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. ,
. •
tritARLES V. READ: & II I. tDITOR s §-. ,
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MITI= PROW Itlf.E.E. JESSUP.
•
Mr. I..zsAsolt. 8 niA. Aug. 19;1856.
Mr DEAR, Fent/in-:7-1n accordance with
Our Plan mentioned in a previous letter; and
suggeated no less by . ' the interesting nature
of the scene to be visited than by
~.tt regard
for our own health; we setout this morning
from; Our mountain hoine in Dunia, for the
os d a ra 'of Lebanon and the Ruins of Baalbek. .
When .oue has been applying hire Self con
stet:l4lY to books and study for a Long-time in
this climate, a kind of_nervonS Vieakness.
comes' upon the system, bringuThg with it, an
indifterence to mental' pursuits ,which the
experience, of Missionaries in years past, and
our oWn brief experience, proves to be •most
effeetnally relieved by a change of :air and
occupation. _This is found in Syria by , tray
elingover the mountains, and as we are just
beginning ajourneY which will continue for
a week if our lives and- health are,' spared,
1 wilrWrite the journal from day to day for
the benefit of the loved Ones at home.
'Setting out upon a journey in Syria is a
far difterent thing. fronrianything you have
'ever known, unless it were in those . early
daysof Montrose histor when lall traveling
was Cm horseback., and tg:. lawyers accompa
nied the judges from town to' town, carrying
kheir baggage in saddlebags. I think that a
Syrian Missionary would make a very good
'Western Pioneer;
This morning ire bad no railroad
, tickets
ito buY, - no depot to reach, no carriage to put
WO , Rtaiite: - to perplex us,
'month plank- road before is to efil
our tastes and unfit us for;the Steep
'of life.; The first bnemess johrrk . ,
*provide 's torenzO has j ti horse,
which Mrs. Lyons ride. We must have
`then,:ahorse for . Loren* and inyselfaAule
'for Shehedaniu4 Mennie eabh,,,,and,inulste
carry Our beds, bedsteads,kitehen apparatus,
•
pro Visions and tent. He is not a Wise tray
'tier who neglects his overcoat,: white, embrel-'
',a, drinking:dip, 'Straps; strings, papers,draw
ing PalLii, (if he can sketchy geological ham
ireer, (if he be given to\ scientific. 'research.)
mariners' compass, i'py. glass, :painphlet fir
pressing flowers, and a full supply cif cloth
adapted to the coldest anal the hottest'ex
krenies of weather. The peeket Bible,lrymn
Arabic Testament and Psalter are
'quite indispensable.
• ,
7/er,nlulete-ers:bavTng . ng'redd the night be
fore,to-be ready at sunrise, appear, at that
but, without , mules enough, and we arc
'elayed until 'nearly nine u'eleek: Syrian .
Muleteers are men of a characterl-I.::"grneris.
'hey, re like the rriiiiiirs of ivli&..rn the P.D . 6,5,-
tle:speaks, prOverbially faithless, and if one
makes extensive caleulaitions based upon their
word,lie Will suffer the consequences. For
our tiadclle animals they brought a fine bay
Uwe, and 'a little aslecxdored sleel-skinned
• tneieWhich We thought best Lorenzo should
ride is the mule. was not strong enough for
the At-a little before nine we, set out.-7-•
The "cedars" are a little-North of East iron;
Dui a,hitit in order to cross the fearful ravine
'which lies to theN. E. of us, we had to make
a gtadual descent for an hour in a N. Wester
ly direction and then ascend again ttiree
hotirs before we were out 'of sight of our own
Viltage. With the burniniT suh upon 'our
heeds, and sio* paced itiials, It was tedi
ous, enough. I took my saddle, which I fitid
;doe's very well. Meanie °carried little Mary
in her arms on the back of a Mille.. Arab
.
:feraale.s ride on mules withotita side-saddle,
1;4 ; 4 a cnshion on the top Of the pack-sad
dle„:, without stirrups, and keeping themselves
falling,by holding on a) a rope which
secures the,eushion in its place. It is not.
;surprising that they sometimes. fall, especial
ly when carrying an umbrella. and st
',and traveling over a Mt. Lebanon toad: • Men
nie7a.s thrown before welled been two hours
en the road: ItideseendingtheDurna moun
tas we of the mulberry ,fig and
tgral)e, and the What plitht, Irish potato, In
diint °tin, cobaecti, beans, 'squashes, and egg
plait were•growing side by side rngreat lux-,
urianc, while the hedges were covered with
'i refit clusters of ripe blackberries. This is
lhel,Season of figs and grapes, both of which
nrenoW in their prime. How I Would de:
iglu to - welcome yon to these beautiful gar.'
Beihe and vineyards and show you the tempt
, ,hl4clasters•of large white and - purple gr apeS,.
suet the red and-white 11,s which melt like
nney Pti the tongiie. These are` the native
..
tui.uris - of Syr* and the season pf vintage
`.he; jubilee'of the Mt.. Lebanon 'peasantry,
Ayther descending the mountain, Passing
;the old convent of Mar tobarma (St. bill])
;w here two poor ignorant monks eat arid.
drink 'and sleep, we reach the beautiful level
IValiey about a mile .and a half long and 'an
'eighth of simile wide, through which floiis a
'little river of clear coldwater, irrigating the
large'fields of Indian corn, which seem
much like home, that I almost forget that I
• 'urn; in'SYrilk--- The fragrance of the tassels
,and silk in the morning breeze was almost
t(Ilial to a visit to the old farm at home.
( 'Put hew seen the scene changes Leav
iin4 this heaatiftd valley, We thread our way
ithrough a dirty- village of the.lifetawalis,tuad
Nil a !
,street so harr,ow that the baggage oh
finaiti are 4 ,36441410 Muni and End' an
tOter 'routes ' I We then attend the inountain
Zoe f
.1 1_ r 0 ` 0 Eef oorr-paissing old
ttlins—sh late atone eaeophs4m.izi the field,
*m•ined coat/ int with ha' old oak tree, : the
illtamt universal accompaniment of al•nin in
-*
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. As *e . vproach Kefoor, Mr[and Mra.-t•y
.onS and'l ihke one road; and the rest •Of the
~
cOmpanywith little Mary, another, 'and - we.,
do not Meet again for an honr.*:, At litSt we
reach a fountain, hig h up on - •:the mountain
zi
side, in a ;'sandstone cliff, and dismounting,
await the coming of the 'rest 'whom we see
,• • k
far-away. In the distance.
.LittleMarylbears .
the journey. ( likOnheioliie.
' - You : w . on;ld tWintereited in the :geological .
character.of this goodly.monntain - , - whieh
...We
. ... .
-are rapidly' ascending.. 'We are now riding
over strata Of limestone roCk,,all 'Of' Which
Slope upward froth the sea to • the. mountain •
top at an angle '(if befiteeti twenty and. thir
ty degrees.' OCeasionallyeyou come to abed
of iron ore, 'a vein Of whitiSh yellow - sand
istOnefOr - a. trap-dyke, and' then conic - baek a
:pinto the original limestone rock. These, -
trap dykes or - nnisses of - igneous rock, seem.
to . stand like mentinients on -a' great
. battle.
:field; telling the'historY of telian'On in lan-, -
gnage not to he 'mistaken. . here is a, vast
black mass of trap, standing g all alone among'
the shattered masses of the - white limestone
strata, seeming to , ,exult in a consciousness of
strength and to rejoice at. the -havoc it haS
made—and perhaps- it. would thus`tell its
own story: ‘• Long, long .agoi when the sea
slept on he ,face of yonder mountain sum
mit, and all these rocks reposed beneath its
crystal . ' waters, I was a molten 'shapeless
mass. in the Ner, -- center of the earth. Ileay
i lug, restless, burning for distirietion, I asked
ler a - corOrnission to do as others had done,
in breaking up the.surface of the earth.
request was granted.' And 'forth 1.. can* ,
seething, bubbling, ;heating ,up' the mighty
! rocks, breaking-thrfitigh the'eruet of the earth,
Nrhile the sea tbained ,and boiled, and dashed
, ,
1 -
away in wild confusion as I raised on my
shoulders the vast range of - ..kbanon.' : Y . i.at
see- yonder trio or mountain peaks, ilerpion,
Smly-pi, and • Waknici,„.. On each of those
the. strata lie horizontal d' from the Prim- .
pices at 'their, sides were broken 'off those
litige etiffs'Nthich noty slOpedoivn to the. East
and West, forming a kind of' parapet of Ae- ,
fenee;on either side, A the - great center of the
range ir4.las raised steadily-up from unknown
depths beloW. This black Mass upon - ititich
you now stand extends blit it lett rods On the
Surface, and - then again - the White limestone
seenis to:be the prevailing. rock. 'But. you
will find again a feW fiirlongs away a va t aler
•
. . .
extent of'mv oWn'fiery 'Substance, and jour
ney where - yoii Will on Libation, you
.;will
• find everywhere-pt. - 90s of my . presence, fray'
merits of my . shattered body'. ' You
.:may
think me insignificant, perhaps a niece 'The
m:l-tenon. But go down along ray black
- , .
crystalline sy=stem;-follow 'One .of'thesepen
tagennl eolumr6, and after descending, many
thiJusand tOeit, fir below this liniestone Which
on the surfaee,makes such a magi]," fiteent, dis
play; you "will still wonder at -my vastness
and strength; and when you-, approach the
reilien of perpetual tire, you will feel
throbbing ptise and ;understand that the Same
great force, Which under the direction ari the
great Creater of the Universe, first upheaved
mighty Lebanba and made it the' gloiy of
the earth, is still working far beneath the sur
fam,and-in.its giant pulsations shakes the sol
id. crust :with earthquakes and devastates it
with liquid volcanic fire. Now you may
Intim that lam Lebanon,' for . I .elevated his
giant, ranges,, and new Sustain them upon my
soitzred and blackened_ body. 14 . 05 ,
hardly noticed by the haitening traveler,
*bile yonder . , hefty - snow-white cliff elicits
bis adrnir r ation and enjoys an immortal name. ,
Learn from.iny experience that one may
Arid antibei• reap the fruitS of his labor.
One may tc,il and Suffer,:and another reCeiVe
the praise. • For, i, who constitute the t
mass of crust 'of-the earth ant cornpamaively'
unknown. -While this superficial : film of lime
stone strata which I have, toiled to shatter
and-. uPheave,- dwells - .sunshine above .the
clouds, clad in. a ;Mantle of glory, a narneand
a prait:e in the earth." • '
: In: snch unspoken language have , these
rocks discoursed to me as, I have journeyed
along to-day on the, toilsome ascent of Lobs-.
non. . •
. ..
. ,
We are now on onr *ay to the ( "ce:cial ( s)l
,
whreh are sublime: in !lair' antiquity, and: i'' . 1
Baalbeo which is equally - interesting troth the
strange mystety •*hreh bangs • about its-Ori 9 e .
gin,: but here are locks Older and More 'i,i - en., ,
erable than either; rocks • oin' which the ce
.
Bars grow,nnd from. Which Baalbee ikai firs
balk i . The cedars are 'but the growth of ,i 3 l
day, and 13aalheels but. the child of an hours;
coMpared•withither ! e rock-ribbed mountains''
tinetent .1.8 the - tluni , •
But We must journey on. -After reathinr•
-4!
the summit of the j rairte N. E. of Duma,auf
e.
in a SoutkEasterty direction from TripO l 4i)
'we have a magifilieentprospect . on everysider;l
:After looking - at - he sea,the Southerly monfi;i
tains, Tripoli, and the coast sweeping ha li
Sharply defined curve toward Latakiali, yoh . ,
turn and gaze toward the cedars. There the
Deo' little dark Oven - clump. of trees, fi
hodis or nearly filik*.n miles away. On the
- East, North and'
,i South of them the gr t
summits of Lebanon, smooth and round , '
the shaven held, Of Martmite :Monk,.(
.:,
ging pardon of the mountaktus for the cbm •
ison,). look dote in silence On the sole,
' while toward- the West, the iiiniihithe*
,opens upon the sea tai away and far bel*.
ti;
The mountains are so lofty and grand '
this little cluster of everezteni, seeros
of 1 ' ' th •
rocky: *do in
like a spotmoss on their sides t.
the distarioe. But &w ire the cedarig ll
a 0
. ~, ,
we, will journey on, hoping soon to staiAd pi.
,
I , lr
66 [P I 14
)1
Epon alma gasUNIF aaametir @LL,MErr2V'
&Obeli 'linden+, " bop .., • and• enjoy their
sweet iefreshing- shade. • [ ', , -- ' •
_, '- .
~,rat is.nowtweidelock iP; lci., and we arp
le t.
atOt fiV a houra xlistap ' from them. Our
nilbteers, who are paid ;.by the. day, seem
drnined to lengthen the road , and by de-.
laps . innumer.able,
.. contrive' to disippaint
"o hopes of spending tlie.nightatour place
(101,. estinatien. ;We givO. them Potiee; .6w:
ielo,. that-if they do not!j;et.timAgh,weshall
...,a
t
ii., On our *ay, we win the afternoon,
,
in 4 ia.y them co . more hin.oni.qiiy far the
ljo-irney_ from Piiina' .. tie cedars. . This.
*its their latent energy but they-finally fall
. b 'OE. again, and* are uompelled to pinch
l c tent in an open fief. ~ near a little • foun
t ; farmers in one.field 'eaping and -thresh
i* their grain, and . in another plowing.. and
tzl
i i,
se,iing the cheat just 'hen 'from the thresh
ini. floor. The ',season i ' so. short *On th ese
h ghts six or seven the sand feet above the
that harvest and 'se - come in th e
p..i . Ole:Week.. The. great part of the wheat in
' - 'l3 , ,is i'.§ 'pinter; *heat.i. On the plains be
tA"U'en Lebanon and. ,Anti 'Lebanon (Called the
, 'nkaa) they SuW their
Itio snow, but:here th
•
j seed before cold'
~ . ~. --
ia;)iniountain Storms p event all ,out door
la i5r.. - . As i‘e . came through the wheat-fields
to4ay, the little girls . tairraged in the harvest'
w iild bring a handful 1 4 - .:f wheat ,to our hor
se.;.i -
.expect . ' '-L
- and- a pre,hrit. The enstom. is
pe -, ;nliar to this portion i . f Lebanon, and some
of Ourinen who came ftom Southein - 8 yria
w ' quite offended - by t, - ,'• thinking it 'a dis
te.
gr : ,to the, people. . 'f i et we, gav' i e a little
coin to the Children,- and I thought!
it by no
means s great a . • disgrace . as these Arabs
secred o think. The tnountaincers of Leb
anon
are ani industrion4., bard , working. peo
pleil but they are ~ ' exeeedingly ignorant.—
Nnien the gospel shall have taken hold of the
pc le as it hasln .A.inerica, there'-will be a
stye. of Character dev4iped here which will
i
be.truly noble and' comntandin;:. • The Arab
mid has capacity enough; It ueeda the light
. Of, • th, education . and 'cleVatiOn. As it .is
tiov . 7 the great part of 'the females.. think that
Ile .
t
have no souls,and them entreat them like
slat. - One learns frpm such a state of
thi‘ i how suggestive itn index degree
of ivilization and.-nioral elevation..in a conn
• - the position of, WOIIiSTI.
1
Must not forget to iilludectone of the,
t.;
s tile thing. , ,.; ofto-day i g experience. Many
Plc think that the "cedars" of Lebanon
.Found in but one pace. This is a This
ta y. f4n our road to-lay, we thave passed
th'(isands of young cedars, 'and some of con
siell
rablc size,.all groiving vigorously. They
1 ,,
arotereen
s and beautifPl, having the same
b4t, leaves, and conks -with what I have
settn and s heard of qiceirn ens of the true cedar.
•Tiorrow -will:decidei r : .
re
7, - ih e o r l e ms .7 o e r s t e h v e er e 'a ea l
a s'
i rn , al art l N d 'ill o a u or r es m w u l l t e h te in ers a•
se n - i eci Peteraimed: to . S I :op at one of them.
1 ; s1 s . ..
, k - - and
T 'his we. objected, Mr. add Mrs. Ly
lh
one and I pushed on, I!lpingsto get through
tiffiriiebt. This we fouPd to he impossible,as
o l ittent'and baggage, land above all, little
M fy, were about an lour • • -behind us. As
•
w i
slake:tided a small .W 1 above . the Village,
w`llooked back on the 'road ; but nothing was
t( .I.)e seen of our eonipany— The'sun was
' 4 iidly descending tOvVard the sea, the'great
I
s dows were stealing pp the .ravines-shelow
u l ?the purple hue Was deepening.. on the
g . 41it mountain 4umtni!is alone, and the. air
as growing very .. chilly 'and' damp, when
i J
J renzo ProprisCA Icavlng Me and Mrs. Ly
4is to wait, while he vv.ent back to hurry up
'e muleteers. II shou,d have gone back but
.}tad just been bruised, by the falling of my
iirse,
s and ni.v side s kv .
f ► too- lame to admit of
. s
l' l 'r So LoreniO ref -led ',over one of the
. • W ' lied
1
I
ir.
Tughest roads :1 r p... ei t seen... . e watcl
titnJuatil he (Ilia ealtd below the hill, and
then turned to eonvers -with the people 'who
athered around us, a . they. returned with
'heir sheep and goats nd' bundles of grain
~
grass, -
I,4ind from': the tne. of the labors of
I the day. After half n hour we saw. the
, : intiles coming bUt tore zo was not with them.
!.They had-titken' a difrei•ent road; and he had.
.;not seen than. !I immediately looked around
'for.'a spring,- and with_ the aid of a bOy, soon
found a little Wbblini fohntain of water so
cold that my
attempted to re
We pitched ou
a fire, a shephe
and after. putti
ing .a' few mom
supper 'of•rice,
tired to rest, ju
enough to diap,
hanging over ti
Nir . anszsnaY
ing we arose
breakfast: 111011
days. - ',Chet' w :re in s
_...
we were nearli two h i 1
zigzag couii3e among
hnmded koolb4 . which 1
of the Cedars. The gr,
fragrnenta df iclinitie 1
ails :find . crumbling '1
wheit and ht* et' 41 , 1
isrre
.of the ancient es
. : .
eedars,you - astonis
tire tiblittion.:l'Theie
..... for
.. ,
__ . ,
vuuble miles, we'
in the *tie . vi lage,
flit
down. the-ImA Ttow ,
certainly - but: . -oh,
edge within two mil_
ground is 4; . ,f pelt ye ..
ing stone' h. ois ii:
ROSE, TIOSP2O7-„:-NOVE'N.13,qt.'13,
ODE
wheatlater; as there
:hasten 6 ptit in
winds, and!the driv-
ire benumbed when I
dhe stones from - it.—
tent a onee, Shehedan made
d's bo brought goat's milk,
1 , up o r bedsteads and wait
; nts to Lorenzo ) we ate our
.ggs, b ead and milk, and re:
•t as t e moon had'risen high
l the s 4 ows which had been
e eeds;is of Lebanon.
1
,nds w I
MO
th, 1856.—ThLs morn
luck our tent, ate, our
.were off for the Ce
• ug. 2
rly, st,
tad an
"_ht all of the. time,yet
urs in gbing about in a
e little hills t or rather,
abound in the vicinity
tind was covered with
ock and iron bre, lbs.
1 mestone. There are
.s within twenty rods
you approach the
ed iit their almost en
is hardly another" tree
iting those which grow
uttered here and there
IP. the-Bea.. There is
tree -to- my knowl:
1 The !Wade of the ,
l "w eolob . the preven-
It —tone, and a more
arid, diy, uninViting so . 'could hardly, be
conceived. Thorns and thistles 'abound,=
There are great thickets of a dwarfed species
of the barberry high up under the 'ledges near
tha summit of the 'loftiest M01'111 . 61111. Thete
is one peculiar species of ,thorn (for almost
every shrub on Mt. Leixmon produces thorns)
which grows in little round moands, 'alinut•
foot in diameter and perhaps eight inches
Ugh, *Of a 'tea green: color and:covered with
beautiful fro'Wers. The Tiowerssre dry like
silk paper, and are very tempting, but the
moment your . hand apprpachei them it is
met by innumerable thorns or spines like
needles,- which teach you circumspection zn
the. future.
We are now entering:the'anCient.groVe of
the 'efflara. 'The Muleteers are far behind,
and in the still . sweet air of the morning, we
enter .that'saered shade. Sacred indeed
butnot--as these superStitiouspeoplebelieVe,
on 'account of any sanctifying virliie in the
trees themselves—for this is blaSphemy—
bnt sacred in their hiitaiy, - their : interesting
association's, their mondious antiquity. 'The.
birds are singing in' their. branches,. and the
,breeze sighs in plaintive, melancholy
•
music;ilike the voice of the' pine in a Novem
ber's, night, as we - ride. slqwly - through the
grove, over the undulating surface,- to: the:
level spot used froth time immemorial as a .
camping ground by".travelers from all parti
of the. world.. The''tent is soon pitched,' a
- wpm= is despatched to bring a jar Of water
&one the fountain more than a half hour dis- .
tant, our things ace all arranged, and away
we go,. one to one place, another to another,'
to take -measurements, to sketch,to meditate,-
tO 'Wonder, and toßraise. : .
The reiolts of seme of our investigations
are somewhat as fvlitiws: ,. The grove of the.
ceders stands in vast ampitheatre of lofty
mountains . whieb border it in grand magnifi
cence on the North, East' arid South. The
slope of these mountains downward is at an
angle of nearly fiorty-five degrees, Veirig cov
ered with a lalse sliding soil, of a light yel
low color. The cedars are nearer ,to the
Northern range than to either of the other's,
and nearer'to the Eastern than to the South
ern. It is perhaps one hundred rods to the
base of the slope on the North side. Thi:
.width of the valley from North to South, I
shotild think must be about tivo mid a half
miles, perhaps less. The surface of the val
ley between these three ranges, is very un
even consisting of innumerable small rounded
hillocks, covered with loose stones, thorns
and thistles, but without rocks of a very large
size, though some of them are simply rough
ledges of limestone rounded by the action of
the sun and snows and storms of ages. The
ground on , which the cedars stand is-of the
same general 'chow:ter. They occupy about
six of these mounds, the distance, from out
side to outside ir. ati easterly and westerly
direction being about fifty rods, end nearly
the same from North to South. The differ
ence in elevation between the top Of the high
est hillock and the lowest intervening valley
in the grove; is about one hundred feet. I'
infer this from the tact that we could look
down from our encampment which was •ciri
about the highest level, upon the tops of soilie
quite- tall cedars hi the valley.belott. -The
nurriber of the ceders is about 400, or as Mr.
Calhoun counted them exactly, sW. tlf
these, the greater part are quite lir& and high
many of them being straight ennugh for a
ship's mast and spars. The leiVes awl bark
are almost exactly like the Americtm Fir tree,
and the cones of the ..oilager dregs als'o re
semble them. One peOuliarity 'of these trees
is their angular appearance. The limbs of
the olderlrees grow at right angles With the
trunk, and that too at the very top of the tree,
where the limbs arri ()hen 'Very large,•'giving'
the tree top the appearaht,e 'of aground mush
room, or an umbrella. The top of one of
the' twelve largest trees sends out branches
horizontally so numerous and regular that
one might make a floor ttf great uniformity,
and almost perfectly level, by simply laying
beards from breath,lo branch. The top of
the tree above the limbs, where the silvery
green leaves seem Matted together and springy
kled with' the dark .brown cones,' is like a
Dariutscus earpet.of the finest teiture, and 'is
remarkably beautiful, The tivelve largest
trees are catural wonilera. The people have
a tradition with regard to these twelve trees
that Christ and the eleven Apostler once vis
ited this spot, and stuck doivil their walking
staves in the earth, and front thelii sprung the
greatest and oldest trees. Now such a tra:i
dition as this is Sitrto ly ridiculous, like the
most of the traditions Of' tbe East. These
twelve trees are undoubtedly of great antiqui
ty, the oldest trees in the group., This being
so, the rest Of the group haire grown up since.
Now if Christ and eleven of his afiostleseVer
came over these tertihc mountain pedalo
such a spot as this,-it Was probably to visit
the ceders, but according to-this traditionle
planted the eldest of then; and hence none
of this group were standing before the time
of Christ a conclusion which is falsified by tile
plainest proofs from the structure of the tree's
themselees. Mr. Calhoun who has 'ofter. vis
ited the spot, and has counted the rings Which
indicate each , succimsivo years, growth, infers .
Gom this indiention, as well as hoist the fact
tha these Older trees !mire not increased In
:size for two hundred years, as known from
a 'mune in the send lir pod, ,that the tritee are
at bast as old as the days of •Sbloirion..
were to give' a name to ihe tvielve trees,lt
be the titelve*Patriarehs, and , not the
Apostle&
I have -enjoyed this day's visit beyOnd all
MEI
description, and I 66211 ever 'treasure lip the
meditations and meth 176 connected with.my
first visit to the ced rs of Lebanon. - Ninio I
'can Ittirigide -- a more.
_lorious scene' than-this
goodly Lebanon. wit -n all itsmountain val
leys were filled and ifs hill tops ermined with;
such trees as thesel e " glay of Lebanon"
must hive been som thing gloriOns indeed.
But how much of its lory has departed, and
';'h
this solemn, solitary grove, 'seven thousand
feet •
above the sea, in die 'rc:gion 'Of the snot's,
on a sterile soil, without a fountain or;a stream
to give it vigor-,.seen s to flourishin perpetual
verdifie and ever-ren wed strength, a eMO
. m
iial of the past, a glo y in the present, and a
promise for the future shoWing forth the great
ness, the majesty;'an thesovereigntyot God,
to all generations. he' cedar of Lebanon in
its glory 'Was used' y the . Psalmist, as the
syrnbol_of a righteou Man, and the judgment
of GO opon the unr ghteousness of , his peo
ple is given thus in th : . 10th chapter of Isaialt :
" The rest of the tre .s of his forest shall be
few, that, a child ma write them."
I would , gladly linter longer here and speak
of the numerous all sions to fhese "cedar .
trees," " cedars of ebanon". the " trees of
the Lord which he bath planted" Sze., but
time will not permi ' .
I have nuMereus .
from various poitits
mosses, stones; gum
ers from the grove,
due time. I hive.
the two largest trot
circumference and to
ty to fifty feet.,
not to :rOutittae the
lip es in the trunk of
it his liusiness , to ft
and water trove
.•
bucks 4 hees'h in retur
saint' and
trees, and the•ignot
receive a Viessiirg I .
to these scenes with
stition :Which while
blessings brin - gS
mighty !
Peaceful. is o'ur al
for our coventlnt:k.
Tn UItSD AY, Aag,
friend and brother
17hderi,'his summer
from which Brothe
4 7 violence a few y
night with us.: We
intended visit here,
soon an.t so we.lost
on Tne6day with te
dignity, brought a
in honor of us, -
on a fire made of c
our arrival. - .As w
ed..the' men and the
they ate and were fi'
yesterday - :(three h(
we expressed our re,
so much trouble on,
ly, that we lost the e
the 'night with us, to
hitti farewellaP . 'we
est, ridge of , Leban
bee.,. .
I Will pins° in my journal here for a time,
and keep only a pencil' diary as'it -ii much
easier ip travelling, and when' illY journeying
is over,ll will lie ibe the visit to. Baalbee,
as I tioie 'so s'o'o'n tt,: see it.
' I teel i •invigorat by this (raveling on the
inbuntain heights. There is something in-
Spiringtn•being abl to see seliind sky, moun
tains arid valleys,lo many, many miles dur
ing the!whole, day a you journey alohg.
Perliips this wilt suffice foronce.' . I will
hold, it in. readiness For the first mail after my
, a lp :W grate,
ful,
J..,,0v0 to al. n With prayerful, grate 7
ful, afne:ionate ie embiande, ever your
son. '.. •' . fiENRY IlAitkui Jissup.
THE tdornzies I . iirsica.—Theaolid rock
which urns the ed 4 0 e
of the chisel, bears for
everi t impress of the leaf and the acorn re
ceived wig, tong s n'ee, ere it had bbcome
hardenld by time d the elements. If we
trace Itek to its ro main the Mighty, torrent
which. ertilizes th land with its i copious
streatit , 'clf.siiteeps ver it with a devastating
flood, • e shall fin it dripping in ' chrystal
drops, r
f
om some easy crevice among the
distant hills ;-„ sO, to., the gentle feelings and
affecti s that enrich' and adorn the nears,
and. th mighty pasz ions that sweep away all
the ha Tiers of the oul and desolate society,
may h 'ye sprung u. its the infant bosom in
the sh teed retire' 'ent of home.. "I should
have b en an atheis ," said John Randolph,
"if it ad hot been for one recollection ; and
1
that W's the memo y of the time, when my
depart d mother sed to -take my hands in
hers, d Cause' .eon my knees to say,
'Our ather.iihich' art in Heaven !' "
Ft-4148L S
or surnme ,
ext tha.skin 1
1" lodien," 11,i
, thus causi
od to the sin
een that is t
" red," for w
• r, and bee°
•sous.. Cot
isture from
conveys it
roes ow thf4
the ()Whiar
y. its nearer
• tied iiithot
g these prof
ors even in
ies. Wear ,
.ffusei Jos
mu!)
mer.
A
are el
steel
for
have
steal,
WAN B
teen istabt
n our count
14,11
e best (nee
Dit)::-.©40.4w
1856:
sketches of the cedars
of. vie*, an 3 t'he_eones,
rorri the trees,-and flow- '
will send or to .you.in
'milted to meutioulthat
- arc aboUt i s lity feet in .
others yary from.twen
peOple ire very 'careful
tree; and in old monk •
'no of the.tree; mak:ng
rnish . honey, milk, fruit
le r; and then . C.:tpect.a
There is a church fur.
rship under one of the
tit people 'Celine:here to .
Thank God WO - can come
ut that idolatrous super.
I •
t professes. to expect _the
vn the curse of the Al--
ep Under this cool shade,
ping God is here.
t 41556.--lesteiday our
Glitri . tui 'came up from
sidenee,Sthe smile town
Wilson was driven .out
'ears ago,) and' spent . .the
had informed him of 6tir
int-he came one day too
a grand least. Ileearne
men in all his honsuiar
sheep,. and slaughtered-it
er - the''cedars, roasted it
e branches, and awaited
did not come, he lurk-
monk .to the feast, and
ililed: lle came Up again
urs on a'hard road)-and
rcts, firstly, that, he had
our account, And !setond
6ntertaiument. : Ife spent
d this morning iao bade
tired to bliintt the high- .
1
n oft oUr Wdy to. Baal:,
tars..--Put it oii
. at once,
nothing - better can he
than a loosc, red woolen
it has rootn'to move on
ig a iiiilation which drawi
dam and keeps it there;
e case no-one can take
its flannel fills up, mats
es tight ,stiff, heavy and
.n wool merely Absorbs.
the surface, while•wcilen.
om the skin and i:tuposi is
utaide of the , shirt, front,
cotton
_shirt absorbs it,
exposure to thi air,• it is
t injury to the _body.—
rties ' red woolen is worn
id.summer of the hottest
thinner material in sum
, 1 of Malik •
Mmtanctului.r—There
i shrnents for mantifiteturlOg
these lave -. eaptte*y,
4 Was
. pet iinnuat. We.
in the world for making
TER, & smrrn PUBLISIIERS--VOL
FItAZ
MiseOliplepit,s, - --.' .:
THE .SANDHILLERR.
WANT SLAVERY DOES YOE THE POOR. *MITE MAN.
A correspondent 9f Life' Illustrated, trav
elling in South Carolina, : thus ,describei the
c4dition of that, miserable class Of witites,
Studitillers, whom the employment of l slave'
Tabor. by the Wealthier 'elass,has driven into
vagabondage: Shall another such ownmuni
tyibe 'raised ufi in &moss!'
Betivien the " low - country,"' as it is cal
-1- and the "upper country;", of South Car,
()lip; lies the middle or sandhill region; A
large portion of this tract, which varies froth
ten to thirty miles, is covered with forest.s of
pine, interspersed here and there viitikd
ety of other trees. Where it is tindeulti
vation, the principal crop js . cotton. But the
!and is not generally fertile,' and much of it
is likely to remain for a long time a partial
wihlerneis. .
The country itself presents few - intereSting ,
features, but it is the hotne,of al singularraee
of people, to whom may 'profitably devote
a few paragraphs of destriptiOn . .•,
In travelling through the:" ritiddle.Conntry,"
I often passed the rude ; squalid, cabins of the -
Sandhillets. - All the inmates flecked_ to the
door of their windpviess 'doinicile , to stare
at. me: And such lank, scrawny, 'filthy
aif.beings I never beheld elsewhere--'tot even
Within the purlieus of the " : Five Points . .."
Their • compleition is o ghastly Yellowish
white, without.the faintest tinge of wholesome
mi. The hairof the adultsis generally Sandy,.
and that, of thcv children nearly ,as. White as.
cottor. ..The children are even -paler, if -pos
slide, than the adults, and often painfully hag
gard.atid sickly looking.
They- are entirely: tmedneated, •and sena.
barbarous in all . their habits, veryklell and
stupid, and . , in' general social position; far-be
loic the slave popUltition around them. .
fact the negroes - look down. upotyhem with
. mingled feelings of pity and contempt. They
are"squatters" on lands belonging-to others,
either with or. withou t their
-consent. They
sothetitnes. cultivate,; or rather plant a small
patch of ground near .their a bibs, raising a
little corn and a feir cabbages, ..ttielon4"imd
sweet 'potatoes., The .agricultural operations
never extend any beyond this.
Cort-bread, pork, and :cabbage.' (fried in
lard;) seem - to be their principal articlei of
'diet. To procure the' latter, and hat few
clothes .they require; they make: shingles; or
baskets,. 'Or "g a thei:, 'pine knots and ber
ries, 'which they.sell \in the Villages'; but be
yond
what is ret - juired to'supply' their very'
limited actual •ndcesSities, they will nt.t
ivork. , - •
.
Their principal employments are hunting I
and fishing, and_their •staudard amusements
drinking whiskey - and
. fighting.s-„ - . • .•
Their dress is, as primitive as their habits.
The women and children invariably-go bare
headed and bare-footed and bare-legged, their
only garments 'apparently 'being a koacse . cal- •
ice), The men wear a cotton shirt, 'and\trou-'
sers of the cotton home-spun cloth of\khe .
country, with the
. addition sometimes of an
t r ipper garment too • rude and shapeless.to
named 7 Ordeseribekl. • .
I one day met a MicTratirig family of these
miserable people. On . a •most sorry, lung,
and 'almost 'fleshless sub4itute for a horse,
were peeked the entire household effects of
the 'family, consisting of 4 bed and a few,
choking utensils. Two .srnall - children occu
pied the top of the pack.. Two largertnes,
each loaded . With a bundle, 'trudged bdhind
theii Mother, Ivho appeared not more. than
17 years of age. The fathei, a gild, sinister
loOking fellow, walked a little iii 'adVatiCaof
the rest, with . hialong riffe l .on his shotilder,
•and his hunting-pouch by his. side, . ,
;A:corre.spondent of
.one or the city dailies:
thus • describes an encounter with a Sandhilt
familr • •
, Here, on, the road, we !pea a family; wi)
Itit've been in. town. A little girl of ten years
old, with a coarse old fragment of a dress on,
is sitting on the back bone of a moving idcel.
eton of a horse, which 114 the additional task
of trailing along a rickety lapeciitien of a wag
on, in vritich is seated a ratan--a real outside
squalid barbarian, Maudlin and ,obfuscated
with bald-faced whiskey, - with :a 'child four - or
five years old by his ,iiide: Behind this, a
haggard-looking
,boy upon another skeleton
of a horse is coming. - -
- What an old, outlaildish,Tow.Wheeled cart
the horse is pulling! , There' sits the old.
woman - and' her grown 4 daughter, with
nothing on, apparently, except a dirty bon
net,and a coarse and dirty gown: The daugh
ter has a basket by her side, and the old wo
man holdsefitst to a suspicious looking stone
jug, of half a gallon Measure, ,corked with a
corn cob. Your life on it, that is a jug of
whiskey. The family have been to the. vil
lage with a couple of one-horse loads of pine
knots used-for-light Wood. They have
_pro
bably Sold them for a dollar, bailor which
has doubtless gone for whiskey, and now they
.are getting home. Degraded its .they are,
you see it is the Man who is . helpless, and
the woman who has the care of the jug, and
conducts the important e*pedition. There
are' hundreds such, people dispersed through
these 'sand hills. You see the whole or this
party are bare-legged and barefooted, And
how bony and brown the" are And it is a
curious fact, that in all temperate countries
the children of all semi-barbarous white People,
(except Sir 'Henry Bulwer's black or red
headed Celts,) and all Anglo-Saxon back- -
woods, or mountain, or prairie people, have
cotton-headed or flaxen : headed children;
.-
w indeed is theloWest.chise of the white
people in the Sou therm States,. though nowhere
else have i found them gaiter degraded as
in South Carolina...." Poor tinersh. "'poor.
white folks," arc the terms by. Which the
negroes• designate them, and in. the word
" poor"' a great deal is meant hi this &trine°.
tion. It. includes hot only pecuniary po-ver
ty, tut 'gin:trance, - Worishiresa and general
social degradation The Southern negro nev
er applies the :word poor to arty, one . who has
the manners And bearing of a gtntlerrin, how.
over light his Purse.' Poor white man": is
an object he looks down Upon---an object of .
pity or contempt.
.IgrArnOnm -- the other frauds resol ... to
yesterday ;by the_demoonte in this State 4 1 .14
county ) was the arculation ef what they .eat:
led "at .rieiriont **tie
ticket was-not Seined i* the friends efrre'
wont; and thOlp• .eni,teged girtntlteenert..
ey knew they, were emid4 4 in'r.a.pteeinf
raskality for which a lodgment.in the - pertlten.
tiary would be a suitable reward. , - Hones
-4/6 Dnitotrat:
EOM
tea t 4
=I
El
El
~._ •-.:
I2eetionSeente*Ligew York. •
Several -very good I.alo49t4mare' reported ,
.of the Repnbliiia'attaiiii#, for Assenibly in : •
the First Distriet. One is, the t iihiteoo ari
election tour he dropPed into the "_lie it and
'Chickend" to prevail on 'sortie .dotibtful"
who "could appreciate It was ,
late at. eights ''But, before we,proceed fur- -
tber, it is necessary to say that the - Republi
can candidatefor the:First AssemblyDistriet
is, like many ; other intellectual'rnett, remark
able fur brevity of maitre,. Otherwise he is
unobjectionable. And afte ll,'a aftfoot or two - '
longer or - shorter than the_ common herd, is
a mere matter of taste; for' Whieb.a min is
neither to De praised nor blamed; - But all ,
men, and. 'particularly those ahoynthe ttoin
mon height, are not disposed tO look upon . -
any large de g ree of srnalyiess '
So thought the 'RqpnblitatC,A*mblyman's.
constituent- , -One of our colored brethren,
of magnificent proportions, to whom theafort, 7.
'said candidate for .the Assembly Was -intro? '
'duced while on an , eleetioneering,tour, in the\ \
aforesaid "Hen and Chickena.' Oa hei fig
invited to -" take something hot and warm,"
by the generous candidate..fOr the . Assembly, %, _
he raised himself;to his_fulf height, and with
a curl 'upon his. lip2that- rivaled the twist . in
his hair, exelairned in a loud•-voice,
41 Mu you de-candidate for 'Sembly,-down
town r.
'l•he short, but patient--and long-suffering
candidate, re7 r ,lied, touching his
,hat,and bow-
lag to his colored 'cOnstituent" I am, Sir—
won't you talie a smile - Is" , '
His colored constituent raised himself again
—again the curl in his hair seized upon his
lip, but as the scent .of the ".something hot,
with sugar and a slice 'of leniori," greeted his
expanded nostrils, he. simmered down, and
With a sigh exclainied•
" Well, little chap, you may be smari, btit
you is darned small—fl take_a drink."
114 smiled. - . •
And soon - afterwards the Republican elm-
didate for Assembly in the X.irst District
found,himself, in ail his `constitutional short
ness, attending to his . political' interests in .a
lager-bier saloon in Greenwich street. here '
azain his brevity was the cause of wit. -
had called for " bier laaer." and in, company..:
with three fat and joll y i Teutons, 4 - 0 in the
act of conveying the foaming beverage to Ins
naming rips, in response to Atoist favorable -
to his prospects, When another fat and thirsty
Dutchmen asked: •
•
"Jab tat ter ReptAligangan Ta. ine-
Cot, Vet gatididate I .I , coot put
hem een my pockets." 1 .
"Faith an if ye did," retorted brevity,
4uoting from turran,- "ye would have rnore .
'brains in yer pocket, than ye ever had inlyer
hi.ad, ye big Dutch blackplard. l !
The retort took the Gerinans down they
,
roared and , roaredagiiin, the victitiirjoitiing
- When he had recovered" is
• ed, " Dunner a veter ! tat is good . pese.r as
furs rate. I veel vote. fur you, little feller
-zwei lager bier, py tam !", < _
Sit Irpr4llA.
"Sit upright t sit upright,. my- soul" said
a lady- to her son George, who had formed a,
\ wretched habit'Of bending Whenever .he at
down to read. His mother, - had told him
that he could ; not . breathe right unless- he at
upright. Butit was no use; bend over he
would \ln spite of ail his mother could say.
"Sit bpright, 11 ter George!" cried his
teacher, at Geor , bent over his copy book
at school. you 'don't sit upright, like
Master
,Charl- N you will , ruin - sour health,. •
and possibly die, of 'eonsurnplien."
This' startled Master George. He did not
want to die, and *felt -So after
School he said to his teacher t , .
°°.` Please', sir, eiplain\fci hoit binding
over when I•sit can eause\me.tp have the con
sumption." . ° . •
".That I Will, George," rePlied his teacher,
With a cordial smile. - .1 4 Theres an element
in the air called oxygen, which\is necessary
to make your blood circulate, and \ to help it
purify itself by throWing off Nvitet\is called.
carbon. When you stoop you eStitiot take -
in - a sufficient quantity, of air to acconiplish
these purposes ; hence,. the blood remains
had, and the air Cells in' your lungi
The cough - comee on , next, the lungs uleerafe,".
aril then you die. 'Give* the lungs rdom,tc,
,inspire pie _ my of air. and you will not be in. s
jured by study. Do you understand the
matter . now,, George r _
"1- think I do, - sir, and I will 'try to situp-
right. hereafter," kaid George. .
:LAMARTINE I S OPII9ON OF WOYEN.---NO
man with weaker passions than man is supe
rior to him by the l sonl, The Gauls attribut
ed' to her ati additional seiise, the divine sense:
They Were right,: Natu . re has.giveit women
*two painful blit 41eavenly gifts which distin
guish them, and often• raise them above hu
man nature---conipassion and .enthusiasin.--
By compassion they deVote thensobiscli-by
enthusiasm they exalt. themselves. Wha t.
more bies heraiim require 1' They have
more heart and more imagination than then;
4nilusiasm sprifigs from the imaginaticin, and
self.sacritice froth : .th e heart; - Women -
therefore, more naturally heroic than Men:
• All nations hatte in their, annals some of
those thiraeles c( patriotism of whichwoman
the instrument - in the hand of God. When
all is desperate in a national Canse,'.waneed
not yet despair while there remains a spark
of resistance in a woman's heart, whether she
is called - Juditli, Celia, JOaa of Arc, Vittoria
-Colouna In Italy,. or Charlotte Corday
,in our
own day. God forbid that • I 'Coinprit tht
-TBite, Judith and Charlotte Corday siert;
-ficed thettiseliw,but their, -sacrifice (Ha not
'recoil at.erilne. Their ins piration: yru . 4ero.
le, liut.theirheroism mistook its aiai it took
the pol n a r d of the assassin instead
of the hero Joan of' Are used only the
sword
of defence; she was not-merely inspir
ed by heroista, but waa inspired by God.
AcrroW or SUGAR :ON ?SS' Timm—The
Charleston (S. C.)htedicaLicurtnil states, that
M. tare; his ;nte A tigationa ,
on the teeth, art veti`at thi gdictWing.cooltt.
sioni ;-- -
First-463414d sugar, from aim. cane of
beets, is injurious to healthY_ teeth; either by
imniedhtte.,t4ntact. with _these. ittatis„;_or by
03 .aeirotoped, owing tti its s toppage in
the tOnutork
SeCtSl4-.-•.it tooth nteccratectilMt•stitil,
rated solution org4 ll . l Vit 400 . 04,i 1 0 is
the thorniest - cOtupositioti'o44 , fV`'he , ,Corneti
g.,/ 1 0 0)0,1444 . I .t• 61403 0 .91 1 4 4 34ei . : . 5p0ngy;
anst
Thifit-' 4 4hie modification is dui, out, to free
acid, but to a lendeney of anger to combing
With thit ealeareouli basis the too*
E
ril
MEM
El
- L
14r,CY.14
.
ER
lail
R
H
121