NEI
ALVORD & HITCHCOCK, Publishers.
VOLUME XXMX.
TERMS OP PUBLICATION;
The lISADTOS,II Itzrourza Is published every
Thursday morning by S. W. Awronn and J. E.
Ifivencocw, at Two pollen per sunhat. In &d
-esert.. • .
fairAdverilsing In all - cases exclusive of sub.
scriptton to the paper. •
SoECIAL NOTICES Inserted at 'MN c*NTB per
/Inc for and Insertion. and TITS VISTA peril's, for
each subsequent Insertion.
LOCAL NOTICES, TITTSICS CENTS a line.
ADVERTISEMENTS will be insertedaecording .
to e following table of rates: ' •
. ,
1 Ind I $l.OO fz a 9 TO. 0 0 147.00 $lO.OO I .16.00
Inches I 1 - 5
00 I a.OO to.oo I *Coo I moo
linc4es I 2.10 I 7.00; I 10.00 112.00 I 20.00 I 30.00
itlei - telt I 3.00 LSO 11.00 I 18.2.4 12:.00 4 35.00.
cormn I 4.00 12.0 t 16.0 , 20.00 11 241.130 I 46.00
)5' cormn I 10.00 1 2g.00 I 7.3.00 I 23.00 I 50.00
column 120.00.141.0 1 1 x,60.00 1 60.00 1 100.00 1160.00
Administrator's and Executor's Notices, 12:
ndlter's Notices, f 2.50 tliu.sulesseards,
‘tper year> ft, widlthraltlines
Yearly advertisers aro entitled to quarterly
changes. TrattsientraAvertisetnents moat tie paid
for in advance.
All resoinUons of Associations; communications
of limited or Individual Interest, and no.ices of
marriages or deaths, exceeding Ave linesogg charg
ed.
TIN Assrrs per line.
'‘llls RILPOILTZN. having a larger clicalat lon thin
any other paper in'tho county, makes It the best
advertising medium In Northern. Pennsylvani. -
JOB PRINTING of every kind. in plain and
fancy • colors. done with neatness and dispatch.
Handbills, Blanks. Canis, Pamphlets, Bilibeads.
Statements, ac, of every variety and style, printed
at the shortest notice. The RICPCiATICE oftice Is
well supplied osith power presses. a good Assort
ment of new type, and ev..ryttiltag in the printing
line can be executed in the most artistic manner
and at the lowest rates. TERMS INVARIABLY
-
BlT,Trutt Canis.
C S. RUSSELL'S
GPINERAL f
INSURANCE AGENCY
Marls4Ott
CHAS. M. HALL,
ATTORNET-AT-LAW AND JCSTICR OP PIACI
TOWA - NDA, PA.
plait INStIIANCT. IN IZELIABLI COMPANIES.
011 lee over Dayton's harness store. Nov. 2t. '7B.
TNSUIiANCE AGENCY.
I The ,tollteing
.111...
RELIA43LE AND FIRE TRIED
Companies represented;
Lkxesittity.,rittEstsjuntEodEnen ANTS,
March 16„ 74 - -;. 0. 11. BLACK.
- 1 -411 PA:YNE, D.,
I • -
rursicimi AND SUMMON
Office over MillitSllyen . Stoll!. °Mee hours from 10
to 12, A. M., and from 2 to 4, P.M. Special attention
Flrento direa-ies of tlieF.yr and Kar„-Oct.111,"16-tf.
W. RI AN,
G.
cot„Ty,CPERINTIT.NDENT
0111^o day last Sat aril:ly or raeh niotit h. tivCr Tamer
aort10:08 Drug store, Towautia,
Towanda, June,.2o, 1873.
ELSBREE A; SON,
ATTORNET . F.-AT-LAW,
TOW AN DA, PA:
EC
p .us TINOS
PORTRAITS AND LANDSCA PES
Pithited to Corder Ht any prlre t.; WO.
Oil .Paletliffi itl•,:iimelied, or changes
made :t.s /ler.lred. _ _ .
AN work done In lho i.tylo of tho Art.
.11u11 ANN F. BEN DER.
ToWanda; Pa.. April 18, 1878.
RoGAJ,sI,
Employed with , M. tlendeimaa for therast four
years, begs leave to announce to his frieods and
the .priplie general ly that he has roneve4 to the
Idoston lg 6 Cedt Store, on' deor,rentit of the First
Na!lonal Rank, and apette I,a shop •for the repair
of Watches. Clorks..lewelrY,/tc. All work war
ranted to etre entire Satisfaction. . (Aphid,
W. J. YOUNG,
Arrouttrr-Ata.Avr, •
TOWANDA, PA.
Offiett—necond door reutlf' of the First National
Bank Main St., up cairn.
D,,
A TTO ET-AT-LAW
•
offiee—Ttooros formerly oCcuple/ by Y. M. C. A
It.mdtpg It7om. ; fian.3ll%.
WILLIAMS & ANGLE;
ATTORNETS-AT•I.AW.
OFFlCE.—lrormer!) : occupied Wattin:
Eq.
11. N.-WILLI (0et.17, 17) E. J. A NOLL
T — McPIIERSON,
L.
Anon NES-AT-i. A W,
TOWANDA, PA.
Diet Aft'y Tired. Co
MASON &
ATTORNETA-AT-LAW,
, .
nositn,la,,Y.s..tlffice over Bartlett 'it Tracy, Mata:st..
G. Y.MANo,t. [x9'777 - ATt*IIVI: IIElin:
V I. L. 'HILLIS, '
• ATTOit XF.T-AT-LAW,
TOCFANDA,
F . GOll.
- KT7OnN EY
Street (4 doors north of Ward, (loose). To
watltla,Ta. (April 12, Isn..
VV. ll.' THOMItON, ATTORNEY
• AT LAW, IV VAIXSI Sd. PA. WM attend
t., all lan.lness entrusted to hid earn In Bradford,
i Fulitsast and IN - putt:l,g Counties.. Odic° with Essi.
. Prrtv T. T . [novl9-74.
el L. LAMB,
A TTOIEC ET-AT-LAW,
•
"I
• WILKES-BARRE, PA
, r:ollections ioomptly attended to.
.1 . 011 N W. MIX;
Arrof:NSi.AT-T.AW AND U. S. Coirmlssiomul,
• ToWAN PA., PA.
°lnce—Nona Slilc , Publlc4quaro.
Jan:1,1875.
I)XTIES & CARNOCIIAN,
I A l TiOlt NET R-A24.A3 4 7,
SOUT,I SIVE OF WAID HOUSE
Doe:23-7.5.
'IR. S. M. WO,QDBUftN, Physi=
1 7 etz:van4Surgeort..• OLcc o'er 0. A. Black's
Cn•ck , ry klaro 4
'l'..m.mula, May 3, rari r
ir..
I‘ . { All ILL & CXLIFF,
• ATTOUNSTF-AT-T.AW,
TOWANDA, CA.
fice In \Snars Block., ftrst door 39130 of tlio . Flrst.
si annual hank, np-5t41114 --- ,
H. J. MADILL. if3.16-731y] J. N. CALIFF.
GRIDLEY & PAA'NE,
• ATTOic NEVS-AT-1. A W,
South side Ile retir Block (ronmit.fonnerly occupied
Ito Davles# Caraochau).
TQW ANI)A, PA.
1d417) ,
I=l
JAMES'WOOp,
4
ATTOR!cti-AT•LAW.
TOWANDA, PA.
m clap-78
[I . STREETER,
ATT96
.` , l , FT-AT,L AW,
tOW AS DA. PA.
. .
032
OVERTON & MERCUR;
-
.. 4 , ATTOLUNZTI3-AT-LAW,
1 t TOWANDA, :."
Office cnrer Montanyee Store. fmaySTIS
LoA. OVERTON. RODNEY A. MERCUR,
MAWELL,
• ATTOIINICY•AT-LAW
. TOWANDA, PA.
Ofllce Im . ..epsilon's Store.
A r1.E.12. 1878..
14*ItIC K &40.1 LE,
if 2, ,1
ArtouNtrs-AT-LAW,
TOWA_NDA - , rA.
Ofttee,aln-Bleecors Bh)ek.
A ANb ' REW WILT, Cr •
ATTORNET-AT-LAW.
()bloomer Cron• BoOt. Store, two doom north of
Stevens & Lou;, Towoods, Po, lloy bo coosoltild
lo (Inman. [April 1t _7s:)
OVSRTON i SANDERSON,
. . ATTOIOOLT-AT.LA-W, - - -.
-,-.
TOWANDA, PA. - •
E. 017111RTON, .111. _JOillt F. SANDISSON;
WB. KELLY, Dicrtrurr,Office
• error M. E. Rosenfield's, Towanda, Pa:
Teeth Inserted on-Gold. Saver, Rubber, and AP
amnlnnt base. Teeth extracted without pals.
Oct. 81-72 •
D R. T. B. JOHNSON,
PUTIIICIAX AND BORCIIION.
(Mee over Dr. Porter i Bgn•a Drug Btoro,Totisada.
janl-75tf.
ex 3
FIRST NATIONAL BANK,
CAPITAL PAW IN .123.000
SURPLUS FUND 00,000
Thin Mini offers tinasnal facilities forth* trans.
action of a general banking badness.
JOS. POWEI.t, President.
Feb. it 1678
EAGLE HOTEL,
(FOUTB PUBLIC ISQL , AILL)
Thia well-known hence has been. thoroughly nen
novated and repaired throughout, and the proprie
tor la now prepared to eftcr first-elm seeommoda
done to the public:, on the moat reasonable terms.
E. A. JENNINGS.
Towanda. Pa., May 2, 1876.
IT ENRY ;HOUSE,
TOWApDA, - PA.
CORNEA MAIN A WASHINGTON STREETS
This large comthodlom and elegantly-furnished .
'house has Just keen Opened to the traveling public.
The proprietor has sparod neither pains nor expense
In making Ms hotel tirsbeass In all Its appoint
ments, and respectfully solicits a share of public
patrunage. MEALS AT ALL MOUES. Terms
to suit the tlmes:-.3.atge stable attachttd.
M. HENRY. Pnornurren.
Towanda, June 7, '774 f.
•
TIE CENTRAL HOTEL,
ULSTER.- PA ' •
• The nnderstgned having taken pesseestor
of the above hotel, respectfully sollelts the patron.
sge of his old friends and the public generally.
augl64f. M. A. YOUREST.
SEELEY'S OYSTER BAY AND
EUROPEAN 110 USE.—A few doom sandlot
the Means Bonne. Board by the day or week on
reasonable terms. Warm meals serval at all hours
tlysten, st wholesale and retail. fehPf7.
GREAT BARGAINS I
DEMI=
MERCHANT TAYLOR,
GOODS JUST ARRIVED.
Fine Cheviots, / -
Woreteds, • . i .
Wool Diagonals,.
- and Plaids,
ONERCOATINGS,
7:lib:or Scarfs,
Silk Handkerchiefs,
Colored Hose,
Suspenders, i
Lrode,relollting
From :6 :a5: la alzo.
Efeb.l - 7$
•'-An Inspection of our stock will convince the
must faaildltmv.
FACTS FOR THE PEOPLE
Ennyll-78
TWENTY THOUSAND DOLLARS WORTH
GENTS FURNISI!ING GOODS
July 27,76
AR I Intend to.tnake a change In my business. I
therefore °MT my entire stuck AT COST. , being
the largest and best seloct‘d stock In northern
Penusylrania.
Tow AN DA. PA
Men's Black tip-top Overcoats 0 13.50 and up
Men's tlrst-class Grey Overcoats (4 tr.oo and up
al OM and up
Mena all Wool Su
Iley's Suits for $ y'rs Oland up 515 f3.CO anti up
Aud everything equally as rheur, Including gouts
rurnishing Goods, Itats cud Clips, Ac.
A full line.ot
=I
both for men and anYt. TiIUNKS, VALICIS,
UMBRELLAS, pc., Se.
j1,17-73.i
Business Cs*.
TOWANDA, PA.
11. N. lIETTS, Cashier
(O Tilt zenormAx ruits,)
TOWANDA, PA
Clothitg.
if DOITTRICII,
OppoOte Park, TOW A N DA, PA.
IN
FANCY SUITINGS
PANTALpONS.,,
OVERCOATIINIc.s
In great, variety, made to order, at the
VERY tOWEST PRICE
LACIEL MATALASSE CLOASINGS,
GENTS FURNISHING GOODS,
at reduced prices.
J. DOUTRICII,
Main Stregt, Towanda. Pa.
.1a t efl Oct. 21, 1578. Mitt
$20,0.00
READY-MADE 'CLOTHING,
Hats, Capi, ttc., &c.
TO BE SOLD AT COST,
ETWEEN NOW AND JANUARY 13t, 1873
31 E. ItOSENFIELD'S,
SPECIAL BARGAINS.
The fallowing great bargains are offered:
UNDER EAR
THIS IS NO HUMBUG.
- The above stock must and shall be sold by Jan,
Ist. ISIS. Every one s.honldtake advantage ot the
present lost prices guoted, and buy their winter
supply. •
Yours truly,
11.. E. ROSENFIELD.
Main Street, Towanda, Pt'
Dated .
m EAT MARKET.
MIILLOCK & RIINDELL
Deg ksve to thank the people of TOWANDA, for
their very generous putomsge extended to _them
heretofore, and reswctfully 'Melt a continuance
of the same. We shall at all times keep a full sap
ply of.
TEEM AND SALT MEATS,
FISH AND OYSTERS IN THE SEASON.
We also keep a goal Assortment of
GARDEN VEGETABLES, FRUIT. Re.
airall goods delivered floe of thew.
MULLOCK. a BUXPILL.
Towanda% -raft Sala. lay 3en. lad
. .
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•
goekg.
BAMUMICt.
Acmes the annoy Sold she went,
Who Is mar sovereign;
Oho raid : "Such days were meter meant
To most° In AMII3erII 5P07.7 ••••-• • •
She would not take a singie nay.
Uensingne denying, .
"Cotenimt," she Mid, "and Mani the hay,
Bemuse the run Is shining."
Some pleaded letters; "Why. - you see,
7b malkby tot Golconda l'•
Another.: "W-hen rvo read these Um*
Last pager of iDeronda.'"
Two miscreants who had slyly led
(Straw hats and Dolly linden)
Were captured, lips and Angers rad,
Deep In the kitchen garden.
No pleading was the least excuse,
atm brooked no contradiction;
"The heat you cannot make excuse."
Those letters are a fiction!'
, 'You'rs played lawn tennis half the day,
Than which my work t• cooler
And as, at , last, she got her way.
Oar most.despotic ruler. °
She sat oar stations row by row,
And marshaled us sedately;
` , See, now, this Is the trey to v.
The swathes want turulutstralghtly„
Don't seize your ranks (Ike whips and oars,
14'or dreg them (Imp and lazy."
The haymakers wh drank their ". foisrs,"
In shadow, thought na crazy.
But not nee minutes• work was done,
'Ere defalcations tried her;
Dick's lino and Kite's merged into
And Jack must taste the cider.
While some would loiter, some would play,
And some would rest already—
,` Alas Y' s h e sighed, "for all I say,
I cannot keep you st‘ady." .
Acr• es the field there swept a tide
Of voters tone, and laughter;
She rated her line with boneet pride,
I followed silent after.
We left the others far behind,
O'enneetered by the weather;
And 11uixLed where the rotes bind"
The further hedge together. •
'What mule rue bold? sumo words wo !poke
chance ; or. silence sweeter;
While all the summer rounds awoke;
.And sang In tender metro.
I. only know, my fate essayed,
won/licisweet„ re,lguing;
Nor di /I she blame me that I made '
Hai while the sun was shining;
1 -711 , Argosy.
Mi,cl.llilarro4.
OUR SILVER MOUNTAINS.
One of these mountain ranges,
cooking west to the snow-capped
Sierras, with their zones of black
pines, and gazing at the. glistening
deserts on the cast, split- and torn
with *deep canons, pitted with the
traces of volcanic disease, alike val
ueless to herder or farmer, has be-
come famous the world over, and
has made the nation rich. Other
ranges, still to the east have Von a
lesser fame and smaller wealth.=
Here in this waste and stricken land
and ardong these mountains, are cit.
ies,active populations and vast works;
nature gone mad in stony despair
that woods and fields and smiling
meadows are not;
in spite ofnatuie, and wholly given
up day and night to a more insane
toil, kntiwing no 'Sabbaths, no rest,
no night. The exhaust steam from
hundreds of engines waves its white
banner in sunlight and starlight alike;
the respiration of a giant by day, the
fluttering ghost of toil by night.—
These cities, with every appliance of
modern science—with hotels, thea
tres, water-works, schools, gas mains
and every luxury—have not sprung
.up heie because 'of beauty or conven-.
tiance of the situation. There is no
tiver, - no sea, to bring commerce and
'the arts; no springs of health, nor
even farms. These towns live• and
grow on the most illusive and unsta
ble of foundations. `They were built
on a hope, sad live on expectation.
Their hopss have been realized in a
measure past dreaming or expres
sion. Their expectations may col
lapse in a night. The very founda
tion beneath the houses is shifty and
unstable. The gas mains under the
street bend and snap undergrouns',
for the very mountains groan And
travail because of the greed of men.
Some-day the town will sink into the
grave that lies so deep beneath its
streets, or the people will flee away
to more reasonable lands, leaving 10-'
tels, halls, and dwellings empty in
the wilderness.
All this—these cities, this science
and enginery, this gigantic capital
spent in constructions more singular,
more complicated,-and more effective
than anLrnachinery of a like nature
in the world—has but -one excuse,:
the metal bid in the heart of the
mountains. These men live out their
works and days for a metal at once
the most univeisikl, the most singu
lar in its manifestations,. and the
most useful. These great engines
and vast works are for the winning
of a metal that swims in every. gal
lon of sea water ; that may hang in
visible and dissolved in a glass of
acid • that becomes black at the mer
est glunceof -the sun; that is now
black, now whit.', now a mirror, and
then's picturc---a fit charm to wind
about • the less stable -charms, and
then Wedded to base metals in meni
al duties..,Everyiere silver is found associ
ated with the most common, things,
iron, copper, : sulphur, antimony and
lead. It is spattered Widely over the
world, and is 'Mined in Saxony, Bo
hemia, Hungary and TransylVanta;
at Konigsburo" in Norway • in Spain,
in Mexico, along the Confiners' . in
South. America, and in parts of this
country, notably in Nevada, Califor
nia, Utah, Montana, auil„.Colorado.
THE • ROMANCE OF DEATIL—It is
not a little singular that the Greeks
have scar,,elY ever failed to make the
deaths elf their. literary heroes \as
marvelous as their lives. homer theY
tell us,
, died of a broken heart, be
cause he :could not guess's riddle.
As llorace„,bad been warned by a
witch that a chatterbox would be his
death, so had Homer' been warned
by an oracle that he would be killed
by a riddle. And his day came.
Seeing—or rather hearing, for the
tradition of his blindness is to un
iversal to be discredited—some young
fisherman in a boat, he unfortunately
asked them what sport they had had..
To which they replied: aAs -many
LTOWANDA, BRAD ORD COUNTY,' PA., THURSDAY ' MORNING, JANUARY 16, 1879.
as we caught we left, as ni . as we
• suld not catch we car r ied w .us."
is was too much for the ant . or of
the had, He gUessed and gn. , , ,
till . o could . guess no longer, a. d
final • died of sheer vexation. ..A
conlin _ to Oregory . Nazinxen, Justin
Martyr, • ..d Enstathina, Aristtitl!.
_weak oil in "recisely *the same way,
&Cause he ould not understand a
more interest fig riddle set by nature.
namely, the ease o f
. the ebbing and
flowing of the 11 ripus :"Since," he
indignantly exel 'teed, "1 cannot
conceive the Euiip e, let the Euripus
receive me.". Dlodol.our, the ingen
los inventor of the horned " and
"veiled " sophism, havi g met with
his match in one Stilpo, "caught"
him with another sophism, which be
was unable to solve, went ho e, wrote
a book about; it, and died of • spsir.
THE GREAT PLAGUE IN IA
The great plague In. London i
1665, is thus graphically described
by Eugene Lawrence, in a late num
ber of Barper's Weekly:
Tile hot weather of' July roused
the plague to virulence; in August
it was fearful; in September the her
rom.of it surpass belief., It first ap- .
geared with a tumor on th 3 brest or
under the arm, hard, painful, horrible
—the plague-spot. The physicians.
when they saw the fearful omen,
would cry, " Lift up-your eyes to
God 1" In a few hours it was fatal.
Sometimes the patients sunk under
a raging fever, headache; sometimes
faded away in a swift decline almost
painless,; some hanged: themselves to
escape it ; some were 'seized , in the
streets, and died beftire they could
reach their own doors. In Septim
ber 8,000 persons , died weekly, and
GO,OOO, it was believed, were effeCted.
'The. Lord Mayor - of the city, his
sheriffs and aldermen, - remained
bravely at their post; they Aid .all
that men could_ do. They ordered,
when too late; the streets to be puri
fied-; ftmeralsor rather. burials—
were only to betformed at night;
there was no tolli or no out
'ward
_Ceremonial: lut at night the
fatal Cart began. its (Alm's, and at
every infected house the cry was
heard: " Bring out your dead l"
They were thrown together in. huge
piles; in the church-yards deep pits
were dug, and here by the gleam, of
torches the bodies • *ere thrown in
and lightly covered with earth. Every
house that was infected was isolated;
a watchman *stood at the entrance ;
no one was suffered to go in or out
exeert the physician i • upon the, door
was placers - large red cross inscrib
ed: " Lord, have mercy upon us."
They might well cry for mercy. The
air seemed tainted ; grass grew in the
once crowded streets; the trade of
the-great capital was lost; the ships
hung idly in the - Thames; the miser
able poor died by thousands, and
saved the city from feeding them,
which it had never failed to do. The
recreant -king and court might fly
from the scene of duty. but the city
officials showed no trace of fear. The
Mayor was oonstantly in the streets;
even the constables and watchmhn
Were seldom at rest; many of, them
died. Day and night at last, an ob
server relates, the labor of burial
went on. Saneroft, dean of St. Panl's
had fled to Tunbridge; his canons
remained, and some of their, lettera
to the dean exist—the 'cry of
utter despair.
Whole streets of houses were shut
up and abandoned; men fled from •
each other when they met; the money
paid to the butcher ._or baker' was
fumigated; thieves wandered through
the - deserted shops and dwellings,and
sometimes d!ed" there. Fearful. tales
were told of nurses who smothered
and robbed their patients; of deeds
of horror that were never punished;
of the infected who ran shrieking
thrOugh the. streets, and fell dead;
of homes where all bad died together.
August, September pasied on with
ever-growing horrorS; in November
the colder weather seemed to check
the.disease, and many who came back
too hastily were infected - and died.
At last, in December, the great de- .
livemnee came ;_ the pestilence, bad'
ceased. A 'wild, a fearful joy, spread
over the afflicted city; . its ' peopled
came back .once more-to the desoliat-I
• ed scene;. maddened with a'straneel
exhilaration. Those WhO survivedi
were crazed with the Joy, of livi ng. Once more the greatfay was throng-J.
ed with • the rich, busy, gay; • the
court and king . came back; • a rigid '
law was passed to palish Dissenters;
the revels and, crimes of Whitehall
began . again ; "but nothing rte's donc
by court or king to , prevent the re
i
turn of that which had so reCentl3l,
- passed a way. ' . • • I
OLIVE& WENDELL MUTES: - Tl'
true girl has to. be sought, fur. 'She.
does not parade herself as Elbow good a.'
She is not fashionable. .Generally she
is not rich. ' But, oh 1 what a heart,
she-has when you find her Iso large
and pure and womanly.. When yon
see it you Wooder if these shoivy
things outside were women. ".• If you
gain her love your two thousand arfi
millions. ,not ask you. for a
carriage or a first Class hOuse., Shell
wear simple dresies, • and turn theda'
when necessary; with -n6 ,vulgnr
magnificent to frown upon her ecot
my. She'll keep everything neat anti
nice in your sky parlor, and give yon
such a AveleemeWhen you come home
that you'll think, our parlor higher
than ever.' She'll, entertain Ude
friends on a dollar; and astonish yOu.
'with the • new „thought how litttle.
happiness depends on
-money. Shell
*make you love home (if . you don't
you're a brute), and
. teach you bow
to pity, while -you • scorn a pocir,
fashionable society that thinks itself
rich; and vainly -tries to think itself
happy.
Now, do not, I pray you, say any
more. "I can't afford to mary," Go
find the true Woman,. and you. can.
Throw *way that cigar, burn up that
Switch cane r be sensible yoursef t and
seek your .wife in a sensible way. .
IT is a good thing to belong ti) the fam
ily of a godly man -; it is safe and comfort
able to dwell under such a shadow.
Tamehorotrges that the average boy.
learns to use tobacco by practicing with
cigar stumps which have been thrown
away by his father or by some minister
visiting the house; ,
MMARDLIM OF DENUNTION =OK Al 7 QUIVER:
- • L oy
GOVERNOR',T r .
Reads efore themeatur Jo t & 8, 1879.
Genf trims IV the Bowie and Roiled of Represeil
taPPO 1 • •
a the Snit Legislatere 'holding a biennial sea
id... you will hare many dllnentt andidelleate nat.
to toadjust. As all the , existing legislation has
been • din view of annual sesstobs„ It will be
a to make a carotid examination of the vs;
dons is a regulating the Departments, and partic
ularly th concerning the management of Snits-
Mal alai Without, attempting a specillattion of
all the eh s rendered necessary by the new sn
eers\
tem, It will se sufficient, as an indication of the
importance o lifework. to point out, that, unless
en amendmen .nt the law requiring !the votes for
State Treasurer tp be counted as the rotes for Ocrv
crone aro nowcormted, Is passed, sal extra peseta
of the L. gislatnre` tbe called in late for that
purpose alone, at ve ry considerable expense.
Many reports that now anunalli required can
probably be dispen with , and many changes
iktortine
made which will the expenseland simplify
the opemtlons of the De nts. The new Con
stitution du hithertO, lb ilarransition stale, added
largely to the expenses ofernment, but th e pis.
dad has now arrived - when t e neoute should begin
0% f
\1
to profi t by the reduced coat its Menhir opera-
Gen. Ido hot doubt that y re work work will be done)
with conscientious fidelity, and our .conalituenta
realize, for the nest two years, niftier wife and Itt-•
dlelens laws, the full benefits of ti ke - itew order of
things.
During the year. the peace of the tate has been
unbroken': tiff epidemics have imps red the usual_
• faith of the people, and . the earth lies yielded her
eats without decrease. We Sill WO lathe
of bard times, and the giant lodustri7d e Coe l
i t s,
au are yet 'slumbering restlessly ; but, every=
wee th e stir of awakening confidence bet kens
the be ening of a more prusporous day. lII'
ni
there cl 'ustances, it. Is gratifying to be abl to
inform that while it may be necessary, to
dime the meets on the dent; to nearly the C
teltutitinal I it. for a year or two;the sources of
revenue need of be extended or Increased. .
- • ' WM Altera. '• .
The revenuetoT e sinking fund have teen suf
ficient to say all In meat during due the past year,
to redeem over • m l l l , on of the public debt, and to
leave a fair balance t meet the February interest
of this year. The *rev nues of the general fund,
being !cry much less t . n was anticipated, and as
there wits no power•-to a ly the large amount In
the sinking fund used to • ieni• the debt in ex ,
cosi of the Constitutional a ount to the General
Fund. the. State • Treasnrer as unable to meet,
promptly, all the demands m 0 upon him. The
following tables will show, h never, that with
',rupee cconnmi In appropriation and a diversion
of surplus revenues from the sink ng fund to the
general fund, both therappropriali.• aof last yeas
unpaid, and the espeqses of the ti t two years
can bnuiet without remit to audit lona taxation.
I •.,• , •
TOTA4 RECILIPTB ANI) DISBURgI6IIINT. DIIIIINU
' riBcsi. Titan mum s° nov•inisa. 30, : 8.
- . ' Receipts. , . •
italince In Treasury, Nov. 30, 15n....42 183,0 , 87
CI neral Fond , 3 057.ssi "
iinklug Fund
Ord!nag expenses
Luang redeemed...
Interest on loans.. ,
Premium on gold
Turnpike nod railed stlr.
Balance In treas. Nov. 50,1878 it,trtt,ljAt
r!.tra.tc._menr. • 4-
Oirer due loans, upcin whlch Interest' •
has been stopped and not presented
for payment t 111843 28
Itelermable loans of flee and sl x per
cent., upon which Interest La, Leon
stopped and not presented for pay.:
ment
Slx per cent. pay ante In 1875
Fire per cent. payable in 1882
Four snit one-halt per' cent. payable:
• in 184
Sl per cent. redeemable In 1817 a-41
payable In 188'
Tire per cent. redeemable In Ist; and
payable In 1982 90 400 GO
Six per cent., redeemable lul= and
payable In 1892 9,271450 00
Five per cent redeemable In 1882 and
payable : ln I/192 . • 72,90 00
live per Cent redeemable in 184 and i
payable In 1902 8,000,000 00
Six• per cent. agricultural, payable In
194 . 500,000,00
Relief motes lu clrenlation49o,lB7 CO 1
Interest certificates nut- •
standing,. 11.018 54
Interest certificatta-uncla'd 4,448 34
I
..
Domestic creditors ce l rtlla 25-00
Chainbersburg eertra we- I
claimed
11,87.11 Sti
- -
Total debt, Dee.l„ !V&
umrix wamoz ".
<
Matiunements.
:-....01.362.170 03
1.00.4,103 43 •
1,.412.108 33
. 1.057 70
DO
-- 6,433,033 SO
Total debt Dec., ins
Pennsylvania Railroad
bond., representing an
Indebtedness Jan. 31,
1573, of •4.110.2893
Allegheny - Valley Rail
road bonds 3,100,003 00
Balance In Sinking Fund
Nur. 30, Ina
958,630 83
8.54,699. la
ndcbtedneis unprovlded for I i11,3i0,731 00
staimm rust?. 1 .
Receipts and payments for &ail year , , endlug
'ovember 30, led: 1
Receipts.
Balance In fond. November 30, 1877.. 44705,01 . 4 87
Corporation stock tax. 8'.9 .853 75
Allegheny Valley It. R. Co. (interest 1
on bonds„) ' ~..... 160 000 oo
Allegheny Valley it. It. Co., (lands re
deemed.)
tOo,OOO 00
Pennsylvania It. R. Co., (Commutatlon
tax . ; --' '..., ioo,ooo oo'
- I' utnplko AA plank road ,stdcts, (sold 1
under act Jaa. 13, 1878,) 1 6,902 30
-i .
286. '3,010,141 01
Paprien s. i
&per cent. bonds redeemed 638 30 1 '
6 tier cent. bonds redeemed. '703,518 16 1 -
'tette( notes 1 700
. .
711' amt debt erd'm'd.l 01117 ,
Prrmluma on gold ler pay -t • , •
maul of ibtrreSt . 1
LOU 70 '
Int. p'd on public debt-1193,2Z 10 •
Int. p'd on debt redeemed. 7,301 32
lot. 01 Agric'l College.... 30,000 00
Expense-a, sale Of turnppte
m [
•
mock • ' , ' 101 00 ' ,
Int. paid, on chambersbarg , . i
eerptleatee -
1 ' 060
-------,2001,910 12
Del. In Sinking Fund, IN 0v.30, 1873 11912,630 88
,LBTIKATJUS SZCZIPTS. /Oct TII6 TILAIi VIDING
zroVnitiali, Ural
Balance Nov. 20, ICS 2238,630 1113
Tax on corporation tax , 1,N60,000 00
Pennsylvahla 11 9 1 rd cominilation tax. 460,000 00
Allegheny Valley railroad bond ;100.000 00
Allesheny Valley railroad Interest.... , 195.000 00
•----
'Ped.al rieelpts • ...4 '
12,9/3440 iS
Estimated payments, inter. . .
est .41,120,000 00 '
Inclined Plane loan, dud 1 '
April 10, I9TO I 400,000 00
Over dud and caned hians:i., 175.593,28 .
~ • • 1-- 1,722,193 28
—:.---
Surpina' Ncnr. 20, 1879 ' y 11,188A37 60
OINZIIALi TUND
Receipts during fiscal .ye Curling Nov. 30, 1878.
Bal. its fund Nov. 70, .......
.11451.715 SO
licirende $,937,8111 83
' Total receipts
Payments
13a1. Nov. 80, 1578
Estlinatd Iteculpts for.'wear ending Nov. 1879.
Ital. Nov. 1.10, 1578 • 350,488 38
Estimated revenue 1879 (sdate Treas.). 8,393,000 00
Total -available to6ll L
143411,1166 06
Ettimate .cipelISCS for 14.51.ikucluding
nupatil srproprla f • tons. (pita° Treas.) 5.618.547
•
E'sttinated denClt In Genej'al Fund.
• 92 173,060 97
ItWill be seen by a examination of the Sinking
Fund, that after the redemption of the flue,bee
loan due next Apt II; and pal nicht of. the over due
and call loans, and the paytuent:all mi a Interest on
the piddle debt, there will he a zur nt over one
million dollars at the close of th Year 1879. The
Vonstltutlotorequires an annual reductieu of the
•public debt of nut leis than 040.000. The payment
of the inclined plane limn wbuld lie ~130.000 In ex
cess of the Constitutional. requirement. There is;
'therefore, no good reason rwhy_the Legislature
shoal,' not permit the n191:I Fund Commissioners
to divert all 'that they War and necessary to the
General Fund, atter . . thus tilling tho provisions
of the Constitution. • AndOntleeti, there does not
seem to be any serioni objection to paninga gen
eral law giving the Slnkingl Fund Conunisslt.tiers
authority, after laying the Interest on the public
debt, and redeeming theprlncipal required by the
Constitution, to divert. the balance of the revenue
which would otherwlie go Into the'Sinklng rand
by legislation, to the payment of the debt or to' ,
general expenses, as the exigencies of the State's
ffnances may require. The present rigid method
is very Inconvenient, espeelidy In times when the
revenues naturally dorrease , obliging the Commis
sioners to ledeetit the loans of the Cummonwealth,
i ivh , n legitimate claims presented at the counter of
' the general Treasury lave to be put ult. The esti
mated delicieney'ln the Geberal Fund at the elm
of the present fiscal year, Including the unpaid ap
propriations; will be ,24710110 11. The revenues
of the General redid for WA have fallen below the
Nov. 30, 1877
revenues of lin7 some 0600,1/00, and 100 estimated
revenues of StaB ere gvisto,ooo bonne the same stan
dard,' making altogether for the two' years. In
which the denciencieri mill have prinelp.ily Aiwa
' mutated, a idling off of the revenues of Ili„500.000..
'Ai this extraordinary decrease could scarcely have
been anticipated. but $ 4.1,0e0 or the deficit can be
laid to the extraordinary appropriations required
misccount of the Insane limplais for the South
Eastern dire Met and at War ren,the buildi-g of the
new Western and Eastern Penitentiaries, the Jet-
final: Medical C:olirge. the State Agrtcaltn•al Cot.
lage..and the tap . et .claims fur the riots of
lei?, amounting allogether to 11.673.000. It must
also ba considered that this .dacit Is estimated
upon' the gross amounts 'appropriated, and that
considerable rams tall. be covered huh Into the
treasury. As for Instance, the apPloprlatlons to
pay for suppressing the riots of 1677 were f 710,000,
and the amount paid. with almost all claims _ now
settled and.pald, is 01011' Si. So that It Is asfe
to assume that 11011,000 of this appropriation will
ace be required.
BO it is 6ailitate:7 to the homers that this
deficit Stan be made up In the pert two years with
out additional Wades. In the two yearn of 1879
and lea., there earn be diverted-from the Sinking
Vend revenues the sum of '11,800,000-11,000.000 In
1879 and 15011,900 In laid—and still leave enough in
the fund to pay the interest and redeem 1500.000 of
the public bans each year, which Is double the
amount requited by the Constitution. In ISSN as
there Rill be no Sendoll of the Legislature. the
Treasury will beasticast ;Immo which is usual-.
Iv appropriated to that expense, to apply to the
payment of the Wham* of the deficit. .lint the
revenues foe the two Ilexes' have been estimated
much below the mounts that may reasonably be
expected. By a vigorous' enforeement of the tax
laws, the revenues foritidayear ought to betarge• l
ly trtereasedl over those of lad yea thus still
farther relieve the treasury Oind I d o w
ny see why
we may not reasonibly expect *moderate improve
ment, from. - year to year. In the, revenues of/ the
State. 1( we count the tax on corporations only at
what It was lut leaf, which was tety low, the rev
enues ;wilt be threaded, for the. two psi% by
about .100,000 or. mote than enough to corer the re-,
mainder of the deficiency. To de tiatt'however. It
will bei necessary to extend the paymentof most of
the appropriations over the two years, add rigidly
keep ,the eppropdations for 1879 and Istemitbin,
the liMits of the estimates. Taking the two \years
together. (and herekfter the' estimates and appro.
Wallops must be made for two years.) It is be.
lievertibe seventies will .. be sufficient to meet all
eanest/tea and redeem, by th e end of 1888 ; about 11,-
1dt:000ot the public debt, and the State 'will then
be bib to commence Nal without a deficit.
The. change In the law, recommended In the
message of 1577,1 by which the tax on railroads was
changed from all tax on dividends to patter/ divid
endi and part on vas receipts, has proved very
beneficial in the present depresdon. Without this
change the State would have received troM two to
three hundred thousand donors less by reason of
these lemmata declaring small dividends. The
Your leading werporatlon* the Pennsylvania, the
Lehigh Valley, the Philadelphia and Iteadinthand
the Delaware. Lackawanna and Western railroads,.
have paid the State ender the ace of 1877,1608,315.
te. while uuderj the old Lim they would have pal 4
only 1111,615 II; showing an tunas of 1164, 800 lir
in favor of the law of WI. Many corporations;
have declared divideads just under six per cent.,"
and made appeasements which have been accepted
much below the market salueot stock, as measured
\ irc ik the dividends declared. , If they Could be 'p
oraised at the raids indicated by the dividends de
c red, the reeetunder the law, would be still
furtherin . '
r _
111rI21011itAttiin AND V I courAxiir.
1 .
My vi Ws upon the 'subject of savings b a n kshay.
lug been al ly laid before you. In former messages,
t\
la:me ly renew the re commendation far such
am s wilt adequately protect the deposi
tors of inch standees, by drawing and maintain
ing destine 1 w ren inalline&S 'enterprise' rind Ada
elary relations. Last year, loconneJtion herewith
I took occasion tenditid th e creation of - a
ill \
hank department, 'd the appointuseut of a bank
\..,
examiner. A bill that eff ect was introdueed at
the last session, and d the Berate, tint failed
In the Muse. I amiti , l, convinced of the advisa
bility et sued a depart ens. +The total number of
banks reporting to the \ Auditor General, in 1871 4
was one hundred and seventeen, with r.. 3,400 , 0 0 a
on depodt. Of these. seventy.nine are represented
.as savings banks and trust ciampanies,with $ l6„190.-
000 of deposits. Since that yea,r, the official records
chow the 'failure or suspension\fit tbirtv-one testi.
tutiona, whose deposits aggr egated 1a,Z10,000.
Eighteen of these suspended. baste were to.called
eating.; bank; with deposits amounting to 16.6:,6-
000. It isjisigniticalit fact. that atnt i .6o per cent-
Ir 4400,00 of the deposits of the ghteen bro
k n ravings tanks. was invested In dl ants upon
nary imams ;paper. These figure Will eon-
L
Tin yen, I think, of the importance_o_f:l7_ing
the l ie between the two classes of Institution*
and c
close of
COIII3NI
=EI
.7,676,464 si
desperat
posltors
The
ho 11.1
irenorM
form 0
cheek
dkcl ,
1310 1 60 00
4 , 0.000"00
1103,000 00
IMES
13:0111
ELM
37,000 00
=I
FRI
2.110,000 00
The
5, 1874
dutlee.
are Lel
while
tallA,
pane
!Mt
=2
Erem
the may i r over thg exeMitive de . pat
eomplet separnilatt of the etecutive and leglelas
the functions. de:entity, The necessity of provid-
lug fur pai annual tax rate to cover all annual appro.
priai ion* Mot tee prohibition • of any expenditure
fur any purpose over the amounts specifically ap•
proprlated. Tho *btelute,denial or limit
atin °tthe powers to mate debts.
The New York commission, appointed In ISTS; to
devise a ipian for the government of cities. arrived
at, substantially, the same conclusions,. ',bleb are
illma stated in their ?emit. •
"A - chief eXecutive officer, clothed With the au
thority of general supervision, .and •with the un
fettered power to appoint the other principal esec-
Ohms= es
I
Mire officers, except those two, (the chief financial
and the chief law oflicerii whase.duties immediate
ly affectl the matter of the pubild expenditures, and
with thd power of removil.subject, however, to the
approval of the Governor."
"The 'determination in each,year of the sum of
money requisite to be expended for all objects and
purposes, and whatpart thereof is to be raised by
taxation and the leveying of the latter sum. The
appropriation, at the same time, of the s wbolesum
to be expended to the several objects and purposes.
The prohibition of any expenditure 'beyond the
sum appropria.cd, by mating all contracts or en
gagements It excess thereof
"A further eatoreement of 1 maxim •pay as
you go,• by a prohibition against borrowing money
or incurring debt, except under certain specified
condltiorA,mot nett Manse often."
Theo* fundamental principles arrived at by the
independent labors of two eminent commiasions,
are essentially endorsed by the leading Citizens of
all claems and parties, and may, I think, be Confi
dently accepted as the correct basis of a plan of
municipal government. There will, of course, be
differneee of opinion as to the , means and Buttne
r: by which these acknowledged principles of mitt
nicipaquernment are most effectively to be pot
into operation, but it is evident that If we emit
upon the expectation of harmonising all dither:f
etes and debating endless theories, the calamities
we seek to avert will be upon us in tee midst of
the discussion. As the commissionjusily observe:
"If time and experience should develope defects,
they can easily be supplied - by future legislation.
and 'we feel assured-that the benefit resulting from
tho adoption of the s system we ptorre, will amply
compensate for any mistake or omission:ln mere
matters of detail, which are of minor importante.r
Admitting , fully all that the commission say as'
to the difficulty and - delicacy of repeallugall the
leglilation upon-the statute books referring to mu
nicipalities. t am still of the opinion that no per
maaent reform - can justly. be expected, witile
these loop-holes of escape from the puts one of a
general ptin exist, and I deem it of primary Me
portaace, at any risk, that this accumulation of
specie! legislation should be swept awiy. and Me
rights vested thereunder be put, If possible, with
oht notrafeit and lasting injustice in the way of
merging into general system. There is much force
In objection to the minoritory report, that "The
bill proposed does not specifically repeal any law,",
and that "It is but one more added to the maniere
um acts guverning'our cities," and it Is very doubt
ful whether section twanty-seven of the shedule,of
the bill, which provides that "The -councils of ex
isting cities shall, within the approval of this act,
designate by ordinance, such of the special acts of
Assembly, or parts thereof In force, and not incon
sistent herewith. as they seicrelly- desire to retain
in their respective titles, and all acts-not so desig
nated, shall lie, and the same are hereby repealed
from and after the approval of such ordinance,"
will load to any practical results. It" is barely
possible that what the commission-hesitated to un
dertake will be eatistaeterity performed by the
cities' Councils.
But oven this objection, of whit9ver force it may
be, ought not to deter you from-the passage of the
act. qf In the practical • operation of the act, - ob
noxious special legislation should 'still- survive, or
be revived, it Is something which ex perionee alone,
perhaps, can prove, and wiii still Le In the poll ,
ere! the Legislature, when its pernicious influence
shall have ismn clearly demonstrated, to repeal it;
or bring it Into harmony with the improved sys
tem.
I' regret, also; the supposed necessity-of-retaining
end extending themlassin et:Berl - et - titles; the te3-
sons in support thereof seem to me rather:maid
dohs than wand. From an extmlualion of the
previsions pf the bill; I think that but _little diffi
culty er inconvenience will be found In adopting
its machinery uniformity to all classes, of cities.
The email it of several classes, containing but a
singe city': ace, subjects the system and the tax
payers to the dangers of the ntost injorlouttspreial
legislation. To avoid the evils of such icgisbetion,
the commission propose an amendment to the
Constitutton, that the General Assembly sietll pass
no lawn retailing to . the Affairs of any elms which
t,
embraces but, vile city, "unless upon application
made by joint resolution of the;mounclie thereof,
passed by the votes of twothirds of alt the mem
bete elected to each branch, recorded by yeas and
nays, and approved. by the mayor." But If it be
thought necessary, to , make a distinction bettreen
large and smart clew% the trouble of pasiing such ,
'an amendment edit be obviated, and every practic
al requirement filled, and the evils of special lees,
baton, In a great measure, be avoided, by dividing
tha cities ot the State into two classes—those con
taining one hundred thousand inhabitants or over
to constitute one class, and ail with a population of
less than one hundred thousand, the other.
In conclusion. 1 hope, the. bill will be eagerly .
brought forward - for discussion :and finally piss
ed substantially as It la ; not for the govern
ment of all the cities of. the Commonwealth, at
least-for, all cities containing one hundred thou-
ski 4 Inhabitants orover, or them which now mutt-
luta the first and second 'classes. As applied to
those cities; I think the leading principles of the
bill, before referred cos will meet the general and, ;
trimtudided indorument _of the citizens and tax
payers; and Its machinery and operation be greatly
better thee the pee-ent organization. -
The management of the smaller cities Is goner-.,
ally More'ecumontical. Ind judicious than the ad
ministration of the larger Imes, and, perhaps, the
only. change needed in the code of 1871, to adapt it
hiperfectly to they government, lb th e absolute pro
bition of tho power to borrow money for any pur
mse whatever, in order that councinthn may_aet
he tempted to get a cheap reputation for economy
at Ira esperuie of posterity, by willfully levying a
tax rate manifestly too small to cover the neces
sary expenditanes then . appropriated, without re
terms* thereto.: leaving every year a largo deficit
In the shape of a floating debt, to be finally added
to the bonded Indebtedness.
:The evilsWhichthis bill is Intended to'conect ein-'
Not long Continue without the most deptorattie con
sequences, and the million and a quarter eltizes of
the Commonwealth lie looking anxiously to the
Legislature for relief (tom the abuses and dangers
which they are tumble 'themselves to reform or
escape under the present system of municipal gov
ernment. •
•;:•••!+ .6,412,617 31
v • 4,35:4170 95
150,486 38
ZDUCATION.
On' the .object of general ohication, I shalt
merely,reposi my concurrence with the rtews7t
. /
the Superintendent of Public lusts=lion. and . itt.
dans his request for 'revision and digest of the
school laws, tbo passage of an set for the comp*.
sagettueatten of vagrant tad friendless children,
and the adoption of a system of Induffirial training.
Theme prepared ti y the Superintendent of Pub
lic Instruction for the education and support of
t and friendless children, la In accordance
. ; l iti lig rthe recommendation of that officer in his re-
Porte( DM,
.and with the views expressed. from 1
time to time, by the present Administration. Al
though
It has beau published and discussed as "A
penneybranta plan of compulsory education."'"an
examination of its provisions will show that It Is
heat defined by Its title as "An act to provide eds.
nation and maintenance for destitute and neglect
ed children," its main object being to compel the
local authorities to provide shelter, food and cloth
ing for and to educate, employ, and sptentice cbg-
Oren without parents or friends, and these whom
.'rents or guardians, either through poverty or
crime, habitually neglect. In. the latter 'pule, If
the parents or guardians are.pecuniarlly Mlle, they
play be lined and compelled to give reasonable se
curity for the future support and edueatiOn of the
`child, or to pay part, or all, as able, of the expense
Of its polite - maintenance.. I cannot see any tend
ohjection to the passage of such a Dili Most of
thole whoa; the plan inctudes.will bb homeless and
parentless children, and, surely, no one will deny
their claim to the home the bill provides. The few_
Others Who come within its scope will be found, for
the most•part, of vicious and criminal parentage,
I shall notdebate the natural rights of individuals
In the patents' trelatlons, since I am.,for my own
part, firmly \ pefffitadffil that the social rights of
Malta end with the rights to tilitnitably prop:gate
beggars and criminals, and stop short of the privil
ege to educate them.
On the subject of industrial and technical
rge train
ing. I wish
la only to Tali your', attention .to its retie ,
ion bilbe r uesti. As the frontiers:.
of tiviliestion recede labor ;th q e dP on effity of transferring
the surplus population of one tither centre Is yearly
Increasing. Our. mining and manufacturing dite
triets are Consequently Crowded with capital and
labor. which the present riliversittes of industries
Cannot absorb. The natural spread of-population
tends. In a measure, to restore the equilibrium; but
the period of growth Is probably reached, when it
Is necessary to find employment \ for the increseing•
population. Nothing, It seems tome, will so much
extend the sphere of activity as isystem of indus
trial educatsoq, .
Such • system would be costly, an the return to
the State, 'tithe extension and effivatien of its In
dustries, and the diffusion of greater comfort and
content among the people. minuet be accurately
measured in dollars and recant, That thematerial
gain In the increase of the value of Manufacturers,
and the decrease In the cost of Maintaining , order,
-would-balance the original outlay, and the arthaal
appropriations necessary to establish and support
the etatem. is Probably too much to assertor ex
pect. But when we consider, that In the lasteight
years the State has expended Iffill,eos oves' and
above th e 'ordinary militia expenses, Ilk' the sets- .
presaion of riot', which are not to be co itierod'as I
the results of au iltuithatly tattles' dispotition; but
rather as the desperate struggles of ignorant men
to:cot the Gentian knot of a difficulty that only the
earnest skill and patience will ever enable society I
to untie. it will be acknowledged that the_gain,.in
that ace Itemon
ate, would go a considerable way
toward the Ruppert of the num.
Confining the - problem to, Pennsylvania, it does
not seem possible to adopt any quicker or better
measure than to increase the value and variety of
production, and improve the bread-winning powers
of the laborer. In otl.er words, 'to diffuse the,
technical and artistic knowledge which - increase .
the rapidity and beauty, and thereby decreases,
the cost and. widens the market of manufactund
articles, and. to foster the intelligent cooperation
' of laborers, among themselves and with capital. so
as to utilize to the best adtantage the class wages. j
For there le a skill in living quite as important as
a skill ineanting. And probably there Is nothing
.'the American people arc more In need of learning.
Such appears to rue to be paramount reason fora ,
system of industrial andtechnical training. I 4411-
not again present the system, which. wan outlined
c •t
' last year„but I hope the subject will receive , at
your bands the consideration that it merits.
In this connection, as a preparation for the work,
\\\.e
I would be well to continue your patronage to the
Pc\ insylvania Museum and School of initustriel
I Art, and make some provision for the exhibition'
and p eervation of the valuable scietine library
and co ections of the Second Geographical Survey,
• .
. .
The gees 'qnestion of the day, is the scecalled
conflict of ftal and labor. While we. need not
.4inintge In th Weeny forebodings. concerning its
outcome, It la ertalnly a matter that statesmen
and lrgtslato rs c not safely Ignore. All the labor
Communities of t
fli fil world hare passed through
precisely the same turbulent areer of strikes,
riots, outrages, and urdens, which have excited
.so much alarm in Pennsylvania. Occurring In
11l t industrial comet lty and tinder every form
of government. they can ot-be regarded as mean
clng partiCularly republic institutions, nor 13 the
cause to be looked for in nr political orgaidaa
flia
Mons. But the direct and 1 irect losses and mis
eries they entail upon the co mnuity , demand a
patient luvestigation - of the. uses and an honest
I
zzio
attempt at re-adjustment. As entioned above,
the State has paid Ofr the sup mien of labor
utiles an average of over ! to annually for
th past eight years, and even a offinal examine ,
'no of the ann. - -- - - ere I .a'
grow g frt.- - el. lo-
tenet., e' !am
in MK
Joss, to
been v.
been e
class I
and ht
way n
lions.
4 , 4111
detee
these
same
the al
unite
Engl
nal el
ity WI
of lir
paid
murt
engo
was
mad
or th
bent-.
'abet
It'prell,
suppose -......._--....... toe . dingle,-
kept the coal regions le a state of turmoil, nin,
have been amicably adjusted, and many of rhos ,,
who were assassinated and of those who have be.
hanged, 'living to-day, If spared in the ordinary
course of nature, the life of the average citizen
with all its undeveloped possibilities of good and
evil.
Under these circumstances It becomes a highly
Important question whether the policy of the re
pression is the best remedy that the wisdom and
I humanity of the age can 'devise. It must eventu
. any prove •-failure in the United States. Under
our political Institutions tee best way to promote
the spread of commqntstie ideas is to hedge pion
erty with bayonets. In the long run, the policy of
elevatieu_la safer and cheaper than the pulley of
Tepee - aeon: Frnhebly - tio modal movements are gee
: *rued so little by considerations of Interest or more
hy mere sentiment and paselon than strikes and
I their attendant saltation,. afrikes are precipitat
. ed without refeeence to condition* or prospects of
trade or market, and obstinately prolonged after.
• all hope of success has vanished. Indeed the chief'
I obotiele to any re-adjustment of the relations ,ef
capital and tabor Is a sentimental antagonism and
nnreasouing jealousy. It is this which 'prevents a
matted uederstandlng and Minute-die of interests
and Motives. now much the action of . the Leads
lateral= do to establish better relations is some
thing that:can best be learned raga past and fu
. ture eepertence. It Is certain, however, that to be
wholly effectite arbitration of disputed pointe must
I be voluneiry, and possibly ail (bat the Legislature.
can do Is to prepare the way for seen a system by
disseminating information of its formation. opera
tion, and advantages, and enacting a simple code
asa model for voluntary arbitration.
• In Engirind, the system of arbitration and conell
let lampriglnated with the manufacturers and op-'
entail% which has changed, where ever fairly
tried, the old feeling of. bitter hostility between
the employers and the employed, Into one of mutu
al
respect and' and confidence. -With the same '
Mies in reemsylvania, lies the responsibility of the
initiative; with the Legislature, the responsibility.
of education. • •
Deeply Impressed with the importance of bring:
tag about: If possible, a nintual understanding of
the two classes, and creating en :manger/lent for
the amlcallie and rational settlement •of all ills
pulpit and controversies, I gladly availed m yself. In
the early part of the Tear, of the services of a gen
tleman. a student of Industrial questions, who vis
ited , Encland to investigate the form, practical
workings, and tha results of the various systemeof
arbitratioa lu operation there,-end commissioned
bite a special agent, under the seal of the State, to.
examine and report the same on behalf of the C. ns
monwealth. Ills report, which is the fullest, clear
est, and most satffifactory presentation of the sub
ject I have ever seen, I have the honor to transmit
herewith, and I would respectfully suggest that its
wide publication, and especially among - the labor
ing classes, will do much to produca • the accurate
knowledge, and the unprejudiced, and rational
views of the subject, out-of which arbitration
must, eventually, grow.
I have refrained from any discussion of the sys
tem• which is elaborately preseuted lu the report,
and. , confined myself to urging its necessity. I shall
.close simply by atoning its results. Whefever .
established, au intelligent cooperation between
employers and employed has been effected and
steady employment secured at those rates of wages,
which the ludnierlal conditions of a competitive
market enabled capital to pay, and maintalts_a stea
dy production, strikes, riots, outrages, 'MT trades .
union murders have become things of the past.. In
prosperous times labor has shared in -the increased
'fronts of capital, and in periods of depression each
has mutually supported the other with the mini
mum of loss aed . sufferiug. ,
-
•
AlitiTtlATtON.
PENAL, ItZFOIIXATOUT, AND ILEEDOSTNART
INSTITUTIONS. •
1 . •
• / 4
The reports of the Board of Public EbdePlea and
of the Inspectors and superintendents, will present
to you the generally satisfactory conditiOn ,ot the
-various penal. reformatory and'eleemosyOry Insti
tutions of the - State„ . Since the formation of the
Board. In 1869, great reforms' have been intro
duced In the public institutions coming t muterits .
supervision, and - the, wisdom; of Its creition
been shown by a more -effective and economical
use of public moneys, and sr/marked Improvement
in the care of the defective and criminal- classes.
During the year. the Board met with the loss of
two of its members. • 14 / 11175; upon the resignation
of Mr. Harrison, the Honorable G. Dawson Cola
man became a member of the Board, and up to the
limo of his death, myth° nintl. day of Sep:coiner.
1079, gave to Its work the valuable ossistance of his
broad and liberal views, wide experience, and ma
ture lodgment. On the First day of January, 1979,
.the lionosable Francis Welts, severed his con.nec•
tlopa with the; Board. For over five years,'-Mr.
Wells has tattered in the Cause of public charity.
'with a seal andlutelliginee which have *a partial
reward In the satisfaction for great Improvements
he has assisted to make, and a knowledge of the
confidence and support which the disinterested la
bors of the Board have won from the
. people and.
their pepresentativca, •
The overcrowded condition of the Eastern and
WeStern Penitentiaries will continue until the
completion of the now Western and Middle Pent.'
tentiaries. The old'lntiltullons have found some
local relief la the measures recommended and
adopted list year. The Inspectors of the Western
Penitentiary have taken possession of the Reform
School property, and have already removed one
handful and tug prisoners to 'the new prembee,
thus relieving thecid prison slid setting the con.
stets at *legmane and remunerative outdoor
work. The letter of the president of the Baird,
herewith transmitted. will explain fully the sums
needed, exclusive of the annual appropriation, te
complete the removal of the old and the building
of new penitentiary. with a capacity of one
thoinuasf o
eells, which, t the opinion of the teepee
tors;will be suilleient for the prison population of
the western district, for many years to come. -
The inspectors of the Eastern Penitentiary have
completed two new corridors. increasing the cell
capacity of tbo prison to six, hundred and eighty,
and before the summer, eighty-eve: more cells will
be ready for use. Even this Increase will give them
very in.dennate accommodations for eleven hun
dred and eighty convicts. The report of the in
ipectora will be transmitted early la February. to
gether with the valuable statistical tables, which
are prepared with so much care and Judgment by
the gentlemen artful board. -
The commissioner; appointed under the act to
provide for the erection ,of the Middle Penitenti
ary have located the same at Hantingdon, and are
now negotiating for a tract of ground of about,
twenty acres, agreeably to the provisions of the
act.
As ft wilt he some time brtore the convicts of the
middle district, now confined in the Eastern and .
WeiternPenitentlaries, can be removed. I respect
fully renew the recomtnendition to modify the law
so that only those criminals who are sentenced to
not less than two years imprisonment, at separate
and solitary confinement. May he sent to the. peni
tentiaries. The reasons for such change were giv
en at length In the message of 1877, and the neces
sity of providing as ample relief as poseible to, the
old institutions, pending the building of the new
whoosh - will acquire additional force from year to
year. and creel when all the prison extensions now
in plogress are Completed. such a modification of
the law will still be necessary to secure all the ben
efits of the Increased capacity of our penitentia
ries&
• • The report's of the superintendents of the earl-
ous State asylums for the tame, and of the cam
tnissioners of the Sttte hospitals at Warren and
Norristown. wilt accompany the reporter thOßoard
of Public Charities. I need not remind the Legis
lature of the necessity of early and fall appropria
tions for their support and completion. Bye well
timed 11 .ersilty, parts of the hospital at Warren
can be ready fer the reception of patients towards
the close of 1875, and the hospital at Norristown in
like-condition some time nettlear.
The care of the criminal insane was the subject
of a memorial of the Medical Society of Pennsylra
-nla In 1874. and of the report of the .ceninduloners
designated by the Legislature In 1875, both of
which were referred to In the message of the re
spective years "Insanity tat seldiim renders its
victims better than before in any respect; more
generally, indeed, It adds darker and more repel-
tlrrrremnrimmrrtmmrremym
nabs are much more prune than the rest of the in,
=mate Commit dangerous and violent acts to be
concoellng plans of escape, rebellion, or mutiny;
to torment the feeble and Iraaclble about them; to
teach new lessons In depravity "—is the testimony
of in experienced and discriminating .riter. It
seems to he the duty of the State. therefore, to pro
vide fur their separate confinement. The clue Is
small, and, perhaps, mine Modification in one of
the h .spltals or penitentiaries now building would
answer all purposes.
TIM NATIONAL GU \TM • •
Pommy!Tanta now has a well organized, armed•
and disciplined force of militia. Although still
perhaps somewhat larger than 'absolutely. necessa
ry, the- policy of the administration to make a
small. compact, and efficient body of troops has
been steadily pursued. When compared with the
organization and numbers fu 1872, the soldier-like
results of the differrnt consolidations and our pro
gtess to,waid perfecrmilitary system are clearly
apparent. In 1872. there - were twenty-one divis
ions, with.three hundred and twenty-three compa
nies, comprising 1,120. commissioned °Moen and
,13,568 enlisted men . In 1879, the State constitues
one division. divided Into live brigades. aggregat
ing one hundred and forty co +Tanks of infantry,
five cavalry companies, and foul batteries of artil
lery: The - tnuster roll of the Gnard now numbers
608 commissioned officers, and - 11,20 non:commis
rinned.oMcers anu men.
. The law of 1,75, under which the re-organization
has been made, p•ovided for the expenditure of the
gratuity ort he State in fatigue uniforms and equip
ments; until every organization was fully equipped
for active service. _Under this provision, those of
the troops, who were without uniforms and equip
ments acceptable to the Adjutant General, were.
supplied, during the year, with State uniforms, of
the army pattern and standard. The soldierly 'ap
pearance and solidity of the Guard, when assem
bled for inspection or parade, were highly satisfac
dory, to its members and Its friends. •
Steps are now being taken to supply the troops•
with great coats, the officers and men having, with
commendable spirit, given the pay allowed for at
tendance at the annual inspection, for • that pur
rise. Instead of extending the equipment over a
number of years, and taking the coot from the an
nual' gratuities, it would be more satifactory if the
State %Mad appropriate, in lull, the sum. necessary
to equip the troupe for active service. The amount
Is comparatively small, and the advance will be
amply repaid In the readiness of the Guard for ac
tive and continuous duty, and its increased spirit,
from a sense et efficiency and appreciation of a sub
stantial recognition of its services and worth.
. rikth,oolCAL StitYgY.- -
\
Th l e report of progress of the Doan! of COMM to
',loners of the Seetiod‘Geological Survey of Tran
sylvania will be laid before you. The present ap
proprialoa will carry them to the end of Ma, and
an additional appropriatiomot 000,000 for 1830 and
1881 Will be required to complete the work. A cat
alogue of the large collection of books and spec!-
, mens made by the surveyor, during the progress of
' the work has been published, s and I again invite
~your attention to the necessity of, providing for the
exhibition and preservation of these valuable scienz
I title objects. The survey bas already cost the State
nur ti - more . than the original estimates, but its
that ugh prociecution to the end will giro us a final
surve , upon the accuracy of which the business
enterprise and scientific research of future ages
,can confidently rely. I shall therefore make no;
apology, even in the present state of our finances.;
;for recommending the appropriations - necessary to
complete the survey and_ publish and preserve its
results. • '
' Idiairb been furnished with ab advanced copra
the memorial of the Engineers' Club of Pliiiadel-,
phia, Mad Citizens of Pennsylvania, to your honora
ble bindles: praying for State co-operation with the
United States (east Survey, In the geodie survey of
the State; authorized by act of Congress, in 1811.
Under this law. work was commenced in Perins)l- .
vaula in 1875; but Owing to the limited- appropria
tions which the General Government Is able to dl.
vide pro rata anliongst the many States now con
ducting surveys; the work progresses • very slowly,
and may occupy. , twenty ,or thirty years: The
%mount of State aid needed fOr surveying, draught
-Ig,-and publishing maps, etc., is estimated at
`only-five thousand dollars annually, fur five
Although the opportunity is one that at
Nature time it may be well to.take advantage
unot persuade myself that at the -preseut
\
'Quid be prudent to undertake iten so ex
le.! But I think It would be well to ali-
Lrd States Coast Survey with the small
nation of three thousand dollars ask
terest of the Second Geological Sur,
d Department of the Office of In
determine certain importantata,
undaries. • • , •
r 1 iki)g
'I s,
P
L
9
L
•
"I tr.
1.
X „ L
L
V 11.
\,w
\K
t
L
1
- .IS 1
t
'0
I
some\
of, I c.)
time It
tenelre s\
san the 1;1
annual apps
ed for
Ye; and the b..
tetnal Affairs,
tionsOnes, and
zn& / NOUTUZUN
The northern .bonni
tented, with She eiespit \
Voted, and some twenty
ion. The work, toesome
at the coStot* State of S
priation to meet the portion,
Iy . ..tailing upon Pennsylvania t..
islature, for want of time. The'
arid dollars will ho rrycdred or rel,
Ish the work, and equallze.tho.orp.),
tare, States.
The full report of this commission,
the one appointed under the act of Ma;
act in ccidanctica with similar commis)
the State; of Obto and West Virginia, td
the boundaries between the three States, •
ptacethe monuments thereon' have been
the Secretary of Internal Affairs, according to .
anil'ara transutitted with the reports of thst
PSN:CSTLVANIA ARCIIIVIS
. ,
The publication of the secondkeries of Penniyi
vinia Archives has been carried fern:int to the
cotriplerocut of seven volumes, to which It *as re
stricted by the act of Msrch 23, 1677. The original
act.of Nay 13, 1824, provided fur the publication of
ail the . istpers of historical value relating to the pe
.rod of the Revolution. the "whisky insurrectletr. _
andlhe war of 1812. Two volumes, contalning - the
roits'ar.d records of the Pennsylvania line and mi
litia of the Revolution, upon which time and labor
has been expended, ant, in Interest, perhaps, snore
Important than any of the eolumeS thus tar pub
lished, together with two. 'volumes of marrtage
records, fully prepared, remain in manuscript,
while the documents relating to the war of 1812,
have not been reached. In view of the importance
of this material, which the CUUMIOI3 iiiisfortn. e of
fire might place beyond, recovery, as to the case of
the records of the Iteiolution at Washington,. I
would recommend the. repeal of the restriction as to
the number of volumes, In order that dhe content..
-platted pu dicatloa reap .be completed under the
present editors, who will supervise it, without :la
ther charge. ,
- FREIGHT DISCRIMINATION.
The discussion of freight discrimination oceupled
a prominent place In the questions of the year. The
producers' memos tali of August ts, !SI'S, charged,
in the most rpecine manner, that the railroad com
lanies had allotted the Standard Oil Company nor
awful drawbacks and rebates in freight charges'
dent-d to others. The railroad. authorities den
that the companies had made unlawful
nations. They did not deny the fact, but asserted
Its legality. It Is. therefore, a question of law, and
Such. can only be se ttbul by the courts. The tray
preliminary question arising is the propriety of the
State, instead of it,dlviduals, making the - issue.
The Statedesires-to establish, for the mutual vela
thin of her great prtduelog and transporting In
dustries. a principle of law. The State alone can
Az that principle. in the broad and general way
that will hereafter govern, the, pulley of those In
dristsies. Industries can only laboriously and ex
, pensively, one by one, secure individual 'rights,
the State can at once, by this proceeding, make et-
Zeugma the seventh section of Article XVII of
the Constitution. and establish the just and legal.
basis of equal and 'open transportation. It is to the
interests of ail the northwestern and western sec
. thins of the State, of merchants and business men
everywhere; and of immense ImP-wtanCei to Phila
delphia and Pittsburgh, as exporting ports, that
the yield of Peunsylvanles anti; and the fruits of
Penusylvania's labor should have free and fair
transportation to all points of the State, and to the
seaboard. it is to the Interests of the stockholders
of the railroads, and of deeper interest to the peo
pie of Pennsylvania, that the .bitterand growing
prejudice against transporting corporations should
be proved to ho unfounded and unjust, or the cans.
es thereof be speedily and effectually removed.
I have long been convinced that the question of
gyerntrientsl supervision of Inter-state and uver
land commerce, is pressing upon us, and. while I
did not think it my duty to interfere, pending the
attempt of the parties to settle their relations by
mutual agreement, or by legislation, I have not
'besitaliki to promptly take advantage of the 'first
appeal to the Executive, to Betine, if possible, an
authoritative and binding declaration by the high
est judicial tribunal of the State, of the duties and
obligation/sot corporations, under the provisions of
the Constitution.
Among the unmerens subjects that wlll occupy
your attention, 1 beg tease to briefly ensphasise a
few that appear of more than' ordinary Importance.
The establishment of a elate Board of Health was
mzed - In the message of 1677 and briefly 'referred
tolls that of last year. . Tha Medical SleSetro 'y ttbe
,
. I /
$2 per Annum In Advance.
I
Stated Pennsylvania will again bring the .matter
to the attention of the Legislature. The experi
ence of the past year has shown the desirableness
of inch a department to Imfrove the hygienic eon
d.tion Of the people and insure diainst eptdemles.,
Second only to Its police duties, If not, Indeed,_ a
part eg them, is the obligation of impertinent to
.enforce the sanitary regulations necessary for the
healthfulness tresoriety. I hOpe you wilt not fail to
give theplli presented a favorableconsideration.
ComPleints are frmatatly made at the office of
the Secretary'of the Commonwealth by judges, of
the Inadequacy of the bonds forremders of deeds.
As fired In 1877, they aro wholly' disproportionate.
.to the present business of the offices. They should
be increased to correspond with the value of the
present records, and with the bonds of the tenet
County officer*.
The current wants of the State Library-absorb
the greater part of the usual appropriation; leaving
very little for the purchase of valuable matter or
the preparation for reference and preservation of
original manuscripts. The collection of documents,
pamphlets, books, psper.files, maps and 'mane.
scripts concerning theisistery of trettasyleants Is.
very incomplete. Within a short time many value-
Me things relatinz to the.early history of the Com
monwealth were in the market. but the librarian
had no appropriation with which to - buy them. An
additional appropriation onght . to be "given to th e
librarian. with discretion to purchase such Talmo
hie historical end rare literary materials as may be
offered from time to time, to complete the records
of the library.
• The 'Fish Commissioner have b?en very s amass.
fel In introducing the sea salmon Into the Dela
ware and Susquehanna rivers; and have filled. ear
streams with a plentiful supply of black base and
brook train. The attempt to propagate the Wirer-
Die Wpm also promises. well, and the results of
the year have been to finally prove the feasibility
of stocking the waters of the State with a constant
and abundant supply of the best food fishes. Some
additional legislative support may be necessary to
-enable the Commissioners to carry on and protect
their labors,
_which will revive a pro fi table indus
try, and furnish the people a cheap and acceptable
article of food.
The country his suffered the leks. - - dining the
year. of three distinguished Pennsylvanians. On
the twenty-find day of August, In the thirty-fourth
year of his age, Henry Armitt Brown, died at Phil
adelphia. He belonged to Tiliblic life only in the
higher sense of simple citizenship, for-he held no
office, except the high positlotiof a leader of men.
and wielded no authority except, the noble Inductee
of a pure and strong II fe. . At the time of his death,
be had just completed the masterly orations as
Revolutionary events, upon which - his reputation
as a scholar and orator will event: ally rest after the
personal recoolLections of the gentleman have faded
,IntOtradition.
- 01 the nineteenth day of December,
in the fifty
fonftb year of his ag4. Bayard Taylor died at Der
, lin. _Although be 'had filled several positions
abroad, he was best known tolhe public as a trav
eler, a journalist, and a man of letters. His fame
rests upon . numerous works 'of travel, of Action,
and of poetry, and translations, the fruits of an ex
ceedingly busy life. His appointment is Minister
to Germany was received with generalsatisfaction. '
and his death Is regarded as a public misfortune.
The nation loses one of its most trustworthy and
acceptable representatives. and Pensylvania one of
her. most distinguished citizens.
.To these words in remembrance of the younger
sons of Pennvivania. I am called to add the memo
rat of .t be venerable citizen of its metropolis. the
S ate, and the country. Morton McMichael died
at Philadelphia, on the Gth of January. 11579. at the
age of seventy-one. An actpr in his country's hl.-
b•ry for:half a century ;She friend mud lasocisle of
Webster and Clay of one generation, and of Lin
coln and - Grant of another, -be Ailed the circle' of
IrD WASSltitre SOMFDAIIIES.
'ary of the State h been
'on of fifteen miles -riez
\
nltes it'll requiring rests.
ine, has bean rutted on
w York, as the appro•
e the expense* proper
lied Irt the last Leg
.= of ids ;hems
insylvania to fin
naltures of the
and also of
and
1878. to
pus from
\retrace
E=2l
NUMBER 33
IN NLYORIAM.
fullest citizenship. When ()Ince came within the
sphere of his dulleF, he filled it with signal ability
and scrupulous fidelity,. and lived as a private Oil
-zee, one of those exceptional lives, that without ii
lusttious deeds, by the quiet, uulabored, cud per-.
feet performance of every duty, make- men great.
With such men, full of honors. death ltself , acems
almost like the performante of a sacred duty.
- CONCLUSION.
Ilefore . your SCASIOR chises I Phall have reslgr!ed
the trusts committed to my care. - I think it proper
to extend to the people; through their chosen rep
resentatives. my thanks for their confidence and
support, and my earnest desire f-r - the welfare of
the State. Containing within its borders all the '
elethents of empire and civilization, we may jaztty
look forward to the ;line when its cities - will be the
Sheffeids and. Birmit.gbants of the Western Hem
isphere, and the Delaw-re - rival the ClydeZ lint I I
shall not detain you by any eulogiuns upon Penn
sylvania, or indulge in any speculations concenarg
the future. To-day it pours over a. continent its
treasures of coal and in a, - of oil and lumber. I be
fore Its true progress lies in extending its. twine
flies and educating-Its laborers. As said last y'.-ar,
the great warfare of the nineteenth century Is In
. dustrtal warfare. In this contest Pennsylvania will
enter with unrivaled resources, and wise ; and lib
eral Tegisiatlon ought to give and army of skilled
workmen that will win a noble victory. That des
tiny this generation may. not realize. but it is - for
us to lay its brnad foundations in the varied pro
ducts of its soil. and in the intellivace and virtues
of its people. With that end in-view.letria invoke
the assistance of the same Power that has guided
reensylvaula to its present high position, to via
-Ide us to mould its social relations in accordance
with Ills immutable laws, and hand the noble C./ill.
-num:realm to our successors with a highercivillza
don and yet a - happier people.
.1. F. lIARTRANFT.
Harrisburg. January:, 1674
THE LAST OF THE MOHICANS
Boys who have been faicinated by
Cooper's novel of " The Last of the
Mohicans;' will be glad •to know that
Chingaeh-gook was a real. personage.
Under the name of. Wasa-mapah he
was known, about one liundred and
fifty years ago, to all the.tribes on the -
Lenapi, as their fiercest and- most
powerful leader.
1, His - fate was, however, very differ
ent from that which the novelist as- -
signs him.. Re was the first Indian
met in the wilderness by Rauch the
Mora Vain missionary, and was con
verted by him and baptized Job, or
Tschoop; as the Mbravisns pronounc
ed it. Job was for awhile subject to
. baCksliding both into fighting and
drunkenness. One story told of-him
is that, being in. Philadelphia, one of
Penn's brethren found him sitting in
the gutter, on High street very drunk
indeed.
"How's this, Tschoop r" he said,
"I heard thee had joined the, Mora
vian brethren l" _ ' '
Tschoop gave a knowing wink "So
goot. When me in Bethleham me
brother toldoravians,*hen me here,
me brother to Quakers ;" a reply of
which we will understand the point
when we remember that the early
Friends Were' as heavy drinkers as
feeders.
Tschoop," however, afterward be
came aincere• Christian, and was
then as zealous 'and determined a
leader for his pCople In religion as
Tieayune.
"1 car never bring dear: a cat," said
a lawyer, ." and yet I am always able to
drop a recline." :
TnE tree under which the tramp de
lights to shelter himself' from the sun
mfist be under the , locust tree.
- Wiry is a•ten-ruile walk liken six-foot
vagrant? Answer : Because it's a long
"tratop."—Nerristown Herald.
Ws have mustard courage to say that
salt maybe goad on a bird's tail, but the
man with a gun prefers to pepper it. -
.The treaty of Berlin has been ratified
by President MaoMahon, though it was
no terrier to Fraace.—Pisakune.
A antsprria fellow—the barber.—Ex.
But you must admit that he is very thin
when ho is a shaving.--Norristown
aid. -
Tnz experience and possession of di
vine pity is better than bodily ease, free
dom from trouble, or_the greatest worldly
prosperity.
Tan wish falls often warm upon my
heart that I may learn nothing hero that
I cannot continue in the other world ; that
I may do nothing here but deeds that will
bear fruit in -heaven.
ME