Paatom ilgoritt
Towanda, Pa t , March ' xo, IStiz.
'GENERAL GRiNT has started for Veld.
co.
'l'ss'ue! Cabinet pith the exceptiOn of
Lialona; and liscVssou conven
©d in regular session Tuesday,.
THE tint train from Chicago for forty
days arrived at Pierre,' Dakota 7 on Satur
day. That whole country has been snow
ed under.
. .I.Nr.sinENT i3Anrir.m. Tuesday no - tni 7
need NATELAN Gott, Jr., ex-Secretary
of the Navy, as S. Attorney for.Weit
V irgirlia.
• THE cpunecticut Senate
. bas liaised a
bill prohibiting . unneceseary changes of
textbooks in the schools of the State.
Two members of a school bo.ii:d can veto
any change. -
Ex-PnEsiovvr HAyEs and wife arrived
at their home-in Fremont, Ohio, Tuesday
evening and were met at the.' depot very
entliti;4astically by 1,000 citizens who
enorted theni to their residence.
1;i1.1.s to a large number have failed in
the Forty-sixth Cotigiess, because they
'lid not reach thelast stage of their pas.
sage, and will therefore fail, as ono Con.
ress canna take up any unfinished bus!•
'less of another where it vas left.
. IX; EJ. IV: Mi:no., -cif tition count),
lovia, has been appointed b,Gor. GEAR
to the vacancy caused by thi resignation
of United S!ates Senator KIRKWOOD.
:Judge Nlr•Du.r: was a member of . the 43d
and 44th Congtesses, and also of the
Electoral Commission.
THE Yorktown Centennial COromittee
has decided to invite .the President and
Cabinet, the members of the 46th and
4th Congresses, and the Governors 01411
the States and Territories. The latter
kill be conferreti with it ,Once, to learn
what inilitary-organizations contemplate
participating iu the celebration.
THE annual . statement of the Pennsyl_
Canis Railroad Company, just . published,
shows gross earnings to the year 1880 of
over seventy millions dellarkand net pro
fits of nearly twenty-eight millions. As
compared with iiteceding years, it shows
a greatly increased buSiness, and the com
pany, after
. paying large divitends, has
placed to the credAt of profit and loss an
count nearly eight millions of dollars.
Tut: Insane ASylam at Danville, Mon-
Ithir county, Pa., Was
. destroyed by fire
Nlonday morning 6th hist. All of the
cecupants, nearly_:ioo in number, were
safely removed without loss of life, to a
detatched building. At the time of the
tire the inmates were iri the chapel which
assisted 'in keeping the unfortunates
under control. A few escaped—onebe-.
ing found twelve mires away. The build
ing was twelve years in process of erection
and was only completed last_year. Loss
!notyll:tl. The trustees have already
taken's . teps to rebuild. The orign of the
tire isttuknown.
TIIF: N ational Guard. of Pennsylvania,
which appeared at Washington seven or
eight thousand strong, - and constiliited
one of the more imposing feature's of the
inalgural.processicin; - appears to have :re
ated a profoutn impression. The display
was certainly ereditable to Pennsylvania,
not on account of the-nitmbers of the mi
litia, but because thel,,Men composing the
militia presented soinething more than
....the appearance A - 1 - - dres's parade. soldiers.
They ..-ere not gaudily uniformed, and
their soldicrly3ie s aring and 'excellence of
drill havebeeiirfavorably compared with
. the reonlar'-tibalis, appeard in the
carne procession. No State in the Union
now has such well-organized 'militia
~,as
:Pennsylvania- and the work has all been
accomplished Within the past three years.
It is an Iloilo' and a credit to the State
wheieverit appears. • _
Tim Sundry. Civil bill as agreed on iu
committee contains some of the most out
ingeous appropriations ever made by any
Congress. A few examples only are ne-'
cessary. Ex-Governor CURTIN, who con
tested Representative Yoet'M's seat, was ,
allowed SS,OOO for makingtlie contest, ,
au3 "locust was, given $4,000 for eipen
hes in defending his title. DisnEn and
1111. t. contestants from are of the Florida
districts, get nearly $lO,OOO each as sala
and $3,300 each for expenses, making
that Vbegressional district cost the coun
try $27,000 in addition to several hundred
thousands of dollars worth -of time, de
voted by Congress and committees to - the
consideration of the contest. Perhaps the
most glaring scoop or the Treasury
appropriating several thousands - to a
claimant for afseat it the 2!3t11 Congress,
-The claim. only having.recently been rais
ed, after.the lapse of 32 years.
. ' A v ottistoN occurred on the Potomac
' ltailroad; fottrteen miles south of Haiti
inure, Maryland, at :1 o'clock, Saturday
afternoon; between the presidential train
from Washington, bearing .ex-President
li.xvi,s and family to their home in Ohio,
and the returning iisitois in attendance
at tine inanginal ceremonies and a train
of empty passenger cars, drawn by two
engines - bon - mi . for Washington. The
t rain fi.otn Washington was made up of four
Pnllmim sleeping cars text to the engine
and tender. The first was a: special car,
• containing Citizens - of Shamokin ate vi
cinity. The next three contained the
- Cleveland City Troop, which was a spe l l
_vial escort to -President GARFIELD from
Cleveland to Washington, and, was return
ing Rs- a special eseiltt to ex-Presideut
l
HAVES. The fifth - , Coach contained .. -
President IIAVEs and family and friends.
:The sixth coach•was a special car of JAS.,
MAsox, counsel of the Lake Shore, and
of A. C. Anus - rnoxo, an officer_ of the
,s, rile ,road, from t elev eland . It contained
the families of these. gentlemen - .and their
friend,, and was followed' by a baggage
car. Next came the special car of DAN
IEL T. ELLS, President of the Ohio Cen
tral. Road, and President of the Commer
. vial Itank of Cleveland, in which were his
family and friends. This coach was fol
lowed by a coach containiakt,welro horses
. of the Cleveland troop, and made up the
train. - The engineer and baggage -master
were killedi-and eighteen Others injured.
-The ex-President and.fani ili were unhurt,
and were active iu.rendering assistance
to the wounded. All threb—engines
. were badly wrecked. None of - the cars
were damaged except- the brat and second
Pullman cars. This accident was caused
_ by the disobeyment of orders. The env
- ty passenger train should have remained
F2..0n the siding at Savern Station until the
.--.i
loaded train had passed. - Ex-p r esident
.11sysis left at 7 o'clock the Nutlet evening
° - , - for the West. Damage by the • witident
alan!t f 30,000, . - .
?Kg 1116* ADNIIIIIIITRATION.
= l .ll
Since the last number of the Et-
PORTER went Mit to its Vieth* a
peaceful revolutkett ties been condom
, •
mated. President HAYES - has lid
down the symbols of his omen Aril
President GARFIELD hes ussurqd tilt
dignities and responsibilities of the
Chief Alacistracy. There has been
no shock, subb as serves to a change
of dynasties in other lands. There
has been nu change .of - lyhasty in
the retire-mak:to of Mr. HAYES and the
accession Of President GAIMELp.
The people, after a long and . well
t . vh 117-
mught campaign, saw fit tovoutinue
the Federal power in the hands of
the Repzbilean party. The change,
80 far asirmybody-tan know at this
time, related to men and not, to
principles. There is no obVions rea
son why it should relate to policyi
even: In his : inaugural address Presi
dent GARiIE I LD clearly outlines the
policy of his administration. He
recognizes . the glandeur of national
destiny and recognizes as a philoso
pher and a statesman the possibili
ties of the future. The country has
seldom been privileged to read a pa
per from its Chief Magistrate so dig
nified, so calm, and withal so com
prehensive as President GARFIELD'S
inaugural address.
It is to be noted that the incoming
President makes=-no-,rash promises.
say in does, indeed, say in plain lan
guage, that the laws must 6e enforced
and every part - of the- Constitution
vitalized by the Federal authority.
Ile recognises the duty of the execu
tion to uphold the supreinacy of the
nation with a proper re _ cognition-
the . autonomy •of the States. He
simply says that filehole includes" .
every part, and that a part can nev
er be permitted - to dominate the
whole. And this . Las:
, eonsiclerable
significance because t relates to the
Old quarrel which begiin.in the Con
vention which framed the Constitu
tive and' has never been' composed
beyond controversy up to this time.
The utterance of the President de
fines his position to be — thnt of the
Republican party which i holds to
nationalcsupremae3, - in .tational af
fair'.. • ...•
.- ' • • -
The President recognize- es► n
ation in . the South as difficult, and
while admitting that universal 1314-
frage h 4 distempered the.relations
of-the white and colored populations
there, the enfranchisement of the
freedmen was inevitable. - There can,
he says,be no permanently disfran
ed pea`pliktry in this country. And
there can't* no - step backward. The
idea of the President is . that -the
classes must accommodate themselves
to The new, order of things by mutual
forbearance and according to the laws
which govern progressive peoples.
The composition of differences can
not be accomplished at once, but
with-the-g,radual-enlightenment of the
iKnorant the causes of disagreement
*HI disappear. This is a stateman
like view. This generation will not
he privileged to witness the complete
reconciliation--:•of the 'South. -We
must.wait. • -
As regards national--nuance -- the
President is in full- accord with the
present - policj' or the Government.
The credit - of the nation is to be
maintained, values are to he real and
not forced and fictitious ; and the
debt, is to be re ru niled . in accor dance
withthe laws finance
.based "Upon
centurieslpf experience - . There is no
doubtful ling - i s W I . these : utterances of
the 'new President. Ile is
. a Stalwart
.Republicarn, devoted to the principles
of the party; and only intent : upon
giving the great Republic a foremost
position among the nations • of• the
earth. .
A BATTLE AN . D A LESSON.
Now that the Senatorial c9Atflict
has ended in a manner satisfaßory
to nearly everybody it, may he profit
lable to review the battle:and 'commit
its lesson to memory:: He. is — fio
friend to the . Republican party who
IRAs back upon the long and bitter
struggle in Han isbtvg and dismisses
litas an accidental collision. It was
no more an accident of politics than
the great: war of Is6l was an acei
i dent.' it was made inevitable by ill
advised interference with the people
in the discharge of their duties as citizens. The time has gone by when
the people elect to hand over matters
which lie within their choice to any
,
tiOdy.l A sturdy protest nog out in
1876,.but it was not heeded. But
what w l asetill more signilicanto great .
I'many• u4n- who4rfused to _Openly
join the, protest keely : admitted that
the protest. was founded in- reason.
The unvoiced protest was n 4 less a
, .
i warning than that which vrae . -Viijeed.
I The lesson of the late dead - 44 . at
Ilarrisburg
may as well be taken to
heart .by Republica - fis everywhere.
It giVes point and emphasis 'to the
great underlying principle of a gov
ernment by free choice. Had it been
a personal conflict; a struggle for:the
mastery : between- the two. men Who
bore theetandards for. their respec.
tive supporters, it might
. be assigned
to the domain of accident. But it
was, on a -,
limited scale, what the'
conflict that raged all - over theiant
&Om June .10 Xovember last was
known to be at the" time. Nobody
for a moment, assumed that it vas a
! struggle for the mastery:betWeen
Gen. GARF . IF.I.D and Glen. HANCOCK.
They bore the . standardi, • and that
was all, . Between the men there was
I not only no quarrel, but no cause kir
j quarrel. Each - represented' certain
principles, and those principals Were
antagonistic. - - -There_werc•
ly defined lines of policy, slid. the
struggle was made strictly upon the
1 issue so joined. ',
And so, on a- smaller sAle, the
deadln* at Harrisburg was oautiell
-by the . CollisiOla Qf lily° differing P°l
ides in teview at this title, botanic,
those Iletilla were freely 'discussed
in these coltimui' t it; tikeikpf. The
RATti mi 41 4Poibit Ade:.*7
ruOicipate iktbr-caucts,
ha Nina.) „it cherinhedleitana4i 4 :
*Alin to #te gdtitemeli - kito — iniW
the 'caucus should be pi*
mount, for it did not.. So far as the
course of this paper was concerned,
[Vitas not colored by any unkindly
feeling-toward. men, but was shaped
in ooedienee to a wide spread and
powerful popular demand that (the
yoice.of the peopit should be heard
and obeyed. Hatt we l l refused Ito
recognize that demand should
have been unfaithful to the clearest
obligations of, duty. The Press has
two functions, the one..to form a
healthful'public setiment, the other
voice the clearly ekp T ressed. will of
the people..
The lesson to be enforced is that
the people,: will be- supreme in their
electoral capacity. When they indi-
cate a choice that choice most be
respected. And il'any set themselves
up to stifle such choice they will in
evitably provoke resistance. The
result Inky not be utter deatruction
of those who resist popular will, but
it can never prove less,than a severe
check In policy , of that ; kind. The
people can ajways dictate terms if
they will; and if their demand is just,
and rigidly persisted in, no combina
tion can succeed against it. District
autonomy must—be _maintained-at-al
hazards:' To'strike it down is.to in.
vite the disintegration ) of any party.
It is for the people to say who shall
represent them in every branch of
government, not for any body to say
it for them. This is a Government
by the people.
HARRISBURG LETTER.
dpecial Correspondence of Tux 12 neonvras
, . .
llsnarsnuno; Mai i ch' 5, 1881. —.The
present' was a short legislatito week, the
;Fork of which commenced with a session
of the Soiree on Monday evening, Feb. 28.
Nothing of special importance is banally
acbomplislied at these night sessions, and
this one, proved no exception 'to the gen
eral' rule. Tiro prominent Philadelphia
members indulged in a little sarcasm in .
reference to a local bill affecting that city,'
but these -amiable performances partici- .
pated in by _representatives of the city of
brotherly love are becoming so cornion
that they are' rnarded as rather' menoto
nous. ' . • .
Mr. 'Furth asked that the Religious
Liberty bill be placed ou the calemlar. It
had been reported negatively. He, made
a strong speech in its favor. On agreeing,
the yeas were 1)0 and the nays were 41.
Not agreed to, not having received a con
stitutional majority. • •
The resolution providing' for an ad - -
jotirnment on Wednesday was amended
to read " from Wedneiday to . Tuesday
following at 10 A. 1f.," and passed. \
Mr. Higgins offered a resolution expree:
sive of sympathy with Ireland, on which
the yes& and nays were called.. The yeas
were 98 and nays were 10.
The use of the House was granted for
'the purpose pf bearing an address to the
t .
members froin Representative Wm H.
-
Ruddiman, on ,Thursd ay, March 10.
A large number o f bills Imre read'on
first reading,. after the House ad
journed. • t
--In - the Senate 'on Tuesday morning the
Ist inst., a perfect flood' of petitions and
remonstrances on, various subjects . wen'
presented. Among others', were thoie in
=favor of the suppression of the liquor
era tic, against mutual assessment corpo
rations, and favoring the bill making wo
men eligible to boards of charitable insti
tutions.
Among the bills introduced at this ses
sion of the Senate ,was an act creating a
board of railroad companies and defining
their powers,ani duties. , -
Mr. Gordon offered a resolution calling
upon_ the AttorneyMeneral to test in the
proper courts of this Commonwealth - 16e
constitutionality oe tile act , creating the
office of Recorder of \ Philadelphia, which
was ieferred, to the Committee a Judi
ciary General.
An invitation from the Institution of
the-Blind of Philadelphia, to an enter
tainment'at the Opera House, on March
10; eras received and accepte,d.
The following bills passedilially : .
Au act granting power -to counties,
cities (exceptscities of the , fitst and second
classes), municipalities, or school districts
in this Commonwealth which have issued
bonds or other evidence pf indebtedness,
to redeem the same, andissue new bonds
therefor, with or without interest coupons
attached. - . •
A supplement Logan act entitled "An act
relating to action& c.f ejectment, approied
December 14, 1863."
• An - act to -facilitate the administration
of justice 'in the separate single judicial
districts of ibis ComMonwealtb, and to
authorize judges to hold court out of their
districts in Certain cases.
_Senator Davies
had charge of and took an interest in this
bill. '
An act relating to life and tire insurance
policies,.. This bill provides that all life
and fire insurance policies sh 11 have at
tached to tliem correct copi e of the ap
plication: signed.by the applicant and the
by-laws of companies containing refer
ences to the application of the insured,,
and unless t h us attached the policy shall
not be received in evidence in any contro
versv. Fe
House resolution providing for adjourn
ment from Wednesday until Tuesday the
Bth, at 10 o'clock, was concurred in.•
' Iltiu reolution . of sympathy for Ire
land wa referred to Committee on Fed
eral Rela ' . - S
Among the new bills introduced in the
Rouse on Tuesday morning the Ist Inst.,
was every just and righteous one (by,lllr.
Ruddimanyof Philadelphia),: entitled "an
act to provide for the cm Forel punishment
uPon all male persons convicted of will
_fully beating their wives or- beating any
other female-person, and the manner and
place orinflicting the said punishment,
and the officers by whom it is to be in
flicted. The bill provides that any male
person who shall beat his wife or other
female person-stuill receive not exceeding
thirty 'whet upon his bare back by means
of a whip or lash of suitable proportions
.and strength for the purpose. This pun
istlment shall be inflicted by the sheriff of
the county or by one of his deputies with
in the prison enclosure of the count?, in
which the offense is committed, and in
the presence of a duly licensed physician
and-of the keeper of the prison or one.of
his deputies,,bnt in the presence of 'ziri
Other person. All -good people* should
pray for the enactment of this bill into a
lair.. It the brutes in human form who
diffuses Omit kind by beatial *Quin
Were shin a tirx doWe of the*
idne, - it-iiitB 06tsi h oibb goW-Itliat
if such deiiiikii* way
lirShhikwreiebOi * 7 _ tea flit gone
*wet °::::lllgßadation to ba
leached by ani:terciimuitory
veHltiabfibit gown) the . follow , .
lug i • °
SupPlemerittiry aet., - tO enable olti
lens of thii c Wad fitsdeti; and corium-,
Wins chartered under the laws of the
Commonwe b alth, - and 'authorized to btdd
real estate, to hold.and convey title which
had been held by aliens and ecuporations
not authorised by law to hold the saint.
Relating io the collection of borough
tax.
.
Making it a misdemeanor for minor
to - re Present himself to be of full age to
obtain intoxicating liquors.
- To prevent the playing of the - game of
pool for drinks of spirituous liquors..
Prohibiting the granting of licenses for
the sale of liquor') to proprietors, lessees
ter matageri or , thottres or other places of
rmsentent. -
The general appropriation bill was
taken up on seeond _reading. The House
went into Committee of the Whole and
amended the bill in several instances.
Mr. 'Wolfe moved that the bill be post
poned for the present,• which was agreed
to afMr some debate, .when be Heise ad
journed. ' ' ,
• The vote by Which the three bills in the,
interest of temperance:(above noted) were
passed is very encouraging to the cause.
No business of special importance was
transacted in either branch of the !Avis
lature on Wednesday the 2d inst., altho'
a geed deal of necessary= routine work
was gone - through with prior tii the ad
journment over until Tuesday next, which
had been provided for. . ImMediately after
We 'adjournment most of the statesmen
started for the - city of magnificent dis
tances, to take in andnrijoy the inaugura
tion.Vlaving no curiosity to gratify on
this sight4eeing occasion, your cone
;
sPondent con uded -; that ', .Washington
City would be &odi place to be away
i i
from on Fridi the 4th inst., and did not
subject his 20 pounds of `rheumatic hu
manity to t . jostling, jamming and
crowding incident to an inseparable from
all such demonstrations.: A good' many
of those. who did enjoy the inauguration
are owning back, 'and will be for several
days, looking very Much like the boy who
had been kicked iu the face by a mule—
they are not near so handsome,. but they
know more.
Restricting or regulating the sale of
liquors-=one of the questions which will„
during the balance of the session of the
Legislature, claim a 14ge share of its
attention. A very strong effort is being_
made to get,a general license aist passed
which' wilt be satisfactoey to alt section's
of the State, but great trouble is foiffid iii
reconciling the many different view's and .
interests._ Indeed, this whole liquor bin!:
iness is a most delicate and difficult thing
upon whickto legislate, and Weal's more
than any other for,Cool, calui and deliber
ate consideration,_ to the end thatjust,
discreet and wise action may be taken.
As long'as liquor is minufaCtured it will
be sold and drank, and her to regulate
its 'selling and drinking is now, and it is
to be,ifeared will be for, many years to
come, the perplexing andibarrassingques-.
tion. In this connection it may not be
amiss to observe that the people, of the
whole State seem to be aroused, to. an. Un
precedented extent, in reference to re
strictive or 'prohibitory legislation, judg
ing from the vast number of petitions
that are pOuring into the =Senate' and
House of Representatives oil this subject.
The great majority of these prayers, too,
are for legislation having for its object
an amendment to the Constitution to pre
vent thtinanufacture and sale of all in
toxicatirig except' for medical
purposes. The temperance people and
organizations are 'evidently at wprk in a
Way that they never - have been. before;
and it may be added that their petitions
have not, during my twenty-five or more
winter's experience here, been / presented
to a Legislature composed of men more
disposed to give them a fair hearing than
are the present Senators and Representa
tives. This is encouraging to those who
are opposed to having doggeries at every
cornet, and they should continue te`make
known to their Senators and Representa
tives. No definite action has so far been
had on the subject, and it is not deemed
necessary to take either time or space in
referring at length to different trills which
are in
. various stages of consideration.
When any conclusion is reached the read
era of TnEllltt'OßTEn will bk promptly
and fully Posted. In the -meantime let us
.hope fer the beet that wise counsels may
.prevail, and that such a low may be en
acted as will do' the greatest good to the
,greatest ',timber of our. people. Let us
pray that He who both told ns in His holy
word that no drunkard shall enter the
kingdonlitheaven, will give his creatures
in theLeguslature such wisdom and clear=
news of vision' as will enable them to see
the right, as well as the courage, the .
man
liness to do their full duty. •
CUSSEWAGO.
INAUGURATION.
The Tweitieti Pre;leat of the hilted States
lasiAltd.
AN ExcuasiT INAUGURAL ADDRESS.
Despite the storm and inclement
weather on. Friday morning last, all
Washington- was early astir, and
crowds of-all ages/were inking their
way to the varioni points of interest.
During the entire night .trains had
been arrivintladen with military and
civilians, and'-it iris estimated that
fully 30,000- strarigers were in the
city. Stands
.. had been erected all
along Pennsylvania avenue, capable
of bolding 25,000 persons, and every
seat was sold. At ten o'clock A. M.
the sun was shining brightly, but
there was a cold March wind, yet the
sidewalks, the stands and windows
along Pennsylvania ' avenue were
crowded with spectators to witness
THE PROCEINHON.
.
The First division formed on Penn
sylvania avenue and New York ave
nue, between nine and ten.A. M., on
the north side, facing south, with
right resting on Seventeenth street.
The carriages for the Presidential
party and the. Cleveland 'Troop (the
incoming President's - special escort)
assembled inside the grounds of the
Executiie Mansion shortly before
ten o'clock.
At 1015 the Presidential party en
tered their carriages, and, preceded
by the Cleveland Troop, moved
through the west gate to Pennsylva
nia avenue and halted. A signal gun
was then - fired by a detachment of
the District of Columbia, District Ar
tillery, which was stationed- on the
mall south of the Treasury Depart
ment. The Marine Sand played
"Hail to the Chief," the troops pre
sented grin rind recovered,,and the
column hrobh froui the right, march
ed to theieft, moved down Peinsyl
varlig mom ! and , halted, RUN
lie itof itli eoliimii bad nataie4 *
= 4
e ree e tie1.P. 1 "9 1 4- 4 1,9• 014,
1400 1 0 20 .1404ataur
Fititti -
4
ilia*
- - 9,f ' 4 J4PI4 l ittL $ 1 41 4 ,1 : -V t i
4 ' u 1 " ' 13 / 4 "" 1 1 - ; • ' '74 1- :
- , 1 1 0p91111 t.
twtiter-ho clitriagdociniAspetio '
President' It. B. ilayealViliddetit
elect "Garfield, Vice-President-elect
Arthur, Sedator George
,H. Pendle
ton, Senator A. B. Anthony; Seigel'
Thomas F. Bayard. • t.-- , ,• -:, .. ... -
By this tittlePcnnaylvaiiialifentie
was cleated or, all obstrlictiong, and
half an hour later the strains of mar._
-tial music 'heralded the eele
Pa
ant. At its head' came Ge al W.
T. Sherman, the bead of the - army,
surrounded by,. half a-dozen aids in
uniform of Officers . ; then came files of
fours' of the regular troops, behind
theth two, squildrons of eitifen gob
diery, Obi iletireeri 0646 tarBtiehes
containing the President-elect, his
predecessor and other public men of
national distinction ind prominence.
After these again the military.,
At various points' along the route
were stationed organizations of citi
zens reidy . to . fall in. on the return of
tl.e cavalcade. This arrangement had
been decided on with sound judg
ment by. General . Sherman, ,who
brought his long experience 4o bear
in the selection of one division to
escort' the President•ekct to the
Capitol, and organized the others to
fall in without confusion on the re - - - -
turn passage. On the first route the
first division passed around the south
of the Capitol to the east front, where
the President-elect was escorted to
the scene of his inauguration. An°
hour later it resumed its march with
the now dnIS , installed - Preeident
Garfield incharge, and passing around
the north,' wing of the Capitol, pro.
ceedol to the White. House. The
citizen -soldiers of Pennsylvania,
headed by the veteran General Hart
ranit, followed, and the other organ
izations fell in line/ in due order,
forming an - imposing and massive
procession. . - t
AT. THE CAPITOL
At half-past eleven o'clock the
head-of the procession, passing around/
op 'south sing, reached the eak,
frbnt of the Capitol. The Presiden
tial carriage was driven to the lower
entrance of tbe Senate wing, and the
President-elect, accompained by the
Vice-President-elect and Senators
Pendleton and Therms*, entered the
building and proceeded to . the Vice-
President's roorn., where they remain-,
ed until twelve o'clock.
Holders of cards of admission to
the Capitol thronged the approaches
to.the Senate long' before the doors
were opened, and within a few min
utes after eleven o'clock the Senate
galleries were filled to their utmost
capacity. Mrs. Garfield, wife of the
Presidbnteelect, and her venerable
mother, occupied -front seats in the '
private gallery nextto4he diplomatic
gallery, and Mrs 4 Hayes sat between
them. The floor of the Senate began
to fill up quite early with distinguish
ed invited guests, including a number
of army officers of high rank, among
whom Generals' Hancock and Sheri
dan were especially noticed. '
About 11.30 the Diplomatic Corps,
headed by Sir Edward Thorntonoip
peered at the main entrance: A few
minutes afterward the Supreme Court
of the United States was announced,'
and the justices, beaded by' Chief
Justice Waite, and clad in their robes
of oflice,entered the Senate .phamW
and marching slowly, down \ the cen
tre aisle, took the seats prepared Tor
them in front of and facing the Tori.-
trum. Ex-Justices Swayne and
Strong also entered with their former
Colleagues. Shortly before twelve
o'clock General Garfield , and Presi
dent Hayes entered the chamber arm
in arm, escorted by Senators Pendle
ton, Anthony and Bayard (the Com
mittee Of Arrangements), and follow
ed by the members of the Cabinet.
They proceeded down the aisle to
seats reserved for them, The Sena
tors and all other occupants of the
floor rose, and remained standing
until they lad taken, their seats. -The
galleries applauded by clipping "of
liande and waving of handkerchiefs.
The Vice-President-elect was next
announced, - and he -- was escorted by
the. Sergeant-at:Arms and Senator
Pendleton to a seat on the right of
Vice-President Wheeler, amid renew
ed and hearty applause.
The 'House of • Representatives,
beaded by Speaker Randall, next ap
peared, and at twelve o'clock Vice-
President Wheeler delivered his vale
dictory, and the-Forty-sixth Congress
was declared 'at an end. The newly
inducted Vice-Presidentadministered
the oath of office to Senators elect,
and the work of the organization be
ing completed, it was announced that
the Senate, Supreme* Court and in
vited guests would proceed to. the
east portico of the Capitol to partici
pate in the ceremonies of the inaugu
rations of the President4lect A pro
cession was accordingly formed, and
all the late occupants of, the floor of
the Senate'proceeded to the corridors
and rotunda to the place in the fol
lowing order-: _
The Marshal of the United Statos
Supreme Court• and the Marshal of
the District of Columbia, the' filu!
preme Court,'the Committee of Ar
rangements and the Sergeant-at-Arms
of the Senate, the President and
President-eleet, General Arthur and
Mr. Wheeler,—the members of the
Senate, the Diplomatic Corps, the
heads of departments; members of
the House of Representatives and
members-elect,' Governors and ex-
Governors of States, o ffi eers of the
Senate and officers of the Rouse of
'Representatives. At half.past twelve
o'clock the' , . President reached his
place at the front of the platform,and
took a seat, with Chief Justice Waite
upon his right and ex-President -
Hayes upon his left, with Senators
-Pendleton Anthony and Bayard,
while immediately behimrhirn sat his
mother, Mrs. Garfield, Mrs.' Hayes
and Vice President Arthur. Some
delay ensued while a photograph of
the scene was being taken from an
elevated staid a short distance to the
right and front.
Shortly after - half-past twelve
o'elock'Senator Pendleton introduced
General Garfield, who at once deliv
ered hie ,
INAUGURAL ADDRESS •
which Occupied about foity-five min
utes. lie said : -
FELLow-crrlzEirs : We stand • to.day
upon an eminence which overlirks a hun
dred years.lof national life—a century
crowded with perils, but crowned with
the triumphs of liberty and law. Before
continuing the onward march let us pause
on this height for a moment toatrenOlien
our faith and renew our hope by a glance
at the pathway along which our people
have traveled. It is now three days more
than a bundred years since the adoption
of the first written Constitution-of the
United States—the Articles of Confedera
tion and Perpetual Union. The new Re
public was thus beset with danger on eve
ry hand. It had not conquered a place in
the familiof nations. The decisive battle
Qf the Nvar fer ieckpoutleuve t viten OD
_
, :l td tenets 1
*ought. The. tfo oni• .1 s
pot. t sgaißet
_the s'et*, _
aggibibthe sit - of
mot a ,;:alont be
list,
- the atil gov
tstqtaeuld to the
1 0004 '904 11/1/Wt.lve&
et*ifistb ofeettO=WOSS — I'elit love
of libeitt;the intealgsgtontrage, and the
saving eottimotiasose - 4101; 7 •TabMdt` Intr
fathers made the (mat notwitot self ,
government. When they found, after - a
short trist, - that theca:A:denier of,Sts.tes
was too weak to meet the , necessity of a'
vigoroos and expanding republic, they
boldly ert it aside acid Wits stead extol).
liekd a Halloos' rAionecollnded d!reetly
upon the whole of the people, 'endowed
with full powers of seltpreservation and
*Wait authority for the'ecamtplish.
went of other great objects. Under this
'Constitution boundaries - 0f freedom have
been enlargedi the foundations of order
and peace have been; strengthened, and
the growth of Rtr people in all the better
elements Of national life he. vindicated
the w isdom of the iouieders and given new
hdP6 °to their desiiendants. Underthe
Co - Rattle& otir- people long ago ihide
themselves safe agalhat danger from with
out and secured for their mariners and
flag equality of =rights : oh- all the seas.
Under this Constitution twenty-five States
have been added to the Union with Con
stitutions and laws framed, and enforced
by their own citizens to secure the maul.
fold blessings of local solf=government. ,
Tbejurisdietion of their Constitution now
;covers an area fifty times 'slater th an toe
riginatthirteen States and a, population
twenty tithes greater than that of 1180.
THIS tattittOurvr
ivE b i trrr i OS' THE Ekett.
The supreme trial'of the Constitiition
- came arlast - under the tremeudouli press
ure of civil war. • We, ourselves.'are wit
nesses that the Union merged from the
blood and fire of that conflict purified and
made stronger for all the, beneficentyur
pima of good government. And now, at
the close of this first century of 'growth,.
with the Inspirations of its history in their
hearts, our people have lately reviewed
the condition of the condition,: passed
judgment upon the conduct and opinions ,
nf political parties k and have .registered
their will concerning the future adminis
tration of the Government' To interpret
and to execute that will in accordance
with the Constitution is the paramount
duty or the Executive. •
Even from this brief review it is mani
fest that the nation is resolutely facing to
the front, resolved to employ its best
energies in developing the great possibili
ties of the future. Sacredly vreserving
whatever has been gaink:d to liberty and
good government during the century, our
Teeple are determined to leave behind
them all those bitter controversies con
cerning thingi which have been irrevoca
bly settled 'and the further discussion of
which .can' only stir up strife and delay
the onward march. r•
The supremacy of the nation and its
laws should be no longer a subject cif de
bate. That discussion-which for half a
century threatened the existence ,or the
Union was closed at last in the high _court
of war, by 'a decree frdm which there is
no appeal; that the Constitution and the
laws made in pursuance_thereorare . and
shall :continue to he the supreme law of
the land,'binding alike upon_ the Stites.
and the people. - This decree does not dis
turb the autonomrof,the States norAnter
fere with any of their necessary-rights of
local self.goyernment ; but it doettfis and
establish the permanent supremacy of the
Union. The will of the nation; smelting
with the voice sf' battle and through ' the
amended , Constitution; has fultilkd the
great promise of 1776 ;by proclaiming
"liberty throughout the laud' to. all the
inhabitants thereof."
.~ ~ ,
The elevation of the negro racer from
slavery to the full rights of cifizeuttlV.is
the most important politicalschatto'lwe
have known since the adoption et, the
Constitution of 17r. No tboughtfiiViiiii
can fail to appreciate its benilicent effect
upon eur institutions and people. It has
freed us from the perpetual danger of
war .and dissolittion. It 'has added :im
mensely to the moral and individual forces
of our people. It has liberated the mas
ter as well as the slave from ae.relation
which rouged and 'enfeebled both. It
ndered to their own guardian.
ship the manhood of -more_than 5,000,000
people, and has-ropened -toy one of
them a career of freedom and'useTulness.
It has given new inspiration to the power
of self yelp in both races by making labor
ttlore honorable to the one and more nec
essary to the other. The inthience of this
force will grow greater and bear rich fruit
with the coming years. No doubt , the
great change has caused serious disturb-;
ances to our Southern communities. This
is to be deplored, though it was perhaps
unavoidable. But those who resisted the
change should remember that under our
institutions there was no middle ground
for ,the negtO race between slavery and
villa citizenship. There can be no per
manent disfranchised peasantry in 'the
United States. Freedom can never yield
its farness of blessings so long as the law
or its' administration places the smallest
obstacle in the pathway of any virtuous
citizen.
The emancipated race' has ajitady made
remarkable progress.. With unquestion
ing deVotion, to the Union, with a patience
and gentlen ess not born of fear, they hare
" followed the light as God gave filet' to
see the+liglit. TlMyarc rapidly laying
the materiarqundations of • self-support,
widening the • circle of intelligence, • and
beginning to enjoy. - .the blessings that
gather around..the homes Of the industri
ous poor. They deserve the generous en
couragement of: 1' men. .So tar as
my authority can lawfully extend, they
shall enjoy the full and • equal• protection
of the Constitution and the laws. •
FREEDOM OF. TIIE, BALLOT MCAT BE PEE-
SERVED.
The free enjoyment of equal suffrage is
still in questipn, and a frank statement of
the issue may aid its soldtion. It is al
leged that in many Communities negro
citizens are practically denied the freedom
of the ballot. In so far as the truth of
this allegation is admitted, it is answered
that in many places honest local govern
ment is impossible if the mass of unedu
cated negroes aro allowed to vote. These
aro grave allegations. So far as the latter .
is true,. it is the only palliation that can
be offered for opposing the freedom of the
ballot. — Bad - Ittatoweniment- is-certainly
a great evil which qught to be prevented,
but to violate the freedom and sanctity of
the suffrage is - more than an evil—it is a
crime which, if, persisted in, will , destroy
the Government itself. Suicide-is not a
remedy. If.in'other lands It be 'high trea
son to compass the death of the king, it.
should be counted no less a crime here to
strangle our sovereign power and stifle its
voice. It has been said that unsettled
questions have no pity for the repose of
nations. It should be said with. the ut
most emphasis that this question of suf
frage will never give repose or safett-to
the nation until each State within its dwn
jurisdiction makes and keeps the ballot
free and pure by the strong sanctions of
the law. But , the danger 'which( 'arises
from ignorance in the voter cannot be de
nied. It covers a field far wider than that
of negro suffrage and the present condi
tion of that race. It is a danger that lurks
and hides in the sources andleuntains of
poWer in every State. • We have no stand
ard_hy-which-to measure the disaster that
maybe broughtupon us by ignorance and
vice tn the citizens when joined to corrup
tion and fraud im the suffrage. The voters
of the Union whO make and unmake Con:
stitntions, and Upon *Wise - will hangs the
destinies of our Government, can transmit
supreme authority to no successor save
the cokning generation •of voters, who are
the sole heirs of sovereign power. If that
generation comes to its inheritance blind
ed by ignorance and corrupted by-viciN
the fall of the Republic will be certain
arid remedyless.
41,_qUESTION OF SUFICISME IMPORTANCE TO
THE SOCTU.
The census has already sounded the
alarm in the appalling figures which mark
how dangerously high the tide of illiter
acy hat risen among our voters and their
children. To the South this questionds
of inpretne importance. But the respon
sibility-for the existence of slavery did
not rest upon the South alone. The na
tion itself is responsible for the extension
of the suffrage, and is under-special obli
gations to aid in removing the Illiter;
azy which it his added to the voting pop
ulation. . For the North and South alike
there id but one remedy. All the coast&
tutional power of Abe nation and'of the
States and all the,.volunteer ,forces of the
people should be summoned to meet this
"danger by the saving influence of univer
sal education. It is the high privilege and
sacred duty of the uow )(mg to Ougato
stotiliani and them try
feriae' and :Met* for, tiff ifilmettemee r
*lda swifts limit
*this sections and 'elfouldipeo tor
gotten jolt eatMOW. tilltiald Ati.,
known. La infiftwnikt4 4 n t liP =
log in the Distal Otacie N trhioir , '
tkiniio! fiw;"
our little cblidspoirilkimar: r` central *it
destinies of Ile --?'N your*, if
men, we to nial. brourjudgment
concerning the controversies of , past gen
erations, and fifty years 'hence our child
ren will -not — be divided in their opinions
concerning-our contmerskesi They' will
subrlyikl‘s their-fathers and their fath
ers' God that the Unimi wiee Keeloviedt
that slavery was overthrown, and that
rimes were mule equal before the law.
We, may heath dt wtl mdfr Mardi but we
cannot prevent the final reconcillathtn.
It is not possible4or us now to make a
truce with time by anticipating and ac
c.epting its inevitabk - verdiet ? Enterprises
olthe higheatinipcittance to our moral
and material - well•beinv_invite us and
oiler ample scope ,for the employment of
our best pollen. Let all our people, and
leaving behind them the tattle-lields of
dead Issue's, move foment; and 14 the
etrength °Misfit and theostored Union
win the grainier victories of peace.
corms?* sUoviED •VRESEnve. TUE Filmic
cutoff;
. •
The prosperity which now prevails is
without a paralell in our history. Fruit
ful seasons cave done much to secure it,
but they have hot done. all. The preset.=
vation of thirpublie credit and the re
sumption of specie payment, so success
fully attained by the administratiipn of my
predecessors, has enabled 'odr people to,
secure the blessings which the seasons
brought.. By the experience of Oommer
cial nations in all ages it has been found
that geld and silver, afford the only safe
foundation for a monetary system. Con
fusion has recently been created - by yaria
tiotia in the relative vane of the two
metals, but tvonfidently believe that ar
rangements can be made between the
leading commercial- nations which will
secure the general use of both metals.
Congress should provide that the ciampul-,
sory coinage of silver now required by law
may not distrub our monetary system by
driving either metal out of circulation.
If possible such an adjustment should be
made that the purchasing power of every
coined dollar will be exactly equal to its
debt-paying power in all the markets of
the world. . ,
Tlie — chiertiuty of the NationafGovern
meet, in connection with the currency. f
the country, is to coin money and declare
its value. Grave doubts have been enter
tained whether or noteettKress is author
ized by the Constitution to make any
form of paper money legal tender. The
present issue of the . United States notes
has been sustained by the necessities of
war, but such pai er should depend for its
value and currency upon its convenience
in use and its , prompt redemption in coin
at the mill of the holder and upon its com
pulsory circulation. 'These notes are not
money, but promise to"puy - tnoney. If.the
holders demand it the• promise should be
kept.
The refunding of the national debt at a
lower rate PT interest.should be accom
plished without compelling the withdraw
al of the national bank notes and thus
disturbing the business of the c(mbtry. I
venture to refer to-the position I have oc
cupied on financial questions airing a
long service in Congress, and to say that
time and experience have strengthened
the opinions I have so pften expressed on
these subjects. The 'finances of the Gov
ernment; shall suffer no ;detriment which
it may be possible , for my administration
to prevent. I
* OUR AGRICULTURAL ARD,SLA.NUFACTURING
4 ' INTE,RESTS.
T interests of agricultural deserve
more attention from the Government than
they haVe yet received. i Tbe farms of the
United - States afford homes and employ
ment far: more than One-half our people
414:furnish Much the largest part of all
;on - reverts.. As our Government lights
our ceasts„ - fet, the protection of mariners
and the - benellai t AolllM6iatEo.• it should
give to,the tillers ofthe soitifaits ofttrac
tical science and experience.
Our manufacturers are rapidly making'
us industrially independent and are open
ing to capital and labor new and profitable
fields of enployment; The steady.
_and
healthy growth should still be maintained.
o:tr facilities for transportation should be
promoted by the'continued improvement
of our liarbors_atul the great interior
waterways and the increase of our ton
' ageon the ocean. The development of
tho world's commerce has led to an ur
gent demand for shortening ti great flea
voyage around Cape Horn by construct-.
ing ship canals or railwaycahross the
Isthmus which unites the two continents.
Various plans to this end have been sug
gested and will need consideration, but
none of them have been sufficiently ma
tured to warrant the United States in ex
tending 'pecuniary aid. The subject,
- however, is one which ivill immediatly
engage the attention of the Government
with a view to a thorough protection to
.American interests... We. will urge no
narrow policy nor seek peculiar or exclu
sive privileges in any commercial route.
but, in the language of thy predecessor, I
believe it to be "the tight and duty of
the United States to assertand maintain
such supervision and authority over any
interoceanic canal across the Isthmns that
connects North and 'South America as
will protect our national interests.
MIA:YAM! SHOULD DE i"RORIBITED
The Constitution guarantees; absolute
religious freedom.. Congress is prohibited
from making .any : law respecting an es
latilishment of religion or prohibiting the
free exercise thereof. The Territories of
the United States are subject to the legis
lative authority of Congress, and hence
the General Government is responsible
for any violation of the Constitution in
any of them. It is therefore a repo:me 4
to the government that in the most-popu
lous-6f the Territories the constitutional
guarantee-is not enjoined by the people,
and the authority of Congress is set at
naught:, - The Mormon Church .not only
offends the moral sense of mankind by
-sanctioning polygamy, but
.prevents the
administration of justice through the or
dinarf instrumentalities 'of law.. In my
judgmeq, is , the • duty of Congress,
while rapepting to the uttermost the con
scientious rainvictious. and religious sena
ples of every citizen, to prohibit witblaits
jurisdietion` all..- criminal - Oractices and
especially- of that class which destroy the
family relations and endanger social or
der. Nor can any ecclesiastical organi
zation be safely permitted to usurp in the
smallest degree, the functions and powers
of the National Government. . ,
THE CIVIL SERVICE RE FAVORS. I
The Civil . service can never be placed on
satisfactory basis until it is regulated by
law. For.the good of the service. itself, for
the protection of those, who are entrusted
with the appointing powers against the
waste of time and obstruction of the pub
lic—business caused by the inordinate
pressure for places, and for the protection
of incumbents against intrigue and
wrong. shall at tip proper .time:ask
Congresi to fix the tenure of the minor
offices of the several executive depart
fnents and prescribe the grounds upon
which removals shall be made during ,
terms for -which incumbents have been
- appointed. .
TUE PORPOSEAF THE ADMINISTRATION._
Finally, acting always without' the - aut,
thority and limitations of the Constitution
invading neither the rights of the States
nor the reserved rights of the people, it
will bejthe purpose of my administration
to maintain the authority of the nation,
and in all places within its jurisdiction to
enforce obedience to all the laws of the
Union in the interest of the people.; to de
mand rigid economy in all the expendi
tures of the' government, and to require
the honest and faithful service of all exe
cutive officers, remembering that the of
fices were created, not for the benefit of
the incumbent or their supporters, But for
the service for the Government.
AN APPEAL FOR EARNEST RIIPPORT;
And-now, fellow-citizens, ant about to
assume the great trust which you have
committed to my hands. I appeal for
that earnest and thoughtful support
which makes this Government in fact, AR
•
in law, a_ government of tha, people. -I
shall greatly rely upon the wisdom and
potriotism of Congress and, of those who
may share with me the responsibilities
and duties of administration, and, above
all, upon our efforts to promote the wel
fare of this great people and their gov
ernment. r reverentially invoke the sup
port and blessi3gs of Almiffhty God. ,
THE PRESIDENT SWORN .IN.
Chief Justice Waite then adminia.
tered the - usual- oath, to -which Gett l
ern' Onrtle,l4 responded with revel eni
till fervor. Et-President nayes lot •
• . lately pressed krward and 4011
"grattdatet btu sauce:4°r, and after
theui the tesident'invotheiand wife
-Bluth of whom he saluted *Mt a kis&
A getiersi ..cr. •
and,handslisking ensued, after mid&
the Presidential patty 'descended
from the platform by a private stair;
iaseand proceeded to the President's
MOM in the rear of the Senate Chain
her, where an informal reception; took
Place." At 1:80 the party, entering:
their carriages, were 'driven to their,
places in the Arne •of the = procession,
which, at 1.40, started.upon its return
to the White House.
THE DECORATIONS .
of the Capitol were numerous and
very elegant and imposing in charac
ter. The Executive Maniion present
ed an especially aVractive appear
awe with innumerable flags, medal
lions, evergreen devices and hand
soini monograms or, Q . , and A. The
Departmental buildings were T Falso
profusely enlivened by, liunthig,ln
which, of course, the United States
'flags predominated., • _
A grand triumphal arch spanned .
Fifteenth street, from the Treasury
Department to the Cofc'oran build
ing. It was- Gothic in design, and
one end was surmounted by a tower
I l,with four minarets, from which float
ed red and blue pennants. On the
other end was a flagstaff, with a blue
and white banner, witting, and four
lines of small flags extending from
the topmost point 0e - the pole to the
arch below. The entire structure
was painted• to imitate brown stone,
and the columns and ornaments Nova
,Scotia stone. Thirty-eight Windows
in the arch and tower were painted in
imitation of • stained glass. In the
centre of each was a red, white and ,
blue shield, on which 'was the name
of a State. Eight similar windows
was marked with the names of the
eight territories. Acrbss the top of
-the arch was two milt of cavalry
and infantry: guidons. tight: iron
arches , were thrown across ail the
streets which cross Penos,ylvania
avenue, from the Capitol' to Seven
teenth street. These were thirty-eight
in number and were on both sides of
the" avenue. They were gracefully
draped with garrison flags, and small
flags hung loosely to the ends. On a
medallion set in a cluster of flags in
the centre of. each ;was the coat-of
arms of a State, with scroll hanging
below, on which was the name of the
State and the 'year in which it be
came a State; above the medallistrn
was a staff Surmounted by a blazing
sun, with 1881 in the centre, and
from which depended a red, white
and-blue blinneret. At either end of
the arch-was a large shield of , the
I national colors, above • which was a
cluster of small flags, with two guid
ons above them. Large golden Stars
was plawl_mridistant betireen the
shields and medallion. Twelve fes
toons of evergreens hung below.
• The various equestrian statues
throughout th.e city were all draped
with flags and festodned with gar
lands of evergreens. The hotels,
banks and business houses also made
handsoine displufs, pictures of 'the
President and Vipe.Tresident being
very numerous. , .
THE PROCESSION,
-which was Almost interminable, was
fUlly carried out according to pro=
gramme;: and was' without doubt, the
grandest,- pageant ever seen in the
City
TILE INAUGURAL BALL
Was a grdnd suezeSs, the broad ave
nues leading to the building krevent
ing any inconvenience either . to car
riages or pedestrian§: l The exterior
was brilliantly lit up with many
colored lamps.,-.Tne elaboratedecora
dons of the - ink - dor - excited pniver
sal admiratioti in the centre of the
rotunda was the Statute of America,
with , a shield in her left hand,, andin
her right a torch from which a bril
liant electric light was, thrown down
the tour wings, diverging at right
angles from each :other. The statue
was placed on a lofty base :deeply
banked by tropical plants. ;Cables
of eVergreens, Varied with rare and.
bright colored flowers, drooped from
the lofty ceiling, and the pillits were
gorgeously , decorated with. flowers,
evergreens and heraldio shielis. The
arrivals commenced shortly after
eight o'clock; and by nine -o'clock,
when the President *as expected, be
tween three and fourAhonsand people
were assembled. At half-past nine
o'clock the orchestra of one hundred
pieces announced President Garfiek's
entrace by playing- the Inaugural
March,'especially composed for the
occasion by Philip Sou's t:
Atter'being presented to the Recep
ion-Committee -the President held
a reception for over en hour. Short
ly after eleven o'clock the - President,
his wife and mother retired from the
Balcony and were 4fiven to the White
- Howse. The .coMpany included all
the leaders of the fashionable and
Political circles, and was .exce-ption
ally brilliant in every respect'.
(' ILLUMINATIONS AND FIREWORKS.
.To-night the city is brilliantly illu
minated, and all the streets are crowd
ed- with people. At eight o'clock a
very handsome display of fireworks
took place in the immediate neigh
borhood ,of the-Treasury, pepartment,
which attracted an immense gather
ing, the streets for' squares being
utterly impassable.
nIEIqEW CABINET.
Brief %ketches 4f tie .n o
11.14 Has - Pirleelted for His Advlsres.
James • . G. Blaine Secretary of
State, was born in Washington coun
ty, Pennsylvania, January 31, 1830,
and graduated at Washington College
in 1847. He took to Journalism.
Having removed to Maine, he as
sumed editorial charge of the Ken-
Inebec Journal, a weekly newspapers
- published -at Augusta, the capital - of
the State. . Subsequently he conduct,
ed for several years the Advertiser, a
I - daily paper published in Portland., -
He served four years in the Legisla,-
ture orMaine, two years as Speaker
of the House of Representatives. In
1862 he was elected to Congress,
and was returned at every successive
election up to 1874: -In 1869 he was
elected Speaker, and served in that
eapacity until thd Democrats secured
the control of the House in 1875,
when he became — the -- leader of the
Republican minority on the floor.
After his defeat for the Presidential
nomination in 1876, he was in July
appointed - Senator to '.succeed Lott
M. Morrill, whd became Secretary' of
the Treasury, and in January, 1t477,
was elected by the, Legislature for
the remainder of Mr. Morrill's term
and for the full term which ends on
March 4, 1883.. , • vo
WILLIAM W;NDO3I,. SZCBETAIti OF TILE
TREASURY
William Windom, of Minnesota,
was horn in Belmont county, Ohio,
May 10,1827 ; received an academic
education;, studied law at Mount
Vcruinr, -- OT -- prwatical . big profeesiaa
in tbaltßtate and in Minnesota'ctit
INC; -woe elected Prosecutimum,__
terney for gums county In, 1852;
removed to Minnesota in 1855; was '
a Representative in the Thirty-siatb,
'thirtyleventb,Thlrtylightlqbirty- ,
ninth and Fortieth cohipesses ; was
appointed by the Governor of 'din-
Minita l In July, 1870, to fill the an
npired tens of Hon. Daniel S. No`r.
ton, deemed, in the. Semite of the
United States; was subsequently
elected ms a liepublican and' was
theta in 1877 for the term - which
will expire in 1883. Mr. -Windom's
most noticeable public service was; •
performed as chairman:of the special
&site committee on transportation.
In 1873. At the Dust Republican
National Convention Mr. Windom
received the votes- of 'Minnesota fQr.
President.
_ROBERT T. LINCOLN, SECRETARY 01 7
Robert To d d Lincoln, of Illinois'
is /illative of ' Illinois, the eldest
-son
of the late
_President Lincoln,and
now thirty:seven years of age., At
the time of his father's' election to
the Presidency, in 1860, he was a
student at the Exeter Academy, and
afterward entered Harvard-Universi
ty, where he graduated. After his
father's death, Robert Lincoln studied
law, and settled down in the pretice
of his profession in Chicigo, where
fie has been very successful at thi7.
bitir. Some years-set-I-cm:rallied-a—
daughter. of Ex-Senator Harlan, or
lowa, who had been appointed Secre
tary of the Interior by President
Lincoln just before the Tatter's death,
but did not enter upon the - duties of
the office Until after Mr. Johnson's.
inauguration._._ Mr. Lincoln's "firht
active experience in politics occurred
last year, when he acted as delegate
to the Chicago Convention and sup
ported Grant to the last. -
Tnowts L. JAMES , POSTSIsTEIC
GENERAL.
Thomas L. James was born in
Madison county, New York, in - 18::I;
and early became aii apprentice in a.
newspaper office.. 'A few years later
before be was of age, he became-edi
tor of the paper of his native town.
He' Was then appointed , collector or
canal toUs. In 1861 he went to New
York city and began his olliciarci
'reer there as inspector of custom's
under Hiram Barney, then Collector. ,'
He as three years later promoted
to the position of government weigh
er, and when Moses H. Grinnell be.
came Collector, Mr. James was,made
Deputy Collector in the third divis.
ion of the ware house department.
On the first attempt at the inauguia- •
Lion of civil service relo - fm he -
made President of the Board:Of Ex
aminers—for the Custoth Hou4e: In
1873, without his knowledge. Presi-'
dent Grant — appointed Mr. James.
Postmaster of New York, and F'resi
dent Hayes reappointed him in 187
In 'October last the German Repa!)-
can'eentral Committee of New York
City unanimously nominated Mr.
James ,for.the, Mayoralty and sub-e. , -
quently, when. the Republican com- . .
mittee of, twenty-four appointed by
the county convention decided upon
nominating a straight Republican %,
city ticket, the nomination for Mayor
was 'formally tendered to him, but
declined.
,WAYNE MACVEAGII, ATTORNEY-
4IENERAL.
Ws.) ne MacVeagh; of Pennsylihnia
was born . nt Plcnixville, Chester
county, Pa., April, 19,1833.. Here
ceived his early education in Chest er,-. -
county. He graduated it Yale -
lege in the famous'elass of 1853, and
then studied law with. Hon. Joseph
Lewis, of West Chester, and Was "_
in that - borough admitted to-the bar
on. April '2.p, 185(1. Soon after I's
admission to the bar. he was elected .
District Attorney of .Cheater county
and served in that capacity for three
years. During the war for the 'Union
Mr.,Maclreagh was, twice in the . ser:!,,
,vice—prat as captain of a company
- of cavalry, which was in the service
for two weeks - only .when the inviis;..
lon.of the State was threatened, in
.S.epteniber: 1862, .and as a major on
the 'staff of Major General Couch
during the eniergeney__oLthe follow
ing year. He wasinade. Chairman of:
the Republican State Central
mittee dining the campaign of 1 Sr:;. •
In I'B7o4 . .President Grant appointed
'-toe succeed Joy .Morris. as
Minister to -Constantinople:: This
position - he held until towards the •
close - of 1871 -when
.he -resigned, re 7 _
.turned liome and took ifp' - lits
deuce, at Harrisburg. From there
he was elected a delegate to the Con- .
stitutional .Convention. vrhere he
served as chairman of the "committee,
onludiciary and on. legislation. At
the be g inning.of 1476 Mr. MacVeagh
removed to ;Philadelphia. I • .
WILLIAM lI..IIUNT, SECRETARY OF THE
NAN Y
• _
William H. Hunt, of Louisiana., is
a_native of South Carolina and . about
sixty years of age. He. went' from
his native State to Louisiana in con
sequence of . trouble growing out of
nulification, and .became ,prominent
at the bar. He was, as much of a
Union man as it
. was possible to lie
in the South during- the war, and
when-Generarßiitler took possession
of New Orleans he receited valuable
aid from Mr. Hunt. He was an old
*big in" politics; but bad been a
Moderate Democrat' since the war
until be joined the -Republican party
In 1876 Judge Hunt was the RepnL.,.
Dean candidate for Attorney General
;W- Governor Pac,kard's ticket and
took a prominent part in the Presi;
dentist campaign Of that, year: When
Hayes became President be signified.
a desire , to -make him Collector of
the Port of New Orleans, but Judge
Hunt, preferred the Court of Claims.
and was, in April,- 1877 1 - :appointed_
to that-positioti. lie has since.held,
it.
SAMUEL. J. AIRKWOOD, .SECRETARY
THE INTERIOR.
Samuel J. Kirkwood, of.lOwn. w.as
born in Hartford
. county, Maryland,
December 2,0„. 1813 • received a lim
ited education at the academy
. of'
John°McLead, iri Washington city
removed to Richmond. county; 01116,v, ,
in 1835, and, was admitted to thtar
in 1843; was elected . . Proseen
- Attorney in 1815 rind, again in 1817 ;
:was in 1850:51 a member of the. eon
'verition that framed the Present Con
stitution of the State ofi-Ohia; re- _
moved to Johnson -county, Iowa;- in
was elected Acirthe State Sen- '
.ate in 1856; . ,was elected Governor
in 1850 and again -in 1801 was in
1803 nominated by President Lin In .
and .confirmed. - as. Minist* - 67 Den-
mark, but declined the appointinenri
was in 1866 *elected• to the United - .
States Senate:to. fill. the unexpired
term of. Jameit. Harlan; was'in 1875
again elected Governor of Iowa; and
resigned that Offlue January 31, 1877:
was elected "in January, 1876, to the
United States Senate as a Republican
to succeed . George --- e- .
On term eilding March
3I 0 1883" ' • •
•