4cellanitens. dtscatir:nor ftparMmt AESOCIATIC =ITO= : E. E. QUINLAN, J. T. McCOLLOIII, J. A. WILT. G. W. P.YAti. ''' -A. T. I.ILLEY, Communication tsay De seat to either of the Stwove editors, as my' be Ostend, sad will Meat M the Issue of 10.Ich De VW charge. 3.r,4twooftw WILT, Editor. THE MOWERS MINTY mann= The Teachere Institute, es provided by Jaw, will comMencoMondaY, August 11th, and continue for two weeks. One of the most successful and profitable institutes ever held in - the county was held last year, and continued for two weeks. The Institute is to be conducted on a Tian similar to the one followed last year. 'lle Institute late serve as a school - for the teachers in receiving instruction in the branches required to be taught, and bow to teach those branches. The Comman complaint of the teachers throughout the Commonwealth generally ,is—thatthe instruction is too theoretical, ` l and not of such a character as to benefit the teachers much. This ellarge could; not justlyrbe made in regard to the Insti. tute last year—and from the prOgrarnmi made, out by Superintendent Ryan for , this year's work,-it will be still less open to such a criticism. The work is to be done by the teachers theniseives,aNi all will have plenty to do. If any of the teachers contemplate coming to the 'lnstitute to have a • good. time and nothing to do, we hope they will at once banish such thoughts front their minds, for they will certainly be deceived if they do nod, Anypdrson attending the Institute with any other -object than to - work, studyjearn, and progress as teach ers is not worthy to be celled a teacher, and should at once abandon the calling. The opportunities of having the instruction which will be given free; should bring out a large number who often . neglect to at tend these gatherings. We judge of theprofessional zeal of a teaeher by Lis regularity at County Inati- totes and educational meetings. A teach ers who' never attends County Teachers Institutes nor Teachers' Asspciations, is generally found to lack the.4.mbitionand zeal necessary to make a Sod teacher, and as a result - is able to get asix month's certificate only, or none at all.. If the teachers were the only sufferers from such a course . ; we would - not raise our voices against such, but Since the peo ple, the children, aild the men and, wo men of twenty years bend!, are to suffer the penalty for your lack of knowing how to teach. is being poorly qualified for the practical affairs of life, we claim the right to denounce such a course, prejudicial and yninous to our welfare hereafter. Considered from this stand point, we. claim that the School Directors should be ' careful to hire those teachers only who. can present the best certificates, and know from the notes of \ the Superintend ent's visits, etc., that they are successful, energetic, and ; zealous workeis the cause they have espoused. If persistent - study and industry is not compatible with-Your ,temperament and dispositiOn, we advise you to seek some other employment than Nil- of teaching. If you desire to become practical, .well prepared teachers, you should not fail to attend the Institute, commencing August Pros son H. E. Hsitsv.v, who has bpen Principal of the Canton Graded •;~choii4 for the past three years has ac epted the position of Principal of the graded schbol at \Vellsboro; Tioga Coun ty. Professor Itaesl4 is-the top than below the surface. A roller will break many. Drilling Wheal--Many farmerstire testing the practice of cultivating wheat. We hear of frequent experi ments in this direction, and these have generally turned out satisfac torily. Cultivating or hoeing is easily, done by drilling the wheat in 16-inch rows, by stopping every alternate spout. his not difficult to construct a simple cultivator that will 'work the spaces between-the drills. There are two different wheat hoes in the market that do the work effectively. Wheat that is sown broadcast can not be cultivated. This fact, and the better condition of drilled wheat, should be sufficient inducement to use the drill, if the great saving of seed and the lessening of labor are not. ..nye.--Where the soil' is. not good enough for wheat, .rye will be' sown; 'but, as a general thing, soil that will make a good crop of rye can be made sufficiently rich for wheat by careful preparation, and the use of 250 or, 300 lbs. of artificial- fertilizer. • • 'Liming Land.—Lime is an old fashioned fertilizer, but.it should not for that reason be neglected:, It is 'Cheap, and rarely fails to pay well for its use-when land is to be seeded to grass and clover. Forty bushels per acre of air-slaked lime is usually spread from the wagon -with 'a long*. handled shoVel upon the- plowed ground, and harrowed in with'the seed. It will d0..n0 harm, to put on the limeiremediately after the manure if it is harrowed' in at once. a . • Swamp Lands.—No better time than the present offers for the clear ing of swamp lands. To cut off the thick growth of weedi and. coarse grass and.sedges, and burn these on a dry windy day, will leave thesu:4- .. 'face cleat while it is dry enough to plow or break up. We' find a disk harrow, such as the Nishwitz, or new ' modifications of, the old but excellent idea of, sharp steel disks, to he very effective for such work. The ground, when cut up flue, may, be seeded to grass at once, with a good chance for a. successful eaten. On swamp lands, a good dressingof lime will be found generally useful. Drains.—Cut these while the I ground is dry. If they have been marked, _or laid out previously; the work can be donenow, at . half the cost- of__ doing it when the ground is' t full of water. This season is betteri than any- other for reclaiming swamp,. meadows. . Digging Swamp' flfuek.— . Muck for use in the stables and yards, can be dug during this month and next. With us contracts can be made at 15 cents a cubic yard, for muck laid upon the bank. - This is the best way to get this work done, when the labor is hired. The excavation ean be measured with ease and certainty. A cubic yard measures 3 'feet ';each' way—long, wide,: and deep: The muck on the_ bank will: dry, and be come fine before winter. Fodder Crops that have not been used, should be cut and cured for winter. Sweet Corn stalks, .from which the ears have been pulled fort market, should not be left to waste, but cut up and cured as .soon as the crop is off. The ground may .be plowed at once, and sown 'to White Turnips. There should be no wastes of fodder, or 'of ground, and every little saving that is possible should be made. • White . Turnips may be sown this month, and yield a valuable .crop. The Cow-horn, White Norfolk, Grey stone, and other quick growing varie ties will make a good growth, before the ground is frozen up. Fall Fallowing.-gxperi ence proves, :every season, the wisdom of plowing as much as possible, for" spring sow- 1 incr. Early fall plowing, has the benefit of fallowing to some extent, and the earilier it is begun, the more advantages are derived from it; it is ] more beneficial. on heavy land than L onlight , but light land.cannot fail to be improved by it. • .angels and Beels.—Root crops and - field cabbages nee: frequent cultivation during this month, and up to the time when the rows become nearly closed by their growth. So long as the horse , can .pass along the rows the soil shbnld be stirred -deep ly. Sugar-beets are sweeter the deep, er they are covered in the ground; white sugar-beets may be earthed up; 'but mangels and globe beets do not need this; mere stirring the soil is sufficient. .Thin when needed, ad pull all weeds that start in the rows. Clover Seed.—Clover that was mown early for hay.may be.readyto cut for seed this Month. if cut early, the sod may be prepared for wheat. A clover sod after. the 'seed has been taken off furnishes rich Soil- for .a wheat crop. The sod should be plow ed with 'a jointer, such as the Syracuse Chilled Pion*, and the - ground well - 1 rolled; the surface may then be loosened up with a: cultivator before sowing: It and Bruises in horses and cattle should, be washed and dressed with some emollient application. -The Veterinary Cosmoline ' a preparation of crude_ petroleum, has proved an excellent dressing for damaged skin, sprains, or bruises, .on horses, cattle and sheep , . as well , as for softening h'rd or contracted hoofs. It has been found to serve a useful purpose for mankind as well as for animals. .llnrsesA run at'pasture at night will be useful 'fora team, but either the pasture should be good or the helms should receive a feed.of grain before being turned out; pasture alone will not be sufficient for a tired horse that is kept at.work every:day. - Care. of the Feet.—Work, horses are subject to have dry and brittle hoofs .while plowing 'on 'Lot, dry ground. Occasional washing and application of glycerine or Cosmoline to the moist hoofs wilt softer . the horn and remedy the brittleness. At this season mischief is done by keerk'. ing old shoes on too long. It is- neoettmui remove shoesloaceamn date the.gitorth of the boot; other yr*, there is danger that the hoof May *come bound. - saris` ON °Refrain AND OABDZN *ORE. Ilmesting the maturing crops, and weed-killing, are the chief occu patiims of the month.. The killing of weeds is of as much importance noW.as earlier in the season, and is mentioned with special, emphasis, for the reason that it is so often neglect ed. The orchard, nursery rows, and garden, are often tilled during the Spring and early . . Summer, but when, August comes the „weeds too often, have it all their own way , . This is'partly due'to.the pressure of other work, but frequently to negligence. Too often, as soon as the crop is well on its way, the hoe and rake are hung up, and the. - weeds take posses 'sion of the ground and ripen their seeds in abundance for the next season's, trouble. Clean culture is not, possible unless the weeds are persistently killed throughout the whole season. KITCHEN AND MARKET GARDEN. . .It is now that theiwell-Planted and kept .Kitehen Garden makes.its value felt in abundant slipping' of vegeta bles for, the table. Though most vegetables are beyond- serious injury from Weeds, the various weeding im plenients should be kept at work in the garden. A weed: going to seed now, means many hundred-fold of ita kind for nest year. If there- is noth ing. on: a strip where an- early crop" has been removed, let _the cultivator run over it every few;days, but it is , better to sow such ,places,' and keep all the ground incultiVation. Spinach may be sown, and turnips sown now will make a good crop. , • Asparagus._—But little can be done now e_cept to, keep the- large weeds pulled:out. .• - - Betini - should not be 'hoed_ when . the vines are wet, -as .:it is said 'to make them rust. Plant Refugee for late crop, .especially for pickling. Pinch the stem' of Limas off when they,reach the 'top of the pole. Beets.—Keep hoeing and thinning, using the Young, plants, for greens. Cabbages and Catdifloaters.-L-Set now; :To'r late use. , Destroy the . "worms" by catching -the butterfly; hand-picking, by .. brine sprinkled over the. plants, or by the use of water heated - to .18us : '.' • • Carrots must have clean culture. When too large to hoe, pull out large =weeds that show themselves. . Celery----If not set, should be put out at once; it will yet make a crop in well manured moist soil. Corn.—The. late crop should be cultivated and Cleared - of--weeds, arid the soil kept open -and mellow. Vtioumbers.—Cultivate the soil as long as the vines will allow it, and band-pull the. weeds afterwards. Gather for pickles when of the de sired size Some like them of the size of the forefinger', and others pre fer them even smaller, but the yield will of course be less if picked of that size. Plants.—Seep well cultivated, • and place straw beneath the fruit to - keep it from the ground. •Endire.—Set plants for late crop. Tie up the leaves when ready to blanch. . . Herbs should be cut while in early.... - ,flower, made into bunches, and dried , sloirly in the Slade. • A iftgoim.—Those - which set too late /..." to ripen should be picked off. If the ound is mulched .with straw just as ,the, vines are beginning to run, it. ill save hoeing, and keep the fruit from the ground. If the fruit is occasion ally turned it will ripen better. 31usj: melons are ripe when the stem sepa - rates from the fruit. A ripe •water melon is known, by the peculiar and charrieteristie sound when thumped; easier remembered than described. • Qnions.—Harvest as soon as ripe, and when well dried, store mean airy place. Onion "sets" - should be kept where they will nut heat and decay. • Potatoes.-Dig' the' early crop as soon as' the vines ' wither and die down. Burn ,the vines, as they may contain the potato-rot fungus.: Mar ket at once. • Seed.--As a general -thina - it is cheaper and more convenient to get-- seeds of the 'regular seedsmen than to save them. But if any are saved, let them always be of the earliest,' fairest, and best specimens.' - Squashes.—Watch thi. vines for injurious insects. full-out the weeds, when you can not hoe any longer. Sired Potatoes.—DO - not let the - vines root at the joints, as numerous small potatoes will form there at the expense of large ones. ' Tomaloes,—Destroytnelargegreen worms by hand-picking. Provide la Cheap frame of - stakes and poles, or place straw under the vines, to keep the fruit from the ground. Trim off the late,branches and flower elnSters, and thui thrOw all •the nonrishriient into the fruit that is sure to ripen. FLOWER . GARDEN AND LAWN % If the weather. is dry,, watering in the flower garden will be a necessity. This can be done with most-effect' and comfort towards sundown.. The - weeds will alwa.yS grow, and must be kept out with hoe and rake, Care is the watchword Of the month. 'The beds should be kept in order by Oil ing and 'trimming, especially- if they are of - the so-called foliage plants, And represent formal designs. - /1///bi of spring flowers should now be taken Up, -; Dahlias are to be secured to stout stakes firmly set in the ground. Cut off the old flowers as fast as they have faded away. Pick oft grass hoppers. ghriiiotatises will need stakes to the flower stalks. Lawns and Edgings should be kept closely cut. Lawn mowers are so perfect new, that there is no excuse tor not- having ,a well kept laWn. Large weeds can be taken out with an - old chisel fixed to a handle. Keep the drives' clean by frevent raking, and occasionally use the hoe along edges. , . Household Knowledge. • BAKED IttrunAt9l.4--Cut the pieces about an inch in length; "weigh; al -Ipw as much 'moist sugar , a's rubarb and bake in an earthen dish; Put into the dish in layers; add a little water; cover closely and , bake l . WREN mattresses ot. hard and bunchy. rip them,_ take the hair out, Pull it thorobghly, bphand, let it lie a day or _two to air, wash the tick, lay it in as light and even as possible and catch it down as , before. Thus prepared they will be as good as new, New KETTLEB.—To remove the ikon taste -from new kettles boil a handful of hay in them; and repe;it, the proceis if necessary. Bay water is a great sweetner of ltin, wooden and ironware. In Irish dairies every thing used for milk is scalded with hay water.