0 II WM griatitural. 141 Ma , . I • Butler and Meese. '' . • , ~ —.......- • . An exam ination of . the tufted ;Stites • Census for the years . 185 p, ' 1860 and 1870 furnishes-,some inter- I, eating - biota with referen.ce . to the pro"- • ;'pre ss of. the hutter and cheese in " 4erests Of ilie : .country. It .appears that froin 1850 to 1860 the peii:entage / : Of increSde in the amount of butter -was . 4sin lowa, 274 k in Wisconsin — 124 in llinois; 11 91 in Michigan, 47 in Pen - ay - hauls., 42 in Indiana; 41 in - .Ohio, 1' in -Verment,..l 4 in, North Caroli U• , and 2in 'Maine.. .Vrom . 1860 t 1870, the increase was 130.. per ce in 10wa,,. 65 in Wisconsin, , 51 , in 'cliigan, '..BA in Minoik;2s.in i - Indian . 4... in - NeW - York and 12 in V,erinont t There was a loss .of 21 , pence nt'. in Massachusetts, 14 in New ':- Htlimpibire - and'9 in North carelina. -latbej first _decade . the "remarkable —increase appears te" have been the ..result l bf the ' diffusion of population alcing. :the railways built in that period! and the rapid progress of . anTiCultiire. in the interior. - From • the is ofjantary 1850,.t0 the 31St -of -De cember; I'Bso, ,thernumber.- - - - of . miles I - of railroad built was 21,427; chic-4 - in, the. middle. and western State 4., ..-.... ... - . ,-- .Thesecoiad de - cade _showed , a en-_, oral declia(because the progress of - settleMent was slower. In that Ife cede ilB,-465 miles Tof railway were` I built.; the,Civil • war raged, and the armies consumed the force that would have l' gone into new settlements. ,The ProdUction of cheese. - showed an hrcreuse from ,1850' to 1860 of 338 per cent. in lowa, 176 per cent. in W i i2Con_siii, 1 2 per cent. in Michigan, to per cult, in:lllinois, 1 per - cent.' in Ohio, and, a loss o! 47 per cent. in North Carolina, 30 per cent. in New Hampshire; 26 per -cent.. in Ataine, ' : 25- p_er - 'Cent. in Massachusetts, . 6; per ;,,, cent. - : . in iVerdicitat, 3, ,per cent, in - - Indiana, and.23inNeWl - York. From 1860 to 1870 there was an increase: '.'of 212 per cent.. in Illiriois, 198 -per . cent. ' In Wisconsin', 107.1 in iNew . • York, 46 in lowa, 41. Y 'in Michigan,, :: ::1.2-in Ohio, and 11 in Peunsylvania, l 'and a loss of 421- in, North Carolina, 61 in NOW Hampshire, 36 in Maine, .341 in Indiana; 22'in Massachusettes, • atia sid -Vermont. - It would thus Seem that . a !considerable portion 'of the apparent increases in the produc' tion -of chease is merely a shifting of the scene from 'east to west. ,In the aggregate - there as an in crease of -IT per cent; inhe batter product Iron:1' 7 1850 t b 186 0, and a decrease of 2 per . cent. in the . cheese -product. From 1870 flie,increased production .Of butter. was f 1.2 per ,cent. and. of - cheese. 57 per cent. .1 Taking !the,' Fericd. from-. 1850 (to . 1870, the in - ere. - sse Ica? 51 - per!, c ent. in cheese, -and 64 1 - .er -cent.. int.butt i , - er, N 4 hile the ii: crease (sf population was -66 per 4. ,;:!--!i-Lthat both lines of industrY ',i... art:...arsi as compared with the -,-_ t_l - - opulatio.,.:l . ! i ii .eil t.,:l,tistenielit i s we frequent- Iv --t. r.LI- tar the wonderfulincreas in -, , ti ~.. pio , lliction of butter and c" eSe "d i - artientar -States H are .w, oily , -- - i -- ry, tini . i-citiriterest keeping pace v-i , p-piOn'.li , . , ii, and therefore It it ' c...,,..,.01 bar a' niatter of , surprise that Atli , -- i-rices r;. - wain Lig , .! The Agri , i,ca .. .:.nral Depa r rtinifiat speaks of "the - i,. - grov, tii of ...tharclicesce! interest .1,-,-,m • 1860 to 1.870, - as :"Consequent on the rise and extension of the eliet - se f. nieiory. systein.".. - .tut it is in strange ,:out-i-ast wich this statement that the pe, (....ntage, of increase was less in gi ..-. etcca - fic than (Le general increase - other industrieS , resulting from . ..:11)121SCOrlatl ImProved financial :.: - i!,(-‘in iindla protective tariff. • The •13e".1.q I‘.-Faliu Eli !Si , .ate4 seemC to -,..thow that i tile -cheese Siietories got c. - alfrot of the Markets _ajad that the . siltil frtrinCrs ' ~ gradually=,_ 'gave up . in.!.ai ...;.i -, , - ,-cliclese, perhaps because they could not cOuipete With the faCtories. 'Cheese : however; has become great r,'.0,21,f., export, - the annual„ rt- - erage e'xpert, daring the ten yeat's, - : ending l - um 30, 1870, having been 13,611, - - . 796 pounds, - against;;-an average of 1,863,383 pounds foi.,lthe - -preceding decide; and the experts of 1871 and • ,1872 .avertari