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B. kE. B. OUSE, PROPRIETORS
rENIBITIrt
-28'14IESSAGE.
F e acv Citizens of • Senate and
rf the House of Representatives
I toagratulate you and our common constituen
cy Open the favorable auspices under which you
wet for yonr first session Our country Is at peace
wigall the world. The agitation which, for a
jos ' , threatener' to dientub the fraternal relations
which make as one people, is fast subsiding; and
tier of general prosperity and health has crown
t d the nation with unustm I blessings. None' can
too: hark to the dangers which tare Tinned, or .
Toed to the bright prospect before us, without
(retina thrill of gratification, at the Sallie time
that he must be impressed with a grateful sense
of ear profaned obligations to a beneficent Provi ,
dace, whose paternal care is so manifest in the`
bappbess of this highly favored land.
Since the close of the last Congiess, certain
Cehtes and other foreigners resident in the Uni
ted State', oho were more or less concerned in
the previous'invasion , or Cuba, instead of 'being,
diteonrared by its failure, have again abused the
hospitality of this country, by malting it the scene
of the equipment of another military expedition
against that possession other Catholic Maj sty, in
siEell they were countenanced, aided and joined
by citizens of the United State& On receiving
inteliigenee that snob designs were entertained, /
•
tot no time-in issning such instructions to the pro.
per deers of the United States as seemed to be
called for by the occasion. By the proclamation,
a ears of which is herewith submitted, I also
warned those who might be in danger of being
isreigled into this scheme, of its unlawful charac-
Woad of the penalties which they would incur.
Tonne time there was reason to hope that these
111.1F071 . 6 hod sofficed to prevent any such attempt.
This hope, however, proved to be delusive. Very
iris in the morning of the third of August, a
steamer rolied the Pampero departed from Nesv
Nene for Cuba, having on board upwards of
four hcadoqi armed men; with evident intentions
to make war upon the authorities of the island.—
Thl3 expedition was set ou foot in palpable viola
tin of the laws of the United Staten. Its lender
rat a Spaniard, and several of the chief officers,
atrium. others engaged in ij, were foreigners.--
the persons composing it, however, were mostly
et vat of the United States.
Befute the exprdition.set not, and probably be
fxr it was orzanized, a s!ioht insarrectionary
arrement. which appears to have been soon sup
trt.vd, had taken pace in the eastern part of
Cuba_ The importance of this movement - was
ationnoately an moth exazzerated in the ac
rtuatb of it ptilthshed in this country, that those
drentorers seem to have been led to believe that '
the (4 , ol..populatien of the island not bnly desired
Itttroweffthe authority of the mother 't• onntry.
t had tliaolced open that step. and had berun
• reikeacerted enterprise for ee..eting, it- _The 1
.mote enzazed in the expedition were zenerallil
near and'ill informed. The steamer in which
embarked left New Orleans stealthily, and
utheat a clearance. After touchhm at Ivy
Ft, she proceeded to the roast of Cnba, end.;
the night between the 11th and 12th of Ang.,
ailed the persons on board at Playtas, within
boat meaty Imagoes of Havana.
The mom body proceeded to, and took parses
1110r1 of, an inland village, six leagues distant, leas ,
'az others to follow in cluirge of the baggage, us .
art as the means of transportation could be ob
eine?. The latter having taken np their line of
parch to CSIDIIPCi th-mselves with the main body,
tad haring proceeded about font 'leagues into the
'Qatitry, were attacked, on tl•e morning of the
i3th, by a body of Spanish trivre, and a bloody
tanatct ensued; after whirh they retreated to the
!ace ordsetabarkation, where about fifty of them
::maid boats and re-embarked therein. They
ete.bowever, interrepted a mew. the quays near.
!shore by a Spanish steamer en:tieing on the
st, captured, and carried to Havana, and,after
... , c, , xlinauied before a military court, were seta e
heed, to be publicly executed, .nd the sentence
l eascahied into eff•ct ou the 16th of August.
Oa tre•ivinz information of what had occurred,
'malodor, Foxboll A. Parker was instructed to
..s,d in :he steam friil•ate Saranac to Havana,
ulnre into the charges against the persons
ennui, the eireninstatmes under. which they
ere taken, end whatsoever referred to their trial
ermenee Copies eef the instructions from
e DePartme n t ut State to him, and of his letters
that diturtmout, are herewith submitted.
decarding to the record of the examination, the
riwarti all admitted the offences charged against
. em , orbring hostile invaders of the island. - At
e time of their trial and execution, the main
y aftbe invaders was still in the field, making
eaz the Spanish ' authorities and Spanish
"bifett After the lapse of seine days, being
tramna by the Spanish. troops, they dispersed
'need .24th of August; Lopez, their leader, was
m
soe days after, and executed on the
' of September. , Malty of biajernaining ihl.l
en Isere killed, or died of hunger and fatigue,
'it the rest were made prisoners. Of thesemone
• •at to have been tried or executed. Several I
them sere pardoned upon application -of their
td " 4 others, and the rest; about one 'hund
td
nod sixty hi umber, were sent to Spain I
,ithtfiaal disposition made of these we hails no!
i atanuation.
Srxil the melancholy result of this illegal fldand
expedition. Thus, thMaghtlesi young
tale bees induced, by feltse and fraudulent
l ikatations, to violate the law - of -their
, tinz
a'',lhrongh
to ra
shes and unfounded . expecta
ss.implish .:-
Politil revolt!!
aitherStates, and have lust thei ca r lives
4ittakiag. Too iavere_ a judgment-can
;""Passed, by the indignant sense' of ts
Ihnanktit, opOn those who, heing better infoi -
have yet led away the ardor of,
' an illrdirected rove of political Muir.
clrfniaardence bettiecu . this • Government
!hunt Spain relating to this. transactions
is
^ ith communic ated. ! .:l4 aCh these offenders against the hay.e
1.1 the protection of Abair .country!ewe, yet the
qiaitit may, to far al is consistent with its
. ,
obligations to other countries, and its; fixed
purpose to tnaintaintind enforce the laws, en,;
Certain sympathy foi their Unoffending fami
lies and friends, Os well ; as a feeling of comz
passion for themselves. ' Aceordin,gly no prop.:
er effort has been spared, 'and . none will be
,
Board, to precure the release of such citizens
.of the United States, engaged in this .unlaw
ful enterprise, as are now in ' Confinement in,
Spain; but it is to be hoped that such inter.
position with the government of that country
may.not be considered as affording any ground
of expeetatien, that the government of the
United States will, here.after, feelltself tinder
any obligatiOn Of duty to intercede for the lib
eration or pardon of such persona as pie fla
grast offenders against the law of niitiOn and
the laws of the United States. Tliese laws
must be executed, if desire to maintain
i our respectability among the nations 4' the
earth, it behooves us to enforce - steadily and
. .
sternly the neutrality acts passed by ongress,
and to follow, as forms may be, the iolation
[of those acts with condign punishment : ,
But-what gives a peculiar criminality to this,
invasion of is, that 'tinder the" head of ,
Spanish Subjects, mid with the aid cif - citizens
of the United States, it had its origin , with
many, in motives oCcupidity. Money was ad-1
vanced by individuals, probably to considers
-1 ble amounts, to-purchase Cuba 'bonds. as they
-have been called, issued by Lopez, sold,doubt:
less, at a ve7ilarge discount, and for the pay
ment of which the public lands and public
property of Cuba, of whatever kind, and: the
fiscal resources of'the people and government
of the island, from whatever source to be 4.-
1 rived, were pledged, as well as the good faith
of the governMent expected to lie established.
All these means of payment. it isevident,were
I only to be obtained by n process of bloodshed,
war,-and revelation. None will deny that
those who set- on foot military' expedition
against foreign States by means like these,are
.far more culpable than the ignorant and the
'necessitous whom they induce to go forih v
the ostensible parties in the Proceeding. .Tlb
originators of the invasion of Cuba seem
have determined, with Coolness and Systi
upon an undertaking which should disgi
their country, violate its laws, and put to hi,
and the lives of ill.infornied and deluded men.
You will consider whether farther : legislation
be necessary to prevent' :the peipetration of
such offences in future. , , '
No individuals have a right to haza‘rd - the
peace of the country, or to violate the laws;
- -
upon vague notions of altering or reforming
governments in other States. The principle
is not only reasonable in itself, and in acCord
once with public law, but isengrafted into the
codes of other nations as well; as our 0u41.---
But while such are the sentiments of this gov
ernment, it, may be added, tbat every i4depen-,
dent nation must be presumed to be able hi
defend its possessions against unauthorized
individuals banded together . to attack their).—
The government of the United States, at all I
times since its establishment, hah abstained
and sought to restrain the eitizens' i of the conn
-1
try, from entering into controversies .between !
other powers, and to observe all the duties' of
neutrality. At an early period, of the govern- 1
ment, in- the administration of IlriLshington, I
Several laws sere Passed for. this purpose:.--; 1
The main provisions of these lan's were -re
enacted bythe act of April, 1818,,bY which,
amongst other things, it, was ,declared that if
any person shall, within the territo l ly or juris
diction of , the United States, begin; or set on I
foot,or provide, or prepare thp means for any
military.expedition or•enterprise to be r ,carried
'on from thence against the territory or domin
ion of any foreign- prince ,or State, or of, any
colony, district,- or people with whom the Uni
ted State's are :at peace, every person so' offen
ding shall be deemed guilty of a high misde
meaner and shall be fined, not exceeding three
thousand.dollsrs, 'andimPrisoned not more
than three years ;and this law has been I qe.;
cuted and enforced, to the - full extent of the I
power of the Government, from ! that day to
In proclaiming and adhering to ihe doctrinit'
of neutrality and non-intervention; the United
States have not followed the lead (,r otheiciv
ilized
patioilS; 4hey harekak en the lead them
selves, andlarr r e been followed .by others;—
This• Wa s -admitted by one, of the Ming emi.
flea of modern British statesmen, who said
in Parliament, while a minister of , the Crown,
that, if he wished fur :a• guide. in a system
of neutrality, he .should .take that laid 'down
byAmeiica the days of Washington and
the searetaryship. of Jeffenion .;" arid we see,
in fact, that the aet of Congress of 1818 was
followed, the succeeding year, by in act of the
Parliament of Eilgland, substantialltthe satutt
in its general itcrovisions; - , Up to that time
there tied been no siMilar law irtamland,
e.pt certain hig,hly penal ,
statutes passed in
the, reign of Geerge y, prOhiAitingEnkliatienb-
jecta from enlisting in foreign -service, -the
avowed object. ot - whioh statute wat4 thatfor
eignormies,, raised_for he. purpose vr restor
ing the house et Stuart to the throne, - should
not be strengtbennd br,recriits from England
11 must see 'that tliffieulties - may arise to
carrying thalawa referred to into isecutinnirr
a country now having titre° or four; thottaiud
mires of sea -coast, with infinite number of
ports and harbors:And small inlets,,from some
of svhieh unlawful eapeditionsimayl l suddenly.
set forth, without the knowleOge Royern.
meet, against the possessions Of foreign states;
Friendiy rehitions Int ;entangling ,
Alliances with none, has long beert a 'MAXIM:
with tis. Our true mission is iaotto prapoimtti
' , iaitiOtfit: to Uiallaticgi,,Mwo o. Blitt atqwA Kgritttllttim: mai
our opinions; or impose upon other countries
our form of.government, by artifice ar force
but to teach by - example, and show by our
enemas, tnodration,and justice, the :blessings
of self-government, and the advantages of free
.1
:mstitntions.. Let!,eVery people choose fOr
!sell; Mid make and alter its political '
tions to suit its own condition and'convenience.
Ilrt, while we avow! and,
_maintain -this
_neu- 1
pelicy,Ourselvee, WO are anxious to seethe
some tfforbeara - nce On the part of other nations,
w lose forms of government are djfferent from
our own. The deep interest which we feel in
the spread of liberal principles and the!estab
; lishmeint of free goVerninents, and the sympa.
thy- With which; we witness every struggle
against oppression; forbid that we should be
indifferent to "a cape in Which the strong arm
ofa foreig,n poweris-invoked t'O*,stifie public
.•
sentiment and repress , the spirit of treeilom in
any leauntryi
The 'governments of- Great Britain and
'Franec have•issued orderslo their naval corn.
glanders on the West India station to pi -event
by fl)Me, if necessary, the landing of adven
turel*from any nation on the Island of `• Cuba
with liostile intent The copy of a memotan
dn4 of - dconvemation on this subject between
the Charge d'Afiliiies of hor Britannic Dlajes
, ti and the acting Secretary of State, and eta
subsequent note of the former to the Depart
ment of State. are herewith submitted, tenth
er•with a copy of a notelet' the Acting Secre
tary of State to the. Minister of the French re
public, and of the , reply of the latter, on the
same subject. These 'papers will acquaint
you with the ground of this interposition of
the two leading commercial po'wers of turOpe;
and with the-apprehensions, which this g,or
ernment could not"iail to entertain, that'. such
',interposition, itcarried Into effect, might lead
!to abuses in derogation' of the maratime rights
of the United State's. The maratimo rights of
'ithe United States - are founded on a firm,securO
'and well-defined basis; they stand upon the
ground of national independence and public
Elaw,,and will be maintained in all their full
'end just extent.
i o ie
/ tO
/ 1:14
.
1.
The principle Which this government-has
heretoford solemnly.annotinied it still adheres
to, and will maintain under all pirenmstance:s
d ht all hazards.:; Tfiat,principle is, that in
very regnlartY dont:dented Merehant ' vesjel,
tie drew who naVigate it, 'and those- on board
of it find t,Peir protection in the flag which
is'over them. 1 No American ship - can be al-1
towed to be visited - or• searched for tie pan
pose of ascertainint.the character of individu.;
als on board, 'nor can there -be allowed nnY '
watch by the vessels of' any r foreign nation
over American vessels on the coasts of the
United States or the( seas adjacent thereto.-It
will be seen -by the last cominunication faun
the British' Charge d'Affaires to t' Deparl=
mcnt of State, that he is authorized o assure
the Secretary of State*that every ear will be
taken that., in executing the"preventiVe mega:
ores zi,gaintt the expeditions, which the. United
States government itself has denounced as not
being entitled to the protection of any govern
mcnti no inteferenceshalttake piaci) with the
Lawful commerce olany nation. - .
I •In addition to the correspondence op..4liis
subject, herewith inbmitted, official informa
. 1
' lion has'' , peen received at-the Department ofl
State,of assurances by the French' government
thati,in theirders given to the French- naval
1 i I '1 .
',forces, they 'were expressly instructed, in any
operation's they might engage in, to respect.,
I the flag Of the United States Wherever it might
I appear, aiid to commit no act of hostility pp:l
i(litany vessel or armament 'under its.protee
lion. , \ : .- , . . •
Afinieters Ana tOtisuls of foreign.nations
\ ,
fare the.tneatis end agents, of communication',
rbetween us and those natione, and it is of the
utmost 114(11= 1 ce that,' while residing in the
tcornitiy,ithey should feel a Perfect security, so
long as they fait4fully discharge their re-Spee
!tire duties, and are minty of no violitiOn of
I our lairs. This is the adniitted_law ntnation - 8,1
country -•- ,
and no y has 'a deeper interest in Main-1
'Wining it than the United States. Oar corn..
I tierce spreads over ever', sea, and visits iiveiy.:l
clime"; Oxid our ministers and consuls are; ap. I
pointed to protect the interests of that cont-I ,
I tnere,e, as well as' to guard 'the peace . of the I
1 'th '' h ' - ' f its
,flag._.
' J
!country and maintain e. onor o i g....-
1 1But how Can thei slisehette these` duties uti- .
'less •they ',be themselves protected ; 'and, if
protected, it must be .bythe'lavis of the coun
try in which "they reilde.. Aid what 114 e to
our own putqic functionaries' , re.siding in,. for.
eigu nations is exactlY the measure of *hails
due to the ' innetionstries of other. governments
residing_here. • As in . war; this bearers of flags
of truce are sacred, or else wars would be ill.
terminable, so in peace, - ernhassa' dors, public
ministers, and consuls, charged. with •friendly
national Intercourse; are objects - of especial
respect and protection, each, according' to the
right's belonOng to , his rank and, station.
vieW 6 f important . principles; 'it: :4 with
deep mortification tad iegret .J announce to
you, that, during the excitement .growipg Out
of the execution at -Hama, the office, of her
Catholic instesty's consul at New Orleans, was
assailed hy' , 2t mob; his!property_destrojedi the
Spanish flag found in the - office; carried offend
torn in pieces.and he hiMielf'iminced'io; flee
for Ms perional Safely; which he Suppoied
be in danger" Oa' receiving hitelllgen,ce, of
those eients, I'forthwith directed. the Alia.
n0 .0 f 1 4 10 United 8 4 4 residing Ai. *Pi .0r-
lesue to inquire intot4 bete and- the Wet
of the peeuefety JOS* *Waffled by the - court},
with the intention of laying thew berm. you,
that yeti might mike irinielon for sucti
deniiiti to him ai jest regiod for the -hoer
AIONTROSE, PA., THURSDAY,_ DECEMBER it 1851.
of the nation and the respect which is due to
a friendly poWer might, in your judgment,
,seem to require. The' correspondence upon
this subject between the flecretary...of.,Stati
and her Catholicsmajesty's minister plenipoi,
tehtiarY is herewith transthittedi. •
The, occurrences at IsleW Orleans -has led
me to give my. attention to' the - state of the
laws in re,gard to foreign onthassidors;
tors, andPonsulS. I think -the, legislation' of
the country is defleient in not Prorldinestiffi.
ciently either for the protection pr punishment
of consuls.. therefore recommend the sub.'
jeer -to the consideration of,,Congress. _
•
Your attention is again invited to the ques.
tion'of reciprocal trade between the_' United
Stites and CanSda and other British posses
sions near, our frontier., Overtures for a - con.
pntion upen2this subject bait) 'been received
from her Brittenie Majesty's Minister Pletii
ietentiary,but it seems to be in many respects
preferable that the matter should bp regulated
by reciprocal legislation. Documents are laid
before you showing the terns which the Brit
ish governinent is willing' to ofier; and the
measures which it may adopt,if isome arrange
ment on this subject shall not be made.
From the accompanying copy of a note from
the British Legation at Washington, and the
reply the Department of'Stata thereto, it
will appear that her Britannic. Majesty's gov
ernment is desirous that apart of the, bounda
fry line rntween Oregon rind 'the British pos.
Sessions should be authoritively marked out,
end thait an intention was expressed to apply
to Conerress for'an appropriation to defray the
expenses thereof on the part' of. the United
States.; Your attention to this subject is ac
cordingly invited, and a proper appropriation
recommended. ' • •
' A convention for the adjustment of claims
of citizens of, the United Stetes against Portu
gal has been concluded, and the ratifications
have been exchanged.. The, firstinstalraent
ilfthe amount to be paid by Pertugal fell due
on the 30th of September ilast, and has been
paid.
, .
The President of the French republic,.nc
cording to the provisions of the convention,
hhs been - selected as arbiter in the case of the
General Armstrong; and has sigpified that - he
accepts the trust . end the high satisfactiorrhe
feels in acting= the, Icilnniiti•friend "of two
nations, with which France is united by iienti
meats of sincere and lastingainity. - -
The_ Turkish government has expressed . its
thanks for the kind - recepttoVitiven tri 2 ,the Sal- . _
tan's agent, Amin Buy, on the occasion of his
ncent visit to the United States. On the 28th
of February last, & despatch was addressed by
the Secretary of State to Mr. Marsh, the A.
meriean Minister atConstantinople, instructing
him to ask of the Turkish government per
mission for the Hungarians, then imprisoned
within thb dominions.of the Sublime Porte; to
remove to this count.v. On the 3d of 3farch
last, both HOUSCi3 of Congress pas:sed a reso-.
lution iequesting! . the President ,to authorise
the employment ; f a public vessel to . convey
to this country tonic Kossofisand his associ
ates in captivity.lT
The instruction above referred to was corn.;
plied with, and the - -Turkish governmentbay.:
hag released Governor Kossuth and his ebro
panions froin prison,ed the`loth of Septem
ber last they embarked, on board of the Uni
ted'States steam frigate MissisSippi,which was
r
I selected to carry into effect the resolution of
I Congress. . Govemoi,Kossnth left"the Illissis-
sippiat Gibraltar, for the purphse of making
a Visit to England, and may shoitly, be ex._
pectedin New. York. Eycommunic_ations to
the Department,ofState-he h a s expressed hiti•
grateful acknowledgments for the interposi
tion of.this governmentin behalf of himself
and his associates. This country heti been-
justly regarded as a safe asylum for those'
whont political events have exiled fiord 'their I
own homes in'Europe . ; audit is recommended
to Con:sider in what manner Governer, Kos
milli and his companions, brought here . by its 1
authority, shall be received and treated; . ,
It is earnestly td be hoped that the ditTeren
ces-which, have for some time past been pend
ing between the..government .of the French
republid and that` of -the the SandwiCh Islarids,
may be peaceably and durably adjusted,4o as
to sectnelhe independence of those Islands
Long before the events which have of late im•
' parted so much importsnee..to the,posessioa s
'of the United States. on the Pacific,' we ne.
knoWledgii theindependence the Hawaiian
of
government. This government was first in .
taking . this step, and several -of the leading
powers of Europe followed as. We were
ftnenced-in this me a sure by: the . existing-mad
proSpectivei importance of the islands as a
place of refuge and refreshment for our .nes.
eels - engaged , in the whale and :b./ 'the
con!ideratierr that ttiey lie in the coarse of thei
great trade'Which' must, at no distant day,
carded iikbetween the western coast of North
America7and Eastern ' .
We 'were also hiChieneed by a desire that
t bd s , hdoofti, should n ot passunder the
,con
troi Of - any other - great tnarathne - State,,but
should remain la, an indePendent tondition;
and so be actessibletnid - to the,. Corn.
merit) of all nations: I need not say that the
impoitanie of these considerations has been
greatly enhaneed
_by the mudi;teli and `and 'emit de.
velopmeit whieN the' interest Uoli4
Steps bass attainedln California and Oregon;
and the pOlicy heretofore adopted regard'to
those iadands will; be steadily paiineit.
it:is.g%rseltylog o ' l4o 'ltho consider
•
Lire commercial 4Oterests er nutione,.bui sisci
teed who the: progress of howls*
and thailiffrisitia of religion:tta eft wooptimi-
.
Wily emerge . free] : a savage „ state' and : attain
each degr ie of civilization in 'those distant
seas. .
It hi much to be deplored than the internal
ttatuittility . . :the Mexican• republie, should
again, be -seriously 'disturbed ; for, .sinci the
peace between that'republii and the: United
States, it had „enjoyed such' cotnparative
pose thatthe most favortiqe' anticipations for
the future might, 'with a degree of , confidenee,
haye'been indulged._, These, however', have
been thwarted by the recent outbreak in-the
State - of Tamitulipas, on the right bank of the
Rio Bravo., • Raving received information that
persons from thtv,United States had taken part
in the insurrection, and apprehending that
their; example might belollowed by others,,l
-caused orders ' to be : issued for the purpose of
preventing any hostile expeditions - againat
Mexico from being set on foot, hi violation . of
thelaws of the United States. I likewise is
eued a proclamationupon the_subject, a copy'
of which is hereFith laid 2 before , you. This
appeared to be rendered imperative by the ob
ligations of trenties and the general duties of
good neighborhoodi. •
In my last annual message I informed Con.
gress that citizens ofihe United States had
undertaiten the connection of the twb oceans,
by means of a railroad across the Isthniun of
Tehuantepec, under a grant of the ldexiems
government .to. a citizen of that republic. end
•;
that this enterprise would probably be prose
cuted with energy whenever Mexico should
consent to such stipulations With the govern.
went of the -United States as'shou:d itupart'a'
feeling of security to thbse who should in
vest their property in the enterprise.
A convention between the two governments,
for the accomplishment of that end has been
ratified by th i government, RA only awaits
the decision of the congress and 'executive of
that republic., •
Some unexpected di ffi culties aid delays have
arisen in the ratification of that convention. by
Mexico, but it in to be presumed that her de
eision will he governed by just and eniighten
ed views, as welt of the general importance of
the object, as or her own interests and oblige.
In negotiating upon this important subject,
this goiernment has had in view one, and only
one object. That object has been; and is, the
constnction or attainment of a passage Trom
ocean to ocean, the shortest and best for tniv
ellers and merchandise, and'equally open to all
the world: It has sought, to attain no territo
rial acquisition, nor any advantages peculiar to
itself; and it would see, with, the greatest re
gret, that Mexico should oppose any,obstaele
to the accomplishment of an enterprise which
promises so_much convenience to the whole
commercial, world, and such eminenr.advanta
gel; to Mexico herself. • Impressed with theie
sentiments - and these convictions, the govern:
meat will continue to exert all proper efforts
to bring abOut the necessary arrangement with
the republic of Mexico , for the spee4icom
pletiou of the work.-
For some months past the republic of Nies.:
ragiia has been the theatre of one of_ those
civil convnlsions, from which the cause of free
institutions, and the general. rosperitY and so
cial progress of the. Stateis of Central Ameri
ca, have so often and so severely suffered.=
Until...quiet shall havo been res . tered, : m3d
government apparentlY stable shall have been
organized, no advance earl prudently be Made
in disposing of the questions pending between .
the two countries. • .
I am happy to announce that an inter.oceanic
communication from the, mouth of the St.
John to the pacific, has been so far' accoth.,
&jailed as that. passengers: hive actually Am
versed it, and merchandiie has'been transport
ed over it ;- Sad when the canal. has been com
pleted, -according to, the original plan, - the
means of communication will be further' im
proved.l
It is understood qiet a considerable part of
the'railrOad across the, Isthmus of Panama has
been'eempleted, and that the mail and passen
gem will in future be conveyed thereon.
Whichever „ot the several . routes between
the two oceans may ultimately . prove most eli
gible •for travellers', to and from -the differer t t.
States on the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico and
mr coast on the Pacific, there is little'reason
.to doubt that till of them: ill be - rigeful to Itit;
publie, and will liberally reward that incl.ivide
'tit.erprise, by - . Which ,alone they *nave been .
or ern expected to ho cc..nieci
Peacelias been tinneludvia between_the con
tending partici.; in the island of St. Domingo,
,and it ; is hOped ton &durable basis:..Shah
is - the extent of.our commercial relationii with
tl',•at Island, that the United States cannot fail
to feel a strong interest in its tratiquility.
The - office of Commissioner to China re
mains unfilled; several Persons' have, been ap
pointed; and the plaei has been . ' to
'ere, all, of whom have declined its acceptance,
on the`ground of the irMdminacY - cri" the com
• •
pensation 7. Theannnal allowance by law is
six tlionsti nd dollars,and there
for any outfit: I 'igartiestly '.rceetimend thti
consideration_ of Ithis-stibject :toy Congress; T .'
Our reomineree,svith-Chinti •• is highly: impnt
tent, and is- beconiingi mom and more Bo in
coneduence of the increasing intercetime be
, tarein'ear porta on the Pacific cdast and Wit.
ern Mitt: Chinn lobe be a eoun
try in' !s7 Fer,YWenelv4 find
of neyntion, 4y , the 'Amerioan
pilis4;mer enehitheiwhoad not be. Owed' iit•
regard to aompeneation ! .csranaqual fooling
with Mintaat Mho relfree* •this co untry, at
the coatis at 'Europe. 2 : • ,
-By reference '49 the ReportAt td .t
_ . ,
of theiTreasary it will be seen that - the aggre.
gate receipts:for : the last fiscal year amounted
to 852,312,979 87, , which, with the - , balance in
the , Treasury on the - lit july, - 1850i•gaft, as
the available means, for the yetir, the sum of
$58,97,524'86. ; • •
. - S . • -
The total eipenditares' for the -
"same period were, ' $4 8 ;005,878. 68
The total imports for the year •-• '• • •
ending'3oth Jane, '5l, were, 215,705,995 00
Of which there were in 5pecie,":.4,967,901'00
The_ exportsfor i the same pen. , '
od were,.. -.217,517;130 00
Of Which there ,ere . ,
of dimestic pro. •
-ducts, I 017 . 8,5416,555
Foreign - . goods' re • - • I'
- - exported -' 9,738,693 • ' • '
Specie, ; 29,231,880 ;' •
, • !---,--217,517,180'00 1
• Since the first of December last,.the 'par
manta in card', oti - sccount: of the pubile debt,'
exclusive of interest, have - aniounted to 57,-
501,456 56; which, however, includes the sum
of '83;342,400 paid under thd twelfth article /
of the treaty with Mexico; and the further
suin of 82,591,213 45, being the amount of
awards - of - Americin eitiiens,,under the late
treaty with. Mexico, for which the issue of
stock was authorised, but which: was paid in
cash from the Treasury. •
The public debt, on - the 20th ultimo L exclu.
sive Of. the stock anihorized to be issued to
Texas by the act of 9th Septeinber, /850, Was
862,560,394 26: I • - •
The receipts of The next ! fiscal yeer are es
timated at 851.800,000, which, with the prob.
able . unappropriated 'balance hi the Treasury,
on.the . 3oth of June, next, will give, as the
probable. available means fur that year, the
sum of 863 258,74309. • „ •
It has been deemed proper, in view of-the
large expenditureiconsequent upon the acqui:
sition ,of: the territory from Mexico, that the
estimates for the 'next fiscal year - should'be
laid before Congress in such' a manner as to.
distinguish the expenditures so acquired from
the otherwise, ordinary . llaimed. upon the
Treasury. !
The• total Cxperiditures for the next fiscaj
year are estimated at 1842,892499 19,..0f
which there is required for the ordinary pur
poses of the government, other than the& eon
sequset upon the acquisition of our neirterri
tories, and deducting the payments on account
of the public.debt , , the sum of $33,1343, •198,-
08; and:for the purposes connected - directly or .
indirectly with those territories, and in the
. fulfilthent of the.,Abliedions of the;_aavem~_
meat, contracted in consequence" of their #=
quisition, the sum Of 89,549,191 11.
If the views of the Secretary.of the TIIIII3.
my in reference to the expenditures required
for these Territories shall be met. by corres
ponding action , on; the put of Congress,: and
appropriations made in accordance: therewith,
,therewill bonn. estimated unappropriated
- wee in the TreaSurkun the 30th, June, 1853,
of $20,366,443_90; wherewith to :Meet Viet'
portion of the public , debt dndun the first kily_
following, amounting' to 58,237,931 35, as
well as any appropriations which mak be made ,
beyond the eslimatei. •
,!
In this refe i rring to the .esti mated
tura on account of our newly acqnired Terri
tories; I may express the hope..thatbnngres .
silt concur with me in the desire that :a liber,
al course of policy minx:, be pursued. towards
them, and that every; obligatton'expreaSed or
implied, entered into in consequence .of their
acquisition, shall' be fulfilled by:the mostliber
al appropriations for that putpoSe.
. -
The values of ouT,domestic. eiports for the
last fiscal` year, as cornixtrca With fiesta of the
previous year, exhibit h au increase of 043;646,
3;22. At first View o'o:condition of our trade
with foreign ricitiops would seemAct_tiresent
the most flattering 'tropes of its foture prosper!
RI?. An exarnimxtion of the detaili of our ex
ports, however; will -show. that the increased
value of our-oxports for the last fiscal year is,
tate Tonne. in the high price of cotton ivhich
prevaliefrderirikAhe first half *.of that year, l
which "firice . has silica - declined about•one-half
Thn value of our, exports of breadstaffs and
pip visions,
,Whicii IC Was jupposed„,the
tiva of a low aratlarge importations flew
abroad Would have :greatly .augmented,- has
fallen from $68,781,921, in 1847, to $26,851i
-373-in 1850, and to - 6'21,0484;58 1851,
a stronm.probaliilitv amounting • almest' to - a
certainty, of a, still CIF cr Xe ire on in ' the
current year. - '
The 'a,garegAte value of rice exported daring
the last fiscal year, as compar the pre
vious, yem exhihit a dOcreqso amounting
to 6460,917, which, with . a decline 'in the val
.
nos of the exports of, tobacco for tho same pm
period, snake an alig,Tregate,deerease 'in these
tWo; articles of 81,150,751. •-• •
'The policy which dictated a-low-nits Ot
ties on, ofeign thelchundiso, itwaSthongbi by
thoso who promoted satteititblisheilltoibuld
tendto benefit the fanning populoliOil of,this ,
noOntry, by increasing the deiinfictni4.raising
the PriC - ;* ofagricultaral prefiltote in foreign
- t-
TheViltgoing 'PON 1115wever. seem, elow
itcottettibly,that no such melt hue followed
the adoption.of this policy.= Chrtho Contrary *
Potwithetanding tlLe repeal of th e ,f r ea r i e u vo
torn taws in England, the >foreign der6rid tor
the • products' the American has
steadily declioid c . since the Aid' crop,: and
consequent frun
iee. Ina pargaa - eir
happily PO 04,0 :
s. ,
)!,Bif4il# to j4l ) epoi.
n* l 4 for , ill° .PLlsCtiear, :that the
*As, daaamtic COMB
mud in ttafaiught itant4l: - ai* hattoi-
$40,009,0.09'ayer the value of Iluitjexper4 fait
_
the year Proieding. This is net dui' ttriur
general thisnand tar - that artiele; :halo 'ttuif
shOrt troPet the preeedingyear; - 'which :mei:,
tea an Inereated demand Ittni 41 4. 1 them'ente&
price for- the;' crepi et last jai: Shonld ' thei.
eotton croP boorgoing forward to - market *
only equal id quantity to that of theyear 'pm- -
ceding, 'and be sold - at the piseent prices, then
there-would be , a falling,4sffitt the , value
.or
Mir exports 'for rtheprrient - fi lial year : ef it.
least s 4 o,ooo,ooo,:eempared with the amend
exportad for , the year ending 30th June; lend;.
- The' production-of *in Caliierntajjtor
the past year- r im s :erns torpronthte- g - longe"--aulti.
ply of Allot metal' froniktiust (Limiter for lomat.
thaw :to "come. - This large' inktniailiicre r ssi" 0-
of the Currency of tho - Watia'saissibe atteng+
ed ivith the usuA results:— - - .
These - have been alreadipartiallydiscloseo4
the enhancement 01 pricia;and a rishispiiii
of speculatieu and adveritto oter‘'
;'trading; as well at home as abroad,' Ilniesii
some salutary cheek shim *given- to these
tendencies, it is to be A.ltedlhat importatieni
of dry goods beyond a heoiiiji demote In this;
country will Ipad to Sudden didirot the Pre
eious tnetals from us; bringing with: 2 as; it:
has done . in former times, the Inost - disastreua
consequences to the fusinesit and capita ' at
the American people. -' -.'- ' ' " - '' i •
The exports of specie . - to iltitidate - our fop; •
cign debt during' the pant - emit yeas_ bii4beeri
$24,263;979 over the ' amend of specie . Ina
-ported. - The exports of,isPecie"durinethS;
first quarter of - the prasent rhea year; 'ha ii
been; $141,651,827-- Shotild'ipecie vontinu‘
to be exported at 'this 'rate flir. the making
three4aar,ters ortliiii'yearOt etrlit 'drain trent
our metallic curnmiev - dUring the Year eilrMi
30th •liine, 1852, 'the' Mier:Piet* amount 'et '
$58,607,3081 - • -: -,' J. J', '., - ' - jy , . ,
'ln the 'present prosperens - coiditk4 of -
national finances, it will become the- Anti of
Coagresi to etinsider the beat Mode 4'04_14
off the' public:debt. - It the present'aiiikaitici=
pated suiplis 'in the Treapinit'shottknol'bi,
absorbed, rapiiiniiin'tiilini of*ei*ikiiiii*
iifcharacterAtillamphis l shottid bi'euiPliiiiil .-.
in such a- way- - and under sichjestrie'tioni",als
Congreis Mak enact; in e ' itingaithing:the#t z
Standing debt etthe nation. .!,' '- . ''-- -
":By'-feterance to tlin'itni or ` Conn egasppeo:
ved 9tlr September,-18fick;it will'be-apen that,.
in ennsideration of certain 'Tcrneesatorialky.the..
State of Tiede it is Providedihntthe.llfi"ttict
of ten thillicnin ofdolkiii; is stock dear nyi
five per cent. Internet pitiable bait peardp,' at
the 'riilioiy,orthe lliiitediStaine's
, In the.same!aectitniof tha' law ia ; further
prorided," that no more then: On million* of
said atock'shall be flatted fintil! the credicois
Of the State holding lxiiide riled i'-iither.YeertlV-
entes of Stdek of Texas, for which; deles - pti ,
impeks ttereeliechtilk- 010g64, 1 04 - 4*fifi '
sit Trenanty - of the:United 2iatiii ielescatis
of &int% - *tont the Kited 6t - a:
on neconnVoranid be ieritfienten;:lt
welt torss.ne elialF Oe' tiiritied- by the'Seiii::
feta!) , of:the Tientuit; end'
President - of the
Thrift:4m of reicaeb . thus . :provided-' for 'ha
1;e en Prescribed by the Sekretary•O'filte
nry, and aPproved. --It has itibilehed: hit
all thelcadingnewspapere in the commercial
cities of tlaXnited - States; and all testi; ni"
holdiniclainw:if Inc -41 aeLirfotIfoa.itc:31:dk.:
foregoing provisn4ere required - 14i , Weir:
releases- (in' the .p ees in Abe ,
'Treasury - pi the United Brates;:' , :eti' , 4 &Torii!'
tin; dap pf October,. thir
&Mean on - has been iontinned triOnt the:
(lay - or staiefi; 4151-; yey4 to ; the",let of Oeto.
ber, 11851 . `cothparitiieti feWL
hien:Wed I) therodiPCT - e: 4 3t -
Tao intberities the:Stattr of Teams;
at. the request Of the Secretary* fake train:a
-ay have furaisitedascheduleint-thipitblic
of tint State created prier to her adndaidoi
into "the Urilon2,' with alcoPy 'Afthe
which each alai*" einithige4,
' I have, !film' the. itoctiniertizilftmisha
the §(4O of Toxas, ' 4 jeterinine4 the ; classes
claims which in iny ..jedgtient; fail. Within the "
provisions of the act of.Congtes, of:the. 9th
'of Rovtgaiber, - 18'40. • • •
en being 941day...inform .of. Abe weep+
tante by Texas of the Ipropesitlons'ennteinedt
in the act referred* testi - ea t o atoeir
Prepared; and the fire ittlftfron' et*oh`tiiet tO be
issuad'uneohditionallY;
fico peicotirfiNini:tholiit s.l iiis l : l 4, lot
heti° been fai sbmatitne 'ready tObe delivekof
to the State , orf Tana. 'aetitiaties
Texas, up to the preitorilete !thin, not sul
ititirized any one tit, tetE*4l44 etoeb, and it,
remains in th e'PeifftfiVePattetent, Itubirti
'to tho order cif Wear, : s t
The releases, requiretiby law to be dope,'
Ited the TreasterY, not havfneleen' filled
therer'_the - remaining , fira hive nOW,
halt int(eit* TVda fait * * meant of the' 'sfeak
beelthiteld Vans Th'sa
tioni upon lififeh'it is toy lie
with by the eitait;iniCiiii:litat 844,,
unle." Pre' "O s ' hal 119 *, arwl .!e '
m 04610403 fir 44)fi+,, 4 -0
'wind jurri:V• 4 / 4 4114 4/
: 1 4414.. Leiffilthe resetle
which ind.ttelfti44) rivouttottn44'maines'
thin of4he ,preseetfteriff;.bputurverting • . the
yracpiorsm spenfielluty; , wherever - 04'
Mick. imported was-of such a character„ ask to' •
PitiaitlAwithattfuoVa 4 0 Ortitdostreit 0114
be in fttrl i ,r44
our. CiikeCitiliWy ark toe di b
41141 0 Wjeio.o
=MI
ER X 49,