.
•—..--- . • .
reasens of his ,
t - tudtict„ (whieh could
_only , he
sletiv4 froin liiiitself„) roily_ be considered an
'. autobiography 4 NOW, here, he decla*es . : '
"in the Pridential election : : of Nevetn
ber; 1856,- Col l Benton supported
.gr. Bo
el
chinan inoppti itionto his own\ so - loin-law,
• Col,,Fremont..] The reason assigned by. him
was a Cafitl ••• that Mr. Buchanan,if• elect-.
ed, WOuki testi , ' re , the - principles of the :Jack
son.. Administ . Lion, and the_ - apprehension
that the su •• of Col.. Fre tont. would en
gender seer„iint. I parties (am "to- the ,peraux,
noses ofilie(Taloa..., He so after saw,. oc
casion to elin,roe bath. opinia , and althoryh
in retireasenc . the :seafood . " posed Ike Ad.
fainiskagi - oa 'if B-Nclepas ad iilflined to
.senile with thei)lopposiliors tat • presented ` 4.
'steY ire the' Be
,aLlicaa party" - . - . . ._, -1
Here- it - ap • ars ;that. he. abandoned Bu- 1
chrinary and h '- • use he had . I.easists to reverse i
p a
- his.opinion -bp h as to him and Col. Fremont
in regard to heir 'influence t i yuChing both
„general punch lesaitil sectional - parties. --
,The
rissons which pirated on his mind favorably -
to Col Frenicl,it 'are inanifested itt a paper in
- bis own hands ,ritlng, which he gave to . C 01..,
'
- Fremont at t eir, laSt.meeting and will do I
-him honor sh ill 4 h . ever think fit to.:- make i
it public. .. Ths ; rr . Lids upon which. he had .1
resolved to b: e ihia . :pposition to the policy i
of tbe - Adminikrktion will be found .in `the
folloWing paper, Which he sent to my son to
subniit to. tho !Repel:diem , party in Congress,
.after oelmllki the ;friends named in the mite.
'.with which It itrodins:d it :- •
. • ,
' Note a 'mod to F. P. Blair, Jr. - .., :
1
- i'lkisssiis t l think .the time has corite to
A - I ' ' the - 11 . I mentioned
get rea-y . .to. apt on • su ject•
0 you, and I • d ridraft of seven resolutions; 1
- the last taken from : Jackson ' s Bank veto mes:l
In
sage in 112.. - also a - preamble and aprovi- ;
its. - 1 would . .ish you to consult immediate-
Iv with frien --,..especiitilicliairdin and King,'
•of the Senitt p • • Yours, . • B." -• ~
ei
Resolutions, sr asalrleand, Proviso referred i
. _to ask! inclosed ta:the'flhoee.. 2 ! .
. 4
"-1. Besoli!ed, That the judicial power of,
the United Sates (loci riot ex.endito• political .I
questions; arid that all pretended ,ileeisi4nis of
such questioqs loy-the Federal Jutheiary are i
Illegal and v Idi • ' . • •. f '
• •I
Supreme" 2. Reid ed, • That. the lath deciion of the
`, , Co rtlin the case of Dred Scott . '
. against Sanf rd, so far as,the - same applies to
the act of tigress -commonly called- -- the
• Missouri CO •ipromise act, is the decision of
a politioil q stion'ttnt within the jurisdiction
. ,
of,the Court arid is illegal and void.
• '' "3. Reso , ecl, That there its nothing in
..,
,the ease•befilre'the Court to authorize • it to .
•• • _take eoguice . of the validity ' o f the llissoit,
It
-
• .- ri• tomsirou ise - act, and - the teognizance so
' taken of the acA. was extra judicial and grind
'-- ' •
itnllga 1 I:
"4.. ritesc4eeci, That the a s sumption otthe
Cigurt.to in. ke the said - decision, when the
case on-the ecoril out of which it grew was
dismissed f wally, jurisdiction, was a clear
. • arid manife stproceeding without any judicial
_
authority, a d , was illegal and . void.
"5, .Reso?..recl, That the decision of the.
• same court n the same MSC!, declaring
.the
.
-.sett•extension of the Constitution to Territo
rics.chrrying African Slavery with it, and
•• . .
- 'protecting 4 there , against the power of Con.
gress or thei.peoplesto reject. it, was' a -deei
• . sion without any . authority to make it, and
I without.ani foondation to rest upon after the
ease was dintissed fur. want of jurisdiction,
out of whit, - it greys, and - that said decision
• was obiter feta and --Without legal effect or
,
• Joffe. -, . ..1 -- • • "4- •-' •
.f, •
. . b.: .Reslleed,. That . the said decisions are
• in densimtitin of the pinvers'of • CongresS and
. ::. 4,,s - • . ,
• -restrictive of its tune-nontired right and-prac
tice tq legis'lnte fur Territories ; and heing,so
deroittorySod.. restrictive, •it becomes the
1
• dutrof Co t ,t - iris to vindicate its rights by
-
asserting authority to legislate -upon,
. •
Slavery in I "errithries, anddeelaring its total i
• ' disrfgaril oil the said, illegal, extra judicial and i
void deeisitmslafthe Supreme Court;.-which,
aecordingl ,is hereby-done: „ , '
-:. - "7: P Oleed, That Congress ttrid ; the 1
• ', Prmddent as part, of the legislative •anthori-
ly), MT. it? : "eftiatttbeir own - powers, in • pass- 1 ,
. juts or apptovili;bills, to , lie governed •by
, t
• Weir own teed.. ing of - the Constitution - and by I .
their-Own Oaths and consciences, and that - the
` - ._Supreme Court has DO more power to con
trot thenill.than they have , to •-eqn . trol the 1
. Court, 'being' bah - co-ordinate branWies of the
seine GO4rnment, and independent of each
other within -their constitunonal . .sphete."
' 1
This p
,I inble was intended by Col. lien-
. ton to bd • nnented with the act for, the or;
• ganization of Arizona-- - sthe proviso to follow:1
" . s • The tract of country snpris- I
•-• ed Within the. limits - of the proposed rr l to- I
- ry- , ot-Arieorta was . acquired front the Repub. i
lie of.Meico, and was at the time of the ac
, 'quisition, I
and by virtue of the laws and Con
- stitotion f said ',Republic, free from African ,
Slavery, ind • still. remains so free, no such I i •
Slavery baying :been ,i..intze established there i
. 'by afty p rilpetent .nut unity • aad.Whereas, 1
* .i
tbe rue - Gnat of the United States, ata
. • late terri thereof, in a casein which a cer--
tain'Dre Scott and his family, of African
• descent,
.cre.suing for freedom, decided Mit,
•• the Cons ti tution of the United States, of it
self,and by _its own proper vigor, extended
to all the. Territories of the United States as.
soon asroiresi,.atrrying the institution of
~• African . !every. along with it, and . protecting . l
it therei , witharit my power in Congress r or i
.- of the
. ple of the T
' irritory, - to repel or . re- I
4 ,
jeei it ; nd whereas, the said .decision of the 1,
Suprem,Court Was .made, m a ease which.l
',presented -nothing to warrant any such judi
ci.slactims thereon, and which caseltad.:heen
•diarnissed , by the Court for want . - of jurisdic- 4 ,
lionoin iheiefore the decisietn was extra jti, 4 ,
~. dicial,' dof no legal force, or ~virtne ; and I
4
.: whereas ;the said decision was made on a I
pediticall question annolling . a Etoliti‘sl enact- 1
anent, - - which the Conk.- could take no cog-
. , • -
- mizattee, and was unduly got 'bold of and
o
- •wrongfollyodecided, and contrary to the uni
'-, form selion of all authorities (legislative, _pi-.
ecutivef nd judicial,"Surte arnisFerieral) frinn
• the begot' ning of the., Government , and' was
.equival.nt to inserting ii
, new: and strange, I
. -- s
Constitution,
at war with its ten
or,
f
. • or, ter
.1 and praitice,!and is therefore- null
• and - voi ; and being so null and . Void, . the
Congi of the . United States duth. hereby
declare' he satrie, and maltd'it•ktiowil in. this,
• preamb e; that the said •Tervi .. .orial Govern
. merit . Arizona is established subject to the
- declare i I
/.
on'. hereby made; Provided,. that 1
nothin contained in this ea, or in the. late 1
declaim? of the Supreme . Court in the Dred
- Seottette,..shall.be held to authorize African-)
- Slivery. in the said Territory, but: that Slav- -
ery reMainar abolished and:prohibited therein,,
as at the lithe of its acquisition from the Re
public f Mexico." ,- ' • .
The i ebate-on these pfopositions became
• blend with the discussion on the Lecump
ton Co, stitutittnintd•sopersetled them. • • -
• . Fro, the above, it will be seen that as
Mr. a eluinanin his inaugural address'allud
- ed - to, d.foreshadowed the opinion of theSto
-r!Court as that on which. he would • rest
ispo ley- on the great 'question •of the day,
so Coif .Bootoil proposed '0 base the R.epub
-Siam opposition to the Administration on the.
overthrow of this judicial 'and exechtive usur
pation! - The resolutions -.toint out the action
necessary to resell_ .that eial--the 7th.pacticu.
larJy rsslying Opoti - the doctrine asserted . by
. Gen - -Zsekson and copying his ..words . ',The
- prbvii3O esitlx;ilies_ an: interdict repelling the
assn*ed authority -oldie Court to introduce
Sfavetly into the - Territorie4 by . construction
El
'and with Out pesitiVe .warrant of law. This
at once made a severance .wide and deep be- ,
ttkeen Col. Denton and art Adalitettration
I which had declared by its chief that Slavery
existeOlif the Territories iu virtue of the fia!,•
of the SUpretue 'Court as absolutely as in
Peorgia.-
;That 'Cot: Beition considered thai the po
'shine asianited•by Mr. Buchanan ian - his• ad ,
vent t u .power Was but .a
,recurrence to the
original Federal partnership he avowed until
1 .
.came ik) n the support 'of General Jackson,
•
may be inferred. from the • fitet that/ he gave
t
tw.delivei to my-son, and.to •be used in
I - his canvass' in Missouri,the following extracts
fronl a spi.ech of Mr.' Buchanan, with this in ,
dorsement (Col. Benton's,
• 1 mg :
i• " Bach:hi:as anti-Democratic speech
!..I..aneaster—atter the War of 181 V
The extracts upon which this indorsement
was made, clipped - by .coi.-fienton
. frrint The
t`oheressional globe, where they were. em
biidied in the.iPeech of a Mr. Culver of New
York, and Indorsed kr CoUlenton as above,
'arc ai.f..itows:
."Time will not allow ine . to enumerate all -
the lead and toicked_proj;cts a the Democrat
ic drilinist rot ion. * * • * 'They
rashly plunged us i4to a war with a nation
'more able to do us . injury than, any other na
tion in the world. * * • •It [the
war of 1812] took its rise from an oyerwhelm-1
pcirtillity which (he Demottatic , party
have ultimately shown fir France.
"Immediately before the war, THIS v.pn- -
EIGN INFLUENCE had 'completely embodied it
self with every political feeling of a incijority
!of the people, PAIITICRLARLT IN THE WEST.
ITS VOCE-WAS HEAD SO LOUD AT ,THE SEAT
OF GOVERNMENT, that the President teas oblige.
ed to' yield b its dictates, or to retire from
office. The dui& in this.alternative was ea
sily inade.by a man (Madison)'wno Parsitt
nEn. Ills PRIVATE INTEREST TO THE.-PUBLIC
u
GOOD.. Wve iere, therefore; hurried into a.
war. u nprepared."
' The very capitol - tif the United States—
the lofty lemp l ii * of liberty witieh_was reared
and eon •ecrtited by Waslungtßn—bas: been
abandoned to,its fate
, by hiss degenerate sue
; cessgr„(Mat)iion) who ought to have shed his
last drop of blood in its defense. "
"-.Thanks to Heaven that we have ()Wiled
Lpeace, bad it'd disgrac-ful as it is ; otherwise,
the beautiful structure attic Federal Govern:
I •
ment, SUPPORTED BY TUE SAME FEEBLE GAEDS,
I might have, sunk, like the Capitol, into ru
ms.
'
." This has' been called a glorious war.—
Glorious it has been, in the highest sense, to
the Ainerican - characeer but disgracejnl in the
extrewe to the .Administration."
"But do the Administration, who involved
us in the late viineeeis'ary war, derive any
ctedit from their exertions? Certainly, not.
They were the spontaneous efforts of the
country, undirected by the Government."
These proofs with Col. Benton's sign man
cal imprc:sed on them, will convince the pub- .
lie thaViis relations v ith the President and
with his Administration were not quite so
cordial - as Mes:irs.-Jones and Hall would have
inferred. With regard to the report tdade
-in the Tribune; on thetauthority of my state
ment of What had passed between Col. Ben-r
ton and myself respecting Mr: Clay and the
Nullifiers, I am perfectly williniz to leave it
to be judged by the public, with the added
circumstances mow given in this paper.-=.,
There ire many members of Congress v horn
I
I could .bring-to vouch that Col. Benton ex.
pressed!tO them sentiments similar to those
!liven assexpressed to me; which Mr. Jones
resents as implying- an "invidious sectional,
Al
I distinction," and contradicts. I believe th _
Col. Benton has not an intimate acquaintance
kit in the world who does not know that he
denounced constantly for the last quartes'of
a century the Nullifying party in the South,
so long marked by an "invidious sectional
di,tinctien." But I will call nobody to vouch
my statement, because I thinkmy word , sufft- '
cient to stand otaainst Mr. Jones's defiant
o.
contradiction. It would. not 'have required
notice-at all but for the comment of the Gov
ernment press, which in effect made it a card
played by the Administration. ° This must
• be my apology for the minute review 'given
of the final attitude taken by Col. Benton to-
ward the Executive whom he contributed to
elevate 1 . 9 power, and who-now seeks to make
the - political influence of the deceased states
-1 man an inheritancP - . F. P. Biala..
Silver Spring, May 20, IS"
r'rr• Says Senator Toombs in a late
speech.: • .
• "We speak of the corruptions of. Mexico,
of Spain, of France, and of other Govern
merits, with a great deal .of truth, according
to all-accounts - 4 1;iut from - my experience and
,:obNervations; which ' have been somewhat ex
tensive, Ido not believe to-day there is as
con:omit G : Overnment tinder the heakns as
that of theiJnited.States. . 7
"Mr. liale. 7 ---Nor "either.
"Several other Senators—l agree to that.
"Mr. ToOnibs , -=And most Of all its cor
ruption is in the Legislative department."
The Courier and 'Enquirer thus truthfullyi
comments on this humiliating admission :- :
" When a declaration of this kind is fteely
made 'in our public halls by 'a public man
'who has tht best means of judging, and
meets the assent . olothes public men of all
parties, it is indeed, time to consider... There
is no doubt that corruption has . been from
year:to 'year growing at Washington-; and
that the virus has extended more or less to
all of the public bodies of the country. The
developments. which have recently been made
1 in Wiscainsin in connection with the apporL•
tionment of the. railroad grants, revealed an.
i amount ofvenality in every department' of
I L
toe government of that State, executive, leg 7
i• -
! islative. and judicial., which is almost incrvil
-121
e. Unleis this couwe of things is arrestett,
ri r free ,inst Rut ions -z-itust ' inevitabfy perish.
lontesilkiieu said that NChen a free people
becomeslmoresorrupt than
. its government,
its freeifoin soon terminates. That is
true, but a corrupt government, if unchecked,
is sure to beget and nourish corruption
- ariiiing, the people. The . cultivation of tbit
high spirit which disdains to accept a bribe,
and Itiks with scorn upon all who accept,
bribes, is indispensable to the maintenance
of freedom. -Whatever vittuouS public opin
ion' there is in-the land must naanifiist - itself
against the corruption that has been worlting
lts,deadly way 'through the. high places of the
I land; so that now the word goes\forth:qhat
2_ • most corrupt
,
we are te corrupt Glovernthent .under
I the heavens. The avowal ought to crimson
litre face'of every Ameriian with shame."
,TEE''SUPRIME - JIIDGASHIP.—The signs of
the times point• to the inevitable defeat of
Willbirn.A. Porter, as 'a candidate lor the
Supreme Bench. It only rests with the' Op.
position to .plice in nomination a person of
the highest character and qualifications, to
elect him by an .) , overwhelming -majority.—
This is Acknowledged by the Dstnocrats
themselves. " A . correspondent of the Press,
who has been over the Western part of the
State. ;writes : -
- ,
"The signs everywhere in the_ west indi
cate that if Hon. Win. A. Porter is opposed
by a lawyer of good reputation; and running
upon principles antagonistic to the anti-Dem
ocratic platform laid down by the late "liar
lrisbuvr, Convention; he will be beaten out' of
sight this fall; - and his chances of political res.
ikrrection will be delayed to the time
pointed for Gabriel to blow his horn!" • '
. -- f L - 1
1 1
C. F. READ & 11. 11. FRAZI;ER:EDITORS.
-1 ' 6
F: E. LOOM R I
IS A . CO :ESPON ING EDITOR,
i l
_:...-_
/116-oeoeo ci
SIISQ.'
, moNTß'ost
•
Thursdayj.' ? ffune 3
STATE C9oNyEig
The Citizens of Philadelphia and
counties of the ComiuMwealth
compton Swindle," and ;the defTo
-National Administration in forcing , .
ofjansas a constitution in defianc ti l
w Phes,.and in subrers on of the
government, and in favor of a So
icy in opposition to th•policy and
cign governments, are ',requested '
equal in number to thclir Represen
tors, in the State Legislature, to m
at Harrisburg; in the Hall of the H
tatives, on THURSDAY, THE 8T
A. D., 1858, at 2 o'clok, p. m., t
-Officers, and transact uch other
gencies may
By order of the Stag Committee
• • REMUEL TO
Attest :—Enwzint 11cPiimisb.
Dr In our issue of May 20th, e presented some
thoughts ind suggestiimS on_ thee, resent aspect o
national politics as regards. the (pi tion of Slavery in
the Territories. That article was;, ot.puLforth ask x-
pressing any matured and settled
part, nor-as recommet ding'any
for:the future; its object was rat
cs
tion to the subject, . :o l d to provok ,
our Ilpublican cotem ontriel. I
no attempt to refute i reasonio n
foie proceed ourselv to ettgiiire
culmination of the srect may n
conclusions. •
. .
-The argument therC presentC(l ,
this : ' The Supreme Clourt of the
decided that Slavery zi=ts in all
force of the Constitu ion of the I
Court being the high st Judicial al; its decis
imtis,binding on-the Executive, : legislative Cow-.
er, and tIA people, a d therefore!' lavery now has a
legal existence in all ur.Territor .s, inextinguishable
Gy any act of the fedral govern ; ent till .that decis
ion is ‘ reversed : in .n e, unless th s people of a Terri
tory have the right 'to exclade3Clavery therefrom,
there is no possible Way of mailing it ; and all that
the friends of freed+ can now _o is to contend for
this right of the people of_the Ti
It will be observel that heWtl
whole argument, nattily, that tin
rendered a binding decision on
I; 'Stoned to be true. ut is it so p. better established th n that whet
out of the record, and gives an. inion on a case not
before it, such obitei dicta, as I ey are called in le.
:gal phrase, have-um:Tali& or.bin ing force. And. the
decision of -the Supreme Court in the Died Scott
case, that theConsu i tution ming s Slavery into all our
Territories, is a mer obiter diet m, rot binding on
the Courts as a precedent, nor d any- binding force
on Congress or thepeOple. •Thili view of the matter
kris taken by Judgel McLean in delivering his dis
senting opinion at the time, and has been expressed
by some of our mdst, learned 'twists and' eminent
~,,,. i
statesmen since. In his-opinion udge McLean say 4 .:
h.... In this case a majority of e Court have ,said •
that* slave may be taken by hi nuna,, ;ion a Toni.
tory the United slates the, sale as a' horse or any
other -ind of mope -ty. . It is t ne this was said by
the Curl, as also t auy other i 4117.1 which are of
no ethority. Not ling uhich as`lern Saidby them
'chi h 'has not a dir ct bearing n the jurisdiction of
the ourt,ayaintlt 'hidg they .cidcd, On be eon
fiderettas autiturl I shall e rtainly not regard .it
!as such , The one. ion of juris iction, being before
the Court, was dec ed by the authoritatively, but
nothing beyond 11 t question."
. Judge McLean u derstood tll
ern judicial decisio s well enqu
uncalled-for assertion of the r
that slaves can lawfully be heir
was of no bindingituthoritias
and, understandin;Also no dor
ere h i
was tnterpolted and pro
purroses, he thus nipliaticallYl
nies its binding fore. .'
The late Thoqtai B. Benton.
opinion. His lanreage 4
is—
" That the decision of the . ourt in the case of
Dre'd Scott against Sanford, d bring /he self-exten•
sion of the Constitution to T s tories carrying Afri
can Slavery with ft. and prote ing it there against
the power of Congress or the eoplc to reject it, was
a decision withoutany auth ity to make it, and
without any case fefore'the urt requiring a detis
;
mn,. and without'apy foundati to rest upon after
the case was dismist4l for .w it of jurisdiction , out
of which it grew;] and that d decision was :biter
dicta and withoutllegal effect r force."
Thomas JefferSon?s
. opinio s have great weight
with the American people, An it must be admitted
that he was a red - far-seeing nti sagacious . states
man, as well as a learned juris . An a letter to Judge
Johnson, dated Monticello, Julie 12, 1823, Mr. Jeff-
erson says
g.
" The prictice k Judge . slirsball of traveling out
of the case to prescribe what the law would be in a
moot case not be are theCou 1, is very irregular,and
very censurable. a'* * The Court deter
mined at once - that, being. n riginal process, they
t
hail no cognizen of it;. and therefore, the ques
tion before them as ended., But the Chief Justice
went en to lay d wn , 'what t e law would be, had
they jurisdiction f the 'ease, lamely, that they shed
I
command the delivery. The object clearly was to in
struct' any other 'Court, havi jurisdiction, what they
should do, if M-bury. shoal apply to them. lie
sides the impropriety of this Aterference, could ae
thing exceed thd perversion f law ?"
_ •
We have refer i red to these sigh authorities to show
that the Dred Seott decision, o far, as, it relates Ao
the existenceof Slavery in t Tocritories, Is extra
judicial, illegal, and void its . precedent in Colas of
law; we now giffurther an aver4hat if it had been'
an actual decisi9n of a case ii efore the Court, Con
gress would still not have b n boiled by it. To af
firm otherwise i.j to.affirm t t the Supreme power
in this country k vested, no in the people, but in a
body. of Dictators holding th "r offices for life, name
ly; the Judges of the Supre 9 Court of the United
States—a doctrine abhorred to every principle of a
free Republican; governtnen ; •
We cannot dq better tha to quote again fi om Jeff
ii
email, on this !Tnt In a I tter to Mr. Jarvis, dated
September 28, 1820, lifr.,Je erson says:
"You seem to consider te judges as the ultimate I
arbiters of all cpCstitutional questions—a veedan
serous doctrine, indeed, and one which won, place 1
i
us under the despotism•pr a oligarchy. Our judg
es are as honest. as other'm n, and •not more so.—
They have; with ether!, the same passions for party,
for power, and the privilegi n of their corps. Their
maxim is " ilionifiviu-ts' est I pliarejurisdietionem,"
and their powei the More dangerous as they are in
office for life, and not responsible, as the other func
tionaries are, tq the eleetivej control. The Constitu
tion has erected no snob single tribunal, knoaing
that, to whatder hands 'confided, with the corrup
tions of tjme and party, its members would become
. despots. It has •more-ivilell• made all the depart
; ments co-equali and co-tovertigi within themselves."
; ,, I
And again,qn a letter to . udge Roane:
"It should Tia eemembery
'whatever
as an axiom of eter
nal truth in p tics, that nower in any Gov
ernment is ind pendent,-is jabtolute also ;in theory
I
only.atfirst, wile the spirit of the people is up, but
in practice as fast as that relaxes. Inependenee,
din be trnsted l noaliere bd , with the people in mass.
They are inherently indep mdent of all but moral
law. My conatrectiony'of he Constitution is very
diffe:rent from plat you. qv .. If is, that each de
partment is truly indken nt of the others, and has
an equal rightlto decAe.fo itself what is the mean
ing of the Coastitatioti in e cases submitted to its
_action, and esnecialltit.he it is to act ultimately .
aid itithout appeal.. fwi captain myself by exam
' '..'li
MI
'plea, which, having occurred whfiel was' in office,
'are better known to me, and• the principles which,
governed therm"
This doctrine of the independence of the co-ordin
ate branches of government. it will be remembered,,
was held to and ptacticed by General Jackson during
his Presidency ; and_ It was recently reaffirmed by
that incorrnptible•old Roman whose death'the coun
try has been so lately called to motivri--Tbomies
Benton. This very Dred Scott decision,- whereby
the Judges undertake todeditle.areatimfitical ques
tion, shorts the danger that would result* fromS4re'
adoption of the other-doctrine of tjudicialinfidlibility
and supremacy, abd evinces in a striking manner the
almost prophetic political sagacity of 'Nle. detTerson. I
The fait is, WlOl never anaiel, to acknowledge I
the validity of the Ned Scott ddcision, and its bind
ing
force upon CongOess and the country, and under=
take to fight the enemy under that disadvantage.
We might as well yield at once, and surrender the,
whole country, States as well as Territories, to Slav
ery.' Indeed; admitting the validity of that decision,
we, can, hardly see that there is anything left to fight
about.' Ills not the question of the right of the peo
ple of the Territories to exclude Slavery been already
decided in the negative? If the Constitution carries
Slavery into the Territories; will it not also maintain
it there, at least dining their Territorial existence?
But even if the Deed Scott decision does. not go to
that extent; but only prohibits Congress from med
dling with the question of Slavery in the Territories,
how easy it would be to get another decision of the
Supreme Court against the right of the' people to
legislate tt, out. And this being the highest judicial
tribunal, we must submit! The doctrine is already
promulgated by 40171 C of the Southern, Democracy
that no State has a right to abolish Slavery, since
that " institution" is under the pyotecti on of the fed_
eral Constitution ; and a fortiori, no Territory can
have such a right; and we are well aware that South
ern doctrines readily become the doctrins of Demo
cratic administrations and Democratic Supreme
Courts. Let this become recognized Democratic
doctrine, and we should have decisions of the Su
preme court not only that Slavery 'cannot be abol
ished in the Territories, but thafit exists in all the
States—that slaves may be held anywhere in the
Free States, by virtue cif the Constitution, the same
as any other property. And this being, the highest
iudicial rribunal, we must submit ! No matter what,
imblieqq.
CO., PA.
1838.
lON.
of the several
osed to the "Le
'is Thlicy of the
I io n the people
of their known
lent right of self
rid perican
pol
intrigues of fop.
! send Delegates,
atives and Sena
let in Convention,
use of ltepresen-
DAY OF JULY,
nominate State
'Mess as the exi-
(..'haiririam
Seery. .
onrictiont, on our
nite line of policy
r direct anon-
disenesion among
t we have seen
and there
itether a further
t lead to different
the people may say—no matter how they and Con.
gress and the Exceuttre may understand the Consti
tation—these few men sitting on the Bench of the
Supreme Conn, by giving such constructions as they
please to the Constitution, may wrest it from the
gat and beneficent purposes for Which it was from
ed—': to form a more perfect won ; establish justice,
ensure Vestic tranquillity, provide for the common
defence, promote the- general welfare, and secure the.
blek.ings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity,"—
and transform it into an instrument for the perpetua
tion and extension of Statcry and for the destruction
of the last vestige of our liberties.'
Thelight'of Congress to legislate for the Territor
ies is unquestionable, und their'duty to do it is no .
less so. But unfortunately our present Congress
and President are as much inclined to go wrong as is
the Supreme Court.
Our only remedy ihen—a remedy that will ire with
in our reach while we remain a free people—js to
change the character rif the elective - branches °tithe
government. With a Congress 'and an Executive
prepared to exercise their rights and duties with re:
gard to the Territories—the same that have been ex
ercised from the...foundation of the government till
within ai briet, period—these political d..iadilna and
usurpations of the Supreme Court would not be i vrorth
a fig. Such a government would soon rid the. Terr
itories of all the difficulties that have been brought
• upon them by a pseudo popular sovereignty. Such
a government it rests with the people to elect- To
the people, and not to half a dozen men on the Su
preme Bench, belongs the power of governing ‘ this
country . ; and on the people, if the governmo..t
goes wrong, rests the resposibilits.
mounts in brief to
'nited States has
ur Territories, by
'lilted States; that
rritorieq
e foundation of the
Supreme Court has
kiS subject, is as-
There ,- is uo rule
ever a Court travels
tgr While we are in favor of a prompt vintlica
ion of the American gag from insult by Great Brit-
sin or any qther power, we are inclined to believe
that the reports of recent outrages by British cruis
ers on American vessels are greatly exaggerated.—
At any rate, those who are loudest in condemnation
of the qffendersi, and fiercest in threatenirg_ ven
geance, arc cateful not to explain the circumstances
which have given rise to . the difficulties: It is well
known that most civilized nations consider the slave
trade as piracy, and have to treat those foUnd
engaged in it accordingly. Such is the view taken
of the mat!er by the governments of this country,
and Great Britain, and a solemn treaty exists be
tween the two countries for the suppression of that
species of piracy. But for some time this treaty has
been in a great degree practically nullified on our
part—our government,' as it has become more and
more pro-Slavery, growing more and more lax in its
exertions to suppress the oeean traffic in slates.
Our cruisers on the coast of Africa are said to have
been rather an aid than a hindrance to the traffic, by
occupying a portion of the coast . which was conse
quently left unoccupied by the British cruisers,while
OUTS made little or no effort t interfere with the
slavers. Again, most tf these 'rates sail under the
American flag. It is therefor e duty of those en
gaged ii. the supprelfaion of the slave trade to satisfy
themselves, by proper means, that those vessels ap
pearing under our flag, in the seas most frequent-,
ed by slavers, are engaged in legitimate 'com
merce. But it may be objected that it is aggravating
andinsolting to have these examinations made in the
waters of the Gulf of Mexico, which Wash our own
shores, by British cruisers. The natural response is
that we ought then to attend to the matter ourserves.
It' is well known that the slave teat? of the world is
now carried , on almost exclusively between the coast
of - Africa and the island of Cuba. The proper plac
es, then, for those who are engaged in the suppress
ion of that trade,—as we and England claim to be,-,
to look out for slavers; are in' those neighborhoods.
But our government,: being really, in its present de
generate cofiditioni-fatorable to the slave trade,since
according- to its Souttien? masters more_tlaves are
needed to extend the basis of civilization on this
continent, while pretending to keep up its treaty
stipulations against the traffic, sends very few ves
sels to the coast. of 'Africa, and none at all to the
neighborhood of Cubit, _ for its suppression. The
whole of the duty in . the vicitifty of that island there
fore devolves on the English 'emitters, and if they.
expect ever to break Up she .jade they must exam
ine carefully vessels sailing under our colors as well
as others, since slavers geneially seek protection un
der our flag. .
..
Thus much by way of explanation. We do not
seek to justify or palliate anv wrongs - done or insults
offered by British cruisers to our flag, but hope that
our government *ill do something More than mere
bluster towards the proper vindication of our nation
al honor. England long since gave up the pretended
right of search, and the American people will never
permit its resumption ; but .the right of' visitation
under proper restrictions, is necessary to the mainte
nance of the." police of the ocean"
.and should be
reciprocally acquiesced in by all, civilized nation's.—
As we have already saikwe suspect that the numer
ous outrages . alleged. to. have been committed by
British cruis ers in the Gulf ha,ve been greatly_exag
gerated by those interested' n-ear;Ting on the slave
trade ; but if not; let the British government be bro't
to Caterdaccount for the misdeeds of its servants.—
Let not a " Fifty-Four-Forty-or•Fight” excitement be
raised' throughout the country, merely - to make us
look ridiculous by a faihsequeit back-down,. as has
been previously done on more occasions than one.
l i e principles that gov-
Lh to know that the
F ,ajoritv of the Court
in all our Territoriefi,
judicial deciston
at that this doctrine
ulgated for political
repudiates it and de-
exikressed a similar
or The latest nests from Kansas indicates that
although , but a Tee light vote was polled, the Leay..!
enwgrth Free State Constitution was adopted by a
large majority—about 4000.
Vi' The Usury law passedby the Legtilature at
its lascsession, was signed by Gov,/Packer, on the
26th ult. _
„-'
tir" Capt. Cubins, of the ship Caribou,of
pool, Beg., gives an account of his having,
ruaryi•fallen in with a tltisternf islandsnotlaid
in , tbe charts, and Which lie in the direct track
England to Australia. Capt. Cubing sent a
ashore on one of these islands, and while aw
the boid's return, was astonished to tsee ves.:
_anelioi in the bay, one of which sent alisoat on
the-Caribou, and proved to be the Ainericaa -
er Oxford, of Fairhaven, the master of which
that they were Ale, as the island, which th
discovered eighlien months before, and nam.
' Kurd Island, swarmtd-with sea elephants, of
of which they had already sent to America
barrels. The island' was high, rocky, and of
is origin, and was covered with snow. By thc
bou's ebranometers, it is in latitude 53* I! is
longitude 73''1' East. The Americans told Cal
- bins that there was another island about thirt,
to the West, and another S. S. E. It is thougl
several vessels of which no tidings bave been
may have been wrecked on these islands
ar Col. Kane—brother of the late Br.
arctic celebritA—nppears to be the chief tie
betateen the people' of the United States
subjects of King Brigham of Utah. Of the
circumstances under which Col. Kane appear
gotiator, very contradictory statements are
One statemenris that he is a Mormon, and b
out to help his Mormon brethren. , This Rt.
reported by the Washington Union, but aft
as distinctly contradicted by that paper.
soma say he is a. secret agent of our gore
and - others that he is the agent or Brigham
Some call hint a tinitor, and others call Fim a
At present he appears to hare obviated the n
of using'gunpowder in bringing the polygam .
cls of Utah to reason, whatever may be
character.
Cr From Me I ink penden Wert/Main a
1858..
"our article of April 29th, stating that thei
crat editor Ve11,4 a disappointed applicant for:
Office, as originally written, simply record!
was common report here, which we had nes f
contradicted from any quarter, and Whichwl
ed to be true. • The only clause in the artie
stated that he had been as applicant for t
was this t "-His petition for an office has be
garde& and auather has got the appointmen,
ed for." When he came to us, after a par
week's issue was printed, and said that he 1
been a petitioner for the office, and requests'
the statement coriecteLl in the rest of the i,
changedhhatclause so as tosend : "Ms c:
an office,have been disregarded, Mid anoth
the appointment of Postmaster;" and on hi
request that we would publish his 'denial in
issue, we promised to do so, and we did so
From the Montrose Democrat of May . 27
We notice that the publisher of the R
in his last issue, denies that we request
withdraw ••, the columns of his. paper
meta_ tba ad been an applicant kir
rose Post t ,ce. A more glaring falseb..
er penned ankpublished.
{Mr On Tuesday morning last, about thr!
our citizens were aroused by the of late un,
of fire. • The fire was found to be,in the ba
ry Drinker, near-his residence. When th
gines reached the spot, the rear part of
,th
completelrenveloped in flames, arid the h.
ing but a few feet distant, was in great da l '
prompt exertions of the firemen and othe
the house was saved ; but the barn was
surnek with three very valuable horses,
in tlisktimrt of the building in the
1
ated, could not be . got out. 0,
Mr. Drinker was nbsent„in Philadelpbi
igin of the fire Is.unknown.
dispatch from Lawrence, Bans'
Cincinnati Gazette, states - that on the 19
five peaceable free-state men in Linn c.,
and six others wounded, by
twenty-five Ruffians, led by the nOtotiou. ,
Great excitctnent existed in the Territ,
bloody war was anticipated,
O`The editor of the .3fontrose Den
that the doctrine of popular sorereignty
Does he hold, then, that the people of I
have the power to exclude Slavery ? Or d:
with the Supreme Court of the. United I
President Buchanan, that the Constitu
Sla l rery into all the Territories, and that
now as much , a
Slave State as South,
Georgia ?" A definite answer is reques,,
•
ar We learn that:the first number o I
ern Pennsylvanian will be, issued at .7!
Depot on Thursday next, •by Leon. P.
editor and proprietor, Dr. J. 1.1. Thom
editor, and IL C. DeLohg, publisher. T
per is to be independent—" tied to no p
section."
We expect it will be a much better I
has heretofore been published in thatpl.l
it will be better supported. Terms,
vance; $2, if not paid until the end of
'•
Or The American Agriculturist, oi
andyibst popular agricultural periodical
try, will be published in both the Engl
German language hereafter, commend
July number. The Agriculturist was,
1842, and has now a - circulation great
other like journal in the world. It is }.
Orange Judd, 18i Water street, New-I
dollar a year; six copies one year, $5; I
more one year, 80 cents.
Egr If you want a good English ma
with instructive and interesting matte
with high literary ability, send to Jans.
Nassau street, New-York, for Dickens
liedrds. '
nr The Homestead bill.canie up in
May 2ith, when, on motion of Mr. Cli
postponed till January by 30 yeas to 2
voting nay were Messrs. Bell, Brig
Chandler:, Douglas, Durkee, Fitch, - F
lan, Jones, King, Pugh, Rice, Shields,
mons, Stuart, Trumbull, Wade, Wilson
Tenn., voted yea for the purpose of m
sideration; so that the real majority
homes was only seven.
rr The news from Kansas concer
Scott difficulties, continues to be cont.
Fr. State men 'report the pro-Slavery
aggressors, and vire versa. Of course;
journals believe the Border Ruffians,
hanging the Free, State men.
tgrfieriry IL Anthry, editor of ; 1 1
lournaT, and formerlr•Governor of
was on Friday hist elected bythe Le 4
State as a Senator in Congress, in pia
len, whose tern of office expires on.
next. _ Ho received 02 out of the 101
Allen is a " Ddniocrit"—Anthony is
able and reliable. When Allen's term
Sellator.from'New England will be •
or The Episcopal Convention a
after several ineffectual ballots, May 2
Bowman Assient Bishop for the Di ,
sylvauia by l'S"votes, to -63 for Dr.
scattering.
t air The Administtlofi, seeing
prohibiting fie Slave trade while Dial ,
ficial to the African race; and nece
ChristianizatiOn, lately attempted to y
olition z ortitat clause of the 'Ashburtc
requires us to keep a naval force on
Kea. but failed.
Or Our dtivil is responsible for th
Why is the,editor of the Montros:
Charley Webbla dog?
Anturer.--Beeatuse he keeps up
about the Post Office.
.tter - from Kanstainimer.
TRVNAN (rise` TopElcit) IC. T. ?
15th, 1858. • •
War
yob-
own
1 1 M
boat
king
• at,
Bantams il.:='l3iis country is , beginning to look
better tome than it did .last When I arrived
here,ever3rthinglooked brewwand dead=-;n6ta green,
leaf or . t#e iii 411 this broad land i and ymi know to
one brnnght up among the eTergreenitef Susquehan.
rut counti, ityould natural!: yjseent a littitt Strange to
have " nit green'thins,to rest the-eye upon." But
the earth has at r issi thrown off - its dingy hue, 'and
put on its mantle of green, and my aching eyes are
refreshed.'
Thin part of Kansas can well be compared to an
ocean slightly agitated by thesind. Here is a gen
tte-undrilation, yonder &slight swell, and away . in the,
distanee a mighty 'billow uphew)ed trom the deep.—
There isi bid very little notifiable bturrhere. I have
one hundred and sizty . ac't, situated on a swoll,four
milearom the Kaw river. We can see the belt-of
trees that line its banks in the distance, and I sup
pose must,content ()lir/elves with gazing upon. them
afar off till we grow a forest of our own. I have
sowed enough of the locust to make a fine grove,
which suppose will be grown by the time son visit
us. I intend to sow blank walnut, hickory, and
. •
chestnut, another year. can't see why every one
does not perceive the benefit and necessity of 'mine
diately settingibut fruit andOtherrtrees. Iferfe it can
be done the second year, unless we are remarkably
lazy,--instead of^beitik obliged to wait, as our 4-
them did, a dozen years befere they had any land'
Suitable toast as orchard. I have set out a small
orchard of fifty trees, peach and apple. A man , can
make his living here from his land, if he has,any en
ergy at all. I venture to say that Isla have enough
and to spare from theten aerie that I cultivate . this
seasea.
I wish you could go out with me some "mor
EC
otiator
nd the
actual
urrent.
gone
q eras
l‘rwards
Again,
nment,
oung.
patriot.
Tes.ity
us retr
lig real
irßing
when the great sun (the sun seems larger hintltan
elsewhere) is coming up, and listen lo the many song
birds, new to me, and try to count the myriads of
flowers new and strange that are blooming around.
The prairies are covered with rosebushes—pot yet
in bloom. There are a few familiar faces only—via
lets, strawberries; verbenas, larkspurs. It ri
, paig that
these cannot be transplanted. I shalt try it:.
The season bids fair to be very. fruitful. 'Wild:
grapes, plums, and gooseberries, will be plentiful.
Various kindset birdiabound—ptairie
ens, plovers, ducks, geese, hawks, crows,- ravens,
whippoorwills, besides butterflies and "bumblebees."
Among the animals are wolves, rabbits, minks, squir
rels, gophers, skunk, and some rattlesnakes and
" deadheads." _This last mentioned are very abun
dant, and are mord damage to a country thrm * alf the
noxious weeds and reptiles. This class of bipeds in- '
fest n new country, and expect to he' henefleted, but
not tO benefit the country. They wait (s ygetating)
for time to bring about some great thing toelfkem.--
They could well be dispensed with. •
We supposed that the agitation *as done with,but
we heir that Lecomp((m has passed, end ,now we
look for more troublous times. But lat ell as
sured that f'ou know more of events that ranspire
here than I do ; for your business is to "mad the pa
' pars," and mine is to follow the plow. _ C. 11. F.
BT3
Demo
he Post
d what
r heard
believ
e which
e Mike
disre
r he ask
of that
d never
to have
' sue, we
aims for
r has got
further
lour nest
=
•
xbitcan,
!d him to
c state
he Monte
was no--
e o'clock
ME=
a of Ile
The Fort Seat War. , .
STEAMER WHITE CLOUD,
NEAR QUINDARO, K. T. May 20, MS. }
New troubles at Fort Scott are of frequent
occurrence., - Perpetual skirmishing between
-bands of Pro-Slavery and Free-State men is
going on there, and there is neither law nor
order hi that vicinity. The Act. that. Gov
ernor Denver4spatched a company Of dra
goons from Alibama auk Mississippi there,
to " preserve quiet," and that those dragoons
prove mere tools in the hands of the Pro-
Slavery mee,-tends greatly tcr aggravate the
difficulty.. Many outrages have -been com
mitted of Intel - and uriless the •Governor
adopts some new line of policy, the difficulty
OCOCT 3 lately to larreame .did .FPrced through
south-eastern- Kansas:, Cincin s nati Gaza&
Ora
bare was
e, stand
ger. By
citizens
oily 'eon
. ich, being
re °Fief,-
The or-
Qto the
I
,h of May,
mama
party of
riract.4.4
,ry and a
The following communication was addressed
to the Editor of The Brunswicker, by Thom
as 11, Starnes, Esq., of Butler,--Bates cc4unty,
one of the original proprieuirs of Thc
Guile
lin Sun, and was subsequently cOnneeted-witir
The Southern Democrat, published at Park
vine, Platte county, Mo:
Bums* Bates Co., May 3, 1858.
I have an opportunity to send you. a few
lines—excitement is,too, high fur . comment.
- "Civil War" has anmenced in earnest.—
About ten days ago the .Abolition par at
tacked the. United States troops, near Fort
Scott, (about 30 miles from this place,)
wounding Capt. Anderson and others, and
killing one' of the troops., Since that time,
they have robbed and driven out all the Pro-
Slavery men, and all who sympathize with
them, and-all who voted for the Lecomptok
Constitution. They spare all Black Republi
cans. There are several hundred of thost
driven out nbw in our county ' • but Many are
yet in the Territory, and we have fears for
their safety. They have threatened all the
border counties of Missouri. They doubtlesi
are now in possession of Fort Scutt,-as to-day
was the dity for the United States • District
Court there, and they swear another, shall
never be held, there.
I haie just returned from the Territory.
It is supposed they =attacked Lind whipped
three companies of troops last evening, on
their road to assist 'the United States Mar
shit.. There are.soo of them On the line of
this county twenty-five miles from this place..
They have sent.us word they would be in
our county to-night. We believe they will
come. Those who have been.driven out, and.
many of our citizen's are now fortifying them
selves not. only on the line but in the' State.
It is impossible to give you an idea of affairs
ass-they exist. Their numbers are increasing
every hour. Many that we' thought Pro-
Slavery have joined through fear, while nialy
honest Free-State men have. run from the
TerritOry.Richmond(Mo.)'Mirror.
The reports froth Southern . Kansas indi
cate that ,the Free-State min who have been
for the last eight mouths se grievously har
assed by the murderers, Clark; Brockett, and
other cut-throats, under the cover of. a coot-,
pan-y.of United States dragoons, have' assiim ,
ed an aggressive position, and are pressing •
into their service the horse; wins, apd othir
availables of leading Pro-Slavery, men, and
driving the owners out of the. 'rerritory.
The store of Mr. Wells, a -leading:,Pro-Slav
•
'ery man at Willow Springs, was ,',visited in
the day-time last week, by a c¢:mpany -of
some two dozen horsemen, who, not finding
the principal object of their search; the pro
prietor, helped themselves to such things as
they liked,• and departed. They; destroted
what liquor they found—which fact is re
garded indubitable evidence that they, were'
Free-State men. Soon after ; we-heard of a
similar party down in Johnson County pay
ing their compliments to Pro-SlaVipy settlers.
•;—Laiorenes .Repubg lica
.
ocrat 'gays
right.—
, Territory
, es he bold,
§tates and
on curries
Kansas is
!Carolina or
the North
. cquehanna
inds, Esq.,
assistant
e new pa-
Ly, sect, or
"paper than
e, and hope
H,50,„ in ad-
!he .year
e of the belt
in the coun
sh and the
g with the
riginated in
r than- any
.üblished by
ork, at one
en cokies or
tine, filled
and edited
& Co., 118
la Household
`the Senate
Iplan it was
nays. Those
L Broderick,
P . Bale, Hai , . --
.eward, Sim-
Johnson, of
1 ing a renal
agair.gt Tree
•
ing the Fort
I dictory. The
tes as the first
Ittir doughface
ind go in for
e Prbvidence
1 . hods Island,
stature of that
e of Philip Al-
L e 4th of March
votes cast.—
! Republican,
expires, every
Okla.
REPORTERS .11ED BOWIE KNIVES.—The U.,
S. Senate was a little startled the other day;,,
out °fits dullness and dignity, by: an acci:,
dent. A reporter carelessly. threw his over
coat .over the rear railing which shuts off the
reporters from the Senate below.. It chanced
that in the, posket - of said overcoat, these was.
a stout bmvie knife, which was, by lbi3 im
pulse given to •the coat, thrown with j some
violence below, striking the blade into; Seim
tor Hammond's seat, which was at that mo
ment unoccupied. For a moment, the Sena
tors were startled'ont of their propriety, and
the Sergeant-at-aims went up to the gallery,
and arrested the proprietor of th", coat, but
when explanatitips wore made, he wierelcas :
ed. -
The N, IL Lnislature convened (futi l e Ist.
. Philadelphia,
th, elected Dr.
eso of Penn
i
inton„ and 2
!. propriety in
ry is 811 bene-
for their
-rocure the ab
!is treaty which,
hescoast of Al-
e following:
Demociat like
great howling
The DiinuOen.pemocraiy. ' .
The Washington, correspondent of the New
York Timea discusses 'some of-the recent
movements of the Slate Pemoerney in Con•
_gross, 1
as follows: - 1 " - . •.*
• ' The passage_of the bill toi 'the repeal' of *
the fiShing'bcunttes is one- of the most. im-.
, portant acts of the, session. , , a will. inaugu- . „
, rate;if it pass the IHouae; a comprehgnsi , &
'change of policy, ;dirceted - to the withdrawal :
.of all encouragement froinithe Navy and of
all prestectionfrorn the 'interests of 'naviga.. - .
Lion._. .
This blow is to be followed up by another.;
waxen cannot full to make a profound sensa- -
tion upon the ainntry. The ,Coinnuttee. On
Commerce resolved to=day,- byr4t*" sectional,
and partisan .majority, to, rein:alp bill to - re.
p'eat all discriminative , duties to favor of,
Rimericati veSsels over' foreign :in the ports ,
of the United States, to admit fOreign vessels
to the perfect freedom of the coasting trade,
and to repeal the requiiernent_thatill'Aitier , `
icon vessels shall have, a• - eertain prePoition
of A mericans as part of the dew. - In, a word,
'the bill proposes-totally to abolish all protec
tilim to Ameriam - navigation, and throw. the
coasting trade, as well as that between the
._
United States and foreign countrtes,!open -to
foreign vessels.• a.
This same prop -Was -
ositiOn. _
reported to the
House by: the majority of `the,Select Corn.%
mittee von Free. Trade and - Direct Taxation,:
of which Mr. Boyce, of South. Carolina, is
ehairmail. This Committee we's designedly
and properly composed of reemi , rs friendly
to the rwolutions introduced by Mr. Boyce,
looking to the abandonment of the_system of
indirect taxation through imposts upon. int
ported merchandize, -and' a resort to direct
taxation,• to be collected by the several States,
and paid - oVer by them into the . coinmou
treasury.
These-propositions must be taken togeth
er, because they forrri parts Of one system,,
whicb, it would 'appear, has been formally
adopted by the Southrn Democratic Party.
I They contemplate, not a revolution, in our
I ccimmercial policy, but the total destruction
of it, and they are also-dikected to the sever
ance of the Union. Tne rfiensurei named iii ,
Mr. Boyce's resolutions-are dis-Union, And .
let it be remembered that they ::are not the
opinions of one ulan—they , are' propositions
maturely formisi after laborious investiga
tions,and deliberately promulgated by e
Committee of the Houle: They go back to.
the plan Of the Confederatior.,- and 'can only
reach it by throwing off the Union forever,
under the Constitution. ,The very moving
cause of the formation of thelimon. was, - that
_the finances of the Confederacy had 4allen in- :
to dilapidation, becauselherStittes-woeld not::
furnish their quotas of- supplies. Without
collection lOws, without duties on commerce,
.and without a fiscal system common to the
whole country, and adtrinistered by the Fed
lira! Government i , the Union' would not en
dure
two years. The repot : tit : um Mr. Box.
cc's select committee is, theretoye, when cor
rectly viewed, only a report irtfavor of the ..
dissolution of the Union, and was no doubt '
so intended by its nuthnr.
___
The Senate's t
Committee, under the lead of
Mri,Clay, was organized last December, un
der it very strong sectional -influence. -The
Chairman is himself a person whom no mad
from the North voluntarily converses with.
He has been operating' in manifest . aceord
vijth Mr. Boyce's Disunion Committee.. 'The
bill for the iepeal of the fishing bounties was
part of the plan arranged' between the Com
mittees; and it was. the. intention to move the
reference of the 'Senate bill to the Tbilisi
Committee in order to get it regularly be
fore-the House without delay. The Corn-
mittee, however,,has ceased "to eft. and the
• billst go to th 6 Committee on Cominerce
of th
rr
louse. of which Mr. John Cochrane is
Chao" an. If reported at all, it will be with.
the4cCommendation that it do not piss. •
But should the bill be got before the
Muse for action, a motion`will be made to
add, as an amendment, the repeal...of the. su-/
'gar duties, which last year,yielded $1g,500,-
000. 4 The motion will probably.succeed, and
the bill will-then becomo a subject of Contest,
between_the two Houses. • .
The repeal of the laws protecting Ameri
can tonnage and navigation, will arouse the
opposition_ of the owners ofVfive. millions of
tons of shipping in all parts of the country;
but the men who have started the crusade
against this interest will not be satisfied with
One or two unsuccessful attempts: They
Wil! continue the agitation until' they prevail,
~ or until, the party to which they belong shall
• be crushed.
;e
protection to the Iran Interests.
NVe are glad to see that Forney's Phila.
derphia P ress has_ taken grounds ih favor of
proteCting the iron and coal interests of Penn
.
sjlvania. That paper says:'
The newspners ofahe interior of this State
generally favor a modification of the present
tlariff, for the sake of the iron interest. It is
cornpOted that There are at present not less
than five hundred large iron works.in Penn
sylvania, employing an aggregate capital of
twenty-five millions of dollars, and' furnishing
direct employment, to forty. thousand
The coal interests; 14 the-agricultural and
manufacturing industry of the State - are. all
suffering from the 4 e rostration of the iron
works, anProm all clasas there rises a de
mand for_an alterntitiOn the tariff, at least
in respect of coal and iron: The 'Pittsburg
Press, among other influential Donfocratia.
journals, is urgent in calling for a reform: W
says :
"It is jabot', not - capital, which needs pro-
tection in PenniiylN anht. The object is to
capital remunerative in employing_ la
bor and consuming the_ product. of the soil:
If this dannot be done, capital Will"soek - such
employment as will remunerate,. In- Penn
sylvania the price of living is cheap; rents
are low ; raw material costs very little ; there
i§ plenty of capita) and skill; and none of
these need legislative protection.. .Bbt four:
fifths of the ; value of all manufactured articles
consists in the labor bestowed upon- them.
and the . present rates of the tariff on, lion
bring American labor in direct competition
with the ill-paid labor of Europe. It is pro
tection to American labor which we Want ‘ in
Pennsylvania. It is to.have our money paid
for labor at home, arid not .sent abroad t>
pay for- foreign labor, wbile'ourown mechun
ics, turned out of employment, are compelled
to seek employment elsewhere, and in new
avocations; to the-injury of all industrial pur
suits."
" The Senators and Representatives from
Pennsylvania should lose tfo tirne, in forcing
the necessity of an inereti , ed duty: upon iron
on the attention - of Congr6ss. There is even
yet time for an important alteration in this
respect, and those,who succeed-in making,...it
will not be forgotten. by the hundreds of
thousands of industrious men in , Pennsylva-s
nia, who• live directly and indirectly, upon
the wages of labor expended upon , the pro
duction of iron."
. .
Av hiPOR.TANT votr..--qt 1* stated that the
Committee on lielations, in the Sea
ate,, bad *a. full meetingllay lath, and consid
ered the propos' itkiti of Mr. Slidell to abre•
gate that clause. of the Ashburton • treaty
which tequiria a naval force to. be maintain
ed on the coMie.ef.Afria. After some discos
sifiu, a formal divivkm was taken with the
following, result Teat—aeon; Slidell; and .
Polk. Nays—Foot. Crittenden, Douglas,
and. §dward. • '; ••
• , •