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8. B. &E. 11.(, C4ASE, TROPRIETORSt
4
E. - f i ' authorities ' 1
• THE PRESIDENT ' S MESSAG i , re eri t to, ber local no airs fur ' Considering the nit regions o .
, . —, • ' ; inveetigatiori, ' and postliones an'answer - till _neat , and the number of States w
.
.. „, cii i t i ns o fih e seasse and, of the House . she has beir d from. those . anthoriti , "..; To ii...- he madeacecaasible-by the free n
ft.
re7 Representat i ng ; . _-, , , - -
~i veld, these-} • Ong. and vexatitiu idelays, a .the Aver Anuizotipartieular ettenti
The interest With "which the people of the ; Pt.', o Positio s been made to pro vide for a given to this oubject. Brazil, 111,
direct ep I r.endreas ito the Captain-Gen- territories It passes into the ocean,
t e bI anticipate the assembling of. Cop
ps IC
d the fu lfillment , - on that occasion, of pro by 00,, e 1349), in behalf of °ter injured to persimted in a &Hay so restricts
gr'ess,
and is tfellnw;eitia,en
~ Hitherto ,: the Government of: to the use of thus river, as to oh
i m po s ed upon, anew President,
the duty
best evidences of their capacit y to Spain has nechued 'to . enter into any inch at- nearly exclude, foreign commercial
one of the d i - - on her part is Beep- " ith the States.whieh lie upon it.
realize the hopes of e founders of a - polars ge . •,,
/y regretted ?for, wit/rout some arrhngement nd upper branches. Our mini
'
cal system, at once edinplex sad .syinmetricak .
,of thiskiml, the'goOd understandi between ountry to instructed to :obtain e.
While the different. branches of the ,Govern
ment-areito it . certain extent, independont of the , two enuntries may be "expose. to oica- 'Slott tinnily, and to use his effo
•
each ether, She duties ' of all, alike,. , biro di.
.siOnalluterryptiou. :Our Ministet Mudrid the Brazilian Government to open
' :test reference to thesource.ef ';power:_ For- I ikiinstruete to renew the ItroPositiOn, ;and to use, under proper-safeguards., thi s
tunntely, under this aystem, no man is so high; ' Preetv it again upon the eonsideraton of her rad highway for international t.nul
and none so humble, in too stele of .public } CtitholiC Majesty's Government., ) ! ' of the South American States ar
•
station, askr escape from the scrittiny, or
u!_l . :For several years Spain has been
~ !ling the- resealed In this attempt to secure t
he exempt from the responsibility,
Whieball attention of this. ' Government to . . , Ilaim f o r igation of the Amazon,-and it is r:
Official unctions imply. _ . I to is es,' by some Of her - subjects, irfit Case of expect their_cooperation in the me
• Veen the justice and intelligence of the . j.the schooner Atnietad. This claim ii believed the adyantages" of free commercial
Misses, in , a government thus organized, 'is • l .to rest 'on the - obligations imposed - by cow ex- amonznations are better tinders
•
the sole reliance of the ConfederacY, and the biting treaty with that country: rts justice . liberal views are generally; enter'
admitted, its our; diplomatic curreaPond
only security forbonest and 'earnest devotion I WAS edt_n ' the common rights of all to the
to its inte.resta, agai i nst the usurPtition * . and en- ience Uhth,the
• Spanis ' Governmenti,as,.eerly ' thoae 'Means. u bleb nafure has pro
croachments of _power :" on one hand, and-the las ':March rB7 ;. and, no-of - my proidecessors, ternittional:comniunication. To
, n it s o f persona/ ambition on the other.. lin his.
; , annu a l-„ Mena e. of that yea,”. recent- i liberal and enlightened views, it i
have spo k en , i s in- I Mended . thet previsi should be midelfor its r Brazil will coolortn her policy, an
. The interest, of which "I
sepershle -from the' inquiring , self-governing payment. In January last -it watt ; itgalp sub-1 unnecessary restrictions • •upon the
Executive. At has , a river, which traverses so matiy
community, but stimulated, doubtloas; at the mined to Congress by the,
• present time, by the unsettled condition. of I received n favorable consideration liy Com- ;so large "a part I:4'th° continent.
our relations with severalloreign powers; by 1 mittee of bath branches, but as yet pore has: to inform you diet the Republie,u,
. the new obligations resulting from. .a sudden i been no finahlietton "apen: it. ? ..I Coneelee,that :,end the Argentine Confederation
extension of -.the field'ef enterprise , ;
b y th e geed faith 're ekes Is promp adjuaimentsind ;.
to, the liberal:pelicy still reSisted b
•
spirit with which, that field'his been e n t ere d,:l I 'present itl. , yoitr_ Sri) , and voratfle Conaid- i regard to the navigable rivers with
and th e amazing energy with which c hi re- rennion- i
„vial
sources for meeting the demands of humanity,' ;! Martin Ko szta, st!-Ilungarian by birth,,l'eame 1 subject aisiong. others have been
Byre b ees z ere l op 7,d . , .., . •.. I this country in.:1850; and decla kl his in- with these GOvernuients, which
Although disease, assuming, at one time the i t ittion, in-due form of taw, to 1:,4.
l ima a chit.; mitred to the•Senato at the preset
characteristics of ".a wide - spread ;and derasta- 1 z n'of , the I.J niteitStiates.' After',remaining 1 A new'br.ineli of commerce , ".
ting pest il e n ce, h as lef t i ts, \ sa d trace u p on i.h re needy two ,years,: he ,villiteit f . urkey.-- i the agricultural interests'of thel,
• , same portions of our countr y , we have %till I,While at Onivrna, he was fomitrlyi ' ized, ta- f.hai,' within a few yearS past,,bee t l
• the most . abundant cacao for rev:efent thank- I ken on isia4aa - Austria' brig or , ily, r then I'. Peru. - Notwitlistandinit thole? I
. fulness to God for an accumulation of 'signal • ing in thei'.habor - of that place, aafi r. 4,here von- 1 , posits of guano upon the Island
If
m e rcies • si t owered - -upon, 'us a Nation. -It is filled in ironq, with tbe'avowed dostln to take . ;•try,,considerable difficulties are
- well that a'tenseioasnetut of rapid , advance- ; him into thildomains of Austria. O rr Consul : obtaining the reqoisite - 'ftoppl,
meat and increasing strength be habitually es-: at Smyrna and Legation at ConstantinoPlein- I have been taken to 'remove the*
iodated with an akitliktg sense of dependence teroos for• his releaie, but their ti orts Were land'to secure a more abundant ie
. .upon Ulm v*o holds in-His hands the destiny ' • inetfeet al. i'Whitethua ,
inipriso 4d,''Com- 'I the article. ' Unfortunately, thcre
of wee and , o f N at io ns . - ... . -, .-, monde bagrituan, with t -United teseahlr collision ! between citizens,
, . Recognizing the'wisdere:Ot the broad prin. of war St. Louis , arrived at Smyri4nnel atter i sorted - te the Chinclia Islands f
A Ciple of absolute religious toleration proclaim: inquiring into .the, eircumstances:on the use, l Peruvian authorities stationed th
di e our , f un d amen t a l L aw , an d re j o i c i ng i n cause to the kern:linden- that. kosztalwas mini- I
for the outrages, counnitteil by , t
the benign influence whiclo it lass exerted.up. i tied to the, pietectianof this Government,and rpremptly demanded by our Mini
near social and political condition, I should I took &mtge* and prompt measuoa for his This „subject; is now under consi
-shrink from a clear duty, did I fail to express - release. U nder an arrangement between,thel there is reason tei believe .that P
my deepest. conviction, that we can plaee n o i agouti ottho United Statesand of Austria, he ted to otter adequate indemnity
.
. . „,
secure reliance upon any -apparent pro g ress, if . w . as "transfor med to theestody of the French l ed parties. • ~ .
it he not sustained by, national integrity, rest,. Consui4eneyal, I t. Smyr n a, there lo .remain .We are thus•not only at peace
ing aim the greit truths :• affirailed sod illes: until he should te,disf used of by , t e !nutle l . eiotries, but, in regar d .
trated by Divine Revelation. ''.- . I agreement - oi* i . the 'Constrla of the respectrye i fat .ire exempt from any eau
• In the midst of our:sorrow fortne sifilicted eriwernmentaist. that place."l.Pursuant tothat i disquietude in our - domestic rela
and Suffering,it has been consoling te,see hole ag,reement h has been, released and t i!:3 itowjin The controversies, which bar
promptly disaster niade true eeighbkirs of dis- the -United S les. The Emperor -O Austria' country heretofore, are passing
t o
triets and , cities separated' .widely from each i has made th, i °induct of our o ffi cers who tohk 'causes which produced - them' an
other; and cheering to watch the strength of pert in this tsaction'a subject of Olive cow Which they.had awakened; or, if
that common bond of brotherhood, which 0 .: plaint. - Reg ,
~ inn' et Kosz as stilt Is v ls Suinnet theni remains., May be reas
~
cites sit fwarts,fin all parts of this Union,when and claiming , right. to aieze him ithin the - that it will only be perceiyed.in 1
danger threatens' frets ahioad • or calamity bill limits of the c ; arkiah Empire, he. has demand- valry of all go citiz e ns to tea
vends over na at home, - •'ed of this Go ernment its consent tir the sir- pees for. he rights of the States,
Oar diplomat: relations with foreign pow,: , render of the',',. risoner, a disavowal ef the acts to the Union, and their common
ors have undergone no essential thing° since. : of its agent4 , and'satisfaction for , tiee alleged;that each one of the States, its i
the atnti.rnment of the last Congmes. With outrag e . .Aft er a car e ful consideratilon Of the welfare, and its domestic. peace
some of them,"questions - of a disturbing char- "
ear, I mime JP) thScotie.l o'Boa usion that- was alike secure under the sacred mg
sae are still pending, but there are good res. i seized withoist - legal authority at !Smyrna: stitution. .
sons to believe that these may all be amicably I that he was wrongfully detained - eel board of I,) This new league of .amity a
, •
adjusted. . - , . . .
~ - !the Anstriani brig of war ; that at the time of 'disnfidence and support. into whi
For some . years, past, Great Britain haS so }hie seizure, he was clothed with the criatiorrali. 1 the Republic . h ave en t ere d, h
construed the first article *of' the Convention i ty of the.Untted-States;.-and that the acts of . i ducement and opportunity for
of the 20th of April, , 1,818. in rree the four officers; Itinder, - the circumstances of the f a more comprehensive, and '.a
fisheries on the north:ertatern co sto ex, case, were jOStifiable, and..their conduct has line of policy and• action,' as to
chide, our: citizens front some of the, fishing been fully approved by, me, and A entniiiisnee t rial interests . f the country, w
I 1
, grounds, .to which they freely retorted for with the several demands of . the EMperor of, din themselves or (a eonnea
' nearly a quarter of a century subsequent to 1 Austria has been declined. 1 i powers of the civilized world.
the date of that treaty. The United States I For,arnirrit, foil, account of this traniactlon The United States - have coati,
i
have never acquiesced in this ennstriejlon,but f and my iiew#l in regard to it, .1 r e fir itto the ly and steadily to expand, throng
have always claimed for their fishermen all the I correspondence between the Charge;ar Affair- of territory. which, hoW - antich sr
, rights which 4ey had so long enjoyed without i t ,fk of AustriV,tbe Secretary of Stiote,' which them malhave been questioned,
molestation. With a vies's - to remove ill - diffi. ,ts herewith-
~ sositted. The primliples and; versally seen and aduiitted to h
„ttilties on the 'subject; to extend the riihts of !policy; therei •maintained on the
• ptlet of the in - policy, just in character,and a .
our fishermen beyond the. limits ,fixed•by the , United Sla tewill, Whenever ill orrPer once- i in the advant.vment'Of our court
.
coaventi„„ oy 1818, and to reg ulate t ra d e b e : mien occurs ; applied awl enfi i reenl IL ; 1 1 it, of the humanrape, in free&
I
- teem the United States and the British' North " The condition of China, at this tridegenders ty; and in happiness. The Wile
American Provinces, a negotiation has • 'been - iit Probable that some im rtalit chaegewill oc. - grown to - be thirty oee, with rela
' opened. with I fair prospect of 'a, favorable re- i cur in that- n ettlpire, ' Inch . will; ',lead to ato - Europe on the one aide, en th
salt
,To protect ou r fishermen ia the ehjoy. I more unrer4ited inters unie with it.. The distrutt realms - of Asia:
went of them rigtsts, and prevent Collision be.. I Commissioner •to that, country, l' whit N his i Lilts deeply se;rlsible- of the i
• tireen theni and British fishermen, I deelOed• it t been recently aPpointed, vir instructed to avail ponsibility which the present
-expedient to station-a naval for +in that Oar., J himself of - A occasions tin open and extend she Republic, and the diversity
terdaring the fishing season. 3 . our commercial relations, not only, wit h the - ity grits interests, dewily-es two)
Embarras s i ng questions have al t sp i arisen he.; Empire of Chinn i :but -svith, other Aidaticlna- • leviation of which, so - far as relal
tureen the two uverntrients in 'Pegard to Cert.' lions.. •.' 4•'• -.. .) • -i 1 I mediate conduct of the public In
, ,
oaf Ameri . rest' Britain has proposed to i In 1852; at expeditiiin was sent! I to itiMni in my ; reliant on . the wisdom
`lttfle the by au itnicabla arrangethent,and !under the. Cuminand nilc°nu"dPq'iPeVri'lrnt of th • t ` v° /I":4e's of Congsess;
by
Or Yinistel at London iis instructed 'to enterj Th e Par Pose of opening beoreett43lf,Ofevicestrse -in the diree.tions afforded, me .by
. ' him neginiations on that subject. . '1 with , That Nand. _lntelligence has brieri re- 'of public polity, 4lffirmed by our,
A Coretnission for . iidjustinii the: claims, of i ceived of : hi) arrival there, and lif, his having epoch of 1198, sanctioned by loi
our citizens against -Britain, and these of I made known to th e peror of J4pan, ther and consecrated anew by; the.
Bjt,i B h-nubjects against the United States , or I object.of bit .visit ; bait is not ascertained voice ,of the people of the. U. 5: I
mixed tinder the Convention of the Sib_ of i how far o.e Emperor i ll beat - to ainut. , l Recurring to • these prineples, which - cOnsti.
' February last, is n ow s itti ng i n. Loudon for , don his.restrictive pen l y,,and.open . t',pope- 'tate the organic basis - of union we perceive
• thetransaction of business. - - f „ ' ..: ' -:. . i louaLieniftfllto - -It rem nicht' intereP rag with - Abatcvset as are the inactions'. " d duties of
,
It is in many respects desirable , - that ,the I the I.J. S. :-.. . -
1 - . -. .. - - : , 1,- ', • i"the Federal Government, vested b, of entrust.
tiautsda r y line between the United, 'States la, _ it has , YCil my eat , I desire to t:nintsitt• .ed 10, , its three eicat &porta:ten s, the *girths.'
t_ta , British Provincea in the - trarth-Wreet, atilifrieudly - intioeurse mop the o ;)Vernfeeeta apr. tive„ executives end judicial. 3 74 the sehatin- i
qetignated in the Conventieft of 'the . 15th *Of fon is 'Continent, and to, aid thern in presere- . five power; the popular f..me.j d thelarge
ti
Jun ' , 1846 , and especially, that part whi c h s te p. I log ' ood.iniferstandi4 atnong:h'ordeeit'eit•—: capacities for social and maters development
orates the Territory of Vireithiugton from' the - I Wit ' Itexied 'a dispute '.;Eats 'arisen l' as "to the - exist in the respective Slates. W ich, all • being
British posilestsions on .the'north, should:be : true heitadao line '6tWeen otir:i territory of - of themselves well 'constituted publics, as
tract e 3 and tOarked. .1 therefore present the i Nevi blexieWand, the 'Mexican
A Star of Chihli.: they preceded, so they, alone , e capable, of '
' aubjrat to your notice • IL ':: " '- i shoat former COmmlisioner o the United maintaining 'and-perpetuating, e American With France our rels,tionti' continue - an the Steties'ategOed in inning that litie l ptirsuisixt Uoion. - The Federal Govercm at his its. apt
matt trieadly footle g. • , . Ty ) e , e x t g o e ifo cow ; I teltbe trestY,.,of Guadalupe Hidalgos; made. a propihno line of action in the specific and hat
- ' metre
between the - United %trams and that - t rte i fiututt mistake in determining the initial point iced poweraemsferred on it by 'the ,Censtite. I
2 1 ,°liutry," might, ft. I. ionietved, be releisedie tlie Rio, iGrande,", hut, inastnnett , ii., his de- Lion , chiefly AIS to . these things - in which the
t "' roweMmecessaty mitriCtipos,' to ihoraii. ;claim) irallitearly.a departure. From Itbe direr. ' States.have E common interest, in their rel ax,
t i tiais&antage oy.hoth. p as ti es ; With a v i ew itiCitlit for Itraerng the boundary contained in; lions to own/another, so to fo kw govern
' ° thi b ohi*, some progress has be e n
.made' that ° P.reati, ind.*as not cotictirred 'n.bYirt :fur. mentie;while:the great class of . i tereits which
iti ligotiriting a treaty of cethmeree mad niti.. r vey, ',ll:o:diittid. on! the .'part ell he United , belong to -.cultivated , num,. the . rditary b -
IL4.
gawp.. , - - • - ts ta t* w hop - i o n e u r i ence. .*as: esear ytO i s nests of life,-the'spriugs el.indueiry. all tb , '...
cpendent 'of Our , valuable' trade- with' give nada:y . 4o - 'ost decision, this., tivernrnent :.versified,personal and domestic j affairs of so-,
basin; e . h ave important political 'relations ' i nt nit co nc l u ded thereby ; but that of Nemec) mety, rest securely upon thegePend r eserved
I fni h eT , gre ji v i n k .ourt . of li i ir
_ neighbor h ood to tare a diff er e n t v i ew. o f th e B uhl is, . ~ . .-. '1 powbes or the 'people of thoserral States.
im e,ii kaeda ..of Cnbannd . Perot , . Rico. '.;I am .1' Tftere ireialso 'Other tjuentione ' fleet:raider-117116re intbrt.effeetiess Demerara of the nation
P 9) to tuoluice,, that, lollop . th e b a it c o p. I able; th agnitude petidirig•,tietweeA 1 two atikii aid there
,vitsl essence of ti being audits
b g rease r iittettlita. have been made; by watt. i Publks. Onr•ginistlf
~ in,-Idexi, 1 hoe ntiplejigreateees. '-...- . • r- • - ~•. - ," ~ ~:
t 7 . a ed exneditions within die United•StMes -teets f ilatiettai,to • 'iiitii ;Aim. ',- , iiiti P as .3 • ' Or 1116 Pr4et*lke"l"44er : which flow:
ulrid either of these Colonies. Jilitiould aitt"*V .been" opened ;" ii :Sufficient Fes, alai :from die, patine Of the,,Federa SGOvernmeot,
theanent be maigt e stod teithjp.ot t i Jjegts, aft jno n Wade therei ,to enable 4t 9 ',speak:the primartione - ja-the dui Or" nounietering
ti l ooe
MOUS at my 'commebd wi ll b e vjgoroa rt ri iof is Pritiible _remit --.. Imp' - s ` , With the,' with ititeglitYAnct,„fidetit the hiithintat: ter'
exe r t e d •... . .
~
i ll vu repress tt. Aeve ra rp on oij et to y \ mapiiirtarrae of `maids aid; arnica, a setallene - Paled ukir,h,Y , th , -. 3 "" ti 'nuo esPertlaill in
th r e r es kutE e.tahen Pisa sat Ibtrantwirr inkillei Abet Itepnblic; , . ~Itelding , I ,lihentfi- `./ the application;rd the Pe ix F . On, as drawn
. . tinily Of the ishuid or Csiba, between our )4T . •all'heriant 411 7, es it is • ble le ex.: 'by taxation flora the .peu ei appropttisted
. . -
c er it g e "„, and ' the Spaoish authorities.: Consid. -- , that..sta i .. , • - .., , * 'mutual yi traria°. Ito iffftifit • Objpettllir 0 ~ , happily I
....1 Luc PrOximity of that island to our ehore itl - truth' , aotintrielvirisibei Co -; and a , ;hare Pope...l*pp to. Bugg* an 'radical chap
tw4ioug as-it &lea; in ilietraekoriiidi le. ' 1 ] ''' : friendship betwecli. them • 441'4 ' 4 '-geti in the liPune*E F)tic til th
GQ"n""ni. '
1
w i l
taipi e i lit " 44. (3 er - PrineiPar - cities--and the Pe ',.-; : .2'. .. , r ... -.s . 4,. - -\\ ~.. '.. 1 . - .1 .- - ' ' Oumis -1111tiostAttot; a 1 .41 ',the SOlitall
. oil __ °!! 3 Vignanee: . with whjeh T o w n i nter A .egreisit(hasjiigimrviderdrol . ,:j: If' - ai l len, peter cdebilqtendOli having . ,
,aurphts retie.
c j ill
is 11 : , Particulsrly Veit' with'the United 8-,,1it0 , - !tatiot:.+(sentricA ' ' ' "niiter nue. 4 1n,mlik immodiatelYlrein l PCP s !' imv ; m3 ‘
mellts
rene es ! a f. tiftv &l. , :e,Tlon 'of SiCh oeetir.4Was t ,t4t',, r....tti1 114 .14 14. : Ai . • kiki tie bai l merXerand thereforwmeasured y thiippon*
n
ph,,,„,,, °II " il 'A il i valenda:' "Ain;a o 4- 733114 iu!! , :41 v .! 1 "-IPIY . *a ft-ibiee- ' ,atetteilv:PeOUll-.44.1ti .m11 1 0 0 ..444 •P lllO -. i.;•Progen&T•nr
- Coluste i t ntem " r4 la nii!w2o4 . baileen: otii l .:( l ",tesiMit):l;luirn- he- - 1**11 4 044_ 'gce', the country; With each i)Pkihe4llWl ettettle•alf - -
Cat4 t . tev ii "."*Ws!liAt... o 44iiii,oo,4mtot,;l 6o ß,ktne - . -- "lt ' 3s - -Itle:;hoPO4'khat9dri: riellitiareeWedicanta!efreinff 'iti/* Pflidal4w of
pro,,D,,,ae94249*canAcitAkjnalks..,iti:lol64inif:'ol. ' "idlreen.:*.n , 64" bet9'illie eertb 4Odowia4oeirtietO,)itkenostitt4*_., .
Wilteit 41' 4 ' 4bzWy)wimws,4lll4r7z..baims. ,rent to e-er . ' .. " , - 4 4r4eininiirlr - elt : Pre-1 414 9i.tr.0es , nwl YettYtiMlakil-4' ;1 41 00M.
itetik...L, cuoPlulak-Ciathulis€lo4our eiti4i:Yail;,Unkrulf• )00440) r,444*0* rin\nereleWfOrskot-Neiltikiw"#4l9 pow, 4
inttutiZ i- # te r eeen tiffle 4 -MentlltelekS.444o:' . * * Ml** . ofiltstatele ' IWirt.-SlVatliit Air 4 1 f101/ 'i l e l o o #l4.
'4 ivocsouiritxr#o - '
~,,-___, ~,,,_
~ .~ :~ i
f . ,
Mil
I,NTROSEr
thin coati.
kb would
vigution of
n has been
G ogh whose
trcluteacevite ib
tern. •
Thei Ttepprt
~
ry; Will exhibit !It. detail, the state of. the pub.
Sic finances, an the eOndttion of tbe•vanolis
_branches of thiPublieserirjail adminittereil by
that department r of the Government:,, . ; _,-
,' The revennelof 'the ecentt3i, levied almost. insensibly, to , the tax;p4efi',. pee on from pier
• - ' be ond either -th
to year increasing- y er a interests
or the prospective wants of the . Government.
. At the close of die fiiicallear •ending Julie'
30, 1852,--tliera%retnidried , itt.Alie -Tie: usury a I
balance of four een million six- hundred and;
thirty.two thousand one bpodrcd and
.thirty-1
six dollars. Int i m public revenue for the fiscal.
*year ending 4tine 30,18'53, amounted te'fifty
eight' million nine _hundred* Sod thirtf.elte.'
thousand eight 'hundred and sisty-five dollars
fram euttes, nd to two. mi ll ion, .four . hun
dred an five;
thou Sand seven hundred and''
,eight dollars fr in public. Venda-and other cilia
eellanecius sources, evacuating "together to
sixty-one million three hundred and thirty sev-
en thousand fiv' hundred and seventy-fouldor
tars; while the publie'e;peyditures for the same
period, exclusiv e , of payments onliccount 'of
the public 'debt; amounted to' forty:three ' mlli=
ion" five hundeedand' fitly-four thousand two
hiindred and sixty-tw.o_dollitrs; leaving a bal.
L. ahue of thirie4wo million four hundred elld
forty.seven dollars• of receipts above eipendi:
tines. •• - i
tins hither-
e, in regard
I
4ruet, and
l intercoutne
tabouirien
ir 1 -to that
• latatiotl of
to induce
to common
great luaus.
1 .. Several
deepty.-in
e free nay.
sirsklie to
.asure:f :As.
intereouse
. s. m o r e
, ined tut to
ree uie of ,
ided for n-
Jtese more
hoped that
remove all
free'use Of
;States and
I am, happy
f Paraguay
s.vev yielded
TBnizil;lo
In.their
. .
• - This fact, i
of ncrtuerinit
urplus i n t h e Tress: :
urv, became the subjecta c
r anxious onsiderri ,
.tion At A very early Period . Of ivy , Administra
tion,
thin., and :',the 'path '''o I duty in regard to it seem.
ed - to me abviotra- anti ',Altar, namely:' first, - tri
apply, the'surpins revenue to:the 'discharge 'of
the Public Debt, so far as it could judiciously
'be'dOne: end; :seCondly;;.to dtil,..ise means for.
the gradual 'of 'the revenue to - t be
public .exig,eneles..% -- :-- . -- . - . -- - • r
i . Of these objects, the fi ist his_ . --been: in the
.Course of accomplishment, in . .a tiutimer,atittto'
.a‘degree.highly satisfactory; '.The amoun tof
the flpblic Debt, - ;of all• cl.ssies,' - was; on the.
itth of Alirch..lsso,Sixt:i-nine million onehtin
dred- and ;ninety ,-theith.sisnd ..and•-.thirty:seven
dollars;. payments einac.eount . of.which beim
been inade,..sinee that ' period,:to the amount
of ' tWelve million • seven hundred. and.
,three
khouSand three hendrettand lwetity - ;nine dol..
lirs,, ..leaving unpaid,' atid - in ithe continuous
coorie of liquidation, the stn, of fifty-six-mill.:.
ion fotir hundred and eighty•iik thAsauct set::
.
en hundred vind . eight delftirti,.. , These - pay-
Ments, although. made at thet mark.et. price of
therespective elas.ses of,stecitte, have been ef
fected .readily; and to: the. general'advantage:of
the TreaSury, -- and- have at the same 'ling : pro: t•-
ed ersigrnal 'utility in the t relief they -haye.ine
Mentally afforded to the'stonei inerketand-to
the industrial and cOmniercial intrimite 'of-the
.6onritry; • . I .r . - • -- - . . - . . - •
_ ~•
1 . The second Of the abo ve mentioned 'object*
that of
. the. - rednati ter otthe .Tariff,- itr Of great
Int:porta bee, and
.the plan - suggested hy the Sec,
retary of, the . Treasury, whleh,iis to, reduce the
dutha' on certain ..aklicles; kid to add lo the .
free lista 'many articles now ' Iltured r - - , atileape.
ially Such. as, enter. into ' tuanninettires,' and •
itre net largely; or 'at
,a 11,.. produced in, : the
tiountr , is commended . to ' your - candid and
earefu 'consideration. . •-. . '
i . Yoe - will fincf in the report :Of the Seiretari
0! the Trenitui, also; abundant-proof -i,r:.tlie
entire adequacy
_of the 'present fi scal '..sySteM:
to meet . - all the requirements of . the public-sm.-
*ice, and that, ,while properly administered . , it
Operates to: the advantage ; of_: the community
Itrenitinsry.bu:sittess telstions.',. , .. t-. ..::::- : ..• .
_ I respectfully ask 'your attention.. tit sundry
,
eeggestrons.of improvements in' thew_ ttlement
of accounts; especially - as regardi I e large
sums of ouistandingarreers due • to - he Goy-
eretnentiand of other reforms - in . theradminis;
trative 'action:Of his department, which:Fe
. itt-
divvied by 'the Secretary; as Alin ,to the. prog..:
Tess made in -the construction of ~Bfririna.Hos, ,
pttals,Custain if - fOuttea,•isid /of anew Stint .in
California and:Assay O ffi ce in the, City . of.fie.s. , ..
York, heretofore provided for . by Congress.;
s and also, to tlual,eininently auceessful .progrem:
of the Coast S.' rvey, and of the. Light House,
Beard.... ' . ' : ~. .. ' ..
.'. . 2: . ~ ~i
'Waging this
I,negotiated
be sub.
icsession.
toportaot to
citted States,
opened with.
hiustible-de.
if that cotin-
Terienced in'
. Me4surea
difficultie - s,
portatidn of
• has beep
ho have re r
r, it, and the
re. Redress
)e latter, was
to at Lima,
, eration, and
.ra is dispos-,
the aggriev-
with all far-
af
e of serious
ions.
agitated the
ay - With the
the passions.
.any. trace of
viably hoped
he. zeal on s
•
ify their res..
heir devotion
eterraituition
stitutions i tts
hail .- he held
s of the Con-
of mutual .
h the people'
affpitis
the
r + embarrassed
he.. e ire4 ma
ether regard
.on- with the'
tied gitoint.
acquisitions
ver some of
arenow
ve been wise .
• rest element
I's 4 11 W with
in prosper"-
'o States have
ons'reac mg
Other to the
.. _
Among. the objects meriting ion: attention sidered uubject. to imehlobjectione_ns apply ,to
the' latter,and such may now . ' be .: considered
will be importziht recommendations from the satettled constracti4 of:the power 'of the
Secretaries of War and Navy: lam fully the se
- isfied thatt:the Navy of - the - United States is, Federal; Government upqn the shbjeCt.. ,
N w u t m ii e i rr i n c s on ap ti p p l u it e at io lt p .
m bag ie w . r or e l i) gra , :ta u ' I . ? 1 :1 0 o ri
hot - in u coedit on of strength and efficiency , ,
commensurate with the anignitude of our cotb- , l° o °
inercial arid ot 'er interest's and
your capeciat, tuition thestrggestiona on-this; it is n ot Del
.commend tel
.. hutd . ,,linaA j o e r ved the;:c o Cin w itr io ne t t h io in h'q th r e l n it t yi et ly t ig rha ,
subject, made y. the , Sii.4etary
4
nr„mtiger the Cot(ati,thtiotw: that - the poWer
of the N 4 1 . 1.t0 dispo se . . of the litiblicf, domain should-he 3/4:
1 rea'pec.tfully itulhnit that. the Army, .whi '.l ed otherwise then f reight-li6 expected from : a
which' the volunteer forces Of nation g ath *l;h os ki . bi restr i ete 4 teleessoL where it
With the
'unrhisgYhaelii:l'trn'intilko-resusit,asistwita.).nsuCtirseg-aromlunti P, t . ra i d ne en d f to P7 i p i t it t . " !t it h e il e L . he it te nle feje t i t 'e n the o i rt ai l iit : I
Would
er in the hour " danger,,requires augmenta- A , ~__, ,_, „ ma _ . . .
6. :
s o
i t 9 ai c. o o r t, n tri p n ti e u t te t r i n: , un d er .
e like oi
lion, or rnodi lion, to aciapt, it to the present i 7 for the .
limi and frontier relations of the
_I Pre"
;.extend ed eeunity, and e 'condition of the Indian tribeirtt u ! . t. l ,". ° S. , t- .. h 1t.,,,.,.... 4. °;(ti r 1u it„ th0 ' T r u a r i , l' h io ° 4 l v, ii i 4 6 i i i e n a g i
lin 'the.intetior , f the continent .; the necessit y ;11';''Z' te lu re u s u te * *o"l."t"h:Pg'"tiftes-in which the works.
of which will gq)ear in the coMmiinicationsefi "0" I ted and lit the 4anie thue;theiotheta
re °co ,
'Ate :Secratari Alf Wer and the Ihterior. . ,, -
, i al interests , f all : the ?Aber States, -.,
in the edmi letreticei ef thires.°ffiee fie 'no. the•toue 'iturtilmit6tin;g.the ;1.10 . sale of
ParLfeent re ` t e 4ell ' Yeei eeditigJ a ne,3C4l the p public domain, I refer you to' the iePort of
1853 i the fr expenditure r ils 2 , . sev e n
_ i , thil l i°l 2l' e seeeetekt of thelkitetiorl •''A' ardor - ex-
'nine hundred' -eight-Y-I*o tnousaeolf4veml- i lla ti on , 40wev e r, wkitabow - that this - ex*''
, hundred 'and fty:six'Aoriars; and -thi. grosal
receipts, the 'same
. krled, ti e re ioj eß4 nee is the , result, - le -leliOhi4A
" v "i d wi ll be far finuiiff,irding, encouragement
'nine hundred Ad' forty-two thousand _---..--- 4 . , ~. ___ Li ...,......
, - ,....l i pth e ifi e v n i t t e '4"i t i tutti k k ,...q.
Ihundred and thirty-four driller's ;'shOiving - , that / th e lipi. reckless ...A
~...,,,,.; ,„ „.7., : :,
.., ~-7.
[the current reiehne failed to meet the eitnept Ileommend tO Year fitrontbie - -e oli e idetati‘x'
expenses of_ the department !)y, the sum offi se - mp
'' ; r te
thei" '
Attoense reti
1 h
aptitude of
nd Multiple. -
), m ; the al-
a es. -the. itn.
r in , is, fi nd
d htrietisto
; nd •ondly,
e principles
. athers of the
• experience,
verwheltning
isio million [ forty,two thousand and thirq-two
dollars. The causes' which, under the preti ! -
'ent postal system sad laws, led inevitibty 141
this result, arti explained bi 0141410,41
of the 'Poatutsster-Generul
s' ;,011e. gresgreatcau i e
being
,the'enortootta rate the "department h 4 I
beetccoin • Wleil o say `t'orsir,yleilien::
tiered -by; R.al4oad.Lompanial.
sxhibitlia`the Repdrt of the'.;Oetoir'
ter fireieind inceon. hard *Fasqdit cire ,
by mill steal/Mr* will bti Cunt}
, tereatio„.&am,d 'Ol a illarac -r. dig,lo4
tiotoodiateaption of Con • :
Numerous nud., r frAuds...npon - th
Behave - -ibrought t0'1.114- -
'Atkin, the mlest., some , teems
merited 'pernaleetat bet.. aufte
niter to -others -guilty partie,..baolheeeai
not rough* vont,,9f saffiaetKe•svicketee:
Warrant a roovietionenee
the proeisiotek of limitation
Fittlei. nature of these tehtitnielltiriv° l
moteeees thi tribeeale to 41ecai eponl l
'sea theutodel in which the proof is, of al
laity, 1=6134 teritithil*-tP of,ln?OavlV
greittlY , ell
otdeidHl 1 1 0 itaraktCli 4thilff
ute'suliiistrare '
41 00 1 .'oriuft
4#1113
DAY., :DE,6OlBERliklB6l'
wisdom__of tbe prese4t, "ys
f the Secrebtiy,of theVreass.
z-^trz .01
lA4O
- I.;
BEM
hundred -and elevesi.serits qf the; publla lands
have been server3d; #ncl:Aen . Otte
Noodled and siaty44epAbor -nd pight hu;
_)npnta ...lug
' red and , ninety-oneacieti hrolight into nyrket.
the: iatne 'tierioo rthe sales
purchase and piaster:entry amounted to :Mai",
million ..eightpthren thousands four, hundred
amPninetpfive acres Ilocated tinder litilitary
bounty land'warrittits, tit million one hundred'
and '-forty.two 'thonarqul. three, htindird : :alid
sixty, acres; located hdder other - certiffentek
qine.,thousand four hundred and twenty-seven.
aeres;.. ceded to the StAte as. WaRIP lands, six,
te t en,ffiillion six and eighty-Tonithori T
sand two hUndred and iitti-three acres; helee ; -•
led for railroad and Other - 4:ll:dects, - tinder acts
I of Congress, one-Milllortlt foui hundred and
twenty-seven, thousand: four. hundred and fifty
seven aeres. Total anitinnt of lande disposed
'of within the fiscal yeisr;',twenti:fine''inilltott
three _hundred - and?•fOrty4ii thonsand - nine
hundred-.amL ninety4vo. Acres-to/Thiel"; is' an
increase in quantity scijd'.and 'heated ,under
land' Warranta And grants, cf , twoprt!
, trillion s ,
`two hundred And tbifty-oue thousand - eight
hundred and zeightetirq Ores' over the' fiscal
year. immediately . The ..quantity;
of !and.sold during - the second: and,third quer- -
.tern 0f.1852" - Was I three -hundreeind
four thousa4fonhiadre'd and fifty-one acres,
The *Mount received therefor, was' slitllan
dyed - and twenty-three; thousand: six :hundred
aud - eighty-ser:en Tito quantity sold
the second and thiiiiq4risiS Of theyear 18.53;,
Was one million itiindreCtindnine thou--
send nine hundred add.4ninote*ty acres; and
the, amount receivki tlierefor,'two million two
hundred and twenty -Sit 4 thousand eight bun :
dred and seventY-six dollars. .- - . • ..
The whole number hf'land warratits'isstted•
under 'existinglawS;;ptier to - the 30th-of Sep- .
tAnbeltast;', was iwo gliendied- • and sixty-six
thousand and . forty-tWe iof which there were
onistanding,.at that; date, sixty-six thonamid
nine hundred and
-.forty-Seven. The
_quantity
of land required to Satisfy-lhese - ortt:tsciding, •
warrants is four, million]seven. hundred ; and
seventy-eight "thousand' one: hundred and twen-1
ty acres. 4 • - .
• Warrants have beef' Issued . ao . 30th s9p 7
tember last, under thcait. of ilth February, '
1841, calling for twelve million eight hundred
and seventy-nine• thohiland two f hundred and
eighty acres; -tinder 'sets of ..September .28,
1850, and-March for twelve
million fiie hundred and five thousand' three
handfed and sixty ac making` a total-`'of
liverity-fiv.ethri,•trhundredltind eighty
four thousand six hundred an 4 forty sires.
It is believed: that . Dxrterietieti has verified
the wiedoin and kistice of the present system,
with regard to.the doMain, in most es,
Sential • ! -' • •
You will,.perecive,, from the Report of the ,
Secretary ofthe leteril i ir, that, opinions, which
have often beett "expressed in felatlon to I'M)
.operation of the Vandsystim, as not-,:-being e
source of , revenue to „ per Federld Trettent : Y,
were eironeous.,; 7The net profits from the
sale of the public - ta :June" 30,:1853
amounted to, the stira fifty-three "Million
two hittidred end eigi(ty'-nine fttotiaand
hundred and - sixtytfiv,e dollars. :
T recommend the extension of.the-land sys
tem 'over the 'Territories' of Utah NeW,
Mexico"; with shelf moOifiCationtt ' their pe
culiarities. may requirei: - .• - ;i
• Regarding .our public domain as chiefly. vat.
sable to provide hothei-fior.theindustrieitsend•
enterprising, I am unt-imared to,,,rei °amend
any essential change , in.the land system, - exc .
eept modificetionevla far* , the actual
Settler, and an extensiOn'or..the, pre-emption
principle in certain cases ; for reasons : and oh
groends.which -hef.Tully_ .devehipedin the
'reports to be laid before you. .
Congress, representing, the - proprietors of
the, pnblic•dotnainostiOharged especial ly with
prver to dispirse'of tetritery belonging t 6 the
United States, has, form tong course of •Years,i
beginning with. the Adtiiiiiistratio6 of Mr. Id;
ferson, exercised'the'po*er to construct Toads
within the Territories and there are so.many
-and obvious distidetionithetween this'exercise'
of power And that of oinking roads within the .
States, that thejormer. has never, been con
. .. .. - -- i .
(cc men of gcrqulh! ofb.o.mke VV. 4 47.$ -*/ ". 41 ?"
4eir inventions ind,d*ckiiiiii ti,,isciirico and
an., bier° contribUted Inrgidy7 ,m l6 - ITio`hotiioic.:
inenti!ot die agile Withtiot; in at* insti,nieee,
necuringlor.:thcmcO*Aultift tiko , au ~ .ode.:
gnats re-ward._ .' o.orruccyjotcrostiog 4l
uPoi this itiwitaii ielKypifl4::oi9, app oi 7 '
ate repOrtk'andimiele!stly urte'uOu yo r ear-
I,y attestoolbartappimintlylaiight, 4 ' bur- ally
hopott4t, toodiuditioutOf.amistinkhi !la
so t
ilvf h gtetetl• ..,,, ' .: t : 4 ,i,, , 1.. , ,, - . r) .57, ....;,1 . -_„, ' • , .,:
'l:e e- ibiiii nerit i w, ten has lictlong47l 'PR>
the netliin 'vireo* . to relation to
.4iViii:
*Act ottolinikbWwin 1 hivitlio!'', - 11 • ' roan;'
Witt W.:be manifestect4 f: - ri , ', ..t4 Ili:: ,:" fl
,TbacrectiOi of . Jig olylimu ur - tbeciumm t i l
- 0 tb!Ltititiiiti: of eiiiinploi .
.. !.. Of ,ibe . A'r'my
,an Navy or the Vaal 'z' 4 .- lies *Aida&
illat;tt Pt.*: I ' ' 1 tiilikAtitSr tor:a ttire` t , '
ieceptiot.afiatie'. !. . ma.: istim4if : turit:
othetliviflifg*Jie: -tiontis4.944 , omoit;44*
boil reason: ..I . lpvci ! Nu3.4ll l .lo,iiityillOAP_n;
Arififit;gd !!!!f! ' glitte hie .n boa *de.!
*media tii.qhlr'' '"' . CiiiriaW'fbil3llo4)
luititidiba last!nowty - l a m et ia m i grth i t
ast.ro t .*
will ,' 1, , a t ite rp 1 14 4 ,Pirtgl i ,
idiiii:ah4 - - Aa erniff, Esti
is seitibliiiviiiutit*, ithae d innefithil l y k r=
t,44Thowitherisibe ' 444100,4 1
J3l.4oll,l4sotNill* 1 g oo
'Pi: fhtit4CA't
...-._ Lc_ • ,',.: -.-,L—'
• •it and idans:Of. t e etigineeitilltitihe:trahairge-.
o • ittii'ili#46 - ys - ;:u*. eiihe " ;eat '2:fikiCtitinietiltk
. e:'ht4t,''' it Iti*:ttle: iiii*:., , t44#:* - siMaritiit'o , ,
- ;‘i .' .,- ; a tOnnillititititke.4lloo . 44oll*4s:gii4:
-vi Mit': con template Itaideg:tlielinteffileti(tlii
' eat :- .4ls : :of tlie Potomac, tind;eotOitittetif4:
IV 4 --' 'l3 i . t .
,ok - ':#• iitiirnt;?.. - . - .y. - :1 .. '.:.-:;.::•.;:',.'!..,'•
ifFOr' - e:Pf.tre - and; present - 'enttiltiott.'„of.
4 i
, ti sittiportenr*O ;end. tm;'.'itsf dentende;[tio',..
ft 4. as
„tipPftiptintitS'ire , .':',COneeftied;;A - .4.etei . :..
lett'io'..theiepertAt : the',',Bieretark 'et WaKI:: -i
---IThei,jireaentr.jutli.,44Sieteiri.-iifj the ';t7nites,k,
tatit lien now beeitiii*peratiet ; ferjio:lo . 4
alpOiud..Of;tiidetintfhtiii in itti',:teneitlft iten , :.'.
il'and - intielf:Of ifetetails,liet*ne-,ee' . :fatniYit(i.?
to the country; arid' seinireL: so "' ent irety
..:0"#::
phhiia.eonfidenee,-71thet -if!trindikt.:,in,..ST4,7in;
Siegtiit 4hOuld. 0* he in - thone'::,-paitielde*
of ? hich':trini 'iidip-it". to the Inereittiedi'eitetit;-
population, and legal 'btiSitienn 'of Ythollated
. sqPites.:; - c4nthie'.,,(ltitionthe iitiniisittOri:' - : 4 _
she Courts i* - n'ovi , einifeetedlt;lnedetinktitti7.4
!t.her'autiee - te-le - ii:' iftititied' - •bi.ttiein.; Inren€4,
l i eknence 7 of - iehie.,l*; the States :of VlCOitittAli.4
1 e i ,mtiliiittfa. , TeiteStititr'atifOriiiii;''ind.".:4il4.
1 tricts ot:other*Stiosi;.- are •fri;.efltiort . ".'ekeleded.
from: th
froe full ben efits-':"Of:the . ::generer isysfeiii„,_
tkihe:funCtiotie;tifi - - the.;.ciinuit7 - C o urt -being
:deye k lied- 66-li*Dlstrict. 16dtpi 'iii;7.alf itios4
tsteverPartik'ofl§tatek '''s ''':-- •-•'-i:,
.-.'' --,' - ;: 1: . : , .:.t
1116 - spirit'Otthi,,Constitittitin and ra'd tie r*..
aro , t.tilizatiee- require Volt all ' the'...Btiii - o - e ..q7 - .
am. liti . ioikAlititild ' be.' niaceit•iin - th.e . :iatni . 166ti.i_
' ihg . In ~; regardL .
to - . -the'•.7. jiidiettil• It ribilnlis.',' ' 1 '
.ttiereftite" commit tii‘yonr eannideratitinithiS
- inipor innt subjecto.whieh,' in 'thy 4 tdiale,tit::4;:
tnands , theineedklactio r ri'infeengreSS:':•:Liiill.,
lireseht AU yon, , 91:10ec inett.desirable i yif - Plin; . .
tyhiek - . 1-- nm... - iiipPated , Ao: , l:recintinteed; for 'the
. /
enlargement and modification
.i of the
,pr eS en t . jidicill itnten: , : - :C'. 'J
-1. ': . ; - 'l''''' -- L' ''•
rTh97iop of Contrers establiiiiing.llealfth
soiiatinatitatiitipievidet thstihO-ereßidet&
of the . .. United .Statea,-.odlothr, iioione.thOie--
in-designated,,- should. constitute ' itit.€7 . 4.! estati:'
Ifshinent". bk-that t;ititxtl i ' Undihat'Ahi..'.iiiethlitia:
A1mad....11014 sitiu4'. - Od Speehil me e tings for,
the . .-supervisipii•of Oeiffairkilf -.the Institittiott:
, he organization not -. haiink taken '701i10,.. - It .
.s en:led to :rne.tiinfier. that' it ebotild-: be .:effestL".
ed., without: delay !:., Thin ihiti,:ztine' n-'43ofie.; ; An4. •
~eO, oecasion Avis - thereby - inteSeinted'fOiinstieet:
• sag the conditiln bf 9Whistibision, and'Spiire
,ekatiegits:•:sueeestiful: - liiiigiess'.:lthuklar,'...*4
its high;protiiiati , :of - great i and 'gtnend Viefit . P.
- , - -„lhaie`Olhitted ' 1.0' , .'113X -) . 4 . 4121 . = favorabl e
, con'.
..
era Lion . for thei'estitnateS-lit viorica.'ot:l , •
. 1: character _ e- i*enty,iaev en - 9 thii. thirti;one
' i
atea, ithounting, to , cineinillion - ;- Seven Jitn24.
red, and. fifty-four- thousand 'fis4 handrett.dnr,:'
1 - rs,A beeattsei l iindenendently...Ofl'i th,e;krotiiid,'
ithieh have . Bo', °flew- been: nrged-agatoet-- he
:application of thei.Pederat geeeete';thr wo rks•
oythii: . eluiraeter4ineiittaliti iiiith.eonsegierit
injustice is' inherent hi:the. natal*: of•the'.orop: :
tositinn; 4141liecansiii•the:. plaw,hia - -proVed- l 'eni,.
1 Ifrely.,l - naderiiiitte . 't6ths tieentrindidiaient cif the',
reet....inntit.. - -::: :::-.1. '...,:i.„..-.-,.-;:, :, : ..: : 5 , ,..•.... ,. '.: , , , -,: ., ,;.•
[.- The:subject', t tnterr4rinprovegients,elaini4
I:i g,-iliiitt thoihien*st anitigood*llt'et all.,tia4.
*evert heiess. en. the basis .of .tnneti . ..poli'lleal]
~.iscuesion. , ;: t en , , -..hati,:itii 3 Od.fllii • A - deep graVen
1 1 neint airisin :between litateinierint etninent.
.a . hility: and Spa "riniiiimme,..:.-The.itilt of strict ion.:
-
' - - trotical..Pf42l - 1 3 l4er'a delegated i).Y:ol 3 -44en.
.
_.
i the . .. ene ' - - .l3,o#rnnibiit. hieltifiiiketritielf.;
I
kept
,tiOdii'iti - iurli4Alg;airit Ihis' . .. - iiig,d
. k iii ; 4t.eii.
df,eipendituri* - from 'the lAtl'atidtuil •Tepasuri
cin ': , e/Orki..- - . Of it't neat Charactei*ithin 1 he:stbtee::
Memorable as as 6pogb in: the histor`y:•of:thi s
Ojecti,iikiha . /deSaiike:of.-Generat Japitatna;pf
he
,27th . o f May, lA3o....whioh , tnet:_tkeTitystein - ',
dr
internal-_ improvements • in : Air' comparative
' . . :. *y1 111 1 .-- si c" j ' :.:ol 4 e. 4 . l p ul lijfte . 'A i o- 4 .':ta .i P p l p 4 t-4 4. pl d ijtion *:11' ; E i . ii i!.4 tia r t.73' w eit' ' th: T : E .
. 14. tv,eihn; of this Charaotet..- : had . ; .4n3 . -:til. the
'..4ar 4 Tttli s n' l4 , 7; *iiii-444 1 4 li.o l o: , ..hatltiie.d
million of. doll: . ' '. '-- '-- - -.!-, :---- '' ~ ;.. -.,.;';_.'
- .'l Iti„that.irieirge . thelrreitident l admitted-the;
I n
trimaitlty:eubilogiog -.:4:t0k..... the, -. .otieratiobs:o . f,'
iiii;Groveii*Ot ,tof-tke int.a.4FßPti.6a::: of; 1 -_:tl4.
UoiiiiiintiOn',-eet;lnp .ht.l7,9,B; , nedr.initr.ked it..es
tih adnionitkitit 'pivot of r the nette4ity. i .a. guero.
Ag . that l i. instrument iith . iieeptpsit
. .. t igilone e V.
,4genipt....,thit:tidtheiitk Of . fireeedentS, :Vvhich hed.'
not the:l44l4n of : its iciest :Plitinly......4e6oed
pptvem, ..,- ~.:.-. . -•-• --. ~.::, ,I' , . I '
' - 'i ' ; 9nr,GOV - einnictit ',exist*" niid4t._:. tt ; ',tl.rritteti-,
compact bete/eel] suiveif i ka.Btates, uniting f0f,...
specific objects, and pnd. :')vitti. :i!050tte ,, 6444 1- : i.II,
their,;genetal:.egent. - Af t then, in lithe;,m-o'grusa:
,or . it4;ellMlidetcetionithere 'hiitebeen. dept tit; ,
'itiett 1 tionill4,;.." . i.vil and intent of the:cnitipitt4,?
- ii. iii;tkioiopzir'e - i; be, popervii , ...tjeferlileli:-.1.0
.the - fiaeiKatitifiltird;":iiihich - ,..:putr,-flithera'AiiiV "t 4 .
and Melteelite:in l efft . iri to nentorrni enr4tetion
.ttt it.::- -..1t. tt7Ofig.seonithat.:,the.'liat - or--i::,pritt...
4pii.c.*iiiii:.. h'eeti -- iiiin'ted - fient.iti* ,firk . '.!iii',
nianv l of the wisest meet 04464;1i - op \of
: 1 1 4 .P.ePlOic;, iiiiita -l io 4o:liavO.e.‘ooFigea.
,:g9noatit'atit . i
_ri'. , ..4o 6 Fit...atil*,tic ,, ,cppi:l4,.
eitit which • entij i he iegi'a Med* aS . eattsfitctork: - t*,
'its: minsyniiitiest . iadvocates; ShOpid.;toiffest. the .
lorittiri*lttidier ilietiaiiii tint,rbeiriC'pl.anAitte,;.,
jy. to hii - #4,..* . ned by. happieiiiiiiihi„ . -, Witheit)
~pc, atitylitzletty- goo ni ,dietittatien,:,
.ciriet4Veg,
,c 1 iii,e, - ekit_ij?: pr*iptiy - iii... - rtiptitiiied'cii - itilor.-,
teet!tfitilteiTigt•:•krei; the . protection ',et intent • .
opintliekeei . 'iityikli!' does, „, na.i.. - ,Attalli:ietite.ll :-.i':-•
itePtiiieitettht:Otioii:o4h4i4.fik the ,
.95
'' t i ii i i t n i f ti. '4-hr o 4fi' ; 'l: i ii : l y inl . 4 - ii .w *j o i r ..a t ii6thi P i:2 9 .4- 4 244 ;: t t te1.-. t... 11 ;i 11 : t f, i *; :b . 71 ; t::::::-
: : . .Iwiattot:.oy=.oiii:VOterli. l -0 6' .;
'E'''
ialpriovOiarbia:.!l4 the: i' ,', : fit
loCaptiint'fiteitilling "ei p:' , . di..
t4',40441--.*o4:ritne - .•,--
.RC9ool.*lskt:ibe . 1 . e
Atr.oitio.iiiiikl#o -: jr
• . elf icittaio'.'..A,,
:
:'... -.1r.01,!;: - < - . ,---
'.: . ili•i - . . r
m
•**4 . .''..i.." --
.. .
..
..tiii
~.,4 i i;:il
.*:1
paid:thiti.
41*- 4 '1 3 Pr,04.
„aoient . tcii I . fkir:
41fit.:.(4-osiiiii t io;:
Aditu,
lej
ilia,i'' . ...44l"Akk
.: e1'ar1y.#00.46.,..04 . :
06 4 •34 4. 13 / 4 4 1 1';0:07'-•
.4fett Yisiiitig i r:,,liittii,i*Vg
4 ,,tiiikh t ' trelcp frit ', r: . . 17 - r ': ,.,::, . : t. - :
11:NO:,1"egal:ditd ai:i !iiitm,',.*:l4. - .1
..peri(tiov . of :inoi . - ow t . : . thit - ti`ki.io,, - :
ORKir i ciTsoriti*Oed ll* figiblip),944 4 -.
4 t.#l 3 Tektl. l *:o4 l gpi l ttoi#t ;i! , ,•: . - iiettliti)
1
)I )o l '''' lktuk-rf:AAW - Vthaii***
iiiikilf' 1i&44.-*lltetii.iioii:4ll!:loo,*;
Tiiiifetkiol ' latie‘,"iiiiialliitiVikit''''''' '
iiiiriteiii*l64:4l,r4W; .".
*OW Isiiiiilkikento .
iiiverilis*aiitig!vi,POWlH
leiglifiNtittie,fttiiiiiTAiilik
.. . .
iel, - uillept,4s:o p*.,l* - 01 . ,.,
Atirile Atilt : flid;,*qtatraputh
zTr,Witliliil*itiiiiiiiiiife"roY Offi
t' i ! attny fir:tlt . . ' :.**ti*ii.,WM-•
ir, 7 -; ' ...ii**4l l #t!fe4V!
{
: -,qi_jt . * . . jAiliiati!')',S,l4.ii.i
1 crakciiift6o.!* ! y 0414
41P ' .:: IF . ...- - • 00.**0 1 01:1.1,.
i 72 ,, , 4::,ui*srilitiitre..:
ilisii4tug . , : .i . xi'atur . ,m,,
141-g i;tt;p . (,• • ' - "" dp i
_
*et
VOLUME L i :NUMBER so. •
' -
it
ea : .in - relation to works for •the,tirePrelia
Weer of haters, which .iii!li'ves question-as
46 'right ti soil , and ja&diction,- - anditave
,threitened. Conflict between, the authority.of
the ',State Snd General Groverameqbs.l . no
right`to coditruct a Ist'iiakwater, jetty, . or. daut;,
would ` 'see ; AeeeeserilY, te_tPerri: with'. it ,
the power , to protect ; and preserve.sneb colt=
istructlstes. This can only be effectuilly done.
by having . juriadietka oyez the soil. Bat no -
clause =of the Constitution is found, oft whirl'
to resethe Clairriof the Iluited States b. : ilea- •
cisejuriadietion over the= soil . of a State, All.
tePt thet_ t'i
e±eferred .lt k the e ighth !teeth) et '
'the tilt it fele ef the, Certeitlaiee• ". -Wisp
iheo, seism tted, whether, „in 01 easel* There ..:.-
' constructio n s are , to he-ereeted by -the'-Gener
al iGoierri eat, the right of soil should set
fait be obt teed, and legistattie provisinu be
n i
inideta co ver all Snob eases. ' . t-
For the Progress mach/in:the :construction 1,
of_ roads within the, telitories,l its - provided for - '
,in 'the apprOpriations of .the Gut Co I
refer ti le the Itilierr .01 the BettreterY Pt
•War'. r ' • ' i _:-• ( ,
There is one subject . ofi a domestic Imbue.
whiell, from 'lts intrinele huPartteees tea the -
Many interesting questions of future ri:eilei,
which. it involves ' cannot, fail to receive wye
,traty 'attention.. I allude to the meansofat- co ,
4nenication.by•whieh different parted,' the i4ide
expanse oft our Country are la be nlaced,in
closer connexion for tbe purpose both of de - - -
fenso and - ommercial' intercourse; and more .
1
espeeially- pact as appertain o,the coroutung:
:cation of I isse great division of the ',Dien,
which -lie withe opposite aid iof th e
,11, 0e hr
Mopfitainst 'T , • .i i
. That the Government has tot beee rib&
fut of this heretofore, is apparent froth et aid
it has afforded,through appropriations If* mail ...
facilities aid other perposes.But the! eral
subject will now present iis Ifendee a bs
more imposing and more pu rel y l y= mitl4 ,by -
4 reason of the , surveys orde by Congress,
end now' in the process of completion. for,
communication ; by:railway across the Conti
fleet, andW, holly within the liiniti of the fixa
ted States.' - it - -
The POV7ee to declare wnr. o lain end sup.
let -
port arm, toprovide i ry,
' ' and
and VI call faith .: the milititl co ntain 4- lin to execute the .
laws, suppress insarreetiona,ed repel inia., •
eiere, WaS Conferred upon Co ngress, as Means,
'to providelfoi the eommo defense, and - to
d
protect a territory soda ulntion nes , wide
spread and vastly multipli .1 AS s incidentat - ,
to , and indispensable for the jexercise -of this"- -.
power, it Must sometimes be necessary tii . eol,.:
street iniliMry roads, and prefect barbers of
refuge. To appropriations by-Congress -10s
soch objects, no sound objection can be raised.' '
Happily for our - country; itatipeaceftd 'policy;' "
and rapidly increwsing population impose up.
on nn no urgent necessity foe,prepanstion, and
leaveLbut few trackless deserts between assail.
ahlo points and a patriotic I,peoplel over reedy.,
and generally able to proteed them. These .
necessary-1111-s, the enterprise and energy' of " : our people are;steadily and beldly, struggling
.to sulißly. I :Ali experience afflrms that where. - •
ever private enterprise will 'ayall, , it- is Meet
wise fof die General Government to leave to
that and. individual watchfulness the location i.
nod, execution 'of all means of Communication.
4 '4 'Tito , surl i veys before allucled`to were desige k ..•; -
ed to wsectain the most p tidible and ectoL
nonsical route forAliailrondf rom 'the Minds- •
sippi t4,thi, Pacific Ocean. - 'Parties=are now - -
in diet field s making:explorationa, where pre=
, vious i texarninations bad not gupplied sufficient
dila, tie' Wlieite there was ie best, reason to
hePe he object . sought : migh t
tbefound. The,
mesas and time being both I,rnitecT, it is not
to be ex*ted that. all the stectus.tis knowledge '
desired will be obtained; butat is hoped,that
'innehland3r
r mportsnt information : will be addedo.
to th4stot previously possts4l, and that par
tial,- if`not f ull , reports of the 'surveys ordered, - '
will be ree'elved, in time forltransmission to
the two nausea of Congress, on or-before the
firstlidondSy in Fc..heraty next, is 'required by%
ttin. 4et of tiPPreArlatiew , The magnitude-Pr 't"
the titerPriee contemidatad-hr aronned; and .
will doubtless continue to ez its; n vetY l tgin- '
end 'interest - throughout th e nonatil. - n its
political, iti commercial, and its military *xi.
, ings; it , has varied, great,-and incr easing . elitiete
to consideiation, „The heavY efPerkee,thelfruit
deloY, ilod et tithes, fatality attending' travel
by eithq i
,f,tho isthmus reutea,,heve,dettion
strated the advantage., which. would Stilt
•front. toter interde.eauic communication by suebaafi?
, end ratitti means asa rail r oad would supply, ,
I. These difficulties, whi c h hive been eneoun;s ..
, tered in 4 ieriod of peace, ifould be maipsieed' , .'
' and still (Other increased in tiMeA3f 1r . ,11f; EU,' '
' ,While the entharrassments,alieidy eneounteri
oi, au& °aim under new contingencies ;` to; be ~.'
I kulle.iPated; tool' serve strikingly t°-"hitit the
ituportanee.'ett_such„a wark, neither dingle nor ,
all connidcrviiOns ‘o l oizied. Can bine an VT '
pretiablo value, when weighed , against', tins i,I
obligation_ strictly,;to adhere., to to_the 0311 0 1114,
tion, andfaithfully .to execute ^ e Powers it
confer& Within thle, liPit iini-te.the,eztee;
pf, the' interest (lithe- tovernsient invoiced , ,it, - - ' l.-
would t ie.emlboth..expedient' andproper, if....a1l . ,
econottruud. land rprooticable ronte Axil ' he .--,
.foul4,tin - nid. by, aii.:noriat.itutionaiL meina, Ica
`thon'onseruCtipp of a foad,"whinft Wlll UM*
iieediltninsit , ti*PciPtilatio" °f ithe.t-triiii 0, ~.-:,
l it
`end 14teetie d S,tates. To.guard . ritaiestCei '
tonaePtT o 4; it ` shoul d be relnarke4 i lhat - it,- ,
Ploilb,,the Power to g ooo troet; 'orA skim • ''
emuitenellett nf a read within tlienrillniiiip a .
teritiirY le no embarrassed 4 that question '':
of jurisdietieel whteittweeki. ariaa - ;,ial,thho'd*, '
litnita of iSt4 o .it i s, °°" lo oll* -1 41 1 4.te'he
~adOebt,i'll Owe'' , and Alin Um doaktiil
piorriety-,,,eich wi"thileih)hiliie - ,t.lt ItAitflitort s . ,
far lliti Mena W 4 .4 411 00 ' l,4 s : 11 n4 3 1 1 4 3- :6) - :-,
administer the 'Wars tif a IhTilik i 'Oiel; ir 1.-
i l n
other - similar coetihtetYW, 4 theieriire "that, -'
its cojinOlen With a ',,.worCof:Aia ihAtikafer ,
ab ,o 44 l ..4l l fieldenti, l lo . 3tW,lll . an 1 2 r/Pliti! , 1 ' i
*i ir ani tt r s4; l iteteni!..l l -101 4 ;41 11" 441 ** ; 1-1`'
On thP- 1 441fit gi tAlltb ' ' 41 +;" 1 0 1 09+ ''''.,
11 ,!4 84 , "t 1 , O.A d ßtie ' *. , 4 _;* - ::-_.
)
1. 9 !I: 1 4 7 ' O . O -1040 1 1.ttigetkfif:olirilOc , , ;
MP, Oiniion•fiifOnk an.wolt fit'o, '-'-'
#Oll , , ; al, , ate,. it4ibeientii!: the
ci.
awk ' ' altpaliod,lo:firalk.Fl ictiiiiiii* .4. - :„.
alit f9,.plioir - lfe 1411417,911#,Actoklitol
is& 44 lidiAiilnt itli*Rgradlii'6o .-- '1" - 1 --- I
1 4
an. Wa.,,t(iidliTirattlinittiLniiigtiwthc4oo4„
46v
'Of h itiirtwiteid 'Wilt 'iligthforthelMi . 4":'
ett'apm, KivtaplO:, 4, ' t..,# l ol: l terklii*:
*11;1 ,0 tilltAkn)* _ t!,.,
,f;amiu 4 p1 4,,j il
, e,e ` tligac
•s titl:4, ,tif,4 =,,
i r
I - .1 ',
tiii tovet . Nf
i
fe-4* .-' - • vi: -4, .A4Atikkair.A' A
4 1 ' 4 lf ki; , t calit ,
f
' - bi , t ) S '''' 4.1 ( " :
Va C litk i 4 ' ''''
' 141
' , ~.-. ' ...
-. IA:
to --.
tvp-
.01114Actil
MEMM
:, s :..
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MiZZEPa
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v i
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A.,;,......-,....::
-
-V a