1
El
, F
,
CJ AI4LES F. READ H. FRAZIER, ADITORS:
,
, r. II
oets'
MIR
•
A CCONTE4ST. , •
" •
'We have; rarely read,lsays late English writer,
• e 7
anything more simple and touching than,,the follow
ing contrasted poems:
; LOrs.! - .
When woman's eye grows dull,
[And her cheek Oirleth,
When fades the beairtiful,'
• ;Then man's - love farleth
4He sits not beside her chair, •
Clasps riot her, fingers;
Twiata not the , damp hair
• . .4:, F Thitt 'o'er her brow lingers. •
lie comes but a moment, in,
i Though her eye bghte.ns,
•
'Though her.cheek,lale and thin, '
• 1 Feveri,firly brightens • ;
He stays but a moment near,,
When that flush fadeth,„
Though true affection's tear •
Her soft eyelid sliadeth.•
Me goes from her chambertihnight
-;• : Into life's j_ostle-:.• € ,- •
Ile meets at the very gate - •
; . Business and butte.,
thinki not of hei
ithin, -
Silently
ge forgets in that riolsy din
That site is dying!
in.
And when her heart is still, •",
• ••1 Whit though he mourneth,
Soon from his sorrow- 1 a chill
Wearied he sturneth,;- 1 ,
Boon o'er her buried head . = '
Memory's light setteth, •
!And the true-heartCd dead,
Thits man fc!rget•tedit. •
•
,WOmAN s LoVE. •
Nihau man is waxing frail, '
. Mid his hind is thin and weak,
! . And his lips are parched and pale(
f. And wan and white his cheek,' ;„
toh, then doth . wonian prove
.iller constancy and l love t
t• •
Slic sitteth by his chair '
And holds his feeble hand;
She watches e,yer there;
• His wants to understand;
His yet unspoken will
IShe hastened" to flail, •
t • •
o
She leads him, when the noon
t Is bright o'er dale and hill, '
And all things, save the tune
-Of the honey-2 es,'•are still,
; Into the garden'i beers,
To sit mid.herbs atitl-flOs4rs.
And when he goei not there,
To feed on 'breath and bloom,
She brings the flo* ers rani' •
Into his darkened room C
f And 'neath his Weary head ,
The pillow smooth, loth spread.
• „ '
1, Until thehour -when death
t His lamp of life ',ion" dim,
I She never wearieth, •
Site never 'eaven" him ;
'till near him, night and day,-
• She mecteth his eye alwav
And when his •'trial's o'er;
f And the turf is on his breast,
Deep in her bosoin'i core
r - Dic sotrirws,i.thexpreased;"
!i Bei fear i' her siihs are weak,
lier settled . 4, , rief f. 4.), speak. ~1
• ;
C .
.t.rid though there, may arise ,
• - for her sr4rit's pain :
And though her quiet eyes , .
May &otuttimel smile again—
; Still, 5ti11 . ..41e mmit "regret ;
She.never can forget
■
"Ales aril
•;
•• , . • ,
Fros Reedladle'', of Ta4le talk of Samuel ?ogcra
••
'WITTY AND. AMUSING ANECDOTES..'
1 . -WELLINGTON.
' Skeaking to me orßonapar.te,,the Duke of
Wellipgtou remarked that in oneirespect he .
was superior to all, the Generals who-had ev
er existed. "'Was it,"? . l asked, 'in the man.
agement and arrangement of,ti's
`-,,,trocipsr answ,red the Duke, lit was
,
in ms power of concentrating such vast mas
. ses!'pf men—a Most important p?int . In the art
of war.' -
hare found,' said, the Duke\ that raw
tr4ps, however inferiOr to the old . troops in-
Inahce,uvring, are fatf superior to them in
doi'mright hard fighting with the 4 enerny..
,At!Waterloo: the 'young ensigns aid lieuten.
ah#3, who had never before seen a battle,insh
' ed to meet death as if they had been playing
at. Cricket.
The Duke 'thinks very highly of Napier's
lih.;tory ; •its only full., lie says, is that_ Nay l !
pier is sometimes apt to convince himself that
a thing must be true, because he wishes to
believe it. Of Southey's History he merely
said: \'l don't think much of it.' • • •
tOt the Duke's perfect coolness on the most
thing occasions; Colonel Giarwood gave me
-this instance : He was in great 'danger of
b'eing drowned at sea.- It was bed-time when
the captain of the, tressel came to-him, and
said : -, It Will soon:be all otter with, us.':+-•
t Very well,' answered the bute,‘thed-I 'will.
oPt take off ny boc6.' li
-4
STD Er-SMITH.' • •
He said that—`t-vvas so fond of oontradic
tjon that-he 'would ;throw up tbie window in
the middle of the night and contradict the
Watchmen who was Calling the hom - e
• .
When hi phystelan advised hirn x. 'to ' take
a walk upon an empty stomach,' Smith ask
•ed, 'Upon whose'? -
' Lady Cork,' , said Smith,l l -• was once, so
Moved ; by a chariti f sermon, that She begged
fne to lend her a - guinea for her contribution.
I did's*. She never' repaid me, and spent it
On herself.' !: . - .
He said that 'his idea of heaven was eat
, •
tug foie gras to the sound of trumpeta.'
j 4 1 had a vO,l odd dream last night,' said
Ile ;'‘ I drited that there were thirty-nine
!twat and nine! Articles; and my hea d; is still
..
quit confused abqut them.'
. .
= 1 • . lERSKINE. : '
err Lord Erakine heard that somebody
had worth tWO hundred` thousand pounds,
f• ' he a r ed.: .' Well, that's a pretty sum to
, 1
been e next world with.' ' ::
' Atiend of mine,' said Erskine, ' rude suf
ferinMs a continual wakefulness, and y.a-
T
rious ethods sere tried •to send hint to
sleep tin vainil At last his'physieian re
soan experiment, which , succeeded
,- Perf ; they 4resseci him in a watchman's coat,' a lantern into his hand, placed ini
In a -box, arid, he-was ksleep in tenmin
uttut.' f ' • ' - -
~' To etters soliciting his ' subscription '
to .au g, Enikine had a regular form of .
I.teP
,tr, • ' Sir, F feel much honored by
i .Pur ication to me, Mid I beg to subscribe'
rtel y
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1
OM
here the reader -hid to turn over the leaf
\-- 1 . myself your very- obedient serrt,' &e.'
Erskine used to say that when the hour
came that all secrets should be revealed, we
shOuld ,know the re,ason, Why—shoes are al
ways Made too tight. ,
When-le had a house at Hampstead, he
entertained the' very hest pompany. i have
dined there with the PrinCe of Wales—the
only time 1 ever had `,,arty conversation with
his Royal Highness. On that occasion,, the I.
Prince: was very agreeable
=aid 'familiar.—
Among other anecdotes, which he told us of
Lord Thurlow, 1 remember these two. The
first v.as - Thurlow Once said to the .Prince,
'Sir; your father Wilt 4Sontititte to be a popu- •
lar king as lung as he continues to go to
church_ every Sunday, and to be &Wifel to
that.ugly woman, your mother ; but you, sir,-
will never be popular.' l The other was this :I',
While his servants were carrying:Thurlow up
stairs to his bedroom, lust before his dea; 1
they happened to let his legs strike against.
the bannisters, upon' which he uttered the last
ivords he ever spoke—A frightful imprecation
'on All their souls.'
Er l skine said that thei Prince of Wales was
quite a cosmegany man,' (alluding to the
Vicar of Wakefield,) 'for he had only two
classiCal quotations—one from Homer 'and
one from Virgil, which he never failed to sport
when there was any 6pportunity for introdu
cing them. •
Latterly, Erskine was very poor;. and no,
wor,der, for he always contrived to sell out ot
the funds when they were very low, and to
buy in when tin were very high. By
Iheaven,' he would say,L I am a perfect kite,
all paper.; the boys might fly me. • •Yet poor
' as he was, he kept the, hest society ; 1 have
met him at the Duke a York's, &c. • _
Fox,'(in his. earlier. days, I mean,)
Fitipatriek, led such a life! lord
Tanlerville assured me that he has played
cards with Fizpatrick at Brooks's from ten
o'clix,As at night till nearly six o'clock the next
afternoon, a waiter standing by to tell.them
whose deal it was,' they. being too= sleepy to
know,.
Oil
■
Ini
ME
1 I
FOX.
. . . .
.
After losing large sums- at hazard; Fox
would go. home. 7 -not •to destroy birnAelf as his
friends -sOmetinies., feared, hut—to, sit down
quietly and read Greek.. . . .
:ne once won-about eight thousand. pounds,
and one off' his bond-creditor., who soon heard
, .
of his good inek, Presented himself, and ask:
ed for pAyment_ qinpossilile, sir,' replied
Fox; `l , lnnst first diselisrge my debts of hon
or,' The b pd-ereditohretnonstrated. 'AVell,
sii.give..fnyour bond.' - It was delivered
t,
F. x; whO ore it in pieces and threw' theth in
lb ! fire.: : : ‘iNo.W, sir, .said Istix,.‘ my:debt to
you i's . a . det of honer," anditninediately paid
.him..
i ~,-
1 saw Ltinardi - -
. nialse the first asern
A .
•A
ballo'oti which had been witnessed in F.4land:
Ii Was from tiie Arti4ry ground.. Fix wa.;•
there ivith his brinher,•Gen.,F. The'srord
teas immense. F'tii.‘,happenipg toi put Otis
hand'down to his watxh, found another' hand
•
upon. it„Whit:h
.iaMediately seized:
friend,' . said be .to the, owner of-the . sti:mge
hand, you 'have chosen an (lecupation . - whieh ,
,Will 'be- your . i ton at- •` Oh, Mr. Erx,
Was the :reply, ‘. forgi'veine; and let me go!--
I have been driven to,:this . conrse by neee , si..
ty alone; mv. wife at d ; children are starviwr
it home.' Fox, alWays tender hearted, , slily
lied a guinea into the hand; and then relea,:t.d'
it. On the coneldsfOnOf the show, Ita . was
proceeding to . kok . *hat O'ci'ciek it was.—'
Good_ God,' . cried, he; my watch; is gime !;
Yes,',. answered Geoi 'I know it is;
saw your friend take:ii. him take it!,
;and you made no. attempt: to stop him I'--
`'
;‘ Really, you
with
to be , on such
good terms with edeb" other, that. .I did not
choose to interfere.'
Ile'permitted—raty,wished—his daughters
to go to evening parties ;- but insisted that
One, of them shimldlilways remain at home,
to .give her.assistan* if needed, by rubbing
him, &c:, in case of as attack of the rheumat
ic pains, to which Was subject. This,'
he said,`taught qiirmaitural affection.'
• .
Vernon was the ' terson who invented - the
story about the 1ad...- - "ei l ng pulverited, in ;In
dia by a coup de ~, lea. i When he was din-; •
ing there witha . : - .71 dob, one of his h 9s e s
wives was 'sudde 'I. educed Lo ashes; , upon
which . the 'Hindoo rg 4 bell, and'said to the
~
attendant who answ) erect it : ‘Bring fresh
'glasses, and sweep' your mistress.'
Another of his stories; was.this ; He hap
pened .to be shooting hyenas near Carthage,
when he-sturnbled:Snd fell down 1411 abyss 'of
many fathoms depth. iHe was surprised,
however, to find hiinself unhurt ; 'for he light
ed as if on a feathr Nur:. . - .,Presently he per
ceived that he was . ; gently, :moving upward;
and, having by de'gres's reached the mouth of
the abyss, he again4,tood safe on terra firma.
He had fallen upctn su immense mass ofbats,-
which, disturbgit , from" 'their slumbers, had
risen out of the' aby ss and . brought 'him t t ip
s
with them. :,./.
LAiornamiLp4sx.. '
There was something very charming
4 liainilton's opetlne.ss of manner. She
showed toe the tieck:cioth' which: Nelson bad;
on when he died ;lof course I effuld not ,heiri
1r
It it withlextre- interest ; ana the
looking a. •extreme _
4hreV her-arms aronnd My neck and. kisied
met She was latterly .in great wart, and
Lord - Stowell never 'restA till he procured
for her a small pension from government!
LITERATURE Ili' AMERlCA.—liie.number of
American publi4tions, original and reprint—
e.d, issued' in 1.855 was 996 original and 322
reprintstotal, 1228: nevi editions, 93.
These publications proceeded front 191 dif
ferent publishers, of whom New 'York Ifur.
nished 71, P,hiladelphia 29, and Boston 27.
In. 1855 there were, 424 newspapers issued in
the New Englimcl:States), 876 in the Middle
States, 716 in the Southern States, and ;784
in the Western 'States. The aieragecireula
tion of papers in this „country is about 1785,
and there is one-publication for every .7,161
free inhabitants in the States and Territciries.
There are iu the United States , 694 libraries,
exclusive of those in thepublie 8600191 cos
tairiing an liggregßlE of 2,261 4 632 ;vilumes.
Of public school libratOes there are ° 9,6os,
'oomprising 1,552,332 vcifurnes.
itgr A Convention to be held; this
Spring to form a State GiOvernment for Utah.
It is estimated that thw rin,pulation la . , Ow
-100000. If Utah should apply for admiss
ion, the next gisad exeitet4ent will be on the
subject of Monnottisimv
=OMB
l'lF.Qi.gboa: . Amtp. 2atm4, aaa[i'4
IN
P34.EY.
AN ADVENTURE IN- THE vrpr,
• About three or four years ago—more or
less---I was practicing law in- Illinois, on a
pr4ty large circuit. I was called on in my
office one day in the town - of by a
very pretty woman, who, not without tears;
told me that her husband had been arrested
for horse stealing. She wished to retain me
'on the defence. asked her why she -didn't
go to Judge ,an ex-senator of the
United States, whb'se office was it the' same
town. Told her I was a young hand at the
bar, &e. - 1
She mournfully said that lie asked a retain
inglee beyond her means,- and besides' did
• not want to touch the case; •ller husband
was suspected of belonging to an extensive
band of horse thieves' and' counterfeiters
whose head quarters were on Moore's 'prai
rie.
I asked her to tell
matter and if it was tri
to such a gang.
Ah, sir,' 'said she, ;r man at heart
than my George ,never ; but .he liked
cards and drink, and I ,y've made him
do what he never woul .done if he had
not drank. I'm afraid be proved that
he had the horse, bpt •he didn't. steal it ; an
other did and passed it to -him:
didn't like - the ease. I; knew that there.
was a great dislike to the gang 'located v.:here
she nam‘d, aria feared to risk the case _before
a jury:,
She seemed to observe nay intention to' re
fuse-the case, and burst into tears.
I never' could see a woman weep without.
feeling like a weak- fool myself.
.If it hadn't
been for eyes brightened With < pearly tears'
—blast - the poet that tnade 'cm come in 1a.4
ion—l'd have never been caught in the'nooSe
of matrimony. '..aVnd 7 my would-be client vas
pretty. The handkerchief that hid her stream
ing eyes, didn't hide her -red, ripe lips, and
her snowy bosom rose and fell like a white
gull in a gale of
. Wind.at sea. .
I couldn't stand it. - - I agreed .to take the
case.- She gave me, all the particulars.
The gang of -which he was:a member, had
persuaded him to take the horse. He knew
the horse Was 7 stolen, and, - like a fool,
knowl t edged it when he was arrested. -Worse
1 -still—had trimn a the horse's tail and 'mane
to alter: his appearance, and the prosecution
could prove it. .
The trial came on• worked hard to get
••
a jury of ignorant men, who had more heart
than brains, who,_ if they cOuld not fath,otf ,
the depths of an argument; to follow - Abe laba
rynthine.tnitzes of the law ; could feet fyr
:young fellow in a bad scrape,who hadtvt'veep
ing, pretty wife. nearly broken-hearted and
quite distressed.
•• Knowing the-use of e,ffect, I told her to
dress in deep mourning . , turd bring her little
Cherub of it boy. curlv . ; headed, and only three
years olkintree. , nrt, and to sit as near her
ht,iband as the•offieers would let her.
I tried that game once in a murder case,
-and a weeping wife ill sister made :a, jury..
:render a Verdict against law, evidence, and
• the jydge'S charge, and saved ttat
ought to have brio Haman..
The prosecution opened very, bitterly,
•veighed against the 'thieves and .counterfeit-
ers who, had made the land aterror to strang
er: and traveler', and hal robbed every far
mer in the region of their finest horses.. It
introduOeti witnesses who prOved all and
cgore than I feared they .•
The•tinte canoe for me tO rise for the de
fense. . W ttne.sse—l had none! But I - was
determined to make one effort, only hoping
so to interest the judge and jury as to secure
a universal' recoinmt-ndation to gubernatori
al clemency and a light 'sentence. So I paint
ed this picture.
A young Arian entering into life;'.Wedd'ed"-,
to an angel beautiful in person, p,Jssessing
every Virtue, Overy gentle and .noble attri
bute. .
.Temptation was around, him. He
kept a tavern.! Guests, there were many ;it
was not 'for him to 'enquire into their basi
nessi they .were•well-dressed, mane large bills,
and paid promptly. At an unguarded hour,
When he was insane:with liqudr which they
had urged upon him, he had deviated from.
the: path ofrectitude. He was :not himself
at the time. The demon of alcohol reigned
in his brain. And it was his.first offence.—.
Mercy' pleaded for ' another chance: to save
him froM ruin., justic;*. did •.not require a
sacrifice. Nor did it require that his sweet
wife should go dawn sorrowing to the grave,
and that, the'shadow of' disease, or• the taunt
of a fallen father should fall acrossthe sunny
.
.pathlay of that sleet O, how earn
estly did I plead for them The woman
wept = her 'husband did the 'same. The judge
fidgetted.and rubbed his eyes—the jury look
ed melting:. If I could have closed, he would
have been cleared, , but the.:prosecution had
cloSe, and threw ice on the pre I had kind
led. But they did:not put it quite but.
.The judge charged . according to law and
evidence, but evidently leaned on the side cif
merey' The ;jury . found a verdict of guilty,
but unanimously commended the .prisoner to
the clemency of the court: My - .client was
•
sentenced to the shortest imprisonment - the
:court Was empowered to give, And both jury
and court signed a petition to the governor
for' an unecinditiOnal-'pardOn, which has since
, been granted, but not before the :following
incident occurred : .
_Solite three months after this, I received
an account fur collection from. a wholesale
house' in New York. The parties to , colleCt
from were ' hard ones,' 'gilt they had proper
ty, and - before they had an idea 'ef the trap
laid, Chad the property, whicly they were
about assign before they broke, under at-'
tachment,'. Finding mat u was neck ahead,
and bound. to win, they caved, and paid. over:
three thou seven hundred land ninety-tiros.
dollar's and eighteen cents in current money.
:They , lived:in Shawnee town, about twenty
, five or thirty miles southeast-of ,Moor's prai
• roe..; treceived the funds just after bank open ,
ing; hut other business detained me until -af
ter dinner, I then started fOr intend
ing to on as far as the village of Mount
Vernbn.that night. . ,
I had . got along at a fair pace for ten or
twelve miles, when l i noticed . a double Ulan),
of splendid horses coming up behind me, at
Cached to a light, wagon, it, which wereTseated
four men, 'evidently of the high-strung order.
They swept past me as if to Show how easy
they contd. do it,. then shortened 112 and al
-lowed me to cone up. They hailed me and
asked me to' wet,' or in other words dimin•
ish the contents of a jug of old rye-they had
iii:4lrd; butt excused myself,9o. the plea
`that . l - had plenty : aboard, They -asked me
ilhosi far i was going ; I toldlficat 83
i • . .
ATONTRQSE,:THURS
ruth about the
he did belong
•-• . :
Mount Vernon, if. my h! . ' didn't ,
lire.—
They mentioned a plea-a , . Vern' ten or
twelve miles ahead asa - nici 5 - opping
_place,:
and then drove on:. • . 1 - 1 - . ~ .
I did not like the lee fellOws,nOr
their- actions, bin l'' was bon to - go 'ahead.
I . had a brace of revolvers; afliee Itnife,' , and
my money was not in the .04selin my sulk.
ey, but.,in a belt anion(' iny i tiody.. I drdve
slow, in hopes they would g Oniandl should
see' them no more: It was kat.' dArk when I
saw :a tavern sign ahead.. At the Same time
1 Saw their wagon stood befqe
_ l he..door. - I
wOuld have passed on, but 'nn horie needed
I
rest.- I hauled up,' and awo an came to the
dOor. She turned as pale as a eau A r ent when
she saw me • she did not :is k, but' with .a
rncaning look she . Rut her fiy . cr to her lips
add beckoned me in. The 4onian - Was. the
wife of My late client:.
When I entered, the par
htti.led me as an old tray
asked me to drink.' I. respi
4' declined to do so.'
'By G 7 --d you shall drin
the noisiest of the party.
`,Just - as you please ;.. dri .
(,purposely showing the but ,
kicks six times in rapid -sit sion.
The :others interfered an y4y easily quel•
led my opponent.. 'One o 04- me a cigar,
which I would have-refuied lath, a glance of
-entreaty froth the Woman i
.gybed me to f ie.
eept It. She advaneed to bilyr Me a light,
but
and in doing. so,.sllpped a 1 etnto my hand'
:which she must have writ 4. in, pencil but
the moment before.. Ne e ; ;.,iliall I forget
the words; they were ! ' re, they, are
members of the gang. i (mean to rob
11 , 314,
and murder you! ! Leave •4on; I will try
to detain them.' ! ! 1
I didn't feel cornfortabl ist - then, but
tried ; to look so. ' - ' I I . •
' Have you robmto put
asked the -woman. I • - .
' What, are you not gi
asked one °fate men. '1
' ' Nil, I shall stitV here.'
' We'll all stay,' I react]
of it,,' siiiii- another:
' 4 You'll have, to put up
sir• ' here's a lantern,' said
'l'm used to that,' said
cuse/nie a moinent ; I'll
when I come in.'. ! !
/ 4 Good on your head ;
. ~,. .
gal V shouted they. .
I - went out and glance ,
It was OldziaShiOlied
neels. To cut with a
from .the ore' and hind w,
an instant.: Lthrew then
darkness as I could: T&
dash off'was.the work of I
The road lay,dtiwn
tern lighted ,
poj:.-463,33,0
I had alr•: • .. 0 0 , 1**Iway when,
,• 1,
heardyelC Party left so un
cereM A iorse.—
- rue ` - "iitarted
I;threw my lighi - liWay, andlet my horse to
pick`his way. A roomntl later I heard a
crash--a horrible shriek.l lbe. wheels were
off. Then came the ruht ofthe horses, tear
ing along after me with the lcreek of a vag 7 .
on. -Fitollvthey_seemedl4,,feath uP in the
woods One or *WO' Artek:s I heard,
ssweptng- .16 m h . -tar behind, ; For ;
some time
.I hurried my'.laiirse—you:. bitter.;
think Hid. • airtti after. InidtHit -1
,
when I . got to Aluitit VernOn:
The next day heard! that a Moor's
team; had run antic l awny, a that two luim
out of four had been so badly hiirt that their
lives were despaired of..
I didn't cry. My cli
but I didn't travel that
COL FREMONT.
John Charles Fre,moht, the " Pathfinder if
the Rocky' Mountains,' a iiian who has ope
ed to America the gate,s- of her Pacific en
pire, was born in South t afolina, lanir4,
ISIS. 'His father was and einigrant,'gente•
man from France, tindlhisAmother a lady'ot
Virginia. He receiVed - it good educrtbn,
though lett an orphan f l,t four years of ige;
and when at the age o seventeen he gridua
ted at-Charleston College, he still cOntrihated
to the support of his rhother, and her ':.hil
dren. From teaching mathematics he tuned
his attention to civil e ginhering, -in
ii
whits he.
made so great profiel e cyl that he wasirec
oininended•to the goyere i ment for employ
ment on the Mississippi s urvey. -- He wts of'
terwards employed a Washington inleow
structing maps ofthat region. HaviaL re
ceived the commission °fa lieutenant of en
gineers he-proposed to the Secretary of War.
to penetrate the RoCky Mountains. Hisplan
was approved, and in. 1842, with a hatdful
of men, ho reached and explored the Seith
Pass. He not only fixed the locality olthat
great pass through.whieh f myriads now press
their way to California, but he, defined; the
astronomy, geography,botany, geology„ and
meteorology of the t,anitry, and desetibed
the route since followed and the points!4-om
which the flag of the Uninn is now flying.rrom
a chain of wildernessi lorresses. His Mort
was printed by' the !Senate, translated i into
foreign languages, and Fremont was lobiced
on as 'one of the benefaCtoro of his couttry.
Impatient of other and- bioader fields,he Ilan
tied a new expeilition to the distant territory
of Oregon. Ho approached the Rocky *un
tairis by a new line,_ scald the summit_ spud'
of the South Pass, dtflected to the dreatSalt
Lake, and pushed hi examinations right and
left along Lis entire ,course. He Bonne led
his survey with that of Wilkes' Exploring
Expedition, and his orders were fulfillet
But he, had Opened one route to the Worn
ba and he wished I to 'find another. Tiere
was a vast _region FOlltil ot this line invetted
with a fabulous intee--t, to which he losgad
to apply the test ofLexact science. •
It-was the beginning of winter.. Without
resources,' adequate supplies, or so much as
a guide, and with oi ly twenty-five compan
ions/ he turned his ace shd made toward the
Rocky MOUTitaihsd Then began that won
derful expedition; fi lled with romance, daring
and suffering, in i-vich he was lost to , the
world nine months ' traversing-3500 miles in
sight Of eternal sno w s, In which he revealed
the grand features.of Alta California, its great
basin the Sierra Nevada, the valleys of San
Joaquin, and' Sacramento,
revealed the real
El Dorado, and established the geography of
the Western portion of the continent: In
August, 1844, he Was again in Washington,
and his fame was sled. Be - was planning
a thiid expedition while -writing the hislorY
of the seed, and before, its publication In
1845; was again Ani his way, to theßscific,col•
.' - i. ': - '.@.Ll'Oim•l7 A0pi..r40.-Apil
AY, MAY 15,1856.
lecting his mountain -eiiinrad'a ,•tO eiamine
detail the Asiatic slope Ciftheccaitilient.*hiclt -
Testilted, in! giVing it new volume , of,seienee,(O
the ;world,. and California to the United :StateS.
After the conquest of California . , in which he
bore's part,he was made the victim of
ret between two Amen'oan commanders, and
stripped of his commission by court-martial.
The President reinstated him,_ but
_Fremorft
would not accept Mercy, but demanded.. jus—
tice. His 'connection with the government
now ended. • He *as a private citizen and', (a
poor. man. He •had been brought a prison
,r
from California, where he had been explorer,
conqueror,. peacemaker, and governor. He
determined to retrieve his tiotibr on the field
.where he had. been robbed of it. One line
more would Complete his survey, the roue
for a great road. from the Mississippi to San
Francisco, Again he appeared in the• far •
west. Iris Old - mountaineers flocked nbobt
hirn, and•with thirty-three, rnen and one kin
dred and. thirty-three mules he Started for the
'Pacific. -On the Sierra San Jean all his .
mules and more than one-third of his men
perished in •a mom than • Russian. Cold and
Fremont arrived on foot at• Santa, Fe,
strip
ped 'of all but life. The men of the wilder
ness knew Fremon t; they. refitted. his ezPe
- diiion ; he started again ; - pierced the cotf n
try of the fierce and remorseleSe Apaches ;
met, awed or.defeated savage tribes; „and in
a hundred'days'froin Santa Fe, stood..on,the
banks.of the Sacramento.. The men of Cali- .
fornia reversed . the judgment of . the coOrt
martial; and Fremont was made first Sena
' tor, of the Golden State.
recognized me,
ng friend, and
fully but firm-
0 fight !' ,said
. ,
not,' said
colt,' which
~ - .
. • i
tar Kind-hearted, angeli cJENNY, . LIND
comes to the !aid of hitr former patro n , Sir.
BAstium, ,and says :--"He", nor! his, shall nev
er know want, while I have it in my poWer
1
(which, owin - to the gooduesS of 'Heavedl
have now) to keep it away:" She also . says
Many good t ings about him, which rn - us be
true if JENN says so. Though Crushed 'to
earth, - Itaßrond will 'rise again with such! 0,7
sistance:. But the latter says he - doubtS
whether JENNY ever said so much.
ttl i my, horse V I
tini on to.night V
I 'eVr.'
1 , an4ake a night
I yOu iown horse;
till'e MM.
11. ° Gr4rtlemen, ex
-101111 yo in a drink
• •
i .
to& Iniskey, old
,
Esvir.—The boy upon foot cannot bear tb
see the boy who is riding. And so it is With
envy of a larger growth. We .are always
crying out i Whip behind!" in the miserable
hope of seeing some hangenon more fortunate
ourselvt-s, knocked off his pereh. - ;', - -4
Philonpherin the Stmts.
at the? wagon.
cured the
'7 OTIC
. zro
onl
MN
as far off in a
- au
gale rn.y . hori •
•
ents get ' their motley,
)ac4 any triore.
t==l
The; next Annual-State.; Fair: of the
Pennsylvania -Agricultural Society is tO be
held at Pittsburg, tommenciug. , on the 30th
• tember,
?Oriite4 I
1: OF -WILLIAK ENTARTS
üblican ifeeting iri. New York
il29th.
SPEE
.Al the Ref
City,
!SIDENT AND . GENTLEMEN - : In mov-
M. PR
I now do, the acceptance by this
the resort of the Pittsburgh Con
ieh as been so impressively in-
ing, Sir, as
meeting
rention,
our attention, I shall consult the
troduced e
proprieties of the occasion, and my own dis
position, no less than that of this audienCe, by
making a- 'hrief suggestion as to some of the
principal flatures of the call, the occasion, and
1 . ,
thecause t at has brought us together. [Your
call suppo es, Sir, that the' present -Adminis
tration of ederal power has adopted a poli
cy, and is iirsuing,a . measure .for the Cxten
• sion of S! very over TerritorieS once, secured
to Freed° — that ;the first step in this aggres
sive move ent was a - disturbance of a solemn
arrangem nt, which had . been entered into be
tween the , wo oppo?ing interests ; a•sentiment
which div ded the 'country, and a violation of
the good aith in .Which 'that arrangeinent was
cemen,ted. / and - with , which it has been. liither
to observed and defended. It Supposes that
this course of federal politics is a departure
from the sensible, necessary, and primary
principle on which our Government is; found
ed, and the purposes for which it virs organ-.
lied; inid has hitherto been maintained; and
It shows us that the public Welfare requires
that this evil• legislation should be recOnsider-.'
ed ; that this violbted faith should be recon
structed, and that the principles and practice
of the Federal Government should 'be restor-
ed tin thoseof Washington and Jefferson, which
are alone compatible-with our honor, our dig- .
nity, and our safety as'a people. [toad ap.
plause.] Not, Mr. President, let tis consid
er what the three great steps of the !'ederal.
Government by federal legislation have been
on this subject of Slavery. At the very out
set-of our Governinent.the common territory,
unoccupied I.)y. any State jurisdiction; was all
devoted by a• solemn ordinance to
,frcedom
forever. That was the sentiment—that was
the action of the founders of the Republic in
1787,, and re-enacted in 1799. All was not
too little then _to give to Freedom and all
agreed that all was not to little for Freedom.,
[Loud cheers.]' Now, at that time, Mr. Mad
ison thus expressed himself,.in reference to
the Federal 'Constitution in. this aspect. He
said that.fie took it that the Constitution was;
formed in order that the Government might'
pave herself from the reproaches, and her pos.
terity from the imbecilities which are always
attendant Upon a country filled with slaves.
[Applause.] Gen. Lee of Virginiii;says that
the Constitution
! has done as much as it ought
to, but he:lamented that it had not 'contained
some provision for the gradual abolition of
Slavery, This, was the action, this ;the send
inent then. [Loud cheers.] Justl one third
of a century passes away, just one generation
of men is withdrawn from the scent); and pre.
ckelythe ramie question•is presented to the
American people as to the future 'fate of ,its
new territory 'then coming up -for occupation
by .eivilized men. And then, - gentlemen,' in
order to obtain one - half of that territory for -
Freedom, there must be paid out of that half
a region large enough for, a linkdom as a
ransom for the.re.st. - [Cheers.) Mark how
the American statesmen and American, poli
ticians have changetfin thirty.three years !7—•
MIL, Mr. President, thirty-three !years tiOw
roll,over again. That generation of states
men has passed ofr the stage. • In the 'year
1854 the question is again presented to the
Atnerican people, • the American! statesmen,
and the Anterioun Congress--" What shall we
do between Slavery and Freedom Then
the ransom paid for the halt of the territciry
is forgotten, and then, by direct Federaljeg
islation,- it is deterinined that the half that
was.given in . the generation, ago 'shall ta
ken b4ek 14: our generation_Bo:in, our 4 app
[Chem.) Us the secondßEET. 'Noir,let
- 2 • -- • - •
FRA.ZIER & SMITH, Pll33 l, l§.ll.ERS—r--Vtotc. 2,
me imagine_ 'that another •third_ o ' a century
his paMed array—that - 41ft generation is With-,
drawn . frOnr the stage - -and when we come to .
the-yerit 'B7, the death of 'the :- orditianeeif
Freedotn, and the Year . ,"89 . ,• the,deali °lithe
first free•republie of modern timed, how shall .
we
. .show our progress, heist:shall we mark
our statesmanship, if t hei same 'Path - be Our-!
sq.ii, bin Sy . a solemn declaration that hence
fe4h, in all the Territories of 'the United
States,' Slivery and' involuntat''• servitude -
shall be forever by law abollshed 7 [ Cheers.]
i•
-There is .nothing else' for tilted°. We• gave •
once all to Freedom.. W gav e . text half to
Slavery. • We take awayext tire half given .
),
to Freedoin, and there is ething leftfor us::
Wherever Freedom - dwells - 4111/er our . •flag'
Slavery follows close after her. ?[Applause. - P
Thereis this great and solemn lisson tai ht
by this review, end that iir that n.l suceeedThg
generation has corrected. the error, or retrac
ed the•step of its predecessors, and the sol
emn monition is put to us thawe should
follOwi.quiekly, this action hy re etien. , It is
..
for you nqw who, have seen this thing done to
undo it. ;It is for you to protestL • [Cheers.]
• Now, we suppose that this silbject of the ex
tension of Slavery to Territories,'• 'Which If
they have any government are governed by
the federal power, is a 'legitimate subject of
federal polities„ and we intend le aefaccord
inglY;„ We suppose that it is amote irapor
-1
taut aubject of federal. politics han any oth•
ers, and we intend to a 4. accordingly. We
have 'called you together, and you have re
sponded to the' call in one of those - eclitie:s
- whichare heard from one quarter•of the land
to the other... This Is a practical question.
It is a qoestion of making this entiment felt'
in the way - th'at politicians ulderstand, ;by
votes, by influence, by conde 'nation of - the
had tied by the support of the good. ,ICheers.l,
We do,not intend tobe misledinto any irroui
ry- or Sympathy, however -aggravatingl the
wrong Of the Slave may -be. We 414, not
_in
tend te , be drawn into any disc ssiort of mere
etti"+. ; or of mere philantliroP for the '" in
ler* race," as they are Called by our south,
ern•hretliren.. - We do• not. intend to unsettle \
.any ;social relation, but we.,intendte exereiael
the ; clear right' of Freedom in determining;
that upon the one hand, and t the exeluaion
of §lavery upon the other [loild cheers.] . In
determining this principle, we have:no occa-.
sioii to quarrel with . any of-, th e donnas that
are assumed or argued' by thoe who have an
interest in Slavery.' It is said by. them 'that
Slavery in this
,country has .een productive
,of unmixed good .to the degro So be:it, if
they eau prove it. But it is our opinion it
has; bee n productive of unmi ed evil to the
White man.. They say that SI very i s- the on
-ly relation which is ilossibl in . a society
which is composed of blacks a d :whites. and
mixed .races: ; SO he•it, if- the , can ; prove it.'
But that 0,1413 . 7 adds to the txtitude of 'our.
opinion that no new territory should he occir
pied by-mixed races. [Cheers.] Now there
is another argument with *hi li the ilavehold-
In; interest treats the 'efforts f the freemen
of Ithe orth to eot possessio er ....- - 1 ,.....t... , .-
- ' e territories. .lt is sill that they have
...,
I peen won .by our common,' lood and treas
ure. Well, now, if. this were an argument to
show that the black race oug t to be allowed
1 ,tij go into, a new Territoryy--Lif it was paten-,
ded that they had been
,won'ly the, common
Wood and treasure of the blieksof the South
and the white. men of the North, I could un
derstand the force of the argument. , • .[Aii
plause.] . It has been won. by the come on
blood and tasure of the White• men of the
' United. Sta gs, and if- God. lassist the efforts
that we-comwoes to-night .t shall be - occu
pied by the Vhite Men•of t 6 whole country.'
ii
[Cheers.] Well, it is said t at; it is - the part
Of brethren to occupy their mmon heritage
la peace and luiet,,and that the white man of
the South and 'the -white m 'of the North
should go together and possess the land; hilt
there is , one difficulty aboutlthis business. 'lt ;
does not depend upon the IjiW of Congress or
the law of any State, but it is Written in• , the
If
hearts of the free laborers . ° our ethintry that •
they will. not work side by 'side with:slaves.
[Cheers.] ..Labor, - gentlemen,' - ive neknowl:
edge to
. be the source and .basis of all our
Wealth, of all our progress, of all our dignity
'rind value; tint it is thei
labir of the free man: .'
[Cheers.] Carry through his campaign the
principle that the lan4 of theXriited States
is not inclosed withiNtraight s lines belonging
'to the whole citizens of the United' States.- -
There is nothing revolutionary I take it in,
i that... Slavery, iis-a special interest, does nOt, •
' stand-different from otherlinterests. In my j
judgment the slave interest is no. more enti-(I
.tied to the control and piotection of thiScotie;.!;
try, than the financial or the tariff intcrests.=--
[Applause.] The people l lihOuld govern the;
'country, or the people shoirld desert the-coun
try,one thing or the other. Another.,thite
,:
in Our Republican organization' is, that ite are
comprehensive in our politics, and not Sec,
tional. Now, White, men, .live all over the
country, but black men are geogtaphically
situated. ! [Laughter.] ihe patty of Slavery
is
,necessarily a geOgrapliCal party — it' is a'
geographical party in fact and it is a geog raph-,
ical party by the lines of industry, whi ch-can
make, that institution liveionly, in the climate
Of the South. But free labor can live every: -
w,hete. , [Applause.] • Pars, then,is.the com
prehensive party—theirs ;is the geographical
' party." [Cheers.] But there is; Gentlemen,
a much more. serious ettif , in •our politics than
'this I have alluded to-- . 1. mean that -control
ing division, called by the odious. names of
North and Sonth. ' Why,' Our country :has„
:grown very much since ; these names originat
ed. • When the Constitution 'was forthed, the
whole population of the United Slates resided .
on . .a Strip of ' territory along . -., the-. Atlantic
Roast ;- and then the country :Wel necessarily
diVided into a *Ndith anti South, for it-was
all East. and - no West. j. But I ahead& think
ar .
.. • •, • .
that, with the growot Our institutions and .
population until' they new .cieeupy :the' Conti-
,:k ent and look out upon the I.i.:.•Pacifte, it
mighe.be conceded' that fthere:Tra: something
besides} a' North and Solith-rthat there was an
East, aCeritreand a Weit.. '[l4 - ond applause.]
Now ' we' cinew• that We, stand, ,tiot - 1:4 -the
North, not by the South; but by the labor of
freemen;' Wherever- i tiky. -are; and against
Slivery• and the lovers-jet Slavery,- wherever
they are. ACheers.l We expect to find b0y...,
ers of Freedom in , Maryland, in Virginia,- in
igissourVin itentuelty, in Tennessee. in Tex
as. anchn every Southern State. - - We , knoi
we shalt find • lovers' of Slavery - in. Massaeha.
'setts, in Newlfampshire, in:Nevi-York, in
'New Jerseyiviti-,Peniniylvania,. and in every.
Free State; and if be anythingget3igrqdt:
teal in that' diabriniiiiiitien ci t,' [kitties WO.' tigi
geography of the United: Stater" ttiVitir,'
11111
stm
.4_ t 1
arid applause':y Thertil‘ h e r
,very
_gnat
'-.4ifficOltY which.'-the NOqh+-1:Nal 10tAglY.,
1 INorth,': . ' for I-have eliminated' tiAt i tg.
' fro m , ft: • b 1. hieh OW Proo
i our, pa 1, les ~ u..w ~ ,
~,,,,, L .
..., „..
r of this eountrytreatlY 'stiffer: P freiri. Itkcik_aw
the degradation of polities; -- Wis . hliVii::hitd.
1 leftnmon,giis,:till recently, great . ;strititinti *,
great orators ,: great Piablieimertic!inttifine
gentlemen had ccm
imeneed =their teed.*
der the impulses and •influen&snt,the;iiew
government, and the general .Prineipli*p
freedoin and equality with - Which. the; 1 ... ."
Goverinnent started: When, li . wever,Ve;,
ry came to control theGOVern• ent, OFR*. -
States, and by that meanslto titrol - theFfid
i
eral Government and the, pi)litica, Of the Fr-. •
States through its patronage, ;or_ . .tei feed am
bition ;1 can tell ,-you that; so far ha r krul.
the people, the freemen .- of -the NOrth—th:
educated ; intelligent,. public.spirited - yam' •
men of the North- . -have atudied.land w
1 study :aiLything but polities whioh _teach'-
them - their degradation. [Cheers.] Bath;
I back the tide; let it be understood that *.=
stead of your accomplished diplomatists be -
interrogated before they cunt receive ad
sion at Washington as tialiWhat they. thi
about Slavery, that it may be'n .if th
.are acceptable to the.South—ch a n e the
of the questibn-:-encourage a free l expressi
-o f opinion oat:that as on other: subects—
you will haVe your polities puri fied.-; ' O
duty has'a higher consideration than alLth
[Cheers.] Let me ask your attention.for
moment to an incident of the last - Winter,.
The unwonted. rigor of- the'scasOn ad brill'
last - Winter,.
the Ohio with a, free bridge. - A. " `vela
mother, with all the treasure thit.l i alwhat:
the world-_-_-her children,r_from,a growing
- town infanEnpon her breast—had passaitu
that free bridge; withont lit:Or hindrance,
was on the free soil of Ohio: , [APplause.
The power of the.FederifOciernfnetityun
a law of which! have no leornplaintio! m
pursued that slave mothei.to stmdher
servitude ; and not able! to' relit's° :. he
she let out-the spirit_of her child r:ito the
light of Heaven, even' through the dark
tat of death. [Loud applause.] If it w
ble and brave in the stern Ca& to taunt
Roman ,Senate with ,
their :long delay.
which of the two they would choose, Stu
or sleuth, who shall say it was iglu:mini°,
'that poor sla_ye Mother, Illy a irlek d
and flashing execution, to determine that - I
lion for her posterity. [Prolonged chee
AM - gentlemen, one touch of nature make
whole world kin ; and there arel manyio
who feel a greater pride in sharin(;; the b
red blood that ran through a heart bOu
for freedom, -under the dark besord of
poor slave-mother—far greater than - thi
share in common. with-the pale faces of
of the statesmen of the Nortle• [Cheers
laughter.] Thus much for illustratio
what is the lessen . that I would, teach:.
,infant State of Kansas - now reprises lifloi
bosom of the A
that swore she sh 4
violated‘; thii'eha,
t - rtA. -- :e - 1 - 1: f' 4 4 - tivial
ed that infant Staff
meat is. new &st
their protection
admire the spiril
Kentucky that, 4
to Save them fn.
_to you to induce
Kansas, and her
that slavery ,frOi
men rescued h,
slaves of Kentin
freemen of Nevi
"NOP] But,
Union must am
ter,' and that is the - principal object
speech' to-night. [Renew,ed laugh
ihould suppose that eighteen hundr
. without-a new experiment had furnish
iMtion enough of the shOutS which
put forth in defense of the :"stirine
".Great Diana of the Eptiestans,":w
real interest of the shouters was non.
the businesS of" Alexander the CoPpe
[Laughter:] And for all that_elass
er's fbr the preservation of the Unit"
no respect._-.[Cheers.] Tticl!' occupa
Governinent of the country, through
terest, is their "business of Alex=
Coppersmith," and they whist save
shrine,, in order to support that biz
'Cheers and laughter.] But therei
. larke class of most worthy and patr
iz.en-=, who are justly sensitive upon
ject which looks askance ottv good ,
good feeling . ;.thongh how they ea
eently look on. and recognize' gr i!
'good feeling:in the had faith and' ba
practiced upon the other side ofthi
do not know. [Cheers.] Now,
has found an eloquent voice in the a
letter of an accomplished orator of
land,._ in ' which helelosea 1)y, espy, "
'
sentiment that he he cannot unite
band which - does nOt, follosi the flag_
step to. the 'mush) of the tro i 0
n." r.
my sentittients precisely.. ;.[Cheers.
becomes important to know w.hattl
what the music of the Union is.'
I myself sensible of nny strange trati
of the American people,. which,' in
seventy years, should.change the n
of American FreedoM from belogi
of the . Union into'
,a singsong. Chin
of African Slavery. [Ap - plause: ,
the "
.flag of the Union," I would
elegant orator, that the greatest a
New England, When, in possessio
-reasoning peers
,and, overwheltni
'he stood up to-support the Unio
stitution,-could give him a descrip
flag. 'lt is the gorgeous ensign or
lie, honored throughout the earth
with not a single ,stripe. sullied or
not a single istari obscured—sluid
Want light over that Sentitnent d..;
:cart--" Liberty,' and , imon,:uow:
i -
-..cirie and inseparable ":“ 'That- '
i the UniOn which You and alLof us
and keep step to the..einnlio. of, t
freemen thatattendik, [anus.]
we find that. flag id the . hinds
standard bearers—Whether thest
honored frame iii the Demoenit
any Athena-and ' notice that it iiku
every stripe,polluted, iha ever,
ed=--all its floating glories, darken
ennobling sentiMent giving place'
ink motto of "Slavery and Unica
-forever--one - and .inseparabla"
.trample- that flag in the dust:iind
that standard-beereri as a 0 0010
the,publie freedon",,,and_atraito
or arid- - freedoni of the;,tiniPiL
apritsuse•
Ing
MI
Fl
-
1.~ ~-,;,
~. -
,__;;:.'
ISI
ElEl
ME
NM
y •
d
r
Mil
~~
no-
lery.
=
OS-
t the
UJ
ight
ing
that
Tit;
and
' .9f
The
the.
of me
tr.] 1
.y4rs
of the
enl the
rued in ,
stuiut-
I hirc
on and
ave In
dirJ.he
Diana's
,iness.--
a very
otic
ny sub-
;with and
:►ith or
Union; -
hand .
ow Eng•
• litix th c '
Iwith• anv
and keep
esu art
But it
e fiag and, - 2
Tam_ .not
:formation
le course -,
Ihble- hyrnu
the InuSie
in praise - -
And is to
of to that,
/lemon of
of his best
lig o ratory,—
Ftiitsi Can:
iirthatt
h4•Reppb
- nforell;
ppliated--;
itO At I>tiL•
to every
- ..
forever
thti . flag of
ill/oliow;
shoots of.
But whet,
if Whatever
aims the'
o parti,
furiedi
Fiat. aka*:
.; 110 its
r —now
' then will we
strl)6) down
tOvsgainst
to the hoa
irm19.4,4
N
N
v 8
MEE