FZI
, Aper*
C : F. READ &H. H. FAAZIER, EDITtetRS. -
•Fkitle independent Repeblicate.
JOT AND SORROW.
Weir if trouble and misfortune •
Y.r thy happiness to-day?
Joy winsome again to-morrow . •
Sam , psss eth stwn away. '
Whit if sickness or affliction "
•
Bow thy hirid in deepest grief!
;here's a balm Tor every sorrow: • ,
Thou shin And a sweet .
. • •
Though ithousand woes beset thee, -. •,
, Never o'er thy iii repine ;
Joy and happiness surround thee;
Future days of bliss are thine.
,
• If the heavens thunder o'er thee, -•-
. Lightnings flash along the sky ;
If tornadoes sweep the forest ;
_And the wilewind rages by;
When the tempest his abated,
And the dark clouds disappear; •
Oh, how bright the sunti Am shineth!
And how pure the atmosphere
t •
- • 'Thus in life When clouds of sorrow
• Shut the heavens from thy sight,
firicre not; soon the rays of morning
' Shall disperse the gloom of night.
Haat then been a child of 'Redness '
urn;h-eriihoNL tasted misery
i r then will be thy gladness;
• 10
' t° ',' , `.Seter thy felicity.
-
:Tul•,••r ales ,
- up o'er each -tribulation;
•
ver yie ld thee to despair; '
, The ugh to-day is dark and low'ry,
s llllug,..t l io-itiorrow shall be fair: ,
Wre deep misery oppresS thee,
And thy tear-drops fall like rain,—
I Look up 1 heaven yet will bless thee ;•
Thou shalt surely mule - agent.
.icburn, August 16th, 163 . 8. - Diva.
SIGNOR R.ICCO ROOM.
Miss Iso,RA - Bical. was.a young lady of six
teen..unaffected. goo-hearted; and pretty. - It
must he confessed that she Was also somewhat
empty-headed and vain ; but as these qualities
are peculiar to a large proportion of her sie.
terhood,they were not particularly noticeable.
She possessed, besides, another trait; which
used to be tolerated in the young, but which
has. oflate; gone quite out of date, along with
the old-fashioned virtues—she.was ro antic.
1 know not bow to account for this circum
stancz except by connecting it with the-ap
parently incongruous (set of her having been
uducatild ins nunnery.
, .
Frfjni these ':'Lloistered waits," the poor
child, who was an - orphan,- had just emerged
.to hegin her little careerikthe world; and to
Nke the head of her, old bachelor uncle's es='
tablishment.
That worthy gentleman, though Shrewd'
\ enough in 14is way, had about as much idea
of the internal structure of a girl's heart, sal
have of tlfe process by which flowers are .in
troduced, or made to grow, in'the. middle of
th4se curious glass balls one sees everywhere,
(Turnienting-little problems that they are—
:hey slwayk perplex nu as the apples in the.
p'u.iding did Fuse king;tiedrge—l, must still
hf w-nderi'r,g brow they ws-tregot'in !)
Or e , ,orse laore had never entered a thca
was sixteett years Of age, when
,xpsed to h striinie ipfectiott, she took the
. th,ut.ric fever with uncomfacei virelefiee.
When signor Riceolot4:o, the famous tor
or, first broke on Isoraft; sight in A,handitls
ca (which is well known to consist of
.u:*e leather boots,-a red sash garnished with
and, dagger, and a- velvet cap with a
iol>bing black plume,) she felt that for'the
Erst!ime in her life, she was in the presence
of a hero. Her eager eyes were 'bent upon
Llm, sad her heart almost stopped beating,
SteorTicco Rocco took two steps - for.
ward and stopped with a jerk, and by repeat-'
ing this manceuvre several times, advanced
tu the front of thi - stage.. _
Isc.ra's heart beat quickly again, and' a flush
of excitenaent rose to her cheek. ‘.! He real,_
izes tuy ideal!" she murmured. - •
After . rather an awkward pause on the part
of the bandit,. during which the orchestra got
through with the prelude, be executed a senti- .
mental aria, in a melancholy way, with first
_ens hand and then the 'other, Alternately
pressed to hiti.heait, and-sawing the air.
Isora bearrithe mournful strain-with deep
emotton. "To think he should be unhappy!".
she sighed,•and the brimming teats Were in
her eyes. All was realityto her', silly child!
The whole evening was one of intense ex
6tementAind novel sensations to Isork . ; - and
'the worst of it ws that at this dangerceis ari:
Sig she had not even the safety valve of con
fidante. Neither&is, m.ither,nor "dearest
fneyr way, at b;nd ; and when, the poor,
lunel) child in search of 'sympathy with her
emuttons during a very trying --acne, glanced
ruurd tinildfy'-at her uncle, she was *shocked
to perceive that wtirt4 personage sound ,a
sieep.•She woke him:instatailyi that he.might
- 10! loae•the treat..
.
- -
thJugh the fact s F . have mentioned Would.
tt prove that , the uncle! did not enjoy
opera-going . mud] for its i,lwn sake, he delight
rd to give pleasure to hiS nieonor did, he
see anything tuniss: . - Or suspicious in her vehe
ment entreaties toe taken every night while
yie. opera lasted. thl‘therefbre went' and
siept,... a nd Isom went and felt—or thought
9;wera as well sometitneT—
herself in love.
. •
ine season wal along one, and things went
tv:. the silly little thing, carried away by
all snrt of sentitnentalities and delusions, was
firmly convinced her heart was lost beyond
teal
This topic filial bei bead ad completely,
:la: having as I hace•said, - female cone
'ate,:‘slie one thiy, ha utter inability to keep
each a secret'pent 4 anv longer, hinted the
sate of the case tu her uncle himself., The
pod man was aghast. Such a contingency
WI never. prestmied -itself to hie imagination.
love, with Sig-nor Rim, RoCcoindeod t"
b. ezelaimKl,.half amused and half entr.ol.
Ye- it:rived ; ••=o mitch tt love— t tbst
• --that I don't know what to do.' l
• "k love! Bah! Do you kilos , what will
cure your
ahe
" !" .bid he. Ar.? thorn
unr,,yesi, ttie
r • •
appii•d or
tiiee- ; 411 tg, it
•• I' •
7=.l...eizari to z.r - 3. pine." 114 .
her girilhit cie . 4ertec
;
attiot.• e2re•(..l moi ng, gtin tie Ytrider,
tt:/vef wrkerzi tiever men-
c • f:hff.rced
rliight 4 :i3@ -- SS )r-ze
sgAin re,,:urrcd t the ei, , •;iirt; Ctitl
;tz :110c,; * ' A A j,‘ wabi Ln wiW COlL
ftatty mail:died of 0.4
~idt
'ffiNiilliMallitir;.
. ~, 11 :
...
-:. `, . • "(...titrueott - I . - • - . ,
1 . .. . • . ;
.. ,
--i- .
...... 11 ,
•
.. , . ./. 7L4---zrgir- \
i i,. - . ‘,.... 4 , 7 .... . 4
.. 1 -ii i `'‘ „
rest, ' .
: ',.: • ' ':
.
:'
' ,1• ‘, . : -. ' : : L.
-;
"*...
'
I it
•
CAS. ...., •
. . .. . ,
-
4
Y. t. 1 ..
•••.., '',.. • •:::=,..- _ •
. ..
• ' ' l
' .
..-. .- ... . . . , .
.
~.A, • : i.
./ • . . , , . A> ,
4NY:A
He rnigsed•the life and gaiety which had
Swept like a , breeze of spring through his
musty old Wills° when hors, first entered it.
e hated to se.' a pale, lack-a2dasical girl
- kung languidly about, instefd of the fresh,
live ucy thing who had %Mused him a
few weeks before. He was_one t .of the 'gent
lest, and kindest of men, but he was a man d r - 1
ter all ; and therefore, it is probable Isora
might haie fretted herself to death without
opposition, if she could have done so without
diminishing his comfort or enjoyment; but
the case was, he felt the necessity of effort,
,and he bent his vigorous and practical mind
to a removal of the difficUlty. , The result of
Much intense study 'arid deliberation was an
invitation to Signer Ricco Rocco to dine with
him. r
Isora was informed of this arrangement,
and after thanking her uncle from the yd . ) ,
depth. of her fluttering little heart for his
great and delicate kindness, ran off to choose
betimes the dress in which to array herself on
the momentous occasion.'
The day and bout. came. (Isora began to
think they never would.) She had been &in
sulting-her mirror all the morning, and was
now dressed with simple elegance , walking up
and . down the drawing-room. with her uncle,
swat ing the arrival of her distinguished guest.
In her Innocent delight she could not help
telling her only confidant bow handsome and
interesting she thought the Signor, and her
opinion that all the world• must see his very
great resemblance to the noble and chivalric
Sir Walttr Raleigh.
To all this the wily uncle said little or noth
ing; though his shoulders would shrug a lit
tle, and a mysterious grunt, which puzzled
Isom, now and then escaped him.
A. ring at the bell. hera dragged her un
cle to the door to listen, and then back to the
farthest corner of the room, as she heard the
step ot.tbe visitor approaching
A moment more, and she was in the pres
ence of her hero. Ile was shaking hands with
her uncle—lier uncle was introducing him to
her without finding courage-to raise her
eyes, stieeould only blush deeply and bow
liter head before him.
For the first few'moinents she desired noth
ing more. It was enough tol l know that the
cherished object of her girlish :adoration—her
hero—her ideal,, was near her—in the same
room. But as it is a'law of the human heart
always to make an attained Inippineqs the
'Step by which to mount to another higher
yet, Lora in time overcame her timidity •
she raised her eyes, and saw—a middle-aged
gentleman, red-faced, and fat.
It was our heroine's instantaneous-convic
tion that an impudent hoax was attempted to .
played off on her.
1 That the elegant lover ! the chivalric hero !
the brave soldier, With whose appearance she
was so familiar from her seat in the boxes !
No, 'ate could not,' would not believe it! It
was only through her uncle's somewhat os
tentitious iteration of the name of " Rim°
~ Rocco,Th- t hafiltec.‘ witb in anylray, connect •
the impostor before Nm s r _with -The princely
person •she had heretofore knot under that
The belief that her ur.cle was attempting
to ply oir,a trick upon her was confirmed at
dinner•time,,as she observed the guest's half
bred manners and, voracious appetite. It ri
pened•into certainty during s conversation
she ad with him after :bey had returned to
,the draw-ing-room.
Her uncle had been coiled away for a short
titre by a business v;sitant, and in the short
tetev-lete during his absence the Signor be
came-so confidental as to inform bora, in
broken English, that he bad priibably brok
en more rears than any, man living, and,
at the present•time, nearly-twenty young la
-dies wfretoomed victims to his dangerous
attractions. ,
Perfectly disgusted with his overiveening
vanity,-and embarrassed by a confidence so
unsolicited and undesired, Isom was thankful
for the reappeaiance of her uncle in time to
obviate the necessity of a .reply which she
knew not hgw to frame.
' Ere long the guest departed, and the uncle .
inimediatelrdemanded, " Well, ley, what do
you tlgnlt_p? your Signor Ric rtocco,mow • ?"
imiele,”- answered . Isora, smiling re
proachfully as she patted his cheek with her
fan,"-do you think I don't see through you
and 'your plane?" .
The uncle changed countenance isibly, and
with rather a conscience-stricken look, asked
what %he meant. -
•
"Why, of course„ uncle, I,am only a silly
girl, and not hard to outwit, I dare say; but
your trick-is rather .too palpable -to impose
even_ upon me. -That red-faced" - mait Signor
Ricuo Rocco, indeed ! He was more like Dan
iel Lambert!"
The uncle suddenly recovered his spirits.
"Oh ! that is the view ion take of it, my
little darling, is itl" be cried, rubbing his
hands gleefully. " Then I'm all right, for I
can tell you; my word of honor, that our
visitor was Signor Rieco Rocco himself, in
propria persona, as sure as I am the best of
uncles."
' But Isora was still unconvinced. She could
not doubt her uncle's word r but neither
could she realize any ideutification - of the two
widely different individuals claiMing the same
name. , She bad still the impression that some
deception was being practiced upon herb
Her uncle, perceiving her doubts, wisely
proposed another visit to the opera, assuring
is niece that though she could pot discern
Signor Rocco Rbecoln their guest, she would
not find it so difficult to trace their guest in
Signor Ricco Rocco. .
To her amazement Isora found this predic
tion true. The next night,, in spite df dis
guise, paint, and • stage illusions; - their: fat
guest of the previous day stood constantly
before her. She was cured.
Smile yearn afterwards !sort marrieds a
plain, sensible man, with nothing of ~the hero
about- him except a- noble, -loving heart, but
whom .she managed to love devotedly, not
-withstanding. •
Iles uncle made one of her household, and
t-I,TC1.0(1, a great influence over her; for it
was t.b.:etvable that whenever anything_did
n o r Ll a. as he approved, or his nitre was about
to aei in any way he considered` foolish, he
h a d, hut-til pronounce the mysterious words,
" Iliceo.:Rtaliol" to reduce her to instant
Ql,eqiiilice to his wishes. •
Tins ta.--z." It is -not. :work Mat
kifis, me?l ; is worry. Worx is healthy,
but “.)u ean_put more cat-a 'man thsn he can
!..);:ar, , , It: is not the revolution that destroys
the tn . sehittery, but the-friction. _ Fear se
e!-etes acids; but - love sad . trust are swect
YcirCie . ,
. ,
~~
It\i".,
Sometime just before or about the begin
ning of the revolutionary war, Sergeant Jas
per, of Marion's Brigade, had the good for
tune to save the life of a young, beautiful,
and dark-eyed creole girl called Sally St.
Clair. Her susceptible nature was overcome
with gratitude -to her preserver, and this
soon ripened into a passion of lose, of ttit
most deep and fervent kind. She -lavished
upon him the whole wealth of her affections
and the whole depth of passion nurtured by
a Southern sun. When he was celled upon
to join the ranks of his country's defenders,
the 'prospect of the'r separation almost mad
dened her. Their parting carne; but seisrce
ly was she left:alone,. ere her romantic na
ture prompted the mean; of retnion. Once
resolved, no consideratioir of danger could
dampen her spirit, and no thought of conse
quences could move her purpose. She sever
ed her long and jetty ringlets, and pros ided
herself; and set forth-to follow the fortunes
of her lover. •
A smooth:faced, beautiful and delicate
stripling appeared among the hardy, rdugh
and giant farmers who composed the corps
to which Jasper belonged. The contrast be
tween the stripling , and these men, embrown
ed and discolored by the sun and rain, was
'indeed striking. - But none were more eager
for: the battle, or so indifferent to fatigue, as
the fair-faced boy. ft was found that his en
ergY .of character, resolution and courage,
amply supplied his lack of physique. None
even suspected that she was a woman. Not
even Jasper himself, although she was 'often,
by his side, penetrated her disguise, but
treated her with kindness and respect, and
often applauded her heroic bravery. The
romance of her situation increased the fervor
of her passion, It was her delight to reflect
that, unknoWn to him, she was by his'side to
watch over him, in the hour of danger. She
,had fed her passion by gazing upon him in
the hour Of slumber; hovering near him
When stealing through the swamp and thick
et, and always ready to avert danger from
his' head.
But gradually there stole it melanelmly
presentiment over the poor girl's mind. She
had been tortured with h4es deterred, the ,
war *as prolonged, and the prospvt of being
restored to him grew more and more uncer
tain. But now she felt that her dream of
happiness could never he realized. She be
aline convinced that death was abort to
snatch her away from his bide ; 'omit she pray
ed that she might die, and he never know to
what lengths the violence of her passiOn had
led her.
It was the eve before a battle. The camp
had sunk into repose. , The watch fires were
burning low, and only the.,slow tread of-sen
tine,lsfell upon the profound silence of the -
Malt -air as they moved through the dark
.hiltows of tha forest. Stretched upon the
ground, with no other couch than a blanket,
reposed the warlike form ofJaspor. Climb
ing vines trailed themselves into a canopy
above his head, 'through Which the stars shone
down softly. The faint flicker from the ex
piring embers of fire tell athwart his counte
nance,-and tinged the cheek of one who bent
above his couch. It was the smooth-faced
stripling. She bent low down, as if to listen
to his dreams or to breathe into'-his soul
pleasant visions of love and happiness. But
tears traced themselves down the fair ode's'
cheek, and fell silently but rapidly upon the
brow of her lover. A mysterious voice has
told her that tho hour of parting hits arrived.
There is one last, long, lingering look, and
the unhappy maiden is seen to tear herself
away from the spot, to weep out her sorrows
in privacy.
Fierce and terrible is the &inflict that on
the morrow rages on -that spot. Foremost
in that battle is the intrepid Jasper, and ever
by his side fights thglitripling yearrior. Oft
en, during the heat and the smoke, gleams
suddenly upon the eyes- of Jasper the melan
choly face of the maiden. In the thickest of
the fight, surrounded by enemies, the loVerS
fight side by side. Suddenly a lance is *lev
eled at the breast of Jasper; -but swifter
than the-lance is Sally St. Clair. There is a
wild cry, and at the feet of ,Jasper sinks the
maiden, with the lite blood gushing from her
i'hite bosom. He heeds not the din or - the
danger of the conflict ; but down by the side
of the lying boy he kneels. Then, for the
first time, does he learn that the stripling is
his love; that often by the camp fire and in
the swamp she has been by Ills side ; that
the dim vision of his slumber, of an angel
face hovering above him, bad indeed been
true. ',ln themitht of the battle with her lover
by her side, and the barb' still in her bosom,
the heroic maiden dies! ,
Iler name, her sex, and her noble devo
tion soon became known through the corps.
There was a tearful group gathered around
her grave; there was not of these hardy, war
rior 4 one who did riot bedew her grave with
tears. They buried her near the river San
tee, in a green shady nook, that looked as
if it had been stolen out of Paradise.'
KIM) Woans.—Kind Words never blister
the tongue or lips. And we have never
heard of any mental trouble arising from this
quarter. Though they do not cost much, yet
they accomplish much. They help one's own
good-nature and good-will. Soft words soft
en our Own soul. Angry words are fuel to
the flame of wrath, and make it burn more
fiercily. Kidd words make other 'people
good-natured. Cold 'words freeze - mple,
and hot words scorch them, and bitter4ords
make them bitter, and wrathful words make
wrathful. -There is such a rush of all other
kind of wordi in our day, that it seems desi
rable to give kind words a chance among
them. There are vain words, and idle words,
and silly words, and hasty words, and spite
ful words, and boisterous words, and warlike
words. Kind words also produce Weir own
image on Lilies souls. And a beautiful 'im
age it is. T y soothe, and quiet, and com
fort the hearth . . They shame him out of his
sour, morose; unkincifeelings. We have not
vet begun to use kind words in such shun
"c6nce as they ought to be used.—.faicat
),,iptaa' . - nai - D_AD.amv aaaomo_cir oo..tawg . Ov Amß -''Rg2o,pt,?-9
MONTROSE, THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER- 2, 1858.
THE WARRIOR MAIDEN. '
larA paragraph has been going the
rounds abouti a lady who has a moustache on ,
her bp. It is not uncommon fur young la
die,) to have moustaches'on'their lips, but rare
that they grow there.
sr- Wel me evermore to gods and men
is The selk-he ping man. Fur him all door
are flung wid " ; him all tongues greet, all hon
ors ctdwn, 1 eyes- follow with claire.
ADDRESS,
DELRrtRIID DT
J. P. STODDARD, A. X.,
President of Me PENNSTITANIA STATE TRACIIKRS' As
socisTiorri Aug. 11a, 1858, at Scranton, Pa.
FELLOW TEACHERS OP THII PENNSYLVANIA
STATE TEACHERS ' ASSOCIATION, AND FRIENDS
oF EDUCATION :—The recurrence of our EMU
niversary gathering, while it marki the peat
od of a happy reunion of the friends of edu
cation, suggests grave reflections on the flight
of time. Steadily and . cea.selessly the Hoary
Reaper moves on his tireless way, towards
the umbeasurable futge, regardless alike of
the lethargy that broods like night ovetr-mi
thinking mortals, and the dread necesOities
that bid them awake-to life= andactivity ;--;
alike deaf to the pleadings of the yearning
soul, whose keen prophetic glances proclaim
a single life too short to permit the Other
ing of half that truth which'strews the. ), Alks
of life. and to the shrieking mortal, vihit)his
sands near run. craves but the leaseof one
short year, that the neglected work of life
may not be left entirely undone. Time
moves, on, and in its course bears all human
itV on to their-destined end.
Thus - Warned of the stern limitation is -
r
ttach to our being, it behoves us to' ' qutrA,
whether' the- enterprises and thol p— c,{ 'll .
whose adoption we have now - rna i,, en 4
brate, have kept pace with the Aee l tintAfu a ,l' i
in their advance towards accomplishn I,uin.
When, in the Summer of the 'year ' '2it' i,
this association met to deliberate Imo,ie
condition and the necessities of the Corn- on
Schools and the Common School )..lit.
ment of the State, the aspect of tiffaita,•-rin
view of ,he great ends to be accomplished,
afforded but little encouragement. The prej
udices of an unwisely educated people, and '
the natural Misconceptions of the unlettered
masses, invested the subject with ordinary,
if not more than ordinary, difficulties.
The provisions already made for the edu•
cation of the yoiing, seemed to many worthy
citizens quite sufficient for their necessities,
and the innovations that the friends of uni
versal education proposed, appeared to them
a sheer invasion of the peice of a contented
people. True, there were schools-and school
districts, but,in want of proper arrangement,
and the utter absence of every provision for
improvement, the whole interest of the De
partment of public instruction was: far too
cramped to admit a- worthy success; for, as
a system of public instruction; it was with
out proper organization, and, consequently,
destitute of efficiency:.
To particularize a little in justification of
the view we h ace taken of the past condition
4
of things, s eg you to but remember, that
the Teacher, isolated and cheerless, shut up
within the boundaries of his own district,
could only plod on his wearr-way. No fra
ternal bond united him to his professional
kindred in other districts of the - State,—no
genial interchange of views on tilt applica
tion of their delicate art,—no inspiring
proofs of permanent advanretrient, were
found in reviewing each others' experience in
the class-room,—naelectric'flash -caused by
mental contact, was made to clear the track,
or light the way of a fellow teacher in the
paths of educational leadership ; but solitary
and alone, absolved from the conscious re
sponSibilities of official position, and shelter
ed from the chastening ctiticistn of associate
educators, each was as unhappily independ
ent of healthful external 'influences, as were
the ancient Hebrews -during the _period in
which there were no judges in ,Israel ; when
"every man did that which was right in his
own eves."
. .This was by no means , - an unaccountable
condition of things. The communities de
manded nothing better, and the state we have
referred to was natural and
.inevitable. No,
—while the community at large sympathize
with this spirit of general irresponsibility,
with reference to the education of itheir chil
dren—while they can feel that they bave
fully discharged their duties as citizens and
parents' when they have committed the
minds and hearts of their offspring to thr,t,se
who can keep thorn. from mischievous idle
ness during their working hours, and who,
if they can do no more, can kill both ante
and talent, and perform their work well for
small wages.—when they-have paid in full
the district tax for the support of schools,—
when such is the stamp and inactivity,,Ps•
people:, there is no hope Of the eleVt me
our schools above the common level of tht
ranee. U1)(4)1.1
If this picture of the character orottreom
mon schools during the years that preceded"
the organization of this Association, appears
too disparaging, we can only say that the
rare ability and faithful labors of a few
our teachers, alone, constituted the exception;
for nothing in the organization of the depart
rrient could save the schools from this un
pleasant contrast kvith the establishment
which it was both the privilege and the duty
'of the State to afford to its children.'
TEACHERS . I.N.STITUTES.
A noble deliverance from this ill esteemed
condition, is the work which we claim has
been wrought through the agency of this. As
sociation. True it is, that a short time be
fore the Convention of August, 1853, some
of the more gifted in the ranks of our teach
ers began to led the necessity for improve.
ment, and.following in the wake of, some of
the more efficient educators in other States,
the occasional holding of Teachers'institutes
attested,-at once, their zeal and - worthy de
signs. Without proper organization, howev
er, their efforts could be but partially Inc
cessful. The efficient organization of this
agency, with a proper head and with specific
ends and purposes, is among the noblest
fruits of the-" State Teachers' Association."
Through them the work of education is in
vitingl:f 'pressed upon the consideration of all
classes, both teachers and philanthropists
parents and pupils; and the wisdom
by thoughtiand experience, is, in - the gather
ing together of the teachers in the various
counties of the State, freely- contributed, by
ihose- who have it to bestow, for the benefit
and 'encouragement of all:, •
Similarity of pursuits, especially in those
departments of life-labor which involve more
of .
perplexity and toil than pecuniary profit,
,always inspires feelings of mutual •Aindness
and interest ; and when the current of tho't
begins to flow:from mind to mind, and sym
pathy from heart to heart, the benefits of ea
, sociation begin to, be realized in proper mea
r sure. The whole work of universal educa
tion begins to assume iterightful place in the
•estimation of those concerned In it; and the
wholesome ambition to opcupy a respectably
rank atnoug the folicittiks of the day,,aid
Ed
win for himself the greater pecuniary betiefit
accruing from acknowledged merit, begins to
possess the heart of every teacher worthy of
the name.
That competency displayed in the work
actually,perforated, should indicate the mea
sure of remuneration due to the Teacher, all
y ill, or should concede; and such, we may be
assured, will be the standard of..estimating
the teachers' services, as 'soon as the judg
ment of parents and statesman is made to
appreciate the labor aright. Teachers' Insti
tutes, duly organized and efficiently con& ,t
-ek will furnish the speediest method o
gaging and informing the minds of our ci'
zens at large with reference to this subject,
and-the day is not far distant when the pa
rent and citizen'v. ill vie with the professional
educator in carrying forward the work with
earnestness and commendable success,—and
when an interest hitherto unknown to the
former class-of society,yrill evince itself in
an eagerness to serve th 9 cause, equaling, if
not excelling in its intensity, the profound
that has so long characterized _ the
same class.
COUNTY SUPERINTENDENCC—ATIOther im
portant measure, flowing from the influence
of the Association here represented, was the
establishment of the County Superintendent
ties. One of the advantages to be derived
;-,Tirn this office, is the careful selection of
and proper personr to fill the position
Tof Teacher. The requirements of this office
involve the subjecting of the applicant for
the Teacher's position and diploma to ther-,
vere, thorough, candid scrutiny of an officer
who is responsible to the head of our State
Department, for the faithfulness and impar
tiality of his decisions and to the communi
ty at large for the ability with which he dis
charges his duties. It will readily be per
ceived that this procedure must cause a mul
titude of those who occupied the position
and enjoyed the emoluments of the Teacher,
but who possess neither the talents nor the
cultivation requisite for the proper discharge
of the duties assumed, to abandon the field
and its labors.
The certificate of the Superintendent can
in no wise confer the requisite qualifications
for the position; and whep indifferently, ig
norantly, or dishonestly granted to, an appii•
cant, must,•through the association, or corn
mingling of teachers, speedily , work the
double cure of exposing the fraud on the
part of the Teacher, and publishink to the
community the worthlessness of that Super
intendent's endorsement,
Those unqualified by natural or education.
al defiCiency, have already found more con
genial spheres of labor. Such, in brief, has
been the effect of the Cbunty Superintend
ent's official interference in behalf of the iri
terest of education, and the reputation of our
worthy and capable Teachers. Our schools
have already been purged of a great number
of worthless incumbents, viho have, for much
ti.o long a time, exerted a deleterious influ
ence upon them, and, their vacated positions
are being filled with fully develOped ' men
and women.
Moreover,—under the careful supervision
or the County Superintendent, in the faithful
discharge of his duties, the real condition of
each particular schotil and district, is known
to him, and through him made known to the
State Superintendent; the head of the Educa
tional Department in our State ;_ and thus,
we trust. a deeper interest in our schools will
be awakened in the minds of governing au
thorities. In this arrangement we approach
very nearly to the arm of power, whose
movements on behalf of universal education
and the means to be provided for securing it,
we wouldbe happy to guide a little.
_ When our Legislators and others in author.'
%icy appreciate the facts connected with. this
•übject,—when it is felt that the obligation
taken by diem to seek the best interest of
our fellow citizen cannot be discharged
without taking into ,View the• wants of the
children of the State, then, indeed, we will
hate made that adviincemcnt that befits us,
,is a christian commhnity. We hold it to he
a part of every teacher's duty, to labor for
this end, and so to 4ispel the mists that be
fog the minds -of oM. greater officials and
dignitaries, that they will recognize in the
advancement of thj interests of universal
education in our State, one of the first du=
ties of the statesman and patriot.
SEPARATION OF THE SCHOOL . FROM ma
?TATS DEPARII.IIINT.--A third object content
2:ited in the organiZation of this Association,
And one which we aie happy to know has
hem realized, wasthe entire separation of
the department of Public Instruction from
the department of State. 10
I,lniversal education, abstractly considered,
has always been a popular , idea in this coun
try ; but in its claitcis upon the Executive
interposition and Legislative aid, it has shar- 1
ed, in this State, thi same experience that
. it 1
has met in other States, and been compelfed
to accept too small a portion of government,
al patronage. When compared .in respect to
importance to - the general welfare of the
State with other pip)lic interests, some of
which have drawn largely upon tFe public 1
treasury, and enjoydd the ) earnest, efforts ,of i
our statesmen in thitir hehalf, the cause of
education may be said to have been sadly
overlooked, and our present claims are in
just so much strengthened by that fact. It
does not appear to have .10y entered into
the minds of our publie men, that educatio ,
to be of practical ativantage to a nation br a
State, must be unitrat.
Literature and learning have had their pa
trons in all ages; bhtduring all their hixto-,
ry, down to within two centuries; they were
confined to, an isolated few,.—distinct, and
separate from the aristocratic circles of the
governing class, and; also, from the depend
ent masses. It is not difficult to 'perceive
that while education • sustained such relation ;
to the world. it urea powerless to produce_
any grand effect upOn the . character, of Na
tions. It is only when it bet omes national-
iced,—when it holdi its pro r rank - among,
,
the public - .concerns of State that, its power
to elevate a people is felt. ,ortunately for.
the Common Schools , of, Peniutylireiiii, those
who have stood at the eat of the depart
anent for a few yeatis past, havabeen friends
to the. cause of popular education, and /tiler
as consistent with other public dutlea ' Of an
engrossing character, it has enjoyed their
best services. It is due to the -honorable
gentlemen, with whose sulmlnistration it has
been my good lorttine -to - ba somewhat fa
miliar,—the HMI. C. A. Black, Secretary -of
State, and hi' able';deputy, H. L. Dian
!
baugh,•as well as their, worthy I,nceessorsi
the nom A. q. Otrtin c and Ilic,..ffickok,-,,-
• the la'st named of whom is WA AMU able
'1
H. H. FRAZIEL, Z3EirISHER--VOIJ. 4. -- N O. 85.
- =
State Superinteedent,—to say that they . have
ably evinced, their appreciation of the int;
pbrtance of this department of public •wel
f•►re, But we have held, and do still hold,
that the education of the. children. of the
State has not occitpiedatt place in the or
ganization of our State government to which
its importance entitles it, and, that its inter
ests can never be duly fostered, until nude
entirely independent of every other public
interest, and it has for its management, the
unincumbere,d4alenta..and energies of such'of
.nr ablest statesmen and educators as, in the
:judgment of the appointing power, will best
serve the
. ,
Who, we would inquire, are
,they for -whom
we urge these claims? They are, we reply,
the future officers and citizens of a Common-
Wealth second in' population and, influence in
the Confederation that makes this mighty
nation. If true. citizenship is a character to
be acquired, what question,of interest so im
portant to our State, to-day, as that of the'
Education bf our Successors ? Those' who
have duly considered this matter will prompt
ly concede the claim, that there is no other
subject possessing one half the public import
ance to the State that this - does.
No . RMAL SCIfoOLS.—The last and crowning
object of the Association was to secure the
establishment of one or more Normal Schools
by the agency of which the leachers of our
schools might pursue a course of study and
'instruction with direct reference to their pro
fessional duties, or in other words, where
they might enjoy the teaching and practical
illustration of the art of- teaching according
to the methods adopted in the best appoint
ed schools of Europe and America, together
• with practice in properly organized and well
conducted Model Schools. _ We do not hesi
tate to say every system. Of instruction is in
• complete that does not embrace an institution
designed-for rind adapted to teaching the art
of teaching ; and whatever may be the pro
, vision of private institutions for supplying
the deficiency, the public schools of our State
will fail to receive the advantages from .this
source that their interest demands, and the
whole department languish and suffer depress
ion as a consequence. It is positively un
worthy of as populous State like our
\ own, the
second in rink in the Union in point of pop.-
ulation amtepolitical influence, to attempt to
conduct the stupendous work - of educatifig
her thousands of sons and daughters without •
the aid of. the best agencies that the hblest
of her educators can devise. , g
Institutions of the - character - .of those wo
propose-are by no means numerous. Indeed
the cost of buildings, apparatus, - and- other,
requisites, is so great - that•none are likely to
be had without the fiber* aid Of the , govern
ment. The law recently passed by our Leg
islature, with reference to this Matter, tper
mits the establishment in our State of twelve
inAtut ions to be devoted •to the. purpdse we
n e; but in the lisence of a direct appro
priation fur the erection of the necessary
buildings and the support of a proper faculty
to conduct their operations, is e fear-that the
, benefits contemplated will ong be delayed,
and that the statute, therefore, will prove to
be inadequate to our case. We tilink,more
over, that fewer than twelve would ; answer
our present necessities, and that less -than
half that number of well appointed Normal
Schools would be found quite sufficient to ac
commodate all that would be in a sitiration
,to avail themselves of their advantages. It
is in no invidious spirit that we, remark that
something more than a Name, - is necessary
to constitute u proper Normal School:
It is to be regarded iss a symptom favora
ble to the cause of education, that in many
of our Academies and Select Schools there
are to be found-departments for Normal in
struction. They afford a slight approxima
tion to the Agency for which we ptend, and
furnish the-strongest argument possible fur
the absolute necessity of the course of, pro
• fessional study we suggest, for: those who de
sign to teach. But none of these proceed
upon the plan which a logical view of the
subject suggests. A Normal School is - an
institution in which the Teacher•student is
made to:reView the elementary branches of
study and to prosecute the more .advanced •
branches, in precisely that order and accord•
ing to that method-which-is to be emplOyed
in teaching in the common school, and which
is deemed to be in harmony with the natural
expansion and development of the intellect ;
_and in the prosecution of this course .to be
enabled, also, to see and. appreciate the true
and perfect relation which each advance step
in the course bears to that which precedes it.
So that not only • the order -of studies and
method ef presenting them may be learned,
but- also, the principles upon which that or
der is established, and the propricly of the
method whiCh is proposed for their adoption.
As we have frequently taken the liberty.
to say, soatow we . .affirrn,- that Teaching is.
not only a grave and , responsible work, but
one which can be performed properly, only
in obedience to the established laws of mind,
and heart. The theory of teaching will nev
er.be the same in the minds - of different indi
viduals.: No specific, rule can be giveh for
all the operations of the school-room in de
tail ;
but claimiag - fOr this work that it is a
profound, science, we say that the principles
which underlie all'- le varying operations of
the teacher's dirk are immutably the same-
The mind in the process of developoient re.
ize:s at least, three distinct mental' condi
tio —namely : the ;preceptive; the: concep
ii -and the reasoning,- and any. method
whifails to kegs the Operations of the
school within the limits proposed, by these
natural. yrogressive condition., involires a
pcisitive Absurdity ; for the latter - condition;
though generally temoved fiinn the 4Ortner
by the interval of years between infancy-and
early yoiltkonly„is-neeertheless subject. to'
all the vircipastances attending themoral and
intelleCtual peculiarities of ancestry, as welt.
- as those of birth or condition in life. and rank
in society, by the effects of Which that remove
is extremely limited in one case, and largely
'extended in another: - The - proper character
'of teaching, under oneol.thele conditions,. is
as ill adaptelto. the necessities- of the pupil
under anotherous soling meat is to the ; Ow
.dition of Minch or diluted milk . to, the fon,'
:nation of bone and muscle
r .for the arm of
the laboringtnan. • . , ~ ,
: -
The equipment of'the NormatSchool la a
limner orno little impedance s and is worthy.
of eareful-conisideration4 . :Our only- Motive:
for speaking varticularly °a this point; it the
hope that through --the agency : of the senti
mente:tbat will emanate-from= this Asioeia.
tlon, the community . at large - -will be .influ
eiNell to. sicalt .and, act etrinkatly and, in - ea!
right 4111'6:Aida in behalf of this - iCern- 'of our
First °fall, there will b . e
reqnripa a Welt-trained„and thoriiughly'cOm
petent 'Faculty, to be chosen from these
scholars best acquainted with the principles
of mental and moral science, and practically
familiar with the-condition, wants and pro- '
cesses of the mind in'the various stages of its
- ,
development. Next will be needed the proti
er scientific apparatus indispensably necessa
ry to 'present to the 4anses, ins more impres
sive manner than can be accomplished , by
means of lecturing, the important truths of
,
science.• ""it
The importance of this object, alone, its °
ficient, we apprehend, to enlist the: best en
deavorg of all the friends of education 'to la.
bor fir its Poiseasion; and we think it, safe
to predicate of the advancement-we have al- •
ready made, that we will, ere long, so gair.
tWear and the convictions of the community .
in Out-favor, that .thedseeded appropriation
will be made.; and an Institution, worthy of
the name of a Normal School and of the
State under whose auspices its walls are rear- •
ed, will grace the Public School department
of the State of Pennsylvania. But let- it
never for a moment be forgotten, , that 'Until
[his hope is realized, we must piirsue our
work under the most serious disadvantagei;
and let the fact of our unttsppy destitution be ,
continually urged upon the attention 'of our
Legislators, as well as, those whose suffrage ,
they crave end enjoy,—bearing in mind ;this
eneouruging reflection, that with no more
than one or two Institutions, suet as we de- .
sire, the character of the rulers of the next
generation will be such as to require but lit
tle urging, we think, to secure all that may
be desired' for the Common School depart
ment. •
MORAL Tneaxeco.—ln closing' tins` •
discus
sion, we deem,it proper to refer to that
branch of Common School, as well as Nor
mal School Instruction, to which all other -
brunches are suboraihate ; namely, the culti
vation of the stela?, or the inculcation of
sound principles—uncompromising morals. -
We believe it to be a great defect ed
ucation, whether at home, or at the School!,
that the rri•oraf aspect of all the employments
of life. isi too little considered. Regarding
that charity, (spoken of by the Greats, Apos
tle, of which it is said that all the gifts that
may be enjoyed by mankind are vain substi
tutes,) as a synonym for that supreme love
fur, and obedience to the - truth, which ought
to form the chief staple of man's character,
we unhesitatingly place the development of
the moral quality of the nature of pupils, eas -
the first object of edneation. When TRUTH,
of whatever character, =or rather pertaining
to whatever subject, comes to be regarded as .
'a kacred idea, and the pupil, even in the as
certainment of scientific (Nth, is made' to
feel that he is brought id-contact with sacred
elements,—then, whatever of'- progress , he
may make in the acquisition. of .knowledge,
each addition tolhis fund of intelligence will
also prove a step upward in the scale of mor
al existence. It IS a self-evident truth, that
the development et the powers of the rmind,
cannot be fully, nor partially secured with
out direct reference to those moral aspects.
of thought, which must influence its action to -
a greater or less degree, , although the influ-
ence referred to may not be fully recognized.•
We think it needful that this feature of the
t6acher's duty should be morn generally rec•
ognized and insisted on, as_ a positive • requi-.
site in the process of teaching. The general
fact of man's moral accountability , is admit
ted, and thO duty of self-government is the
inference draWrotn it.
The view we fitke of the subject, is a mach
higher, deeper, and broader one. Facts are
but half appreciated,—knowledge is but half
coneei - ved, 7 -and trath itself, is but partial
and incomplete, unless they enforce upon the
consciousness of the learner, the rotation they
_sustain to the moral condition and prospects
of mankind.
In the cultivation of the •Intellent, merely,
the teacher and the parent may be said to'
perform the duties of that office; .but in the
d9velepment of the moral character, every
member of the community performs a =part
of the work, or contributes a, certain quota to,
the sum of infinences -that makes the., moral
character of our citizens. „ The ministers of,
the Gospel ate in a greater degree responsi
ble for the moral character, and consequent
ly the usefulness of the rising...geveretion
around .us, than any others, excepting parents,
and Teachers. It is truly due ~to 'this_ class
of our citizens, tn, admit that they do not,
generally laelt in a. sincere solicitude for .the .
proper training of youth; especialli in moor-.
als; but we hold that the clergy bays never
yet appreciated the value or the Co;nmon
,Schools as the source of character.to the
young, else had they enjoyed more of their •
sympathy and aid. The common sebools of
our eountry„wo.uld long since have ocenpied,
a higher place in the, estimation of parents, .
and. communities at, large,' had their relation
to the moral character of the.world beer., ap
predated, and the persuasive , voice of the,
preacher been more frequently .
heard - in . ad
vocating -more liberal provision, through
them
' for the education of the young.
The religion of the Bible • appeallf.to eon.
victed judgments. Its claims are not unap.,
.preciable by the unlearned, nor are its
,oan.
quests confined , to the, ranks of the
but the devout aspirationa of, a:pious :,heart
are never checked by the clearer perceptions.
of a cultivated mind ; nor.,are the purpoes
of life rendered less noble and h'ealthful to
society,--the reciprocal duties of fellow mor.
.tals less readily perceived, nor.less faithfully
discharged by those whose mindsare raised
above the mists of prejudice, envy,'superati7
tion, and ignorance... On
,the contrary, it
.may. safely ,Lei kaid,Ahat, pretiepte, ;whets ,
dreasetl to an intelligent mind, are there glint.
to command prompt 'assent, and the moral .
'claims of a common -brotherhood ara,,most,,
ilikely to , be alloWed, by . , those who can: most,
Clearly discern their Common relation to the"
Fatlier.of all: „Could we bit imbue the ac
quisition of true knowledge- with the sena
mint, no less true than mathematical's - 46ms,' ,
that in proportion u truth gaini aseer.dency
.over error c andthe mind-yields tOlteconcla..
,sions„ itt so much Only; do-we make:advance. -
ment-a-insincerity would lose iti hold up*
mankind, :and the' fraud and tnikhidnesses
that mar the peace and beset the enterprises
of life would be - abhdrred, and :mankind
would strive after universal exaltation..
ln_the-homage paid to truth,...God
receive the adoration - due his , character
attributes, and mankind exchange the , kindly.
ministry of good will to men ; -and ,thus,Altel
law of love-would be fulfilled.. •- ,
Tha . itioepslnOubit 6 'sloe laior
of universal educittqin,'the 'in•