GIBSON PEACOCK. Editor.
VOLUME XDI.-N(4 282.
I EVENING BULLETIN.
puBLIBEEED E'VIEaY EVRKENG,
(Sundays excepted) at
Pm 329 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.
E3:=l
- "Evening. Bulletin Association."
PIWYKLETaIt&
61 , D350N PRAOOOI.;CASPER SOUDEB. ,, 3r.
W. L. rivrarawrolid EENEST C. WALLACh.
• THOMAS 3. WILLIAMSON.
thalti=trair is served to subscribe /a in the city at
u meta par week; payable to the carriers, or 10 00 per
linutrou
MARRIED.
STABLIGI—OSBURNE--On the 15th Instant, by
Triends'Oervaionnat theresideace ofßichard M. Shoe
znaker,AluiCAL.'•Stabler to A.lbina S. Osborne, all of
Wonigomery county, Marpland. [Baltimore papers
please copy.] - • •
DYED.
OBI — On the 14th instant, _Louisa A. Ohl, eldest
daughter of the hate John F. Ohl, 33b.q. **
STEVMIS—On Wednesday, 14th instant, Sarah,wife
ibf David Stevens. in the 56th year of her age. -.0
I the friends of the &Daily are respectfully Invited
to attend the funeral from her late residence, North
'west corner of Girard and Eleventh streets, on Satur
day next, 17th, eta o'clock, P. IL, without fart her
STILLMAN—On Tuesday _morning, Henrietta B.
wife of Thomas Stillman, and daughter of Samuel
Her relatives and friendsand these of the family are
requested to attend the funeral from the residence of
3ser husband, 1715 Green street, on Saturday morning,
wit 10 o'clock, without further notice.
WALTOFi—On the morning of the 14thinstant, Bes
.l3le Walton, aged 22 years
Her funeral will tate place from her late residence,
3507 Spruce street, on Fdday afternoon, the lath inst.,
at 2 o'clock.
MITRE .4 LAI:DELL• FOURTH AND ARCH,
OPENING TO-DAY FOR
SPRING SALES,
FASHIONABLE NEW SILKS,
NO vELTIES IN DRFss, GOODS,
. NEW STYLtS SPRING SHAWLS.
NEWS RAVELING DRESS GO 3DS,
TOCK OF NEW GOODS.
writaas.
MHOWARD HOSII.ITAL, Non. 1518 and 1520
Loinhardstreet,Disp.n.- , *5 Department. Med
atment and xrusdicines Purniithed gratuitously
illoithe poor. are2B
DR. THOMAS WILL DELIVER THE LAST
and most important Lecture Of his course. THIS
17 " ..MCDts:G at the UNIVERSITY at 8 o'clock. Subject
'Eor.lddhisin, its Origin and Influence." Tickets may
be bad at the door. 3.ts
EZFEMALE MEDICAL COLLEGE.—The An
Dual Commencement of the FEMALE MEDI
COLL} , GE: will be held on SATURDAY NEXT.
27th inst., at 12 o'clock K., at toe College Buildings,
-North College avenue and Twenty-second street.
Midge avenue cars pass near the college. mhIS-2t5
10P, THE SECOND ANNUAL MEETING OF
THE.ALUMNI ASsOCIATION, of the Phila
delphia College of Pharmacy, will be held on FREDAY
:Ina SATURDAY afternoons, March 16th and 17th, at
4334 o'clock, hi the Hall of the College.
WILLTA'm C. SAFFS, Sec'ry.
PHILADELPHL9. COLLEGE OF PHAR
MACY.—The Annual Commencement will be
bold. on SATURDA.Y .IiVESTICG, March 17, 186641.7, the
aI3SICAL FUND MALL, at S o'clock. The valedlc
tory address will be delivered by Prof, WILLIAM
I'LOCIEIt, Jr. The public is respectfully invited.
a.. B. TAYLOR,
Secretary .5. T.
nahls 'Axp
WGOLD! GOLD! GOLD!
EE GILPEC GOLD AND SILVER 31 - 13MCG
4X)XPANT OF COLOBA DO, chartered by the Com
monwealth of Pennsylvania. is now prepared to re
ceive subscriptions for. the Stock, at the °Mee of the
Company, No. 614 Chestnut street. Persons desirous of
sabscribing should call immediately as half the stock
Is already taken. mhls-strps
•tyy, Ara DEMY OF MUSIC. •
Y . • ME'S CHRISTIAN
LECITIRES.
March 22d.. REV. lIMCRY WARD BEECHES,
Subject—RECONSTRUCTION.
March =b. JOHN' B. 00I3OH, Nag,
Subject—HAßlT.
March 29th. JOHN' B. GOUGH, Esq.,
• Subject—TEMPERANCE. utblo-10t.
HIM - :0 'M I. rimialt • I t A • 31:
the Sixth Lecture of the Course before the SO
CIAL, CIV.U, AND STATISTICAL .ASSOCIATION.
'THURSDAY EVENING, March 15th, at CONCERT
33 Subject—" The Dangers and Duties of the
••The "BLACK SWAN" will sing before and after the
leottEre ,
• 'Ti ckets 35 cents. to be had of T. B. Pugh, Sixth and
Chestnut streets, and at the door. Doors open at :
begin at S. rahl2-4t rp
.AMERICAN ACADEMY OF 'MUSIC.-
ItECONSTRUCTION.
Bev. HENRY 'WARD BEECHER will deliver his
THlecture on the above lateresting subject on
lESDAY .r.V.e.2 , MCG, March f.t2d, under the
Zuspioei• or the •
YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION.
lckets, with reserved seats in Parquette, Par
quette Circle and Balcony 75 cents
Orchestra Stalls and cents
.Tamily Circle, reserved.— --...... .50 cents
. .... . ..... cents
The sale of Tickets
will commence on WILDNES
MAY, 14th inst., at 9 o'clock A. M. The north half of
the house at ASP"' AD & EVANS, 724 Chestnut
treet, and th 10
e south half at 3. S. CLAXTON'S, 606
'Chestnut street. rab4l"
ICUs NORTH PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD
anal
GREEN LANE STATION.
The undersigned have on hand a supply of
- .LEHIGH COAL, equal to any in the market, which
ttity prepare with great care and deliver to the
. resadents of GETMAN TOWN and its vicinity at the
following prices, viz:
;BROKEN OR FURNACE COAL $8 00 per Ton.
13:0G OR cAI" A - LT, FURNACE 800 "
STOVE ORRANO.E...-- 800 "
'MATT STOVE ORCITY NUT 800 "
7 50 "
A deduction of FIFTY CENTS PER TON will be
=Lade when token from the yard.
Adhering strictly to ONE PRICE, an order by letter
swill have the same effect as a visit in person and w. 141
03 promptly attended to.
Address tothe Office.
FRANE= INS u tE BUILDING.
15 SOUTH SEVENTH STREET ;
ZOE 82 Germantown Post Office, or to the Yard.
BINES dr. SELEAFF,
Green lane and North Pennsylvania Railroad.
Pnine-D a., - Feb. 24,1866. fc.26-liarps
FINANCE CONOSITTER—WOIMs.^:t CEN
TRAL BRANCH OF 111 n, PENNSYLVANIA
MEN'S • RT.TVIT ASSOCIATION, NO. 418
iwAyNuTt s TREET . , .pliTt , A DELPHI&
The Women's Central Branch of the Penna. Freed
lnen's Relief Association have received the following
:subscriptions during the month Of February, 1865 :
Xrons , the citizens of Williamsport, Pa. $1,014 00
• ' Trenton, 168 60
Wilkesbarre. Pn. , ... ... 156 50
Hazejton, _ 122 00
114 I.7Eisnikeitillli, J.,.......-.
a'rom children's festival, Bloomsburg, Pa.,
.Cilizens of Eckley. Pa..-. . ..
~From Mauch Chunk, sss;:C:yresio ii..ig;247.
'Beaver Meadow, $2O; Pei. 625:..
Seibertville, $2l: White Haven, $26;
Villentown, X 150: Hickory Run, $l5 23;
YishervillEr tux Bloomsburg, Vs 35;
"Mon. E. B. Fuller, Trenton, N. J.,
;Eon. John J. Thompson, Esq.,
„Mrs. Frances Hosidns,..—....
.2f.rs. Nancy M, Grigg
. Through Mrs. John F. Frazer.
:Ben ry Seibert, 50 00
.emirs. JJ Blues Barton 100 00
"Nis. Wm. H. .Ashburst..- 25 00
-- Org. B. Tilebman andthe Misses Tilghman..__ 22 00
Through Mrs. E. H, Farnum. . . ..... ..... 20 00
- MOIL Geo. Cobb 20 00
7fllss B. White, $10; Mrs. Carey, 610 20 00
B:Haywcmd,slo: Mrs. James H.opkirs, $l5 25 00
„Mrs Chas. Hopkins. N, J„ es; A.D.Komedy,ss. 10 00
...Agnes Hann, $2. 711; M. W. Cook, $B.- 16 70
Through Hiss Sarah M
Sm rs.
ith, Port Republic,N.J. 750
- ajarious church collections and anonymous
sums ... 151 27
.31efore aclm owledged
In answer to advertisements requesting donations of
- Shoes from the city shoe dealers, we are happy to se
.7amowledge the following, with the thanks of the • Ass°.
Mation:
From - W. W.Faul'.it Co., one ease containing 50 pair.
From Geo. W. Taklor.,.. " .50 pair.
From Thos. Turney , pant of
cases of women's and children's shoes from Ger-
Samuel Blenkert, 1 lot boots and shoes.
• . S. Beexes, 1 case boots and shoes.
PERS: AUBREY H. SMITH,
Chairman of Committee on Finance.
BLIZA BREADY, Treasurer.
. .
"..L ,2
HZETY-TIEREP.2 returned `'soldiers were
'Appointed on the police force," on Friday
last, by the Newark (N. 3.) CAnntnon Coup.
.eiL A movement worthy of imitation.
THE losses by fire in the United States for
Vie - veral week.s have averaged Intl( a million
clf dollars (laity. , -
BROAD STREET.
As the fate of the Broad street freight
tracks becomes more and more clear, the
anxieties of those to whom the street
has been hitherto sacrificed lead them
continually to stronger efforts and
weaker arguments, in the effort to stay
the tide of public opinion. We suppose
that none will read the elaborate protest
which has just appeared on that side of
the question, without feeling in every
line that it is the pleading of one who
does not believe in his own cause, but
resolutely upholds it because his inter
ests point that way.
It was argued by the - first protest that
every ton of coal consumed in the city
would cost 75 cents more after the change.
When the facts and figures given in
evidence before the Committee of Coun
cils on Law proved the utter absurdity
of this statement, and narrowed the
cost to 3or 4 cents, we could not help
feeling for those who had rashly com
mitted themselves to statements so wide
of the truth. But this is little compared
with the non-sequiturs of the second
protest.
It is claimed that the Baltimore and
Ohio Railroad is anxious to dispute with
the Pennsylvania Central the business
of the West; but that it cannot possi
bly do this if its depot is required to be
at Broad and Prime. No position but
one north of Market street and on Broad
can render it possible for this road to
carry freight between Philadelphia and
the West. Comment on such puerility is
superfluous.
Again, it is gravely asserted that one
principal reason why the Reading Rail
road must have Broad street is that it
cannot be allowed to establish a coal de
pot at Powelton. This is setting up a
man of straw for the purpose of knocking
him down. Who, we may reasonably
ask, ever suggested so wild a scheme?
Next, it is affirmed, the coal cannot
come over the Pennsylvania Railroad
bridge because it has but one track.
Whenever the trade demands it, we
suppose it will be found profitable to
build as many tracks as may be required.
The whole tone of the protest would lead
one to suppose (though it is not said)
that the whole of the coal trade of the
Reading Railroad passed over Broad
street, instead of that portion merely
which is intended for a part of the
Willow street, Pennsylvania avenue
and North Ninth street for the north,
and Prime street for the south, are the
proper streets from which to supply the
city with coal, the naturalcentres of coal
yard business. The perfect appropriate
ness and sufficiency of these streets for
the business is studiously kept out of
view by the protesters.
Moreover, it may surely be said that
this protest proves too much. It triesto
show that the removal of the tracks
would ruin the whole prosperity of the
street, and yet, with all its misstate
ments and exaggerations, it does not go
so far as to deny that the great majority
of owners on the street are favorable to
the removal of the tracks. It asserts
that the commerce of the city would re
ceive a great shock, and yet it utterly
fails to show how, except by some cal
culations of cartage and drayage which
are really too absurd for serious notice,
and prove nothing so much as the weak
ness of a cause that has to rest on such
ridiculous arithmetic.
As to what the - freight trade have ob
tained from our too liberal authorities let
the following show: Between the Dela
ware and the Schuylkill, and from the
extreme southern limit, of the built-up
part of thecity up to Poplar street, there
are four good, wide streets, and but four.
These are Broad street, Market street,
Prime street and the northern part of
Ninth street. All four of these are in
possession of freight railroads. There is
not a street so fine that it could excite
the cupidity of these corporators which
they have not laid hold of with their
iron grasp, and wrested, partly or en
tirely, from the citizens at large.
We say nothing hereof the other streets
such as Pennsylvania avenue, Willow
street, the Gray's Ferry road, and the
various streets in the northeastern part
of the city which they hold, to the al
most complete destruction of the value
of the property on those streets, without
remuneration to the owners.
And now, when the effort is made to
reclaim one, and one only, of the four
large streets, such an outcry is raised
that people are almost led to suppose
that these rail tracks are there by right,
and not by favor. It has always ap
peared to us, wholly foreign to the spirit
of our institutions that a man's property
should be legislated away, and this is
precisely what is done when a railroad
is authorized to lay freight tracks in a
city. Such a power should never be
given without full compensation being
awarded to every property holder on
the line, for the very serious damage done
to;him, generally in spite of his earnest
efforts to prevent it.
Perhaps the most contemptible part of
this "protest" is the use in almost every
sentence of the expression, "the Boule
vard people"---mean ng thereby those
owners who are once more trying to re
claim their property from the corpora-
70 25
72 53
88 10
90 92
45 00
47 00
39 73
23 35
100 00
100 00
100 00
50 00
PHILADELPHIA. THURSDAY, MARCH 15, 1b66.
tions who have got hold of it; and who
are desirous of improving it for their own
benefit, and therefore necessarily for
that of the whole city. This imputing
of selfish motives for improvements is
something absolutely childish. Every
handsome dwelling house that goes up
improves the city. It is no answer to
this to say, "Yes, but the owner means
to live in it!" Of course he does; he builds
for his own benefit, but the city is not
the less improved. So these unhappy
owners who want their rights are
taunted as if any attempt to oust - the in.
trading trucks was wicked and absurd.
The system of freight traeks through
the city is perfect ' without Broad
street. There is a complete north
and south line on the Junction road,
and there are three east and west dis
tributing tracks, Willow street, Market
street and Prime street.
Finally, every one knows and feels
that the removal of the Broad street
tracks is and has been,simply a question
of time. The sooner it is completed,
the better will business adjust itself in
its legitimate directions. It is even for
the interest of the railroads themselves
that the change should be made now,
rather than later, as it assuredly will
be, if not done now,.a fact which the
protest itself half recognizes. The pre
sent uncertainty retards Broad street in
every way. %would be an absurdity to
build warehouses with a certainty that
in after years they will be useless. And
when the writer of the protest sneeringly
advises the owners to first build up the
street with palades, and then ask for the
removal of the tracks, he incautiously
drops his mask and displays his uncom
promising hostility to those whose rights
his employers have so long and so sue-
L , uccessfully invaded.
The Funeral of John P. Crezer, Esq.
The funeral ceremonies of Mr. Crozer oc
curred yesterday afternoon at Upland.
Hours before the procession moved, crowds
of his friends and neighbors visited his late
residence, that they might take a farewell
look at the face of one who was such a bene
factor to the church and the world, and
whose chief aim in life seemed to be to do
good to others. Many of the societies with
which he was connected were represented
on the occasion, and nearly all of the Bap
tist clergymen in the city of Philadelphia
and the surrounding villages were in at
tendance to pay the last tribute-of respect to
him who, when alive, was their warm and
steadfast friend, and the patron of every in
stitution which tended to improve the
moral, social and religions condition of
mankind. There was also a large number
of the merchants of Philadelphia and vi
cinity present, and all, both rich and poor,
seemed to mourn most sincerely the death
of Mr. Crozer. The body was draped in a
suit of black, and the coffin was covered
with black cloth, with silver mounting,
and on the lid was a plate with the follow
ing inscription :
JOHN P. CROZER,
Born, January 13th, 1793,
Died, March 11th, 1866.
It was an affecting sight to see those who
had been in his employ for so many years
gathered around the coffin, which was
placed in the large drawing room, and
weeping for the loss of their true friend.
No higher tribute was needed than this to
show his worth, or' their sense of
the loss they had sustained. At two
clock the procesiion was formed, pre
ceded by the clergy, numbering over
thirty-six, and among them several
of other denominations, including the Right
Rev. Alfred Lee, D. D.,,the Ep - cPupal BlOop
of Delaware, a long and intimate personal
friend of the deceased. The pall bearers on
the occasion were Messrs. William V.
Pettit, William W. Keen, Horatio Gates
Jones, Alexander Fullerton, A. R. Perkins,
Benjamin Gartside, Dr. Hewson Bache,
Dr. R. Parrish, R. G. Stotesbury, and several
others whose names we did not learn.
The coffin was taken into the Baptist
church and placed in front of the pulpit. It
was surrounded by a wreath of flowers, and
also bore a cross of flowers. The religious
services were conducted by the Rev. J. M.
Pendleton, D. D., the Pastor of Mr. Crozer.
After reading a portion of scripture, the
Rev. William Wilder, the former pastor of
Mr. C. offered an appropriate prayer. Dr.
Pendleton then preached a sermon from the
text 2 Timothy, iv. 7,8; "I have fought a
good fight, I have finished my course, I
have kept the faith," dr.c.•
Touching addresses were also delivered
by the Rev. Joseph H. Kennard, D. D., and
Rev. J. Wheaton Smith, D, D. The music,
which was very beautiful, was under the
direction of Dr. J. Lewis Brown, of the
Spruce Street Baptist Church choir.
At the grave, which is in the rear of the
church, Bishop Lee offered prayer and pro
nounced the benediction.
"The memory of the just is blessed."
LEarunEs.—The last lecture of Dr.
Thomas's course, on the two principal
nations of the East, will be delivered to
night, at the University. A more inte
resting or instructive course, upon similar
subjects, has seldom been delivered in ear
city. We trust that he may have as large
and appreciative an audience as that which
was present at the lecture on Brahminism,
last Thursday night. His subject to-night
will be more particularly Buddha and the
Buddhists.
MRS. SOIITHWORTH'S NEw BOOK.—On
Saturday. next Messrs. T. B. PeterAon
Brothers will publish a new, romance
entitled "The Fortune Seeker." Those, who
have read the advance sheets speak very
highly of the ability of the work;
twit WJECOLE COUNTRY.
TIIE _FENIAN'S.
nterview Between Sir Frederick Bruce
and the Secretary of State---Va
rious Phases of the Excitement
in Canada--Purchases of
Horses for Fenian
Cavalryi&c.,&c.
fVerrespondence of the New York World.l
WASHINGTON, March 14.—Sir Frederick
Bruce had an interview again to-day with
Secretary Seward in regard to Fenian af
fairs. Mr. Seward assured him that it was
nothing more than a seven days' wonder.
and would die out in a short time if left
alone. The British Minister thought there
ought to be some expression on the part of
the government against it; that if it was of
firiptly announced that the governmentrep
rebated the movement it would nave a most
excellent effect just now. It is very proba
ble that something of the kind will shortly
be issued by the Secretary of State.
Excitement in Itaintiton.
HAICIELTON, C. W., March 14-41 PAL—No
important developments in the Fenian
scare have transpired since my last. The
Canadian Government is perfecting p all ne
cessary arrangements for suer(al resist
ance of invasion. A small number of
troops are being daily moved to some point
on the frontier, 'while the different towns
are organizing home guards. New volun
teers are enrolled, armed and drilled, and
most vigilant watch is kept of all move
ments of suspicious characters.
At a meeting of citizens this P. M., in the
City Hall here, it was resolved to organize
strong patrol guards to perform duty during
the night, and all the firemen have been
sworn in as special police. Guards are
about to be established in all engine houses
to protect the hose in anticipation of more
incendiary fires.
Adjutant-General McDougall has already
forwarded arms for one thousand men to
be raised here for local defence. During
- yesterday and to-day large numbers of
horses have been brought into the city,
bought up from farmers in the surrounding
country.and shipped for Suspension Bridge.
It is generally believed that they are in
tended for Fenian cavalry. There is much
- -
indignation and excitement caused thereby.
The Montreal Catholics to turn out on
St. Patrick's Day.
MONTREAL, March 14th.—The four Irish
Catholic Societies in this city, namely ; the
St. Patrick's Society, the Hibernian Be
nevolent Society, the Yonne Men's Society,
and the Irish Temperanoe Society this
morning decided to march in procession on
St. Patrick's day. After attending mass
cm that day they will wait upon and pay
their respects to the Governor General who
is now in the city, and afterwards upon
the Mayor. The officers of these societies
have just sent a joint pledge of their support
to the government. This -
information is
entirely trustworthy. -
Runs on the Banks in Montreal.
MONTnEAL, Wednesday, March l4,—The
excitement in regard to the Fenian foray is
still atfever heat. Indeed, public credulity
is ready to swallow any rumor however
wild. Madness, of which we never have
much, is now at a stand-still, and nobody
ares to buy sell. As usual in such ex
-citements, there is a run upon the savings
banks, and the small depositors are con
verting their balances into gold, The people
and the newspapers are very ill-tempered,
and constantly berate the United States
Government because they do not restrain the
dreadful invaders who are to cothe—by and
by—to snatch Canada from the hands of
Queen Victoria.
Our principal amusements now consist in
watching the evolutions of the militia.
There are drills many times a day, and
the poor victims look the picture of despair.
All our public buildings are strongly
guarded; our banks are restricting their dis
count line to the most well-known and
well-approved customers, and they very
generally refuse to advance upon any col
lateral security.
Horlieis Sent Up at Windsor. C. W.
Wrzinson, C. W.,
March 14.—The excite
ment all along the frontier is gaining force.
Mysterious rockets are being sent up on the
American shore, and it is believed here
some movement of Fenians is in progress.
Canada is very warm for .Americanv, who
are liable to all mariner 01 insults. About
one thousand"volunteers nere are keeping a
sharp lookout. A number of suspicious
characters are daily crossing the border.
There is unusual stir among the Detroit
Fenian. Public meetings have been held
and two companies of volunteers for the
home guard battery are on their way up
from London. The Detroit City Council
have accepted an invitation to join the
Fenians in celebrating St. Patrick's Day.
Reported Purchase of Steamers at an
inland Port-
RocussTEn, March 14.—There is a report
in circulation here that the Fenians have
purchased the four largest steamers of the
American line on Lake Ontario, now lying
in this harbor. This is not credited, how
ever. The steamers are fitting out for the
spring trade.
It is understood that the government offi
cials are keeping an eye upon these boats
and affairs in the harbor below the city.
The Excitement in Toronto Subsiding
TORONTO, C. W. March 14.—The Fenian
excitement is subsiding. The volunteer
force is well distributed at all points on the
frontier. Several searches have been made
for pikes, but were all unsucoessfuL
Fenian Meeting in Baltimore.
BALTIMORE, March 14.—There was a
Fenian mass meeting to-night at the Mary
land Institute, The hall was densely
crowded.
A Rebel Election Quietly Squelched.
Intelligence was conveyed to the Presi
dent to-day of the election of John T. Mon
roe as Mayor of the city of New Orleans.
It will be recollected that Monroe was the
rebel Mayor of New Orlems when that city
was taken by our forces in April, 1862. He
refused to submit to the Federal authority
and was confined in a fort.. He was after
wards released; and has continued out
spoken in his disloyalty to the Government.
The President, this evening, authorized a
telegram to be sent to Governor Wells, re
questing the latter to withhold the creden
tials of election froueMonroe, and thus pre
vent his assumption of the office of Mayor.
—Washington Cerrespondence of the N. Y.
Times.
SAD RAILROAD ACCIDENT.—The hind
truck of the mail train of the Pittsburgh
and Columbus Railroad, on leaving New
ark, yesterday•• morning, ran off the main
track near that town, and on to a switch,
turning the baggage car over, and causing
the instant death of Mr. William Moore
the bkggage maater.—/Ntlesburgh Despatch,
[Correspondence of the Phflada.Eveningßalletai
OVER THE PLAINS.
116: , .oM40:4:1W/01
SOUTH PARK, COLORADO TERRITORY,
Feb. 23th, 1866.—Afessrs. Editors ; Haying,
in my former letters described, somewhat
at len4th, the new and successful process
for extracting the gold from Colorado ore,
and shown the necessity of its prior treat
ment before amalgamating, in order to ob
tain arausonable proportion of the precious
metals it nostains, I propose to make a few
re:
marks on the general state of mining, as
now carried on in the Territory, which I
trust may not prove uninteresting.
It was not until 1857-58 that any attentl i on
was paid to Colorado (then part of Kansas)
as a gold bearing country. Gold in small
quantities, it is true ' had - been found here
by Californians on their overland passage
to the Pacific, and the old trappers would
occasionally bring to the frontier towns a
little gold dust, but no attempt of any mag
nitude had been made to really test the
value of our " placer " or, gulch diggings
until about the summer of 1858 or 1859, when
a party of Georgia miners, prominent among
whom were Russel and Gregory, men
familiar with gold mining in their native
State, crossed the plains and penetrated as
far as the base of the mountains. They pro
spected the dry bed of Cherry creek, near
where it joins the Platte river, the present
site of Denver city, and obtained a 4 ualsow"
of gold in a few places quite good "pay."
Wintering here, they founded Denver city,
then called Auraria. In the spring follow
ing, passing up Clear creek, they penetrated
into what is now known as Gregory and
Russel gulches, the unusual richness of
whose diggings soon attracted general at
tention, to what was styled the Pike's Peak
Gold Mines. Extended search disclosed
other rich diggings, on the South Fork of
Clear creek, and indeed in every direction
in the numerous gulches in the vicinity.
For several years all the gold obtained in
the t erritory was in the form of dust, washed
by the miners from the beds of the moun
tain streams, but little value being given to
lodes, although some of the more promi
nent bad been discovered, the Gregory for
example, which cropped boldly out of the
hill-side, and was visible even at a distance.
The surface ore, or the decomposed sial
pburets, from this lode, treated by crushing
and simple washing, was soon exhausted,
the limited mill•ng facilities the miners
then possessed did not enable them to treat
the undecomposed pyrites, if indeed they
of
were fully gwaretheir value as a gold
bearing . ore. As an instance of the little
esteem in which lodes were held, it is well
known that a certain claim on the Gregory
lode, now valued at $125,000, for which it=
it could be readily sold, was, only six years
ago, sold for $4O; and instances were com
mon in which claims now valued at thou
sands were sold for trifles. In 1860 but one
thousand dollars in money or goods would
have purchased nearly all the lodes in the
now famousmines.
As machinery to be more generally
introduced and used in treating ore, these
claims increased in estimation until, at the
present time, when, with good and reliable
procs - qvq for saving the gold, their true
value is known anappremated. As time
passed on, and "lode" property became
generally understood and veined, more
time and attention was devoted to its dis
covery, prospectors traversed the country
over in search of "surface indications" or
"blossom rock," a certain indication of a
lode beneath. When a promising spot was
found, pits ( known as "prospect holes")
were dug until by reaching ore the pros
pector was satisfied that a lead of sufficient
value was beneath to warrant the expense
of recording. A name was then given
it, a stake driven in the pit, with such
marks or inscriptions as wilnid serve
to identify the lode, and it was then
recorded in the book of the recorder of the
mining district in which it was situated.
The discoverer received 200 feet, measured
in the direction of the length of the lode, for
his discovery, the remainder of the lode,
which is considered to extend 1,600 feet in
length, was "pre-empted" by the friends of
the discoverer, who would "deed back,"
AS it is termed, to him. Thus, if he wished
it, the prospector could obtain the whole or
greater port of the lode.
If the indications, showed that the lode
extended more than 1,600 feet, the remain
der was either recorded as an "extension"
of the former part or given a new title and
entered on the books of the recorder a
another lode. The first attempt to work
Colorado ore was by means of stamps,
which may be described as heavy cylinders
of iron, lifted by means of a rod and "cam"
and dropped on the ore, the motive power
being usually water, their action is similar
to a pestle in a mortar; the ore being kept
wet, nothing is lost in the way of dust. As
fast as the ore was pulverized to a sufficient
degree of fineness the water carried it
through a sieve and over copper plates or
tables, the surface of which was amalga
mated with mercury. About once a week
these tables are scraped and the mercury
partially removed, and a fresh supply
added, the removed amalgam of mercury,
gold and silver wet then retorted, where by
the action of beat the mercury was distilled
over, the gold and silver remaining. Form
ing in contradistinction to . gold dust, what
was called retort gold, Very rich ore,by this
method yielded comparatively good results,
although but a fraction of the gold was ob
tained. From the days of stamp mills to
the present time, there has been a constant
improvement in gold working machinery
until now, when the superior processes of
Lyon,Behr 6:, Keith and others are destined
to entirely supersede the rough and
unreliable methods of former times. The
success of these processes .bas greatly in
creased the value of mining property hero,
giving, as they do ' a certain means of saving
the precious metals, in which our ores so
largely abound. Attention is being directed
towards Colorado byeastern capitalists, and
not many years will elapse, before she, in
connection with the other mining States and
Territories of the great West, will be the
great gold.producing sections of our
country, if not of the world at large.
The advantages for successful mining
which Colorado presents, are such as cannot
but impress themselves on the minds of all
who are familiar with what is necessary for
success in this branch of industry. The
lodes or veins of gold bearing ore are to be
found here without number, have good wide
crevices of rich ore, which assays from $25
•to $3,000 per ton. When we reflect that ore
yielding but $2O per ton, will, if economi
cally worked and the larger portion of the
gold obtained, payifor working, we can but
conclude of the immense wealth to be ob
tained here by well directed industry. The
materials for successfully working our ores
are found abundantly in the territory.
Wood, water, coal, iron, lead, copper, fire
clay, salt and soda are to be had in the
greatest abundance and of superior quality.
F. L.
DOUBLE. SHEET, THREE CENTS.
Bountiful nature has furnished all, and ft
needs but the application of capital tad
labor to produce large retanus.
The mode of working these lodes Is some.
what :as follows: If it be not convenient to
run nttmnel, a shaft is sunk on the kide, -
following down as near perpendicular as.:
may be the course of the vean, at depths of
60 or 80 feet, levels or "drifts" are ran in
either direction, exterfaing in length (in the
direction of the vein) as far as the property
of the mines may extend.
Then "stulls," which are heavy timbers;
the ends of which are inserted into the rock
on either side of the level, are placed hori
zontally across the drift, on which a plat
form of poles is laid. The ore is then mined
either by "overhand " or by "underhand or
foot stoping," the principles of which arena
follows: The fast method consists in mining
from abovei. e. blasting downward, thus
securing abetter effect from the explosive
force of the powder used, the ore is assorted
on the platfo - rm, the good sent by means of
buckets through the shaft to the surface,
while the "wall rock," or fragments of a
rocky nature,remain on the stulls, and form
a support as the miner proeeecison his jour
ney upward. Foot stoking, generally
adopted when the ore is soft and friable,and
therefore liable to be wasted were it to mix
with the poor "stuff" which would be on
the sac% were the former system adopted,
consists in mining downwards. In hoth„.
methods a series of steps is formed, where
by a greater number of men can, in safety,
work at the same time. A tunnel, if the
lode be so situated that it can be readily
run, is the more advantageous methdd of
reaching paying ore,as for the same amount
of excavation it will reach the greatest depth
and be the more apt to run beneath the "cap
rock," which is a partial closing up of the
vein (extending in the direction of its depth
from 10 to 100 feet),and usually encountered
when a depth of about 60 feet is reached. A
tunnel also offers greater facilities for drain
ing a mine, as it the more readily disposes
of all water that may come from above. A
vein of ore that will pay $lOO per ton may,
with the machinery and processes now at
tainable be considered as an excellent invest
ment,as a profit of but $2O per ton, ( which is a
low estimate, with a mill working twenty
tons per day, and any of the new processes
will, in a mill of ordinary size, work double
this amount),wouid amount to nearly $150,-
, 000 per annum, sufficient in one year to re
pay the entire cost of the investment. This
could be much increased in a few years,
when we have railroad communication with
the East, to reduce the cast of living and the
consequent price of labor, which is now
from $4 to $lO per day. In order that your
readers may fully appreciate the importance
to Colorado of railroad communication with
the Missouri river, I append a tew of the
prices charged for the necessaries of life, in
Denver City, the largeness of which is
caused solely by the means of transportation:
Flour, $lB per sack (9S lbs.); corn meal, $l3;
sugar, 48c. per pound; corn, 1 2 c. This list
might be largely extended, but it will suffice
to show how much it costs to live here, and
wby laboring-men mustrreceive correspond
ing pay. These prices, be it remembered,
are those asked in Denver City. In South
Park, but 125 miles distant, an addition of
from 6 to 15c. per pound must be made, other
places according to their distance from Den
ver, the base of supplies of the whole terri
tory. Colorado and her population require
an immense amount of merchandise of
various kinds. I append a statement (from
the Atchison Champion) of the amount of
freight sent from that city alone:—
Pounds of
Wagons. Men. Mules. Oxen. Mdse.•
1,114 1,266 7,463 3,73.0,906
934 1,163 9,335 4 4,9trD
.... _1,773 2,050 693 16,017 6=1,833
EMI
This is the amount shipped from the sin
gle point of Atchison. Omaha, Nebraska
City, St. Joseph, Leavenworth and Kansas
City each freight nearly, if not quite as
largely asAtrhinson. Allowing each of these
to have sent over the plains during 1865, 20,-
000,000 pounds of freight, which is a low es
timate, we have the enormous sum of 125,-
000,00 h pounds of merchandise crossing the
plains in 1865.
This does not include the amount for
warded from several small out-fitting
points such as Plattamouth, Brownsville,
Council Bluffs and others, which also fur
nish a large amount to this great trade.
When we consider that each pound of this
merchandise pays a freight to the
transporter of from eight to twenty
cents, according to the time of
year and nature of article, we no longer
wonder why pnces in Denver are so high.
The above table will give an idea of the in
come a railway across the plains would
have charging even but a tithe of what is
now paid. This traffic increases each year
and would be much encouraged and de
veloped were the proper facilities given it.
I have given but one reason why the Pacific
Railroad should be built as soon as possi
ble, that of dollars and cents, the amount
of profit to be derived from the investment,
and have said nothinc , of the others, the
importance and indeed the necessity of a
more speedy communication between the
far East and the great West, between New
York and the States and Territories to the
west of the Rocky mountains.
The length of my letter, however, warns
me to stop. Next week I will give you my
impression of the South Park and its
mines. Until then
I remain yours,
Firm IN ALLNGHENT. — At an early hour
Tuesday morning fire was discovered in the
Red Lead Factory of B. A. Fahnestock,
Son t Co., on River avenue, Fourth Ward,
Allegheny. As the building in which the
flames originated was detached from the
main manufactory by a narrow yard, that
was saved from destruction. The building
destroyed was three stories high, and was
built of brick. The fire originated in the
second story. The building contained vala
a'ble machinery and a large stock of manu
factured kegs and prepared lumber. The
loss of the firm will probably reach sloi
-000, which is fully covered by insurance.
Dn. lawnlamas - Ws AFRICAN FvPßor-
TioN.—The Time,s of India, of the 28th De
cember, says: "Dr. - Livingstone inteada
soon to proceed to Zanzibar by the Thule,
which, we believe, is to be presented to the
Sultan by government. Two youths (of
the Ajawa tribe,from the interior of Africa):
whom he placed in the Free Assembly's in
stitution aboutleighteen months ago, were.
on Sunday last baptized by. Dr. IVilson.,
after they bad made, in Englih, an intelli
gent profession of their reception of Chris
tianity. They return to their native oottutry
,with Livingstone, who will be accompanied
by one or two African youths from the
Church Mission at Nasik."
A CormEcricur farmer, a few days. ago,
warmed a blanket to wrap round the feet
of his aged and paralytic wife. He went to
the barn, and in his absence the bed took
fire from a spark in the blanket, and hia
wife was burned to death.
16,639,15)
7,164 27,685 21,a5,000
KiNctsEssuta.