H. H. FrELA.Z MP
• Z., • .7,
VOLUME 11.
guoineSo gittttoll.
C. M. CR&NDA.LL,
3111 , 11171PACTIMEB of Ilne.o.vbeels. Wool *bed.. W13.'6.
notch, 01 0 Ca.54.. ae . arc. Ww.l-turolost dune to order. and
In We neat.' tutlner. 1 arrang Sbop and Wheal Factory In Sarrea'
)Y try Braiding. up claim
atonroec...humary WI. 1H41.41.
B. B. BENTLEY, JR, NOTARY PUBLIC,
moia•riROSEG:=PA.,
Acknowledgmeat of Deeds. Mortgages. dm_ for any
.1. Mete b the United Matta Penatan Veuchere and Pay Cer.
schaneel edged beibre hi= do not revere Jan.o of tin
elector be Court. Macaroon,2. 186.1..-3 f.
CHARLES HOLES,
n SALIM HI CLOCE.I4, WATCHES. AND JEWELRY
gy Rushing done u anal, on short notlce ud rnoonahlo terms
on oast MO Public Amnon la F. I.l.Cherallues atom
Madam. P►. Nov. 7.156{.
Ds. E. L. HANDRICK,
rpm... , and SII11.01:03, re all tendon hi. pore.
Onus' oeraltats to the cilium of Frlooolyellle and vfaalty.
In the flake of De. Loot. Board. at J. Efeedoetra.
ItleaCrville. July 27, 18114.-tt
& W. SMITH,
A TTOttleffiT 00IIWAILLolt AT LAW awl Licensed Mate
Arced Office aver Lea's Drag atom
tivotte Depot Januar, ICA 1804.
EL BITRRITT,
D
SALER to Stre c troney G oods Crockery, Hardware,
LP Ira. Sanaa Oda and Pant. Boma and Santa gala
pad (..Ip} Puna Ondalo Orocedea, Provlsion;
New Ullrord, P., April U,
S. H. SAYRE & BROTHERS,
{nNUTAOTURERB of MW
odFSgapaltemi=
.sd Dealers m Dry ilkads.Orocerles. ur . etc.
Mon vase. ratemary 124 1E64.
BILLOW STROUD,
FIRE AND LITE 1 1 581.113.A.N0Z AGENT. Oflce In Letb
ronl bedldbegoutet. end of Glick Elect. In 1.1. absence , bad
ece at thP office 0111 be transacted by C. 1.. Brown.
Montrose. February 1, 1814.-41
J. D. VAIL, IL D.,
HOMEOPATMO PHIMICIALN, has permanently located
himself In Montrose, Y.. where he .111 promptly attend to
all calls m his pssion wrth which he may - be favored. 011:Ice
Lad Residence WHof the Coon House, near Beatleydrjltch'a.
Montrose, rebury I, lEU -Oct. ss. 1861.
A. 0. WARREN,
TTORNIT AT LAW, BOUNTY. BACK PAT end PEN
/A. SION CLAIM AOZINT. All Penen.n• Malmo mrefully pre
n°glee in room formerly occupied by De. Vul. In IN •
y bolo'. Pear/es Hotel.
Itoutron, Pa.. Feb. 1.12.64.-febl7yl 18611.
B. B. ROBERTSON,
MAIIIIIACTUILIII of 1100TSdS1 - I.oE.Stes.
Owego Stmt. Mont.., Pa.
Wontroac January U. 1864.-lf
CHARLES MORRIS,
Ft,SHIONABLZ HAEMLI3 And HAIR DRESSER, over F.
3. Weets's Shoe Store, Montrow. Heir Can , linaropoolcit.
Braving, and Whither Coloring done In the BENI STYLE. L.
die' filth Dressed In the thaO ii-PPROV ED FASHION.
Montrose, Sept. 11363.-tf
LEWIS KIRBY & F.., BACON,
Tr ZEP constantly on hand • rail ertmply of every variety tn
GROCERIICS and CON FECTIONEFLFES. By strict atter:
for to burins and Cabmen la deal, they hope to merit the , Iberal
pZ , 7.l4re ache . An OYSTER. and EATING DA LOON le
attached to the Grocery. where bivalves to ..on. are nerved In cv.
.ry style that the testes °fibs puhlledemand. Rennember=ace,
the oln Mott Groom stand, on Main Street.belovr the P
Montrone. Nov. 17, 1863.—mch17.63—tf
Da. CALVIN C. HALSEY,
PEiTSICIAN AND uITaGEON, AND EXAM - NINO SITR.
G EON for PENSIONERS. °Moo over oe bore of J. Lyn.
b 800. Mlle Avenue Boards at Mr. Etheridge's.
Montrose, Oclobe,. 1869.41
D. L. BALDWIN,
A!TORY= AT LAW, and Pondon, Bounty, and Bart Pay
Arent. Great Bend, Susquehanna County, Pa.
Great Send, Avg.:l.lo, 10111 L-11
BOYD & WEBSTER,
EA. LIMB In noven a Stove Pim Th. corm. and RIM
1.1 llron Ware; aian. _
ndolr Sash, Panel Donn, Whylma
Marla, Lath. Mae Lrnbernnd all UZI& of 11 , 111Ing
F.bop sonsn of dearlee Hotel, and Carpenta Shop nor the
Hetnalles Chum.
liontwee, P.. January 1, lEal.-tf
Da JOHN W. COBB,
PYSIOILN and SURGEON. rzenectfully tend.= tar Services
to toe citizens of SorAtlebanno Connty. Riming bad snout II
resin expeetthee la the U sited Stites Army, Ma Suwon, especlaJ
stunt ,n 111 be styes to sr./MGR - id T. OPERATION:,
EY - itesldence on Maple Street. East of J. S. Tar.ellt 1101.11.1.
Mottraze, STN. County, Pa.. .1 trat SS. ISIO.-sf
DA. WILLIAM W. SMITH,
/ SURGEON DENTIST. 021ce on, the Banklhit
Oa . Oftee b r Cloc
per ip o er AU
. D . r.ht d O t p , ;r i raas
-neve Remember, offee forscrly ol rmed to ..U7breith C it bon.
kinarnse, January
E. J. ROGERS,
111 INV Vialfg El, Ata - •
luaatyle of W cri-mushlo and of the but mourtole.
sA the won lakown stand of E. R. Rol3EltS, role rodo out
of Searle'. Motel In Montrou , where be .111 be h‘ppy 10 re.
Delft the co.llo of all who mint anything to his line.
If °ovate, Jlue 1,15M.-tf
BALDWIN & ALLEN,
IPALEES FLOCE, S. Port. Fish, Lard. Grab; Feed ,
hand 14, Clover sner Tesb
ruy Seed. Alai GIIOCIDRIILS.
lea as Sc=ra. itolemes. Syrups, To and Oo6ea . Wry ddll cl
Public &venue one door below J. Ellsrldge.
11c:carom January 1. 1Z64.41
DR. G. W. BEACH,
AYSICTIAN AND SURGEON, tosaint PerattattatollT lamed P
Us:lard at lin:wkly. ()enter. Pa_ tenders ht proftatermal set
races eft I tens of ausgrwhanna Gourds . . on lexnu curnrnensur.
ate sat, tnr th.S. tatcaplee the °lke of the late Ds. B. R 1 hard
Oc_ Noe boanth. at Mrs. Ltientosisons
Itronala Cents,. Pa.. Josse I. WA:Li
F. B. WEEKS,
11AOTICAL BOOT AIM 8130 t MAKER; also Dealer In
P
Boots, Shoes, Lastnes. and Elm Finding, iMpoirma do
with ',command dispatch. Two doors above Searles How.
Montrose. Jemmy i. 1814.-Lf
JOSEPH RICE,
ar. s LI D `Ig t, LER CP /111 I ..g , ft
A ZI dbinet Wre.
INc.llllford,Occoberl.lB6l.4l
Dns. PATRICE & GARDNER,
PTITSIOI LES AND SITR.GEONS, will attend faithfully and
punctually to all boatmen that may be =trysts,' to thclt Clif,
tee
with the times. Mom., and detail:WWl
the
Of BY 6, Soritleal , speratlons, and all SttrOcal Mew= partscb.
any attended to. Office as= Webb's Stare. 0111=bourefroa Ba.
tn. to r p. tn. E. PATE.TCK.
11 rm: use ...InnUarT 1.1E84. 4f E. L. GARDNER.
WIL & W3L H. JESSUP,
ATTORNETS AT I..AW, Montrose. Pa. Practice In Banque
bat.. Bradford, Wnyue, Wyomlog and Luzern, °aunties.
Maritime, Pa., January Ist, 1961.
ALBERT CHAMBERLIN,
ThIFIT.ICT ATTORNEY AND ATTORNEY AT LAW.-
011., over the sue. tnrmtrly =wird by Post Brother.
P..lonuAry 1. 1360.
J. LYONS & SON,
r h E LERBIsI DST GOODS. Grannie. C Hardware
I_7 ?Ironic, Boots. Movidecom uod ro
01l ckery.
knads of lacud
cal I octruments, Shoot Music, 4c. Alto ccary on the Book Bind
Inc Canine:la fn all it. taanchen. a. Y.TUNS.
klootroac, Janong 1, 1866. T. •. c.T0.111.
ABEL TERRELL,
!NE/LIAR IN DRUGS. kV/WINKS, CHEMICALS.
Polo, UIW. Dye- mfr., War.taboo. Wiodow GIrAA
Lignorx, Groorrito, Unx.lrcry. Glotmort, el.P L aper, Jew-
Fancy Goode, ParAmero, Surrical lair/foments. Tru
. Olooko. Broom . Ageut tar all of the most pupa
ina
Potont IltAldura. 31auttore, January 1, lOC.
C. 0. FORDHADI,
t ez o unicr i ymt . or , BIZIOTS AI a i g Tyr Mortosr ao Pal
i .'" extg door ;tenni, Wore ' dors: f
when prom
teed Montrose. &DIM 3. IMI.-tf
CHARLES N. STODDARD,
DEALER In BOOTS & BIIOEA, Leather and Find-
Ina, nn MIMI it. third door hel' Searle's Bowl. Lab.
1 , 8 Work made to order. and malting done neatly.
Montrone. Po.. 14omber 12. 1860.
B. R. LYONS & CO.,
DEALERS stnET thtolth OROCSEI ES. HOOTS, SHOES,
Lsea.. Get.m. esrress. ZS). Clothe, van .d wimam, Ps
rim Palma. 011th &. btate on the east tide of Yublle Avenue.
Montt-oft, Jaactary 1.1861.-ti
READ, WATROtiti, & FOSTER,
ri6.11.614.8 11i DEY 'RODS, Drao, Yc6 cmo . P a oib
liromrles. Itaroosre, Jrnetery, lroa Clucks. Watches, Jew
sue. weer seams. Perfumery. fee.. B& Block.. Montrose.
L WATZICII 0 .1011Z116
e 11=e. January I, 1364.
PHILANDER LINES,
FABITIONABLR TAILOR , Brisk Block, corer WWI
War. 661.• 6 Foster's tritons, liontrasa, Ps.
Rostra; Pa., July 27, 1829.
JOHN GROVES,
•
LI6SIIIOI.IaBLE TAILOR. shop oppoette the nape. Ilon •
•
lit , sto Pthatins O.
Montrose, Ps. Ottoter 45 , 16.31.41
D. L. LYONS,
D ub= in on, rd.. Omuta.. now, 41•11. Croetzsy,
al'ar.Der,c4,
BEtUMONI' & WARD
wqOL, CARDING. Cloth Droning. and Ilatedaelicrere,st the
roan korona an tiatitlittileeetro adhellme6 'rum med.
w4ea the Wurk aorta 111.1111103 .
Li,. 111.14
L H. BURNS,
r,lostrz7 Am LAW. 01:1414 rAi WITIITTO4II6
..• . ,
. ,:-.. • •
-..-
•
• , .
..,_
, .
i
' 1
iti bl i . f e ii
,
...._
+ i
. :, ._ • _--1 : ./"A.
,: ,
' -
.L.....,ti0p
1._.e....
..,:.
. .....
__. ~.. _, :...•
::
,_.: , ,;,- ..-- ..., •
-_.:._.; _.. ... ...,..„.:„.:_:„...,......-... __, . .._
-
--,.,....7.:„..4,,„-_„..-.......„....., , _
Nights are long ; the night le late ;
Ash loge crackle in the genie ;
Bitter ahnll winds howl without;
Whirl the withered leaves Shoat;
Bright the sudden embers Gy ;
Would, old friend, your face were by!
Then a happy peace would blend
With the genial warmth, my friend!
Rocking of the tentless trees,
Then would not disturb our ease.
Wu should miss the-winter's cold,
Chatting of the days of old.
How tine memory, calling back—
Up the half forgotten track,
M r tart our feet in those lost years
Trod together-remiles and tears
We have smiled or shed together,
Would atone kir wintry weather;
And beguile the tediocs nights
With rich stock of old delights•!
Some, we could no Mort recover,
We would scatter rosebrids over—
Fancy's flowers l—as moprnera do.
Others we would share anew;
Hearty laugh and witty joke ;
Honest glee and curling smoke;
Or read, lingering, o'er sud o'er,
Poet's songs that charmed of yore.
So would slip our nights away.
But the-iiripping of the day
On the misty eastern hills:
Stormy gloom, and frosty chills ;
Shiver of the barrel boughs,
Wailing round the windy house;
Miry roads, and sop of rains,
In tile wood•walks, o'er:the plains;
Fallow fields, and murky floods;
Dropping of the dreary tvoods ;
Driving sleet, or chilly ring
Of white hall—friend, cone in spring!
Then the nodding dafbdlla
Fill the spaces of the hilts:
Then the wood anemones
Ripple in the nursing breeze; -
Then the wood-ways laugh to you,
With their grasses, green and new :
Then the tiny violet
By the elm tree root is set ;
Then the eager swallow tomes,
Twittering In the ancient, homes;
Fair pale yellow primroses
Bend above the watereress
Bluebells In the hollows crowd,
Like the blue gaps in the cloud ;
Pigeons coo; gay woodpeckers
Fret the barks; the linnet stirs
In the copses; sparrows cheep;
Skies are sunny ; storms. asleep.
Winter days are dull and dumb ;
Friend, come when the thrushes come.
DRIVING HOHE TEE OOWS.
Out of the clover and blue-eyed grass
He turned litres into the river-lane;
One after another he let them pass,
Then fastened the meadow bars again.
Under the willows, and over the hill,
He patiently followed their eober pace;
The merry whistle for once was still,
And something shadowed the sunny face.
Only a boy : and his father had said
He never could let his youngest go,
Two already were lying dead
Under the feet of the trampling foe.
But after the evening work was done,
And the frogs were loud in the meadow-swamp,
Over shoulder he slung his gnu
And stealthily followed the foot-path damp.
Across the clover, and through the wheat,
With resolute heart and purpose grim,
Though cold sees the dew on his hurrying feet,
And the blind hat's flitting startled him.
Thrice since then had the lanes been white,
And the orchards sweet with apple-bloom;
And now, when the cows came back at night,
The feeble father drove them home.
For news had come to the lonely farm
That three were lying where two had lain,
And the old man's tremulous, palsied arm
Could never lean on a. son's again.
The summer day grew cool and late,
Lie went for the cows when the work was done;
But down the lane as he opened the gate,
He saw them coming one by one :
Brindle, Ebony, Speckle, and Bess,
Shaking their horns in the evening wind ;
Cropping the buttercups out of the grass—
But who was it following close behind 'r
Loosely swung in the idle air
The empty sleeve of army blue ;
And worn and pale, from the crisping hair,
Looked out a face that the father knew.
For southern prisons wUI sometimes yawn,
And yield their dead unto life again;
And the day that comes with a cloudy dawn
In golden glory at last may wane.
'The great tears sprang to their meeting, eyes ;
For the heart must speak when the lips are dumb ;
And under the silent evening skies
Together they followed the cattle home.
" Elaine the fair, Elaine the lovable;
Elaine the lily maid of Astolat."
Thongh many thousands have admired the fine
heroic rhythm, quaint in ngery, and delicate myali
Death:at of Icanynon's poem, " The .Lady of She
lott," few, comparatively speaking, am familiar with
We striking Iti4end on which it is founded :
"On either side the river Ile
Long fields of barley and of rye,
That viol be the wold and meet the sky ;
And through the fields the stream runs by
To many towered Camelet ;
And up and down the people go,
Gazing where the lilies blow
Round an island there below
- The Inland of Shaiott."
A few days ago we chanced upon a volnna. con
taining It& romantic legend, among other remint ,
emcee of "The Age of Chivalry," and believe that
we shall gratify a majority of our readers by copying
it here In fall :
King Arthur proclaimed a solemn tournament to
be held at Winchester. The king, not leas impatient
than his knights for this festival, set off some days i
before to superintend the preparations,
leaving the
queen, with her wart at Camelot. Sir Lauucclot,
nuder pretence of indisposition, remained behind al
so. His intention was to attend the tournament In
disguise; and, having communicated his project to
finenever, he mounted his horse; set off withoutany
attendant, and, counterfeiting the feebleness of. age,
took the most unfrequented road to Winchester, uud
passed, unnoticed, as an old knight who was going
to be a spectator of the sports.
Even Arthur and Sir Gawatn, who happened to be:
hold him from the windows of a castle onder which
he passed, were dupes of his disguise. But an acci
dent betrayed him. His horse happened to stumhle,
and the hero forgetting tor a momont his assumed
character, recovered the animal with a strength and
agility so peculiar to himself, that they instantly
recognized the inimitable Luunerlot. They suffered
him, however, to proceed on hi. journey without in
terruption, convinced that his extraordinary feats of
arms Lawn discover him at the approaching festival.
- His broad cleir brow in sunliht glowed ;
On burnished hooves his warhorse erode ;
From underneath his helmet flowed
His coal Mack curls as on he rode,
As he rode down to Camelot.
From the bank and from the river
He Hashed Into the crystal mirror,
"Tian firm," by the river
sang sir Canine-lot.
In the evening, Launeelot was magnificently en
tertaieed as a straucer knight atthe neighboring Cas- I
tle of elatilott. The lord of tile cantle had a daugh
ter of exquisite beauty, and two eons lately received
into the order of knighthood, one ot. whom was at i
the time 11l In bed, rod thereby prevented from at
tending the tonniament, for which both brothers
had long made preparations. Launcelot offered to
attend the other if he were permitted to borrow the
armor of the Invalid: and the Lord of Shalott, with
out knowing the name of Ids guest—being satisfied
from his appearance that his sou could not, have a
better companion-in-arms—moat thankfully accept
ed the offer. In the meantime, the young lady, who
had been much struck by the that appearance of the
stranger knight, coettnaed to survey him with In
creased attention, and, before the conclusion of Sup
per, became no deeply enamored or blot, that, after
frequent changes et =dor, and other symptoms
which lair Laaucelott could not t*risibly mistake,
she was - obliged to retire to her chamber, and seek
relief in fears. Sir Lanneelot hastened to convey. to
her by means of tier?nother, the information that
his heart was already disposed ot i but that It would
be his pride me pleasure. to act as her knight at the
al , !Aug tournament. The lady, obliged to be
srtlstied with that courtesy; prweeted him her scarf,
to be worn at the tournament. ,
Lanneislot witotrin-te marnin; with the young
gntihott.their approsehLog .Wtdigtetter, , ear.
a, I& 02 atom 014 k Id& *i i s tmLmAi o 1
AN INVITATION.
THE LADY OF SHALOM.
THE LADY OF SRALOTT
" Freedom and Right against Slavery and Wrong."
MONTROSE, SUSQ. CO., PA., TUESDAY, MARCH 17, 1865.
Shalott, by whom they were hospitably entertained.
The next day they put on their armor which was
perfectly plain, and without any device, as was usu
al to youths during the Unit year of knighthood,
their shields being only painted red, as some color
was necessary to enable them to be recognized by
their attendants. Lanneelot wore on his crest the
scarf of the Lady of Shalott, and, thus equipped,
proceeded to the tonrnsment, where the knights
were divided Into two companies, the one command
ed by KIM Arthur, the other by Sir Galehant. Hav
ing surveyed the combat for a short time from with
out the lists, and observed that Sir Galchaqt's party
began to give way, they Joined the pref. and attack
ed the royal knights, the young man choosing such
adversariesas were suited to his strength, while his
companion selected the principal champions of the
Round Table, and successively overthrew Gawain,
Bohort, and Lionel. The astonishment of the spec
tators was extreme, for it was - thonght that no one
but Launcelot could possess such invincible power;
yet the lavor on his crest seemed to preclude the
'Witty of his being thus disguised, for Launcelot
never been known to wear the badge of any but
his sovereign lady.
At length Sir Hector, Lanncelot's brother, engaged
him, and, after a dreadful combat, wounded him
dangerously In the head, but was himself completely
stunned by a blow on the helmet, and felled to the
aronnd ; after Which the conquerer rode off at fall
speed, attended by his young companion. lacy re
turned to the Castle Shalott where Sir Lanneelot
was attended with the greatest care by the good
earl, by his two sons, and, above all, by his fair
daughter, whose medical Aill probably much hast
ened the period of his recovery. His health was al
most restored, when Sir Hector. Sir Bohort, and Sir
Lionel, who, atter the retnrn of the court to Came
lot., had undertaken the quest of their relation, dis
covered hint walking on the walls of the castle.—
Their meeting was very Joyful ; they passed three
days in the castle amidst constant festivities, and
bantered e.ch other on the events of the Counts
, ment. Launcelot, though he began by vowing vett
. weave. against the author of his wound, yet ended
by declaring that he felt rewarded for the pain by
the pride he took in witnessing his brother's extra
ordinary prowess. He then dismissed them with a
me-cage to the queen, promising to follow 'anneal
ately—it being necessary th.tt he should first take a
formal leave of his kind hosts, as well as of the fair
maid of Shalott.
To compress the whole anbject of Petroleum into
a newspaper article would be a feat more difficult of
accomplishment than any yet performed by literary
prestidgitators. However, I will give you, in as
concise a form as possible, the more interesting
features of the petroleum subject
The rapid development of the ell-pmdneine ter
ritory, and the Immense quantity of petroleum that
is now consumed In the United States, has made it
so familiar to the public that an elaborate analysis
of Its properties Is unnecessary, It is a natural oil,
deposited In the earth usually at a depth of from
one hundred to Aix hundred feet, has a rancid, disa
greeable odor, and Is valuable for burning, lubri
cating and medicinal purposes. Although its prop
erties, and a knowledge of the extent of Redeposits,
have but recently been known In this country, pe
troleum has in reality been known and need to some
extent In every age, running back almost to the di
ktat= period.
In Egypt petroleum was need for medicinal par
poses nearly four thousand years ago, and oil springe
are still in existence in that country. In the latter
part of the last century, two ship cargoes of the
crude oil were transported to England to be sold,
but the process of refining not being understood,
the traffic was abandoned. Under the name of
Sicilian oil, the people of Agulgenttim used what Is
known as petroleum for the purpose of illumination,
and in Parma there lea spring of napalm which the
people apply to a like use at the present day. In
Asia Minor the oil has been known to exist, and
has been ustel to a limited extent for ages; and in
Perris a large quantity has been ationatly consumed,
during several [toothed years. Even in this country
petroleum is by no means a now discovery. It was
well known to the Indians before America was dis
covered, and was used for medicinal purposes. The
early settlers of Western Pennsylvania, and other
districts where oil springs now exist, used rock oil,
as they called It, for various purposes, collecting it
by skimming the oil deposit on the top of the water
as it accumulated from the sprtrum. In the memo
randa of his visits to Fo - t duQuesne.(nowPittahurg,)
Miring the French and Indian war with the Colonies,
General Washington mentions the we - fastener, of oil
- vpringe in localities where wells are now in opera
tion. lint neither the Indians nor the early white
settlers knew anything of the vast deposits la the
bed of the earth. '.
The region in which the oil Is now found In
Western Pennsylvania has almost fora century been
known as a great salt district, and salt wells have
been to operation there over since the early settle
ment of the country. In boring salt wells the great
est difficulty was found In selecting localities where
the water was not Impregnated with a substance
which the salt men characterized as "a nasty, greasy
tubetanee," mad which we of the present day call
petroleum. Nearly forty years ago a Mr. Packer,
while boring for salt water on Deer Creek, in Clarion
county. Pa., struck oil at the depth of 400 feet.
The "greasy water," as he termed It, spurted np
with great force, overflowed the land thereabouts,
relined his salt machinery, saturated the land with
grease: and Mr. Pecker profoundly disgusted with
the result of his efforts to obtain salt, left the coun
try in a miff, little dreaming that ho was running
air ay from an El Dorado richer than the gold mines o f
Call oroia—more remunerative, too, than the dia
mond mints of Breen.
As a natural consequence of the increase of the
quantity of olt that found its way to the surface from
abandoned salt wells, the people living in localities
where it appeared, gradually discovered that. it eon
mined soma valuable proper' he The reader will
perhaps remember that only a few years ago a sub
stance of horrid odor and taste was sold throughout
the country as a sovereign remedy ler nearly all the
Ills of the flesh, and bearing the names successively
of Seneca Oil, Genoese. Oil, and Rock Oil. It was
warranted to cure everything from toothache to
her, ditsry COOPOMPIiOII, and was a perfect anulhila
tor of Pnch simple aliments as theamettsm and
asthma—being equally efficacious in evternal and
Internal applications. This miraculous stuff was
simply crude petroleum, and that It was calculated
In either kill or cart, when taken internally, nobody
will now deny. The apparently Inexhan.fible sup
ply of the oil at length attracted dm attention of
scientific men, and In 1818 Its proptrties and uses
became more generally understood. A few barrels
of the crude oil were exported to England, where
it was partially refined, and its commercial import
ance began to be understood. Yankee enterprise
having been attracted to the subject, the natural re
sult followed. A method or refining was Invented,
the illuminating and luhricating uses of petroleum
were discovered, and the reign of Petrolle com
menced.
The existence of oil beds having been determined,
and Yankee enterprise having been attracted there
to, the next question that naturally arose was, how
to determine where to sink a well ; for it was soon
discovered that there was semething of a lottery lu
striking oil. Geologist' , and other scientific men,
who embarked in the oil trade, carried out their
theories in this respect. but were nut always sue
amain!. The larger class who flocked to the mil
Dorado, however, bad no faith in gmelogy, and ac
cordingly bored at random. The superetitiona class
who are generally the majority, relied, and still re
ly upon the miraculous '• witch hazel" men. These
men profess to tell precisely where deposits of wa
ter, salt of oil may be found, by means of a little
stick. The more seneittle manner of choosing lo
cattier for oil wells is to bore where the geological
formrtioa la like that where good wells have been
found. At best, sinklug oil wells is a lottery—if a
man stands one chance to twenty of drawing a prize,
he is lucky.
The process of boring the oil well is very simple.
A demek, consisting of four upright timbers
placed 10 or 12 feet apart and fastened by cross pieces,
is erected directly over the spot selected for boring
This derrick is usually from 40 to 60 feet high, and
is made very stable in order to support the boring
machinery. A steam englue of eia or eight horse
power is now used for the work of drilling, although
many wells of not very great depth have been bored
lay hand. An Iron pipe, about six inches in diameter,
is first driven down to the Met stratum of rock.
Where this is found at a considerable distance from
the surface, the pipe Is insertel in sections; that is,
a piece is first driven down, then another section is
fastened firmly to It at the top; this is in turn driven
down, and so on till the rock Is reached. The drill
is then Introduced Into this tube, reaching down to
the rock—the Iron rod .upending it being length
ened by the fastening of additional pieces et the top
as the drill works its way throat the rock. The
drill I= about two and a half Inch..s in diameter, and
Is worked up and down by means of the engine
above. The proc e ss of drilling Is of coarse slow,
and depends upon the hardness of the stratum. Au
average day's work of drilling is from 0 to 8 feet,
but sometimes 10 or 12 feet. is accomplished- The
first stratum through which the drill passes is slate
or soup-stone, then comes a stratum of sand stone.
which Is usually not more than ton or twelve feet in
thickness; next Is another layer of slate of a bluish '
appearance, about twenty feet in thickness, after
which the second stmt um of sandstone is reached.
Wbeu this is aceotnplisbed—thedepth numbed rang
ing from two to six hundred and In some instances
a thonsaod feet—the oil is etznek provided the
borer is lucky. A new process of drilling has lately
been invented, however, which bids fair to greatly
facilitate the sinking of oil wells. It Is this: The
drill Is a slender tube, the end of which is act with a
species of diamond. This drill In connected with
machinery at the surface, by means of which it re•
volvee with great velocity, cutting oat the rocks in
a core, which is removed In pieces, tip clamps let
down in the hole. By this method a well of live
hundred feet In depth may be bored In two weeks,
which, by the old proceed would require two months.
As sores as the drill passes through the last stratum,
and readies the reservoir below, there comes rush
lug up to the surface a combustible gas, followed
by a mixture of salt water and petroleum—the oil is
invariably accompanied by salt water, and they are
separated as will be hereafter explained. This Is the
realizetion of "great expeetutions," the finding of
the El Doted., the acme of petroleum ambition, for
every spurt from the well 12 a greenback. If the
borer has Been lucky enough to strike • flowing
well, he has nothing now to do but to stand atilt
The first time you are walking with your arms at and see himself grow fabulously rich; that Is, he
liberty stop moving them, and held them to your boa only t" secure the oil and send It to market
side. Yon will be surprised to find how soon your But flowing wells are a great rarity, and the most
companion will leave you behind, although you may sanguine disciple of Petrone does not expect such
boundless good fortune. The flow of salt water
hurry, twist, wriggle, and try very hard to keep up.
One reason for the slow walk among girls is to be and petroleum to the anrface, therefore is except in
flowingwells, of veryshort duration and the neet
found In this pructlce of earning the arms motion-
less Three milts en hour, with the arms still, Is as work to be done lathe prtmarat len for pumping: The
hard work as four miles with the arms free. . bore of the well Is neat enlarged by what .16 termed
I have Seen the queens of the stage walk. I have a "trimmer," and an iron tube, fastened together in
seen a few girls and women of queenly bearing .walk I section of 10 or 1.2 feet, is run down to the oil des
in the strqet and drawing room. They moved their pan A flux seed bag, which expands when wet,
arms in ElSree and gracetul manner. Cored tbishate
Iliad at a certain distance; from the surface within
it become universal among girls their chest would the tuDe in order to prevent the surface water from
enlarge and their tearing b e greatly imp r ov e d. g ee rushing d own . A plunger or valved piston is next,
that girl tvalkiug with both beads in her mull. How I inserted in the tube, and this being attached to the
' she wriggles and twists her shoulders and hips I— I engine. the work of pumping commencer*
This is because her arms are pinioned. Give them I Hera] d
method of pumping oil Is on the same
ffree awing, and her gait would aeon become gruce- general principle of ordinary water pumping . , and re.
ree awing, no e2planatlell; html Yankee ingenuity has
Yon have seen pictures of muscles. Those of the invented a new procesg which will probably
. from r part of the body, you remember, spread out ' l an be generallyadopted. Turo tnhes are Inserted
the shoulder, in all directions, !Ikea tan. Now , In the well, and by a powerful force pump the air Is
If you hold the shoulder still, the • =Melt% of the , forted down one of them, and the oil, In consequnce
' chest will shrink, the shoulders stoop, and the whole of the pressure of the air, is forced up the other tube
cheat becomes thin and ugly. :le a steady stream. The flow, by this method,, is
But some girls will ray, " swinging the arms must much more steady and of greater volume than by
be very alight exercise-.' True, It to very elhi f ht If ' the pumping process, and n has been sueeeseirdly
you swing the arms but once or ten times, but you . applimito many wells that had failed to yield oil In
awing them ten thousand times, in a day, your will the old manner. The petrolteighas before remarktai,
obtain mere exercise of the muscles of the chest Is loyal - lady acComereffeff brislt alter. As It
than by all the ordinary incitements combined. In- • reaches the surface, Mkt mixture is e.., Jed hy con
. deed, it I were asked what excerehse I thought most doita Into huge wooden tanks, In which. the oil rises
elleetlre for developing the chestaof American girls, to the sfirfaceOf the water and h drawn off Into
iJ lama reply at „nuns, aItAIIW VW HIM WOO 1 hail Ire have crude pAIL leant - 7-$9 yb•
11110111111.11140 04..... , :. •
. _
The young lady, alter vainly attempting to detain
him by her tears and solicitations, saw him depart
without leaving her any ground for hope.
It was early summer when the tournament took
place; but some months had passed since Lannee
lot's departure, and whiter was now near at hand.—
The health and strength of the Lady of Bbrtlott had
gradually sunk; and she felt that she could not lire
apart frtina the object of her sheathing. She left the
rtistle., and descending to the river's brink, placed
herself In a boat, whb•h she loosed from its moorings,
and suffered to bear down the current toward Cam
elot.
One morning, as Arthur and Sir Lionel looked
from the window of the tower, the walls of which
were washed by the river, they descried a boat, rich
ly ornamented, and covered with an awning of cloth
02 gold, 'which appeared to be floating down the
stream without uny human guidance.
It struck the shore while they watebed it., and
they hastened down to ace what it contained. Be
neath the awning, they discovered the dead body of ,
a beautiful woman, In whose features Sir Lionel els..
fly recognized the lovely maid of Shalott. Pursuing
their search, they discovered a purse richly embroi
dered with gold and jewels, and within the purse a
letter, which Arthur opened, and found addressed to
himself and all the knights of the Round Tslite, stat
ing that Str Launcelot of the Lake, the most accom
plished of knights and moat bean' if ul of men, but at
the same time the most cruel and infli•xible bad, by
his rigor, produced the death ul the wretched mai
den, whose love was no lesss invincible than Ms cm
! eltv.
The king immediately gave orders for the inter
ment of the lady, with all the honors suited to her
rank, at the same time explaining to the knights the
history of her affection for Sir Launeelot, which
moved the compassion and regret of aIL,
Such is the very beautiful little Arthurian romance
on which Tennyson's celebrated poem of 1862 is
founded. !low One i 6 his description of the last
scene of all:
" Under tower and laslecnY,
By garden wall and gallery.
A gleaming shape, she. Boated by,
A come between the houses high,
Silent Into CatneloL
Out upon the wharfs they came,
Knight and burgher, lord and dame,
And round the prow they maid her name,
"The Lady of Shalott."
" Who is this and what is here ,
And In the lighted palace near 4
Died the sound of royal cheer,
And they ~r ossed themselves for fear,
- • • • -,
All the knights at Camelot.
Bat Lanticelot maned a little apace
He said , Ste has a lovely face ;
God in Ma mercy lend her grace!
The Lady of Shalotte."
EDWARD EVERETT'S LAST SPEECIE
Since he has gone, additional interest attaches to
the last speech of Hon. Edward Everett. In his re
marks at Farieuil Hull, Boston, on Monday, Jan. 9th,
made In behalf of sending supplies to the suffering
people of Savannah, Mr. Everett said:
" It is our duty, as I know It will he ear pleasure,
to do our part in this benevolent work. They offer,
It is true, to send the rice which General Sherman
hna given them and sell It at the enhanced pri^e
which It bears in our market, in payment of the
supplies of which they stand in sore need But, New
York' and Boston don't want their rice- Savannah
wants onr pork, beef and fluor, and I ray in the
name of Heaven let us send it to them without mon
ey and Without price. By and bye we will trade with
them as we did in the good times before the curse
of secession and rebellion came upon the land. By
and-bye we will take the rice and the cotton, and
give them our food and fabrics In return.
I don't want our great commercial cities, warm
hearted Boston and imperial New York, to go to
chaffering with poor war stricken, starving Savan
nah for eye food she needs for her fandshing citizens.
Ne, Air, I stoned as soon hare erperted the fond father in
theparabie.ihat tor•diettpaae in the +.01 , 71 , 11y luau, f , ..1/ 4 ve
a b a Tab, with his Moo-Ili/1g for a meals victuals out of
the faded , a 11: Let us offer it to them freely, not in
the spirit 01 alms-airing, but as a pledge of fraternal
feeling, and an earnest 01 our disposition to resume
I all the . kind offices of fellow-eitlzenship with our re
turning brethren.
Do von say they were lately our enemies? I am
well coustnced that the majority, the great majority,
were so but nominally. Hot what if they were
oar enemitas? "If thine enemy hunger, feed him;
if he thirst, give him drink," especially when he has
laid down his arms and submitted to your power.
And 1 hope we may never have to retaliate in any
other way, the cruelties of starvation practiced ripen
our poor prisoners.
I Gen. Sherman; as kind as he to brave, who desires
only to preserve, by the gentle away of gratitude
and lore, what, his unconquered sword has won,
has himself said that "the timely relief of the suffer
ing citizens of Savannah will be worth more to the
Union canoe than ten battles." For Heaven's sake,
my friends, let us hasten to win these bloodleas
victories, saddened by no parent's bereavement,
nor widow's team."
It was a beautiful speech to finish the career of a
Christian orator. Pleading in behalf of mercy and
, Lis fellow-men, hta voice was hashed In death as a
close to a sweeping and rounded period. More than
, ever impreaaivo are the thoughts anti sentiments
given by the aged national counsellor in the speech
at Varietal Hall, being as they were the dying; words
of tide public voice
USE OF ME ARMS IN WALKING
PETBOLLVIL
As before mentioned, there is one chance in a half
dozen that the horer will strike oil, and that the pro-
portion of wells that give a permanent flow, even
when successful (or a while, may safely be estimated
in a like manner. There are hundreds of wells along
Oil Creek that at first gave an abundant suliply of
Petroleum, yet to-day they are as dry as a powder.
horn. And in the Mecca oil region of Ohio, which
three or four years ago was the center of attraction,
there is not at the present time a single well that la
much more than paying expenses, and not one in a
hundred of those that at one time gave great pro
mite, is now pumping. Within the last year, hew.
ever, a number of " played out " wells—to use the
expressive term in use hereabouts—have been teen
perutsd by ingenious processes and patient labor,
and now abundantly repaying the work expended
upon them. As an instance of what may be accom
plished in this way, as well as to show the Imre'.
tency and determination of oil seekers, the following
circumstance may be mentioned f'
Mitchel & Allen, a Philadelphia oil company, ob
tained the leases known as the Cement wells, on
the Buchanan farm. This well bad already been
tried and abandoned by several practical oil-searchers,
and was pronounced worthless. Th.. Philadelphians,
however, thought differently, and went to work with
a will to demonstrate their theory As another in
stance of the pertinacity which is given to a man by
the hope oPgaining a we'd well, the following is re
lated:
Mr. P. Haines was boring kwell 111A0 on the lin
chasten farm, and had every rprospect of plucky
strike. Unfortunately, when going through the lust
stratum of rock, his drill became detached, stuck In
the rock several hundred feet from the surface, and
man was never more completely in a "fix" than he
—so was the drill. But be was plentifully endowed
with pure Yankee perseverance and industry, and
went to work to remove the drill—a seemingly hope
less tusk. For fifteen months Mr. fiulnes labored as
sidlously with this object, and his patience and In
dustry were at last rewarded by success—hisrroublen
were healed by the gentle soothing of "a hundred
barrels a day."
Since the great commercial Importance of petro
leum became known, the discoveries of oil have
been wonderful. Western Pennsylvania was the
first, and still is the greatest oil producing region,
but the oleaginous compood has since been found
to exist in nearly half the Staten. and Territories now
within the Union, and probably will also he bound
in those now under the rebel dominion, wbeu J-tr.
Davis and his clan are made to see the folly of char
log the innis fahlus of independence, and go to
boring for tangible petroleum. The Oil Creek re
gion Is the favorite with practical oil men, for the
reason that the chancels of success iu boring here are
better than in any other locality yet discovered.
But thmughout ail western Pennsylvania the Pe
troleum has reached fever heat. Wells are being
bored, land bought up at fabulous prices, and the
people, who for years have been content to plod
an frugal and industrieus pert milers are dazzled by
the prospect of fabulous wealth. lu Clarion and
Fayette counties rich wells have been obtained, and
In Washington, Lawrence, Beaver, Butler, Crawford,
Erie, Green, Indiana, Clearfield and Elk counties,
oil has already been obtained, or the sinking of webs
is In progress. In these counties the farmers have
all put extravagant prices on their lands: and even
then are careful to stipulate that a certain percentage
of the prospective oil Is to go into their pockets.
Doubt les nine-tenths of them will be able to literal
ly put all they get In their pockets. Western
Vlnrinla, next to Western Pennsylvania, is the ad•
miration of oil men. The war and the all fever
brore out simultaneously in this region; hut not
withstanding the greasy appearance of the rebels
generally, there seems to be but little affinity be
tween rebellion and Petroleum, and the rebels have
a disagreeable way of making periodical raids into
the Western Virginia oil regions, thereby suddenly
suspending oleaginous research It is thought,
however, that when this "cruel war is over," to use
a strictly original expresslon—the oil region of
Western Virginia will be found to be at least equal
in richness to those of Pennsylvania. In Ohio, the
oil seems to " lay around loose," and It Is said, with
undoubted truthfulness, that torment almost fear to
go to sleep at night least before morning the petro
leum beds which they know to exist under their
farms shall burst their earthly boande and Inundate
the volute with an oleaginous flood. The Mecca
excitement, as previously stated, proved a decided
humbug, but more stable wells have been struck In
other parts of the - State. In Southeastern Ohio there
is every Indication of boundless Petroleum deposits.
In Washington county, also, the borings have proven
highly successful, and In the vicinity - of Zanesville,
Marietta, New Lisbon and Waynesburg, oil has al
ready been found. Columbiana, Preble, Muskingum
and many other counties have also reached the
bright of the oil fever, and the bowels of the earth are
being effectually stirred up. The contagion of the oil
excitement has aim) broken out in Indiana and the
"Hoosiers" are industriously trying to bore them
selves rich, with apparently good success hut to
particularize the oil localities would tske too much
space. Suffice It to say that Petroleum has already
berm discovered, In addition to the above mentioned
localities, In FCerituelat, Illinois, Missouri, Michigan,
Kansas, Califdrula, Colorado, New York and else
where In the country, and yet the di-coveries are
apparently only in their Infancy. In foreign coun
tries, too, the old oil wells which have existed for
ages have been hunted np, and in many Instances
by Yankees, and petroleum (the word, not the sub.
sinner) is in the mouth of the whole world. As a
case in point, one of the Boston papers states that
Col. Gowan, of that city (the Yankee who took the
contract to raise the sunken vessels in harbor of Se
bastapool, if I mistake not) was lately en route trout
St. Petersburgh, Reasla, through Georgia and Cir
cassia. In the neighborhood of the sea of Azof, he
stumbled upon some old oil wells, bought them for
a song, and now delights the gaping natives by
drawing grease out of the earth with steam.
This qu-stion is solely theoretical, and min be de
monstrated only by time. The best opinions are,
however, that Petroleum is inexhaustible, that
the transformation which the earth is constantly
undergoing causes a perpetual deposit of vegetation
beneath the tnriace of the earth, and the distillation
of this vegetable matter forming constituents of Pe
troleum, the geologists argue that the supply is
boundless. Oil men are 'mite willing to leave the
subject to the Rattans. It is suite enough for the dis
ciples of Petrolla to know that tie oil now exists fu
vast quantities, and they are determined that while
geologists theorize, they will pump.
The Petroleum interest is, of ammo, only in its
Infancy, but the product of last year shows the
conow.rcial interest which the oil I. rapidly attain
trot. There are no means of estimating, even
approximately, the quantity of oil consumed In
this country during 1,564, and the only way in which
an idea of the gross production can be formed Is by
referring to the evportutiuu.
r=7=M7IMIF - A7l
The death of the Hon. William Lewis Dayton,
United States Minister to France, is announced as
having taken place In Paris, December tat, 1864, by
a sudden attack of apoplexy.
Mr. Dayton was horn at Baskingridge, New-Jersey,
February 17th, 1807, and bad consequently almost
completed his fifty-eighth year at the time of his
death. He was graduated at Princeton College In
18H, and after passing through the usual coarse of
legal study, was admitted to the bar in IS3O. In
137, he was elected a member of the New-Jersey
Senate ; In IS3B he was appointed an associate Judge
Of the Supreme Court, which (dike be resigned In
1811 ; and in 1812, succeeded Mr. Southard as United
States Senator, serving in teat capacity until March,
1851. Upon retiring from Congress he resumed the
practice Lehi?. profession in Trenton ; In 18.513 he was
Nominated by the Republican National Convention
as the candidate for Vice-President, Mr. Fremont
being the candidate Inc President; and upon the
accession of Mr. Lincoln in 18111, receiving the ap
pointment of United State% Minister to France,
which office he retained till the time of hi, decease.
Mr. Dayton was a prominent Free-Soll Whig during
his Congressional career, was an intimate adviser of
President, Taylor, and an ardent supporter of the
policy of his administration. He defended the ad
mission of California into the Union as a Free State,
voted against the Fugitive Slave Bill, and was In fa
vor of the abolition 01 the slave-trade In the District
of Columbia. Mr. Dayton was a man of high per
sonal integrity, modest and coticiltatory in his de
portment, of polished and ,winning manners, clear
and accurate in his perceptiOns, and eloquent In de
bate. He had gained great favor among the Ameri
can residents at Paris by bin firm maintenance of the
rights of his country, and his zeal for her cause In
the hone of her trial.
T» Hui OTTL—A scrub head boy having been
brought before the caart as a witness, the following
coloquy ensued:
" Where do you live?" said the Judge.
"Live with my mother.
" Where does your mother live ?"
"She lives with father."
" Where does ho f"
" He lives with the old folks."
" Where do they live r says the Judge, getting
very red, as an audible snicker goes memo the
room.
" They live at home."
"Where in thunder is their homer roars the
Jud "
Th ge.
at's where I'm from," says the boy, etching
his tongue In a corner of his cheek sad slowly dos
lug ono eye on the Judge.
" Here, Vt. Columbia," says the court, " take
the witness out and tell film to travel ; be evidently
fieea not understand the nature of an oath."
" Ton would think, different," says the boy, going
towsnilboMlVlrlifs . rti.j WYs ppotstti glo you 6
edeMhll" •,
TES MLOROSOOPL
With the help or his microscope, man can enter
into a world unknown to the ignorant and altogeth
er
Invisible to the unassisted aye, In every plant
and flower which adorns the field, In every leaf of
the forest, In the seeds, prickles, and down of all
vegetahles, he perceives heautlea and harmonies,
and - exquisite contrivances, of which, without this
Instrument, he could have formed no conception.
In every scale of haddock he perceives a beautiful
piece of net-work, admirably contrived and arranged,
and in the scale of a sole a still more diversified
structure, which no art could Imitate, terminated
with pointed spikes, and formed with admirable
regularity. Where nothing but a speck of moldi
ness appears to the naked eye„ he beholds a forest of
mushrooms with long at. Ora,
and with leaves and
blossoms distinctly visible. In the eves of a com
mon fly, where others can see only two small pro
tuberances, he preceives several thousands of beau
tiful transparent globes, exquisitely rounded and
polished, placed with the utmost regularity In rows,
crossing each other like a kind of latticework, and
forming the most admirable piece of mechanism
which the eye can contemplate. The small dust
that covers the wings of moths and butterflies he
perceives to consist of an infinite multitude of
feathers of various forme, not much unlike the
feathers of birds, adorned with the most bright and
vivid colors. In an animal so small that the naked
eye can scarcely distinguish it as a visible point, he
perceives a head, mouth, eyes, legs, joints, bristles,
hair, and other animal parts and function,, as nicely
formed and adjusted, and endowed with as much
vivacity, agility, and intelligence as in the larger ani
mule. In the tail of a small fish or the foot of a
frog, he can perceive variegated branches of the
veins and arteries, and the blood circulating through
them With amazing velocity. In a drop of stagnant
water he perceives thousands of living beings of
various shapes and elzes, beautifully formed, and
swimming with wanton vivacity, like fishes In the
midst of the ocean. In abort, by this Instrument he
perceives that the whole earth is fall of animation,
and that there is not a single tree, plant or flower,
and scarcely a drop of water, that is not teeming
with life and peopled with its peculiar inhabi
tants. He thus enters, as It were, into a new world,
Invisible to other eyes, where every object in the
animal, vegetable and mineral kingdoms present a
new and interesting aspect, and unfolds beauties,
harmonies, contrasts, and exquisite contrivances,
altogether Inconceivable by the ignorant and unre
eeting mind.
_a
What a sublime Idea! With the aid of a telescope
Is presented to the view such an object as the planet
Jupiter, a globe fourteen hundred times larger than
the world In which we dwell, and whose surface
would contain a ponulation one hundred times more
numerous than all the Inhabitants that have existed
on our globe since the creation! And how is the
sublimity of such an idea augmented, when we con-
eider that this Immense body is revolving round its
axis at the rate of twenty eight thousand miles in an
bone, and is flying at the same time, through the
region of space, twenty-nine thousand miles every
hour, aiming along with It four moons, each of
them larger than the earth, during its whole course
round the centre of its motion! And If this planet,
which appears only like a luminous speck on the
nocturnal sky, presents sudi an august idea, when
Its nangnitnde slid motions are investigated, what
an astonishing idea is presented to the mind when
it contemplates the Bice and splendor of the sun—a
body which would contain within its bowels nine
hundred globes larger than Jupiter, and thirteen
hundred thousand globes of the bulk of the earth;
which darts its rays, In a few moments, to the
remotest bounds of the planetary system, producing
light and color, and life and vegetation, throughout
the surrounding worlds! And how must our astom
ishment be still increased, when we consider the
number of such globes which exist throughout the
universe; that within the range of our telescopes
more than a hundred ralikong of globes, similar to
the sun in size and splendor, are arranged at im
measurable distances from each other, diffusing their
radiance through the, immensity of space, and en
livening surrounding worlds with their benign in
fluence, besides the innumerable multitude, which,
our reason tells us, must exist beyond all that is
visible to the eyes of mortals!
A traveller on the western plains, writing from
ColorAu T«rritory, recommends camp hie Ic that
rezlon as a cure for all sort. of Intlrtultles. He says:
A few years ago the great western plains were a I
a kind of terra incognita to all but a few hardy plo
seers. Sow, thousands of Immigrants and emigrants,
teamsters, traders and soldiers go over them In all
directions. Still, the class that generally ventures
out 1. the hardy sort, answering to the back woods
man of forty veers since when Ohio and Indiana
were considered the Par Rest I have often won
dered why our timid, nervous, delicate females do
nut occasionally take a trip in this way. The steer,
are very brilliant in the clear atmosphere, the air
exceedingly Invigorating, and the fare peculiarly
adapted to health. I sat opposite to a lady today,
at table. whose rosy appearance and embonpoint
showed well as she partook heartily of jack-rabbit.
Toe day before, she ate wild goose strith an equal
relish. Pffemloacy produced by, ennui, delicacies
and hot-beds, Is altogether unknown. When a lady
can learn to spread her huffaloxohe on the plain,
look c.ludy up to heaven—which seems nearer here
than eisewnere—and sleeps while her husband whis
pees In her ear and the, wolves bowl a symphony
from an adjacent sandhill, she Is safe from hysterics
and romance, and bids fair to be remembered by pos
terity.
We passed large herds of bnffulo below Prairie
Rock. The meat this season Is remarkably fat and
tender. Antelopes tilt past tis on almost every riege.
Geese and ducks are abundant on the Arkansas, and
the Jack.ralsbit, which (judging' from my opposite
table compabion)has become quite a favorite, springs
from almost every tuft, like a young deer, It is in
deed a wild country.
WALKING AND TALKING.
There is one rule to he (trmmed In takine exercise
by walking—the very best form In which It can be
taken by the young, and the able-bodied of all ages,
and that is, never to allow the action of respiration
to be carried on through the mouth. The named
passages arc clearly the medium through which 'es.
piration was, by our Creator, deaigned to be carried
on " God breathed Into man's nostrils the breath
of life," previous to his becoming a living creature.
The difference In the exhaustion of strewth by a
long walk with the mouth firmly closed, and respir
ation carried on through the nostrils instead of
through the mouth, is leconceivable to those who
have never tried the experimeut. indeed, this Mit.
cht,.vons and really unnatural habit of carrying on
the work et Inspiration and expiration through the
mouth is the true origin of almost all the diseases of
the throat and the lungs, as bronchitis, congestion,
itstlima, and even consumption itself. That exces
sive perspiration to which some individuals are so
liable in their sleep, and which Is so weakening to the
body, is solely the effect of such persons sleeping
with their mouths unclosed. And the same um
pleasant and u3.1111115i1 , 3 results arise to the animal
system from walking with the mouth open, instead
of, when not engaged in conversation, preserving
the lips in a state of firm but quiet compression.
As the heat and veloelty of the blood through the
lungs depend almost entirely upon the quantity of
the atmospheric sir inhaled with each inspiration,
and as it is unavoidable that It should be taken In,
In volumes, by the mouth, whilst It can only be
supplied fn moderate quantities, and just In snificieni
proportion to serve the purpose of a healthy reapla
; story action whilst supplied through the nostrils, it
Is clear that the body must be much lighter and
i cooler, and the breathing much freer and easier,
wh e n the latter course rather than the former is the
, one adopted. Children ought never to he allowed
to stand or walk with their months open; for be-
sides the vacant appearance it gives to the counte
mance, it Is the ccrtala precursor of coughs, colds,
and sore throats.
CHILD Tall:MO.—They were 1114 pretty little
children once as you could wish to see, and might
have been so still if they had only been lett to grow
np like human beings, but their foolish fathers and
mothers, instead of letting them pick tiowera, make
dirt pies, and get birds' mats, and, dunce round the
gooseberry bush, as little children ebonid, kept
them always at lessons, working, working, working,
learning week-day lessons all - week-days, and Sun
day lessons all finndays, and weekly examinations
every Saturday, and monthly examinations every
month, and yearly examinations every year, every
thing seven times over, as if once was not enough,
and enough as good as a feast,—till their brains grew
big, and their bodies grew small, end they were all
changed into turnips, with bat little water Inside;
and still their foolish parents actually pick the leaves
off them as fast as they grow, lest they should have
anything green about them.—Cliarles Eingstey.
ra" Dr. Franklin's celebrated receipt for cheep
sleigh riding runs u follows In the batik; your
night clothes, with both doers open, so that you can
get a good draft ; your feet to pall or Ice -water;
drop the front door key down your back ; hold an
Icicle In one hand and ring the tea bell with the oth
er. He eau yen can't tell the difference with your
cp.* shut, and it lee great deal cheaper.
.• e . .
pa
Ott Vitt
02.00 per annum, In advanae.
THE TELE:3OOE%
COLORADO.
=ffEZEM/29
liliumi:3lDiMill
Oorrapoadate• If the Indepindent ispubWan.
LETTER FROM "JAM*
11. & ensues Vice=ollie.lll2.lll
Can HI M'S LIGUT, Vi, Feb. 86,1866.
Friend Frazer: The work is done and we MI
back again. Three mouths ago I addressed a latter
stating that we "were on the move." At that time.
we had as our opponent an enemy strong In defences
and abounding with resources as they were hinds*.
ed by their friends and sympathizers abrade To
day these formidable lialakoffs are in our lon,
and, I am now grateful to sendyoothettdmgawhich
have ere this been heralded to you by telegrapher
the capture of Wilmington HAW. I have In previous
letters given you an account of the capture of
the Forte and will say nothing additional In regard
to it. Although their csipture was a..spnest gimpy*.
it did not remove all the obstacles to a eompbens
triumph. We had formidable river batteries to over
come, unseen torpedoes In the stream to pass over,
and a vigilant and cunning enemy on the banks an d
In the swamp to resist our approach and Impede
our progress. The first work of Importance was
Fort Anderson, a strong bomb-proof entreneteneet,
mounting heavy guns, and strongly garrisoned by
troops. Tbe plan pursued for the capture of these
works Is as follows: Fort Fisher Is situated on the
point of a strip of land which widens u it Wanda
north and Is bounded on one aide by Cape Fear
River and on the other by the seaboard. Oleg&
strip of land was concentrated the army of the enemy.
extending their line to about th ree miles from Fort
Fisher. We had about two weeks ago shelled them
out of their rifle pits, and with the aid of the land
forces captured some AKI priaoners—the " Inas
burg " alone firing 300 Melia, and her fire is repiarted
as better very effective. But to return. To dislodge
the enemy from their defences was the work of the
army and the aavy. On the River aide was the Beet,
under the direct control of Admiral Porter • on the
See side was the outside fleet, with the "Keyst one
I
State" as senior officer. Up the Beach was ed
Gen. Schofield's veterans fresh from the vletortatus
fields in Tennesee and Gen. Terry's army (whose
previous triumphs are fresh on the unpublished
page of history) came up from the fort. Thus the
ball began. The fleet Inside kept tip s couttnuans
fire. And on Monday, Feb. 90th, Ant Anderson
surrendered, with about 60 prisoners, the remainder
making good their escape. During the capture two
torpedoes exploded, one under the Eau doiniecon
siderable damage. The army under cover of the
gunboats kept up their march up - the river meeting
with but little resistaum and on Monday Feb. 22d,
the city surrendered to the land forces, The quire
lion then arose, what is to become of Lull Our ex
ecutive officers went up the river and reported to
the Admiral; found him abreast of the city and
about two miles from It, and received order, to pro
ceed to Fortress Monroe for further orders, all the
outside fleet being ordered away—the Aries to report
to Key West. Boon the word WWI passed, all bands
up anchor, and the men merrily manned the capstan,
and at the word " heave away" did so in good style,
with the bright vision of a rest from blockade life
and a new scene of action.
We are now eomewhere in the vicinity of Cape
Fleury, and have made o good but slow voyage, In
terspersed with but little disagree:oln weather.
Cams across echotils of porpoises, and the harpoon
was several times brought hiln requisition, but never
need. A heavy tog is now °Verbalizing, and the
roz.wta.tla la frequently used. Wk) passed Cape
Hatteras light late last night, at 8, P. u.. beating
W. N. W., and made good weather ateduf. the woe.
But I will suspend my letter until we get Into the
Roads and I will then finish the same. The MI,
(Washington's Birth Day) was celebrated by dresalng
the ship in flags and each thinking person had the
proud consciousness that we were fighting to main
tain • cause he established years ago. Bat enough
fur the present. .
flAwyrom ROADS, Va., Feb. 27, 1966
The foe has cleared up and we pilot ed 011SeaTel
Into the hardar,reporied to senior ,wboordered
ua to proceed abreast of the fort and set . guard
ebip until the Admiral arrived, when we will receive
our orders. We have already hoisted the Gthuvi
Flag, and the boat which is to convey this mall by
been called away. 12w adieu for the present.
a H. Swim'
NIBIBTERING ANGELS.
Being in Boston the other day, I was Ageing
along a rather poor street, when I was accosted by a
young lady with whom I formerly bad some ae
quaintance. I did not recognize her at first, but the
tones of her voice soon recalled her to my recollec
tion. As we stood for some moments chatting to
gether, I could not help noticing a change In her
appearance. Five years ago I bad known Miss
it— welt She was the only child of ore of the
richest merchants in Boston, and the brigheat m
eat creature that can be Imagined, the spelled Miri
inc. of admiring friends, the very 'topmost sparkle"
on the glittering wave of fashionable life. Now her
appearance, though not shabby, was greatly charm
ed. A plain, dark dress, a cloak of last year's pat
tern, a cheap though tasteful bonnet, and well worn
furs, made up a costume which she would not have
thought it possible to appear in once. Her man
ner, too, seemed a little subdued from its old buoy
ancy, and her cheerfhl, smillit face had a shade of
thoughtfulness which I did not remember then. I
tied never heard of any reverses that had overtaken
Miss 11-- or her family ; still I supposed some
thing of the kind must have happened, and felt
much sympathy for her changed forMnes.
Meeting a friend soon after, I Inquired of him
what it meant "Ohl" said her, "it's only the war.
The pressure of the public calamity has soberW her,
and tranatormed the gay girl we once knew Into
,omething only a little lower than the angels. She
ass not lost her property; and Heaven forbid she
.=bould, for money In such herds is doubly blessed.
she has no near friends of her own to give trN bat
she has devoted herself to other people's friends.—
dick and wounded soldiers' widow - . and 01.0 t,
every form of suffering which the war has produced;
finds a consoler In her. She wears her old hats,
and turns her old dresses wrong side up and Inside
out, that she play give all her allowance to the des
titute. And not only her allowance, but her time,
is all given. There is not a seamstress in Boston
who works harder, or more hours than she, making
clothing, distributing necessaries, and hunting up
cases of relief. War la the devil's work, halt calls
angels into the field sometimes."
This is not a fancy stretch. If I were it lib/Ay to
give the real name of the ladeere spoken of, =my
would recognize It as belon to one of the moat
honored families in New land. Nor Is beers
solitary case. Innumerable are the instances of wo
men bred In luxury, who might live, as many of
hem formerly did live, In selfish ease, who devote
their time, strength and money, without stint, to
relieving the suffering caused by the war.
HINTS TO YOUNG GENTLEMEN.
Don't give up your watt In the can when you 1111 . 0
tired with your day's work, to s pert young miss
who has been amusing herself with a
plug. She will not even thank you for It' shd If a
man is going to sacrifice his comfort, he bas: a rem.
onable right, at least., to expect a little gratitude.—.
No use being polite to some ladles—there la an old
proverb about casting pearl beforee—what's her maws?
Don't submit to be crowded off the pavement into
a muddy gutter by two advancing balloons silk
and whalebones. lisven't your newly-blacked
boots as good a claim to respect as their skirts 7--
Look straight before yon, and stand to for your
rights like a man—the ladles can cotitrsot a ffttle i ,
they see there is nn help for it.
Don't talk literature and the fine arts to the pet.
ty girls of your acquaintance wall you I= sure they
know the difference between Thompson's Bealleas
and Thumpeon's Arithmetic. And if they look par-
Uentariv sentimental, then you may know that:they
do not understand what you are talk ing about,-
Don't ask a nice little girl about herdolls, unless
you are very certain she We not "come ont. , ' and
been engaged in two or three flirtations alftsdy.
Don't say complimentary toe young lady
at a party without first m sure that her "in
tended' is not standing behin you the whole time.
Don't accept a young lady's invitation to go shop
ping with her unless you have praviouly measured
the length of your puree.
Don't stay later than eleven o'clock when you
spend the evening with a pretty fritmd—the wisest
and sr West man in Christendom becomes a bate af
ter that hoer.
Don't believe any woman an angel. „n you teal
any symptoms of that disea s e, 41[0 a COW trl' eye
tea and go to bed—it Is as much a malady us the
small pox, and It fa your bestows to gat omit We
seen m possible. An angel, Indeed! if yen de**,
find out: pretty soon that she lacks conaldstably
more than the wings, we are sadly mistaken.
Don't make up your mind about any eitalaws In a
belt ribllen and velvet ' , menet without tistushin
your stater's advice. Depend upoult, one
enn read another better In five minute* MiM rine=
In five years.
And, above all, do not imagine thatyon meat
keep your lady talk and gPatlemaii talk In separate
budgets, labeled and sorted, unless Ma
girls to laugh in their sleeves at your wlalryArany
senthnentallsm. Talk to theni in alfrinkonanly
style, as you would Wan intelligent gentian:lam.—
Don't suppose, because they are women , they don't
know anything.
Remember all this advice, sir, and you may make
rather less of a Joel of yonmelf than you mould
otherwise. .
e r The so-called teethed at Stifts*-41to
ir di =calve the garkUpteep tbe
ifg: • -. 2fWVllMMlttitagrolit.