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GF . ItE4D d e H.. 11. 'FRAZIER; EDITORS. I
oefo eimmeh
T dret It to its full son length,
The curl of glossy brown;
5 ; I said; There is no queen on earth
Wdars such a royal crown."
"Tot give me this one little lock; •
The time will come," I said,
"You cannot give the smallest tress.
. Without its.silver.thread..." -
She smiled, but gently shoo* her head,
Avid mid, "ICav; let it star •
There is no fear titat beim ot mine
Will ever turn to gray."
How keen a pang one thought. will bring
Into our lightest mood ; •
I'd give the world had she not spoke,-
I' Or I not. understood.
Dies 410 Bkefehes. ,
CASTA DIVA!
"lleigh ha!" sighs Mr.. Patron, - " what a
fdrlorn life it is to live alone I" .and he drew
his chair close to the fire and ensconced him.
self therkin,'wrapping his tri-colored dressing
gown about him. I wish I were married
I know a lady—boards In the same house too
—and I believe she'd have me if I Were to ask
her. I !titian the:pretty music teacher. She
is y oung, delicate and amiable; only there
seems to be something melancholy ationTber
she is a widow; I like her thoitgliTaritrl be
lieve she likes me. I'll think .this over. I
have pleni'y•of money, and notiedy .t.o spend
it upon. Vs.s. I think I Will ask pretty Mad 7.
ante Victor to, marry me."
Rap, rap, rap! • • •
" Com e. in —w ho's there r
"Pica 4 sir, it's your cleat clothes."
"Clean clothes! and pray who arc you, you
little cherith, and where do you come front r'
"I am Lauren*, sir, and I Jive with Bridg.
et, who whsltes your clothes, and she sent me
with the liastet to.night." -
6 Yes,. I think she did, you little duckling s
and the bAsket is larger than yourself Conte
and sit down in this chuir by the fire and warm
your tocs--there, now, t want to talk with
you. Are you 43ridget's child ?"
"Oh no, sir ;:! and a look. of care passed
over the little fi,ce.
" No, 1 thought not Washerwomen's chil
dren don't . have such eyes, nor such broad
fofeheads, not such soft hair.. Well,. birdie,
how came you with Bridget? nave you no
gents?", ' •
" I don't know. I only dream- - I hare.--
Bridget lets me stay with her because I can
Sing ! and what has that to do with it r'
" Oh, sir, I sing my songs in the great hous
e" sett 141Py iive. 'me sixpences, and . 1 take
~ ~
them to- Bridget."
"Aha, You pay your board then. W,ell,
little Laurette, will-you sing fiur me now?"
"Yes, indeed," and the little onP P.tands up
in the niiddle of the rug, and °peeing her rise
bud mouth, she sings Casts Diva. .
" Bless' niy stars, whara voice ! I • know
something' about music myself; at least -e.
nongh to know that such a - voiceshould be a
fortune to' the o3e that isssesses it. - Little
one, where did you ; learn that?"
• "Nurse taught me."
'. Nurse ! Who is nurse?" ' I
" Nurse is dead." The dark eye* fill with
tears, and! the ruby lips areiiniverittg.
Mr. Patron walks up and down the rootn.
Efis turiosity is excited as well as his pity. -
":Please, .sir, shall I have the basket'!—
1.
Bridget will scold me if I stay so long."
"Ni, little one, 1 will carry the basket; I
am going home with you."
"It's up five eights of stairs, sir, and there
is no light-in the passage."
" Alf the more reasons I should go with
you. Now-I am ready. Come my little sing
er, you and I willhe better acquainted before
long. Dett't fall down'these steps; keep hold
of my hand ; . bere we are in Broadway. Now
where do ,we, turn - , down . Prince street, hey? .
and now d6Wn Crosby.- What, slo you live
in this alley ? Oh, never fear, little Caste Di
va. 6,111111 tread safely enough while this lit.
tae heed leads me. Ugh ! how many more
flights are there? only two! Well, I can climb
them if you , can. So, is this the dues?" "
Och, and is it you, air, that would by af
tere coming, to see a poor woman at this hour!
Will yen be seated, sir," said Bridget, wiping i
a wooden chair with her apron. 1 ' Your shirts
were not ironed to be suiting ye, maybe?"
"_Shirts all right, Bridget. I eyrie to bring
home loiir little girl; and to 'ask you some
thing about her. She has been singing for
me. Will you tell me where shecamefremr
"Ye take a deal o' trouble fors lone bit of
a child, indeed, air; but her . story is not so
very long. She lived with a ferret/ woman,
in the room below, named Therese. The wo
man, she was waiting maid in Lauretta's fam
ily, it Italy; somewhere, and while she was
out with iite child,. then 'only two years Old,
for the salie *ldle air, there eameAt big row; .
in the city, and the child's hither Bras in the
middle of it, and got kilt; and when she
reached, the house, all in a fright ; sure it was
on fire and the mother Of it, gone, and niver
was she able to find her. So she kept the
child and ;comes to America with it; for she 1
aeard how the streets were paved with g.tild, '
and when She dime and found nary golknor
lood but ,§* the Working, - thi INA to to
work, as all we poor areatureekt e, air , ,she
took is trashing . in ttleonifixtadown stairs;
but nine a bit would shie It* the child do for
itself, but •waited on it like a slave, and only
taught it to since, ins it's mother did before.
it," she salt;luid last year. Therms died.
This poor creature took so bad that I took her
inyielf, only rn be..hrisiipte her . up different
ly, intirely ; I'll teach her to earn her' bread,
at any rate, and so I send her out every day
to sing tad* great folks, ea' tante her help
• me to atrry' inland tile althea, and chat is idi,
air." ..
,
' ".It, was very good in you, Bridget, to take
the litte orphan ; you have wed her (elan a
sad . you eit ; y will be reward/4 You iosS k
de
pend." : • • • -
Bridget raised Ler eyebrows sod
a courtesy, diV
while little 'Onus Divi, as . .
. Patton then, and eve since, has called her,
hid her facie in the bed and sobbed to hear Her
- own story related. The kind gamiletion
•
looked at her tenderly, and then continued: _
• , 11.tiave a plan for thispoor -child, whith
will relieveyoti of your charge, and repay .
{, you for your goodness of heart. Good night,.
little one; I'll come - to-morrow. Dry=
tears, for I will yet autkeyou happy.
Bridget, is some money fur you ; mad, betntre
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you du not send ; her out to sing again. Ibave
something better for her to do. - '
Bridget dropped another courtesy, and ter
mouth opened wide for she was all mystified
and bewildered.
An hour later and Mr. Patron is again
seated in his easy chair before hb bright coal
fire with his dressing gown once more folded
around him. The only difference is that be,
is limiting instead of sighing as he did before.
" Ah, yes," he says, ",I see my way clear.
I can now, without 'levitation, call upon Macl
aine Victor in her room, to interest her about
my little Casta Dive. I will tell her the stn.
ry, and engage her to cultivate the voice of
my little protege. I will fee her to-morrow
morning and perhaps she will accompany me
to Bridget's lodging. Not a very romantic
walk to invite the lady of my heart to share,
but then the circumstances are peculiar."
" Now I think of it,- I. must engage of my
landlady that little bedroom next 'to mine.—
I am determined to adopt that singing cherub
for my own. I will change her name to Cos-
Is Diva Patron. It sounds musical, and she
is musical herself. If sweet Madame Victor
only sees In her what I do, we shall be AU
Amazing happy family.' I - declare I' feel like
a husband and father already. I shall find
enough to do with my money after ell."
And so he goes to bed and!;. dreams of his
future joys till be fairly lasghs aloud in his.
sleep. .
Now it is moraines and ifivou kill put your
head out of your door, you can see him walk.
ing along the ball. He stops at .No. 13—
knocks gently ; but the rich toned piano,
touched by a thrilling bind, does not allow
so love-like a tap 'to be heard. This time he
knocks louder, the music stops, and the door
is opened by a beautiful woman 'who smiling
ly invites him to'entepi t don't won
der he fell in love with her ! They closed the
door. Let's you and Igo and peep - at the
keyhole, and hear what they have to say,—
never tell—will you f Hark I 'Well, af
ter all t can't tell , what they said now; be
cause I promised I would not • bat Patron has
staid in there a great while, and he don't ink
hpr to sing or play ill the time
Now the door opens again and they come
out together; he in his overcoat and hat; she
in her cloak =and velvet y bonnet, He looks
very much excited, and she lOOks pale and
trembles so she can hardly speak, She takeV
his offered arm, and goes down stairs and out
of the street fluor. Ido believe they are go
ing to Bridget'''.
And's° they are.
Good Mr. Patron walks slosily with the
sweet lady, for she has every reason to trem 7
ble, she believes age is :Laurette's mamma;
for she has been telling, her friend how her
hosli.ind Was killed in:a dreadful mob one day,
because he was a great politician, and when
they bad burned
. ttishogse, _atm/ took lima
threw her into prison, - where she remained a
whole year, and only made her escape when,
daring the terrible trouble in Italy, the prts
on doors were unbarred to ail.,
She sought fratsticallyfcii. her child, but in
vain ; and believing that both Laurette and
her nurse were' crushed in the mob that killed
her husband, she came to America to try to
,earn a livelihood among the IlOspitable stran
gers by her fine musical education and uncom
mon voice.
Madarnis Victor belieres that Lauretta is
her child, because their stories are so strange
ly alike, Five years have pasi'ied since she
lett Italy; but she knows that , her eyes will
not deceive her. Tier tVaby's features arein
delihly engraved upon her heart.'
Fier
lier kind friend supports her up five flights
of stairs, and she stops to take breath and to
nerve herself for either intense happiness or
disappointment.. •
Tbey are about to enter the room, when a
little voice greets her, ears, singing With won
derful Dower and expression an Italian melo.
dy, which the „lady herself used to sing in her
own. funny land. Sbe stops and grasps the
m of her friend.
Oh, Wait," she whispers, "let me try." 7--
Withza great effort, she continues and co►n
pleies the unfinished strain in-a voice that an
angel's might nut exceed,
He opens the door.
,Lauretta stands in theicentre of the floor,
albne, pale kind agitated ; her great eyes dila
ted with emotion long repressed. Her moth.
iris voice has readied
.a spot in her little heart,
which vibrates on her memory like a glimpse
of Heaven.
Madame. Victor sinks upon a chair, andga
zes long and earnestly upon the little motion
less figure; then she b , tretches out her arms,
and whispers, "Come here."
Lauretta slowly advances, and when she is
close to'the lady, she nestles her., head , upon
her bosom, and ,ra ve s a. longsnd deep sigh.
" Tell me youi. name, sweet one."
The lady 'wellies the little form still closet.
" Darling, I am your mother."
'4I know , it," sighed the child.
.
" You know it, my angel r
"Yea, I bare seen you in my dreams, and
always . mlled'you ‘mother,'' and when you
sang just dew it brought it all back.",
Good Mr. Patna went to the window and
wiped his eyes. • •
• - • .4 •
Once again we see him sitting in his easy
chair before the bright coal fire, By his side
sits a. beautiful lady—one hind lies in his,
and the other was tenderly stroking his hair,
but her eyes are tenderly resting upon the
little fairy who sith at. the ' piano. silently
dreaming over some of Ilandel's music which
her istpa has brought borne to her. -
The la d y is his. wife
The fairy is his 'Casts Diva.'
Mirroati booth - will
be kept in turmoil wbere' therkis rio totem
tkio aieach Other's dwroes, no keity shown
to failing; no meek subulisaion to inquiries ,
no - adt. answer to tom away weigh tE yoo
Jay a single stick of wood is the grate god sp.
ply fires* it, it will go out; put on another
-stick, tad they wdlborn • add baits doyen,
sod tiny„ will blue. ifieriam aloe free
sob's' et to the suns condition. Vane mem
ber or family gets into a pinion and is
let slope, willeotd 4lownosnd Rosie* be
ashamed and, repent. Bet (woe! temper to
temper; pile on the mil;" draw in others of
the group, sod let One hardy answer be fol
lowed br souther,. and there wif soon be a
Wass which welt eswiap all in its burning
_ Ahoy, at s remit esmainatios in an
English achool, was said mho disowned
America. " . 1 apish 1 any die," says a Brit
ish sditor, - 0 31 he didn't inwsspr.—Taniten
-Doodler
oyngzOcjn.',Amt). gator aa,n,amdvAtiLAVmny,;:aBt) V.gd-t0n099
FrT7:rl=, w,mllT=
I was brought up near the Canada line in
Verniont, where my father owned a large
farm. Not fai from his tarp . . was' quite a
lake, where we used to enjoy ourselves at
fishing and sailing. . One afternoon I saw a
flock or black' ducks fly over the totise,•and I
was sure theytlighted on the . over .
so I seized.
my doahletitarreled• gUn and animunition,
and started off When I reached the land
ing, l Saw the ducks away off by the opposite
shore. lat once cut, soma boughs with my
knifb; and liming rigged up the bows of a
small flatbottomed Scull we kept oh purpose
for such work; I jumped in and started off.
I had got near • enough for a shot; and hid
drawn in the scull, and was in the aet °flak
ing up my gun, when the ducks started otT.
As quickly as possilite'l drew one hammer
and lot drive. I hit two of them; but they
didn't fall into the Water., They fluttered
along until they fell among the tall grasS up
in a cove.. The water was low, and the placo
was dry where they were.' 1 rowed up as
far as I coUld, and then got - out and walked
up. I knew very near where one of the
ducks had fallen, and very soon had my eye
on it. As I run to take it :saw the head of
black snake reach out and take it by the
wing. 1 saw only the head and neck of the
reptile, and had no idea, how large a %me it
was; ur ifl had, probably I should have done
just as I did, fur I had no idea of fearing
'such a -tlting----so I just ran up and snatched
the bird away. lbs.] left my gun in the boat,
an d h a d not hi n t, to kill the Chap with; but as
I took the duc17,.1 just put my foot upon the
thief 's neck.
The ground was midst, and slimy,. and as
the snake had his body brawl among the.
roots of the stout reed*, he took his head out
fri;iii under my flea about as quick as a man
comfortably think. 1 thought I'd run
back to. my liciatattif get any gun and try to
kill this fellow ; and I had just turned for .
that purpose, when I felt something strike my
legs-as though somebody had throwna rope
round them. I looked down and found that
the snake bad taken a Wm - around my left
leg with his tail, and was in the act of clear
ing his body from the grass. I dripped the
duck and gave a smart kick, but that didn't
leOsen him;
so I tried to put my r i ght foot -
en him and draw. my leg away, 'bnt I might
IA well try to put my foot on a streak of
lightning! •
had forgotten the • proportionate size of
the head of this species of black snake: I
had. expected to see a snake four.or 'five feet
long; but instead.. of that he was nearly eight
feet and a half ! . • Still 1; hadn't 'any great
fear ; fur I supposed when I put my hands on
him, I could ea‘ity take him off, for I was
pretty atnmg in the arms.. In a few seconds
be bad hi* body. all clear, and it was then
that the first rear thrill. 'shot through me.
There he held himself by the simple turn
around my leg, and %with hig"back arched in
and out, he brought his bead on a level With -
mine. I made a grab for him, but missed
him ; and then as quick as you can snap
your finger; he swept. his head around under
ray arm, clear . 1 around my body, and then
straightened up and -dunked me in the face
again. gave another grab at him—and an
other, as quick as I cOuld; but be dodged me
in spite of all I Could do. . •
. -1 next • felt • the snake's body working its
way, up. The turn Of the tail was changed
to my thigh, and the coil, around my stomach
began to tighten. About this time I bagan
to think there might be some serious work,.
end•the quicker I shook Off the snake the bet
ter. So I just grasped him as near the head
as pcosible, by taking hold where- he was
around ine—for he couldn't d o dge that part,
yoti know - -and tried to tern him off. But'
this only made it worse. The snake had now
drawn himself up so high, and stretched him -N
self so, that he
. whipped another turn abOut
me. His tail was now around my left thigh,
and the rest of him turned - twice round my
'body—one of them being just at the pit of
my stomach, the other one above it. All .
this had occupied jn'-t about a s minute from
the time he first got the turn around my leg.
• His head was now right around in front of
my face, and he tried to make his- way to my
mouth ! What; his intention was I cannot
surely tell, though I have always believed
that be kneW he could strangle me .in
.duit
way. • He struck me one blow in the mouth
that hurt me considerably ;and after that I
got him by the neck, and there I meant to
hold him—at least, so that. he should 'not
strike me again. The moment I grasped the
snake by the neck, he commenced to tighten
his folds ab9llL, my body I 1 soon diseuvered.
that he'd soon squeeze the breath out of . me
in that way, and I determined to unwind
him. He was. wound: in this way : the turn
around the thigh was' from left to right--
then up between the legs to my right side,
and around the buck to my left side—and so.
on with the second titt n-- T thus• bringing his
head.up faint under my Ural. I had the
shake now with my' left hand, and my idea
was to pass his around wy back until 1
could reach it with my right, and so unwind.
hlm. I could press the fellow's head down
under. my arm, but to:get it around's° as to
reach'it with tny right hand, I could not. I
tried—l put all my power into that tine arm,
but I could not do it...
. Until this moment I had Wit really been
frightened. I bad believed I avid unwind
the serpent wheti 1 tried. I newer dreamed
what power he had, I. tried.it until I kneW
Icould not do it, and thealaie it up. .34
next thought was of my jac k-knife; .but the
lower coil of the !Make waidirectly over my
txreket, wadi could ntit get it. I now for
the first time called out fO help. I yelled
with all my might; and yeti knew the trial
.:was next, to useless, far. no one*could estaily,
gain the place- where I was, except with a
boat. Yet leaned out, hoping against hope,
grasped the snake_ by the body and pulled;
I tried p_ break its neck.. This plan praient!
ed *gleam - ofpromise ; Int It 'amounted to
nothing. I. might as wellbsys tried to break
s rope by bending it torsi*. and backward.
A full minute had now lessed from the
time when I,firStliied - to .pass the snake's
head around my. hack:
.114 body, had be.
come so ..elongated gradual_ program
around my . .body,,thathe..had t i:oona to.carry
his head-around in" a free: otia symmetrical
curve; Whoa slipped from 'roy - grasp, and
when I .rwittcanght him, i found Asti was
Weaker thaw before 1 '1 =lSt hold him I
The rureitentent had pre me, from no
-tieing this until now. For few *meats
I was latigerfect frenzy. I leaped up and
it.'* as loud, at i 001116...-11 ad
grasped the islahe with. all *ray mighty -_ Bus
MONTROSE, THURSDA:X, JULY 9, 1857.
.
it availed me nothing , He slipped his bead
from my weakdned hind, ii,n4 made a blow
at my face, striking me fairly Upon the closed
lips. This made me mai l :and 'gave the
fetnal thing another grasp with both bandit,
trying - once more to. twist, his heck. The rd
suit was, that I got another blow on the
mouth. ;-,
' But the moment of need wits at hand. I
felt the cells growing tighter and 'tighter
around my body; and my breath was getting
weak. 1 A Severn pain - wati - b eg inning to re
sult from the...fressure,.and I flaw that the
snake Would Joon. have length enough for an.:
other tuni. was drawn so tightly that
the centre of his body was 'm bigger than
his head ! • The black skin drawn to a
tension that iseetned its' utmeist, and yet i
could telt by the working of thelarge hard
scales upon the belly thattlie was .drawing
himselftighter,still! - • •
• Stricken with absolute terror, I gasped,
"What' shall 1, du'?" .Whit ; could. I del
The enemy for 'whom I luul-at; first held so
little thought, .WfIS killing me Slowly,.surely,
—and I had no help ! stout, strung man,
was actually held at the deadly will of a
black, snake ! My breath was now. short,
faint, and quick, and : l knew I. was growing
purple in the face ! My 'hatids and arms
were swollen, and toy fingers were.n u
I had let go of tht. snake's neck!, and now: he
carried the upper part of his:body in a grace
" curve, his head .vibrating . ifrom side to
aide with an undulating tnotiOn of extreme
gracefulness and fascination...
At length I staggered I . was lOsing my
strength rapidly, ant the pitht.Of body had
become eseruciating.• The sank - e's skir.'where
it i'vits coiled -about me was, so' tight that it
seemed alinost transparent. bad found
me, or I had found him,:iii a`stiite of hunger,
his stomach free from food, and his muscu
lar forcenniineaired. A second times stag
gered, and objects began to swiei before me.
A dizzy sensation was in my head , a Clint
ne..s at my heart, ands pain the most agoni
zing in - my body ! The snake had now three
feet of his body tree... Ile had... drawn him
self certainly three feet longer 'than before.
He darted his head rimier my right arm, and
brought it hp over my shOulder, and press
ing his..under jaw firmly doWn there, he gave
a sudden Wind that made megroatt with pain.
Each moment . was an age of agony !=each
second a step nearer to death!, '
My knife! o,,if I could reach it! Why
not t Why. sot tear it riot 1 . MY arms were
free. Mercy ! why had I not thhught of this
before, when my hands bad some strength in .
them Yet I would try it, collected all
my remaining power for the effort, and made
the attempt. My trousers were of blue cot . -
ton stuff, and very strong- 0 1 . 4 conk, not tear
it! I thought of the stit.e4 They might.
not. be so te , 'fins. 1 kid the cloth up
on the inside otmy thigh, and gave my last
atom of strength to the effort. The stitches
started—they gave way ! This
.result gave
me hope, and hope gave me power. Anotb.
.
er -both hands—and the pockets
were laid hare! With all the. remaining
force I could command—twithlope of life—
of home—of evergthi ng I loyed - , on earth ;
in the efiort,,—l caught the pocket on the in
side and bore down on l it.. There was -a
cracking of the threads—a soun4".of tearing
cloth—and—my knife was in my hands! .•
I had yet sense enough - to know that the
smallest blade was the sharpest,. and I open
ed it. With one quick, nervous movement
I pressed-41) keen edge upon the `tense skin,
and drew it scrass. Wilk i e dull 'tearing snap
the body parted, and the snake fell - to the:
ground in two pieces!' I . staggered •to the
boat—l reacifed it, and there sank down. I
kpew nothing mere mail I heaid.a voice call
ing fie by name. I opened my -eyes and:
looked up: My father stood over me with
terror depicted on his counteninee I told
him my -story as bcst l'izotild. • it e went up
and got the duck I had. taken froin, the snake
—the other one 'he could not find—and also.
brought along the two pieties that t had made
of my enemy. He told me he had heard me,
cry out, and at once. started off . 'in the large
boat after me, though it was . a king while ere
he saw my boat.: 1 had-lain there over halt
an hour. when he found me.
When we reached home, the.. snake was
found to be eight feet tour inches . in length!
It was a month before I fully recovered from
the effects of that hugging; and Lb this day
there is something in the very name of snake
that sends a thrill of horror to .my heart!
Lu!LLl!lqilia2l ; l9 :a : ( zi• ks):l4
/The Saxons first introduced archery in the,
time of Voltigeur. It was dropped initneili
afely after the conquest, but revived by • the
crusaders, they having felt the effects o 1 it
from the Saracens, who probably derived it
from the Parthians. Bows and arrows as
weapons of war, were in use with;stone can
non ball so late as 1440. It is singular that
all the statutes for the encouragement of arch
ery were framed after the invention of gun.
powder and firearms. Yew. trees were en
couraged in churchyards, fur the 'making of
bows, in -1442. 'Hence their generality in
churchyards in England. '
Cats'of arms came into vogue hi the reign
of Richard L of England, and became hered.
itary in families about the year 1102. They
took their rise from the knights painting their,
banners with different figures 'to distinguish
them in the crusades.
The first' standitsg t artny of modern times
was established by Charles VII. of France,in
-1445. Previous - to that time, the - king ad
depended upon his nobles for contingents in
time of war. A standing army was first es.
tablished in England in 1638 by Charles 1.,
bat it was declared illegal; as well 'as the or
ganitittion of the royal guards in 1679. The
first permanent military band instituted in
England, was the yeomen of the guards, ea
tablished in 1486.
, Gnus were invented by Swart: 4 i Germain,
about IXIB, and were Womb& istm use by the
Vanitiane in 1882. Cannon were Invested at
an anterior date. - They were filet Mimed at tbe
battle of Cressy in 13461 In &A land they
were first used $t the siege of Uwwick in
1405. 1% was oscura 1514, however, that
they were cast.in England. They were need
an board of ships by the Veeitians 1589,
and were in use among the Ttirktjabout the
8111 " 410 *Way company: , was insti
tuted in England for weekly military exerai;
aes in 1610 • • - •
Insursoce of ships was first prseiisadin the
reign of C&sl in 45. It wiss giosnd 0u
tom in Europa in 1194. Insuisaos offices
were fires established in Lamina lfl 1067.
Tire' nvention of bells is attributed to Ps*
!inns, Bishopet Nola, in Own penis, about the
year 400. inlay 'Were first introduced into
churches as a 446,10,,agaiast thunder arid
lightning.- They Were first hung up in Eng
land at Croyland Abby, Lincolnshire, in 045.
In the eleventh century and later, it was , the
custom to tuolset' them In:the churches be
fore they were used. The curfew bell was
established in 1008. It , rus. rung at eight in
the evening,wrhen people were obliged to put
nut their fire and candle. The custom was
ibolished in 1100. Bell. men were appoint
ed in London
I n . 1530, to ring the bells. at
night, and cry, "Take are your, fire, and
candle, be cherteable to, the - poor, and pray
for the dftd."
Book-keeping wet first introduced into En
gland from Italy by - Peele in 1560. •It was de
rived from a system'of algebra published by
Burtr,,O at Venice.
The administration of the oath in civil ca.
sea is of high antiquity. See Exodu4 22-10.
Swearing on the Gospels was first used in
52.3. Tne oath was first adminhttered in ju
dicial proceedinip In England by the. Saxons
in 600... The words "So help me God, and
all Saints," concluded an oath till 1550.
Signals to, be used at sea were first con
trived by James IL, when Duke of York in
1065. They were afterwards improved by
the. French commander, Tourville, end by
Admiral Baichen.
From At Y. Y. .inclepencicut.
THE DEVIL'S . POLITICS..
The accompanying paragraph has been .
twice sent to us in one week. A it seems
to do somebody a great deal id gond, we will
help them to give it currency :
" The Devil,' says Luther, ' held a griat
anniversary; at whit h his emissaries *ere con
vened to report, the result of their several
missions." I let loose the wild beasts of the
desert,' said. one, 'on a caravan of Christiana,
and their bones are now bleaching on the
sands.' • Pshaw,' said the Devil, their souls
frees all saved.'' • I drove the east wind,' said
another, apinsta ship freighted with chris.
tilos, and t h ey were all drowned.' • What
admit V- said the Devil, their snits were ail
saved.' ,‘ For •three years,' said a third. '
cultivated an soqtutintance with an independ
ent preacher of the Gospel • .at, last I became
on very intimate tarsus with him, and then I
persuaded him to preach politics and throw
away his Bible!' ' Then,' continues Luther,
thp Devil shouted as the Devil can only
shout, and the night stars of bell sang for
This is meant to hit those ministers who
preach ethics as well as thEplogy ; who be
lieve tlt doctrine must bear_ preached as to
produce duty: Now there are several rea
sons why the arrow in this ease does not hit
the mark The polities! preaching of
_Becher's
days, was the preaching of ministers in favor
of " the powers that he:' The Reformers
were higher-laiv men. But the great body
of the clergy were fervent believers in the
divine right of /'sings, Emperors, and , the
Pope. They were just like the same sort of
men in our day, for preaching in . Elver , of
the. strong, and calling it Gospel; and when
anybody preached in behalf of the weak and
the poor, they were4nveighed ngalnsc as not
preaching the To uphold tyranny,
to rivet authority, to insist upon obedience
to earthly , rulers as the cardinal virtue of hu
manity, this has brew the marrow of Gospel
preaching, wiatt one sort ormers ' from the
days of Tetzell to the days et Dr. Ross,
who,
being the adulterous son of his owner,
holds and teaches that it was right that his
mother should be a concubine, and that he
should be horn a shirt.
Of such preachers it was that Luther
spoke. And well ho spoke of their throwing
away their Bibles. ' A man preaching fol.
ever low politics has very little need of his
Bible, unless it be to use it, as Satan did, to
tempt God ! ,
Now, in our day, the trouble of Satan,
and the grief of his elect, editorial and niin
isterial, is not that we throw away the Bible,
but that we won't throw it away ; that we
keep it, read it, interpret it, and sound
terrific troths in the ears of those ungodly
men, in pulpit or on plantation, that 'dare
desecrate humanity, and throw into the auc
tioneer's pen,, for hazer and sale, - .thoirfor
whom Christ died. If we would out)' lot
alone the' Bible, we should. be-let alosfe. by
the whole ,synagogue of, Satin. But now,
since the Bible is our tower and fort, and we
open its ports tor the truths of divinity and
humanity, the devil does anything but - laugh.
He sends commercial editors in New York
to clap commercial ministers on the back in
Tennessee, and to say to them, " Do you
search oat all the virtues . to be round in Sla
very, and I will hunt for all the sores and
weeds in Liberty, that both of us together
we
,may betray Humanity." This is the
ech‘ of that which was dune' two thousand
years ago, when thirty pieces of. commerce
on one side, sad a treacherous disciple on the
other, betrayed Christ.
hat.wondor I ' Christ came to declare
the inestimable value of men iu the sight of
God. They ale* him. Ile laid down his
life not only as a redemption, but as a divine
testimony to the value - of tren. They of
fered him dcrown. lie would not take sides
with Kings and Rulers, and they gave him a
cross.
In our day, if ministers would preach the
rights of law, the rights of government, the
privileges of authority, the prerogatives of
masterhood, there would be no outcry about
politics and the pulpit. But they' preach
the vacrednees if manhood, the right* of the
soul and of ttar body, the divine birthright
of the meanest and lowest human creatures;
they up, the vision of the cross, and th e '
groans of Christ are - the voices of liberty to
the slave, and His dying look la the star of
their liberty, teaching thin' the way of eman.
cipation is through manhood, and that the
way of manhood is through Christ; who was
man that man might be encouraged to begin,
and God, that we alight find no end of the
path upward. How, can the servant expect'
to fare better than the muter? Fur taking
the side of men, Christ' was crucified. For
taking the side of men, all nartyrdome and
heroic sufferings have been borne for eighteen
hundred years; and for taking , the side ot,
men against oppressive power Ift our day,
ministers are cursed by those • whose curses
must needs All upon them as blessings.=
We never read the reviling, of ungodly edi.
tore, secular and. religious, without seeming
to bear the benediction of Christ sounding
out from them ! _
A few years aim's , * were bke Daviddriven
Jenuoltuy while Ahithepbel gave own
•••
H. H. FRAZIER, PUBL.ISIIBIL--VOL; S. N . 01 26.
se) then to Absalom.. Then these Shimeis
run along the hill-side and pelted us with
stones. But, already, Ahithopttel was hanged
-himself, and David is on, his way back to
Jerusalem • Absalom Will, before long, grace
the oak With the fairest -fruit it ever: bore,
for a traitor is good fruit to !wig from the
boughs of the tree of:liberty: Now, we give
all Shinicis 'fair and kind warning, 'that they
hid- better begin to ho.econtanical of- their
stones and curses. The! king is miming ovfr
Jordan. - All the Shimeitibad ,better make
haste and eat their words, and , run in with
their repentance quickly. *
XESSAGB CICARLES ROBINSON,
Delivera4 at Topeka, Jima 11 1857.
„
Fellote-CitiFens.of Mt . Senate and goose of Repre ,
Tentative,; • . • .
. You,nre again convened together at - the
expiration of the recess taken by „.. you in Jan,
uary last.. You meet. under evreumstances.
scarcely less, difficult, and no less embar.:
rossing, - than' have tharacteriZed "the' prey tour
meetings of the Legislature.. But your duties
under the Constitution are plain, and the ne
cessity for :talon imperative. ..-• . •
As the representatives
_of the people, you
are : here to tIO the work fur which .they
selected you. The bitter. experience of the
past, has brought nothing with it that could
relieve you of your • responsibility, Every
step in that - experience has- , shown • tbeite
eessity for you to do your work, and' that you.
with calmness, wisdom and determination
prepare those bulwarks on Which the people
may rest their constitutional rights, as Amer.
jean citizens, and keep tlie State Government
in readiness for - - tul Mission into the Union.•
As it. becomes my duty to recommend such.
measures as I may deem expedient for your
action, and to communicate to you the cundi:
tion of affairs in the State, -I .shall endeavor
briefly : to do so.
m , - . : . .• .- . - .
Since
. I .sent my' essage to-you, when first
convened in March, 1856, many important
and startling events have marked and .die.
turbed the current of affitirs. The horrors of I
actual warfiire have exi ted in our nii ---
dst.-
Towns and eitu. have Veen sacked and. burn- 1
ed, and Our citizens have beet' .brutally mur
dered'on.the highways and in their homes.
Alostile enemy on our Eastern bordel has
poured' in predatory band after band, and
army after 'artily, with the design of harass,
ing our citizens, and completing the, subjuza
tion they had begun. • • . . •
....The General Government; which still as
sumes thepower of protection over us, has
basely used that power al the screen under
which it has rendered aid and Comfort to our
enemies, and strengthened the-hands of those ;
foreign invaders who 64411 pretenti .. ll'Ad this
politics! 'power of the peiode, which 'they.
usurped. Nor have your labnrs Or your per
sons been exempt. , "Lawless arrests have
been Made of your meinlient,, 'mid also - of Ex-.
ecative Officers, by -men tv,ho.lidthough they
possessed some power, andilf Many instan
'ees, held positions in connection with the Fed:
eral Courts, • acted With. irregularity and
.in
' defiance of even the rules which they profess
ed to respect. ' --, , •I•
A large and necessary. portion of the la,
- hors of your codifying committee was de.:
strayed, With much other 'property at Law
rence, in Nay, -1856, when . that place was
pillaged and partly burned by u mob brought
there by a United States' Marahil. When
your ixidies."Met pursuant to'adjourninent, in .
July last, your Assembly was broken up by
'a large force - of . United • Stater troops, m . bat
tle.array, who drove you. hence in gross vier
lotion of those constitutional „rights which it'
was their duty to have..prota"Aed. • When
ytu again. convened in January last, at your
regular session, your proceedings .were inter-
I feral withly a Deputy . Marshal, and . ..mau . y
of your members arrested.. . . '''•.
I do hot propose entering intoaininute tie.'
I tail of all the unhappy occurrences that _lin a ge
I marked the past year—occurrences which
I have stamped a page of infamy on the histO
i r of the country. Let me refer you to' the
. ; iiiprehetisiye address prepared by a corn-
mime of the -convention that assembled in
this plaCe oubthe 10tb of March last, for those .
partieu lane an - enumeration -of which would
absorb too much of your time. Suttee it to
say, that owin• to these causes the State Gov
ernment is-not fully organized, and waits in
urgent nectissit for the completion of
. your
work. • ..
The_period for „which you were elected is
drawing to a close. No provision for taking
the census has been made, and no election
law
adopted. Without these, your function
,Agovernment 'be will expire, and with it
,the power of reproducing it- I cannot think
that you will, in' any contingency incur the
reproach of leaving helpless the people who
'Amsted you, or compelling them to recur
through original action to their primary pow
er,-fur those needed steps which it is your.
duty to supply.
In to)! message sent to you in March, 1856,
I enumerated the outlines of the legislation
it would be incumbent on you to frame and
adopt. Let me respectfully refer.you to that
document for these details. ,
. There is one subject of great moment for
our present and future prosperity. The
,pub
lie land ill our midst still belongs to the Gee-
oral Government. To secure these lands, or
all of them that can be obtained,)* a matter
to which we should devote no ordinary atten
tion. The policy hitherto gdopted
. towards
other new States gives, 'us just, grounds , to
look to Congress for a gront of all - the
public lands in our midst. To your enter
prise and endurance its valtie can be traced,
and to rm it rightly: belong& This solo of
much of nur most valuable lands for the be.
half of the Indians, give an' additional craim
on the Govertment for the remainder. Sure
ly the General Government,will not seek- to '
make a speculation on the bones and sinews
of the struggling pioneers, who seek to add,
another State to the confederacy. Let us re.
srctfully urge upon the asseinbled wisdom
of Congress our claim for donations of these
hinds, rand let-us press these claims before the
Government has passed the title; to all
'valuable portionv, into the band/kat specula
tors. No-donation should, b i y t k r ts terra's, con
flict with the claim of a aqua un the soil.
The inanimate fmne-work ofaTwritoriat
Coveritmenr anal exists in - Kansas. While
the popular branch of Congress tias.amePted
our applicaton for admission into,the Union,
tie Senate has still withheld its approvaL7—
in this isolated condition our rights Amer
" ken citizens, under the donstitntion, and our
inherent rights as awls remain , to us. - 'The
Teriitorial Governor, recently sent among tis
by the Jederal Government l in hie inaugural.
has truly said t -
MEMIMEi=IMM
n- .: :n?
INS
=V
ME
1
+
BEI
MINIM
"h is the_people:of: Kansas, - who,. in forms .
tug their .Btatts Csmititution, are to declare
the terms on which they-propose to enter the -
Union..Cc ingress 4:moot compel -the people
of a Territory tei enter the Unite-rail a State
or change *without their consent "the Conithv
-union framed by the people. - Con&teit-ii
true, may for ctnistitutional reasons refuse
admission, but the -.State alone,. in- forming -
her Constitution, .can prescribe , the Aeries
which she will enter the Union. 'This poieer
of the pe‘lple of a Territory is forminge State
Constitunon, is one of Vital impOrtanee, sss-\
pecrally in-the States aimed out ofthe publie
domain. , :.Nearly all the lands efEarisas are . .
public lands, and MCA of them are txreupied . ,
by Indian tribes. - Those Nudger° the prop.
erty Of the-Federal. Governmeot, bat their
right is..exclusively that of a proprietor, - ear ,
eying with it no political , power. - - •
(Tire doctrine here( enunciated is only what
has been, established by precedent, and , reit
erated time and again. In it. we Nivea right
to form a Sate Ccmstitution, arid of necessity,
the complete State organizition,-for which its
specific terms must provide. AL-Congress
has neither the right to frame a Constitution
for us, nor to "change" the same; it must be
apparent 'to all . that they have -no power .
destroy It when e.reated.. Govereor Wallpar
Does even further
,'than this, end further thlin
we have ever proposed going, flir he says that
" the Steie alone, in forming a Constitutien,
can prescribe the terms on which she, will en
teethe Union:Wendy implying that shemay
enter the fUi or not.:-:Under. thew eir
cumstances it is clearly apparent that the
Federal Go vernment; has only sent Governor
Walker as a, Territorial officer to Kansas, -be
cause we have hitherto failed or been unable
to complete th.e organization we -have begun.
In the absenceof the , full and ,vital powers of•
govenunent adopted by the people, this is
merely an'endeavor to carry out the implied
protection.' v • •
Wharenders this more unhappy, Is the
fact that the Federal authorities have never
yet been able to allord us such - protection,
and as there is-no Territorial law
moiled by the as Such, the etecutive
tunction is a meekery. -
..Your first consideration -lithe necessities
of the. people, but beltir'icl that it is year duty
to act with -promptnessi, so asto relieve these
Federal appointeesof atmeiely nominal duty,
that mast be embarrassing and disrespectful. -
to them, I .whilit the unsettled state of affairs
conveys an impressive reproach to those lie
publiean institutions tin -which all our hopes
as a people ientre: In the Inaugural to
which I have'referred,; then: is .a recommen
dation that our people &mike the goirern-,
,esent they have adopted,. and under the man-- -
agernent, of usurping, pretended officials, Seek
to do over again what has been done - .
do*not, think-that any serious - or gen: -
erally entertained desire exists among, oar
people to do so, and,-.-while opinions from
such a source may be entitled' to respect, it
js at, least unfortunate that a Course of action'
in relation to the Constitution, shuuld be
pointed out in the official address of a Federal
appointee, who, in that very address, urges
the right of the people, and their right-alone ;
to take step., tor a State' gosernmert. It is
as clearly ' evident' from that atldress itself,
that Gov. WAIXER has not been sufficiently
conversant with afriirs in Kansas, to warrant
the expression of Opinion on so grave a mat
ter. In , that document he assures us that we
have. everythiug over- which his-Executive
function has no centre', and refrains from ex
pressing any opinion - on the only points for •
whist' we could entertain hopes of his action. 2
You are doubtless- aware that Acting-Terri
tOrial grt.)V. STANTON issued a proclamation
containing an appertiontuent of represents- '
tion for a Delegate -Convention. - That ap•
portionment leaves: nearly one ; half of , Kan
sas without arly. representation, • and ..as, no
census heal:teen taken therei'biany une, they -
will of course,. It•ivnno privilege of- evEn vet- :
Had there- been no State Constitution in -
Kansas, had a fraudulent, pretended Territo
rial liegislature never _originated the steps to .
Which thi.4. Inaugural -referay had- that - action .
come simply from the pe4lpleas it legitimate
ly should, there would still-have beim the
:strongest reasons by all, good - men *mid
refrain from participating in an acts° -grossly , :
fraudulent and .despotic - ati _this-- pretended
census, and `partial .apportionment .under IL
In any event,'such proceedings will • inevita
bly fall to the grourid as lacking in that great
essential, the popular' will, whidt alone could.
give it vitality...: -. ' ' _ . . - . -. ~..-,-. - ' _ .
Although that strange appointment which
deliberately anticipate.) disfranchising - one .
half of the people, waaiwued a week frivolous
to the Inangeral of Governor \\Taman. there
was not the slightest allusion to _it in _th a t
document. And yet the evidenee of. the fact
was of easy access to him. and he .was not
ignorant:of it. What does he -mean- When -
he says, "the law has.performed. its ...entire -
appropriate function when it es-feudal to the -
people the right of suffrage: o -
Has it done so I or, is (Ineznor AVALitait
ignoront of the fact that it has- not It He
t
"Throughout our whble
__Union, owever,
and Wherever free government prev ils„those
who abstain from the exere,P.e of t right of
suffrage, authorize those who do 'Cite tonet
for them in that contingency, and the - absent
.ees are as unich bound - under the law aad
ConstittitioN where' there is no fraud or vio
lent*, ° by the - act of the majority of ;those
who do vote, as thoughall - bad participated
in the election."
It would be needless to tell, you that Mar-
a positkon, however good,-is quite; inapplica,
blot° this saq:elle() census law and "al I ..the
proCeedings under it.. 'li originates in - an '
..usurping (rand. It is not a proposed electioa
to ascertain the• wishes of the people, brit.,a7.
foregone conclusion, Overt. part of which is .
carefully framed to accomplish a certainle.
suit. . But if its applicability cannot be found
In these proceedings, let me suggest where it -
can -be applied.. - talkie . proceeding* under
which the State Constitution was framed and
ratified,
-all the actual vcrttylihad4ho,privilego "
of participating. Men ror all partiea.ditLso,.
and if any ~portion, doeilue4,- it Was„because
they feared to hazard the .poikty:they, were
trying to thrust, on Kansaa to a. popular vote."
are we to reconeitelhe two positions
aft" Federal. laiugursl74rgitioi; the pep...
,ple. alone :Tot ,freely and, fairly ,matte -or,
chat:pillow '.Ccuulit,iaulco, and secondiyithat.
,6 the Territorial Legislature lathe power or
dained;for t4tiorpoioliYAlsvilnited States,
and hcoppoing ii_ you,oppos• Oit iuthority- -
of the FederalgroyernMenV-z , .-f ---
. f - Well knowing that the Limit the
ESE
niliffil
Ell
ME
EMI=
ME
Min
MEI