It
IMMI
E
, •
READ &H. FRAZIER, EDITORS.
toet's
K ART.
She biossweed iv the country,.
Where 'nanny . summer flings
Mc rat aria about the earth,
And brightest blessings bangs.
health *ss her sole inheritance,
• And grace her ooly 'dower
/ never draemed the wiidwood
Contained so sweet a :flow.er. •
Tar diatint Gam the city. • .
; And inland from the eel,
bloomed in goodness,
As pure as pure could Vt.
. She caught her dewy freshness '
From bill and mountain bower:
I never dreamed the Irildwood •
fliantained au rich a flower.
•
The rainbow must hare lent her -
• Some of its airy grace ;
' • The wild make parted with a blnih
That nestled on her fitete.
The onnheamgot entangled in
The lOng wares of her hair.
Or she had never grown to be
. • So nandest and so fair.
- The early birds have taught her .3
Their joyous matin song
And some of their son. Innocence,
Shes , heen with them so long.
, And for her now, if need. be,
Pd part with wealth and power;
I neverldreamed the wiklwood
':1 Contained so sweet. a Bower.
frail)
iv= nox REV. JESSUP,
Taieou, arms, Friday, Nov. 28, 1856.
DZAR Etacernim:—h is a cool, cheerless,l
win'ter's night, very . similar to many which!
you will have in-New Haven;if you are spar... !
edto live there four long years. _ My room
is quite large, Very airy, and somewhat damp
!from the f i let- ' that the floors of cement arc
new and not yet dry, and although we have
me frosts, there is a chilliness. in , the air which
makes it oomiartahle to sit in the thickest of
\ winter dress,, with the addition of a study
gc;wn or an oiereoat. A few days since, the
misimi dime end put up a chimney fur us, but
, our stovepipes are not yet adjusted, so that t i
likhree no flies. WOod is very scarce and
vii v expensiik, but I shall haves fire as soon
as my suite is ready, to avoid the danger of
taking cold in. a damp room: Very few of
The people lick have fires in their houses, and
'nothing` "is more common than to 'sce them
shivering and wrapping themselves in thick
woolen cloaks, - when the , damp West wind
Vows a gale from the Mediterranean. lam
.. -- "somewhat surprised to find it so fool here.
I . iexpect to see snow and ice bi:re iii Tripoli,
behire the winter is over; especially .5% the
, winter has opened wit h great severity.. For
' few days past we' have had a deluge of rain,
With a very Violent wiud. „ Our mail , due by
steamer on tWednesday, reached us to-day,
(Friday,)—and our river, 'Fadisha, is very
high. The amount of snow which has fallen
tipon the to seigain above the cedars, is very
great. It seems like a great white cloud on
the summit' of Lebanon. I wish 'that you
spank& see itifor a moment. The impression_
of steely seer* . would glow in your memory,
•
and he "spy forever." Perhaps fancy may
help you. I Wow?' is nearly 10,000 feet
high, behind Tripoli. West rock is less than
-saw d'ausand. Pile up nine West rocks on
the top of the present one, remove the whole
to a. point j about twelve , miles from New
#arn r and crown the. top - with mow, and
you will have Lebauxin. I have a ride lad
der from My door to the house-top, and Igo
!up upon tbe,terrace several times every day
to enjoy the fine prospect, and walk Mt my
health •.SOrectimes I feel &little lately, and
my infallible remedy -for such a feeling is a
walk on tne terrine, wherel soon Forget my
self in contemplation of the magnificent scene
-the Mediterranean, so' blue and vast and
beautiful-4the gardens, so green and fresh and
lovely—the mountain', so magnificent and
soul.inspiring. No one stio can look upon ,
Such mountains, and bear the roar of the rest-
Mess surf is it lashes the shore, can ever ex
,.use hinutelf tor the indulgence of 'narrow or
desponding thoughts; and the longer Hive
here, the , noris 1 weeder that this Arab race,
so many of whom are gifted with more than
' ordinary intellectual powers, are so utterly .
• :insensible to tie grand
_and beautiful 'in na
, 'Uwe. This deadness
_of the sensitive nature
in this respect, may have. something to do
Nrith their atter - insensibility to the more of
Aiding and momentous truths of our Divine
rather, I may say, it grows out
' Atit; for one friend Yaimi,, who is a ainecte
and whom whole nature leas iseen
*Pm* And rrfined by - the Wham* of the
Holy Spirit, aas as vivid and sensitive an ap.
formation td natural fleattery as any person
! within the eiroleof ray acquaintance.: I love
io walk ,brit with him and admire the scenery.
it is undauntedly tree that many men have
highlyealtivated aesthetic Ware, and a pure
and, exalted appreciation of the heautifid in
every sphere, Arbon religious nature is whol:
lyeelleated. And yet einsist span it, that
'their tage is 130 i as pure, nor,
sasefiesd; as it would be nailer the hdluerice
of $ t 6 " o 6 l .l l relitiouseentinetit A Paint
_ar should ben religiOus man. So should - an
A divine influenee introduced into
- the sp ritual system and permeatug the very
texture of the soul, isinnot' fail to exalt and
:Improve the entire moral * intellectual na.
tore. When a mom heeomea 'Christian, the
-windicurestf his eQul are opened,* light and
beauty am* pouring in from every visible
iihjeetli*miett: the In world miaisters
to lie veering Urn fig th e highest Autos of.
heist knee beemning Ist
ntnt ora!t - etierseil with theinthevelstioa at
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I do not believe that an infidel can appreciate
real beauty. ' ,
SAiIIRDAT, Nov. 29.—0 n Monday morn
lag of thii week, we heard of the arrival of
Mr. Wood, the: American consul - general of.
Beirut. He had been tOßaalbee and tbeleed
ars, and arrived here just at the beginning of '
a violent . storm of wind and rain. : Had be
been detained. a day longer, I fear that he
would have been expOsed to great'. suffering,
as wecao See clearly from here "...that an'im
mense quantity' of snow has fallen around and
above the - cedars. Before -Mr. Wood reach
ed Tripoli; his Jaeizary, a Moslem' from Bei
rut,,died on the road. As. he died
. at a vil-
Inge of Maronitesi a sect of bigoted Papisbc 1
he could not be buried there, and the body'
was brought hero fir interment in the Moslem
cemetery. Ii i. 4 not customary fur •" infidels"
i (as ail Christians are called) to attend the re
-1 ligious ceremonies' of the MoWirrtn edans;
I but, as ITahmond the .Innizary had been a
1 faithful servant, and, the consul was greatly
attached to him, we madearratigements with
1
;Mr. Wood, Yanniqtr.d several others, to go
to the funrral. It was a .special - favor,, that .
•. we i were permitted te i attend, and we .willing
ly embraced the opportunity, as We hail nev
er witnessed bifore, and t•lay tint soon Wit
itcs again, this peculiar rito° of the Mobant-
I medan religion. The'lx)iiv was brought to
i the city on Monday eiening. Immediatelv:
.tier its arrikal i it was taken to one of the
Moslem " prayi g places" by twl'i men who
,attend to this pat ot the ceremony, and it is
said that they Sat up all night and read the
...
`Koran for tl e edi teetiOn of .the departed.—
The teacher tells me that thllprnfess to read
all night,' but mobably sl;ep the greater part
i of the time, on 'theprinciple that "dead men
tell no tales." : . .
~ 1 ; •' . s
When the, Moslems in the city heard that
Ithe American. Consul intended to attend the
I funeral of his- Moslem servant; they were
i l greatly surprised; and. from what we could
L learn seemed very, notch pleased that so much iIJ
i notice should he. taken of them. And all
i though it was an unheariof thing that ft Frank
should attend their religions ceremonies, they .
seemed highly gratified to see a person of
1 some offtial distinction manifesting so much
real sympathy and affection for a person of
I, a different religion_. You 'who live in the at
-1 tnosphere of a i Christian land, where nothing
is more common than that persons of differ
'
out religious denominotions should cherish
the warmest affection aird friendship for each
other, cannot underStandr the intensity „and
rancor of religious Kati which exists between
persons of differentreligiotta accts. The Moss
, lem hates the nominal Christian', and the
thristian,.hates.the Moslem. Trib. Jew hates
and is hated by both. The Greek curses the
Catholic, and the Catholic curses the Greek.
Each teaches his children to hate every other
wet, .and '. you can .well understand how this
hatred, so carefully and constantly enjoined
upon -the 'Child, both hy precept and example,
becomes at length a settled habit, and a source
of :much of the unhappinesi and ill feeling
I which prevaillbere in the East. No' one ex
pects a person of different religion to be capes
ble.of cherishing any other feeling than one of
hatred towards himself. It. was, then, a mat
ter of great surprise toall of the Mohammed
- ens to bear that a Franks and a Protestant,
too, cherished such kindly feelings towards a.
fellow Mohammedan, and the4c.ame togetls
, er. in great numbers to the funeral, knowing
that the consul would be there.
At nine o'clock, on Tiii.sday morning, con
sitl Wood ser.t us word that he . Was ready,
and we at ones went with him to the " school,"
as the /dosleir's call
. it, or " Praying place,"
to witness the singular 'eeremony. I was
about to style it a "performance," for the
strange and novel nature of the whole affair
was such; that I could hardly believe 'that it
had reference to the awful and solemn ser
vices of a funeral.
_A large: crowd 'was as
sembled in asmall yard of a triangular shape,
about fifty or sixty feet in length, and . per
haps forty feet in width next:lo the street.—
This yard war paved_ with stone and surround
ed by a high stone wall on: two sides, the
third side being the building used fur a school.
and a place Of prayer. A tree ,steed on the
left side.,And in the farther end of the yard
there was an - elevated "space about twelve
feet square., and nearly - two feet in height
above the pavement. :
,The whole . interior of
the yard wait crowded with people as we en
tered. It was a motley crowd. I have not .-
seen a better exhibition of Moslem physiog ,
•
twiny and Oriental costume, to say nothing
of the ceremonies. There were Moslems
from Southern Egypt, with (sees as black as
•inthracite,-Wearing huge white turbans and
flowing robeit; and pale, taitqsltinned Moslem
young mertf . and boys,. with the traces of the
beauty , oftheir 'Onuussian mother!' in their
ice', seeming to flaunt their ptirple and scar
let Tobes v iti proud contempt of us foreign in
fidels. Arid then there were men ot a Chi
nese completion and east of eountenance,and_
indeed almost every abide from charcoal . to
chalk. • - flome seemed intelligent and intel
lectual, bid the great miss 'were coarseEsen
inal, tutartlesslooking men, whobtict Come to
lake some irart. in, the cermnoii,.. that , they
might have some part in the pay. - 1 counted
fifteen mei who wore green 'turbans. • The
grmiturbin is'aind.to be won only by the
Onesiteezeedants - ofthe 'prophet Slcksimmed,
and
. if, , thisiis_true, I am sure that there were
armee torenibers.of.his' • natmerouslunily per.
eat; whore eves Mohammed. would-be eslaum;
ed.lo'oo4 - - In many pirtifiti 114'1'4, Ail an
,
1P: 3 , 1 4 . .OA ; 1 0 9 0. Oilif - ,4 ., ' 1 040 -
-110 #4**,
b e ffi r s; : 1
0 4S'. 4 tDefert. , 0 1 4 0 4,414N,"..114
otpißtgsZ.ON . ago : n' . 00.N4 io.ia[lZts.l:"Et4L.aVkßu . AMC) *OotAa-0"
chum of a descent from such an ancestor
seems to he lost. I have even heard it as
serted that men belonging to 'other families
have donned the green turban, *a that it has
ceased to be a - mark of distinction, in some
places. But in Tripoli, but few innovations
have been made, and it isprobably genuine,
though I doubt not it will soon become, as it
is elsewhere, a mere form, something like the
title of Esquire, or General, which sometimes
.
becomes attached to persons in Aprenea with
out any assignable reason. The day
_may
come in Western America, when thedeseend.
ants of Toe'Smith and Brigham Young will
be known by .the green turban, or settle oils=
er equally - expressive mark of distinction.—
It is the sacred color of the Moslems of the
East, nnd. ifnot the sacred color, it is certain
ty a very. appropriate one for thi3 Moslems of
the West. I also observed twelve blind men
in the crowd. - They are con s idered to be a
kird of saint or sacred character among the
Moslems, and are .alwayi present when any.
religious ceremoay is performed. One ob
ject of their attendance is that they- may as
sist in . the. exercises, but the chig objeet is to
receive the Usual bucksheesh, or present of
money. Poor creatures l s Blind in body and
blind in soul, they are truly of of sym
pathy. .And when e
. they passed out of the.
gate in the processi. - .n, one groping his way
•allead and the
. rest following, holding on to
eneh'ether, the act seemed a most fitting rep.
resentatioti of the true nature of Islamism,—
the blind leading the blind. .
Soon after our arrival, the sheikh of all the
Moslems in Tripoli, came in with his attend
ants.,4 He had a tnignificent countenance.—
Hisall commanding figure his piercing black
i )
eye his clear lofty brow, and his long snow.
wFt* , •. beard, formed a perfect picture. My
_idea of the majestic appearance of Moses, or
Aaron, was never realized 'until I saw this
venerable sheikh .useend the elevated. place
at the oppoite end of the yard, and take his
seat among the,rebed and turbaned Moslem
Priests. One of the old prophets seemed in
deed to have .risen again.
: The time had new come flier the beginning
of the ceremony. The body of the.deceased
was/brought in And laid upon &low table to
be washed ind purified for burial. Men ate
pointed for the purpose proceeded "with the
washing, pertaining and dressing 01 the corpse,
while: the priests and sheikhs and blind men
1
eommenced eh:toting. singing and groaning
Prayer: and extracts, from the Koran. At
first several old men with flowing beards stood
up in a row_ and repeated in a low, solemn,
gutteral tone the words,' La allah ilia allah,"
There istio God but God. They :peke slow
ly and their deep-toned abices sounded like a
dirge. , It had a singular effect upon us all,
and was, . the most solemn and impressive part
of the ssrvice. Next came a kind of tespons
lye chant sung or. wailed . by the sh ikhs and
blind men. We could not distinguish many
of the ' words, bt:t they seemed to belittle
else than "Mehammed'and " Allah." Dur
ing
this time the ova-ping of the body pro.
.seeded. It was washed several times and
then clothed fur burial. : According to cu.o
torn, it was first enfolded in a white. shroud
then in a green one. A. piece of the calamus,
or reed, a few inches in length was fastened to
the neck. Within the reed was a paper in. -
scribed with extracts from the Koran. The
face was closely veiled. Within the 'outer
shroud was placed a tin
. tray- : containing ot
.4ar:of Roses, an herb for colering red, and in
cense gum. What 'lick. arc all for, is more
than I can tell. The doctrines* of the Koran
with regard to a future state are so thoreugh
ly sensuous; that they bestow upon ti e body
alone, that care in ptirification which Christi
anity teaches us belongs to the , soul. While
observing these . arrangements our attention
was arrested by
_a singular: commotion, at
tended by a more singular isbund; on the ele
vated platform occupied by the chief sheikh.
The whole elevated space was crowded 1
with Moslem priests,Eftendisimil Sheiks,who
stood surrounding the venerable sheikh who
sat in the center. Each one of them had his
eyes shukhis hands folded; his head turned .
backward and a little to one side; and, keep
ing- time . with astonishing' exactness, they
would throw their beads -ferward with a sud
den jerk, at the same time uttering a most
.hideous sound,very much like the growl of a
wild-beait. It is; very difficult for me to des
cribe it. You may imagine that the leader
' of this, strange chorus, was beating " double
. time,"'and, saying "down, up," " &tee, up,"
giving the 'down stroke a most .fiatiful em
phasis:- The crowd followed him,using for the
down stroke, a hoarse explosive growling'
Sound, and fur the word "up," the name of
God', " Allah"—aomewhat thus: "Bctie
'Allah," Bow—Allah," the growl being ac
companied. with a sudden angular jerk of the
head from one side to the other, and an ex
pression of . countenance (the eyes being
closed) Which wartreelly frightful. This was
kept up for half an hour, and it really . seem
ed as if we were witnessing the wild dance of
, a sett infernal spirits. I shall
. never fur.
jet thOmpression made Upon my mind by
that demoniacal ctrl. At tunes wu so
peculiar that Mr. Wood asked me . if there
was atitests engine in the next:lot, be hatr
ing Supposed until then: that the beam husky
abrupt sound wax made by the emir -pipe
of a steam engine.: It did not seem possible
Ault such.seenes could, beenseted by any oth
esr thanittoMnate demons.:- law* most're.
j'aitiiiiriari . ffightS.olt - Sad: each !nutrient -t*
dine more and more so ai tha Stint* -
/mdse. the liteleeke**-0144 110 1 , 409 0 : ,
- OP centostioes, 0107 atiCipiess Of
MONTROSE, THURSDAY, MARCH 5, 1857.
countenance more sudden and confuked.—
And then In the mid 4 of all, some "chief
singer" from one of the mosques struck up a
high yet slow and plaintive air,aii a prayer.
I doled my eyes and listened. The sound
is indescribible-4zonfusing and fearful. And
while I stood amazed . that the religion, or
Mohammed,_(which is claimed by' Its sae
ries to be a system of extreme .simplieity,)
countenance such a heathenish if net fiendish
performance. I also felt sad think that
these fellow mnrtals, journeying on with me
to Eternity, are the victims of soul-destroy
ing error. Who can estimate what fanaticism
and spiritual blindness, what _hatred of eve
rything good and pure and telly, what bitter
demon-like animosity toward our Divine
Redeemer, abide nud increase and burn in
the hearts of all this multitude! " Father,
forgive them 1"
After the body was washed and clothed in
the two-fold shroud, the dancing and singing
gradually died away to a faint-murmur,- and
the coffin was brought. As the Moslems do
not bury the coffin with the body, the same
wooden box is used on all occasions, as a
hearse is in our country. ‘Tbliebox is Of
rough boards, open at the-top, with a wood
en ball , at the head about eightech inches in
height:, After the body was Oaeed in this
box, it was taken from the yatd, and placed
upon the bier which wus awaiting it in'the
streetwhithert he crowd of olfeikhs and effen
die and blind men immediately repaired. A
highly ornamented cloth cO / Vering was , then
, thrown over the coffin, filers were placed
within and upon it,and a turista precisely sim
ilar to the one worn, byilthe deceased, was
wound upon the wcxxlenlbalt: iThe bier was
then taken upon the, shonlders of four men,
and the funeral . processiO was formed. In
advance were two menhearing large Turk
ish flags inscribed withiCxtorects from the Ko
inn. Then came the crovrd'uf Pheikhs and re
ligious officials, walking slov1), and chanting
a prayer in deep,solen:M t prolonged gutturals.
So many villas repeating the same words in
\ perfect time; gave it stiVery imPreasive effect.
Iln the rear of the pr4eession,
,(or crowd,' its
there was no order +at it) was a mixed up
multitude of modems . and christians, many
of whom bad come tai' see . the consul rather
than the . funeral. lya were behind all the
rest, and sornewle4 separated from them.
As we passed out og' the city . gate, a crowd
of Moslem women fits od with their veils half
drawn aide et) look et the•consul; and just as
we passed, they bur!at out into the most pit
, coils sobs and criesi' as if 1 oor llahmood had
been a relative of them all; but the moment
we were out of sigiit around' the curner,their
sorrow seemed to +age by_magle: The ob
ject of their wailing was that they might
make a display of itympathy before the con
sul. The fountains: of tears in this land, lie
very near the outface. -We followed the
crowd through the . .. cemetery to the large
lifr-qug outside of the city, where the body
was placed in the door and a prayer chanted
over it. We entered the outer court-yard .
of the Mosque, not expecting to proceed
further, and - waited until the crowd had pas
sed, out. Our position was directly .in front
i of the huge folding doors which open into the
mosque, and '
as the. attendant was closing
them, Yanni askalllr. : Wood if be would
like to go in. 14 replied in the affirmative,
and several of thekawasset of the consul,who
are mosle,ms, Went forward at once, inviting
us all to go in and examine the interior.—
We proposed confo r ming:to the custom of
removing the shori, but they said " no, it is
not necessary," coin we all went, with our .
shoes on, and walied from ode end of the
beautiful buildinw - to the other. The floors
e., t
1 1 are all of polishe marble and fine mosaics,
and the columns. Which support the roof, are
1
all ancient gmniti - and '.porphyry columns
from the Roman ruins in the vicinity, and art
I surmounted by aipitals of white marble,
1 which bear the marks of great 'antiquity.—
In the extreme center' of the ' MooqUe is a
dimly lighted mein containing two beautiful
tombs of polished! marble, and in the main
room is a pulpit With a stair-case, and above
it an old inscription in-Arabic, said to be five
hundred years old. Nothing Can be more
severely simple than the interior of a- Mos
que.. Not a pictOre, net a chair, or etiehion
=simply the uttiulorned walls and naked
flaoro.' Yet the d iralls of the nominal chris
tian churches areleovered with pictures and
crucifixes,' and the candles, candlesticks,' cen
sers and images about the altar remind one
of the display mtide by a Herr Meaander or
Signor Blitz in their fiats of legerdemain.—
This is one of the rerms why the_ Moslems
so justly charge ';the Greeks and Maronites
with idolatry, and despise them.
When . we came out '
of the Mosque, we
fotintthe Mosletes quite stricken with amaze-
Ment that we had walked into 'their sacred
place so uncereutonioesly; bat they said noth
ing on account of their gratification at fact
that the consul had expressed so much inter
est in a Moslent,servant as to attend his fu
neral. When the body was laid in the grave,
the face was turned toward Mecca, and an
&urn or priest approached and addressed the
dead as fofloww ' -
"Thou servant of God, -thou son of my
*smut and my nation, if theni come to you
this night the tiro snekb_founkirand Nekir,
the merciful and your companies', (Peace
=to them front God,) and sit nixie • your
body sad ay:: ;. 4 . W ; tio is your Lord I What,
111 year rune:4od in whet: fititb . 41d. you
dist' : /N) not or: Or Ali* (ran AWN but
sty, God* ski; I•ced is truth, sad. Moos!
fried is m 7 r ia e; 10 Mf&!eof!-.o\rs,,PAt'
lee (or point to pray oerarde) and the imam
is my high priest, an • prayer ' is my duty,
and Mussulmeri, my brothers; and : 1 and
"14 Allah
you will 'over my,
There is'no God but God; and testify that
Mohammed is His Servant and Apostle'," &e.
These words I have. translated from the
Arabic paper giren to Yanni by one of tin
Moslem scribes whootoolt it from the priest,
and wrote it out for him. We did riot wait
to see the -conclusion, but returned home
with Mr.. Wood at half put ten, in a rain
storm.
We heard during the' ay that the matter
was the subject of conversation and dimen
sion throughout the city. What the effect
will be upon the Moslems, we cannot say,
but there is every evidence that it will dia.
pose thorn kindly toward us, as they all -say
that an' American is the first person whom
they have ever known to manifest anything
like respect . or affection fur a poor Moslem.
We earnestly hope that it may tend to soft
en some of their prejudices.
Mr. Wood paid all of the expenses of the
funeral ; and to give you some idea of the
nature of these expenstli, I will copy the
account made out by Yannl'a Moslem
servant, and which 1 have just translated
for Mr. Wood. The translation 'is worelit.
eral than beautiful - 01nd the perusal of it is no
small test of one's gravity, notwithstanding
the nature of the subject.. What can he
more ridiculous than the item XXIV, where
a el:Cargo of :iterate is made by the man► who
whispered in the ear of the corpse', It seems
like a burlesque, but Lean assure you that it
is all true.
The funeral expenses of llalimood,the Jan
izary of the American Consul .
1. To the of Sheikh Mahmixxl, thei
price of their singing and praying, $l,OO
2. To Sheikh Mohammed, the owner of
" KahwOokjee," or" long hat," the
price'of hie singing and praying, 1,00
3. To the greatSheikh Reachid, the
• price of his singing and praying, 1,00
4. To Ali the pilgrim—a Moslem saint, 20
5. To the Menschid, the chief singer, 20
To Omar Kodovaha, also a chief
singer, 21
i. To the Sheik!: flareer,t hesilk Sheikh,
the expense ef the flags and drapery, 21
S. To the attend - ant at the Mosque, 21
9. For the" Mowenness" or" coinfort.,--
ing companion," a paper enclosed in_
a hollow reed and fastened to the
neck of t* corpse, -
10. To the blind Sheikhs and the beg ;
gar Sheikhs, a customary buck.
sheesh for their prayers and attend
ance, about ten cents each,
11. Price of the green cloth,
12. Price of the white cloth,
13. Price of the apron, vail, and cotton
wadding,
14. Coarse soaps and perfumed soaps,
15. Cloth garment,
-
16. Price of a tin tray containing Otter
of Reses,lienne,(an herb for coloring
red;) Leefe, (fur washing,) and in
cense gum,
Wood fur beating the water used in
washing,
Zeubuic and Renjis, flower• used
over the body and left over it at the
grace, 12
19. Wages of the two men who -watch
ed during the night with the body,
and read the Koran for its edification, 40
20. To the sons ofnaroode, or " sons of
a gun," for washing 6tc.,and digging
the grave, • 1,60
21. Mule load of sand fur the grace, 04
22. Wages of the' muleteet from the
town where Rahmood died &e., 1,68
M. Use of towels from the public
baths (l) 12
Wages of the Sheikh who whisper
ed in the ear of the corpse about the
angels &c.
rall
Total
One would judge from this that the zeai
or some of those concerned in the ceremonies,
RIM awakened by something other than a re.
ligiows motive.
During the rest of the day (Tuesday) we
had high winds and a heavy rain storm.
Wednesday, November .26, was a cool
cloudy day. Ir. the morning we went with
Mr. Wood and Yanni, to eall,upon . the Eng
nab consul and the Governor. The Govern
or_ is a weak old man, a Turk, Whose elves
are not numbered and who drinks too much
liquor fur the good of himself or his people.
Lorer.zo and I were interpreters fur Mr.
Wood, and the interchange of compliments
was so ludicrously Oriental, that neither Mr.
Wood, the Governor, nor ourselves could re.
(rain from laughter. For instanee,the Gov
ernor told Mr. Wood, that he boped that he
would live forever. - Mr. Wood replied, ex
pressing his wilph that the Governor might
live still • longer than that, and ever enjoy
peace and prosperity. The Governor then
expressed his sympathy with Mr. Wood, in
being so fir away from his family and Mends.
Mr Wood replied that the friendship of the
Governor ni a great measure made upp, fur the
absents, of friends, &c., &e The Governor
told us that he would Ball upon us. An an
nouncement which we thanked him fir, but
which does not render us peculiatly anxious
to continue the acquaintance. However, we
shall not be wanting in courtesy to the Mos.,
lem Governor, and if he comes, we will en.:l
tertain_birn witlicoffee and music sod darter*
reetypes sod inspa j jma Emit non as
may seem beat. Lie Is- In same raspaeta an
kiti#l4s l 4 I,ancikatwitikabnifillol l o. l lo
0.144.4
:14
owla
. , ,
1 • • . , . , ~.
~, .. , - . •
4. , - •
H. H. FRAZIEti PUBLaISHERVOL:B.---4140:111,
• 7 --. -• - :-- • ..-- '::.-- ':-,,,,,-, v• '1' , 4,W: ,--, -- -0 r. -
• ' -_. . . _ . - . . .
the 1000Sidq. of A 40540;.
MR. SIMEON - 1; CHASE'.
Of Onstanabanne County,
Is the ileum of Repraeldidgm' • of
e Peleteribroillie
Mioaro 1E57, ow the Rersheloyee , blobs* b
the oiroireir • of limas Oda tAr Prdsord,roon.
Mr. CHASE said :--
Mr. Sexista-1 ask the indulgence of this
House, to make a fear remarks upon these
resolutions, and I would not - do so, did I not
think the qtiestion of the admission of. Kan
sas, one of the most important thathas men ,
pied the attention of Congress for many years
—a question; the decision of which will give
character and impress to our evil and politi
cal institutions for years yet to come. And
in the few remarks I have to offer, j will en-.
deavor to pursue such a course—l will try to
beso cool, so calm and unimpassioned. - ---thet,
gentlemen, in this House, who di ff er with me
in opinion, will are no occasion to cry to
me " bleeding Kansas:" . •
Gentlemen upon this floor, sir, would fain
have us believe that this question Is all set.
tied—that, forsooth, because . a majority of
the people of Pennsylvania, at her last elec
tion, gave their votes for James Buchanan
fur President, that, therefore, they have given i
their unqualified verdict, of approve) to the
repeal of the Missouri restriction—have given
their verdict in &cot of the principle recent-
ly promulgated,-that Congress has no right .1
to exclude shivery in its territories. 'lsi s
question settled? settled ! ! I tell, you,. Mr.
-Speaker, this question can never, 'sever be
Settled until Kansas is. admitted into this.
,
Union as a free State. I repeat it, iiii, it can
never be settled; until every foot of soil ern
braced In the original Missouri restriction. IS
placed beyond the reach o f the slave holder's
-grasp—beyond the influence of this dreadful,
horrible, execrable despotism.
This territory, Mr. Speaker, Is a part. of
the original Louisiana purchase, fertile in its
soil, abundant in its resources, salubrious in
climate, and richly miaowed by nature with
all that contributes to a growing and prosper
ous State. \
By an act of Congress passed more than a
generatione ago these fair and fertile plains
were forever ifediented to freedom and free
labor. The men ohioit day, in their wisil m,l
and actuated by an earnest desire to arrest
arty further extension Of human slavery, de
creed that its mildew blight should never I
darken, nor its bloody tread stair., this fair
territory. ! \- I
In 1819, Missouri, idler a, protracted .and
heated discussion, was admitted as a slave
State, with a proviso, however,\ that slavery-I
should never exist in all the remainder of the
~ province of Louisiana, with and west of!
1 Missouri, and north.ef the parallel`3B" and
cal min. north latitude. , \ 1
The vote upon this queition in the Senate.
was thirty for the proviso to fit een Igiiinst,
levery negative vote being- from ncinsine
holding States: _thui it seems to have been
principally a southern measure. and oppiised`
by many of the northern members not that
they did not want the prohibition In the re
maining territory, by any mein% but they
were unirilling to allow one inch of it to be
polluted by slave labor. They were oppni
ed, and rightly opposed, to any . comprionlie
with wrong, and had they unitedly adhered
to - this determination, the stars and stripes of
our glorious confederacy would not now float
in shame over so much snit desecrated by
this heathenish systeni.
This prohibition remained upon our statute
books up to 1854, when Congresa, praised
by all the mighty enginery of Pr e sident
Pierce's administration, declared it void. The
eouitry had rested so securely upon this con.
pact fur such a loth number of years, that It
wawa regarded as an insuperable barrier to the
paissge of the master and slave, and like the
Medo-Persian laws, unchangeable.- Sueltim
plielt confidence was placed in it that the very
introduction of the bill to take it off, by Sen.
ator Douglas, clone like a thunderbolt upon
'the country, sending an electric shock that
thrilled every nerve throughout the\ lingtb
and breadth of the entire North. Meetings
were . d, conventions called,. resolutions
pas. /remonstrances signed, and but one
unit ~ v ". retest went rip from every hill and
dale iroughout the entire free States against
this iniquitous measure. . •
Niiw l sir, inexpedient as all must admit
it to have een, whence the necessity of so
high banded an' outrage I Had the prohibi
tion of slavery in the old northweetern • terri
iory, now composing the five flonrishing
States of.Ohio ' Indiana. Illinois,Michipran mud-
Wisconsin, worked hie - 11y 1 Hail these States
complained ? Were they not as flourishing
as-their sister States upon the opposite side
of the Ohio? Now, so far as 1 disenvered at
the time, but one reason was 'rived, worthy
of attention, and that was its eTeonsiitu lion
anti.' Not that this was the bonajfile reason
foe sh bold a step, by any means. The, real
reason was this : The South bad found it nee.
essro7 to their ascendency in our national
councils, and to hold that political power in
our government which Led always - been in
their grasp, to possess more territory •from
which to carve slave States, and no portion
ofour domain was fairer for this purpose than
Kansas. But in order to gain their ends, of
course that- "impassible gulf;" the Missouri
i Compromise. must be removed ; • and tia, to
do this, some plausible pretense must be used,
the new dogma that k Congress has no tonsil
tutiotud right to. restrict slavery, christened
"popular sovereignty," was seised- as the
happiest expedient to cheat and defraud the
honest yeomanry of our lard. A great many -
*other oleo pretences, of coon*, were Used ;
but this was the principal one. . . '
Now, it seems-strange, that men of tried
ability and experience, and sound legal minds,
should' question the ctinatnutionabty ;of an
act prohibiting a - relation whit:bean nave". es.
Ist under natural or common law s and which
Is. well known , and generally taeanded, to
be a great moral and - political Curse to any
State In which it is tektite& - -
Its consiittitirty, sir, sippearalvident to.
me in four pole of view eitherof which _l o ts
strong euengh tteconviiiee any reasonable
mind, aid oti -together becomes sooverpow.
ring, that I only Wonder any man eves titer*
ttaint:ere douht open it. ~. -, • i . ... ~
- An - Ikstienauted at tharittiannitena by
:attlei-eteand -- end ctitiierkientitteltilimmt al'
whom werolottioeit .!jtotiettot
.tiarwd
ill
be4ikolt.t . • twist sec,
vh4
,--- , - P ;•'4. 4. ~, ~, . 0.
..v.
2,62
33
55
34
07
08
I $12,54
REDIAMES
-OF
,-, - - 1. - ;-;;." . :: . :...' ,-- ..' 1,
----7:
thisminiPeri Bali lite' at:W* 4 ,• • -
- deka( our iiiition;thit'Aithrilie Jamie •
'eatisfaitaly : - lii to weihrie.tisiONSitkill -
court - ilf kWh* Well lialet*Witisteklittlis .
&es of legeminds. 1 1 =, 'i - . --•,.
Again, ill ' the' Wt legielittiier biderm at
tbit lidinedi
our nation, *Om wad
Marion Of - Polk, - et bet ette ta!li * -11101111
of none - idea of thilitit Ot 1 . 411 .
'elide daverY in its tineitMiss", I. teilideitetaldf,
when dm uninteveeptid bgdl l4oo4 7 lll r ..
any Campy allfttiv atif firiMifirneriti
bat beetreepestedlytiftheiVirn
'courts or oat; catustryi,os-ipituar ipri
need be soightof tbatprlnelpWirom
alit,:._ 1 `• - ' ; ''*
''
' ''
' ''-'
''.
futtlier,th*lA
e * of the COnstltstiell
give to - Congeiteaespreses power . 41 torinalieridi
needfiit rule* and reguletiemelee 1$ Writs ,
ries r and surely I need not, seep to among
the very frivolous arirnient - fregetwalretil.
ranted that this gives poweeto legislate about •
the land or soil, but not to regulate dais*.
ernment of the inhabitants!, whin' MU& in
vent jurists and comtrieritators aii Chamilaw
Kent in his C.ommentarieaon Atiesiteni - tait s •
gives it as his opinion, citing ettoreirof did&
ions of the Supreme Court of - thOinillaii
States and othereciurts,to support it,thatthle
chile gives absolute and uscesalified pritle!
to Congress to legislate upotreity cireiti!et4le
Its territories. ' - ' ' S'• - r" '
• But a further mom foe the eonstfintlatill
ity of the Compromise was that it- proldhited
an institution which robs maxi of hissimieirMill -
and Ooditivec rights, and civil libeelyorliklii
it is the first end great objeet.ot our Cotellt•
team to - secure to every one, regililhtee If,
Mee or color. - ' '
' `,:',V. - , '4
,
Now those who traitintein the •_tnatisie 4 '
this proposition must, of course, *Akre". .
the Cmstitution of the traltellitatei noliptil.
:es slavery ; that it' is net, - el bac liss, Jo:
peetedly decided by went* tift this Ilksidrillit --,
States, end has always - been beliaid'ult tali*
very recent period, the mature( of- Teat Or
municipal law, but' nisei- reithouelavOnd
wherever the flag of our country ie avee r titete
the master may take and hold his slays 004
la
if; might be.permitted to frame a sylisetien
In order to vieluee this iirgu meat to a
form, as It is always sister to answers ,
gement so formed, it wield be this t- - -
'lle Constitution of the United Stages ml
ognixes and alkeire humeri slaw., ; bare', bp .
virtue of it, in all territories utder jarlidie.
tint of Congress. slavery may exist. The
lifieweiri Compromise prOhibited siavery lit
such territories, therefore it was uncoostita.
them!. Now thettitaididleulty 'with it&
syllogism,.fsir as it appears' urn the: feeler .
• it, is that the premises are not true; •Imit far
from it, air, that, * my bumble `opinion ft
- prohibits it, and I think• * Richmond, ifis.,
.quirer accepted the - only exuilstent =sew
for the i edrocites of slavery - when It laid
4 Slavexisted•above the Constitutionand
independently of it -liind that they _Owning
the advocates of slavery) Only weakened their
cause by relying upon it." • " : 1 -
Our Constitution, *wording to that treat
constitutional expounder and &feeder, DM-
no. Wsurta, le a 'recorded fumiamentell
law." . Now, In ceder to robed' these el us,
who have studied the seleme, end fur *tie
formation of new who lave sots, "=pop
very briefti to review somtaittbe Airiest&
r\ PrinelPta "of law , that IP S il,rli. -4 . 1 *
abled to better tmderstand the titeenlairef
our Coustitution and the; object of letwideli•
:ion. \ • - , -
I.aw, in its general signification, are
all aware,voi a :ulna' . applied& sae
tb an objects \ ; but in its restricted istietvit
is a rule of *man setion=the higheatintiv
natural kw, thewill of man's-
Blackstone, wisse wiitings are of irrititiiiido
authority and' celeberity, upon rettFpoott
ty's edition. says: \
"The law of nature; being word with
mankind, ant dictated\by
coins% superior in obligationiiiinriidant..=.
It is binding beer allthe in all onus.
tries, and at all times.. N ' human tirel'ato .
Warily validity if ',contrary to,' ;hie. tied in*
of there as are valid, derive '2ell 'lair Bute' -
and all their authority, mediatrly-or hums&
ately,,fmm this originai.” y' •
N
Now I need not say that by natitrat lair -
there can. be no such' relation astithstiorlind
slave; have the same right to ea t ':drink s
and enjoy the fruits of the earth ;",
and - his
.Iply - because men ansuo onenamitnit#,Self.
hill that they will not, enjoy their. own tights
ao as not to ezelude otheri; that an bgtmlit
laws are needed foe - each other.; rviteittiois: \-
The first4nd. great object , of hinneat:liar.
eceording to the same author; ; i* , tultoteet
individuals in the enjoy meat of their tiasOltitt;-- \
rights, which were retie in 'To
them' the-1M- \
mutable laws btu tnro. "'
soul security, personal litietty awl property.
or, in the languarirof the Immortal Neva:
tion of Independence, 'We, liberty;siad the
pursuit of happiness"—are all. ruthlessly
trampled in the iluA by our {system of tbit
mastic slavery.
Again, municipal law is deStied to Ve_ -. a I,
rnleof civil couduct, prescribe& by natipiettie
power in a State. commanding what Is tight
and prohibiting' whet is wrong: l l
Then, our Constitution airing thstitiblimill.
tel and highest Ilttr of oar lend, musk blithe
1 highest guardian of every mitt's itbsolote
rights; to protect, isktich o iF the,arst srollifea!
object of all law I,4moeti; any AlSlglent Altas et.
titer takes array- any uf • **et riglialloOdis
to Recurs them is unoonstitationalw-%llmse, so
far from the Constitatien iftegaisirig or al.
lowing slavery; the very object of itnadup•
lion was to peevent it ; and it -.111/41* * la do
this, where It basjusisdkltioo, It to home Ii
is not allowed to twerelostwi Isithatte pew.
et,- or those .4.11% shouldotteesteikdiscallat to
their auti And their oaths, !Ow it to o,l*l
inactive.
_ •
Again, eh; he - lane* rededet the Ides
thei it eseethieeelinvery; - _6* ihlie:lie4e bet
find the wards slave c tesster mei ilneweet
est the'entive instrimient; Wale - lett *ode.
sentences a* 0010 'estitilisethat , idieral us
the sternistrytiselk Omit it doerr'eai egret wee
never tntenoredkreosnius it,
' W tle.,tr;,* Bl C A tiii:Pilii*b**4s file
694 thingwifitei three *knee of theefieent
fir t oftheCoestititil*lielese
a.' th steered* hhiednintot littetti VII
. 1 4" 96 04 11 '' Atialy.ii elk - ibiv a 680,
*bisisidnpollitkilit :Whet ietillifibe4yl
Nowoheastiii kin itoOditsys
- 1 - 10 - 04.000;iiiiniiiii,irlikottilii he
ak -16 0 1 0.0 1 0. 1 1 1111111
404
,so
isWtOittitelinitiek iiie - imig _ f
a.
- to owl 9 ,iftpder.fe iria•
, :fliiisr: vmoroi - tif, - : sto
' - VirMikiiii pott r ei s .
WSJ
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