Her time of tleod.4o withdraw my support
ftom the great patriotic party, and turn recto;
ant to my faith and toy own inMrest t—foriet
me toll you Eliza if our party triumphs this
ante, my path is theueqnrth glorious. My ef
forts in the just eause,•:will receive their just
(To be continued.)
Gov. Bigler,'s Veto Message,.
ON Tut nitUt II1L14"
•To the Senate and House of Representatives of
• the Cornotariwoo/th of Penney:cants :
Gzurrtznaa:—Bill No 590, on the files of
the Senato,entitled An Act to incorporate the
Meadvillerßafik,';with # Capital of $1150,000,
this been - presented 'for iny consideration, to.
: - getlter winsothemprovidiag for
,' -the establish.
-meat of Sundry new Banks, to-be located a.s
*folloviri,- viz :-One. at Pittsburg; with a sapitg
: . s3oo,oo;ranothet at Allentown, Lehlgti
;t7;:sithae4pital of .$150,00b; anotkier_aadi_ei
;'-with acapital of 8153,0031 another atl9-irilolo;
a capitil of; §lop,oool another ist - New
•Ustte; Lawrence stountY, . a-c
. 0,1 of
- at030;006 sui3tlvir at Tamagna,'SelmirWill' co,
.ieith.a Capital of 8100,000; another at Much
Catbon co., with a =pal of $lOO,OOO ;
• st2Othor Pluenbiville, Cheater. county, With
a Capital 0f13200,000 ;mother at Sionovahela
City, 'Wallington coenty, with a capital of
: 4100,000 ; :also another, to , add . 6150,000 to
- Nturcapital stock 'of the Southwark Bank, in
: she countv , of Philadelphia.
'l3ince Ifie General Assembly' , has thus indi•
cited to me their Views - on the subject of in- 1
Xxisasing - the &akin Capital of the State, I
4mYO given the question,-in all its bearings, my
most anxious consideration- —have - centempla.
lel the probable effects of this firopised meas.l
mreven the interests of the whole people of i
. the State—.4man the laborer, farmer', merchant;
,antimannfocturer, and, bringing', to, the aid of
.:,iiiyjnizmant the lights furnished by the past
experience of the country, I have arrivedAtthe
-conclusion, that it is my solemnkluty, however
unpleasaut,.to differ with you on this subject.'
diszent-from the.wishes of the representa
.tives of the people, on a question of public
painful tome in the extreme; but to
- ;:shrink from' the'responsibility of performing a
\COOBCiOUd duty would be cowardly and crimi-
L ,
The proposed new Banks would add to the
present banking capital of the State an aggre
suin bl' about! 81,550,000, or , over ten
-met cent. on the active capital now in use, and
thus swell the present am-aunt, of our paper
- - Circulation to the extent of four or five millions.
'Whilst not, prepared to say, that at a
••41 - Zai - per :tittle a 'Bank might not be useful, if
if properly
have
at • some of the points
; name& have bad _no. difficulty whatever in
..B . 4tiSfying rril mill that there is at this time,
:no 'real nettessity - for such an extensive increase
of paper *May, nor that .if such an increase
:were perugned, the effect would be prejudicial
the_ true interests of the mass of the people
• and that it would exercise a demoralizing in.
.fluenee upon the bitsiness affairs of the State.'
The'ArnMediatu :effect would be, I have -no
dottlit to; enhance the nominal prices of all
- kinds of goods, and' property, by the'deprecia-
"ofof bank paper stindulating therebya spirit
of - Villa and fanciful speculation, begetting
' prodigality and idleness, the legitimate fruits
of an Inflated currency.
. • AU violent movements on this subject are
unwiite, sad especially injurious to the unwary
citizen: Ezpertence has demonstrated, that
ag sudden expansions and contractions of a,
paper currency, exercises prejudicial influence
ir on the - real prosperity of the country. Such
turned to the tentage of the shrewd capital
- tit, but the wurapectutg farmer or mechanic,
!linked - from his safe pursuit by the fair prom
ises or the expansion is crushed in his new ex
, poriment by the violence of the contraction.
• •
,But where is the evidence that so large an
lit's:ease Of 'he Banking Ca itaLis required
And why air thorizo atti at one
tiara ,21-I;rigttie official service of my two
last- pre*essors, covering a period of nine
Tears,'butrfour new Iltanks of issue were crew
and When has i Pennsylvania been more
'prosperous than during that time? When,
' • AMU! , first burthened by her heavy debt, did
liericredit Stand higher?; And wlien did the
labor - of her citizens reap a better reward
She hls, during the Iwholel time, stood erect—
'maintained her faitht r —and by the proper exer
•ci,se of her oVva inherent - element of wealth,
-km; boeri ;Steadily extricating herself from the
; *mbarrassments upon her by a spirit of prodi
,gality, tralsfused throughout the, whole-coun
try, as the consequence of, the expansion's of
pepsin:Loney to which I have already referred.
There are now nearly' 19 millions of Bank
ing Capital in the State, of which about four
mut a - half millions of dollars - are invested in
Moats, Tunas, &c., a business not:necessarily
•
Connected with' banking, nor contemplated in
the 'crtWion of-Banks. This fact furnishes
, some. evidence, that at times, there had been
• \; more Banking Capital than the legitimate bus.
mete of these institutions seemed to require,
t and certainly there' is nothing in.-he present
condition of the cottony to justify so large an
accr.sion to our paper mediunt.
* • * •* * •
,Ithink the aggregate banking capital of the
" State large enough, and that of the whole
cottatty too' large—much too large for the
„Istituto of- those pursuits cloS'ely pressed by
'foreign competition. But tbegreat monetary
Jiiiivement; which; at this time, would seem
- Wise rmd-riecessary, is not within control of a
&tee State. I have no hesitation in saying,
tha;,„ I ifieuld not, 'daring my official carer,
t; sanction the charter or re.eharter of any Bank.
.1t should, be my purpose to reduce rather than
'increase the paper. circulation. But a single
e member of this.confederacy twin do little more
than show a good example, and invite imita
lion The part 'of sister. States. Situated,
as we are,therefore, we can only make the h es t,
; •
of the circumstances which surround us—rc
; stiain the evil and promote the good, so far as
the influence of the State can do this.
i liave riot been insensible to the fact of the
reasoning in Ewer of establishing Banks in
• 'particular localities, as a medium Through;
' which toconduct heavy basiness tiansactions
;Audi should not Object to institutions for this
purpose srth'all the attributeS of a Bank, ea
cept„the to;creato paper money. it is
urged also, that Certain localities hoed what
are called;atik in,gfacilit ies,that Are now without
' Mich etzommodations, and that some or all of
thOso bills are only intended -to afford to such
plitens that which his already; been extended
to others.: lam free to admit that there are
baialities thus situated, and that it is intended
••by the bills in question to supply some of these .
stad iatre it practicable to them those facilities
• withoutinereasing the present amount of pa.
• Iper mottey, Or, in other words, if this end could
be accomplished by taking from localities. hat
tiow murifestly have too much, the evils'Of an
lir:retie of balking capital-which rhave-sug
- gested could not apply. But it cannot to my
afindlie. justified, that any inconvenience, snl
• feredby certain localities, should be regarded
ra paramount to the important considerations '
that seem clearly, at this time; to weigh against
?:sioir-inere'kse of the paper medinut of the State..
, • -Thi e s complaint : may , be.gradnally ast at ; rest
~..bereaXter;.should the considerations agriinitnn.
iu..reaae efiapital: - Continue; by refusing
!4**teileinks - tri -localities where there-is an'
' =';,ksicastistattehlacilities;.andslistribliting thenr
'-'0:11011411**111,.:0331t the_utmest care
jkagessupTf or 9. hare leartifid _by adi
edatgerpulf,Ooliefici to
'of aoutifir
•
greatly deficient in capital. I need not call to
mind the numerous Instances II tyhich banks
thus located hare misled the business ceramrt.
by:-their promises to pay, Without's dot:
lex in their vaults, and 'thenexploded, .to' thb
vast injury of the people. ; There are so many
arguments to sustain the truthfulness of this
positiop.thaknothing but my unwillingness tia
•
excite unpleasant "recolleetions restrains
from pointing 'out tho•partieulars Of some. Of
these occurrences. But I truskthai they may
not On that account, escape your reflection. A
bank, Created - for the use - only of those whit
desire to become borrowers, will not answer.
The mere corporate franchises cannot give it
all the elements of a good bank—the patrons
of such art institution must put money into its
vaults, beton they can draw any out,
In other lan g ^nuage, if a particular locality . be
poor, it wmU not be made rich by the possession
eta bank:possessing -no -better qualities than'
the right to, make paper Money. Tberemist
ba'not only a necessity for-such an, institution
bait leetiiinateliminess - and 'wealth in sail 10.
cality to - sustain it, Or.the -probabilities are
that thiii result will be disastrims.l , . It is not
always a 'prod argument in favor ot locating a
bank, at a given pohlt,to say, that it: is difficult
to get money. at such place. That inay be the
very town why public , interest find safety
would forbid such location. , Besides: it is to
this difficulty, to a great extent, that this com
munity is indebted for. its value. I ain quite
sure, that if it were made suffm:ently abun
dant to answer the views of some political
economists, it would neither be valuable nor
useful. The advantage resulting tO the par.
ticular localities in which these institutions ate
found are as a general principle, greatly over
rated..l. can bring to review in my mind a
vast district of the State, embracing' some
eighteen contiguous counties,-• all _flourishing
and prosperous, in which there isnot to be
found a single bank of issue; and yet I do net
see these areless prosperous than Counties fa.
voted with many Banks. A number of the
counties within the range to which .I refer,
were at olio time favored with banki, but:these
institutions hare failed and gone out of -exis
tence; and 'cannot perceive that such counties
are less flourishing than they were - when their
respective banks were in full operation.
This seclusion from banks, it should be re
membered, is not without its advanta"es, the
people of- such regions are, perhaps, fully re
warded for what they suffer in inconvenience,
by the protection that they thus enjoy, from
the force of commercial revulsions. What
they lose at the time of a bank expansion is
more than made good to them by their escape
from the full force of the contraction. A little
I reflection on the occurrences during, the peri
ods to - Which I have repeatedly made reference
will satisfy any one, that this is no Mere fanci
ful-idea, but a clear practical truth. I - !
I hare thus„ gentlemen, performed what; I.
regarded as an imperative duty. if I have
erred, it is an error of the ,head, and not, of the
heart.
Witmai
Executive Chamber, Harrisburg, Apr. 80 '52.
Hossith's Eloquence
Ori the 15th of March, when Kosanth, was in
St. Louis, he delivered a speech . commencing
as folows. As a specimen of the imaginative
it is, prehaps, - unsurpassed in proie in the
English language ;
"Ladies and Gentlemen—To-day is the
fourth . Anniversary of the Revolution In Hun
gary. Anniversaries of Revolutions are id,
most "always connected with the reollectiotis,
of some patriots; death-fallen on that day
like the Spartans at Thermopylae, miurtyrs Ofj
their devotion to their fatherland. .Almost in
Yt mgisaro c ***oo - ,..1M1M*1.."
or some proud tombstone, adorned •such a
day by -a garlandof evergreen, the pions offer
ing of patriotic tenderness.
ig o.
I passed the last night in a' sleepless
dreain ; and my soul wandered onj the mag
netic-wings of the past, home to my belored
bleeding land,,and I saw in the
with - the paleness of
grief, upon, their sad brows, trembling in the
tearless silence of that grief, gliding 'ov er the
church-yards of Hungary,find kneeling down at
the head of the grace, and after a short prayer
rising with clenched fists gnashing teeth, and
then stealing away tearless and silent as they
came; stealing away—because the bleed
hounds of my'country's murderers larked from
every corner on that night, and . on; this dny,
and lead to persons those who dare to show a
pious rememberance to the. beloved. To-day
a smile on the lips of a Magyar is taken for a
crime of defence vast tyranny, and tear
in his eye egnivelent to a revolt. ',And yet -I
have seen. with the eye of my home wander
ing sonl, thousands performing thO deed of
patriotic virtue. - .1
"And, I saw, more. When the plods Weil' igs
have stolen away, I saw the houered dead, half
risen from their tombs, looking to the offer
ings, and whispering gloomily,' still a cypress
and still no flower of joy ! Is there still ; the
chill ot winter and the gloom of night aver
thee, fatherland? Are we not yet 'revenged?"
and the sky of the east reddened I suddenly,
and boiled with bloody flames, ant• from ; the
far,- far • west, a lightning flashed like s star
spangled stripe, and within its light a yOung
eagle °Minted and soared towards the bloody
flames of the east, uncles he drew near, upon
his approaching, the bloody . flames changed
into a radiant morning sun, and a video from a
bove was heard.in answer to the question of
the •dead.; -
Sleep yet a short white—mine in the reven
ge ! I will make the Stirs of the west the sun
of the east !— and when ye next atvake; . ye
will find the flower. of 'joy upon your `cold
bed.' • . I - -
.
", And the dead took the wing ,of cypress
the sign of refierreetion, into their pony bends
and lay down."
,
Vir As some interest is manife.sted to
know how the vacancy on the Supreme Bench
is to be fitled,we annex XIL section of the
act of 15th of April, 1852, which relates to the
subject:
Section XIL In the eventOf any vaeahey
occurring in any Judgeship in this Common
wealth by, death, resignation, removal horn of
fice, the failure to elect or otherwise the Gov
ornor shall appoint a suitable per Son to fill
such vacancy until the first Monday in Doceni
her following the neat general election and'
the qualified electori shall et the next general
election, whieh shill happen thre calander
months after the vacancy shall occrir, elect in
the manner herein before provided,l a suitable
person to such office for the unexpired term
in the ease of Judgeship of the supreme Court
and for the term of office in case of any Other
Judgeship. . - • . - . !
Alstv passed both House last Weeliouith
°rising the Governor to appoint, in, the' case
of a vacancy, until the nest general election,
at which a person shall be ekted-for the full
terns iffifiren years, instead of for thii, une*pired
term--thet Constitution providingtbat
of the supremo Court shall bold their, offices
for the term of fifteen, years, if thiiy shali_so
long behavellictuselies •
Umtata Couirrr Lowort:LaW,4—A bill has
foulsed - the - Legislature, and received the! Gov
ernor's signature, prohibiting the Sate , of any;
:quality ; whatever •ofipirittione, vinous-or alt
liquor : A ;Lancaster ,c - ounty . on - the„Ohhath,
der a riettalty 42q for _each offence .i4lO
to go Vi the informer, who is tnaah a ii:Opet r
ent in' the ease. Theiaartakioeire e r,
•
immesiiately,' - - :( • ! 2.
I DEMOCRAT.
Irtio ILargelt tiroulation in Northern
Pennsylvania-163.2 Copies Wegirly.,
t-. & )3:: : :&P; .11::„ . CHASE, : ',Eiiicins.:. . 1
•
S I M entrUtte. : : • -
T11131118BAIIN:IfIAY. 11 3.. t 852. ja
•
Fot• Prealdent,
• • James' Buchanan. • =
Subject to the deci3ion of the National Con
' volition. '
Canal Commissioner,
William Searight;
of Fayette.
. .
A nownundcat,inn, signed "Veritns,"
yell' appear . next weeL
tal ; ' In another Plite, we publish the Con
gretwtonal apportionment Bill: which has past
id both Houses c f oramitte,of Conference,
and•been signed by the Goiernor. =Why not
now ajoura,zeiMlemeiit
As we promised,We Commence = this
week the publiCation of that story - from the
pen of Mrs. Pliant.. We.. are 'quite certain
our readers will , be delighted with it, and say
with us, when it shall be ended, that they hare
read mrentettaining, instructive, and beautiful.
Irwritten storY, It hardly gets commenced
in this number.
The Veto Message of Goiernor Em
ma publish,:in its most important points,
being obliged to abbreviate it , for want of
space: We hope it will bo read by everybody.
The mamas ofi thuipeople of the Common.
wealth should draw Governor Mom still clo
ser to their affections, for having promptly put
down this: scheme of 'enormous increase of
banking enpital ; for, from them—from their
sweat and toil cornea the banker's dividends,
drawn from them for the privilege of using a
paper currency, unsafe and unsound, when the
ConStitution of their country gives them
sound and 'pod currency, untaxed and untax.
able.
11a3F`' In to-day's paper we publish a . call for
a public meeting in Rexford, relative to .the
Mails. As we understand it, the Department
has forwarded orders for a daily mail from
Harford to Montrose Depot, Making the pay
for carrying it to $l5O per } , Car,--and not al
lowing that compensation unless the receipts
of the route shall amount to that sum.. This
is probably less than any one can carry it for,
and it strikes us that the proper way is to lay
the matter before the Department, and ask
that it may be corrected. In our judgments
the Department will; not be badly frightened
by any demonstration of this nature; The no
tice tame to us through the hands of that of&
elms, little, low-minded meddler, who has
lately been ousted from the editorial sanetnth
of the Register; and, without - knowing any;
thing of the bets, it looks to. us. very much
like movement of a to..ttninestori24 ktny . F . At'
nerere-.4tr-goes - Probably. he Is
bursting with sentimental eloquence, at the
thoi,ghts of leaving ;the scenes and place of
of his youth,and wants an opportunity tomake
a speech on the occasion !
jhe. oraiect of a daily Mail to or through
Harford is a,good one, and ; we much dislike t o
see a movement set on foOt that may 'Crush
the whole thing, or hasty and improper means
resorted to. Perhaps wa are all wrong in our
information, and therefore pass no judgment
upon it.
The Press
Sail the immortal Sheridan,—“give me the
liberty of the Press, and I will shake down
corruption from its height, and bury it be
neath the ruins and abuses of ages."- And it
is so. The greatest conservator of every pub
lic interest,—the protector of all public and
priCate rights,—the most necessary guardian
of the natural rights of man,—the shield of
Liberty, that shall preserve republican institu
tionS from decay,---an instructor, the teachings
Of which are more potent than, perhaps, all
else, in the moulding of public sentiment, and,
the formation of unyielding public prejudices,
7 -we say; the most perfect instrument for the
accomplishment of all these, "is the public-
Press, when . , bold, fearless and independent in
its tone, and when its liberty is kept - within
well defined and prudently exercised limits:
All nsurpers of their fellow's rights,—all
' monarchists and monarchial governments, in
the -pursuit of subjugation for the supremacy
of their principles, the perpetuity of their pow
er,and the security of their governments against
insurrection and 'overthrow; have first closed
the liberty of the Press and destroyed all its
vital independence. This has been found nee
. eqsAry for two prominent 'reasons. First, that
the people mak be, kept in ignnorance of pass
ing events, of political aspects, of the corrup-
tion of their rulers and of their own natural
born rights. Second, that when ready to sac
rifice everything to obtain a redress of griev
ances, that.there may be no strong current of
opfaion, no possible eoncert , of action restating
from such rm'oPinion as the Press may give
direction to. Provided against this, the oppo
sition of millions is eisily subdued, no conger:
ted movement, backed
,up by an iiresistable
public Sentiment, being able to form.,
Thus, patent is the PFess, the world over.—
To tuorinrehi, its . liberty is more dreaded than
hayonetsr of steel in the hands of invaders, be.
cause it; opens the throats of cannon at the
base of Thrones, from which is thundered
forth the downfall of despotism. And in a
government like ours, resting solely upon 'the
Intelligence and virtue of the peoPle, it is whol.
ly indisPensable.• To govern themselves at all,
they mast act intelligentlY, and how can they
net thus, or be informed, save by the full and
free use of faithful Public jearnals that shall
come like=constant visitors=-41se faithful
friends and monitors? Its liberty is also in
dispensOle to prevent .Publie Men—our law.
give* from abasing their`poWei,and from be
ing corrupted by inordinat e;ambitinn: Those
men fear thn ArgniiinentinY nt . the Press, and
their jugmenta'are influenced a n d sitrangthened
fo overcome tniPintini;-lifP-Fi when 0/Ai:el
ple hie faleeine Pelves:leak );
the Vrini hn thus important, *7in rind
hi , Yond 'All ' 'it i 92 important lat-tiefinfle€nes's
should stifle its in. ependence, and corrupt its
power. Narrow-minded prejudices, whether
~_
of party;sect; cre 9, or, interest, personal or
i
local,.shotfid boo aitished from its columns
and never cent to the healthines and pu
rity . ,
of its , tone an temper. Otherwise, corn-.
'lnuit)? may be ,d. ped,
,inliosed tpon,..sacri
ficed and plantiered. . It Imebecome quite gen
eral at the present day, for combinations of in
ilivicluals, having pecuniary interests, personal,
motives and private selfishness to serve, to
rally tionnfi a Press, privately control its tone
and shape its course. Such combinattons are
dangerous', and their Press more dangerous
still. - Through it, they silently sow a poison
-
ous seed,-distill , baneful influence. There
t community can protect
Press, but to show their
a m d 'atl is l c r o es u t nt a e - n ttal ce i i n nc o k v.ery of
rt
business. . Such a course;
_proper,..will not only 'en.
I ndependence into the spirit
•stlY Conserve the public
is no other Way tit
itself against such:
total_ displeas
confidence,-in sh.
pratieular, all such
while. it in just.
courage, but force
of the Press, and
good..
IaLEII 'has tendered the va-
Supreinci Bench to Juke
bsbarre„tivint till yester
r. Ne have not learned
eepted or not, but opinion
• , — that he will decline the
be an ornament to tho po-
ar Governor
cant seat on the
Woodward, ttf WI
day for an maw
ivhether ho hmt
seems to set it dot•
honor. Ho would!
e Naihi and Stages.
Changps int
s
E g4" rie o.f rOad y h ll y ig t t h h e e E ladi xpre o ss u
.:rk morning Mails are r_ e:
four or :fiVe o'clock in
lie passenger Train on the
Vesterirßoad leaves Great
of the Express Mail Train
Passengers can thus leave
By - a recent c h
the New York andll
Train, the New Y
coivo at Montrose 11
the afternoon'. 11
LaekaWanna and Vi
Bend on the itniva
about two o'clock.
New York in, the .. orning by this line, and
ec
should do - so, to r h the Lackawanna Train,
instead ofcorning t in the Mail Train, which
reaches Great Bend at half past six, as here
tofore. The mail hetween Tunkhannock and
Montrose,.entho oldrouto, will now be car
ried tri-weekly only, tit% great Southern Mail
being brought °tithe L. &N. R.. R. By this
arrangement, j! the connection 'between Mon
trose and . I,Vilicesbarre, and Philadelphia, is
much facilitated. The stags will now leave
this place for Moutrose Depot, at nine o'clock
in the morning, and two in the afternoon.
Travelers, wishing to go either East or West
on the Erie, by leaving hero at nine, will be
at the Bend in time to take either Of Your
Trains, ail of, which, pass that place • tvithin
four hours time.
' Oar awina - Iters • -
Our tenislatu a still Continues in session,
and makes no:demonstration towards adjourn::
, 1
ment. They' hate passed file appropriation
Bill, and included a section voting themselves
full pay tor the-time of their sitting over - the
hundred : days ;.. - 'We must
_confess ourselves
annaked ikeiskrid , measire .Wthe netion,—or
properTicv,=l,4lEirifiC. Repre
resentati*AV9._Poelmotiwealifklliji Sei - -
side. What' coNo Id become of kelifair name,
—oh, tnore, antwould. he - F:0100 . of her near
est and most vi interests; were not -the in
corruptible Bic nat:the helm, is more than
we dare prophee . For the past three years,
the history of our legislature—unwritten in
its darkeit;Spo' is a history of , shame and
corruption: Th Press of the State owe it as
a duty, to speak lout boldly and plainly on this
T.
subject, unple.s4t though it be, and thus lay
early the:ground' work of Reform. Thcpeo
phi only need to he enlightened on this subject
and their'voice, full -toned and potential, will
bo heard and heeded. The following remarks
from the Pittsburg -Post, relieves us from wri
ting by ei:presSing our mind, partially, at least.
Some dajr, ivhen our pen is more ready, we
shall continue i
" Reforms co .. mence When evils are unen
durable.le In'otr legislative bodies, State and
National, the gr wth of iniquity Is becoming
so rank that the cry will soon be universal to
cat it down. •T e halls of Congress have be.
come Mere gard ns for brutei to bait each oth
er; and the pr ope rty of the nation is stir:ren
dered and hart red , away - thron,gh influences
which obtain ni tery over the _ honor -and' in.
tegrity,of the presentatives of the people.
The letter-write : from Washington, without
distinction of p , ty, complain of the imbecility
and-corruption .f our public men, and in their
actions we • see no evidence that those
charges are un e. .But, it is nearer home
that our attentiLn is . most called for, and re
forms are most needed. - It is a common re.
mark in the s : ets, that any legislation•tan be
obtained in Ha' isburg with money. So little
i l
confidence hav the;people.in the integrity of
its members,+ t whenever any legislative toe
tiOri is wantd the first enquiry made is, "How
much will it cost ?" But to whom does this
moneygo? We do not say 'always' to the
members, for as little as we regard .their vir-
Axle and intelligence, we dare not- believe that'
they are so to it to decency as to be openly rte
• ceasible, It gees to another set Of legislators
who manage the wires:and play with - the.pup-.
pets—we; mean the "Boers. :- These vain
pyres, hang .
,about 'Harrisburg,- and .initiate
I thetnielies int 9 all the secrets of the members,
and all the trio ts of legislation.. :',By menace
and flattery they control the one, and . by. 11.
Besse and fats hood they effect the other.—
1 With unblushing impudence they accost every
.person who gos to the Capitol, and if he does
not Confide_allthii wants to, them, and pay'
Vieth in proportion to their importance, he is
sure to lose; his object.-- The "Borer" bribed,
lie goes to work; and knowing his - men, and
timing his operations, he gets what be-wants,
no matter' how, prejudicial it'-may be to the
public intereste. -The members. are - generally
too obtuse to;imdent.tarui anything, and they
vote as they ate prompted by the supple scowl;
diets who think for them.. Pay. the " Borer" -
to-day, and yelir bill is, passed; let some
one pay him allittle more to-morrow,::andlthe'
stet of:yesterday is rescinded. And it is n_cir-•
rious.tact thatlthe members of the. district will, -
. half IQ-time, know nothing about the whole
matter. T.. If these evils arelibt'abated,-Sll re-.
gard will lies for- Oar - -institutiOna ' 'We
have confidence, - however, in, the virtue of the
people, and itstWe ' salk .whenr.. endurance be
comes . unendurable, 'reform will : begin- its
wholesome openitions.. - Heri:of virtue - and in-,
telligenie Wilk be: ticketed' ta guard the: public :
interestened .O°l3OW-its: welfare; :then Our
la , Ani wilEberOpenterL...-.W0 .. think•:thetime
for etch rtrefiOnn is at liand... iftbe evils haie .
.net'Yet reicho. - their .cultninatinelioint;:We
linve - tidtterl lifittr.eitithate-Aef , pUblie
pit'serivjty;;ffWe. must have less legislation. -: A
large p?rtiorketthelnts*ssAtte.-at Hatois;
IrurgterAhthitrtglsacted bithe - Countyernutei.
- *h ere : e -, :hispott9ibility . - 44 justice reats3=-
NnitderStilb *inter friiiii. , : 'Potter arid :31%
. _
, .
keen know about the propriety of opening a
now street in Pittsburg; or the justness `of
granting a divorce to a citizen of Washington
county'! 'Bathe. ' Borcr.." him the di
vorte should be-granted, becanse: the appli
cant bus paid -his fee; and that the street is
not wantekbeczome the &donors have failed
to miso the money:to bribe him. if the Press
throughout the State would takelold of this
subject, the. good - Wink would seen. be accom
plished; and as:the Press is the thiponent of
public opinion, wsa will look to it for the-tnor
el fruits - which-are the 'growth of an . honest
and - pge sentiment ever abiding.with the' pea
POSSIIIPONDICOCit 6/1 , TU pIINOCBAT.
Letter from Oregon,
OREGON CITY, March 19th, 1852.
Dear Sim—lt has long been raj intention to
write you in relation to, my
.whereabouts, and
give ou -some idea of this far-off country,
which' I have made my tomptirary home for
some nine months past. '
- Although the - readers of your palier may
never have entertained the slightest idea of
visiting Oregon', still many of themhave doubt
less experienced athicks of the Califona fe
ver; and when -they are told that a greater
country than,the golden El too4uict is here, per
haps they would be interested in knowing
something more definite about so famed a
clime than theyderive from the ordinary, news
paper accounts.'
In tha first place, Oregon is a &eat way off—
even seven or eight hundred miles farther (to
those who travel by sea) than California—yet
for all practical purposes, it is only five or six
weeks' distant from the Atlantic States. Let
tem go and come with such regularity that
persons here can calculate within two or three
days the timeof receiving answers to their I
commanications.' In fact, our letters and pa.
pers come to hand so promptly that I scarcely
ever think of the distance that separates me I
from home. The great bulk of the population
of this country come hither over land, but they
make as little' ado about having "crossed the
plains" as people used to in earlier days about
having verformed a journey to New York by
the Newburgh Turnpike; and those who have 1
lived here long eaough - to appreciate , the ad-I
vantages of the country, often' idly they would
willingly perforin the journey overrigain were
they back again in the States--so, apt is hill
man nature to forget the trials and dangers
passed through, and to remember only the
"brighter side of the picture."
The most important advantage this country
possesses over the Eastern States, is in the
climate, whichis far more agreeable than I had
anticipated previous to coming here._ Through
the summer the weather is very uniform: rain
seldom fall 3; and although often through the
'day tho sun is ie . !) , hot, yet after it has gone
down the air: iieool'and pheasant, and remains
so till sunrise again. It is always quite cool
in the shade. The winter, which is called the
min) , season, is so much milder than East of,
the Mountains, that it hardly seems like ii•Win'
ter at all; especially to one accustomed to the
_latitude of Northern -Pennsylvania. . - During
the past winter.the•mercury has rarely bee
_
lielowlh ° L-treezin •gitilintalad knt-a'
tion of the.time_ as low as , that. I have •nr
bear-upa man: in fact, thei — ichave — been
'fair nights coid enougli to produce lee-fit all.
Through the entire month of February the
weather resembled the pleasantest May weath=
er at home. Until the first of the present
month not a flake of snow fell ; but thereims
been three or four inches of snow since, which
only remained on a day or two. Grass has
been growing all winter, and cattle get good)
feed and keep in good order without the least
care of the part of the farmer. All our beef
cattle are brought directly from the pasture
said sjanghtered, being sufficiently fat for the
market. Oregon is a fine country for raising
stock, on account of the little care neerqsary to
be taken of cattle through the Winter, and the
small' amount of labor required to procure
food for.them. Many farmers own hundreds
Of cattle, and yet cultivate but a few acres
of ground,—barely sufficient, in many
ses, for their own sustenance. A man who
has-a ood claim, and is able to commencti the
raising of 'stock, can grow rich with very little
effort. tdo not think the soil, generally, is as
rich 'as the prairies and 4 bottoins" of Illinois
or Wisconsin; but the wheat crop is far more
certain, and yields more bountifully; and so
with oats and many other crops. Potatoes
grow mast abundantly on the bottom lands of
the Columbia and Willamette rivers, where
they are produced of great size and superlin
finality: Corn has not yet been extensively
cultivated: it is thought That the coos nights
of summer retard its growth; still, some fine
specimens have been produced in certain lo
calitie& • •
It is thought, this will be a fine fruit grow. 4
ing country, as success has thus far attended
the efforts of those who have turned their ati ,
tention to the subject. What is remarkable
in regard to fruit and berries of different kinds
iii Oregon, is their being
.so much more acid
than the same kinds are is the Estern Stater:.
Whortleborries, although they are like those
in the East in other, respects, aro quite acid,
and are very fine for pies &c I.iLst fall I saw
magnificent peaches that-were raised near Se,
lem, on the Willamette, some fifty miles south
of this place. St3veral -orchards in the, imme.
diate vicinity of Oregon city last . season prop
duced large quantities, and although they were
small and inferior, yet they were readily sold
for five and site dollars per bushel. Apples,
common smali varieties, sold for four dollare
per
,bushel and, fifty cents per doien!
,But prices, here are wry fluctuating. Last
summer, when I arrived here, potatoes !vs!e
selling foefour dollars per bushel, new at one;
Flour at seven or eight dollars per 100 lbe:,
now at five; Beef at from 15. to 20 cents per
pound, now at 9 or 10 cents. Pork, bacon and
hams :are. still high. Smoked hams sell for
274 cents.:_ Eggs, until this spring, have been
worth $ 1; now they are thought cheap at 69
cents, and,great quantities are sold to : supply
the home consumption, and _ the,mings and
ifbruia markets. ,The facilities , for supplying
prodnee of all kinds; and the high prices paid
in Califernia, , ter it, have bees the, means of
keeping up . ,the, priest! here. :Goods of, all
bb3ds_ars.VerY law in consequence of.the Mrip
ket,belng overstocked. bloat of the ordinary
articles can be bought : nearly as`low.as in tips)
intener of the Eastern States.- -The prices of
•
labor, are also very variable. Last summer
from five to , eightidollans were paid for etn;:,
mon and mechanical labor the past,; Winter!
from two_ to Aye has been the ordinarY-range}
of prices. The stability of the prices of labor
dependsalmost.altogether , upon tlic state of
the gold excitement. So long ns as labor
so high the resources of Oregon will - be but
slowly developed. Towns cannot spring up
innday or n month as. they do beyond the
mountains; nor can much improvement be
anywhere made.
The peculiar featurOs of the`Oregon Land
Law also impede the prosperity of the cond.,
try; although some of its features undoubted
have a tendency to increase the number of.
the population:. The Land Law provides that
all whonre in this country previous toDeeetn
ber, 1850, to a'Adonation of 640
acres of land, if married, and 320 if single.—
All who arrive subsequent to that period re
ceive half `the amount, provided 'they "reside
upon and cultivate the same for four consecu-
Om years." Such large donations 'of land
necessarily make the settlements sparse ; pre
vent the building,iip of, villages and the estab
lishment of good Schools;and scatter the year
ly emigration over avast extent , of country.—
Thus a few are enabled to absorb the, best of
the land, and whoeter may hereafter wish, to
becoine .their neighbors must pay their price
far the privilege. Many of thei3e early set
tlers made their
- "piles" iOCalifornia when the
mines were first Opened;,buittely till contin
ue to fill up their old chests with the hard dol
lars they receive from miners and emigrants
in exchange for their cabbages, iotatoca, and
cattle. So accustomed] to exorbitant prices
have they become, that s nrie of them grumble
teiribly because.they can now get but. fifty
cents per dozen for their eggs; at the same
time make awfully wry facWwhenscalled up
on to pay fifty cents per meal and the_ same
for lodging. I have known them to come in
to town in their covered; wagons and eat and
sleep in them to save paying a small sum to
those who pay them such extravag,int prices
for their "garden sass," 01m,. , This does not,
however, characterize all! the Oregonians ; but
it goes to show that there are some men who
"are .just as close and illiberal with thousands
as with hundreds. In former times, previous
to the discovery of geld, money . was exeeed
ingly scarce here: barter was pretty much the
only trade known, A silver dollar then was
almost an infallible "remedy for sore eyes;"
but now-a-days it is a very common occurrence
to see a man lugging-about a shot bag of spe
cie or a leather sack of gold dust. A man
now counts out, his ingois,oso pieces) with
much 'greater carelessness 'than he formerly
did his Mexican' dollars. •
If. you will take tio. the. map of the world
and compare tho:site of "Oregon with that of
' States, you will see
that' it is'eapabloTnf ; beinteut up into several
as largo when you take in.
to consideration: th that very nearly the
•
being inhabited i
ips get - I
- ,beepatix
Our greak . M:eil;
agricultural and
Id,saltibricift s elk;
mate, and itsMagnifieent Scenery, it has a glo
rious future, •
.Between the Coast and Cdseade ranges of',
mountains a great portion Of the country is
covered with timber, principally of-the differ
ent varieties of fir. In many places the,tint
her grows to an astonishing height, and gen
erally straight as an arrow. "You may have :
'some idea of the size when hell you that it is
not uncommon, in going through the woods,
to encounter a fallen tree that would require
a long ladder to climb over it withtrees from
ten to fifteen feet in diameter. Such 7 ; large
treks are easily felled by a simple , process;
which requires very little labor :—Notches .are
cut or augur holes bored near the roots of the
trees, and fire is kindled in them, which con
tinues .to burn until the. tree falls by
,its own ,
weight. I have seen large tracts that have
heen cleared in this way. 'But there are few
claims taken where there are not sufficient
open spaces for cultivating. These open spay
ces, from five to a hundred acres in extent, oc.;
cur often in the timbered parts. In the most
settled districts, there are
,extensive prairies;
well watered and very'productive. My own
observations have. been confined almost entire
ly to the country bordering, on the Colunibia,
as far, up as the mouth of the W)i lamette, and
thence up .the latter river to this place., So
much of theyallies as can be seen in passing
up and down these &ors, are covered with
apparently,dense forests. All Meng there are
fine mill sites, many of which are occupied
and manufacturing large quantities of lumber,
which is shipped to California., Some of the'
mills are so situated that vessels are loaded
directly from the saw—the water being so
deep that vessels can lie close along side.
Of some of the most thickly settled pOrtions
of the Willamette valley r have gained' very
accurate knowledge in making the Township
maps from the government surveys." •The
prairies and timber theta appear to be so in
termingled that almost every , claiin has a frac
tion of timberatni a slice of prairie,: all trav-
ersed by nnmerou,s streams. Except the prai
ries the Country, is decidedly hilly, .but the
hills are.not so abf npt as to make their culti
vation difficult, and the soil is said• to be as
productive on the high lands as in the valleys.
The goverment surveys are progressing rap
idly; but most of the work " s 4as to be ..done in
the summer and with the Solar- Compass, on
account of the frequent change of variation,
where tho magnetic needle cannot lx) depended
upon. The general variation is about twenty
degrees easkbnt it Lt sometimes as low, as
fourteen, and aa high as thirty. . At present
there are somo'nine or ten steamboats., of va
rious 'sizes running upon the Columbia, Will
amette, and 'many of, them doing "good busi
ness. Two boats over a hundred
above the city on tho Wilhunettis caTryitig a
great deal of freight, which. , g9es .through
Southern" Oregon tuid Northern California.,
- The mail will leave soon and.l must slose,
Ifoi)lng yiiu eicuse the discennec
bur Manner. in which'Sda ,ikWritte9, and
promising to lot you heui;foin me again.
Truly. yew's;
@;' .We clip the 101 l •• tristi.the Wash
logien torreepoildeuce Orli° Spri4flekt Dai
lk Post. A high And -inerited corepliineit is
paid' to our worthy Representative h Cott-
grees...l - c.- •
Them: scorns to be'sn-irreconcileble 'age
•--;the';
•
iri. , the wing party caused by a disposition on
the part - of , Scott's: friends - to have him' the
3viiig nominee, without a platform, I. e., to keep
mum on the compromise measures, or rather •
to occupy the
_position of the - cooper's Ow—
" both sides of the creek." Hosts of the somh.:
ern members aro " dead_ sot" 'against - General
Scott, and, in' favor, of Fillmore. The time
was when they went for "men, not for piaci.,
ples",but now they show some symptom's of
a delerthination to sustain no Man who
not, say openly, boldly, and unequivocally, 'that
he is mfavor ofßie " fugitive slave bill." ''S o
nmelifor.thisouthem,whigil,Who. inhabit the
metropolis, The Seetfwing of tho party the
northern "whigs - say give " Let
us run Gen. Scott, and say nething about his
whiggery, or views-upon any riubjeet—meiely
- place 1116 id nomituttion; with - zt satire drum
attached, and "let. him run." • They reason
this wise : " Why," they - say,'" have vre ;not,
always-ken defeated with - our-principles as=
issue ; -and have we not elected UV° presidenti
by "laying- low" and "keeping mum?" Such
is the reasoning of - the - Scott wing of the inr
ty, and notwithstanding
,Mrailhall of Ky., and
Williams of Tenn. have openly &menaced
Scott,'as a political coward, I predict his nom
ination by the Whig convention, if one is field,
(of which there- is"much doubt, consideiiag
the fight which is going on at the capital,) to
a certainty. The prevailing opinion here is,
that, Sam Ballston, old "Rough and , Tumble,"
as he has been called in battle, could beat the
combined forces of whiggery to death, - while
either of the other candidates may do H.—.
While a certainly attaches itself to Houston's
election, the election of the other democratic
candidates is somewhat problematical, in oPpo
sition to Scou,"who will arouse the military
feeling of the country, frem one, extreme, to ,
the -other. Bonfires and ilhiminations will ba
the order of the day, as in '4B, when old Zack,
rode "old whitey' into, the "white hotiie,!*
through the front door. Such is the effect of
military character upon the, masses, that they
seek to reward it with the highest honors,— .
The democratic . party, powerilil ns it is, /!as
b een beaten by this. samo military glory, and
maybe again, unlesl3 wisdom governs their
nomination. A skillful mariner seldom nuts
his ship upon the same reek a second
The Hon. Mr. Grow, of Point, the youngest
member of the House of Ropresentatives,made
one of, the most eloquent speeches ever. deliv.
ere.' in'that body, upon the right of man !to
the soil." He was approaefred by mane of the
oldest members upon the eonclusion of his
speech, and complimented by their congratula.
lions. Mr. Grow is a self made man, and the
Keystone State may
-well be proud of such a
representative.
- _
The Potter Union also has the following
xtract. It would pleaie us to uotice moreof
the encomiums showered _upon Mr. Gaow, by
the Press in all sections of the country, were
it not that he is so well appriviated by the
Masses of our people. The - subject of. his
speech commends, itself so warmly to the
minds of the masses;and tho speech itselfia
so full of noble sentiment arid generous, patii.
otic. feeling, that both unite to give the young
orator a vide spread celebrity...
G. A. Grrow.—.4V,.e haVe received a-copy of
this gentleman ' s. speect lately delivered in tie
House of Representatives - at Washington, In
favor otLandKeferta and
,0 HAnusatmg•
• • 4 , 1i-i,&.vertralli . V.Tl r 3 " -
e.regret-that that ' cannot puohsh, it at-pres..
ent; , One °film youngest meta.
ben a thelle - use; and at the, same time one
_of the shiest. The Democracy of Pennsylva.
nia may well - he proud of such a Represents.
tire. Higher Honors await him. "1""'
' • . April 28, 1852.1
•
At a meeting of the Montrose Lyceum held
at the Mee of 8.. T. Case, Dr. G. Z. Ihm* -
was called to the Chair, and F. A. Case
pointed Secretary.. •
Whereupon Vim. H. lessnp, L. F. Fitch, *
and J.C. Miller being appointed a committee ..
to draft resolutions relative to the decease of
our late President, 'reported the following
which were unanimously adopted. . ,
. Whereas, by. A
a' recent dispensation of PlT
deuce, our Society has been deprived by death
of the
. serviees of our late worthy l'resident,
therefore, '
Resolved, That in the recent death of H. R.
McKune, WO mourn the loss of an efficient o f.
ficer, a valuable member of our society, and;a
good citizen.
Resolved, That his conduct while 'with us
has gained , the esteem of all who knew him,
and while we mourn his loss as a friend and
brother we believe that supported in death by
a hope in Christ as his firm reliance, ho has
passed to his rest on high. '
Resolved,' That while another link has beep
struck from the - golden chain of friendship,, ylt
we still feel
.its'ionnence drawing us away
from earh to those
scenes which he is enjoy
in,. •
- Resolved, That We extend our sympathy to.
his afflicted parents and friends in This mourn
ful dispensation.
Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions
be published in the newspapers of the county,
and transmitted to the friends of the deceased.
• G. Z. DIIIOCH, Pres..
F. A. PASE, See'y.
Imiiroved Locomotives.
Two Marge and powerful Locomotives, with
seven feet driving wheels, says the ." Reading
Gazette. and Democrat," are now being con
strutted at the Machine Shops of the Rea
ding Railfoad Company in this city, after plans
by Mr. Mmtatot.t.a.on, and under his immediate
superintendence. They will embrace his new
and important , improvement of burning anth
racite coal which we believe has been tasted
so as to render its priteticability beyond doubk
The locomotives are desined for drawing the
passenger. trains. and it is intended as soon as
they are placed upon the road, which will be
in two or• three weeks, to run the train through
from Pottsville to Philadelphia in 3 1.4 to
3 1-2 hours. including stoppages, which will
be an average speed of nearly 33 miles an
FaSt travelling (: hat but as our Yankee
neighbors 'would say rt can be did
IMPORTANT mit.x:—A bill has been roper
ted to the House of Representatives' by the
committee of Ways and Moans, • to- tax- con
cealed property. It is supposed that a large ,
amount of - money at interest escape taxation,
a matter - which 'the nut= is deslned to remedy.
The Assessors of • the, ComMonwealth shall;
after the' first of. Juno next, apply &
some Rang like postoffice in:o4m suppsi 2 -....
to the - face of emery bond, note, or other seu?
wily for the Raiment' of Money,- making. an,
Impression with indelible ink on every security.
ftssessed for' _1852," orwhatev,er year the,
assessment tray be Made:• .•
• .
rirConnterfit s's on the (armors` and Me-,
chunks' itank,gataton,: pa.; aro in
4 . largo et in thdeentro of the bill, with own
tuutowing and - sowing. seed on tho right, And.
a wan plovvinvon the, left of it--a figure and,
two V's on the right end, and the word five en
the -loft,