The ituote.raus fraudsiwhich continue te practised upontiikxeverme by false invoices raid undererdtiliklikk4stetiti tin ntibitst#ra ble reason - for tdoptiug SpeSffits-ine4ad 4: erilorem duties in Sll:eases where the " nattir of the-Cothneditssrees trotlerbidlt.' A:etri-- 1 Ling illottrit)ioa - Of,,the!e frauds trlll.be ttKd intlitiiitepo s ti of the 'Secret* of the tree - sure, Showing, the eastern house vales- Lion of articles itnyoetsAunder a priper_ law s ''S'r r .7l.ieet to spear,"duties, When tikere was -no Iltducenseni to undervaluation, and the cos -trim house •raluations oftthe same articles, en dife-th4frojigtr-iyareni-rif iihtoriiirifdritiee," l'lYfil4rT4ll.o as t°'ilaveil°.o°9 l 4• , ? r l the eXeiteisi;ilohlie-morrtlfairant l ilatisettidr slowesiatil a f o T a Y' l l m ' • PrgseetAlr,Porttiied, with the languish. -Fendi_tiOn IfOtet..of the great interes ts of tia? cgt4o-$ IMPortstione and COFte99e4tAeffetetedPriceinnd. with-the- fed 4F4ien#Ainlitg 4 fOrgilletottrhet - fgr.lsor argislittg pluaiuf . yreado l ori rind provistons, inituied,olumin to! reettaufrendn, mgdia oct.litexistingurift ,4errieraa:t a erthe-Stieretary (tithe interior, Ifliiebeccautpaiiecthis temmunication, will pmritat•condensedatatement •of the °Pero tl**;:sl.l- that imPertant , deportment of the gov 4rra-arlo,-.. • - _ ;lt wi11„6.-speatliat. the ,rash_ sales of: the latabliclands eseeed these_ °title proeeding that ,there. I§Te4tto-to_ tiMiciaate , • a Still-",further--increase, , notwithstanding, the lergliAmaationsyltich have beerimarle to naany, of the Statlrs, and the ltheml, grants, to - indi- Osa FF.waril.-tiir military . Serrices- Tbia,fackfernishes • very , gratifying -evidence rif tie_ 9:rwirt; wealth and prosperity ; of our Saltable measures liavo • been adopted for loremencingthesurrey- of the,public lands in Califooia. o 4 -Meg"- .547°.11ng ratios there .been organized, -mad some, progress has I '•'° l3 °4149..i0 establishing tho--Princiaal base -end merrina linos . put , further legislation and ionaleppreprlations will_ be neres shry before the proper ,eularlivis ions er.n be exrde, and the , genet,' !fuel 'system extended Sver:thoSexemote:partSof our territory. , Oa *he 3,i-or Ewell iaat, an set was passed providing for the appointment of three commis - Aden . = f,,0 settle : private; land elaims in Califor., nab. Three persons were immediately of whom, however, declined accep ting -tali afir.4, in . consequence of the in 'Cllll43'll: af the . compensation. Others were promptly selected, who, fat% the same -reason also declined; and it %errs net: until late, in the season that the services of suitable ,persons could bd secured- A majority of , the corm ; -wisdoms convened in this , city, on the 10th .ef .4eptemlary last, when detailed:instructions •were given tb them in- regard to their' duties. Their first rneetimr, for the transaction of bus iness will be •held in Ban Fri/misery on; the ,eighth - day of the Preseet Meath._ UM thoughtit proper to. refer ,to, these facts, not only to explrun' thecauses_ of..the ,delay In filling the commission, but, to eall sour attention to. the propriety of increasing I the compensation of the commissioners. The Attlfiailis,senriof great labor and respensibility . • " - '" • • nsatielysherthi—lie-erietr , a= 4--I ‘ , •o° 01 ! 1 ,_ sa men of-ictogo order : of, talents, and snd Pin most unquesh , onable integrity. l i be propar disposal of the mineral, lands of Calithttia is wsubje'et surrounded by great dkenfties.- In my bast annual message Iree , stomendod the survey and sale of , them in smallimmets, under such restrictions AS would effeetnally guard egainst menopelysnd specu lation, 134 ripen farther information, and , in ideferense to the oPinicns . .pexamitt.familiar with the subject; I an/ inclined to.ehapgo that s:ecommendaticu, and 'to _advise that they be 'Portiattea to remain , -4 4 at present, a-common, tea, open to theenterprise mid industry of' ail our citizens, men:farther experience , shall bare elev . eloped_theliest policy to be ulthuate kadopted in , repa, rd i to them . It is , safer to star the inconvenimicea that Dawes's% fora abet/ Period, than, by premature legislation,. to fasten on the country a systemSenniled latettr...ivhiChAttaLra,4._ stile *hale subject be. yowl the future control of Congress.. z: Tie agricaltUrall bind; -sh ould, -however. be surveyed : and brought into market with -msslisetedelay pessible,. that-,the , the titles , zuv. heantue settled, _end the jnbabitents 1 inintialated _to make permanent improve-1 sucti44 - atid ento. Mt the ordinary pursuits I ""To effect thesti objects it' "desi sshlo ibifthe necessary provisions be:made bylaW for the establishment of land dales • in .California and Oregon, and for .the ef6-- .elent prosecution ofthe surveys at an ear ly, -• • •-• • - _flume difficulties have occurred in organ the teriitortal. . governments of New. Mealci,4tand.,triab'iand,when no:citrate isformeil n !Anil be obtained Of toe' causes , , a further Mut:deaden will be tiade' on I communication ' C ingress I recommended the establish mac! of 'tin Agrieultural Donau, • and • I take this vecakinn again to invoke fa- Totablevonsideration of the subject~:: . ;Agriculture may. be regarded as oue_ori the great interests: of the_ people. s F6ar-I fi - thelof our intiveopelation ,ares employ. : a it? the , Oultivation. . the soil, and the iiiiitE;expeesion .of orir Settlements over' .amr'Serritory, is daily adding tti the ours- her ;Otitis+) engaged in that vocation.— Air* itittlittund policy; therefore; since 1 segiiip) tho‘itie government 'should . use all she meseisathonsed by; the cooititutirm,-1 io *tie butte' sts and Welfare of that inkimitfoOges Of our fellow-eitizens. , Audi yet it -iemetalptlar,fact that, "whilst the; loalicifiesming• >am& commercial - Interests lisle Ougago44lol4Y.'nt-joug Congress-do rbig,elarge,yortion AVerY. : , - no.F O P, And our *kites abound in iirkibionsfei•Abeii,, giro:Mtn:lnland eneriMingentent;-fittlo..., has ;r a done direetly ,ter•tbn adVabee; saint of agriculture. It - vepresetrt6 nor le tslation *lnauld - 14 '63; sionift4sial laincerely 116006 A t h e'oo: eeVOtaigreskinllF4sen dose' their labia* with4m4nyting - kflicient - means te*iirlY the .1)04 moncof.-thetWano. ,- have preceded: 111-0 FAtiAfiP oll , o ,tiPt - - 404.-AisPgf*Palisug evrto K , A 4 # -I- k 1a4":44.°/I'e ' l'legn4 sa e Ottidtki ual if* ifisfiang the fertility the ioil,'And of - procuring and distributing Seeds and plants and other vegetable pro - deadens, with inStroctione ill regard, to the SeiVelimate; tend ,treettnetikliestf-adaptil, 'to their 'growth - ;"Could:pottti`hei. lathe language - of Washington, hi :his last annual meant) . to Consreske,...." very cheap i n . , atturoont rifimmease.natienal benefit." Regarding the act of Congress, approi ed 28th September, 1850, granting bounty 111 -04 , 0-11 0 5 6 . 1 903 3 : .44 gna,ge4-1 1 1-1 the Military-service of the country; as a, great measnre of national justice , and mu nificence, An anxious has liven felt, Itymificers entrusted withitalmmediate ci .ecution; to give prompt et/i et to its precis-- I ions.' All the means Within their control 1 were, therefore, brought into requ isition to •liiiieditelbeldjiiiliFititußif Chi* am gratified to he able t witatte-that''netti one ; hundred:thousand ,applicatie as - hrivh been considered; and about seventy ithint: ( 1 sand warritnts.iestieduithinihosshort Spade of nine mo-Rths-: be made by law to carry into effeet the recommendations of ; the depart ment..it, -is cenfidently , expeeted that,, before the close of the fiscal year, allocho are 'entitled to the, - .beneSts of: .tho.act;. have re: ceived.tbeir warrants. - The , Seeretiry'of the -Interior has ;sug-: geited , lir -his-teen various amendments of tho laws relating to .pensions and bounty' lands, for_ thepurpuse. more` effectually guarding against abasekand fraudk cn the Government, to all , of which I icivito .yout particular attention:;:_ • •,-- • . • The hrge accessions to our Indian rip- ' illation Consequent upon the eirquisitionl,of New Mexico and California, and diets:teal , sion of our settlements into ,Utah and 9r egonaare given increased, interest and , tm portenee to our relation With the aborrai nal race.. - No material change has. . taken: thee, within - the lest year, in: the • condition and prOspee'e s ortlie Indian ,iiihes• 'silo: reside in the Northwestern Territory and west of the,Mississiiipi river. We are. at peace with all of them ; and it -will be 'a 'source of pleasure . to you tor learn that they, if° gradually advancing, imeivilizatiOn - and the pursuits eof social lite.: Along the. Meiican frontier, andin Cali fornia, .and Oregon, there have beeni ocea - - sional mat:Cm-tames of unfriendly feeling, and, some depredations committed. Lain satisfied, hoirever, that theY resulted more from .- the destitute and starving condition of the ladians than frotti any settled hos tility toward the whites. ' the settle ments of - our eitizetles 'progress towards them, the game upon - which , they -mainly rely for eutesistence, is driven .off- or de stroyed, and theLt'enly alternative.: left to thetujs starvationer plunder:. It becoru&e nn UP:consider. in iritW• of.this,COntlition:Of. things,:whether justice and humanity, as well as an.enligh:ened economy, do net re qpire that, instead , of-seeking to, punish them for eff.-neei whiCh", are . theresult cf our own policy towards them, we Auld not provide: for the' immediate 'wants and en courage them' to engag . ein agriculture, and to re:yon their' labor, instead of the chase, 'for the means of support. ' • Various,important-treaties have been ne gotiated with, different tribes; during the year, by which their title to large and , val uable trietkof country- has been estin - - gulstietyall Or atithe proper time, be submitted to the Senate fur ratifi cation The joint commissiOn wider the treaty of-Guadalupe Hidalgo has been actively en gagedin running and marking the bounda ry Tine between the :United States and 'Mexico. It Was-Stated in the last annual report-of the Secretary of the Intetior that the initial cpoint - .on the Pacific and the point of junction, of the Gila sith the L eo'. wade: river -bag been,determined. and . the intervening : line,_about _one :hundred .and fifty, miles in length, run and marked by temporary monuments. Since that time a monument of marble-has been erected at the initial point, and permanent landmarks of iron base been placed - at 'exiitable iii tandes alongtheline. - • The inital phint bb the Ric; Grande has I also been 'fixed by the commissioners at lei -32 -deg. 22'inin.; and at the date oi l : the communication the Survey': of . the, line had been made. thence westward about one; hundred . and fifty miles to the neighborhood I ,of the copper minis.. . _:•..::.; •- I ,Tlineoretnisidoaon our part was atifiest i I,organized on thelenle exiierience - ; pnived to 'Le - unwieldy and attended ',with • • Illanepossary expense. - Orders have, there; foie, been- issued for the reduction of the I I number of perions employed , within the 1 smallest limitt, consistent with the safety of those engaged-, in the service, e simit the_ , , I prompt and efficient execution of their im- I portant _duties - • , - Returns have _been‘receiVed (rem all the.] officers.engiged in taking the census in the I States and Territories, exeetii, California.—. 'The superintendent' einaloyed to, make the enumeration in that State - t his - not yet' made his full report, front cause}, as he al leges, beyond histiontrol, This failure-Ist much to , be regretted,is frevented the"{ Secretaryof the interior .trout making ,the decennial apportionment: of representatives among the ,States, es. required by the .act .t approved May 23, lfi . fil). hariek i • however, that the yeturns.will sonn be re ' Caved, mann time then`be lost in Ma t king the necessary apportionment; andilia - titinamittibgthe . ; certificates required by'l - • -- The Superintendent 'of the Seventh Cen sus is diligently setoployett- under the di rectiott of the Secretary of the loterior,..in classibing and arranging in tabular form, all-the statistical infonnation derived frnm „ the_ returns of the marshals,,and it•ia he: lieved that: hen the intrk sba be cop le ied:it- will exhibit - a more - perfect tie* Of. th'e population, nealth,necupnthitte, tin) 14- efitl - i.nndifion 'of 'a great Country'thaninia ever, been presented to Ike value,of inch-a work . atilie - basis 4ightened Jetislation; - ean- - hiirdlys:- , Urer tr,timated ;and I earnestly -Initte•-that - Oeiti -- - *retialeililloatt no time :la waking Pr9.4oPost,),NCells4 l 7 to complete the glattsifi-PfOon,Agtd• I °` P4blish Abe reelflts, w97 -1 4.1_* . Oar wubjectrigind 0 r 'PO / • th if *ilia , of i tor* frite 011; pioserj;/ buig'.tli - e compensation, to`bea lowed` is triet ulterior, cleticti 3 Oirtbdi;:initi.64:" missitufeis tha.cittiiii Of IttluelV_Areititi6l4 - ftijiistWalid reeltirriendlittkroter jerkins:of-1U rawir,eti 110 t6tOtidOEt4Otr.ofArtitriff of fees which, as; far: as ptioticable," - ,stinuld :be uniform; fpecifie , -Conipensationjer erry'OrViOiic , "Ttrblektba. -, . - oflieer may subject will lei - 1015 , fifientia. in,the.repgrt of the Seero tary,ofi ' • •-- In rmy last annual message; I gave briefly my. renSous for beiniving that you possess -e 4 theCOnstitutional'potver to improve the_ rborefif. :our...great. „lakes-. aod. sea mast,. loOd'the navigatioWet our priucipal. rivers; n et; eOnintneeded thit.opyropriatiCes.' , be niiiiiieforemitideting such works as bad al— ii:ady been :couiinrineek -cornmeno itg-tneb others asOlight seem to t nr ortimgress- to, be C f,....pnbliC:.and i 804: era I iMpOrtanoe.' :Without repeating the thirditY again . tOsOall'yOlit - iittentinnitnihis subject: The-ivorki - it"nindibt•tini' barbers were left in nn Unfinisbekstate, and consequent ly-expesedztO thiOutioti : of the - -elements; which is 'fast: destroying:Ahern, nornberitisf.lives.and vast amounts of prop. erty ftroy4ol6ol.YloSt ; fer.,:crant:;safe on& 'convenient - ..harbora,l (*.ibe,layes, ';None tint theae, 114: bits . ..e.. been, ..eapoSid that dangerous , riayigotinir can , fullr i appreeinte the importance of Ois'isaiii Neitbwisf appialS` to_ yen fir' relief; and trist:their:appeatetill receive due 'conSid.4 eraiiim at youibands: trtin' re. - 'gar& to some of:ilie barbers -and bleti on the sea - toast. . lhe olstructed - navigation of our large rivers is of -equal importance., Our set tle are.now extending to the sources of the: great riVers which . enipty . int,o; and form a part 41 the Alississippi,,and'Oe f tie of the 'public "'lands in those regions Would 110 . 0644 enhanced by freeing OM t navigation of *those waters froM obstruc ' tions.! In view, therefore; Of this great in terestri deem it My duty again to urge up on Congress to make such appropriations for‘theso improvementr3 as they anay•deem necessary, „ _ = : • ' Thc surreys of the Delta of the Mississ ippi, with a view to the, prevention of, the . ovotfrOws that._ have proved .39 to•thaVrcgion of cOuntrY,..linve been nearly - coMpleicti, and the ; reports . thereof are now in course of puhlication, and Will shortly be laid tiefdre.Vou: ' _ pterteetton hfonr southwestern (eon ' I tici,-and of the adjacent' Mexican Stales, • 1.- egamst the Indian tribes within our border bas•elaimed:myearriest and constant atten tion. CongresS having failed, at the last session; to apopt my recommendation that an additional regiment -of mounted men ikecially,adopted,to that service should be raised, all that remained to.he done yeas to mate the best Also of the„..meaus at trip disposal.' AccOrdingly;:all the, troops could - gap:od to 'that. service that could Propetly be spared Ifrom tither . ' qharters have , been 'Concentrated' on that frontier and officers of high leputation - selected to eomiriand them. new arrangement cif the military posts has also been made, where by the_troopuare brought nearer ;to the Mexican frontier and to the tribe; they arc intended to overawe.- - • . Sufficient time has net : yet elapsed te. realiZeall the benefits that are expected to result from these arrangements, but I have, eid,y reason to hope that' they will effeetn- . ally cheek their zusurauding expeditions. The nature oldie country, whichlurnishes littlelfor the support of au` army -and a bean& in places of refuge and concealment, is renarkahly - well adapted to:this preda tory Warfare; and .we can scarcely hope that any military ,force;--combined with the . greatest vigilance, can entirely Suppress it. By the treaty . ,ef Guadelupe Hidalgo, we, are h.und to . protect the territory of 3lex-, ico against the inoursions of the Savage tribes withiti our border "with equal 'dili gence and 'energy," as if tha same Were made within our territory or agains:t our citizen?. I have eirdeavoredto comply, as far rie possible; with this provision of the treaty. - Orders have. been given to the of ficers commanding, on that frontier to con sider, the Mexican territory. and itsinbahi taati as equally uith Gar own - - entitled to their. , proteetioni and „to male. all their plans and arrangements with , a vier: l to. the ittainnient of tl - Instructions baVe'also been given to the Indian eorn-. missioners and agent's ameng the tribes, in elf tieatics,i to make the .elauses designed for the protietiorrofemi Own citizens apply also to:thoO. Of Mexico. - 1-haven - o'reason to doubt that, these instructions have been carried; info' effect:- Nevertheless, it. is probable that, in spite of all our efforts,' some of the nei,ghboring.states of Mexico May have suffered, as our, own have, front depredatiou's hy the Itidians, Td.the difficulties of defending our own territory ab. e mentioned, are superadded, in defending' diet :of those that ariie . from • ifs reetiotebess, front, the fact that - ire time no right' to station our trisetis within her litnits; ; :ar,d - .that'there is CO'efft:- 'ciept.military force do the :%laxiban side in ii,elierate-uith Jonrg_as this shell topticitteio; esse;'the - ininber und_eotivity: s nf ,our troops will -raiber-in eresie thakei?ninish;the..o4.lts, the aTis will nuttirulli , turn: to%Tarcis that noun; tty . w,lire they encounter.the.:leaSt.lcsist ritieet:i': .Yei.thcise treOl*.'ere..'neeeesery, sublitethein, *end 'metope! there :.:to mate . entiobiirretre;tiei: shall have been .iline; neitherseenntrY **enjoy any srenrity , frein their'attaekN.- Tite Indinns_itt'Califhinio;:irbe,had siciusly: appeared, of ti.-.l)eaceeble - oharacter' and isposed; cultivate. friendship of :the [3rh)tes; - bsVe . :-1 4 :eently; .ecintthitted, several Att,a l ,large- portion of :the I renifereenttints-scat - ;9 t Il t rltt:ne frontier fe:ee stationed tittle is :ooisi4ered entir ety innde to to to te . defen , gUnnet.lie _ Leristsetkihnireieri'krittottt ' .. - .4fiereise: of dire ia + my; nod ; ". I again recoinmcr.d that reei*elfs indisPeetabre - te•itio protection the • .7. , " . -:-4 , lntite:ynnetittetition..t&the suggestions ion thiketibietitiqint:'in!.4itbere ,,, eonnacted 'At4b. , .ol3.4oPertMeuti in the roped_ of the 1 ;:•.-.• e spoipiitjeu ioribe support Or the 3t!ay„dars.ag;_th,a,„9:9Freot.:, 404,4seul,.year_. - entbniOt. r ti`Ati:tie_AOt, Itererettueed jar by 'the de p"srartttient :' t ionstdeinfirefieffeieriey',:idirhieh i< - invite 3-ffhficetpeiaittifefeEthtiiiicp4rtinentfer the year ientlieg'3otb Juiteltsk:+wele;4%; - - 0fetv,208 , T . 50 year . an d _ commencinelst July next, and endingisteam•Diail servie, an other speeial e ob, - June 80, ltsB,,are $7,806,775 82; -show!. ',lents assigned to the supervision of t his: . e - jug a redaction of $.l. 161,492 ;: in. .... -, Department _ -Theßotiro,' of Com6ssioners, to ! Who'd •'. The report of th e, Postmaster teeterat, the management of the affairs of the'ltlili-Ihierewith:eommdnicated,Prefents 'an.inter tary A s yt e iei rea tee bithe act of .the 8d ; esting vieW of the. progress, operations, and. of March last was.entrested, have ecleeted '-eotidithiti of this Department: - ".= , • ': •. - a site for the eittablisbnient tif an - Aaylure I:' 'At the_elose ii , fthe last :- fiscal - Year, the in the vicinity of this pity , whieh ` has beeri ;length of mail routes within the 'United approved by me, subject to t..e productioe 'States was 196,290. miles ; the annual of,a,satisfactory_title. - , _ _ ,_ -I traespertation thereon ! 58;27 . 2,252_416es ; . The report of the Secretary - of the Navinitil the annual cose of such transportation will exhibit the condition el the p ublic see, 153,421.754. --- • ".: -:: - - --: vice . under the SuPervisionef that departs The length of the foreign mail routes is meet. Our naval force- afloat during tli 'estimated at 18,349 miles ;', and the annual preseneyear has been actively and •, tteefuk l , transportation thereon at 615,206 miles. -- . ly-eniploye4,- in giving protection" to. , ouilThe annual cost of this service is £1,47e 0 ,- widely extended and increasing commerce 187. of which £448.937 is read by the airdinteleate in'ilie Vitictue'titiaiteraefiliiiiPost-Offie•o• DePartniefit. and' $1,023,256 is globe; and our - fiag hag everywhere afforded' paid through the Navy Department. - - -''.' the security and received the respectinspir- - .; The,tintual - transportation 'within - the , ed by the justice - and liberality ei our in- United .States (excluding • the'service lel tercouree, and the dignity and power of the California and Oregon; which is. now: for nation.- e • -..... .', ,„ . '.: --: : - • the first time,. reported and embraced in, , The expedition oomman,ded by Lieutene 0 the tabular stetementsef, tbceDepart merit) , ant Dellaeen, despatched in search of the exceeds-that of the' preceding , year 6,16.,, e , • British commander, Sir John Franklin,and i855, - tniles, at an increased _ cgs!, of '047 1 - hia companions in the Arctic SeaS,ieturned 1110: _ • ~ . , Ito Newlferk in the month of S'Oeteber, of-1 The whole,titimber of Post Officio , in the' ter' having undergonegreat peril and - inf . - . 'United States, on 'do 80th day ; of Juno , tering - from ' ' an unktown and dangerous I last; Was 19.796., There Were 1,698 post navigation and - the rigors of 'a northern [offices_establiehed, and' 250 discontinued climate, I Without tiny' satisfactOry Informae durhig the year. ''. .• - -- . [ lien of the objects of their Seareh, but with The gross: revenue pf • the Department new,contributiens to science and .navige. fee the fiscal year, including the CI ppropriai, tion from the unfrequented polar region&, tions for the franked matter of Congress, [The Officers :and men of 'the .expedition,'l cif the Departments, and officers of govern ' havine been. all velunteers for this service, ment, and excluding the , foreign pestles, ,and baying so conducted it as to meet . the eoliected,for endpayable to,• the Brttisb entire•apprUbationef the government, it is post o ffi ee,dreounted to $6,727.86.6 78. tsuggested, as an aet Of grace. and generosi- - Threxpenditures 'for - the same period ty, _that: the same allowance of extra pay (excluding $20,599 49, paid' lender - an Fitted emoluments be extended , to them that award of the Miter, in ptirsuance Of a re . "- ' were made to the officers arid 'Men of like elution of the last Cengress, for mail ser rating in the late . exploring - expedition. to vice °tithe Ohio and -Mississippi rivers in the South Seas. ' .• - 1832 -and 1833, and - the amount paid to I earnestly seem:emend to your attention the - 13ritish post office for foreign postages the necessity, of, recognizingthe Naval Es- collected for and payable to , that ,office) tablishuent, apportioning and -fixing the amounted . to ,$6,024,556 . 79'; leaving a number of officers-in each grade providing balance of revenue,over the proper expel)- ! some niede of promotion to the higher ditures of iheyear of $703,299 98. . grade's of the navy, rather than 'seniority or The receipteler postage during the Year] date of entry' into the Service, and for retir- (eleltiding the foreign postages collected , m ing from. the effective list upon reduced pay for and payable to the British post : office) " those Who - ay be incempetent to - the per- amounted to $6,345 , 747 21, being an in formance of active duty. As a meesure of crease:et $097,610 99, or 18.65-100 pert economy as well as efficiency in th 4 him of cent. over the liko receipts forth precced the service, the provision last mentioned is ing year. , eminently worthy of your eoiesideration. The reduction of postage, tinder the act The determination• of the - question of of March last, did not take effect until the; relative rank between the sea and civil ofE- commencement of the present fiscal year.— cers of the navy, in the various grades of The accounts for the first quarter, under each; Will also merit your- attention. The the operation ,of the , reduced rates, will not failure toprovide any substitute, when core be settled before January nest ; and. no re perafpunislunent was abolished fee offences liable estimate , of the receipts for the pres in the navy, has' occasioned the convening eat year can yet bemade. It is believed, of nuinerous courts-whirtial upon the arri- however, that they still fall far . short of val of vessels' in pert, and is believed to those of the' last year. The surplus'ef the . have an injuridus effect upon the discipline revenue new on hand is, however, so large and efficiency of the service. To moderate that no further appropriation from the punishment from one grade 'to another is treasury, in aid of the revenues of the . de emong the humane reforms elide tige ; but parttnent, is, repuired for ,the current fiscal to abolish one of severity, which applied so year; but no additional appropriation for generally to offenees_en .ship-board, and the year ending June 30, , 1853, will Prob ; provide nothing in its stead,- is eo suppose ably be found necessary when the receipts a progress of improvement ire every indi- ()title first two quarters of : the fiscal year vidual among seamen which is not assumed are fully ascertained. . by the Legislatlite in respect to any other 'ln his" last annuafreport the Postmaster class of men.' ' ' General recommended a reduction Of post._ . ~ _ . It is hoped tharpeegreee, in the ample ago to rates - whieh- he deemed as low as opportunity afforded by , the present session could be -prddently 'adopted, unless Cun will thoroughly investigate this impOrtant gress was prepared to appropriate from the subject, and estabish such modes of deter.- treaeury, for the support' of the Depart mining guilt, and such gradations of 'pun- meet, •-a sum more than equivalent •to the ishtnent es are consistent-with.humanity mail services 'performed •by it for the gov and the perso,nal rights of individuals, and': ernment. - Tie recommendation of the Post= at the , same time shall ensure the boat, en-. master General, in respect to, letter post emetic and efficient pyrformanee of duty age, except on letters from and to Califor e and suppression. ef crime in e our ships _ of the and Oregon, was substantially adopted war. . : • •• • , 'by the last Congress. lle now , mom .: , . • .. • • The stone deck in are navy yard at New mends itdherene,e to the present letter raki, York, 'which was ten' years in process of, and advisee against a further reduction un construe:ion, has been so far 'finished, as to I til justified by the reyenue of the Depart= be surrendered 'up to the authorities f the went. -, ' = •- ' -' - - yard. ' The dry - deck at Philadelphid ii re- ,He also recommends that the rates of ported as completed, and is expected soon postage on printed-iriatter be, revised so as to, be tested and delivered over to the as to render , them more simple, and inure agents oldie government; -'• That it. Ports- uniform in-their operation npon all classes mouth,, New Ilampeldre,is also nearly seedy of . printed: matter.,:. I submit, the-recom fer delivery; and ii . contract, .has been eon- mendations of the report to your A faverable eluded, agreeably to the aek - of. ,Congress at consideration. . its last session, fora floating sectional dock I The Public Statutes of the r Uniteci• States oii the Bay. 'of' Said Franeisco. I invite, have now been accumulating far, more than , your attention to the recommendation eV : sixty years, cud interspersed , with: private ) the Department - touching the establishment I acts, - are 'scattered through numerous vol: of a - navy yard in conjunction with a dock ernes,' nod, from the cost:of the whole, have on the Pacific. " Such a station is highly becotne tamest inaccessible, to the great necessary to the convenience. and-effective- i mass of, the 'eotnmunity. They alto" ex-; nest of our,fleet hethateacean, which must hibit much of the incongruity and imper- I be expected to increase with - the growth of fection of :hasty legislation. As it seems commerce, and the : rapid extension' of .our to be generally -conceded that there is no while fisheries over. its waters. - , .common law" of the United States to sup-. The Naval Academy of Annapolis,under ply the tlefects of their Legislation, it , is a revised and improyed system of -regula- most important that that legislation should Wiens, now afford tipportunities of editea- be as perfect as possible, defining.every tion and instruction , to , the pupils 'quite power' . intended to lie conferred, every ecjnal,. it is believed, - for professional am- crime intended ;o he made punishable, Ond provernent, te those enjoyed by the 'cadets' prescribing "the' punishment to be inflicted: in the Military 'Academy; A large. elnisi 'Li additicin to some particular eases spo of acting_raidshipteen - ' - w.es - received et-the :ken of more at" length. the whole,erlininal commencement of thelast_ acadeniie term, i code is now lamentably defective. Some andit pra c tice - ship has - been atteched to offencelare imperfectly desoribed, and otb the institution, to affordihe amplest ineansers are entirely omitted; so that , - flagrant for regular -instruction in seamenehip, as ' crime may be committed with impunity.— well as, fei _cruises during the ...vacation of Tho'scale of punishment- is net In all ea three or four months in each year. : • ism graduated according to the degree and Theadvantagea - -of ',science, - innautical; nature of, the O ff ence, : and is often rendered; affairs have rarely, been,more strikingly il- more unequal by the different - in - odes of im-' lustrated 'than in the fact stated in the re- I prisonmeat, or penitentiary confineMent, in port of' the Navy -- Department, that; by their•different states. - • • ,- . means of the wind and the current charts, -Many. laws of •a ,perthaiseid character projected andprepared by Lieutenant . ltfan- have - . been introduced into appropriation ry, the Seperintendant of the Naval °beer-, bills; sad it is often difficult to '"determine vatory, the passage from the :Atlantic •to whether the particular clause expires with the Pacific forts of, our country has been the temporary act-of which it-is a part, ori shortened by about forty days. y • - • continues, in force,; ; 'tiles. also frequently, The estimates for the . Slippori or the Nit, -happened that enactments and provisions ... aed,; Marine Corps the . ensuing. fiscal of law have been introduced into bills, With' year will be found to ~be. $5,856,472 19, the title or general Bubjeet of 'Which' they the estimates for the ; en : trent , year being have little or no connection or relation,— $5.900,621. -- . . , The estimates for 'special objnets- under the eoatrol of this dopartniont amount: to $2,684,229 89, against' $2,210,980 "forl the'preient year,-theltlaktllSO-bei4.ooCa sioned bythe additional mail servlcinitho Pacific, coast and the construction . of the dock in: authorized st:;the last session of Congress, and some slight.addi, - , tions under th ~ e bead of improvements and :r pairs navy sardst, buildings. 464 Pa-1 ehinety. „ I:deem it or'ititiWidortaned to - a kit economy, and norreet understanding:of naval experitlitarety !that 'there should - be ab ciatire;eeparritiotiof theCippropriatloas forlbe support ofnaval :satric& proper frotit.those; for permanent improvements . at Plvy.yardtianit - '4ll4tiona, 'and Orir cOenTI menti have. been it — aped - upon each other, and often with but ;little e'onsideratien, that in 'manylestinetrx" it is difficult, -to search out and determine whatls - ift The: Government .oUthe is , ,omphatieally:a,zeVernment: 9 1 . written' The statutes 'should ! Oeretere,, as far as'precticatile, net on)y,be made acces•=, sible to-all, but ire, eiPressed. in lanitirtge go plain a:n ( l44oloas to" be understood by all, nod arrikged breech method astOgiVe perspicuity to 'Try a - object. Niny of the' Stites have; - revised - their publie acre' with great` and , Manifest benifit t= and 'I reeom; ,_mend that,provision be made bylaw for the appointment of a commission: to revise We puhlie..: statutes of •tho , United - States, , ar, range thearin erlv.rsiniPPlYlng delleieFele; correcting incongruities, simplifying - their langiageouid reporting to Congress for its . s • An net Of.,Congreis appreved_Sl*Sep-• tember,lBso, contained a provision for the t extension cif-the Capitol, accordinglei suchl plan might, be approved by the -Presi dent,' and• uPPro rioted one hundritii , bou- P , ; Sand dollars - tii - be expended under - his di- I !rection, by. such' architect as be ap point„to. executethulsaike.,: On examining Ithe various 'dal's which had been submit }tea by different architects, 'pursuance of, f an advertisement by a committee Of the I Senate, no.one was foui.ti to be entirely sat- I t isfactory, and it was therefore deemed ad visable to - combine and adopt the adiatita-. I gea of several. The great 'Object to be to Make such an addition,Os would affi;rd ample aid Convenient. halls for the delibe: rations -of! the:: two, , Eionses of Congress, with sufficient aceomniodations for, specta tors, and suitobloopartments for.the com mittees and pfficers'of ,the two brimehes o( the _Legislature.' 4wasolso,desirable not to mar the, harmoi4 and ,healuty of . . the, present 'stricture, - which, as a specimen .of' architecture; is so tinivets.ally.admired. Bl.tePing 'these iilijects in I chide •to make the hileition 'by wings,' de tached from timpreseiit building.yetoon- Boded with , it'by. corredors..' This mode of,i enlargement. , will Adave , the present Capitol ,übinjured,, and •alford great advan-. tosei,for , ventilatior, and tho ,admission of light, and „will .enable the work to progress without interrupting ; the _deliberations of Congress. - ; , To carry this plan, into effect I lia`ve ap . pointed an expertenbed and - coinpetent: atehiteet. The - veneer stone was . laid on the 4th of .July lasi: With suitable ceremo nies, since which: titne.tho work has adVin ced with conimendable rapidity ; and the, foundations of both- wings-are now nearly complete. . I again cominend to ynpr favornble - re.; gard the interests ;of the District of .Co lumbia, aniNcem it only necessary to re-:i wins. you, that,. although its inhabitants, have no voice. in.tho, choice of represents.- ' fives in Congress,' they are not-the less en titled to a just and l libeyal Consideration in your legislation. My opiniOns'on - this sub ject-were more fully expressed, in' my last annual communication. • Other subjects _wore brought ' to the at tention...of Cougress_in my last annual ines (sage,_to which I would respectfully refer, Butthere . was one! of . more than ordinary interest, to :which I again invite your spe cial attention. I allude-to the recommend. ition for the appointment of a commission to settle private claims against the United SiaNs._ Justice to individuals as well as,' to - Cho government, imperatively &Mends that soinemore convenient and expeditious mode than - an-appeal to Congress `should be adopted. I •- It is deeply to be regretted that in several instances officers of the Government, in en.. (leavening to execute the law for the return of fugitives from 'labor, havc been openly resisted, and , tbeii eff,rts frustrated and defeated by lawleds• arid violent mobs; that in one case such 'resistance resulted in the death of an estimable citizen, and in oth ers serious injury ensued to thoSe officers and to individuals who were using their en- I deavors to-sustain the laws.- Prosecutions have been instituted sitainst the alleged of. fenders, so fir as*they could be identified, and are still pending.. I - have regarded it as my duty, in these cases, to give . all aid legally io my power to the enforcement-of the laws, and I Shall cOutinue" to. do so wherever and whenever their execution may be resisted I ..1:110 act of Congress 'for a the return of fugitives frcm labor is one required and de manded ,-by the eipress.worels of the can . Atitution. - ' - ' . The "Constitution - declares, '' That no person held to service or labor in one State, 1 underlhe laws thereof, escaping, into ano- ther..sball, in consequence n, of any-law or i regulation therein; be diselarged from such service or taper, but shall he delivered upi on claim of the party to vilinm such serv ice or labor may be .This constitu-. tional pioyision is equally obliga.tory, up "nn' the Legislature, the Executive, and Judi cial Departments id` the'Povernment, and upon every citizen of the United States. - ' Congress, however; must from neerislitY first act upon the. subject; by 'prescribing theroceeclings necessary to ascertain that the person,is u fugitive; and= thrrmeans to. Le used for bis restoration to the claimant.' This was done by an act ppssed during the first term of President Washiegton.which was aneended : by that enacted by the last CorigresS, and' it new remains :fee the Ex: entire and ffudicial Departments to take care that these' la.lva be , faithfully 'executed. This injuinticin of the Constitution is as peremptory unties binding ris any oilier; it stands , exactly on the seine foundation as that clause which ' , provides kr the returii ef fugitives from justice, erithat which de clares that-no bill of attainder ,or ex.:'post facto law - shall lie passed, or -that, which, prpvides for an,_equality, of-taxation; ac cording to the - eensus, er the clause &Aar, ing that all dutiei shall be through out the Unites„ States, or' the important that te trial Of all crimes shall be by jury: These.sclveral tpiteles and'clans: as -of the constitution,' all resting ory_the same authority, must stand'or fait together. Some objections:have been urged against the details. of the act for the return of fu gitives from labor; but it is. worthy of.re-. mark that - the audit_ opposition is amied against the, coli.stitUtien itself, and proceeds from persons and classes _of persons, ininy ,of whom declare t6ir wish tosee that COD.. stitution overturned,' They_ avow their hostility any' law:which, shall :gii . p. full. and practical effect to this requirement of the Conititution. .s`iittinately, the nut:Ober, of these persons is 'comparatively small, and is believed to be daily diminishing, but the issue- which they Oesent. is;ono wbier in-. valves the , ,supremsay. mid 43* the ; ezis. tones of the Constitutien. - .• Cases have heretofore arisen whiohur dividuals have denied tho:_bindingnuthority of aota Congress, and, eveli'•etates pfaposed each , aots, upon_ (ho ground that the conitita,tion,*se di° su preme law or the 100; and tpatio;os , ? - aeee of,Congiess were ispagnint'to that' instru.; mint; bat' milification 1s now ci iaed, not so much- against iitirtieular lairs: as being " inQonaistent7.‘ with'theeonatitution, lead oak tolic tllaguised , Unit. a- spirit exists and has„bOott actiiely- at '..work to rend °sun ler this tfnion, which is our der. ished inh !thence frctu our revolutl ataxy' fathers. In my last annual message, I stetted that I considered the series of measures, whi c h bad been adopted at the-previons session, in reference to tho agitation growing out of the territorial, and slavery questions, a k. , final nettlement in principle and; substance of the 'dangerous and ezeiting subjects which they embraced; and Iyeeonunended riclheninco in the 'adjustment. .established ,by those measures, until time and erpe r i, mice should demonstrate the necessity o r further legislation to guard against eveg en or ahise. roves riot induced to mak e 6 4 recommendation - because I thought !bozo `riseastiiei p6rfect, for co linmani'legislatioa cdri ba - perrect.':- • ' - - Wide differences and jarring opinions can Only be reconciled-by yielding nine. thing on all Odes, and this 'milk had here • reached after an angry, conflict of many months, in 'lshii!) one part of the 'country was arrayed against another,_and violet; convulsion• seemed to be imminent. t oo k. inn' at the interests of the Whole country,' fell it to be my duty to seize upon this cone. premise as the best•that could be obt a i n ,/ among conflicting interests,, and to heist upon it, as n final settlement, to to adhered to by all who value the peace and welfst e of•the country.' • • • - A - year has now elapsed since that reo ommendation was Jnade. To that Teem. mandation'l still adhere, and I congratulate and the country npon the general acquits. cenee in there measures of peace which his been exhibited in all parts of the Repub. ,And not_only is there ,this general re 1 ?11 uieseence tliese measures, but the spirit of conciliation , ' which has been rnaniitatel is regaid to them if all parts of the nun! try, has 4:entered doubts and uncertaintie . the reirlds of thousands of good men con. corning the durability of our popular tutions, and gifen renewed assurance tltt our, Liberty, and our ,onion may subsist to. getherfor the benefit of this and all seem. ding generations. 'MILLARD FILLMORE Wsstitsciou, December 2, P5l. Siiiei4o in Jail. . i Leicester Peter cot. fi ned in the jail d Bradford County, ;barged with the murda. of Entyttr -S., POMROY by stabbing biz with a poeltet-knife. at Columbia X Ilna".; on the evening of 20th of august lest, :Ed 1 awaiting trial at the present session dr.: Court, coinfintted 'suicide on , Wedncsdty morning last,by severing the femoral:nuy in the left thigh, 'With a ease knife. Ir. if Thomas gives us the following pain. I leis :-- Ho was fotbd abeut 7 o'clock, b Ile morning, lyinir in.'his ' bed, as if a,I,FT, carefully covered . with no appearceet ii havit:g ma'ele a single death struggle. 0 2 exatnination, be was found to be dead, tti his bed -; completely saturated with Ikti t Thiel:olio. blid been retained, and shard upon the wall, with which he bed eat b hone, tidying apparently held the mt.( open with one hand until be Was sathli that . the artery was divided., - .. He had first endeavored to bang hiud with ropes manufactured from the shmi . Obis bed. . - He bad been rennill4yee.l, and collected in his mind - for Aural dim and unuSitally cheerful at timmiand sttzt4 to be making every preparotioVer histri.2. But instead of depending upon fallibbildp ment of men, he has hastened to ticdb, whdre the minutest secrets of the hurter laid bare.. . Ile had in his cell, pens, ielc, palm ri 1 lights, yet no niqnorandurn was fad, 1 whereby ,any conclusion cuuld.be ohm! I relative to his reflections preVions to cao• t mitting the fatal act. In his";vcst pia was founds dimallicard, carefully foldviii paper, on which was written in pencil-21 !Samuel, Vith chapter, 314 i verse," tri.il , a Script !refers to tne 'tt Of t are need at is Ifuneral sermon of the unfortunate man, tea 1 whose; death he Was so intimately ram. ' ted.—Brad.Rcr.o . ;ter.' I , 0 _ ,v. EALING ‘ll .1X ON Lti'TEßS.—te PcS , Office tieparinicot is officially advised art 1 letters fey California, and other placeica the coast of the Pardo ocean, frequedy reach 'there with the.envelopes partly tris toff, and the address mutilated, in ecur• I quenee of tire irractiee of many mons il using sealing wax on their envelopes. h Ipaesing through the tropics The wax isir ' , variably melted so as to adhere to theist tier benealli it, and causes the injui 'or destruction of-the address in seputil the two.' The Postmasterlleneral furniehe this information to thOpublic in the huh that. the use of sealing-wax on letters, ad other papers. for t hatAirection, 'mortals 1 entirely discontiimed. .ftErllib_Whig's of' the' : UeitcJ SO 'Ttarilliaefotir Governors oti.t. the flap One. ThOy had five . ilanston. 4 I'enolytranta; was defeated. 110 bri frill itlie,' it. they go 'on - decrea .' ing it 119 rata; rat6;befoto . tley have none? ' • Four Whig Governor 4 nll is a COW , . Count 'on, 'and marl; 'em and let 'or , It lyotiO oe gell enotigli to bell thae so, if it' is eipeoteti" that • they country; tor-luny considerable Th'dy ought g'et:loSE: 'dud then what 1C 'Whigion ? Jitst four andino,moielL-Ritleigh. S.t . ,• - ' "The , ,energies • and hopes et 11 •' Whigs mill be now turned to the roar tion of the hero Scott to the next Presider oy. He Our only: ho'pe—OUlt AN* CRORY --- Defiance, Okla, Banner. ~Tbi4 reminds us ,Of 'the green.berel land-luhtber, who wont to "seek his forme on the 'briny deep. A storm 111'030—e i ship . ivas about to aink---when our 0' cio,ue friend, to inake bitnself safe, tiediir seljfast to Tun' ANCLIOR 14-;-York Gaza: _ .ocigT or A kilEslDEts,rx.—Tho expe l per4innurn, to eaChlterson of the popultno: Surtiortingthe President of the Uteio States; by paying ,a salary, is one'nietb a •ee'tit ;-orfoite-nititbs of a cent; or tee Tattle; for the terra of four years" Inuit thaionsoti why some don't care' cent who its President.—Prori denre - • •.Ba tt4 rumor rr 6 . bee", engaged by certain ratoalls to luenc,b Alto fires Beizehub't I T4 whte Wee &Feet fire annihilator, is 0.4 • • rfopt}dailott le fact.. .• 11151
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