" E:tt
to. G. 11E1PATE 10. E liter and Proprirtor
•It ND ilri• 0,.1TS • r r ash
. or t olers If nal 1....1 1.11.1 nol 01 the
N07.. '" :11 " e• " ; 71 !! ' ::.nt.t...1 ttettl arrvare.t.'•
" 11==trel ' Ire7.4 ' 71 . P•Ito to reft.reutm•
03•03 .3.twev " . 3. "
nr .,
tvn3
oo
134350.* 3e3t;ao
0.3443, 3 mouth.,
4 00 .
Rosiness Canis. a four lin, nr less. 4 no
- - -
Tour, kilseruiers ivrlio or ospy not over 4 sonsros.l 7 oil
Ow/ solotioo. 000 vas,
irr All Ms li a.l. WORK nosily anal iisiooliiii ' i2; . ;
Ar()1,111/ E 111
dont an favnrattle term.
Gen. Jackson's
FAREWELL ADDRESS
FIILLOR etTll2,6l.:—lleitta :Alma to re
tire 1144.411 y from roblic li 44. 1 g bore 1.4
offal -3N. my ^r ocrol I i.l aka Igo 444 m los
proof,. of ki0414444.8 au., 4 , 44k4f1444,44 441 i 4414 I
!mac recoir.ol .it yoo It I.
ford m‘soll in dolfie;tlt .101
•n n , ,;1 eno,el
motion were nei'easa.y.s......„. _
1. our Ulm.. and 1.• guiles them to lot jest to others . ,
rent of Ole coul, re.' Aloe! that !deli ca- iii,,„ cold hi . i ii; . i , t „ i.e.„. hope to re err j„-tier at their lands.
elcm•ibibli"'" sit all l"' co ..! , " 1 ; ‘''''-on- T. e 4.,.., „.. e .,., 4 ,;,,,..1 i , film j u5 .0.1,1,, 11 a itt .siler to maintain the Union un-
Sarr'l- nn-litotes
it : in "" 4 ''''' d '''''' w '' at si "" h•gaev .1: Washing... t•. him ementrtn ~,,, . impetired, it is nbselutely reeeesanry that
of gratitude that 1 eel...fled/it the eon-
siiniiiii ,
eheriniii.ii in ti 0 in.. ,
iii .
ini.ery the ben pee: . 1 by the e. netattte;; author.
tint ' s "' sad ""horde" r ' s ' a kur '' with wi ' irh eitiseft to the latest generation; and, per- lei,. stood,' ho tash.elly executed in every
you have nuntained toe in tsery , trial Yly hope, et no porto; of tine, „ a dd t h ey b e pert of the country, and that every gond
public " lan Iwo " a I 0',4, "ire ' and I %."‘°- noire usefully remembered ilean at tic pre- t•itisete eh sel.lo at all time., Mood ready t
not hope that is l'''':' *s ••• • !". ', . ".'" .111 moment. For wlk fee we look upon th.• pia aerie. with the ceenleirod force ot the
from """•"' if s I hav'' the r '"""'" t "" " 1 .enes that aro passing arosel on, a ••1 etatien, every attempt at rinlawful tesint•
knowing that, mistakes Lay,- heal ..ten. dea upon, the peace of hi s porting 0d.1,r.i . mere, under whatever pretext it may be
milted, they have ma seristi•lv Herod the hl. pe ; e ',,, :el eette .,,, le mo m ..,„„ k to b,. not mule. or whatever shape it nine enstinie. -
countr y I tt " attal. " tal Y rwiray ' ret•l s " '"' rsr ; nice ely the-, ffatriog of o inl and fire. Umaose ki t e i .... al or oppressive laws mar nn
and, at the stoniest when I surren.ler er..v
ni g ht. lint tio c.d. of prophe fm melling doubt lee passed by ( nn
Est
either front
64 ' P a" ' tr " s e t. . l leava . thi . s , '''',.. rwa , br,''''r Forte a
and waretieto us or the evil to e....e. erronenus i Skies or the Want of due eounill.
prosper... sou oappv. 11l the 111 . 1 eac.3- Forte p•ars have 1 ....1 since thin inip• r- °reline ; if they ore within reach of jeolieial
mint of he ar t, e ,„l pea: , eo, honored and iatteklele el..ceem'sa was Ft , . to his country- eittleeite. the remedy is ease and peaceful,
resfeeted by every mai.n of the world men. Ti„. Federal c . ,„, sf i tee i„, k was t h e ,, II 41 if, ft.. the character ..f the law, it in
r t " ).1 """ la ' ell ' r " h ' yr ' in any d 'r tre • regarded lip Ism an nn expel fineable's' he s o an elm. of power not mullein the control
eentribeted t, pr.,. to pia these hies- evoke „f A i „ w eed: b ee .. het au experiment or the judi••iary, th. free diPtotaSinil and
ti "(a, I hare ha ;" ,ra than rrwardrti b ; • upon the SaCeetiA of which the bea hopes calm appeals to reason and to the jestiee
the honors you onco ...pt.. ttp-n in t ; o;";. „f hi, country ,]„"„(1,,I, and too all b oo .. of the people, will not fail to reel., the
above all, by the gene.n cenfelenee with that ho ,sus -',..,..i y to tat d„.„ his Ii ~, ie wrong Bet mad the law shall he de. lar
which von have aerie atoll mein every omit, oeeeeeery. t.,
secure to it a 101 l e „.l a kit eel void ley the c earls, or repealed by Con
wt.' with which you l'. , t , ct'tta't , " l to ant-
,vial The trial has bean made It has arms, ta hells ideal or eanbietation of in
mate old ahem sly If tOt to the dafing hour , ~,,,,IA b„,f t h e pr ,„„1,,,, t ' q ., o f dlivida lin, eon he jeintified me forcibly resist•
of my ',Athol lice The time lan et sr e.O
those who frneno.l it. Every quarter of ing its execution It is hopootible that .y
when a'iraure'l.a4r nod a , h ,..."" 5 !'" Fr one, thin with IC eXteiitieli notion hat felt its government can cootie.. to raint Nina any
warn met,
Ides•ing, col slea.ed iii the general pros-' other principles. It would ya. to be a
bat the recollection of th e ninny lava, : t ine - e , nu , ~,,bk eed by lit. a d opt i on G ot am id !government, and be toome; thy of the name
Lave bestowed upon me in engrave on nee ', hie a „„,, al 1 „,,,, p ,•, ;,,.„,,, t ei a,.,„l,a g ,,,,,,.„, if it hail not the lamer to enforce the roe-,
hears ' sti ' l I hav '' Irlr thnt I r ''' l i " A ' l'''" the ilangets .4. which 1:c sereo.l us are 11, Cali.. of its owe hart within its own spherr.
from your swvice with eit eolcieg this pale- ebtg every
day
,„,,,,, e, We,. ~,,I the .•f :onion.
lie ark "" whniet "'"" r ti , " g'ati'"'' rune nem. of evil arc • suffivientl, apparent to, It is true that cases stay he imagined
,you. A"Ib • I ""'" tins '"'''-l`i . ". t'. off - o le woken floc deepest :Anxiety in the bssom .linel••sing such a settled purpose of materna
you the csatisell of apt and teal) e ienee.
~, the 1 „,, ri
, i, we hew ,
eye , emakta 0 .. Ilion awl open canon, on the p er t of the c.c.
you will, I truest. reeinve Nam with the ions pulthely mole to Son, the seed of die- : c 1111 l lent, as would justify as appeal to at era.
same indulgent kind...set wide' , ''..t . ltar . 's ." 1 , 011 bet weeii different parts of the United These, however, are extreme eases, whieli
°la " aatawiri to " te ' at h. "' stu''''' the
States, gel to place tarty dividons direolt i we have no reason to apprehend in a pee-
an earnest desire to perpetuate he this In.
upon ge .graphittal elintinctionn 1 to excite, mamma where the power is in the Imo de of
vorod land. the ble-sings of liberty and toe so u th ag dust the aort al, nod the north n patri.aie ropL• ; and no (this,n who loves
equal laws.
tea.. the south, noel to forret boo the • nine metes woffil, in any ease whatever, re. :
We hive now lived Men .f fifty yearn ~',,,,,n 0 „,. the „„, t , d e th. At t,. ~,,i 1 e s e iti o , ~ i t to forcible resiarince, iteile. he clearly
owl, the e .naitisi a tented by the Sages , ~,j,, , ,_,,,,j,. ei ,,,,, t o ne !, it t,, k kepo s s ibe,,!sow that the till. had a„ , when a freeman'
and l atri•en of t h e R ~„I,.i i „. 11. 0 ,on- flat a large ;ore ion of the Uni 111 l en., ever, should prefer elentli to sulinki•sion, for if snide
diets is which the et ttio aof Beta were ✓ ,„ l „, k with,„, snood
engaged diving a great part of that it., b.' tot, ,„„ ~,,,,i,. „ 1 „,1„ t „ w.ctin„al tote- int., section of the monsry arrayed in lams
-the al"ris t, w h irl ' ''''''S waged wn " a g ' i ." t ea , is order to i ditto .1; t e les. elm thoe 10 the again+ , t"fat , f 4 stccalter in d mild enoilier i
wadi taloa. ....I 'me i tun ace e .mtee rend c
.k,.. ta g ,„,,,,,,, a , k : i f a t erg .1...0 t h at !let the battle result as it may. them will he
cosioxi .1n welt every parr of IL. .. elated he eh odd ;•.„:„. it p ,r,i,„l„, q u a, ter Of ti.,. 1 nil rt.! of the fi.don, mat with it elk end to
world, tealsred i t , t , ~,, „ f ~,,f, diffi nth' ~,not, v. moved to feellilbee: Incl ditties .if ! , 1.. , hope+ of freedom. The victory of awl
for the g oerteee. e t o f t , I' i t,. I S.aff.• I,A. tea . ..m o ill. hop A .A.,11,,,k, ,„ „II ~ „„t , iijored would not Seelire to them the ble, :
" ' h"'" hid ""r '''''s "'' 'n l'''''' ! •'' 4 ' ' ths e o s n'i .„ d,.....; ni n . j 0, 0 I, a l., i n ,N'sii.g4 of libel iy ; it mould nent%, Ilio . ir.
W. , . i , ith all i:iii i'vik ntiit'h 1. , ' ml!" t :'. l - a . t e '„ etf 1,1„.,,,, „„ te di e ., foa l f am ili a . !wrongs, but they mould theaumelves share in :
lo w a s l a t e ..1 It taility with powerful , na.
subject I .1 ' dianissioe. Ilan the wareling . the COOIIIIOII ruin.
lions We eat mntor...l the. trial. with ~I.lr ~1 . 0 ~r NV ,oliinpt„, Lon, forge,,ten . e nr But the Constitution cannot be maintain-'
eett•lileli m• Ye' i ,its 'lb' ''' "" I a "I'w laive .I. seal, ale ..k.13 lee. termed to seam !eel, Sr the Ueti 111 l prenerved, in ;Trait ion
the di-s.lvaiskaes w Ist, a new ,id totaled t ! I. Voi s• ? Let it not he stipponal that to: public feelieg, by the mere exertion of
government most Attica,n reel when it is 1 ill.pate co al! m those wi i . I m e e Mi r ., iin the e reeve
. mare, s cot; ed to the General;
called upon to pot lone, its w!..110 arena:lh. ~, ie ,, t ~, 0,, ~,,,,,,,,i ~,,,,,,,fie kb h. Goveromoet glee hated:ohms most ho h il t
act ne. Cee 1i: ,,, .. 3 '.‘!''' '''.''''''' g' .i in. ,11•51 .9, a nail, . i rttii..lisill or of pub- In. •the afreetiolia of the people ;in the seen- •
or the a•rih s s , ''': l' - ' • '‘ ni " • '''' t ''.i' t n. tit S i ,'" lie air I act. The hat. table f. elibg of State city it given to life, hung tc, character old,
me:Loire, ant w. Ha,- ,k I,', il I 111 l /till
1111,1J nal local enactment, find a plaee in propett v in every quest, of the country;'
needy through all then • iliffioulties. Oar e.ot- th,.bosoninot the mo-tettliallt. nod and pure seed in the fraternal etteohnient which the ,
Stitutiat, in no ho ,der a .1 misfit, ezpeti
lief a hils soca men are ee. c iems of their eii aeon of the Permed States bear to elle,
Wont, and, at the cot 1 of !marl. hal.' a eco- , ,
~,,, ~y and h ~„,,,,..,11,„.1,,,, they on o,. mealier an members of nom political family.'
tury, we fl til that it La preonw,l Violin
nneer t li lorget Vont the e kiss. tit other . eitetteally rontributing to pronante tllO hap- i
paired the hi."'" iit . tit'' Pit Ph'. ^it.'"ie'l Stales a , t h e i r political i i . c ie,,,,, ; old' pines" cf . °soh other. Hence the citizens,
the rig"' '-''• Icr"rms,Y• mod lt .'“,s. ''''r, s"."; (het, however mistaken they iney he in' sf every State slionid studiously s epia ee n • t
tr y has it " 1 " . "'" I a . o ". is " "!", t ."""4 ""P' th e ir views, Om gro a t boa r of th e m a re ry thing calculated to hound the mossibility I
any former examen: to the nista y of na
tel really Lo e.; and up, i l ls with thenoielver or arcuate ejost pride of the pe ,pie of other I
Lion,.
%anal anspici..na and reproaches mar i n Staten; awl 1 key shokild frown upon nn
In our a inlcAtia coot Tr., there i., every• time erode motual hontilay nod artful and in oceeeliogs within thtir own borders likely
thing to encsurage as, and if you are true to tbeiget „ a moo w i ll ; a uk ,. b' fb en a,a,„ to distut b tie- trae , quility of their political . .
Yearrar".• "'"l'i''r r."' i"iPr'le .1""r at'rrh are reneel to foment t h e . fatal divisions brethren in other patios. of tho Units.-'
Mto the highert leoint of natio., prosperity.
awl to inflame the natural jealousies or die- lo a country so extremely. ae the United!,
The Staten which lead so long been retail]. aw l with limonite no varied, th e in •
facia sections of the couary. The hiss ,-' State.,
eel in their im . prteseatient, by the Indian
ry of tlke world is fit'l or such examples,' tonal regulationsof the several States, must
tribes rosidieg se the midst of them, nee at a ,, t; .., r ,„w ily t. 6 hl w ,„, or r ,,,,,n e , . frequently diffei from one another in im
length relieved from th.• evil; sod this un- a,
a'oete. have von . gain by deniable end portma particulars, and this difference is
happy rave-the oreainal dwellers in e mr
•Ii lse l aim, ? Dole lint yournelves with , mmtmidablY inn...." by the varying Pri"-
la a a - a" ' a "' Pla"a'l in a tti " Minn w " h
ere the belief that • breach onee more may lie eiplea opm which the American ,
e col a
we may well hope that they will elms?. „teeth:et' It 0:0 ff„f ek , is ewee am, ree l, were originally planted; principle which i .
the blessings of civilisation, and le. saved thin 1i
:o ~f :tapered ot ar ,,,,, „bi er old tr i. : had take.. deep root in thew 'social relations!,
eenwhilautahattytlirreatelVeahsptitdalyoiltet'leT;rgl."" whine S" der, and the coneroverties which are now, before the Revolution,
. ... debated and atatlol i i the hall, of leciala• eceessity ii floceeing their policy since they
they remainA in the Slates; M 1.1114110 the . . will slim . n b. fr k „1 in a .I.l s of halt- . • b awnu tree nod iodepencleitt Staten. But
safety and comfort of our own otixona have .
nu he determined
been greatly Pr 1111 l lea by slab' removal , should y , e d os i ve y 1111 l ,i, e . with the, regulate fu ,own internal temeerre. seeonling I
the philanthremet will re) , ire that the rent- hope, that the 11. st lino or soparation would to it. own Pleasant i mod while it duos Me'
null of that ill. fated race has bees at
be the pereestocut one, and that nothing but interfere with the right or the poop'. of
Wirth Oar" b•7":" 1 lb" 'reel' or injury " r helm .oev and e .nerd would ire fennel in' other States, or the right of the Union, eve
opi,,eek,., ofd that the paternal care of ells , die asa eiotienea termed upon the ells- op State must be the role judge of themes-,
the General GoVerninent „ill Ile...Neter i !
Notation oil thin linion. Loral intereqs ' awes proper to secure the safety or its eiti- 1
watolt neer them sod protect them 11.111
would *till be 8 , there, and imehastened sons and promote their happiness, and all of-
If era t „ eo ~.me twlntewes with ,oreicet ambition. And it the recollectime of on.. I torts en the part of penplo of other States 01 ,
pl.feral. we del ont e ;;;ni , i;;..q..lN gnat- en, n daeogeree, in wide+ the people of thew cart odium upon their inntitutione, mot all,
Vying. Actuated by tile sine.° deed. to
United States stool side by aids ngsiest ' mementos celonlated to disturb their rights : ,
do joitieu to every nail oh slid e.,prenerve
tbe blessings of peace, our ieepre... with the e,:ta fro; the teete „ ry or e i at „ riee l of property. or to pug in Jeopardy their:,
part , woo by their united vale; the proomeeity "peace and interest tranquility, are in direct )
this has laam
in nn the ' a seed happiness they leave teed wed wider the opposition tot he spirit in which the Union
San g tvertiment to the Spirit o f 1ra...,
, prelim, getimituti u; the proud mane they. wet located, wl must endanger JIM safety.,
r a " . 1 ... . 1 1 4° ,...'P 1 . :1:1.: s i o a' r S t i o a t a ro t o h d a jo t a is to ".7 . hear as Masco* of thin great reptilelio ; if, klutives of phibmthropy may be &Indeed I
'these recollections and proof* of common line this nowerratelebie interference • and'
Daluex of old weedi eg have lwen
Samoa are not smog enough to bind en weak men may persuade themselves ' for • I
surmounted by Mandl. , diommitto. end
,the ingot her as one people, what tie will hhi ' moment that they are laborind in the Game
mutual desire to ba Jost:
~,,,, bean laa claims
thin Ueda, dissevered 1 The first line of ,of humanity, arid aencrting the right of the I
ark.kaar"aida"stea.:"`"t"te hail
a "`" s te "" .l , w keo ,'"s'empanttion would oat last for • Angie gen. I human tam but every one, upon sober re-1
___.---• hare at "" all '" '"'" a se ' aaada 's - oration ; new framnents would be torn off t !Lett..., will me that nothing but mireitief I
add adlosted, soil eatiefaetory arrange
, , new leader. would spring up I amid tide greet; eon mime from these improper ameba upon
mend rL mule ca their ' al PaYm'as' ana l , and glories
Watt. a Madan, an, I trust. a temporary into a nethitude of petty States; armed ' eared that the men fount! busy in this work
wapiti., tier relation. with liver Power , c,, .„,,,.1 ugr y tt i orh , 1 1,,.4,,1 with taxes lof dimoord are not worthy ayes? otonlidemter
are saw of the most friendly eharaeter-
" 4 """ 4 I " °a. " T amar al the
out OMMlnaire• eominually a:mottling, and to pay armies std leallers,L . seeking aidand deserve your strongest reprobation.
world
against each other from foreign powers; I I n th e l og isiatlon of Congest" elm and In!
Dar l ag ,lam b ed and trampled arm by the mahout every maim . of abe General Government,
.
___,_ !of Romp°, until hammed by sootiest!, end' jambe to every portion of the United States
o.,,,ll4",,...oattalolantiro.lras„otatti'do owe - un to ' '' bumbled and debased in spirit, they would ' I should be faithholly observed. No free goy ,
""'" --- -. ""s" -- -- -- ";,:-..* aa ' a r r , be ready to submit to the absolute &min- I eminent ean stand without virtue in the pea.:
Provhiones. to the edoPdet" of L.. .. 4 T' . lon of any military ad 1111 l rer, and to mar- !pie, and a lofty spirit of patrintlem ; and if
o , ° :,„„ aa t to a t i aa ,.....„, l o t , i l t r o ,„ y ".., 11 7„, ttoo a 144 " in h ...." . render their liberty for the sake of remota I the sordid teensy of mere setlishnme shall I
- le ...im.d --- ood a-- 11.0.4.71, - .ndart - - - one ......---po: It is imlosvibi• so io n ic "" she a n a a imlas"' 1 amsrP the plum which ought tn be Illed by I
t , -,----....------.--i....------,..--_-,----,....-i ars shim would inevitably follow the de- I De mi. .1,4 g, 11.
I mr islialrn of ()mires, will
shown - ,... 116- , aa r k ''',„, .."„,,,,,... -- 7,„%"" 7."....; Sarandon of this government, and one feel !li oog t ri , ...ma im. ... ram ble f or pe
' test of a " " a-an a— —•-•-• i indignant when we hear cold esitmlations anal end metiettal ativantagds. Under our
shown the whetter and foresight of those .
, t „, 'about the value of the Union, and have no i r b ra dt ri ck.,. eh. Ai... o f ivory guar.
wiis P ion it; gad h as pmaalt Ma t *" ! mamma ber line Of ean d uel so 'a ll ot am. ens.try IMO 'enable of attaining
the Uoinn of them States there is a sun' W woo L teo e lio re
. 2 . 5 . ;: e. Its
lies.
fonndstion for the brightest hopes of MM. • high degree a prosrby and happinese. nest..
Amt ,
and for the happiness of Gm people There is tomosseh at stake to allow pride without seeking to p .tit hemselves at the
AI witty bawd. as by amp otor ig t i or passion to inflnense year decision. Never expense 'loam ; and every mash attampti
this Untm must bmpreserved. for • mutest believe that the genet body sees in litte . estd All to summed, Sir Illepeo
,
due iillautuu
'theinc.. s--ity el watching with jenion. I
ansiet) fot the rervstion ..1 die L.l.lLni
was tartlet-tit in se upon his fellow eiti
ens In the Father 4,1 his Country, in his
iniewvil Will. ens. lie has there told us,
a at experience sit dl ti .1 have dent- '
onto rat d its amp actit sillily, there will al-
w ,is lie r - an ot to di.. rust the patt i , ti•in of
tte se inn, in 511 y ma, etifienr, to
I, mils C . and he has eallti..m.,l
11.. In the ilr.t.gest tem., against the for
nistiost of parties, .41 ce..grap, kat ili•erim
i n• .:u , d the meat a hiell might
'row - dehigi.ing
ir - ,44%. - c . ftiaatlCzo, Tr,Tav outorarge2.
the iitiw no of ally St.iteqg
deliberatelo de wrong They may. necret
the influence of temporary vayiteinert or
ntisguideti opinions, C,4111.111t mistakes; they
may be misled for a time by the suggeo
ti. no of self-interest ; but in a community
so enlightened and patriotic as the people
of the United ateo, nrguineht will onon
mike them sensible of their err. rs; and
when eiintinerd. they will be ready to to
',air them. If they have no higher or bet
ter motives to govern thin). they will at
le tot roe. ire that tht it own ihtereot re
MONTROSE. PA., THURSDAY, APRIL ]8,1850.
In in every pal t of tl.e Unile;l States are
ne; enlightened not to understa al their OIV
rights and irterests, and to detect and de
feat every t Bert to gain undue advatages °
nver them ; and when such &sirs are din.
cokered, it iiatiti ally provokes resentments
which ranee always be t a-ily alla ed. Jos
tine, lull and ample jostle to every portion
et the United Males, shy tthl be the lbo ,
principle Id' omens lee n,au, and should guide
ton ddilvratien of et ory public body,
whether it I, State rr N divot'
It is w: hl ko CI tt there list alvat
try been the- .ngst em oho nit% td
oven the-e mn mg, oierge
the pow of the Ile/ et :1 Government;
and experie ers
/so would s 'en/ tudirate that
there is a tendeue; /el ti e tart or this go,
ernment tt overtop the lietoolaties marked
out for it by the ConAit .6,, Its legiti
mate authority is alorol wily suffieient for
all tint purr/ set for tylaelt it was create,'
iind its power., lieina ea; tato./ ist ,,,
there ran lie no j/p/titiea•ion for el doling
ini)thing heyood them Every attempt to
/ Itemise power irevond limits should
be promptly n u t IhmApposed, It, ono
evil example ill lead t o t other measures
still more ntittchioveite •rd if the principle
or p mere, or soppoverl :Wynn
sager, or tempo/ ay, eilemostsnees, shall
ever be 'wrinkle/I to kt.lify the assumption
ofa power not given by the Constitutioo.
the General .vertoneot will before lon..
absorb all the to twerA of legislati in, and von
will have, ii ff er, Lett noo convolitt tied
goy. mimeos. Ft,m the eXtent a our roan
t.y, its diver-ifieil intere•t4, different por
soils and diffo:ent halins, it is t to ohs loos
for argot/mot that a sioale e instil/late/I gov
ernment would be wholly insologoete to
watch neer anti protect it,interttte ; and
every friend of our free inst kat lOUs should
he alw.tts prerarcti t. , maintain uhirnpatrett,
awl in tall t ignt , the I i t tlito aod myerei rut y
of the States, and to eesrate the aril.m of
the Geoeral Gevernment strictly to the
sphere nt its apprepi ism duties
There is, pm haps, tn. OHO of the powers
roof., r... 1 Oil the Feder:ll Government so
liable to abase, as the taxing power. The
omst. productive and convenient sources of
revenue were necessarily given to it, that it
it might be able to per'erm the important
duties imposed tqa as it. arid the tax us which
it Ilys upon C.llllllll cr . e ire;;;,g come:lied trout
the real jay.. in the price of the arihrle,
they do not so to eddy attract the attention
of the le. to as moldier steno demanded
I ' l . oll dole olireetle by the is-gatherer.
Butt the tax hornied on goods enhances by
s.mtreh the price of Car moron; *lkv to the
ceostoner; sod, us many ..r these ditties are
unposed artieles of necessity, which are
daily used by the ereas hotly of the people,
too money raised by these imposts is drawn
from their pnelrete. Ingress has no
under the Constitution, to take money It ran
the people, unless it is required to execute
; sumo Ono of the sp.title movers luatrusted
tothe government ; and if.they raise more
; than is necessary fer such purposes. it is on
abuse of the power of Myna., and unjust
oral oppressive. it Iny imiced happen]
that the revenue wills. metimcs exceed the
, nmmuut anticipated, wl.en the taxes were
'laid. When, however, this is nseertained,
it is casy to redoes them; anti, in such a
ease, it is unquestionahly the duty of the
government to reduce 11 eon; for int eiteum
; stances earl jostifj it in assuming a rover
not givrn to it by the Constitution, nor in
taking away the monej et the people, when
lit is not needed 'Ur the legitimate,wants ol
I the grovel Invent,
Plain as these principles appear to le,'.
yeti will Set find that there in it constant
elf irt to induce the General Government to
go heyoull the Inuits of its taxiing mum ,
and to ineposo mineressary burdens upon
the people. Many powerful interests are
continually at work to procure heavy du.
lies on commerce, and to swell the revenue
be3miel the real necessities of thepohlie
service; and the country hue already felt
the Nue lona effect.. of their combined ton.-
enrol. They succeeded he oletai gg igg g a twill
..f dude!. Inneriog ne,a oppremively on the
agrieulten al and lain, ing eleven of society,
anti producing a wenn° that could tint be;
' uselully employed within the range. of the
powers a...torrid tiro. Congress; and, ins
lord, to fasten upon the people this unjust
and unequal evatem of taxation, entities
gent oelmenes of internal improvement were
got up, in various quarters, to squander the
money, noel to purchase support. Thus
one unconstitutional measure woe intended
to be upheld by another, and the abuse of
the power at taxation was to be maintained'
,by uanrpin4 the power of expending the
money in internal improvements. moo
cannot have forgotten the severe and doubt- ,
fell struggle, through which we passed, when
the Executive department of the govern
ment, by its veto, on &moored to arrest this'
prodigal scheme of injustice, and to bring ,
hook the legisletion of Congress to the
i boundaries prescribed by the Constitution.
TN, good sense and practical judgment of!
the people, when the subject was brought
!before them, sustained the mum of the
ICmou4ce ; and this plan of uneonstitutional
expenditure for the purpose of corrupt in-
lissome is, f tense, finally overthrown.
The resolt of this decision has been felt
in the rapid extinguishmeot of the public
[debt, and the large accumulation of a Ma
-1 plus in the treasury, notwithstanding the
tariff was reduced, and is now very far be
, low the amount originally contemplated by
its edvoeates. Hat rely upon it, the design
:do collect an extravagant revenue, and to
burden you with taxes beyond the oeonomi
: cal wants of the government, lx not yet
!abandoned. The verbose interests which
have eonsbined together to impose a heavy
tariff, and to peados., so overillowing trea
sury, are ton strong, and have too mkt, at
'stake to surrender the contest. The @Grp..
rations and wealthy individuals who are in
gaged in large manufacturing establish
!meats, desire a high tariff to increase their
!Om Dedisles velithises will supers
n, to eousilist• their iltner,wod to obtsis
, -----, • . . ___ ,we are, to se , seance ity any ewe° our de.
the means of profuse expenditure, for the 1 limed in the daily transactions of ordinary :k ision upon the extent of the stolen ity of
purpose of purchasing influence in other i business; and the NW. ocensioned by : the General Govern L.A. abiem by
nimrters ; and since the people have dccl. them aro commonly thrown upon the labor.' tire Constitution ae it is smitten... , ewer il
led that the Federal Government cannot ing class°. of society, whose situation and it in the constitutional mode if it is Natoli
be permitted to employ its income in inter- I pursuits put it nut of their power to guard defective .
nal impriiermients, efl'orte will he etude to themselves font there impositions, and The skivere lessons of experiet •co will, I
seam.e nod inisleatrthe citizens of the acv- 1 : whose daily woe. are nem ssary for their doubt mg, be oufficient to pri vent iloogi roe
oral States, by holding out to them the de- subsistence It is the dory of ...cry goes :from again chartering ouch n DI. 1,. m il,
eeitful prospect of I.enefits to be derived' aliment an to r e yolote its currency as to even if the ennotitution did not preormt :;10
Preen I , sctrl Ins r(ventte eNeted by the protect this numerorm clefs a. ear as pre, iromperaide of jo. tin. to it Doe you moot.
General I:over...it, and annually divided ticable trout the impositions of non: ice o ,:d remember, eny 1. 11..-chisel e, the I otem al
among the State=. Ann it:, encouraged by' fray ' It is mote elm tally the ditty °tithe vigilance by the people is the mice of lib
dies° :all...does hopes, the Staten sl Id United States, wig, a the government is erty ;at kl Cad you musttoij the la.* ii
dirmegni .1 tie pi iociples or ~. ))))) tuy which
, omplietically the government of the people ; yen wish to rmeure the blessing, t ia
ought to charneterize every republican gnv- and. where this respectable portirm of our, hooves you, therefore, to be 0 atchtil LI
ernment, nod should: indulge in lavish ex • citizens are so proudly didilignished front ',Pow Stets., es will as in the Federal Go
' penditurco exceeding their reemoves, they : the laboring slicers of 01l rather nations, by, yernment. 'I Ike power which the n ~,,, eyed
will, beton• long, flint tliemeolrme oppressed their independent spirit, their Moe of fiber.; interest tan exercise, when oweenti west
with delfts which they aro unable to poy, i ty, their intelligence, and their high tone ofj under a sing!, head and a itlt nor prose.
it the temptioC will become irresistible moral character. Their industry in peace system of currency, was sufficiently dem...
et support a high tnriff, in order to obteinls the source of our wealth; and th e ir 'steeled in the 'trough, made ly the Unite.'
e surplus for distribution. Do not allow brava", ite we hi.. eneerrol us wit!, glory ; !State, Re.•k. Defeated in t' o Gene:al flo..
ti
~,,,,,,,,,, any ~,,,,,, t ,,,,. ‘ „ nr „ , to lie misled and the S ~„,,,,,a nt o f t h e u n i te d s tate .: vet...meld, the Male clans of intriguers an.f
on this ouldeet. The reticle! Government, will but ill ilitellarge its &ilks if it leaves poll, kians will .w resort to the States,
cannot collect a simples for such purposes, them a prey to such dishonest impositions, :and endeavor to obtain there the alone or
wit Mott vi dating the pritieiplee of the Con. l Yet it is evident that their intercom cannot iganizalion, which they (Riled to perpetuate
otitittion, and assuming powers which have' be effectually protected, ileitis.; silver ..1 M the Union ; arid with ;Tech.:to and de
nt been granted. It is, moreover, a op- gold aro restored to circulation. 'rental plans of public advantages, end Stole
ten of itijostice, and, if persisted in, will in. These views elone...f the paper runes. I interests, and Slate pritle, they will cadt rm.
evitahly I. nil to corruption, and most end in' ey, aro sokiciont to roil Ire immediate re.: ver to establish, in the diffirent Stater, non
rein. Tlie •tuiplos rove.° will be drawn: form ; but there is another consideration, moneyed inegitut• with overgr.:wn capital,
from the pockets of the people, fr o m tire f o r. which should still mare strongly press it and exclude° prikileges sufficient to ermble
nor, the mechanic, and the laboring °laws upon your attention ; it to control the niter 41111.51, of other beaks.
of s iciet; but wire will receive it when Recent events have proved that the pa.; Sitch an lamination will be pregnant o ills
distribitte.l nmorig the States, where it is to per money my mom .4 this enatitry may b, i the name evils pratilnegi by the bank of the
be disposed of by leading State politicians, earl` as an engine to tioilermine your fret, United States, although its sphere of action
' who have friends to favor tied political par.; institutions ; and thot three who desire to; is more confined ; and in the State in which
tintts to gratify ? It certainly will not be engross all power in th e h arm '. o f t h e few, lit is chartered,nho money power will Ito
returitml to those who paid it, and who have' and to govern by corruption or force, ore' able to embody its whole strength, and t.•
most need of it, and are honestly entitled to! aware of its prmrer and prepared ht employ i move together with undivided Toren to ne
tt There is loot one sale rule, and that is, , it. Your hanks now furnish pone only eir- ,crenplish any object it may nigh to attain.
to cootie the General Government rigidly , culating ntedioni, and money is plenty °el You have already hod abundant evidence
warmin the sphere or its appropriate duties scar., according to the gnantity of notes;of its powers to itifftet injury 'Ton tl 0 sig
h has tl.l rIlWe, to raise a r e v enue , or in. issued by the. While they have capitals Irienitural, incehanical, and laboring Massey
nose taxes, except Ult. p.p... ...crated , not greatly disproportioned . k each other.: of society; and over those whose engage
in tile (1 oist itot ion, arid if it. ine.... is found i they are competitors in bus: "• , F, and not moos in trade yr specular render there
to exceed these wants, it el Id be forth. , one of them Call I".erei,. j ono i.i. ;, nvo , the dependent on bank facilitiee, the &minion
with adored, nod the bunions of the peo
ple so l'ar lightened.
In reviewing the conflicts which have ta
ken place betueett different interests in the,
United Slates, anti the poliev.pursued since
the adoption of our present form awl - worm
met, we find nothing that has produced
mud] deep seated evil as them.. of login
lotion in relation to the currency. The'
Constitutico of the United States mums.
timatoly intended to seenre in the people a
eiretilatille outlines of gold anti silver. lint
the establishment of a national bank by
Congress, with the privilege of issuing pa
per trottey receivable in the payment or tho
public dimes, and the unfortunate course oft
legislation in the several Staten upon the ,
mune subjeet, drove from general cif...dation
the conic it tit it teal currency, and stzb oo i tttttt
Otto of paper io its place.
it nos not easy for men engaged in the
ordinary pursuits of busitte%
whose atten
lion had not pasticulael, draWn to the ,
subject, to Mr.. all the consequences of
a currency exclusively of paper; and we,
ought not. on that account, to be surpri.ed
at the facility with which laws were obtain
ml to carry into effect the paper system.
llocest, and even enlightened men, are
comet ion misled by the specime and plata
sible statements of the designing. lint ex- ,
patience Las nor proved the mischicts putt,'
dang, ra el a paper CUITINICS, and it reefs
with you to determine whether the proper
remedy shall be appliad.
The paper spttcm being founded nn
con lidence, and having of itself no burin
sie value, it is liable to great and sudden!
fluetua• ,, ,ns ; thereby rendering '
property
insecure, and the wages of labor unsteady
and ucertain. The enxgprations
I create . the paper money cannot he rellat
ilium to keep the circulating medium uni
form in amount. In times of prosperity,
'when onnfidence is high, they are tempted,
by the prospect of gain, or by the influence
leat those who hope to profit by it, to extend
[their issue, of 'toper beyond the boards rat
discretion and the reasonable demands of
lousinces. And when these isnues have
been melted ton from day to day, until pub
lie enntblenee is at length shaken, then •
I reaction takes place, and they immediately
withdraw the credits they have given ; sud
denly eurfail their issues; and predeee an
unexpected and ruinous contraction of the
eirculating medium, which is foil by the
whole community. The bank., by this
means, save themselves, and the mimaidev
ous consequence. of their imprudence or nu
rpidity are visited upon the public. Nor
does the evil stop here. Three ebbs and
Nous in the currency, and these Jettison:et
extensions of credit u t lip engender •
spirit of speculation injorious to the habits
and character of the people. We have al
ready scent its effect. in Ile wild spirit of
speculation in the public lands, mid various
kinds of stock, which, within the last year
lor two, tithed upon such a multitude of our
eitisens, and threatened to pervade all Amo
res of society, and to withdraw their atten
tion hem the sober parasite of honest in
dentry. his not by eneourseng this spirit
I that we shell best preserve nubile virtue
, and promote the true interests of oar °own
; try. But if year eurreney enntinose as co
icluelvely paper as it now is, it will foster
!this eager Amin to awaits wealth without
labor; lt will multiply the number of de-1
pendants on bank amoniseedethos and bank
faun; the temptation to obtain money at
any samilloe will become stronger and!
, stronger. anti inevitably lead to corruption,
, 'Walt will end its way into your public
councils, and destroy at no distant day, the
purity of your government. Some of the
evils which arise from this system of paper
!press with manse hardship open the etas;
!of moiety least stile to bear It. A portion
' cr this eumnoy hemmed, bemoan &pre
' shied or worthless, and all of it Is easily
;counterfeited, In mob a manner ate re
; quire peculiar 'kill and mach experience to
distinguish the sounterfelt from the genuine
note. These Bawds are meet gameral .. ll par
pointed II the smaller aolos,
for on Congress the right to rstabliA ono IS
I •eorporation a tho bull of ti 0 1:141011
States; and the evil cot...owners aliris
:followed may warn us of the don gor of tle
;parting from the true rule of coroarooth a.
NUMBER 16, or permitting temporary eir“.o.tot CY ,
or the hope of better promoting the public
rest; and although, in the present state of! of the State monopoly will be abselote, met
the currency, these hanks may end do cm.! their obedience unlimited. II hit such a
rate injuriously upon the habits of business, bank and paper currency, the money pew
the pecuniary concerns, and the moral tone or would in a few years govern the Stabs
of society ; yet, from their number and die- and control its m 0 . 00 ..''
and if • made.%
p erio d s it ua ti on , th e y canno t com bi ne f or number of States can be induced to creator
the purpose of political influence; and what- such ertahlishotenta the time will n Sr.
ever may he the diepneitions of some of rive when it will take the field +anima the
them, their power of mischief must neces- United State., amt succeed inperfecting
eerily be confined to a narrow space, and and perpetuating its organisation by • chur
felt only in their immediate neighborhoods.' ter from Congrem.
But when the charter for the Bank of the It is one el the serious (Vile of our pre-
United States wax obtained from Congress. sent systent'llf banking. that it maiden one
it perfected the schemes of the paper sy.- dam of ihniety.—and that by no means a
tent, and gave to ite advneates the position numerous one—by its tiontrel over the our
! they have @inmate.] to obtain. from the tiom- may, to set injuriously upon the inte rests
Imenoement of the Federal Government N. 14 all the others, end to movie° more than
the present hour. The immense capital, and its just proportion of influence itt political
peculiar privileges bestowed upon it, enable affairs. The egriculturel, the roceltenicel,
i'; . ;;iar , rei. e n r tlese e tie away over the ether and theleboriog el . hare little t ae tR
eV y part en tee county. • • - oh. dieeetion ed the orritt .....
its superior strength, it could eeTIMIPIy in- corporations ; and (rain then habits sod the
jars, if not destroy, the business of any of nature of their pursuits, they are incapable
them which might incur its resentment; of foe ming extensive combieations to act
noel it openly flannel' for itself the power, together with united force. Satoh concert
! (and it undoubtedly possessed the pewee), amnion may sometimes be produced in a
Ito make money plenty or scarce, at its plea- ' single city, or in a small diettiet of country,
sure, at any time, and in any quarter of the by means of penonel communication. with
Union, by controlling the incur, of Other each other; but they have no regular or
banks, and permit ting ar. expansion, or cam- active correspondence with those wls are
, pelting a general etptinetinn of the ',kettle- engaged in similar pursuits in distnotpla
-ting medium, nemAing to its own will.— me • they have but little patronage to give
The other banking institution. were sensi- , to see;
press and exercise but a small share
ble of its stronith, and they soon generally ot influence over it; they ISM no crowd of
became it. ebeelient inst..... reedy nt dependents shout them, who hope to grow
all times, to execute Its mandates; and with 'rich without labor, by their countenancer
, the banks necessarily weer, elan that numb- I and favor, and who are, therefore. always
!roue class of persons in out commercial el-, ready to execute their wishes. The plaid.
ties, who depend altogether on bank creditser,the farmer, the mechanic and the labor.
for their solvency and mems of hosinese • er all know that their success depends u;
•, d who are, therefore, obliged, fir their lon their own industry end economy, mid
town safety. to propitiate the favor of the I that they must nut expect to become cud
money power by distinguished noel and de- denly rich by the fruit's of their toil. Yet
votion in its melee. The emelt of the ill- them ;dames of society form the great body
advised legislatitm which established this of the people of the United States; they
great monopoly wan, to concentrate the are the bone and einem of the country ; met(
whole moneyed power of the Union. with Its who love, liberty and desire not king but
boundless means of corropti ..... and its nu- lequal rights and equal law., and who, more
mercers dependents. under the direetion and over. hold the great mass of our netiotal
command of one anknowlelged head ; thus wealth. although it is distiibuted in seeder
organising this particular letterset es one ate amounts mem the millions of freemen
. body. and securing to it unity and onneert who possess it. But, with overwhelming
'of motion throughout the United States, and number. and wealth on their Ode, they aro
stabling it to bring forward, urn any tae- , in muleteet danger of losing their his info.
melon, its entire and undivided strength to once in the government, and with difficulty
support or defeat any reassure of the goy- , maintain their just rights widest the inces.
ernment. In the bends of this formidable ' pent efforts daily made to enereech apes
power, thus perfectly organised, wee also', them. The mischief erring' Iron the pow.
placed unlimited dominion over the amount er which the moneyed ;Merest derives from
of the circulating medium, giving It the' • paper currency. width they are able to
power to regulate the value of property and eontrol; from the multitude of corpora.
the fruits of labor in every quarter of the, Bone, with exchnive privilegte, ,bleb they
Union; and to bestow prosperity, nr Wes, have succeeded in obtaining in the dills,.
ruin, upon any city or section of the anus-'net State', end which are employed alto
try, se might best comport with its own in- gather foe_ their benefit; end warms yew
tercet or policy. Income more wateldul lit your linden so d
We are not left t o ee d oetttee h ew th e cheek this spirit of monopoly and thirst for
moneyed power, thus organised, anal with exelneir• privileges, you will in the ends
such a weapon in he hands would be likely and that them* , lt•Pertmit Pawars or gav
'to arc it. The distress and alarm whirlsernment have been given or bartered • a
pervaded and agitated the win le country. , anti the control over your d lolanda
when the Bank of the United Slates waged bas passed into the hands of these corpora.
war upon the people, in order to eompel Gone.
them to submit to its demand., cannot yet The paper money 'y xcluet, a. and its este.
be forgotten. The ruthless and unsmiling eletee, monopelyrind esive privileges,
temper with which whole said and pommel- had already struck their roots drop In dee
dad wore oppressed, individuals hemmer. i ut il; sod it will require all your efforts to
Med and ruined, and a NOM of eheerful dock Its further growth, and to eradieate
prosperity suddenly changed into one of the evil. The men winrynetit by the alio-
Idnom end dospoodeney, ought to be ' ace and fleas to perpetrate Mom, will eon.
hay impressed epee the memory o f sl o r e m .. liens to besiege the leans tf legis!ation in
pie of the United States. If soh wd Its the tlenerel UoVOTIIIIIIO4 am oat mi In to
I power in a time at pose., what would it, 8, and will peek, by every Indite, to
I not have bee. in a season of war, with an mislead and deeded the pudic sensat e.
!enemy st your doors I No nation but the ,Itis to yourselves edit you smut le. k ler
fronds of the United States amid have' your safety, and the mess. at guarding an d
*ohm oils dietaries. from doh a contest ! perpetuating your free lust both ea. In
yet, if you had ant eonquered, the govern- 1 year hands are rightfully dared the sm.
meet would bad pissed from the bands of reirity of the 'tawdry ; sod is you dory
the many to the bands of thOfew and this', one plead In authority is ultimately re
ermined men.y power, from its secret eon- sponsible. It . is always In year power to
dad, would have deleted the ehoiee of , see that the wishes s ir the people are ear
year highest Akers, and erinepelled you to ' rod int. fsithfel esseution, and their • ill.
make peed or war as bed sultedlthsir own when one* made known. mint sooner Or la.
wishes. The forms Of yourglearnesenti ter be obeyed. And while the people du
might, for • Um, bra bemaimed ; but it. als o as I treat they ode will, naeorruptell
„B e b e er kte "41 has d eree t e d p i " col tomnreptible, end out law neSeM4
the dickers and sufferings ihnieted nn
the penult, by the bank. are some .4 the
fruits II that sjetem or rite). el i 1. is
tinually striving to enlarge the anti" rity at,
!the Federal Government beyool.the Irani , •
'', fixed by thn Cm ttt i t utinn, 'I he 1.w...4
==ir