BY HENRY J. STAIILE
39TU -YEAR.
Tertn3 of the -"Compiler,"
Tke Itfpublica 6.llipikris-ptiblished
ever,y Monday morning, by HEN y J . ST 1.111. E,
at $1.,75 per annum if paid in a d ranc ,•___,o4)
per allllllll.l if not paid in AI-mace. No sub
scription discontinued, unless at the option of
the - publisher, until all arrearages arc paid.
rAdvertiseinents inserted at the usual
rates. Job Printing dune, neatly, 'cheaply,
and with dispatch.
kr•ollice in South Baltimore street, direct
ly op posite Wain pler's Tinnin. , Establishment,
one and a half squares from ''the Court-house,
"CostemEtt" on the sign. '
~I~O4LC ~o'~~'l
" BORROBOOLA-GRA."
A stranger preached last Sunday;
And crowds of people Came
To hear a two-hour sermon
IVitit a barbarous sounding name ;
'Twas all about some heathens
Timisands of gni les ,afar,
Who live in a laud of darkness
Called "Borruhoola-Gha."
So well their wants he pitiored,
That when the places were passed,
Each listener felt his {racket,
And ;.roodly stuns were east ;
For all most lend a shoulder,
rtislt the rollmg, ear..
That eartied light and comfott
To"—Ilort oboula-6 ha."
That night their wants and sorrows
Lay heavy on toy soul,
And deep in. meditation
spol: Inv
something caught my mantle
With eager grasp and ;
And looking down with wunder
I :saw a bilk child.
A pale and pithy creature,
lit rags and dirt forkon :
What could she want, i questioned,
Impatient to he gone :
With ..r,ombling voice she.nnqwvred,
••We live just down the SllVei s ,
And in 'tinny she's a dyin'.
And we've nothing left 'to eat."
Down in a wretched basement.
%kith mould upon the walk.
Through w hose hal flat tied xindows
fkal's sunshine never falk
Whera Md. and wanteaud hunger,
Cmoteheit. near her as she lay,
I found a fellow-creature
Gasping her life away.
A chair. a broken table,
A bed of dirty straw,
'A hearth all dark 'and cheerless,
• But these I scarcely saw
For the mournful sight - hefor e me,
The sail and
,sickening shot•--
Uit bad I ever pictured
A scene so full of woe f•
The famished and the nake,l,
The haloes that pine for bread.
The rapialid galatp that huddled
Around the dying lied
Al! this distress and Nurrow
Slaml , / tie in hinds afar :
\Vas I sitddenlv transplanted
To —Burrohoola-Gita
No. no ! the poor anal wretched
Were close •i ehind the door,
And l had p a ssed then► heedlesi
A thousand ti:nes hefore.
Alas! for the cold and hungry
That wet nit, every day.
While all my tears were given
To the suffering far away.
There's work enough Ca. Christians
lu distant lauds. we c know ;
Our Lunl commands his serva n ts
Through all the world to g 9.
„Not o•idy to the heathen ;
This was his charge to them—
..(;,,, p rea ch the wo d, beginning;
AYI at Jerusalem."
4). Christian !God has promised
NViroe'er to tlwe has given
A col+uf m
.re cold %cater
find Shal l reward in heaven.
IVorild you secure the blessing,
You need nut seek it far; .
tip find insourler hovel.
A ••Borroboula-Glia."
eApiio
F.Pofll the Boston Olive Branch
ONLY A COUNTRY GIRL.
ar MILS. Y. A. DENISON.
"Yon are mistaken.. I would sooner die
than w e ,1. 3 1, mere country beauty,"
••11.it, Fred, suppose tier intelligent, moral,
Full of nature's poetry, tender-hearteil, grace
fat., unspoiled by adulafion—,i, guilele.ss,
loving cream re --"
"lye l" said Fred, laughing, '‘a. choke
cluster of virtemH and '' ...races. Country beau
ties ; a way.; a a,l.•oileless, and simple :
•so arc country cows. tell you if as
sorely as an angel, with the hest sense in the
world, if usts.killed in musk; and litera
ture, wit no soul ab )re churns and knitting
aieedles, t would toot marry her for a fortune."
'Ala, ha!" laughed nelen Erring but it
vas a very pianissimo Laugh, away down in
thee I.:ter her tassietri little heart. hidden
/ly the truA!k of a large tree, she sat reading
vithin a rex - feet only of the eg o tist.
Another sumtent, the * - oung men tame in
sight. Fred's face trittsowed and he Ivhisper
trepida;tion., ."Du you think she
Lear,' 2"
••5.,..!" rejoined ifirC other, halt_r au liLly,
4 'shq skiPws nu reevertnent—die ha' not even
looked cco from her r. t ook--you are
coul , l wit /rive heard vou—but ‘vhat4n amkgel
zite is.""
Yes, ri,bki, Wag an anf.rela,.4 far as 1 - inttrard
I , eatity t'ie eur utrinui
. Slift at
rustic Nrat, *truing to
*in Hith salt the (thrill/€..4 in letr thcr..;:•, a• she
h"r )k a•Cule, a,41 began. ti twiur, a haLf
thii•lle 1 wre.Ltli of «il l riows.
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41 - )14 -9iietlilote, 440{ei,s, Yecie4l ete9a4l &e.
WY .01
T~
tereti over her white dress—she
,sat quite at
ease, apparently unaware that two Irandsome
=M
y0ung...44c1,
_
Approaching with a low bow, upon which
his mirror had set the seal of faultless ele
gance. Frederick Lane took the liberty to ask
if the young lady would he kind enough to in
form him where a 111 r. Irving lived:
With an innocent smile, the beauty looked
up. ''Mr. Irving? The only Irving in the
village is my father." she said, rising in a
eharaningly graceful manner. "The large
house." site, continued, "half hidden by trees
and thick shrubbery—that's where we live:—
I believe it was allaeadeinSf once--that's a
sort of high school, isn't if ?" with a most !la._
tural simplicity, turning to Fred.
Jln replied by another graceful bow.
"Tell your father,.' s. ill Irttlta-t—l-sitall-dtr
myself the honor to call on him to-morrow.—
Ile will remember me—Frederick Lane, at
your service."
"Ye , , sir, I'll tell him, word for word," re
plied' Helen, tucking her sleeves around her
arm, and making rather a formal courtesy.—
Theta catching up her hook, and gathering her
scattered flowers, she hurried towards loone.
"Now, father, another, aunt, and s is,” ex
claimed the tiferry girl, bounding into the
room, where the family were at supper, ''as
sure as you and I live, that - Mr. Lane, who
you all talk 'about so much, is in the village.
Ile will call here to-morrow—the first proper
specimen of a city-beau. (as of course be kill
be,) all sentiment, and refinement; faultless
in kids. and spotless in dicky—important and
self-assured as one of that ilk can possibly be.
"Promise me, all of you, that you'll not lisp
about music, reading, or writing in my pres
ence, because—l have a plan. Father will
not—l know—only give him It newspaper.—
Aunt iklinnie never talks-1 mean in coin
lad mother will lie ta u s I ml 1.•
pa. ,a. . o see we
churn butter awl mend stocking's. Six, your
rattle nfa tongue is the otaly thing I fear, but
if you keep quiet, awl ask the nu questions. I
will give you that work-box you have coveted
so much." _ _ _
"Helen. you nre nut quite respectful," said
her father, gravely.
"Forgive me, dear father,"'und her arms
were fi,bled about his neek. ohvoys mean
well, but I'm- so thoughtless! There, all is
right, now," r•he added, 15is:king him lovingly
on the temple._
.0 1 .0tne, sis, Nvhat soy your
"Why, on that condition, I'll be still as a
mouse, but what's your reason?"' •
"Ah ! that's my own," sang . Helen, as she
danced out of the room.
- "You knit admirably :" said Fred, looking
on With an unconscious smile of admiration.
Helen at at att open window, through
which rose-bushes Thrust their blushing buds,
making both 'sweet shade awl fragrance.—
The canaryoverhead burst out every moment
in wild. snatches of glorious music. Helen
was at work on a long, blue stocking:, nearly
finished, and her fingerc flew like snow-birds.
- "You knit admirably : are you food Jfit ?"
"Yes, (rite. • I like it better than—than
anythiwi else—that is—l mean—l can churn
very well."
..And do von read intieb ?" Fred's glances
had traveled, from the corners of lris eye:,
over every table, shelf, and curlier, in search
Nifine buok ur paper but not a leaf, sere or
yellow, repaid his search.
‘.0 1 .. yes," said llelen, with a self•satisfied
EEC
"What linokg ? permit me to ask."
"1 real the Bible a good deal," she answer
ed gravely. •
"Is that all ?"
"All—of course not : and yet what do NV r
not find in that holy volume? History, poe
try, eloquence, romance, the most thrilling
pathos." Illtisbing, and recollecting herself,
she :t.olded, With a manner as' childish as it
hail !men dignified.
"As for, other books—let me see—l've in
my library—first, there's the primer, (count
ing on fingers,)* second class realer, Robinson
Cw.ioe, nursery tales, fairy stories, two or
thlFee elements of something, 'biography of
some person or other, mother's magazine.
king Richard the third—there l isn't that at
pod assortment ?"
Fred smiled.
"Perhaps-I don't know quite as ranch as
those who have been -to sehool more," she
added, as if disappointed at his mute rejoin
der; '•lint in making' bread, churning banter,
and keeping house, I'm not to be outdone."
The young man left her more in pity than
in love, but his visits did not always so result.
He began to feel a magnetic attraction, which
he vainly attributed to Helen's beauty ; but
the truth is, her sweet artlessness - of charac
ter ettf , a ,, ip , : manners and gentle disposition,
quite won upon t am arts ("era lc
Fred Lane. There was a freshness and re
finement about everything she said and did.
She perplexed and delighted him.
Often, as he was wondering bow some
homely expression would be received in good
society, some beautiful sentiment would drop
like a pearl from her lips, not more remarka
ble for originality than
"If 1 should fall in the snare," thought he,
"I can educate her. It would be worth
trying."
It was useless to combat with his passion ;
so at last he fell at Helen's feet, (figuratively
speaking.) and c;onfessed his love.
"I care not, Helen, only he mine :" was his
invariable answer to her exclamations of un
worthiness ; how site should appear in fash
ionable society, etc., etc.
They were married—and returned fq.qtk
their wedding tour, and, at the expiration of
the honey-moon, Fred was more in love than
ever. At a grand entertainment liven by the
relatives of the bridegroom, llel4n looked
mast beautiful. Iler husband did "not insi , t
that she should depart from her usualaplic
ity, and indeed, without jewels or laces / with
only that fresh white rode, simple sash of
blue, and ornaments of fair nioss roses, she
was the most lovely creature in the room.
As she entered the great saloon blazing
rith-light, her heart failed her. -Shall I
love him as dearly." Ntic askel herself, "if I
find that he is nshainerl of rue ? I cannot
bear the thought : but should he overcome all
conventional notions. then have I a tru4band
worthy to be honored—then shall he be proud
of his wife."
she watehed,him as he pre , ented her
'no mn.l
ro 1 •rti' 1.1•,'KI117
• ~i nt ~;~
GETTYSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA : MONDAY, JAN. 19, 1857.
eared neither Helen nor her husband. She
looked at him. ---He smiled• it lover's smile,
in that brilliant gathering pitied "poor Frefl, 1 '
—wondered-why he had martyred himself on
the shrine of ignorant rusticity.
But he, oh, joy! he seemed only to lore her
the more as she dung to his arm so timidly.
Ilis noble -face exposed the pride he truly
felt, he looked its if,helwould have swept hack
the scorners with one miition of his hand, had
they ventured One wave too high on the shore
,of his pride. lie scented to excuse every
look. every word not in strict conformity to
etiquette—and Helen's heart beat high: tears
came to her eyes, when she' thus felt What a
noble heart she had won. - -
The yowl. - bride st4lod near her husband,
ew—comer
peared. She wns a beautiful, slightiv•fiirmed
creature, with haughty features; and ill-con
cealed si:orn lurked in her great brilliant eyes
NI - believer she glanced towards Helen. Once
she held sway over the heart of Fred, and
ring who Le hall married, she fancied her ,
hour of triumph had aoue.
“Do you suppose she knows anything ?"
said a low voit-e near her.
llelen's eyes rpark)ed—hcr fair brow flush
ed indignantly. She turned to her husband.
Ile had gone—speaking at a little distance
with a friend.
l'remmtly Marion Summers turned toward
her.
"Do you play, Mrs. Lane ?" she tasked;
there was a mocking tone 'oilier voice.
"A little," answered Helen, her cheeks
hurtling.
"And sing,?"
"A little," was the calm reply.
"Then do favor us," she Said, looking; ask
ance at her companions. "Come, I myself will
eat von o ms. rumen .
"I lark ! whose masterly touch?" Instant
ly the half-spoken word is arrested—the cold
ear and haughty head are hinted in listen
ing surprise. Such melody ! Snell correct
intonation! Such breadth, depth, and vigor
of touch f "Who is it ? site playa like an an
, •
gel."
And again hark ! A voice roßs.eut a flood
of nod o lly, clear, p nverful. passing sweet ;41s=
tonishnient paints many a cheek a deeper
scarlet. There is silence—tubbrnken silence,
as the sill :cry tones floating
"Glorious yoke," said • Fred to his friend,
who with the rest had paused to listen, "who
can it he? 1--"
The'words were suddenly arrested on his
lips. She had 'turned from the piano, and
the unknown was his wife.
congratulate you, Frol;" utiii the young
man at, his side: - lint he spoke to marble.—
The i!olor had left his cheek as ha walked
slowly toward her.
If lie was speechless with amazement, she
was not. A. rich Lloom mantled her cheeks
—triumph made her eves sparkle as dier
never did hefore—they dashed like diamond,.
A crowd gzit;iered to complitnent her. 11)
graeeful acknowlefl , ntents she blended wit
mot humor. "blow well she talk 4 ?"—.'who
%vould hare thought it ?"—"Pred's little wife :
he has found a trea , ure;" WCVO whispered
around the room.
Meanwhile Fre‘leriek Lane, Esq., stood like
one enchanted, while his pont little rustic
wile ( t ented hooks and an therm with perfect
abandon --admired th is:one—commended that.
A sedate-h,oking student 1.44 himself' in a
Latin quotatinn smilingly finished
an d received a look . eloquent with thanks.—
lintt mots, repartee, language rich in fancy
and imagery, fell .from tier beautiful lips, as
if lie had just received a touch from some
fairy wand. •
Mill Fred Nval ke (I by her aside like one in a
dream : pressing his hands over his bewilder
ed sight to be sure of his erase s, when he saw
her bending.: breathing vision of loveliness,
over the harp—her full firm leanitig on its
, niblen strings—and heard ;main that rich
lice, now plaintive with some tenner memory,
rise and fall in sweer and sorrowful cadence.
••Tell me," he said, when once alone 'with
her, "what does this mean ? who are you ? I
feel like awaking from a dream." -
`•Once a Oilltary girl," said Helen, gravely:
then falling into her husband's arms. she ex
claimed:, 'Forgive me: I am tho very little
rustic whom you would rather d ie than wed.
Arc von sorry y.iu married me?"
••Sorry, my gracions wife ! Rut, Ellv, you
could not, - surely, deceive me ? 1)1d , not
erstand that you had neler—"
ME
' to awacademy," she broke in ; "nev
er took a music lesson—never was taught
how to sing—all true. And yet I au) all you
see me to-night—myself my own teacher :
with labor and dilig,enee, I trust I am worthy
to he the will; of one so exalted as I find my
husband to lie."
Reader, wouldn't you and I like to be there
just now, and hear her story ;. she laughing
betweenwiles, her pretty face all dimplei,
as she tells him how, she banished piano,
hooks, harp, portfolio, music, all into an emp
ty room by themselves, leaving them to se
clusion and dust—whiie the little country girl
without any deep laid plan, siveccedeoi ji,c ,,p.
vincing a well-fired city gentleman that be
could marry a charming rustic, even if her
fingers were more familiar with the churn and
f k,citt,i,fArineedles: shanirtlalla no and harp.
criy-A piece of candle may be made to burn
all night iu a sick room or elsewhere, where
a dull light is wished. by putting finely-pow
dvred salt on the candle until it reaches the
black part of the wick. In this way
and steady light may be kept through the
night from a small piece of candle.
TP,I( Ted'//t ite 11 , rse.v.—We have a horse
fourteen years I,ld next -prim. About six
months since be v, - ent blind in one eve, and uti
eramihing, his month Ace found Ir , ll
Thiw horse was - at ••-niatti-rele r , ,e," an:l flu e venr
agolis eve: wenc s.ourtl a 6,
Sp - ifbenrilir, (1/H"
I-4;r r
SEBEI
4 -/t re !'rare I -not for cold neglect,
though Learn 1.1111141‘11 . 1 start , .
Ateltworn is !rut it hotter Iva d.
Saw Mien it breaks the heart.
H one be true— .
I f 111.113 be-true—
The world mny carelem he :
Since I may only keep this love,
And tril my -grief to-thee."
6c car ii)is•ocillto.
"7111.7T11 Is 311GIITY, ASTI) WILY. ritxv.m.."
="~-
• .1,11,1•1. i
Answering a Young Lawyer.
was st tting_awitilnago t in
on the banks of - -th - e - Coutteetient. It Was not
far from this tiu u of yea---yield weather, any
how—and a knot of lawyers had collected
around the old Franklin, in the bar-room.
The lire Waxed, and mugs of flip were passing
away without a groan, when in mine a rongh,
gaunt lookiiig - babe of the woods," knapsack
on shoulder and staff in hand.
MEI
ME
He looked odd. aund half-peranxbulated the
that hemmed in the tire, as with a mill
of brass,. looking 14 a chance to . warm his
shins. Nobody moved, however; ntal.
una
hie to sit down, for luck of it chair, he did the
next best thing—lensed against tho wall.
"AVith tears in his fists and his eyes douhled
ur—and listened to the diseussic n on the
proper 'tray of serving a referee 09 a ivarrantee
deed, as if he Was., Ott
,judge to decide the
matter. Soon he attracted . the attention of
the company, and a young sprig Spoke to
him: •
You look likcn traveler."
4'll'ol, I s'rse I ; 1 cunu fro - rtn ‘Viscork.
sin afoot, 'tany rate."
"From Wiseoftsio! that n dixtanee to go
on Imo pair of. logs. I say, did you ever
pass through thQ *lower regirms' in your trav
els,"
"Yes, sir.' he answered. a kind of wicked
look stealing over his ugly phiznukhogany,
"I've ben through the on tskirts.7
"I thought likely. Well what are tho pup
nors and customs there? some of us wouldiiko
to know!!
“0,” mays the pilgrim, deliberately, half
shuttin g his eyes, ami drawin g round the,
corner o f his naiad' till two nim-s of yellow
stubs, with ri mass of masticated pig-init,
appeared through the slit of his cheek—
•'vou'll tied them much the saniti as in this
region—Mc buryer.v•,vet itigheat thefire.7
Duck Trade of Nor . fidh%—it appears , there
is a considerable traffic. in wild ibieks between
Norfolk and New York. The Norfolk Herald
thus. speaks of the operatiems in this business
by farmer in Princess Ann county. Va.:
Ili has. had twenty nom employed ciaistant
ly since the commencement of the season, and,
up to the2Oth of I►ece'tnher they hail consumed
in their vocation twenty-three kevs of
powder, with shut in. prig The du.:ics
which they killed were brought to . Norhlk
(awe a week, and pled up iii tire wn relinm.
Kemp & - llaskey, on Itimmike square. where,
on every Wednesday they were packed in
barrels and shipped fur New York by the'
steamship Jamestown. The number of bar.
rots thus sent off weekly, have, up to this
time, averaged from 15 to 25 barrels, and one
week the number readied us hig,lt as :11.—
They consist of all the varieties of the (lack
species known in our latitude, suelt as eancas
hack, red heads. mallard, Idack ducks, sp
tails, hullnecks, baldfaces (or wigeons.)
elers, &e., to which may be added a good pro
portion of wild gp.nse,
IMMII:=1=1:1=1
E n /0 70 01, g y . 1 1 , ,r,gassiz stsy.4, that
more than a lifetime would he neoes:4ary to
enumerate the various species of insect:4 :Ind
describe their appearattree. :Steiger, a tier
man, ecdlected and deseribeyt six hundred spe
cies of flies, whiili he collected in a district of
teii miles circumference. 'flier(' have Ike.en
collected in Europe twenty thousand gpOrie . ;
of ificects preying on wheat. to Berlin 11,vo
Vrofessors are 'engaged collei titig. observing".
and describing inserts and their ltabits, and
already they liroe published five large vo.linnes
upon the insects which attack forest trees..
A Sod' Story.—Some time laqt summer a
lawyer of Illuttihoe, C. W.,,c10p;211 with the
wife of- Mr, ltrog(liii, another lawyer, Iler
hushand shot the seducer, wits trie4l for mur
der and acquitted. • It is now said. ihat
lirogilin has eoltnnitlicitle Itc eluting her
throat. A -late let reports tha. Mr. lltrog
din eshilthea signs of insintity while on his
way to the West. What it sorrowful and fear
fill consummation! A se,hteer .*lmt, his par
amour a suicide ; and p air llrog4litk likely to
he insane.
l'ree Nile. —"I let np ;;et up."' 4, - .41 a worli
mtot the other night, to a chap %Out Lind fatten
u grade belnw•thc door step sieever, and wl►o
had taken lodgment in the gutter ; "you n►ust
not lie here."
' Lie! you're another !—y' you lie yourself!
Not lie here! I tell you what, old fellow, that
may do in them 'ere slave States, hot j'll let
you know," said the agrarian, sputtering a
mouthful of trnal in the watelonau's face,
••that this is free rile !"
4..EirAn Illinois editor, speaking of a rogue.
who lived in that vicinity, says:
"The rascal bad broken every bank and jail
and ahbath day. we have bud in this county
for the last five years."
That chap was a real "broker."
I:=:EMMI
:.:-. - 23`"A Fremont clergyman meta Democrat
on the sidewalk, and said to him, —.Brother,
eau you :recount for this remark:Wit:result in
fnvor of Pnieltanan l after all we have dune?”
"Ye.:," said the i)e:u, n "the rwehanan
men trusted ill the Lord while the Fremont
era relied on the elerg,y."
Ai - iv-There aro sorne fitnit, in conduct and
some in eonver,ation and tyriting, are
not to be 4;onileisined nor to be parduned, but
to beforgotten.
e-ar'!Mrs. Quigg, is your lity4batid a Know
Nothing ?" "I gouPss so, for hi , t u b' in thi s
morning that Nutiothiply had lioun making a
foul of him."
gar.l. minister approached a mischievous
urchin tWout twelve years old, and laying his
hand upon his shoulacr, thus addressed him:
"My son, I believe that the devil has got
hold of you."
"I believe he has too," was the significant
reply of the urchin.
I=l
Z i r Thirty:thousand passengers were car
ried. last year by the steaznships_between .Eu
rope and the United States, including eastern
and western pa.sage.,.
In gvilinc.7 Nowfnundlatui dog, do
von know whother it valtiod according to
what it will - fob-li, nr what it will bring?
1===:1=111
1 with a
ruti•r. tl er I)ut ;I. "I,\
11-41•11"311.i.).
\t !rid'
I=3
=:11
=II
=SI
. '
HISTORY OF DRAINING AND ITS RE-
The.tirst notice we find of draining, is in a
book by Waiter Ullgh, published in the time
of Cromwell, called the "English improver
Improved," or the "Survey ofusbendr,y Sur
veyed." A few extracts will show, though
the style partakes' of the Puritan character of
the times, that the true theory of underdrain
ing was -even then well understood. lie in
sists p trticidarly upon the nevem:4l'y of draw
ing out the bottom water by deep underdrains.
Only make thy draining trenches .deep
enough and not too far off thy floating course',
and I'll warrant it, they drain away- that tat
der moisture, fyrth, and venom, as aforesaid
that maintains them, (tlic, rush, flag, and
ma rchlabb) toid then, believe me or deny,
Scripture, which- I hope thou Barest not, - as
pitted said unto Job,. 'Can_the-rush groW
without mfrs. or the flag without w. ter -
Yin 12. That interrogation plainly shows
that the rush cannot grow, and the water i
in„ taken from `the root ; for it is not 'the
moystnessc upon the surface or the-land, for
then every shower should increase the rush,
but it is that which lyetle at the root, which
drayneth away at the bottom, leaves it a naked
and barren
"As fir thy drayning trench, it most be so
deep that it goo to the bottom of the cold,
sprnv luoy•t water, that feeds the rnsh and
the flag g .,"-... Yea, suppose this corruption that
feeds awl nourishes the rush or flag;, should
Tic a yard or four film(' deope, to the bottom of
it thou must goc, Jr thou wilt drays it to pur
p e4c or ma ko the Mimed advantage of either
floating or drayuing, withmit which thy water
infAitve its-kindly-teperathite - wonld
fill the drains with "green fagots," or."peb
bles and flint Stones," "then having covered it
over with earth, and make it oven as the oth
er ground, wait - neer expect a wonderful effect
timing!' the blessing of God."
*For more than n century drainin . gluts-been
•sucCessfully and extensively practicod in the
county of Essex, England, but the general
practree of thorough draining dates no farther
back than the labors of :11e,• , Stnitli. of Deans
ton, who was the introducer of the system,—
lie advocated not only the practice of cutting
off the water of individual enrings, but of
draining the entire surface of retentive soils by
parallel drains running through the whole.—
From him, the name "Deamstonising" was
applied to thepractice of 'filling drains with
small stones. more modern is the prac
tice of draining with tiles, but the time-, more
than thirty 'pears. has elapsed Ante) their in
troduction, would indicate that they possess a
-great'degrce of permanence. Where they have
been laid deep enough they still continue to
operate successfully.
The extent to which. draining is now prac
ticed in (bent Itritnia is most astonishing, In
some parts ulinost entire counties haveiewn
underdrainecl. canals lave
been constructed many feet above the fields,
into which the water is raised by windmills or
steam, and then flows away to the ocean, and
thus what were once &miry : wastes have been
convertod'into the most fruitful fields. • There
now stands tipwi Lincoln heath a tower seven
s y feet high, upon the top of which, till within
it half ,century, a light was kept every night.
like a light house, to guide teavelleyrs, peon the
heath. The whole district, is now cultivated
like a garden, nail this fertility, is entirely
owing to the magnificent system of: drainage
which has been adopted.
The into Professor Norton. detailing
,what
tie saw in England in 1846, describes the op
g!rations on one farm in the Northern part.—
Ni n erh om ired no res were already drained with
three hundred miles of drains, and the farmer
having a new lease of nineteen years,wrovpash
ing his. labors with renewed energy. The sur
face, soil was still' and the subsoil almost
pervious to water. The drains immediately
misted the valve' of the, land from a rent of
$2 50 per acre to one of sr, 50. One half of
the 'expense, us is usnnl, was borne by •the
landlord. A neighboring proprietor had laid
about two hundred and fifty miles on his morn
estate, and had thus increased the rent on
many of his farms from five to fourteen dollars
per ecre. So great vas the ameliorating ef
frets that fine crops of, turnips were growing
upon stiff clay where it was impossible to pro
duce them before.
The same zeal -with like results was fiend
in Scotland. Mr. Tennant, who occupied a
farm three miles - from Edinburg., had drained
every field. and said that with him "draining
waft an indi , peesable preliminary to every im
provement." The value of another farm had
'been doublet in five years, by laving two
hundred miles of iinderdrain, followed by sub
soiling an 1 other improvements. A reclaimed
peat hog of' one hundred and fifty acres, where
the peat was twenty feet, in thickness, exhibi
ted "firm beautiful fields producing very hea
vy crops, in one instance reaching nearly
eighty bushels of oats." The same writer
says "that hearing the experience of a great
number of practical men I never met one who
was disappointed in the result of efficient, tho
rough draining."
Mr. Colman also in his European Agricul
ture, gives his opinion that thorough draining
and subsoiling constitute "the great modern
improvements of English hm.bandry," and
that "Only seem dostined to increase the pro
(hick of the country beyond any calculations
whieh have yet Leen made."
The Duke of Portland had some time since
laid more than seven thongnnd miles of drain-
Age on his estates. The 'hike of Bedford had
laid two hundred and fifty miles in a single
year. On another estate the rental was so
much increased as to yield twenty-nine per
cent. on the capital employed. The mana
ger of the farm of Sir Robert Peel reports
the crop of turnips on a drained field as
"f mr times as great as ever before produc
ed."
So perfectly established is the necessity of
drainage and confidence in its success, that
government has provided means for furnish
ing loans to be expended for this purpose, and
private capitalists consider the security am
ple upon funds advanced for this expen
diture.—While it is true that we have not
many such extensive districts which need
draining as exist in Groat Brit:tin• yet it j 4
crinallr true that we have few forms whikh
do not furnish some fields which would
he henetitted by its application, and softie
i t oh ; to‘, n hip.lvbere hut little of tlm
o il -Ail, nytint,tio
SULTS.
TWO DOLLARS A-YEAR
A large part of Rolland has been redeemed
from the sea- by, strong , embankments and
skilful draining. Much of the surface being
lower than the surrounding ocean and 'inter
secting rivers, the water is elevated )0y ma
chinery and kept out by strong dykes. Wind
mills were first employed to drive the drain
ing wheels, but recently steam engines ate
substituted as being more efficient and certain.
—Harlem lake is thus drained by three enor
mous steam engines, each driving eleven mam
moth pumps. Each pump is capable of rais
ing to the height of ten feet at each stroke
over six tons of 'water, or over sixty-six tons
for the eleven. The cost of each engine with
its fixtures was about $176,000, and the annual
cost of keeping it dry. is estimated at $30,01A
Yet this expenditure is amply . repaid by the re
deeming and rendering serviceable to man of
seventy thousand acres of most fertile suit --
This undertaking promises to be so successful
that the plan is proposed of draining the ZnV
der.Zee, a tract of about forty miles 111 iength
and breadth.
Many of the sugar estates in Louisiana are
roteeted from the overflowing-of the Wtti•Prhi
the Mississippi by an embankment called_
a “levee," and as the river is (Awn higher
th n the surface of the fields, the water is,
raised from ditches by wheels - by
steam. It is proposed in this way to drain the
whole, Delta of the Mississippi, and 'thus fur
nish for eultiVation an imineave 'area of inex-,
hausti ble ford ty, which is nowea ti rely worth-.
less.
The effect upon the health of a country pre-:
duced by extensive draining, is found to be
not the least of the benefits arising from it.
Numerous statistics show the iniproted state
of health of many districts in England lint
we will notice only one *striking ilistance taco
tioned by President .11itelicoch,,'_of .Ainhevrt
College, in hie report upon the Agricultural,
Schools of Eur lo a district in Filmic
there was a scattered and Miserable p)pula-;,
ties, the mean length of whose liveS did'not
exceed twenty-fiVe years. The periodical over-, ,
Now of extensive marshes- was the rause of
all this unhealthiness, bl. tievier purchased.
"11100 acres and in two years suceefled indrain
ing all the ponds and introducing itieressftol
cultivation with themost marked himefits at; ter
health. Before the drainage wai.finished the:
per cent. of his domestics sick with . fevers NT tC,
as hip:A as twenty from June 25th to Oct. 15th,
After the drainage the pr(-portion fell sueceSt..:
ively to six, five, and three and finally to one,
half per cent.
With such results befOre ns why do we ne
glect, not only the drain ing °four own farms,
those little patches of the earth's surface for
which we aro accountable, but to make puLlic'
provision for draining extensive marshes nod
interuds, which are such fruitful sources of
pepitilence and suffering, and'thus not only
add to the productive -capital of the coat try,
but aid in extending the conirnon /ease up
op life and health of the whole human race"
New Law—Pre-Payment en all Transient
Printed . latter Colepule; -
.
We nro requested to publish th
regulatimie, which the. Postmostcr
made, to carry out the provisions
just passed requiring pre-payment
on fill trpnsieut printed matter :
1. Books, not weighing, over fa
may he sent in the mail, pre - Paid :age
stanipsou ono cent an ounce any distance in tho
S. ender three thousand ;idles, provided
they are put up without a covet or wrapper,
er in a cover or wrapper (men ,at the ends or
sides, so that their character may be deter
mined without removing the wrapper.
2. Unsealed circulars, advertisements, intsi 7
!boss cards, transient newspapers, and °rely
other article of transient printed matter, (c-.-
cept books,) not weighing oxer three .ounci.s,
seta in the mail to any part of the United State , ,
are chargeable with one cent postage' earn,
he prepaid by.postage stamps. Witeht more
than one circular is printed on a sheet. or a
circular and letter, each must he charged %vial
a single rate. This applies to lottery end otper
kindred sheets assuming the form and name
Of newspapers ; arid the miscellaneous. matter
in such sheets must also be charged with nne
rate. A business' card on an unsealed envel 7 -
ope circular subjects the entire packet
to letter postage. A transient, matter, like a
circular ur haudbiLl, enclosed in or with a
periodical or newspaper sent to. a subscriber,
or to any other person, ,subjects the wle,le
pAckage to letter postage; and whenever sub
ject to letter postage, from being sealed, er
from any cruise whatever, all_ proatel'inetter
without exception, must be prepaid, or exidull
ed from the mail. It is the duty of the pest
master at the mailing office, as well as at tlio
office of delivery, carefully to examine alt
printed matter, in order to see that it is charg
ed with the proper rate of postage, and to
detect fraud. At offices where postage stamps
cannot be procured, postmasters are author
ized to receive money in pre -payment of post- .
age in Aransient matter, but they should be
careful to keep a lot of stamps on bawl.
Pumpkin and Squash Pie.
rot-common family pumpkin pies, three eggs
do very well to a quart of milk. Stew your
pumpkin. and strain it through a sieve ur col
ander. Take cut the seeds, and pare the
pumpkin or squash before you stew it, but do
hot scrape the inside ; the part nearest the
seed is the sweetest part of the squash. Stir
in the stewed pumpkin till it is thick as you
can stir around rapidly and earnestly. If you
want to make your pie richer, make it thin
ner, and add another egg. One egg to a quart
of milk makes very eent pies. Sweetuu it
to your baste; with molasses or sugar ; •sottect
pumpkins require more sweetening than oth
ers. Two teaspoonfuls of salt, two great
spoonfuls of sifted cinnamon, one do. of gin
ger. Ginger will answer very well alone for
spice, if you use enough of it. The outside
of a lemon grated in is nice. The inure eggs,
the better the pie; some put an egg to a gill
of milk. They Rhould bake from forty to fifty
minutes, and even ten minutes longer if very
deep.—Frugal Housewifi%
Ze - We find in an exchange a,reniedy for
frosted fect,which is just now very appropriate.
Heat a brick very hot, .and hold the foot over
it as closely as it can be held without Willing,
Cut an onion in two and dipp:ngit repeatcdl2,-
in salt, rub it over the foot, wiH effect a cure
in a short time. If this is done a few tittles,
it is almost certsin to cure your feet entirely.
ti-at - 11 ,, that f many .si ts, aft ale. Of
ISE
NO. 17..
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