=I
II
MEI
M
itEAD.ed IH,;H FRAZIER EDITORS.
1.)O c 4. CoNo.
.• ; I.* he Republican.
\ THE TREE OF FREEDOM.
Air Bonny POOn•
'How firm the trle of frCedom stands,
'Tway planted by 'Almighty hands,
Near where the crystal waters flow
'Where you'ay stind;:ind.see lt-Grow
Bash :t; fi tn rm ash 'sOiks of old •
It can't be Inm or ever sold,
I'omver pleading freedom's cause
And still Condemning hogustan.s.
A' -Hoar go to Glenwood; o'er the hills
Itiot'. half a inile above -
%lust east Your eye, and you can see
tree that bears sweet Liberiy. 0,
No. doughface north, nor sunthclu brvexe
Unh ott)P, the ItnagFess or the trees,
Xoriiteelc the gittrililinn,bl;tst the Aleut
sthat•mwlngs'ittnn freedotris holy root,
J:tufria!t's do their hest
• 'And Bully Brooks And all the rest ; •
• •They :s r j 've tOpt 'Komi branches, but you ere •
• • They . nerr etih desti the tree.. ,
144 '011,4 Bneltauan run hi, race ; • •
. .
Like PiOee hell end Win disgrae.): •
-'j Tlis..fOur vex; will soon roll 'rand-,
Then,satri s subjects must be hound.
• • .
;Then lie Whos r 'e right it is shall . reign,
comp:lon - pc res • tord again,
• 'And Kansas ficeed :from Bogus laws, ;
And free fronklaiirs the Sheriff's paw's. •
Speed—H))eed the time 0 1,9n1 We'p•V:ay,
nen..Lnet shall be done awn).,
• • • And freooinr(' -fg.l ilron shore toiidiore,
And Negro bondage be no ruace.! .
4 verses.
• Clifford t!krarrs Pa..
Mini
:— i - • ~ i . i 5i t ., 1 4... s tii si l ,
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-..LETTErt,;IIoIi. .REV..H.: IL JESSUP.
, t ~
, zzAKE ,zL z - E.SIOENEV::, NIT. LEEANON, /
: , , . • 1, i August •21s1, 185 E .
, 1 f :
, 5 . ~
IfT aria Firni,E.: 7 4 eonelnded- the first , section
of my journal o.f this joit , rney, this mbrning, as sve l wl . .. , re
leaving the collars Lebanon on.our tray to Dartlhee:
~,,I think that I iharii . omitted to state t!iatply observa
. •.. - .
, • tions when tunowt.'. the cedars, fully 'Firmed my
f
t 'eit''n . - . •
previous opinion ; Iv nat the cedars , ere so nu
o:erbus along the tnal I from Dunta are 'Of the same
species A ith the a Icietit." cedars of theti-*d," as the
rombton people call them. I would abo Add that the •
old• , monk who live r ; among the trees sizmOntbs of the
scar, is. quite a gln ner, tuld shot .two tii ..l„. i.ls: Tor us. yes- -
•erd-tv n hick! w tad havb stuffed and 4444-ritiry ed, but - j
' f "
l ' 1, 0 - " , i' , ? •
I 11; : 11 no arseitic with rztt;, and our sibi.AOf salt was
c,,,„t9r; 1 flouted-to allo l it'' it - use for such a Lttiltesr, so I
simply cut 0111 the o.lv - s ~ w hich I mi:l pres. - erve.
- :\ After leaving - the. etklars We.. took the road leading
...41ire'cily - tip the ltt 'unt r itin to theSrAtir East:. At first,
.t
the ascent was.'gr. i dual: Irthen became tramc steep,'
.. :z I , - •
and; the road trinclit:in. zigzag course along the mouns •
taitt4tde, at timesriant ng rocks, at tithes an' a loose
r', sandy sod
R . 'W'lletf ahmkt twenty minutes from the .
-• valleT, RecanSe nOnt 14 . latie pat ty of Mountaineere
I - -- •
i lao and womien cr) ltit'seback, on their way'to a wed
iii-ng, nh \ itber,tWy . Werf,. taking the Ludy. • They were:
resting under the 1 !' shadow of a zroa . t rock,' and as:
. we 'approached, the men all broSe, bowed, and fled a -
ialate for the 'Sigridra; 131 u. . L 3 -00. Our lipri,i43 and
•.
richs we - re sraneiOtatlfri‘Atterted -in-t:i` irle'l.tei..io i
i • ;; r•q .-
I- ' • ' ''
• ' .'
''
check them, and:we thanked them fur the slute,:and : 1 .
l',' I -
irt•hed them' o, necompany its, puttiagthe bride nezt....
to firs. Lons: •:-ts :We jOurneyed On,-- Some of •the I :
Pleb came to us and asked. a bu'eksh&esh, iztasin'itelt i
at they 14 fired 4' snSte for mi. We-asked tlierea- 1
roan( their requett., ! bey said it w,as the custom in I
chic country. lre.rep ed that if is 710 f our- crtom, •::1
'id if tin . - 1 1 • 1i......t. ---_:.,!_r_. -- :.• ,
lirreak er . , their custinn
oreours. This seemed to set
. We: heard nothing chore about
•
js.e
pc.ople are inveterate 'beggars.
1,../e44 , llfre„ch - (present)bn all bands,
vcittintenf • tic it to• diet
isery war pOsiihle, and then at;lt
an In:blushing boldnet , s Which is
ridiculous: We have now fetich
dt. T;ehanon: . To the North there
any ey could
tiler could- we bre
tit:the-matter; ani
hpeksheesh. Th 4
You hear the wor
Rind' men Fill tiftett
eotnmodv you in
present for it witl
assexatious as it
etl, the sUttnnit of 11
arr tuo or three,
hither than the p
tii! ridge. the teat
head of the 'water
liOlcu upon the ee
upon ia7in
mountain ranceg.
tke gieat Pea
grealt rounded swelling annunits
I
lint i'liere w stand, but' e are ;On
e r-slieci, or as 4:\ le Arabs say, "ta
.spouts," and \we gaze Westward
dars,at our feet a ad:- d . ark green
s, rugged entre, and- undulating
•hiell retreat and descend to*ard
6' s - - 1 .It,. i . .
rAFtwarti yOu look dir -11 upon the Garden of Sy-lief I ',
mon.endthe Holy Land, l't_S the only water we saw
ilia Eimeesplain betwi Lebanon and anti Lan in this long hot ride. • 4 When shall we 'reach...Baal
which is; not less than fifty miles, long, • and Varies I, bee '" was a question aFt ed . again. and; again, and
from five to fifteen miles in width.: Front th i s hd.ott i yet it. seemed far, faraway on the hazy plain: .
• itseemszsgectly,- level, like a vast carpeted fioor, 1, For some time I have been watching the whirl winds
.
And the Fquare fields,!-Without aftMec, distinguished 1 whicl) sire Crossing 140 plain in every slirection—
fiTiOn eaell otheronly hvithe variety of colors,' give it Some of -them are-spiral, 'some cylindrical, conical,
A chequered! appeara44 -.which- is quitsJP ensinv__ i shaped like a wine glasS or an hour glass, and others
Tat wheat iii All likirvdetvlil, leaving a dull yellow
. col. I seem to be twisted into a•thou.stind grOtesqUe shapes:
9"!..riany-Of the fields •; seem to iie liewlY . Plou,glied, I -One passed in advance of us and gave tbe mules an
. while there ; are numdreus bright \ green torn-fields I immersion in sand, and another'of great power went,
one of which, in vijry midst of the plain Must con- !WI IL'illlg thiiough the llialbee r threshing floers,carrying
tale at lert.looo.lacres t : ..Beyond • this plain to the of wheat ar.d., t chaff together in Indismibable conch:
F4t. is noti-tehei iin [ioiver than Lebanon, arid fed- .eion. -The Ilstalbec. wheat is. famous 'throughout Mt.
leg away in ;the distit4e . into a dith outline, and ter 'Lebanon, and persons arc bete from many of the.
! ! talented toward the . 80
!atir by the . :te.ner.ible . erect of mountain Villages, purchasing wheat and barley : We
%It. Bermoa which .iiil- Cos; almost veiled by alight - are-now mitering the city, of town of Baalbcc. -: One
like ha ze . - ;I he I 1 4 v d c di n mirth, the a i r . was S o .. cannot refrain-from eacpreasioas of .astonishment at
clear illative con d 8441ifttti401)jects with the great. the vast extent - of the rUinti,. 'The old
! walls, flute
est ; distincthess, Thilire . 'was 'no ' haziness ,. no blue seVenty-fLte to one hundred fect,ln height, of three
shading, in the - • tani,Llandscupe.- But now it is an 1 different ages and styles of architecture, nre.of ceio
aut!lmnal sky. latilli eljeCtf iiethrl StightlyaSellr- . Petn l ProPertion
.41 a 'sib •-' • •• -'• ;
nd e sunlight i : very trying to the eyes:, Bei. ' The length of the great ruin cannot be less than
Tltlth our feet, bclowl the . highest ridge of Lebanon 800 feet, arid its width corresponds: high above all,
toward the - Eas
- West, the
tObere r i.'isanother loWer -ran ge ofutw, 'ai you approach the city front the lkortli
-. 'l ti lOng hills. thieltlyrpovercd withforest trees, chief-. the 'turnout= columns, six- in- 'number, their !gracciul
il* the oak !) walnut, arid arber. vitae, (sitoiliir to that
,Corinthian capitalssupporting the immense cornices'
Which groii So ' 1 )
4-. „ J a un n y
iii ! t1 ' ' utN : iagamFalls,) and . , which although -massive and, heavy, Reins at SO great
f rortlitig wood e ougit for-All 'Syria for inany'ymrs - to. a height, (the columns being rfar ly 10feet bigh) to
- e°."?,e- . .Rood 4 :ea, frinu here te . Tripolioe the. be floating in the air- As - we . enter thceity gate, the
~.
a! ' l , u . untain village and to yonder interesting spot, far walls ire-icon:posed of old columns, cornices, pieces
; ! yon the east . in aide. of theplain, now but indie- ren • tablature,. fluted. carved, grooved, and bey, tinetly , seett atuo tiie-gme
i g
....
n shade tr ees, the spot '} ail laid together Compactly, but ixi.great ecitifusion.,-
'
re are - itbPil t i to'. lAt, .the famOuS ifellop . olis or Be — el- I These .fragrOxito of themselies :are .!rnaderful,'., but
. l!ec. naalbec i SeetAiiiiiite near . to one standing on i i Produce littlimpreasion upon the mind in thapres
di e sunurti_ t;;_of
as we are iztvelin w4"
h nuat,.; yet it is . aerylong day, and 1 ence of the Magnifieent pile of ruins in the immediate
, - . our whole fatally, baggage *ld i fOreground. We- rode .on 'around the great Temple,
1
liotige, we could' of hake alon g g stage at onec t hind I -looking for aplace for our
. ten , t . , but all .iras . iffti dusty'
.. !i iL ne . la o d_ed t ,..W e e . s 'e
. 6 r-, d ll 40 tWorkt, abOut six liours ! ! , land hot, that We at letgth
.took a imety , vtew of the
tt i . tic ra, ,t! spend t e nigh , If Baalbec 1 , beautiful Bastern side of thelluins, and Trent Aip the.
r 4.:
not tiO nea '''. ' ahould thi \ tiklkis It ostinter- 1 valleY'abOve Basibec about two miles, - where, atlbe
aft"‘ itPoi, 1; T . ara three interesting features I - fountain leted:on a beautitl . . level 4744i / island, me
4 ; b(mt t be : 0 111' C't! H i hi. Vtotiaiiend it . te the ettertion pitched tint' tent tinder s. sliiideef - a: Weeping' .411.:
crall trayelere On it us:but seldSnl- viAtcd ' • .
• Elle first ph6 . ltt, " l# , -- - . *. -11 l 10w, within a few feet era huge. stream -afelair . .eold•
_ . „ er- a larg e.andbeauntul lake. nith- r\oter; pet a fei rodi fir:n
ant t,a ar ; guti .e f ,
t l..i l i_ . a ' i ,ei t e, l ~a l le . 7,- surrounded : . by ispou t ,. w l lo ' se r i, um iront.. arch 6 surro ' • und - ing th wintian . '' di the
• l ooo ndlY . se end large feu tit . gush • --
• -•
'•" • . added * ' .
fromn os 00- errstai fountaini -Ineturesineness Mille quiet
. . % euladel t all mountain side,sending% stream beauty of the Scene. -Rem wieipee itolesn ' aSi-te . -mot •
twenty feet -' ~ • • .
_ . i 4, e
, :„.. . ;... 13 ,.. _ . 17, ,, itil
i. 74 f ., footdee ,„. p .,! Co , astin, tly into
. min , and siyead the - Sidibatkas • Feilm tea • - el • po . othei
end
...,, i 4/rut, 77 ctcp ‘‘o elterm iv! raine •• of.',plat.ie. That--level broad -i . alkt - - - which . "•fr do e ttrit ., tO
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an old temple of Venus, covering a quadrangular the cite Of Baalbec froth our encamptitetit is green and
300 feet lo length by 240 feet in width, in the center fresh, 'and the great Walnut trees, the corn-fields now
lof which, 'on an elevated platform, are broken
.
- . .
limns , pedestals cornices; frieies, strewn together in.... • otte-13ackto America, yet those six dark colutons in
•'a confuied Ore,. evidently thrown . own by an earth , " , liistince rising ahove the trees and the walls, dis- .
..
quake insome remote age. There aresevcralsto lled the vision' ankconstantly remittd•one that this
.of immense size, and the sty)e of s c ulpture s Syria, and Baalbee, and here lived.-.the Saracens,
carve4wcrk is of a rude ehatteter, though the giih;':'• ..and the Ilomans,..and the builders of the old temple
ral style of the temple was evldently of a finished coundatiOns, far back in the past, Perhaps in the days
model. I . Some of the cornltes Were encrusted with 'it - of Solomon, perhaps before his day. •
crystallization of the carbonate of lime, and I detach , I hace.spent this evening in, meditation and con
ed several fragments with my hammer. In the dell ' versation'With L. i C.- about this wonderful city of
above the 'ruie, the rocks were covered with a dark, the past, this one of the "seven Wonders of theworld,"
green.mass so'exquisitlY beautiful, , ,,thnt I hare Bath-
,and we have been lost in profound . admiration and
. .
tired alarge - quantity to send, to my sistey for mantel
ornaments. We have Pitched °tn tent near the shore
of the 'lake,- though the effluvia from this stagnant '
water is certhinly not, very faiarable for health. The
ground is damp, but there seems to Deno other place,'
andwe hope for the best. : Immenie herds of cattle,`,
gohtlg and sheep are grazing in the - valley, . and now'
as the sun goes down, the herdsmen ald sltePheldi . ;'
taineinkading :their flodts ;and lberds - to places of
salety, on account of the pieat ninnhei: of- rild.beasts
who tome forth from 'their dens night and seek.
.their; prey in the darkness.:, s'un• ha now gone
—a cold wind is blowing,' down from the heights
of Lebanon, and we have secured Or tent against :!!‘'
ingress of the damp night : air.' 1a old ltinher has just
upon us ,
called , and invitedfu:s . to go Mound to theop- ..)
posite shOre-otithelqke.and hunt thewild boar, which .
comesdoWo at nigh to drink,
.and lulls an easy piey
to thq. rlall of man.w bear the wild piercing
gutter al voice of the. &tls on the mountains, and . .
a j;:cicaloot very far . ty is crying like a lost child,
with a:piteous moat' and . prolonged . wail, at which :
the Sheep and . golit-; crowd closer together in their
littls enclosures; and the sleepless watChmen fire their
gum; at intervals to warn the wild beats to keep did'
distance.- After reading our , daily. portion of Scrip
ture, tve commend ikurselveS anlf . you to that
Watelanan _who never slumbers or slettps,
Fatn.iv, l 85(. This nu:lilting I gave a
Man aioout six - hits for a little collectio &coins bear
ing the. name of one of the Roman Emperors. They
were'found
,amonk, the ruins' of the !letriple. We
rested plee,antly Without Molestation and were great
ly refreshed. The night air'wzis very ciefid and brae-
--•
.i n .., .
At half past seven we left Yemounee, :crossed di? :
narrow 'v;tlley the white pebbly I‘;ettelt of the
lake, and journeyed along over the undulating range
of; woMed : hills whit - At lie itettvecti Lt banor. and the
.plain of the Doecaci. Our tome lay along an old Ro
man.roadondSaveral of the milestones were lying by
the roadside, though, the. character once cut On their
so: faeirere quite effaced. Some of the people be
lieve that this lake Yemounee is the source of the
river AtitudS on the other (western) side of Lebanon.
A more probable belief is that it is the source of the:
Leontes,,whielt fl.;:tws •• southtvurd, passing 'Mt. nermon
and truing westward to the sea, south of Sidon.—
• As we rode thrbugh the forest, the. Untie:teens brought
I to us branches of a tree called ahi a species of oak,
tue leans of 5-I.ielt were covered with a white inern,i
.
ation of stsgar, which diey' . 'told us to eat by dissole
;' in.- it from the surTtee of the leaf on the tongue. It
aS certainly very pleasant to the taste, hut its chief
interest consisted* in the.fact that - it'r.anie in Arabic
• .
is nen, So-similar to the word manna, a to sums-,
as it has to ninny travellers, the Probability' that the
'supply of mail= to the eh ildreaof israel may have
been Itya miraculouslinercase of this or some similar
d4osit on the leavieStolshrObs or vetetables. This
is mere conjertitre, Inn the similarity: iii the name:s,
and theSSWeet pleasant taste lead one IOU:ally toward
such a 'eolich4Jrn
• After about three hours and ; half, - ave reached the
plain; mi , erable dry dusty village stands on
the herder of the plain, to Which the people bringoll
their water a' distance of about three iniles. _Thresh- .
ing floors abounded on every side, and - the breeie
brought the chaff into our faces in a way which was:
enything but agreeable.
,_...., ....,,ght .tun. 4
bee, and it still' a
"eons as far way as :alien it first
/ dame in 'sight. • Tar away on the eastern side of the
plain, just tinder Auti-Lebanan is a green spot in the
yellOw sand, accruing like alow long grove surmount
, '4.1 he a dim dark object, which as we approach re-.
r ' oli - es itself into a vast pile of-solid walls 'crowned by
!six beautiful Corinthian columns supporting an airy
c.ornice.. This was before tat. 'for tree long hours as
t i
the feet of our animals beat time on the,yie . in„sand,
- - - - --.A. mi impatient- del--
'and tlieturning sun made us impatient_ f
iii • - e,passed field after field plain aftcr plain , qit
!seemed,- some of them newly ploughed, :.some afford
' ing.scantyl•pasturage" to, flocks and herds, and some
sere and yello*withrthe stubble oftrlicat and barley.
One little , singgish stream; which seemed hesitating,
between going Northward. in' the Orontes to ROMA
and Antioch, or Southward in theLeontes to Mt. Ifer-
ES
ave lOW been foi two boors
"Ggi - 62REDorpi] niu - D manTra maanigu gLawEinu i'PTSD .Jcd 0 5)9
_1 3c,
Taw . e "even at the slight impressions left upon,our minds .
by the hasty view of
,this afternoon: . To-morrow we ,hope . to spend a day:amid the ruiipt, and at eve I will
'cntinue the account.
Sasritner, Aro ma `2..ld.—A day leng to be remem
bered. twent down early this timehing to Baalbec,
taking misers and pencils..,enough: to keep me busy
all day. : ;,After finding a boy to hold my. umbrella, I
co:immure,' II sketching, and continued Until about one
o'clock. ';..k verbal th:‘scriptitin, Without drawings, is
always unsatisfitctory, and when my sketches are fill
et:tout I will append ; suitable desMiptious and send .
them to yon. As yon enter the ruins from the South
EaSt, you : have directly in fiont the is lofty columns
etanding Om a high I,:• ,, :ive wall; almost in the center
Of e quadrangular enclosuFe. Ai your .right.
is the famous - Temple of the i•litfic; with :its walls all!
standing, ;and the immense marble columns which'.
once surrOunded it On every-side in'a stately colonntde,
partly in idace, but the greater 'portion 'thrown down
by earthquakes into confused heaps, their. immense .
fragment, reminding elle of t e rust piles of saw-logs
which- you sometinies see along, the cliffs of the Deli
! aWare, a‘Vaiting the approach of Spring. You pause
and .Wonder at thestcwondtuful columns. - Nearly.sevs)
Mt feet hi diameter mid seventy feet high, divided in
,! - .
,I tp . threo divisions, and yet matched sti perfectly Ot
leven at this late day it is difficult' to sec the joint.
1 Each one seems an.enumental cchmm, worthy of i =
self to stand alone and -receive. the admit alien of 'th
't .
.orld. one'of these columns tins Ulm against . t 4
1 temple, wall, and now stands leaning upon it , Other's
11u/cc fillets, and the et!ift.?llt. Which united them is so .
strong-that they have broken asunder in a new place
leaViag the artificial onion 'still Perfect 'There are
I nearly twenty columns of the Tent'ple of the Sun still
i
I .. - gandingi & they are partially and feebly suggestive of
1 its former magnificence. The gateway of the Temple,
! built with the:inost profuse ornamentation known:to.,
I the Cot iniltian style ofat-chitceture, is oneofthe goat;
I oflhnilbee. Tha arch above is hotizontal, and the .
1 massive Stmm which once stretched ftomiide to side
i has }metr Insilteit in two places by an emtluitiake, and
I ( iIA r
oI: 0 t fragment has fallen Nitiout lice feet, ulMi'e
1 itmoiv hang; suspended as if by magic;adding.a kind
Of awe in the sense Of pmfonnd
_admiration awakened,.
by the effect of this niart - clioui; door-wan .- and the'
Irichly adorned interior 11 11 iell it discloses tofln4iew: •
I .1 5 hate.unt time 'now to Speak More minutely of
I theinins.Y. The belong to three dhtinet aces. The
1 Ipaip.ire; fetindttleas to th.: :ige of 5....61ace1, (as I be
ficre,) tlse colt:lilts r.o.d Tt ~ir i t, cf the Sun to the time
1 of tile rimuans, :irml tlm m Hitt rs .find, .S:• , es, chapels:ma
walls to the afte,ot the'Smneens. - In. i2.nd_ehronicles
I VII 7 6. 1.13 ..,alli that Solotnon'bnilt Pewitqfh, a city
wbe'se name very Much resembles Ilaclbee. Some re
-1 gird Tiaal;lee as the 44 Mouse; of the forest of Luba
non,4 in Whiehrthere were " costly ; stones and great
stones, stones of ton :cubits, anti stones of eight cu- .
bite." Ptrl;art - you will'a.-k if there are any stone::
lof this enormoas size. I answer that a slone S feet
by AO feet would serer small iu the South West wall
of the temple. There are three stones etid to end in
: this wall, which together measure abon't (m a) 0,1,e .
Itiindred and ninety feet in length by about' fifteen
t feet in thickness. There is another stone in . the (mar:
I ry about a file distant, measurinz•sixtv-nine feet and
two inches in length ; and about fon' teem feet in breadth
and thickness: . co immense are' these stones, that
1 the people here ;all believe that they •were'cast in :
i moulds erected on the spot, a tradition which is dis- 1
i. proVed by : one blow of a genlogical hammer, which ;
;shows a style of marble which)S too similar to the 1
cliffs of Anti-Lebanon to admit 'cif the lc:ast doubt:as i
to its origin. The quarry too and that imtnense stone!
lying ready -for removal, speak volumes.- ' • , :
I. :, I will here panne awhile in my jeurnel. The wrath-..
ier is quite .Warm, and I am - weary with five hours ton..
1 stant sketching. - We-have crystal water, fine water-. -
Melons,' gotta milk,Arai, brend,eggs,and on our graseY
Plano, we hope to spend this evening and to-mot'row.
l in quiet and peace. Little Mary has bot4te the Joni ,
.ney well, and we arc all improving in health. .The!
.meditntions and impregions Racing themselves in pp- i
i on one's mind at tie close of a week at the Cedars'
and Ilnalbee, are too Turfed for description. Alterl
I
' visiting two; uch places, I feel a kind of .satiefitetoryi
i fullness, so to speak, that will !cadmic, for the press
ent at least, - tcrbe content with a •quict' life, and asti
ilong as I live to study,and labor in this dark land,-lIM
‘ memmy of these inspiring scenes will be Asa 'ray of
1 sunlight to tir soul. - Daalbee is'a m:,• - nificeitt:Te.mi
pie in ruins, lit almost every human heart in-this
land is a more sublime ruin of a more ntapificent
t -
temple, even-of a temple made for th 4. indw e lling of
tht. l- Itoly Spirit. . Your affectimunk son, • ;.
--; lIENny 111-Innis Jr.s_scr. !'
f Baal-
.
1.14)W TO ;U 13 We were about
to start, I says the captain move to an elesat
cd position 4ibove the ; All it was in.
teresting to see how quickly. and completely
the:inward : thought or purpose - alters the out
ward man. Ile gave it quick glance to every
part of the Ship. • Ile east his eye over the
multitude COming on hoard the ship, among
Whom ..Was ',the ilmericart embassador to Eng
land,,who, if the captain may I,'e said to em
body - the may be said with .equal truth
to eMbody in hislifikial person ,a, nation's
right . andlOiler. Ile a.iw theAinsbands and
wives, the Mothers and children intrusted to
his cafe; and his . slender •lcrm, - as he. gave
the ordeis for our (rep - arm:l ,
N Eeetned at once
to grow more erieet and firm ; the mnseles of
his face swelled; his dark -eye, glowed with
anew fire ; and his whole person expanded .
and beautified ittclf by the power of inward
¬ion. - tbave often noticed. this interest
ing
phenotnenon ; and have come to,the con
clusion; if man Or woman either, • wishes to
realise the. frill power of personal, bdauty,:it
Must be by 'cherishing nOblehopei and par ,
poses--by wing something to di?, and some,
to five for, Which 'it worthy. of . humanity
and which, by expanding the eapaeiti es of the.
sOul, gives eXliansit,tti and symmetry - to - the
body_ whic contains okiior:Uphour..
SixotTLA Pnzsoum:ll—ln a rec'ent bat,
loon ascension fruity Philadelphia, by Mr.
Oodard, I,lfr was accompanied by Several ex.
eursionims. 14neofthe: - peculiarities' o&the.
.ri<le-Was 'remarkable -echo at. the bight of
ten thousand, feet. Mr. Godard sang a song,
and each stanza
_*as tts iliatietty sung by the
eetib,
_as sweet and melodious, as -the
_voices
rifltleb uttered the *Ords. The party tit this
r4titude eould also hear the harking of dogs,
ap4 even the e.vkling
'MpNTRQSE,:TITURSDAY, -PECE4BER '2's, 185:
Del,egqied-ft.ain ii4l)s4s.
REMARKS OF llo2f. G. 4...GROVA
• of l'ennsylyania,
THE 1101:fig OF'REPRESSNATIVES,!DIie. 1,1856,
On the Question of Adininikiering the OoM
of Oece to John' W. Whitfield, as the
Delegate from Kansfq Territory.
Mr. CI-ZOW 'said : Mr. Sneaker, on the
certificate presented, I . am opposed tolhe ad
mission of Mr. Whttield tii• a seat asi Dele
gate from tha. Territory of Kansas.. The.
rgentleinaa from Missouri [Mr.i Plitt.rs] is
entirely mistaken in .tnipposing that ',this
course of proceeding unpacAented i and
contrary to all principle{ which has prevailed
in the organilatiOnsiC this Honse.. The mere
pmsentation of eredentnils does not in all cas--
es entitle the, holder. to hu sworn ir3 ns a
Member of this Ilouse. Utile certificate of
chlction shows upon its titre that itis not in
i:onformity with'the alitirements of the kW
upim which it is based,. (3 - r if the law itself
•under the election;,.was is upon
its face in Violation elf am.s.,cinistittithni of the
United States, or of any torganiclaw of•high
er authority,than itself, ; then the certificate
'alone does mit furnish 'tich a i prima facie
'case as would, under the tisual !proceedings
Of the . 11611 s(?, !ul wit a aftuber•tO a-seat.
in fir,t se
lion c L : l f ": :t i NTa e it) 6. - f tl i ii ( r ' c t l ° ro r n;cs ri , ' ltt k i .' le the n. , 11.
was being Called.by the -Cletk,.4d before the
organization of the .11Otiss, Mit ti Allen, of
Koitticky, objected tti,tU oath 'id °Mee be- •
lug administered . „Mr. Mwore:;l one of. his
colleagues, thonghle hchl a certificate of dee
lion. • After• dikcession, the 1104te proceed
ed to elect a Speaker and other 4flieerswith- ,
. .
out pentlittnig . ettner Of these j ciainiant ! ; to
cote. The case was finally disposed [ of by
referring it back to the people for a new dee
that, without' the oath of office ever being ad
ministered to either of the claimants. though
one ulthem held a:certificate ofelection.
In the celekwated N(...w Jersey vase, first.
session Twenty-s . ik . Congress, five persons
appeared at the bar O H otf the *, claiming
to repre;sent tliat'State, with certificates bear
lagthe Broad Sear of that tnnnw•ealth.
Yet, after two weeks' discussion,' the House
refused to administer the oath, of office, or to
permit them to vote itrits . organization, and
finally rejected those holding the certificates
"of eleetion;and admitted their contestants to
seats.
It is iint il4r the gentlenian from Nliss'ouri,
[Mr. l'itelps,] or myself, to yeje4 the -auth
ority of this precedent, for it was made. by
the party with which both of us were- then .
- acting, nor-would it c‘ornd with good , grace
from th(va.co-operating with That gentleman
to-day.. It is unnecessary to consume time in
citing other preedents, for thes:y are amply
sufficient, so tar • as. any - *precedent may be
neemsary, to sustain my -positron in this ease.
But, sir, Were there no preCcdent for this
course of proceeding, the droll - Ott/Ix-es sur
rounding the case would of thonselves justi
fy
At the ofiening of the last seSsion,the same
applieation was made in behalf of this claim;
:nit :is now. I then objected to jthe - . oath of
office being administered, for thdrealon that:
in my judgment, it was not such a p•inza fil
di case as to coine withitt the usual practice
orthe Itk-mse -. but out of .deference to the
- wishes of my - friciids, , the Whole" House 'ln
41(4; 1 did not •press my , objectbie for imme
diate action: -We hadloeen nine eeks elect;
ing_a Speaker, and some weeks More would,
of c.Mrse.. be consumed-in diseusSing they right.
- of the claimant, which would 114 i that length
of time prevent theoiirther 'organization of
the House, and thus delay all action on the
other important businesS to leimie- befirre it.
But no stich considerations fbr -delay exist at
this time, and we can -aswell diSpose of this
ease now as at any subsequentday: It was
adjudicated at the . last session, - attar ' a - most
thorovhinvestigatiou, after a fuller exand.
nation than w•,' ever, befiße given to a con
tested-election case- in the history . . of your
Government., A committee was sent.bv this
IJouSe into Kansas, to investigate all the al
leged.frauds and irregularities of the eke-.
turns in that Territory. ' -After examining,,on
oath and.undefeross-examinatiob, over three
hundred witnesses, belonging to all sections
and of various poitical ' sentiments—taking
- copies of the official records of 'the Territ6-
ry, and.vomparing the . poll-books acid census
returns of each clecticur distriet,they returned
and reported to, this lkuse, thatati the elec
tion of the Members, to the Territorial' As
sembly which passed the election law upon
which is based the ;certificate Under which
Mr, Whitfield now claims, everV . Represent
ative district but one was controlled by arm
ed men from Missouri ;
S and that of the. six
thousand three hundred and seven votes pol
led in the Territory at that but one
four hundred acid tett ' were,ilegal
votes. By . the census taken, thirty days, be—
fore this 'election, as required by the orginic;
act, there wc:T but two thousand nine huu-•
dred and five legal voters in the Territory.
Thus was the legislative poWer Of thispeoile
usurped by - invaders. • from , alneighboring
S,tate. - - This House, at its last. 'session ' with
all the facts of the Kansas In vesVgatingCom,
rnittee before it, and after the fittlest discus
•sion, adopted this resolution: i
"Resolved, That John W. Whit-field .ix
not vntitled to a seat in this Honse as a Del-
egato from the Territory :of, Kansas." .
..
.. This
,was the conclusion of the report of the
CoMMittet oCEketions, which declared
"'That the alleged Territorial liegislattire
yas an illegalipeonstititted - boq, and had 'no,
power to pass valid 7 laws, and,: Mar enact:
ments are iherefore 'null and raid."
'I. That the election under which the Sittit
-a y*
Delegate, Joba . AN Whitfteld,..heltls his Seat,
was not held in-pursuance of any .Valid law,
and that it should be regarded only aslhe ex.
•pression of the choke of those resident citi! ,
zens.who voted for. him." . .:'':!
So the House decided that no 'titlid.: elec
tion hid- been held in Kansas, - , 'Why? Was
it because at , the allegodriectien ..there as
nu contonantt
.Was it:because there, fere
illegal -votes east,-or was it because .the - law
under which the election
.was aninvalid law ?
Tite decision could hate been upon no ether
ground. -The decision Was, that- the election
was held under a pretended lay; passed a
'usurping. Legislature, and therefore invalid,
which4otthlor course _vitiate any eleatinn
underit.. "What change has taken placeiu
,the Territory ! -of - ,Kansat; -sincoitheal
legislation stands to•day aa:it did on , tthe day
the Houso rejected. this Delegate, Six mouths
ago.. No flew lace have-bocilgassed.r..Tho t ,
the. application of thi§.Delfgate. renewed,
lig
t • ' r. the f ' . d 1- it'd b
it rests upon some grou9 -It ,at di ~e- 1
fore. It is the same ease over i again, and we i
! need no. precedent lin deciding it . . 'his, cause !
sitting as a judicial tribunal,'-has adjtidlcated 1
the case, and declared that tio valid eleetion
1
could be held under the eleeti
i n. laws of the
Territorial Legiidature of Kanas.'Anti why?.f
ilecatise . the Legislatno was intposed- tipoir!
that people bran ;armed itivas'ion j from the I
State, of 111issouri,Itini 'oitld therttore pass I
no.valid law - for the people of !Kansas: Mr. 1
NV hitfield's.seat Was then contested . by. An- :
,drew H. Reeder :'and our positiOn was; that !
, ,
of 't it • • had
:the people a Jr,7- m t i light . to be
i
:represented in thij House; an Witte major- 1
it - y. of the ad nal ri"sidents 'of k Representa- i
tive district had chosen. a veld rate, he ought [
to be admitted, tho H
ugh the lair - of !the Terri- 1
tOry might be a nnllity. But the ouse,- in
.rejecting
g Mr. Reeder at-the last ission, de-
cider], other Wise. lAnS:the yen• s' me tribu. i
nal that-made thin; devitpin is (7.8H0 - upon-to- i
day to review it. I In deeidingleleetiOn eus,as., i
this House sits tel i a judicial i tribttnal, and
from its d e cisioin. !here can be no appeal ; 1
and a ease once adnidieated shouldlbe consid,;
- ered goi'd law, at least by itself. [ . ,
The liftbseetiOn - of the first. lart Vele .of Cie 1
Constitution provilles that `` each House shall,'
I be the judge of the ehrtioni,i retirrns and !
' qualification s of its own metnbersH," - m.d in
ord e r to judge Of the rlection a 'its nwni-!
I" lier . ., it must inquire not only pito:. the j itri-
It.= of the b:lji.l:l),, , itild the rip.:6, in of ( , x. ;
erclslurr [ tiAeletAiVe. franehise
.by the voter,
0 - ,
. . hut also, as a neeet,sary conk q knee; intti.the i
i validity of - the laWli under wilicirthe election ,
1 . was held. To judge ou
of the rrnS, it must i
_
I see whether the tbrms prescribed by: the law 1
!rave been . observed ; and tol judge of the
qualificatimis . of its thent'ers, It is:fieeessary
to examine the prd,`,visions of the lOcal 1aw...t0
1 ,
r see whether they are in conflict with tne Con- :
i•Stitution ort.6 United States, vhiCh fixes the 1
I qualifications fur members of , 'ongress. , _• ' I
I, Now, sir, I propi,se to show, that this Del ; 1
I egate 'doeS mit present a prime facie vase. so
I.as. to bring it under the Usual iratAice 'of the I
1 House, which is tO swear in the member or.
Delegate who prese-lits dlirim i faCie ease.— i
yin order•to present silelid cast,',the certificate i
1-intust. he in thertinni prilseribell hy - law, 'and
. : .
',the provisions. of the law npr4 tthicti if is . !
:Based must - not lie ni palpahl i te violation of !
.the Constitution of the UnitedrStates. , ,if it
is, there could be no Valid. elution raider it:
The thee of the: law and: the certificate.' is'
.
-theretbre the record upon t - lii•hin the first
1
•
_instance we are-to act. • , i . j 1
' Now, sir, without stopping ..) *kainire int,'
the validity of the Territorial , „egislature of
Kansas, or their anthorityto e niet l i valid laws !
glr lhotildeny that there is any {validity in i
any act of that TrrritorialAssembly,l+ecause
its powers were never derived; from the
.lust
consent of the goyerned;atid itlis thereto' e an
..absolute usurpatiMr, void from the bcginninf ,
,-.1 propose. to show, from flue law itself,.
even though the Legislative A ss-,,inbly. had
valid power to cnitet it, that tia,,laNy upon its
face is and that any eke lonlield'under
it is therefbre a' nullity. This tlonSe - .m-ol
not wait the report of the-Com inittee ofl-2lee
tions, where - the record.ltOwsisticit a state of
.-- li •
fl4ts, The bill passed by Cor,reSs,organiz-
.ing the Territory of Kansas; .i:res'cribed the .
qtialifieation„of voter:? In that Territoryin the
fifth section of that act, width t.csad e- s:.
-‘‘ That . every fr(e.e Whitc Male inhabitant
above the age of twenty-one yOu'r;, who shall
be :an 'actual resident of shiji '. 'erritory, and
shall possess • - the ,qualificatit ns hereinafter
prescribed,- Shall be•entith..d - -. t, vote. at the
first election, and shall tieeligiblei to any•of
tiee:within the said Xerritory :I but: the goal
ltications-of voters and of (adding olliee,at . •
all subsequent ' elections, ' shall. be such as.,
shall be prescribed' by the I etislative As
sembly : Prcvided i F nat. therigh ! ;, of siv:
frAge and of holding office' sha l be . e:cercised
only by citizen's of . .the
. .u,,i4d ,s"iates, and
'those who, shall Aare declared! on loath their
'ilaention to become such, and. Shall have tali,
en an oath to support the 0 - nkitntion of the
United States and the proyisit t iis Of this act."
. 'Sow, the Territorial Legit; ature of Kan
sat; cannot perinit . ,:mv person I tO \foie itt.that
Territory who is excluded byl- :that proviso.
If they liave.done so in the enaCtment of their
election law, it is an 'invalid IlaW, and any i
election held under it Nvould consequently be 1
i. an invalid election. The 'elevittl-t section 'of
the election law of the Territry . [of KansPs
prescribes flue qualification of voters. ' tread
from the:lawS,of Kansas, puldiShedby order
of Congress, page 282 : . 1 ;.1 - • '
"SEO.[II., Every free-whin:, :male citizen
Of the United States, and! eyery ireelwhite Male
Indian who is made a citizen! lby treaty or
/ otherwise, and over : the pgelof twentporie
[-
• ' 1 • • T' years, who shall be an inhabitipt,ot - t us er-
I ritory, tied of the'county or - district in which
1 - ‘. - I,
he offers t o vote; and shall haYe paid a-Terri
, tortal tax, Shall be a qualified! elect tOr .fdr all,
I elective ollicess; - and all Indians who are in- !
' habitantS6) this Territov, an(' tehO rudy hare
adopted the customs of ,the.tehite man, and who'
are liable to pay toxes, shall be 4 4 711(.46a. i
:ens: Provided, That ne soldier„i:eatna n I or!
'
marine- in the regular Army br Navy of
united States, shall be entitled to vote by
reason of being in service thertin :; And p. o.
tided, fuither, That no personlwh6 shall have
been conticted of any violationpf itnyprovis;
ion attniact of Congress entitled.iAti act re
..
specting fugitives froM justiett, -.and per Sons
escaping ifront the service of their InntsterS,'
i 1 ,
approved February 11, I i ,... f. 13 , or t olan act to
amend apd. supplementary to said • act, ap
proved liStli - of September,.l-SSP, whether .
--,,i 1
Stich conyietion were- by !i.iii)i . i al !proceeding
Or by 60.8edon ibrtb, - ,. reeoViery ttf any pen
alty pre:4011)0- by either of said . petS, in any
etturtsofithe United Statetcorlof-any Btato or
Territori,4 any oflince Ideemedlinflutions,
shall be entitled to tote at . any election,' or to
hold tinvlotlieein'this - TerritOry- i.l And pro
aided, j r uither; That. if any person! tifrering to
Vote shall be' challenged, and:re, (wired to take : .
au bath (jr allitinatiOn; t!) . he administered by
one of.thre judges ef the'. cleetihn,_that,lte will
sustain , the. provitions •ot. ilif:_above-recittl•
acts of-Cimgress, and tif - thq,at i t entitkd, 4 An
:act to organize the - Territories of. Npbrasiza
and. Knit as,' apprOved May 140,1 184 and
shall r . eMse 'to iaki such oath! oi . affirmation,
the. vote . cir sveh:peison. shall lie rejected.
" SEC. 42... E 4 very perOn iissessing; ' the
qintlificaoon of si - voter; at; herein In.:fore pre - -
scribed, 'and- who , shall- - -have:;reSided in this
-Territor4 - thi . rty.days prior to ; the. election at
which_ m
. lit!- ; may :tfrec Limattlas . .a . candidate
hbail be iligA 0
le a Pelegat . 1.6 the . flonso
of gefireOntaliVes - , Of the LT - tilted' Statea,.to
either _hi an!•lc - of the Legistilie ust wilily,.
and to all tit&r:offiees in ithis I Terfitori, not
otherwise elieciallivrov WO foi '1: Pr.Qt;f44.
FRAZI . ER & PT.113 - LIST-t.EAS-:"T;701: 4 2: NO, roi
however,That, each member' a the LegWative
Assemby, and every officer .elected or. ap.
Anted to office •
ritory, shall; in. ak
ation specially pr,
officer; take an y of
the COnStitUiloll
VkillllA of an net
fugitives from Justtee, and peraons escaping
frOin the service of their masters,' approved
February 12', 17.3, and of an net to emend
and Supplementary to said last-nu.ntioned
approved Septenther 18, 18501*.and a, an
net entitled 4 .A.a net to organize 'the'Territo
ries of NebraSka and Kansas,' approv'ed May,'
30, 1854.' ' - -
The provision in the organic netliits : sec] by
Congress is, that no person shall 'vote in that.
Territory, nt the first or any sulisegOit, eltc.
tiun, uniessheisneitizen of the United Statics,
or Lai dee:amid his intention to ficeotrie such:
But the law of Kansas admits all Indian: to
vote who have adopted the habits of the White
man. ! •
.
But i tn
Butt ay be-sai.l, - that the, only efreet
such a provision would bo to ekelutfc f ill such
votes as illegal,.atul not to vhilate t IteAleet
Ile board oft'.lections would be bountlto
ma them, because, under the law Of Ole Ter
ritory,. they aro legal / votes. The election
law of Kansas, therefore; admits a ! cla,s of
voters who, '),y the organic act pa.s.cd by
ConsTres4,itre prohibited from
the law admits a class to vote who are pro,
hiLited bt Cortgres•:, it excludes, by- t6t
elasi %%lick the organi:: act per wits to vote,
and t o whom:ld le - Conititntion of the United
States guaranties. the rights of franchißie.
This law is doubly void, tht;n, bee:uwe it
,
perni:N elipis to vote who are exeludedlli
Ihe organic laW, and excludes a elass Who are
entitled, upon l -every principle of a just and
fret Government, to vote in the Territory of
Kansas. Fneled not reheat the provisions in
reference to Ow test oaths, one of whieh
qualifies_.any !nail fr o m voting if . he refuses
to swear to support the Fugitive SlnVe Law.
These provisions not only violate COnsti.
tution cat •thelUrtited States, but- dire subver
sive of eVer . i . prineif.le of just. - gi)vertirnuot,.
and traMplein the dust thelnalienablaright ,
of Apteriean Ifreemen. Of 'What u'c is the
tiectiye franchise. if you egos unpo.ie'up.n the
voter, as-a-qualification to vote, - an oath to
support any - particular lute I_ For what: dotes
he go to the toils, save to elect men to ninke,
alter,.aniend,lor repeal laws ? And it, when
lie Nunes tti rote, he niustlirst swear to sup,
Dort theyt;rF law he wants ehantged,eit is a
mockery to rill it the - right;of suffrage;
The nineteenth section of this law,Hhott',;ll
it is itot in eintliel. with the letter (lithe 011. ,
stitution, l violates t-very principle; of 'l . -iirttess
or justice in ihe . vicereiw of rran c tiis6 ,utuong
fair and hone 4 voters. It deelares l thai " when.:
eVIEr any per Son sltall offer to rote, he shall
he presumed to he entitled to
,Titi4
rrovt.sion requires the party, who would pre
§erre. the purity of the ballot-berg, to prove-a
nr , ative. Ma; opinion of the .v.riferated Sen.
aar fro:nl,laware. Mr. Clayl4, deseriin4
trnly the circ l e, t this clause in. speech he ,
tuatie in the senate during ihe extra
" There could:be 'no justice in electiOll4, with
such a spror . niion as that in the bill; The
burdenn of prOof is on the wrong p a nty, a nd
thereforethe;law . .is (*ark, and nionife,tly
unjust and- Oppressive."' tinder it,
person m4016%1'00 the citizens• of de -elec
tion precinct i eould . vote; and. it ‘r,ould .be
entirely- unneees'saryfer treignor , to be
.natur•al:zed, for, '‘v&e he challetg.fed,- the ob
jector mu-t tirove that he is not naturalized,
would 'manliest ly be ittipossibk •
By section,tmility, "..Witcnever'ane per.
son otters to rote, his vote may be challenged
'by one of the judges. or by uny voit r, and
•the judges olthe election' riety examine him
totichin;r his right to vote t and if -so'!e,rarnin. rynit 4 , tily . Ortjn. ! l in their:Charatter, _and
(1;72
as ..
eio eviclen d:7 l ee to en:diem/let shall be receive oppressive npon the . people, hut_ - -h ,de; tit : .
ThOugh the Objector may hold in his Ininds__tiotoof the organic law, - and- in'•vhdatiOn of,
the. most ample evidence to 'prove the false the. CoustitutiOn.orthei - United State.s.''SOMO
voter's perjttry, Vet his v , ,te must be recciv- .of these acts are. ri-Niiltint.t, to every - kering:of
ad. ' • 1. '' ' '--. ' - Imolai:AV.": *.-* . • ' ',. -• :.
~ •,, .. ''. , . '
Well nii•dit the SenatOr from Delit . ware ask • " 1 ~ iay, and -I repeat, that .sucli ittlai••=is ai .
, ,
as he did in the Senate, in- what part ot . the infilinotiS la - w.'' : ' - ‘- -,. — ,..5,...121- . .: .---- '
. „„: .
.., .
civilized world is •an election Conductedl• on - :And And' yet - we are - . asked ; tri , r:recivitilse . -the.
.•
this prineiplel,? -; . i . itrii/noith legislation, which sheekis the moral The election law of Kansas, upon '' which . sease,. Midis- a disirace to the'age;;.:by admit=
this certificate is hosed, is, in addition; to Ale . ling its chosen rcpresentatiVe, the's:me:44ff:
'reasons already giVen; uncongitutionat, for he clime under 'valid and just law': ::
..,..-', : - . 1- . .4 , ,';' . ._
itflixes in. the twelfth section - qtialiticat ions : It:is. the duty of .Cli•ingtc,ss , to.- , Settliat - tIW
for a titentlitt of Congress difertilt,'• from right of the people amdc.i-itS exilusivejufbi:•.
those prescribed •bv the....Constittftion of the - dialion are - ..proteeted,.!md -c-Speciallfthatall
United States. The qualification . fixed by . the guarantees o its own law .are - stied . , : to
the second section of article one of the Co i those relying. ate its faith...arid autbottry ;:titur.: ;
Stitution is, that • -" - . if the Executiv - -neglects - his - duty,p , ...s*-IlitY. -
- .(
." No heroin t,liall he a Representative who present one has, he people
,witq, - *!!:.otter, ,
shall not have attained the age of twent v-five, toode.of redressithan to: appelo.t ik :-. 3 ,;:nit..liv:
years; and have been scven.years a citizen of shield them sign'ii
st. iviong.pd - Petrated ~uponi., -.
the
.United States, and who shall OM, :when 1 lietn.by ..his negligence' of '.iequieSeettee.:..4--.......
'elected, be an inhabitant - -of that 'State in ; And, sir, se flu. ds-toy action ii.Conecined,l .. . :
which he shall be chosen.". f . . neVer will- uphold ••or - c
otinteirain:e ;-a despot -,
. .
It is not in the po...v"er •of the States or Tt4.;; . ism anywhere on. , American ''sOil..:-.Nott :.by . .•',
rifories to require other Oi . . additional qualifi- any . act of mine, 411'11 directly - or :hidireetly , . -
cations than those vecilied in this article' of , grve aid and support -to , a':-usurpation miyi •
the Constituti9n. . . ' , .
... -1 where on the rights . aid liberties, Of--._Atueri-L
-.
In Barney!
. es. Mcerecry, . first se , :sion, ' can fre.erneir. = ~. ~ -- .„
Tenth Congress, this was the only point in- Now, sir, I summon Mr. • tlaiton - to', the
..
•Volvedfiiii the'etattest. By a
! law or Mary. stand, who ker4d the Republic, in 44.1iig t h
'land Ildtiniore city and county Wit,S made posts of litaibr, i l hrough'iy lint life,,, , na tin'
one Cdugressional district, entitled to two d ea d, Om li ves -in the he,rt.4 l . - o f lii s .'' co u n t r y:
IM. , mbeile. - --; inid the law "further. - reqnirt:d that nom..'. I read :front his ,altliost - dying' deciatii.
one shofdd In: a resident of the city and the tin% uttered - in the CounCil Chamber of,the .
other dt the County. Barney, living !in the. Republic.. I call the attention of the noose- -
e*.ty cOnt9tted Mcereery's seat, on the ground and the 'country Co - bis dedaratan asr.ot,the.
that both members - could not, under the law character of the ilms:.tiniti do - rerun:ea , ill
of Afai-vhind, reside in the coanty. Thu Kansas, whie!i we-are no called .upon „to.,
House 'decided, •by a vote of 89
,to 16, that 1-recognise liyottr aetien. At the . 'ittst session .
.McCreery wits entitled to _his seat, And that ,I.Of Congi'ess,whett'Mr, - Wht4ieil was udotitof
the eonstitutitin of ;the, United States having I.,,tat a,svitt as Delegn . te.friilli , t4 '4ti'itor,l.: - ' l ', or,
fixyd th - Frralitieatiitns of members, no dddii- lbitiitSas, the.fiturse had not been offietahlt irt- . .;
ional qualifications can rightfully be required. fo'rined.a4,to the,,ebaraeter , .of.;the, 0, col -tip- ,:•
,
by the State i 'thus ;setting aside a law of a f inept of that,Territory, , Or as to On t006.0r
sovereign*State. 1.10- twelfth section Of the manner of Its.furitiation, :It isjro:: , , , ive had ,•
election law 'of Kansas requires as a qualifi. what we considered, rink tai, q, 'ws'lii:tilif
cation for a
. pelegate that he shall possess proven to be, authentic infore;44o4l4l
the qualifications prescribed for ; .voters.— gentlemen thought they
_iierti(44iiikitied-,iri -`-
Those qualifieations:areinhabitatiey t pay Men I, - i the ah.senee Of .olheitit cil4olloi 111_,Fefig_411140,
'of anwritorial tax; and oath to Nupp6s... the i allow- the-nsual outh-,:iitolVice tO: PC:iiditOO- -
I Fugitive Slave LaW, and never having been -I ,tered,.. But yow,‘With,effiehil i f,riftlrinittii?ni4 •!,.
fined under the Fugitive Slave ;:Alit` in any [the Intuit itti - d violeiten„.,Of - the - ; clectiOiiii 2- that - ,
court of any State ior Territory. ',l7l\i's law . ;rear e d, the : l4+o* ire are asked Ii) revr-
periid!s Indians who,Ltre not pitizensto vote, opise ti-fis GoveVottleof, :iirNeli •ho.4fole:e# -,
.but prevents white; men,. if they have ever 'characterised' yy sonic - a:the ~411.40j10,,Pf1: . ,'
been convicted °env_ violatien of the:Fugi- ''the Reputie. Mr.: Claytori In tiitTic4".!l'
rive Slave Law, 1 whether such .cOnvietion these lawa,
says - _ - .%, : -.,..
_were 'criminal proeceding or Civil action for -‘• Now, : air, l e gion liVda' l 4:ol 4 -sOWt
the recovery of • an penalty prescribed by which - is the, great'caase Of ;all- t,his.dlictitit,.
:said net:" ,Any person' that has been at Any between ihe . twe l ifouseco The. r . :liiifili#l,Afio
tiine,?,o convicted Cannot vote in Kansas tip., ,q,iiitinAtit, oppressive, a 1 .4 infaffitm; - 1 1010,.91.„
Jai', and is, Older /er laa . St laatigtbie ;as a , Sate4 l 'tl. - Almt KOfr_ajt lorgiAitnOt ai:i.4:::ot- )
rrearniaiive• in- !grin& , '-, - rj; , • ;. '• -',, Vd, Pugh_t i. 4. ,bc 1- rPtnit. ; .4,:b . 02 14 ...„t94 . . ( Aryrtt. , :-..
The Senatoe front Delaware,_. (Ms. clay. '-'t
~-,,'''. ' ' haft are 4 1 9* 4 3 . 1iii,i# - .. 1 - : . ..P114::447-114.01:„' - -,
! tonj_whose bier has just pitssed'io tlie - ditir . eh• sencl - s , ii k alaii 11 _ 111 44.-/aPOr ICIT)let liiitt:#ol9 -',
1 yardijn, speakirg of this law -_ in the *Pato- two rats; Yfor , dariktg ectdif.t . ipa 8#0,004n,
1
1 qbarfaker. with atutuallis -dying breath, said : iihether Shiver i i exists, OT - 40011:44tt, - .14:.. - ..,
`.. - - • - - - - ----4
GI
"1 deneunee - this as' an unjust -Slid, ertfel
-
Its tig;iinst one.seetini of the . Union,;.o4 - W .
I insult to honorable inen wink dill1;r: tofsity
4 with me on rent-gquestions --of poliii*,-„antr.::
1 yet sre as honest as I - Jun, or
~_-'any:rnaM on
this fbiorA * * * I hold thiS:injustiksjiy
be unexamplA. -* -.* I*.. Sir, it-is-arihlit•
unheard din. the history of thift eliutitry.,l4it
in the introduction of . a Territorial .LPrivern.:,
ineut, you should require.trien in the,Vctii
tory to sweats to support acts. of Cott.
, ' •
Take, then, the law or Kansas, the.certin;,,-
este of election of this-Delegate, and the COn,'
stitution . ot the. United Statesi and "Put,_theiti:
side by side, and 'they fail to'nfalieotti pi:-
Inc facigAntsel tr,r they show that..„ther'eleit.
tion, itself was inValid ; there heintr::#o'.valiff,
andcrwhich it could he
13ut sir, in :Zillion to- the"-invaellik an 3
nliconst:tutionalify of the legialation,:af
g 5., there irs still amither 'reason svhy
House should not recognise it, for. it:would.
he giving support - and dluntenatai3 to a most
odious despotism. !in; At.0 1 17"0i1..- - 136. th; s.
braitehes Of (',4mgress,
fuSed- to apurOpriate t moneY etn'•itf; - it, :-
for the double reits44 tharit• wasra - usurpa .
tion and despotism combined . --a-.tiespiqint.
that we are asked . TO recognise • after. 112(1.0: .;
cOrded opinions at It character. nit onlY •in -
the recorded, acts of both - b.ratiches.' . ol?-QM-,
gre.!s , ,.but also by Such Men as-G;;neral.ca.sg,,,
Clayton, Bayard,, - .erittenden, Waller; atld
other B.enators, not .be rilarded, :I
trust, as fanatics. Genera l .. the 2nti •
of J uty last, sold on the floor of, the Senate.
. . .. •
• " Thure is no doubt that some of tile shit:
ut ( ; : 4 1 ti.:F. e d I the .I..egiAnture . Of Kansas ate
- a disgiiire to tfri age and the country. ..ft• re:.
• peat" the strong expression--Haiiispiioe 19 'act -.
age and the country.] .. Such is ntyfiria..con- . ,
vietion. Heavy penalties. are - inipo:o:l,-,to .•-
p.revent 111. t . pcoph; from arguing -Attes, - .
tion of abstract right., X',w. a
I aslt4ii„hoW-
have the p:pple of Kansas full . liberty to: phis
/I
laws establishing ; their, • orntvtie:felations - ftir r ,
themselves i if they are notiltoweil. ttt'iliOnss- -.
them- ? : •It is ineOnt , iAent :With th.d aganie
• ~,
.act."
reft-r to the opinions of Senators
,cif IX-.laware, and Criitenderi i - •nf Keutttc y.;
e't4.taiii Iy. they wit) :dl i argi...tr cps:
eia! fentatieistn, coining as"they do frpntslave
States, wheee this kind .4 , Cfanatteinit,'
,t;n•
_ . - -
recdum a'nd Fre . e Teiiritory,of 1.1e1,1-
tietnen affeet to be-su touch afraid,'.doeg nut_
prevail. I summon thenT r to the stand, ;there=
fore, as cool and diSpai"stonateAilincS4ei.lit
- ,
speaking of . these laws, fiayard says
"There are certain of the-laws al Kansiti
which arc, unquestionably.' in -,
shacking t 4), the. moral :sense. 'There • are .
evr fain - of the . lawS. t
.ICansakjle*,:_itoia46.
-natural rights.7—ton. Oloh - e; Extra
_SesSioni ,
Thirty-fourth Cotture . R• --
Mr. Crittenden says :,.. . 1 , •
• .
" But-sir. vett. prOniised,• in the it.entl
Jaw. that. these peoplel...zhouli3.4e left peticetici
. free to vote,..and. decide .1. s :Olt
)y itieir Cote
. •
question . whiCh - you.ha s .
ve t:bniitted• to theft);
auti . Yet you say ,giro will not repeal .thattcw. ,
eniiiiiraneeou the right of iliflrage,: . 'whieli4tei,:
wally prOst rates; it, and:renders it uselesaAa'
an hot lest • and th:ise.entictr.t . . mom
von - oak n a condition
pi•elliuitiary to their i voting., 'that -, they. sliilil
, .
. . .
s*ear to. su.hport iI4-:(r that
Spealiln. 61 then Weiler; 'Or
CalifOrnia, used thiAufanatte . :
‘) They are so InfltioriuS in their eharante . t,
that.l.tun unwilling-tluis ;should stand upon
the statute hook of pity of .the: Tetritorie4 of
this Uoion. I believe thtiyviolate Yiiil<i~lil
-
the Vrganie law, but thelPonstitution':pf 'thus
Uhittd . B;ates. o * ,
Ttte tsit T ate regartintl tho- acts tils4eit
by the I gis(ntire eoun&-of
ME
El
~ . _ .._ _ ...':''fir."