Si CA L ET. MII.LIE cA • What if I flaunt in the day's broad light, And feed niffps with Itte - fruit - ortrimel' --- And what if I haunt the streets at night, while sorrow and death stalk through the clime? The living who loved me revile my name, And the dearl arc heedless to want and shame. Jt le easy for men and women who live Their virtuous lives in a golden ease, To sneer at the children of sin who give Their truth for a coin, with Faith on its knees, To the rioters wasting the bread and meat • - For which we barter our souls in the street.. Who is to blame for theawful list Of oar kind which weeping angels date? And who shall speak for the souls that missed Relief at the Christian's eloselehnt gate? Alas! it was only a step and breath, Thence down to the gates of despair and death Not my mother, for she was good, And shaped her life to a saintly prayer, And died in the truest Christian mood, Leaving all things to her Maker's care. Does the dust uneasily stir in her grave For the child her Saviour has failed to save? Does the great sad Christ in your churches say, As of old, "I am forever the same?" Or is it a different world to day From that he dragged from its mire of shame This old, half pagan world, with the stain Of suicide blood on its hands again? AXISPrer me, priest,from youfpulplt stairs Answer me, women, from chapel halls; You with the grand old Scriptural prayers Written in rainbow upon your walls. Did-you-give-a—mite-from-your-hoards-to stay-- eur faltering feet in the downward - way? —N. Y. Citizen. LITERARY AND ART ITEMS. • Cricire of - the Press: . • Theire - is a certain •mistrust, characterized by a feeling of soreness ' generally existing be tween the professional writer for the press and the printer. It does not amount to much, and it is somewhat less in the present day than it was in the last generation, because printers print better than they did thirty or forty years ago and writers are less „careless than they were at • that date, Still, the mu tual misgiving is entertained, and is kept alive by the recurrence, more or leg frequent, of "errors of the press," which the writer inva riably attributes to the printer, and the printer does all he - can to lay to the credit of the writer. There arc faults, however, on both tides; though; if we were called upon to de cide where lies the preponderance of blame, we should feel bound greatly to exonerate the printer,, who is rarely chargeable with more than'a tithe - of the_ blunders placed .to his account—we are speaking, of course, of printers who are Printers, and not of the mere proprietors of types and presses, of 'whom, there are too many who have no adequate notion of the printer's function. Errors of the preSs occur to a much larger extent than the reading puolic is generally aware of, and may even be perpetuated through one edition after another for centuries, until the blunder, or the wrong reading, has altogether displaced the right reading, which; through lapse of time and changes in the si gif cation of words, becomes altogether lost. Commentators - know how true this is, and how hopeless is the search after truth in such cases; .Of the wild conjectures sometimes haiarded in this search, some of the modern and so-called amended editions of Shakespeare furnish striking examples. In noticing the various kinds of errors, we may begin with these which are merely verbal, and which, for the most part, are due to the writers, who are apt not only to write illegibly, but to read their proofs carelessly, arid leave errors standing which they ought to correct. Such verbal . blunders are at limes ludicrous enough, as when a writer, in tending to speak of Cato and Brutus, is made to speak of cats and brUtes; or another, as happened the other day, announces the pub lication of a new work"i.n the fOrm of a five shilling elephant," meanies "a five-shilling pamphlet." . _ A long list of blunders of this kind might be enumerated, and not. a far of them have 'become stock jokee, or material for jokes, in the printing office. Some of these are "full blown noses" instead of "full-blown roses;" "he arose and shook off his ears," instead of "shook off his fears;" "horse literature," in stead, of "Norse literature;" "syllabub," in stead of "syllabus;" "omelet,' instead of "amulet," and not a few which, current in the printing-office, need not circulate beyond it. Many of the verbal errors are of- a kind which will escape the ken of the most watch ful reader; because, though they weaken or pervert the sense of the author, .tire . y ,do not * ; ,4t,en: printed "de4ftikfibiicij vepicwoja_ Ten" is sometimes printed "heaven;" and we can recall a critique on a picture where the painter was blamed for his "violet color," in stead of his "violent color." Again, there are verbal errors for which accident - alone is -to blame; thus, in a costly edition of Moore's poems one of the verses begins, "A sense makes, the'heart grow fonder," the b in ab sence having dropped out of the printer's form between the final reading and the Working off. A sirriilar accident accounts for "old jowl" instead of "cold fowl," in the .code. of a dining-house in the city. As samples of errors clearly due to bad writing, we may mention one or two. During the war with Russia au announcement in a Government blue-book, stating that "our ' troops had Marched across Belbee and drawn up in front of the north ports," declared in its first shape that the troops "had marched across the Baltic and drawn up in front of the North Foreland." In another blue-book, a gentleman who subscribed himself as "solici tor to the Douse of Commons" was made to figure as one who jobs about the House of . — Coninions." A - quotation - of - a rather -racy kind being = ascribed to Saha', Lucius, the; printer's reader, doubting its saintly origin,. and knowing no saint 'of that name, was in duced to make researches, which resulted in tle discovery that the words belonged to ,S'ir Lpcius ,('Trigger, one of the bright stars of Blieridan's comedy, Thißie(d.l7 Oddly enough, there are instances hi which verbal errors have a trade value, inasmuch as they serve to identify first impressions of en- I gravings or particular editions of books. llogarth appears to have been a little loose in his orthography, in which, by the way, he was not at all singular in his day. When he first published his print of the "March to Finehley," he dedicated it to George 11.; but thttroyal booby took offence at the innocent _sift 7 aratwould,--had—be-daredi have-visited the painter with his wrath. Hogarth made haste 1,6 obliterate the king's name, and insert that of the King cif,Prussia. In so doing he spelled Prussia. with one .s .(Prusia), and worked off some fifty copies from the Plate before the error was pointed out to. him. Then he corrected it, and the marks of the • correction are traceable on all the subsequent Impressions. But the first impressions were of course the best; being taken before the plate was worn; they have been recognized as such ever since, and to this day an impression of that plate on which the word Prussia is wrongly spelled is worth in the market as much as half a dozen of the others, however excellent they may be. Another instance, well known to bibliopoles, is that of Litti ton's Latin Dictionary: When the doctor • wag printing this huge quarto, he WWI ill- tensely bothered with the Primers, and ha to be constantly going to the office - to•superint 'ad their work. One day, when he happened to be specially badgered, a cpinpositor came to Iliiil-04-11•12.--WfV,tallattg to the proprietor; and,. thrusting a slip of copy nailer his nose, liteW— his attention to the word Condono, to which no English word had been appended, asking, at the same time, how lie shotild till the blank. "Get away with you!" cried the doc tor, in a pet; "condog you, be. off:" The compositor went off, and coolly completed the line thus: "Condon°, V. condog." .This remarkable performance . .was "never challenged by the readers of the proOfs, but went to press without alteration. liver since, that edition of the dictionary has been known among collectors as- the "Condos and for a time bore an extra value, as it was sought after by the curious. One fruitful source of errors are proper names. There are certain names which seem obstinately determine& not to' get themselves' properly spelled. The oldest of them, and therefore the one entitled to precedence, is Pharaoh, whose last and penultimate vowels are forever changing places, and that in the same article and, even in the same page: Another is Shakespear, who figures as Shaks pear, Shakspeare, Shakespeare, Shakespere and Shakspere, and we know not in how many other forms. Burghley, again, is often Burleigh, and sometimes Burley, while his patronymic Cecil has been written variously Cicil, Cycyl, Syssel, Seise], Seycil, Sicell, Sitsill, though some of these forms, it'must be confessed, date fartherhack than the art of printing or settled systems of spelling. _One_would_think that GOthe, who As so much quoted and talked about, to whatever extent he may be read, would be spelled correctly, hitt men of mark in, the literarY world will yet persist in writing and printing Goethe, and Coale. The most notable of all names in this, respect, however, is Brobding nag; which •all the .London printers - 'have seemingly conspired to robot the n in the second syllable; there is ao getting them to relent in this particular, do what you will. Spite of Swift "and all his works," they will have it Brobtlig,nag, and Brohdignag it seems destined to be to the end of the chapter. Among Other instances of words in which a letter is almost invariably dropped are opthalmie for ophthalmic,and Melancthon fore, Melanchtlion. ElTOrg - often occur and pass unnoticed in head-lines, from causes which ordinary readers would never suspect. One cause is the deceptive effect of capitals on the eye that dwells for any length of time on them. If the reader will take up a book in which the same words in capitals stand at the head of the page throughout and read them off at his Usual rate he may find that by the time he tins reached the hundredth page it does not matter to hiin hoW the words are spelled,—the letters have in a manner dropped their function, and he will need to pause a little to recover an intelligent notion of what he is about. Another causeis, that head-lines are apt to get "picked," as the term is, in the printing-otllce,—that is, the lettersin one sheet are taken out temporarily to supply blanks in another, and, when re stored, occasionally slip into the wrong place. A curious source ot- error in the printing office, though it is rarely productive of mis chief, is one that is purely technical. Some time back a proof was sent to the writerwith - a query directing his attention to a note at the foot of a page, to which note there was no reference in the text: The proof was a sheet of a scientific- work of a deceased author, with annotations and additions by a gentleman who, since completing them for the publisher, had sailed. for the East. The words of the suspected note were "Ferguson ends here." Now, Ferguson, the astronomer, had been spoken of m the preceding pages, but what was meant 17.7 thl. oaa—iin,:tosi to him ..iur friend had not the remotest idea. To 1151 th e At, POD w en plain enough; we saw at once that one of the compositors employed on the ; work was also named Ferguson; that he had finished his "taking," or portionmf copy that fell to his share; at the foot of that page, and had made a brief memorandum to that effect, in order to show how much of the work was his. • The 'compositor who had set the notes and "made up" the mat ter into pages, had mistaken this entry for an - editor's note, - and bad treated it accordingly, and' hence the pub lisher's perplexity. .. . __........... x g h as.—Their Looks and A very common error of the presS, and one Th e Isle' o Te oa ir ` Leg s. frequently encountered in the three-volume. ; ma novels with which the reading world' is so ; . For a few days the breakers have been plenteously pampered just now, is, th e mix-, . estic. Provoked by a constant east wind, change of • they fine placement themselves against the rooks in placement of a line, or the ex places between two or. more lines, occurring, i frePzY and spray, and keep up a continual for the mostpart, at the head or the foot of ' roar of defiance. "Pulpit Rock" is tar out on the page. If the causes of such errors were ' the crags and not approachable by the weak ' investigated, they would invariably be traced nerved, and When you reachit you let your -1 ,-14,-14.-,..,....--ssrpthc,o44hts, on t h e , vart ~_ : . elf down, .41W a pulpit of-stoi!e, over the t. of the author of the pullier'ir, involving Stiiie: -- . 12-1-, ;=: -•'-s---' .- ', --- ''' 'l'7' . 'T. , ,17- 7 ;.74 7 ::Tr.,•:_f'•'•"5' . . „ ~. material changes in arrangement, and to the pice of nay or sixty feet into the angry vir--- haste and hurry with which such changes 1 lows, and feel the ,lair of : their assaults upon had to be made. Voluminous corrections'', the base of the cliff-7os think you do, whit- are a constant source of blundering; and no , is just as well,• so far as the sensation is con writer who rearranges his matter lifter corned, ' I stopped in the pulpit only 19ng it has I been once made up should enough to recall .3.l.oore's lines: think of sending it to press without "My choice shall be the moonlit waves careful examination, however diligently is Returning homeward to their eaves; .. has been read before. Owing to the neglect ' And een the music o the sea, • : of this precaution, one sometimes sees whole Which, more than, speaks of Thoe;-." paragraphs transposed, the running head- ~ and then I began to feel as if "sli g htli ele lines on one page referring to the' matter in I vated," and cliMbed out. From the pulpit, another, notes at the foot of a page or pages to indeed from almost any point on the astern which they no not belong, and periods in the side of the island, we see the bieakeip dash text that break oil suddenly without coming ing over Mingo rock, a mile or two oat, and to a conclusion. exposed on all sides to the long wash of There was r.time when correctness in-print- waves. The foam-crested billows cl i mb its ing was held in fir higher estimation than it sides like great white leviathans, and inding is at the present day. The Elzevirs, it is said, they cannot quite reach the summit, Spout a affixed their proof-sheets to the doors of the I cloud of spray over it, and slide back again colleges and universities, and !Wood a golden into the dark abyss. Ever returning!to the premium fur the discovery of an error, how- charge, bailed but not disheaxtene, they ever trifling. The Dutch, the French, the Ita- ,„l'ippear in new forms of beauty -conthually. Bans employed as printers' readers professors 'Sitting on the. highest point of the isladl, I see and philologers of the highest, standing, amid •,, a 1 lost every rod of it, and the sevensmaller some of their printers - would - caneela sheet - for - --isAmis , sthitt-oncirele-it.--The neat : view the sake of the slights:B; flaw, en suppress i ::is,. tinique and pleasant. Gray 0 kroeks ~,. ~ an entire volume ratheNtiari M"„slVdrrency to e onstitute full half the surface, and 'ou can inaccurate work. We have altered all that: go m i ll' ova the island, with a little re, and we have improved our technical processes to not step on the soil. In the dells, here a a degree of perfection inconceivable by the 'rood or two of soil is kept moist by 4e stone old printers; but we have thrust the scholar basin in Which it tests; beds of iris iend in j p mit Of the printing office, and have east the violet waves before the gale, and sec as if responsibility of correctness, in so far as scho- they would be blue or purple like tin sea, if larship is concerned, upon the author, who, - they were large enough. The miss and sooth to say, is apt tu be exceedingly remiss grass among the rocks is of more lily hues -where in justice to himself, he should exec-'than are common l on the. main lariat this cise - thegreatest care.-- TO Lcisurc liotos I season. Not is other vegetation hissing. I rested to-day under the shade of a sun aeh that looked as if it had gone through some hard experiences. There are plenty of huckle berry and bayberry bushes. I have eked six native strawberries, and have set u a stone to markthe - spot - where`nine - Others re - rip - en= ing; and I know of one blackberry b h hope fully blossoming. I have before m a bunch of yellow clover, very delicate and eautiful, that you contineutals know nothi r about, except by the botany books; and here are quantities of splendid sea-mosses fo hoever has the industry and patience to pre e them for preservation. For animated na re, there is a flock of sheep of spotless white 'ss, such as are never seen on the main land, xcept in pastures; and half a dozen cows, 3 o have a habit of going to the eastern c s, lying down together, and looking out earnestly over the sea. Doubtless: they . are • foreign it. breed, mail have instinctive .ye ings for fatherland. Also, I should not for t the one black horse, who can draw a c , run the treadmill, and in trotting it witbou a rival. " If there are hugs on the island l ay avoid • The Love of the AlpN. The July number of.khe Cornhill Maga zine contains a pleasant article on "The Love of the Alps," in:Which the fascinations of those -Mountains are thus discussed - - What, after all, is the love of the Alps, and when and where did it .begin? It is easier to ask these questions than to answer them. The classic nations hated mountains. Greek and Roman poets talk of them with disgust and dread.• Nothing could have been more de pressing to a courtier of Augustus thati resi dence at Aosta, even'though he found his the-, atres and triumphal arches there. Wherever classical feeling has predoMinated, 'this has been the case. C'eltini's Memoirs, written in the height of Pan Renaissance, will ex press the aversion which& Florentine or Ro man felt for the inhospitable wilderness of Switzerland. Dryden, in his dedication to the , hidiuot :Emperor, sfqs: "High- objects, it' is true, extract the sight; but it looks up with pain On eraggy Tocki, end barren mountains, and con- THE DAILY EVENING BULLE'tIN.--PHILADELPHIA, SATURDAY, JULY 20,.1867. thmes not intent on any Abject which is waffling in shades and greth,to entertain it.': Addison and Oray had no better epithets than_ "ragged,' ''horrid" and the: like for _Alpine landscape, The- claSSic spirit --was . -- ndverse - to --- enthusiasm --- for - mere . nature.-- Humanity was too protninent, and city life absorbed all interests-;mot to speak of what perhaps is the weightiest -reason-that soli indifferent.accommodation, and imper fect means of traveling,rendered mountainous countries peculiarly disagreeable. It is impos-, Bible to enjoy art or nature while suffering, from fatigue and cold, dreading the attacks of robbers, and wondering whether you will find lbod and shelter at the end of your day's jour ney. Nor was it different in the Middle Ages.. Then individuals had either no Jeianre from War or strife with the elements,_or. else they devoted themselves to the- • .'2l-; their souls. But when the ideas of the Middle Ages had decayed, when improved arts of life had freed,men from - servile subjection to daily needs, when the bondage of religious. tyranny had -been thrown oft, : and political - liberty allowed the full development of tastes and instincts,when moreover the clas sical traditions had lost their power, and courts and coteries became too narrow for the activity of man-then suddenly it was , discovered that Nature in herself possessed transcendent charms. It may sewn absurd to class them all together;yet there is no doubt that the French Revolution,the criticism ofthe Bible, Pantheistic forms of worship, landscape painting, Alpine traveling, and the poetry of Nature, are all signs of the same move-. ment-of a new Renaissance. Limitations of eveiry sort have been shaken off during the last century, allTormlThave been destroyed, all questions asked. The classical spirit loved to arrange; model, preserve traditions, obey laws. We are intolerant of everything that is not simple, unbiassed by prescription, liberal as the wind, and natural as the moun. Min crawl.. We gole feed this spirit of :free- - dom among the Alps. What the virgin forests of America are to Americans the Alps arc to us. What thple is.. in Allege huge blocks and walls of granite crowned with ice that fascinates us it is hard to analyze. Why, seeing that we find them so 'attractive. they should have repelled our ancestors of the fourth generation and all the winid before Mimi, is another mystery,'" We cannot ex plain what rapport ,there is between our human souls and these inequalities in the sot flue of the earth which we call Alps: Ten nyson speaks of " Some vague emotion of delight In gazing up :in Alpine height,-" Mid its vagueness eludes detinition. • The in terest which physical science has created for natural objects has something to do with it. Curiosity and the charm of novelty - increases this interest. No towns, no cultivated tracts of Europe, howeVer beautiful, form such a contrast to our London life as Switzerland. Then there is the health and joy that conies from exercise in open air; the senses freshened by good sleep; the blood quickened by .a lighter and rarer atmosphere. Our modes of life, the breaking down of class privileges,the extension of education, which contribute •to make the individual greater and-society less, render. the solitude of mountains refreshing. Facilities of traveling and improved accom modation leave us free to enjoy the natural beauty which we seek. Our minds, too, are prepared to sympathize-with-the:inani mate world; we have learned to look on the universe as a whole, and ourselves as a part Of it, related by close lies of friendship to all its other members. Shelley's, Wordsworth's, Gruhe's poetry has taught us this; we are all more or less Pantheists, worshippers of "God in nature," convinced of the omnipresence of the informing mind. Thus, when•we admire the Alps we are after all but children of the centirry,. We follow io.rtroton blindly, and, while we armir ourselves spontaneva. , 'cestacy, perform the part for which we have b een trained from childhood by the atmospo,,m , in which we live,. It is this very unconscious ness and universality of the impulse we obey which makes it hard to analyze. Contem porary history is difficult to Write; to define the spirit of the age in which we live is still more difficult; to account for impressionS •-which owe all their force to their identity with theMselves" is most difficult of all. We mast be content to feel, and not to an alyze. . Observation. Occasionally one cOrnessfroin the main land, disguised m fashionable, tog-' ,gory, but The air does not agree with them and they eat one dinner and leave. As long ago 01647, Richard Cutts, anti. John Cutting sent,a_sharp remonstrance to the General Court against the practices of one John Rey nolds,' who, "contrary to an order of court, which sayeth: 'No woman shall live on the, Isles of &oils,' hath not only brought his wile hither with an intention to live here and abide; but also lath brought upon llog Island a great stock of goats and swine, which, by destrOying much fish, do great damage to your petitioners and others, and also spoil the spring of water upon the island,. rendering it unfit for any manner of use, which at fords the only relief and supply to all the rest of the islanilsuronr patitiOners - therefbre pray i 'ltiithe put in execution for the removal of all women from here, and that said Reynolds may be ordered to - remove his - goats - and - swine -from the islands tvithout delay." The General Court ordered ,Reynolds to remove Ids goats and swine within thirty days, but "as to the re moval of his wife, it is thought fit by the court that, if no further complaint' come against her, she may enjoy the company of , her husband." Women have been tolerated here-ever since; more than tolerated, to speak truly, and when the daily steamer approaches the first effort is to cow:it - through the telescope the number of women on board. These islands were once agitated by revo lution. lam not sure that it was not the first organized rebellion in North America, though it never got beyond organization. It origink ted with the clergy. A quarrel between Rev.' Mr. Gibson and Ite - V - r.IF. -- LTirkh - Cuti — , which was wholly personal at first, led to a revolt of the islanders against the government of Massachusetts, which then claimed and. held the islands. The Rev. Gibson, by whom the revolt was instigated, before it came to open war, made his own subinlesion and pets- - suaded the islanders to renew their allegiance. and there was a general amnesty. by tacit consent. Gibson and Larkham are not the only pastors of note and influence in' the his tory of these islands. Twenty -years after them flourishecHhe Rev. john Brock, who.. had such power in prayer as to restore chit- • dren apparently dead, and to . , raise sunken boats from -the ocean.. The details of his achievements are preserved in authentic re cords. It does not appear, however, that he exercised his faith upon dead adults, or any craft larger than a fishing smack. The only houses on this island are the On , nected cluster. called the Appledore House; but there are cellars and walled inclosures of ten or twelve. During the war of 1812 the people were driven from the island by the general government, on suspicion or evidence that they were selling supplies to the British. It is also supposed that pirates visited the Island in former times, and indeed consider able Spanish money was once Ibund among the reeks. I have turned over several big ones without finding any, but other explorers may be more fortunate. I would not advise any violent experiments, with crowbars, id ' tro-glycerhie and such things, for the equilib rium of the islands is already disturbed. and. either the north end of this one is rising, or the south end sinking, or the whole of Star Island is rising; the evidence of which is that more of the Appledore House is seen from the:latter—island than a leis' years an, and indeed the change Is quite rapid, geo logically speaking; and appreciable to those now 'living on the islands. Mythologically it is accounted for by ,an accident which happened to one of the Titans who helped heave the rock from the summit of Mount Washington. Having taken off his coat for the lift, he was caught by his .suspenders on a sharp rock and went with the mass, falling under the south end of Appledore us it piunged into the sea. As his bones decay and sink deeper into the sand the rock above naturally sightlo• . and you will see . lk JUL' C2koll , .ak. , iltnlll. the rocks there are steeply inclined, and are actually sliding into the sea. You may not perceive the motion without watching a few centuries, but you will rind abundant evidence of the facts. Some masses weighing thou= -sands of tons have slid several rods from Where they were broken and stand ready to plunge into the sea at a favorable moment.— AS ' prinfijidd R(publicalLaAa..ll6 Lord. Byron Setting to Mr. West for his Portrait. Now that the Countess Guiccioli Memoirs are to be published, the foll Owing 'extract from 'a•letter of Benjamin West will be read with fresh interest. The letter was written I) . ont Pisa, Italy, in 1829 : On the day appointed, I arrived at two o'clock, and began the picture. 1 found him a bad sitter. Ile talked all the time, and asked a multitude of questions about Ame- T,Mlillthow I likt4,••47'' the Italians, &c. 'When he was srlt nt.fie Wag' a better sitter than before; for he assumed a countenance that did not belong to him; as though he were thinking of a frontispiece for ' Childe 'Harold: In about an , hour our first sitting terminated, and I returned to Leghorn, scarcely able to persuade myself that this was the haughty misanthrope whose character had always appeared so enveloped in gloom and mystery, for. I do not remember ever to have met with manners more gentle and attractive.. The text day I returned and had another sitting of an hour, during which he seemed anxious to know what I should make of my undertaking. While I was painting, the window froM which I received my light be came suddenly darkened, and I heard a voice exclaim, "e troppo MN:" I turned and dis covered a beautiful female stooping down to look in, tit ground on the outside being on a level with the bottom of the window. Her long golden hair hung down about her face and shoulders, her complexion was exquisite, and her smile completed one of the most ro mantic-looking heads,, set off, as it was; by the bright sure_ behind it, which I had ever beheld. Lord Byron invited her to come iu, and introduced her to me as the Countess Guiecieli. He seemed very fond of her, and 1 was glad of her presence, forthe playful manner which he assumed toward her made him a much better sitter. The next day I was pleased to find that the progress which I had made in his likeness had given satisfaction, for, when we were alone, he said that he had a particular -favor to re quest of me—would I grant it? I said I should be happy to oblige him, and he en joined me to the flattering task of painting the Countess Guiceioli's portrait for him. Oa the following morning I began it, and after that they sat alternately. He gave me the whole history of his connection with her, and said - that - heiroped - it — Wbukl — fast — forefver; lit any rate, it should not be his fault if it did not. His other attachments had been broken off by no fault of his. I was by this time sufficiently - intimate with him to answer his questions as to what I thought of him before I. had seen him. He laughed much at the idea which I had formed' of him ) and said; "Well, you find me like other people, do you not?" He often after ward repeated, "And so you thought me a finer fellow, did you?" I remember once telling him,that notwithstanding his vivacity, I thought myself. correct in at least one esti mate. which I- had made of him, tier I still conceived that he was not a happy man. He inquired,earnestly what reason I had for thinking 30, and asked him if he had,never Observed little children, after .a paroxysm of grief, that they had at intervals' a convulsive or tremulous manner of drawing in a long breath. Wherever I had observed It in per eons of whaterir age, I had always found that it came from sorrow. He .said the thought was new to him, and that he would make use of it. A STORY Of RERANGER. How Couture Painted Wronger's POrtralt—flints to Artists. A charming story of Beranger appears in the book just published. by Couture. Couture prefaces the story with some ex cellent advice to artists. When we remember the hundreds of expressionless: portraits in galleries, we cannot be too thankful to our author for his wise counsel. He says: "There is in nature a phase full of ocharni. It is - the physiognomical side; - these - traits;- the,'7 - • se'r'N:to persens a particular. eliariierer --- Liiteinust be respected, de- • veloped even. Take care not to give to your. portraits - theatrical attitudes,• be simple and modest, for in the pose, in their expression, is the truth of the likeness:" He says that in the first sitting a woman will display to the artist all the beauty of her face, all the graces of her mind, to gain from him the most favorable impression of her person. . "The painter should talk with his model, animate her as much as possible, and guard well against her immobility. To know how to converse with his model is one of the talents of the portrait painter. He must seize upon that which combines all the most salient points of person and character, and then with great rapidity reproduce it upon the canvas." It is in illustration of this idea that Couture relates-theincidentrhis-career-whichovhile exquisite in itself, gives us a sketch of &ran ger; a - portrait aijo - ple trUtilflll ) which could only have been drawn by one great artist of another. With the most unbounded admiration and enthusiasm for Beranger, it had Always .beer the desire .of, Couture, to Make a picture of him from life. - So; One day, armed with a letter of introduction from Madame Sand, he started for the Rue d'Enfer. Arrived at the door, he knocked; an old man appeared, dressed in a gray robe de oho. mizbee. :`We will leave M. Couture to tell the story hi birlin words : " Beranger,?' " am be.' "In answering he held the Cool' but ii.tle way open, "'What do you wish?' "It would have been easy for me to present my letter of introduction, but I had the stupid idea of keeping it. It was a precious auto graph. I murmured some words—showel my paper and crayon. But alas!" my defeat was complete, the door began to close. "No sir,' he said, 'that is disagreeable to me; they have already made my portrait: some of them have succeeded perfectly. Make use of them, and leave me in peace.' "The doorciosed slowly. All was lost. "'I have done, wrong, M. Beranger. should have given yon a letter which I have kept. My vanity was so great that I thought I 'could present myself without support. I am punished; it is just.' - "I stepped back, ashamed and confused. The door opened. 6` 'What is your name?' "I returned, "'My name is Couture.' • "'You are not Couture, of the •Doe,,dence of - the Romans: `Yes, sir.' "I felt myself seized .by the coat, drawn violently; the terrible door was closed—but this time I- was inside, and pressed against the w 'You Couture? Is it possible; you so young! Butwhat was I about to do? Shut the door in your face?' " 'But it was already , done, M. Berarger.' - " 'But you do not know that I adore you. You do not know that it is one of i the dreams tta mtufe by of my old age to have my _ / am ai t.(1g4 . 0 has. .1. your service.' "Then taking me by the.hand, he led me to another room, pfesented me to his old com panion, saving: it is (!buture; and 1 was about to put him , out of the house.' "After a while I told him that I 0 - 011,1 make the picture there, and not disturb him; but he insisted that he would come to my studio. "It isnot an easy thing for an old tnan to come from the Rue d'Enfer to the Barrire • Blanche, where I lived. lie was fatigued when he came, and said to me with an air of goodness: "'Dear child ? this must be you. L•3t us see, where shall I sit? It' I can sli!ap a little it willlo me gObtl. It is a long walk here.' _ gavtthim a fauteuil. lie settled himself in it andslept. I walked about my atelier so &awaken him; then I went near so tint buld see Itim,well While he slept. He. _had a vast head. By its dimensions, ,Pry its form, one could comprehend the grandeur of the mind. The lower part of the thee seemed to be in discord with the upper. Here th foree, the majesty; lower down all the bon 11(,nimic of the good man. Beyond this age had effaced the expressive lines,. and I recog,- nixed with difficulty the Beranger known m the portraits. My task had become painful. To paint the face which I saw before me, to give to the public the image-of an intelligence nearly extinct, was not what I wished. But what could I do ? I was in the midst of these reflections when he awoke. I lOoked ,at him, steadily for some time, and I saw that his upper eyelids continually rose and fell upon the eyes. What was to be done? If the flesh had yet retained its force ! But no, as with old draperies formless by use, so these always took various forms. In the other .. partsg the face the same depreSsion, the same kritss rolled helplessly over each other. I telt that I was lost. ButthiS would never do. We must not despair. Let us try, and thin was the way I did it: " I3eranger, do you know the air - corn - - posed for your Vieux Caporal ?' " `No,' he replied, 'some persons came to my house to sin , r ° it to me; there were several of them; they had, they said, a piano in a carriage. As I had chosen the air myself, and as I doubt that any one can choose better than I, I do not wish to encourage these en croachments upon my work. The fact was I did not wish to receive.these people.' " know your way of not receiving peo ple. But you will permit me to say that you have done wrong, for the air composed for the thing itself appears to me to -be much more dramatic than that you have chosen. As the circumstances thvor us without disturbing you, I will sin: the Vieux Caporal,' and I sang. " Yes, you are right; it is very good. Sing me the second couplet. But it is charming. Sing all of it. i like to hear you "At the end of the song his features had changed; the eyelids were him, showing the eyes full of life; they seemed to be the lights of that.beautilhl intellect. I held him in this state while he grew younger and younger. Leading him back to the past, Lspoke.to him of Manuel, his friend. Oh, then it was a real resurrection! We were in 1850; by our memories wo returned to the struggles of the Restoration in IB2Q. Thirty years' ditlbrencer disappeared as if by enchantment. I saw this great genius born agam. He arose,walked,came back to his seat.. He spoke to me of the 'two hundred and twenty-one,' as if they were yet, there; the attack upon Charles X.; the and attained; the shouts of applause of the crowd. It seemed tome that: an which he. deF;Crihed could - be beard, Ileranger wits before me,. I had but to copy. I Saw reappearing a , characteristic expression which for a long time had-disappeared from the lips of the old man; VI May express, it in this way, it was a whistling laugh. Ile had movements like those of a bird. lie bent his head as if to to some response—caustic, with rail lery, yet all enveloped in entire kind-hearted ness. "lie said, when he Saw my design, 'That gives me the look of a worthy fellow;' then, pushing ine with his elbow, he added, 'An honest man, in whom you must not expect. too much.' Ma. Hoitm GItP.ELEY is, we learn,.tO con tribute hi& 'autobiography To the New Yo'rk D'dgcr, in a . silit.ta' - of papers with the title.. "Recollections of a Busy Life." The first of these papers will appear in a few, weeks, after the lust series of papers by College Pre sidents has been printed. Mr. Greeley's autobiography cannot fail to be interesting. lle will be able to tell much of his.; arlier political life, of his long and in timate intercourse with Mr. Seward; and he will perhaps reprint for the edification of the public the letter in which he broke with Mr. Seward because the latter did not help him to office. We shall expect to hear also the par ticulars of his intercourse and correspondence with rebel agents at different times during the war; and his own full and particular account of the bailing of Davis, as well as various other matters. A history of the early days of the morning press in New Yerk city from ~ir..Greeley's point of_viewvill n doubt_be RETAIL DRY GOODS. LA_ . .. _ _*,...... .. . A t 4)0„ e--',' • ~ ,,c"'' _ . `'' Fourth and Arch. '... Large Stock of Summer Quilts, 10 4 t lid 11.4 I..nrcroter Quilt'. 11-4 11 ,, neyro:.11 , QuiltA. Pink :,n.11111,,. .Thtr wall.- Quiltr. 1 inert White . Quiltr Igni“ , rl ,, t. 11 , ,tc16 ttliu.ll. ..1 frith (pilltm, Skpkin , , Tro.v.lr, TAle Linenr, hhi•ohlro. etr... ete. .. ii ilVe jurt optaied ituoti.cr e:..me Silver P011ir..., 1 - : 1.,nd1t,.` hark l,nwn , Fren , b and Unglieh. hin Goode t van. ty. r Te•d!tr. (I. I'. S.—White StrawlA, wholeeale nod retail. dellbrin WHEAP DRY GOODS FRONT. NEW YORK. wing to t h e di prosecd condition of b MIIICI4 in Ncw i • ork !lace Lech nbl• t idachaoc good., at leer 04,4 cvt. az:d It,. tail lioye:m tisill tied rrcat ach LL:i•r• CURWEN STODDART BRO., 450, 152 ad 451 North Foond Strml, *kat 'llisow, yl9-3t ILA_DIES Leaving for the Country or Watering Places, wilt find SPLENDID ABSORTMENTSOP Materials for White Bodies. Embr'd Breakfast 5,...45. and %WINO Linen Undersieeves. Printed Linen Caine— Plain and p.a.acill riques. E. M. NEEDLES & CO.'S, N.W.Cor. Ilth and Chestnut Sts. .1.51:41TL1S ,LIINJ,SSIHD TOT CANVASS MESH BLACK IRON BAREGE, THE C 1 Gert quality imported. Air°. the ordinary qualifier. 8-4 White and Black Barege. White and Black . Crape Maretz- Rich Figured Grerradinca and Organdie?. (.;:inailine and Organdie Kober, redlced Summer Silkr and Poplin?. Figured Lincrin, for Drerrer. Materials for Traveling thitr. .=.;.,mmer Dreoe Goodr, try much reduced in 'Tice. . EDWIN HALL k CO.. :Di South Sec6nrl rt. („:T1 LI. GREATER ItEDUI,TIONJN Difl.:SS 4.:0411)., t• r lore out our entire Stitutoer etock. l'inid and Striped Lenon beautiful., cent*. Ft, nch Las% L. beat t•tylvF, very tine. 1:5 and 31 c. cto W Ground Molitiirr, at one-half of tort (;rgeal atuf. White Ptik ts Sake, P laid inlia Sao', a very choit,"afinortment. Strip d Skirting. &Arable for Tourt,to, at 25 tent*. Nainrook, Swim, Cambric and Jacouet At STOKES At WOOD'S, 7112 Arch rtrret. DLACK AND WHITE LACE POINTES AND hi tlllslll/W. Sea-Fide end Nara Shaul',. Shetland and liarege Spring Cloaks, reduced. Cray Plaid Cloths.. for Circulars.. ' Scarlet and White Clothe. !troche Shawle. open centrists. Plaid and Stripe Woolen Shawl' , EDWIN 'LADD A; CO., 28 South Second LEA & PERRINS' CELEBRATED. WORCESTERSHIRE SAUCE. PRONOUNCED OY Connoisseurs OEIE3 "ONLY GOOD SAUCE" AtaiD APPLICIA_BLE.,TiL EVERY VARIETY DISH. The suceere of this most dellciotus and unrivaled condi. went having caused many unprincipled dealers to 'apply the name to Spurious Compounds, the Punt.to is 'Topes& fully and earvoilly requested to see that the names of LEA fi PERRINS arc upon the WRAPPER. LABEL. STOPPER and BOTTLE/. Manufactured hy LEA & PERRINS, Worcester, JOHN DUNCAN'S SONS, AGENTS FOR THE UNITED'STATES, NEW YORK. 17Wralyisp —riaCPIVIAS - WVABI3 (Buccenor to Win. F. Ilugheej FORKS OF SECOND AND CHRISTIAN STREETS. BALD, FRESH, BAIT AND 11K1NG lIAY. BALED, WHEAT, OAT AND BYE STRAW, FOR SHIPPING AND CITY USE. znyB e w6mrP INDIA RUBBER MACHINE BELTING. STEAM Packing, Hoge, &c. Engineers and dealera will 'find a full aaaortment of Goodyear's Patent Vulcanized Rubber Bolting. Packing. Boa% &0., at the hf enufactUrer'a Lteadquartere. GOODYEA R'S. 808 Cheatnut Street, Bonth ride. N. B.—We have a New and Cheap Article of Garden and Pavement lioee. very cheap, to which the attention of the public id called. EXTRACT a Letter from a :DICAL GENTLE. MAN MADRAS, to hia Brother at IBOZATER. May‘ lB6l. roll LEA & PER iS _ that Lilo ;CE la hinlity — en= ned in India and is, ny npinion , the meet'... atablu au well as the not whalonome ,BCE that in made."' BECOPiKTRUCTION niLl.. 711se Presidential Veto Message, W A si,isnioN. July 18.-- 7'o the Bromic e,/' .f.potativee grille 1:;),Ited Seate.Y: I return herewith the hill entitled "Ali act suirlilemontary to an :ler: cutitied au act to provide. for the more (Ancient • guff eminent of the rebel Stites," passed' on the 2 , 1 day of March, Itst;';', and the ActsuppleinentarY' thereto; passed on the 23d day ,of March, 186, and will state. as briefly as possible, some of tin! rt.a:,ons which prevent nic.troui giving.it my ap- Lam al. Thih one old series of inertsurcs pasred by Con „res.: during; the In A fon r months on the subject or reconstruction. The message returning the act of the . .!d. of March laSt status at lengla my objections to the pass,we of that measure; they iriy equally well to the bill LW W before me, and I am content merely to refer to them, and to reiterate my conviction tiea they "are 'sound and unanswerable. There are some points peculiar to this bill which I will proceed at 011ee Iff CeiLlhider. • ” • The first section purport. .to deelars, the true latent and meaning, in some particulars, of the Trior acts Upon this subject. It is declared that the intent of those acts wag, first,- "That the ex isting governments in the ten rebel States" were not legal State governments; and second, "That thereafter said' governments, if dontinued, were to be continued subjects in all respects to the military commanders of the, respective districts rind to the paramount authority of Congress." Congress may, by a declaratory act, fix upon an act a construction altogether at variance with its apparent meaning,and from the time at least when such construction Is fixed the original act will be •construed to mean exactly what it Is stated to thean by the declarattiry statute.., There will be, then. tram the time this hill may become a law. no doubt, no question as to the relation in which the existing goveruruents lu those States, called in the original act the "prOvi4onal govern tuents," stand towards the military authority. As their' relations stood before the declaratory •aet, these "governments," It Is _truewere_matle bj , suect to absolute military authority in many important respects, but trot in all the language •of the act being `'subject to the military authority of the United States as hereinafter presented." by the sixth section of the original act these governments were made "in all resyeets subject to the paramount authority of the C tilted States." Now. he this declaratory act,it appears that Con gtesa did licit': by the trrightai - act, the military authority to any particulars or sub ject.- therein "prescribed, - but meant to make it uniLersal. Thus, aver all these ten States, this military government is now declared to have un limitea authority. It' is. no longer confined to the preservation of the public peace, the adminis tration of criminal law. the registration of voters, and the superintendence of elections, but in all respe( ts is asserted to be paramount to the ex isting cii it governments. It ,is itnpossi ble to conceive , any state Of, society more intolerable than this, and yet•it is - to thiS coii diriou that twilve millions of American citizens at: reduced by the Congress of the United States. Over even - foot of the immense territory occu pied by these American citizens, the Constitution of imUnited States theoretically is in full opera tion. It binds all the people there. and should protect them: yet they.are denied every one of its sacred guarantees. Of what avail will it be to any one of these southern people, when seized by a tile of s oldiers, to ask for the cause of arrest or for the production of the warrant? Of what as ail to ask fur the privilege of bail when in I/Wit:lry custody, which knows no such thing as Of what avail to demand a trial by jury, procNs for witnesses, it coov of the indictment, the privilege of counsel, or that greater privilege, the wirit of habeas corp,?. , ! The veto of the original bill of the 2.d of March ' , was based or. two.distinct grounds. "the inter,- 'femme Of Congress)n madys stiltaly appertain ro the reserved powers - o the - States - , - and the estabiialiment of military tribunals for the trial of citizens in the time of peace." The iMpartial reader of that message will understand that all it .contains with respect to military despotism and martial law has reference especially to the fearful )ower conferred on the district commanders to displace the criminal courts and abd s diction to try and to punish by military boards: that potentially the n suspension of - the habeas corpus was martial law and Tliiiit:ArV despotism. The act now before me not only declares that the Intent was to confer such military authority, but also to confer un limited military- authority over all the other =courts of the State. and over all the officers of the State. legislative, - executive and judicial. Sot content with the general grant of power. Con gress In the second section of this bill specifically gives to end' military commander the power to —suspend or remove from office. or from the per fhrm_,ncc of official duties and the exercise of official power. any oflie , T or person holding or exercising. or professing to hold or exercise any civil or military office or duty in such district under any power, election, appointment or authority derived from or 'granted by or claimed under any so-called - State, or the government thereof. or any municipal Or utLter division thereol.•' A power • [Lai hii,.irto all the departments of the lederal Government, acting iu eonerrt or s.2parately, hal e not dated to exercise. is here attempted to (:01;t:1 red on a 611 k traillale Military Onkel% .v a military officer of the Feleral 4;10.1 11.:111!!:1. t.s :aver the powa.r. supported by saffieleet military ffirce. - to remove every civil ode cr of the :State. What next? The dis trirt cee.nctlider, who has Um , displaced the civil! r,lt rrr, antlefrized to tiP: the vacancy by demit el :fa officer or soldier - or the army, ur by the appointment of sone: other ptrson. This military appointee, whether an officer, a soldier, ,ufne other per-On, i, to pert;rrm the duties of 1-11 eh 1,11:(11' or person so :upended or removed. otl.cr words. an officer or soldier of the army )104",,-4411f4s.ltUterl inwimOell calker. riClllllcl.32 . (Mal • a If.af islator or a judg4. However unfit he may deem itinerelf for such cr it duties. he must obey the order. The officer of the finny must, if detailed, go upon the *supreme !midi of the State with the S.:11110 prompt obediehee as If he were detailed to go upon a court-martial. The soldier. if detailed to act as a justice of the peace, amt obey a, quickly as if he were detailed for picket' duty. What is the chari:eter of such a military-civil officer? This bill deelarfo that he shallperform the duties of the civil office to which he is detailed. It is clear. however, that he does not lose his posi tion in the military service. Be is still an officer Ur soldier of the army. He is still subject to the rule, and regulations which govern it, and must yield due deference, respect, and obedience towards his superiors. The clear intent of this section is that the officer or soldier detailed to fill It civil office, must execute. its dit ties according to the laws of the State. If he is appointed a Governor of a State he is to execute the duties as provided by the laws of that State, and for the time being his military character is to be f•uspeuded in his new civil capacity. If he is appointed a State Treasurer he must at once as sume the custody and disbursethent of the funds of the State. and must perform these dutifis pre cisely according to the laws of the State, for he is entrusted with no other official duty - or official power. Holding the office of treasurer, and entrusted with funds, it happens that he is required by the State laws to enter into bond with security, and to take an oath of office: yet from the beginning of the bill to the end there is no provision for any bond or oath of office, or for any single qualification required under the State law, residenqr, *citizenship or anything else. The only oath is that provided for in the ninth section, 'by the terms of which every one detailed or appointed to any civil office in the State is required "to take and to subscribe the oath of office prescribed by law for the officers of the United States." Thus an officer of the army of the United States, de tailed to till a civil office in- one of these States, gives no• official bond and takes no official oath . tor the performance/of his new duties, but as a civil officer of a State, only takes the same oath Which - he - had - already - takernts - althillotry - officer of the United States. He is at last a military officer performing civil duties, and the authority uthier which he acts is Federal authority only, and the inevitable result is that the Federal gov .ernment by the agency - of its - own swornoffieers.in v fleet, assumes the civil governthent of the State. A singular contradiction is apparent here. Con gress declares these local State governments to be illegal governments, and then provides that the illegal governments are to be carried on by Federal officers, who are to - perform the very dit ties imposed on its own officers by this illegal -State authority. -It would be a novel spectacle If Congress Shotild atteinp - Ito carry on a legal State government by the agency of its officers. 'lt, is yet more strange that Congress attempts to sus tain and carry on an illegal State government by .the same :Federal agency. In this connection, I must call attention to the tenth and eleventh sections of the bill, which pro vide .that none of the officers or appointees of these military commanders "shall be bound in their action by any opinion of any civil officer of die United States. and that all the-provisionsof tile act shall ho ionstruedlllrerally ; :"...to. the end- Chat ;Ili in:yids thereof 'link - be tUlly• iffid per icetly cirri out It Kk:CIM Congress sUpposed that this bill Wight require construction, and they therefore, the rule to be applied. But where is the construction to come from ? Certainly no one C:!1 - 1 be more in want or lIISINIOIOII than a soldier or officer of the army detailed fora civil service, perhaps the most important lb a State, with the ditties of which he is altogether un familiar. Ilk hin says he shall not be bound in his action by the opinion of any civil officer of the United States. The duties 011ie office arc altogether civil, but 1% hen he asks for an opinion he can only ask the opinion of another military officer, who perhaps illderstands as little of his duties as he does him- Self: and as to his "action." be is answerable -to the military authority.. and the military autho ritifone. Strictly. • no opinion of any civil" officer, other.thsiva judge. has a ,binding force: but . theike inilitap" appointees would dot be bound, even judicial opinion: They might very Well say. even when their action ,s in con flict with the Supreme Court of the United States. "that Court is composed of civil officers of the United States, and , we are not bound to conform our action I to any Opinion of any such authority." This bill, and the acts to which it is supplementary, are all ' founded upon the assumption that these ten communities are not States", and that their exist ing governments are not legal. Throughout the legislation upon this subject, they are called rebel States. Anti in this particular bill they arc de-; nominated "so-called States," and the.vice of il legality is declared to pervade all of them. The obligations of consistency bind a legislative body as well as the individuals who compose it. It is now too late to say that these ten political coin niunities are not States Of the Union. Declarations to the contrary in these acts are—con tradieteAl—again—and—tigalia—bys-r puted acts of legislation enacted by Congress irons the year 1861 to the year 1867. During that period, whilst these States were in actual rebel lion, and after that rebellion was brought to a close, they have been again and again recognized as States of the Union. Representation has been apportioned to them as States. They have been divided into judicial districts for the holding of "distrust and eireuiteoUrti" Of the United States, and States of the Union can only be districted. The last act on this subject was passed July 23. 1866, by which every one of "these ten States was arranged into districts and cir cuits: they have been called upon by Congress to act through their Legislatures upon at least two amendments to the Constitution of the United States : as States they have ratified one amendment, which required the vote of twenty se; en States of the thirty-six composing the Union. When the requisite twenty-seven votes were 4iven in tut or of that amendment, seven of which Votes were given by seven of these ten States. It was proclaimed to be a part of the Con stitution of the United States, and slavery .was declared no longer to exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction. • It these seven States were not legal States of the Union. it follows, as an inevitable consequence, that slavery yet exists. It does not exist in these st:ven Stales, for they have abolished it also in their own State Constitutions,, but Kentucky not having donesso, it would still remain in that State. But, in truth, if this assumption that these States have noAlegal State governments be true, then the abolition of slavery by these illegal governments binds no one, -• for Congress now denies to these States the power to abolish slavery by denying to them the power to elect a legal State Legislature, or to frame a constitution for any purpose, even for such a purpose as abolition 0I slavery. . . As to - the other constitutional amendment; having reference to suffrage, it happens that these States have not accepted it. The conse quence is thatit has never been proclaimed or understood even by Congress to be a part of the Constitution of the United States. The Senate of the United States has repeatedly given its et4on-to—the-appointment-oLjudges,dis ' attorneys and marshals for every one of these States, and yet, if: they are not legal States, not one of these judges is authorized to hold a court. So, too, both houses of Congress have passed ap propriation bills to pay all these jai es, attor neys and officers of the United States'qor exer cising their functions in these States. Again, in the machinery of the internal revenue laws all these States arc districted not as territories, but as States. So much for continuous legislative recognition. The instances cited, however, fall far short of all that might be enumerated. Execu tive recognition, as is well known, has been frc .ment and unwavering. The same may be said as to judicial recognition through the Supreme Court 01 the United States. That august tribunal, from first to last, in the administration of its duties in bane and upon the circuit, has Dever failed to recognize these ten communities as legal 'States of the Union. The cases depending in that court upon aHwal and writ of error from these States when the rebellion began, have not been dismissed upon any idea of the cessation of jurisdiction.' '1 hey werc l earefully continued from term to term nritci the rebellion was entirely sul dried and peace lc-established, and then they were called 'tor argument and consideration. tts if no insur reetion had intervened. New cases oecurring since the rebellion have come from these Mates before that court by writ of error and appeal.and even by original suit where only a State can bring stn It a suit. These cases arc entertained by that tril mnalan the exercise of its aeknov, ledged joris dietioh, which could not attach to them it they had come from any political body other than a State of the Union. Finally, in the allotment of their circuits made by the jtidges at the December term, lerti. every one of these States is put on the same footing of Irgality with all the, other States of the town. Vir7inia and North Carolina being a part )1 . the the fourth circuit. are allotted to the Chief ;Jus tice. South Carolina, Georgia. Alabama. Mis-ls sippiandllorida eonstim tingt he fifth eircuitovere allotted it, the late Mr. Justice Wayne. Louisi ana, Arkansas and- Texas , are allotted to the sixth judicial circuit, :as -to which there a vacancy on the bench. The Chief Justice, in the exercise of his eireuiLdutieS, has recently held a Circuit Courtin the State of North Carolina. If North Carolina is not a State of this UniOn, the Chief Justice had no authority to hold a court there, and every order, judgment amt a deeree ren dered by him in that court were and .judire. Another ground on which these reconstruction atits are attempted to be sustained is this: that these ten States are conquered territory; that the constitutional relation in which they stood as states towards the Federal government prior to the rebellion, has given place to new relation; that their territory is a conquered country, and their citizens (a conquered people, and that in this new relation Congress can govern them by military power. A title by conquest stands on clear ground; it is a new title acquired by war. It applies only to territory, for goods and move able things regularly captured in war are called "MN - Ay," or if taken by individual . soldiers, "plunder." There is not a foot of the land in any one of these ten States which the United States holds by conquest, save only such land as did not belong to either of these States or to any indi vidual owner. I mean such lands as did not be long to the pretended government called the Con federate States. These lands we may claim to hold by conquest; as to all other land or territory, whether belonging to the StaMs or individhals, the Federal Government has now no More title . or right to it than it had before the rebellion. Oar own forts, arsenals, navy-yards, custom-houses and other Federal property situate in those States we now bold, not by the title of eon - quest, but by our old title—acquired by purchase or condemnation to ptiblic use, with compensation to former owners. We have not conquered these _places,but have simply . "repossesscd" them If we iitirrtAnizire --- sites - Abr — forts; — etiStetrit - -tionses, or any other public use, we must acquire the title to them by purchase or appropriation in the regular mode. At this moment the United States, in the acquisition of sites for national cemeteries in these States, acquires , title in the same way. The Federal courts sit in court-houses owned or leased by the United States, not in the court houses of the States. The ' tnitcd States bays each of these States for. the use of its jails. Finally, the United States levies its direct taxes . and its internal revenue upon the property in these States, includingt the productions of the lands within their territorial limits, not by way of levy and contribution in the character of a conqueror, but in the regular way of taxation, under the same laws - which apply to all the other States of the Union. From first to last, during the rebellion and since, the title of each of these States to the lands and public THE DAILY EVENING BULLETIN.-PHILADELPHIA,,SATURDAY, JULY 20, 1867. buildings owned by them hnit i never been dis turbed, nint rot a foot of 't has ever been acquired f# the United States, t; tut..!c a title by confacation, awl not a toot of it inn- ever been . • laced urider Federal law. In I must.-tespectfidly ask the a t. tention - 01Cooim•!-A to Mi. tutiSide•rat!tmi of 0116 more question arising t ndcr this bill: It vests in the military comthailer, 'subject only to the ap proval of the General of the Army of the United States, an unlimited power to remove-from office any civil or military officer in each of these ted States, and the further power, subject to the same approval , to detail orappoint any military officer or soldier of the United States "to - perform the duties of the officer so removed. and to fill all vacat.cies occurring in these States by death, re signation, or otherwise. The 'military appointee thus rtiquired to perform the dutieS of a civil of ficer. according to the laws 'of' the State, and as such required to take an oath, is for the time being a civil officer. What is Ida .character he a civil officer of the State, or a civil officer of the United States ? If he is a civil officer of the State, where is therFeddiagiOWerniider OhfC6fl;•7 stittition- which anthoriZes ,his aPpOinttnent by any Federal officer? If, however, he is to be eon sidered a civil officer of the United States, as lira appointment and oath would seem to in dicate, , where is the authority for his appointment vestal by the Constitution?' The power of appointment of all officers of the United States,-civil or mili tary, where not provided for in the Constitution, is vested in the President, by and with the adviee' and consent of the' Senate, with this exception: that "Congress may, by law, vest the appointment of such inferior OttieCt6 as they think proper, in the President alone, in the courts of law, or in the heads of departments." But thia bill, if these are to be considered inferior officers within the meaning of the Constitution, does not provide for their appointment by the President alone, or by the courts of law, or by the heads of departments, but vests the appoints went in one subordinate executive officer, sub jcct to the approval of - another subordinate ex , eautive officer; so that if we put this question, --and-fix-thmeharaeter of - thit - military - appolnteed either way this provision of the bill is equally op po-,ed to the. Constitution. Take the case of a soldier or officer apPointed to perform the office of judge in one of these States, and as such to administer the proper laws of the State—where is the authority to be found in the Constitution for vesting in a military or an executive officer strict judicial functions to be exereNtd. tindVir - StitteTaW: It has been again arid again decided by the Supreme Court of the 'United States that acts of Congress which have attempted to vest executive power in the judicial courts or judges of the United States arc not warranted.by the Constitution. If Congress cannot clothe a judge with merely executive duties, how can they clothe au officer or soldier Mlle army with judicial duties over citizens of the United States, who are not in the military or naval services? So, too, it has been repeatedly decided that Congress cannot requirtf a State officer, execu tive or judicial. to perform any duty enjoined upon him by a law of the United States. Itow., then, can Congress confer power upon en execu• tive officer of the United States to perform such. duties in a State? If Congress could not vest in a judge of one of these States any judicial -au- Monty under the United StateS by direct enact ment, how can it accomplish the same thing Indirectly by removing the State judge, and putting an officer of the United States in his place To me these considerations arc conclusive of the unconstitutionality of the part of the bill now before me, and I earnestly commend their eon sideralion to the deliberate judgment of Con- Within a period less than a year the legislation of Congress bas attempted to strip the executive department of the government of some of its es sential powers. _ - The Constitution..and the oath provided in it,: devolves upon the President the power and duty, to see that the laws are faithfully executed. The Constitution, in order to carry out this power. gives him the Choice of the agents, and makes' tots subject to his control and supervision, but in the execution of these laws the constitutional ; , -stion upon the Presillent remains.• but the power to exercise that constitutional duty is ef lectu'ally taken away. The , military commander is. as to the power of appointment, in:Melo take the place of,the President, and the General of the army the place of the Senate, and any attempt on the part of the President to- assert his own con stitutional power may, under pretence of law, be met by official insubordination,. it is to be feared that these military offesers, lo4;sitig to the authority given by these. rather than to the letter of the Constitution, will reeog- adze no authority but the commander of the dis trict and the general of - the army. If there were no other objeetion than this to this proposed legislation, it would be sufficient. Whilst I hold the chief executive authority of the United States. whilst the obligation rests unPh we to see that all the laws are faithfully executed. I earl never willimrly- surrender that trust. Or tin. powers given for its execution. I can never ‘,..,•,i\e my assent to I.e made responsible for the faithful. ext cation of laws.and at the sfune time surrender Iliat Inlet, and the powers which aecompany it. to any other cxecutave officer. high or low, or to tlilV number of executive officers. If this executive trust, vested by the Courlim lion in the President, is to be taken from ilium and inverted in a subordinate officer, the responsi bility will be with Congress, in clothin4 th subordinate with unconstitutional power, ;aid with the officer who assumes it , evercise. The interference with the constitutional authority of ° lto. Executive Department is an evil that wilt inevitably -ap the foundations of our federal but it is not the worst evil of this legislation. It is a* great public wrong to take front the pf!werr epnli•lred Oil ttie onstitution. But the wrong fliv:rant and more Luterons when thc - powers -o taken - from the President am eOldi !yell noon subordinate (!Neellti VC, oilles.rs. and especially upon military officers. Over nearly mu -third of the States of the Union military lower. regulated by no fixed IAW, tekt - 11.. supreme. Each one Of the five district commanders, though ,not cht,,/,,n by the people or responsible to them, exercises at this. hour more executive pC.wer, and civil, than_ the .pcoph! have ever I•Leit willing to confer upon the head of the Exe cutive 1/1:pal uncut, though chosen by and re sponsible to themselves. The remedy must come from the people themselves. They know what it how it is to be applied. At the present Liam they cannot: according to the forms of the Con tiintion, repeal these laws. They cannot re mot, e or control this Military despotism. The remedy is nevertheless in their hands. It is to iound in the ballot, and is a sure one if mint coil trolled by.„fraud, overawed by arbitrary power, or front apathy on their part too long delayed. With abiding confidence in their Patriotism, wisdom. and integrity, I ant still hopeful of the future. and that in the end the rod of despotism will tae broken, the armed heel of power be lilted • :rem the necks of the people, and the principles , of violated Constitution preserved. AN DI:ENV J.,11\-,,N. The t'. U. S. 14overnineat. and • The President yesterday, 'in reply to a resolu tion of the Senate. sent to that body vohnninous documents concerning Maximilian; many of them have already been published. On the 21st. of June, Secretary Seward wrote to Mr. Romero, 1 am authorized to inform you that the Aus trian Emperor-will at once re-establish Prince Maximilian in allthis rights of succession as Arch duke of Austri;t •tipow the , Mexiettiasrele;ising him, mid will renounce forever all proects in -Mexico. Will you oblige me by conveying thin message. by telegraph to President Juarez for his infoimation, with a request that, if compatible, he will make the cant; known to Prince Maxi forhis information." Mr. Romero on the same day informed Mr. Seward that he transmitted the above note to the Mexican Minister of Foicign Affairs - having sent it as - s-4y-teleaapii—in—linte-to Teach the outgoing steamer. Ile also states that on the 15th of June he sent Secretary Seward a memorandum of that date. in which was made known to him that the Emperor of the French and the Queen of England had addressed the Go-, vern - ment of the tjniii:d States ici i ktealug it to in terpose its kind offices in favor of Maximilian, Mr. Seward. on the 17th of June, in a note dated 17th of thine, acknowledged. the receipt of Mr. Romero's notes of the 3d, 7th and 12th Weil., in relation to the capture and executiem of Prime Maximilian and Generals Mejia and Miramon. ;kIAD. JUAREZ met with an enthusiastic ptiblie reception, civil and military, iu Vera Oraz,on the 15th. The, was Illuminated and fireworks dislayed. Juarez arrived at the capital on the 15th. He declined a r6election, and has ordered a new election. CITY BULLETIN,. Cocsr is.. A special meeting was held yesterday afternoon to adopt such measured ad may be necessary to enable the city tO secure the_ 2''l ofind of the northern Shore 'of the back eham. net trootlug League Island. for presentamnr t,, the Government of the United States for national uses, and for such other purposes of legislation as the public emerp, - ency may necessitate. Settee Ifroarh.—The Chart° presented the b,!- lowing communication: or Tor: HOPE Fuse COMI-ANV, P1111..‘ Dia.entA, July 18, 1867._:_ret the preAident and mr7alarr , of t/ .S'eli , (l and Cowman Council: The undersigned, representing the !lope Fire Com pany, respectfully ask, at your hands. the ap pointthent of a special committee for the purpose of hearing and determining npott, such evidence as may be submitted to your consideration touching. a certain charge or charges brought by the Hope Fire Company against the Moya mensthg Hose Company, its members and adher - cots, for interfering with the Hope Fire Cotn puny in the discharge of their duties as firemen, and grossly assaulting the Members:al - the itte 'at' Seventh and South anTete, on the morning of Jul. . This request for a special committee' is made because in the order and course of business your petitioners are informed that it mould be referred • to the Committee of Fire and Trusts. Firstr--It sbinid not be referred to'. said' com mittee, because three members of your bodies are members elf the said Moyamensing Hose Corn patty, and are at the present time members of the Committee of Fire and Trusts. Second—That one of the members of the &aid committee is an officer of the said Moyamensing Hose Company, and was an active participant in the riot an& assault, upon the house of the Hope Fire Company on the afternoon of July 15, 1867. Third—Your petitioner respectfully submits that, as the three members aforesaid are mem bers of the Moyamensing Hose Company, they are-in-ettect defendants-in-this-canseand-should not be allowed to sit as judges on a trial wherein they are parties. very respectfully, 'ALFRED BAaiiwr.. President Hope Fire Co. Edward Payson. Secretary. The communication was laid aside for the ' present. The bill from Common Council providing for the - liling of a:petition -for the - selection of a jury to secure the ground near League Island, wag . reud,lll3 d concurred in. Mr. Pollock offered the following: itcoleed. by Ike Select Council of ibe City (pr adelph t'a, That a committee of five members be, and they are hereby, appointed to act in con junction with the committee of Common Council to investigate and report upon the proposed meNer en the Warreli and Franklin Railroad with the Philadelphia and Erie Railroad. After some discussion the resolution was not agreed to—yeas 7, nays 10, as follows: YEA`—.lle,rs. Barlow. Marcus, Pollock-, Shall cress. Shermer, Smith and Stoklev. NA) , —Messrs. Burma, Yox, fiodgdon, - Hop kins, JOIIC6, IleCuteheon, Page, Ritchie, ‘Vagner 'and Spering—President. The reolution frorn the Common Council. re lative to the attach: on the llope Fire Company, was read. Marcus moved the postponement or the Ratject. 2