TERNS OF PUBLICATION
, Tui BiLariTtarD /WON= Is published every
Thursday Earning by 8. W. ALTO= KTwo Dollars
i'reralutrun to advance. ,I •
Nr - adyertising la csetis excluslre Of imbirrli
.ion to the paper.
SPEOLLIALI OTRIE9 Inserted It irmatir tarn pu
tloe tor Ant Insertion. and Era ems per Ike for
-lubiament insertions.
LOCAL NOTICES, same style u reading natter.
3-wrrrr imam s line. - . 3
ADVERTISEMENTS will truserl according to
t 7ef °Rowing table Orates :
Iwltwl2ail3l 6 =l l 7r.
Ttr.ch I SLSO I S.OO I, 6.00 I ILOO 110.00 I j 1111,
Inrbeis 1 200_x._6.00 . BIN) I 10.00 116.00 90.1
2.50 1 I lO.OOl 13.00 120.00 1110.1
UM
rinclles I 3.00
. 8.60 114.00118.25 I 28.00015.00
;ccTltnti 1 15.00 j 12.00 118.00 122.00 1 80.00148.00
calnnin 1 - 10,00 I 20,00 89.00 I 441.00 65.00 f T 540
A in:alai:nines iniStrecritor's Mottoes. $2 ; Andt.
; Iris Notices, $2 $0 ; Business Cards. dye lined. (per
y $5, additionie lines $1 each.
Snarly a ivertieerniare entitled to quarterly changes.
Tisnetent advertiseremits mast be paid forts admire.
Resolutions of Lsaeciatione.l.....communicationt
o f limited or individual interestOtal notices of filar.
Qes and Deaths. exceeding flreGues, are oliariPid
r ov.Yro Der Sim.
308 PRINTING of every kind, in Min and Vinci%
o' ors, done with neatness and dispatch. Handbills,
fe.2om, Cords, Pamphlets,-Billhaids, Statements. kn.
of every variety and style, printed at the shortest
vtice. The 11xporrsa Office is well supplied, with
wer Proms, • good sesortinent of new typo. and
Ererything in the Printing line can be executed in
e most artistic manner and_ at the • !Met rates.
T.ERMS &MABRY CASH. •fta
BUSENEM C=3.
- rOIECR DUNFEE, BLACKSMITH,
SIONIIOETON, PA., rars part:lca:llß attention to
Toning Inirgtes, Wagons, filegtua, kc. Tire sea and
jepatring done on short notice. Work and - ntunges
guaranteed satistactory. 12.15,89.
A MOS TES:M/CBER, HAS
Ll_ again established himself in the TAILORDIG
-csmrss. Shop over Rockwell's Store. Work of
: Tory description done In the latest styles.
Towanda, 'April 21, 1870.11
C . S.-RUSSEIAL'S
RAL
IsT S (I.R A 1V G E NiC Y ,
.: , :ty23'704-tt
•
• • .tt _
r • 74
_za
-4 N
H•
' l l
esfaS
t."l
TtiL'l
ITti I •DEIISIGNED
TEct Alp.) DEILDEIt, wishes to inform the
Cll i 7013.9 of Towanda and vicinity, that he will give
particular attention to 'drawing plans. designs and
-tytcifications for all manner of buildings, private
ripen fendence given tfor reasonable
-unpensation, Ogfiee at resigenco N. E. corner of.
'•:ccond and Elizabeth streets.;
0,t5'71
WTi. RDlGSBtrjar,, •
"
SEAL ESTATE, LIFE, Flit E. k. ACCI.D-MiT
INSURANCE A-GENCY
,- Office, earner of Main anil State Street 7,
Miceli 13:1872
'iSASH,DOORS, AND BLINDS
- •lAin prepared to furnish Xiln-dried Doors, Sash
zed Blinds of anp style, size, or thickness, pn short
, ti; e. Hind in your orders tenydlys before yon
a",ani to nee the.apticles, and be sw that you wilt
qet doors the,. Will not shrink or well. Terms casb
t•aanda, Jrity 19, I il7l. i Gro. P ASH.
DAYTON --BROTHER,
DeMersin s- •
WOOL, HIDES, PELTS, CALF-
sKos;-ruEs, mac.. •
—F.3r the higb.est cash price Is paid at el nines
Ire in Mr. E. IloserdieLl's Store, Main-st., - •
DATTON,
J. x. DArros. TOWANDA PA
NEW FIR3U,'
4019DS;1 4 0'1V PRICES!
maszorroN, rA
TRACY & HOLLON,
Dealers in Groceries and Provisions;'Drugs
szl. Medicines, Kerosene Gil, Lamps, Chlmi,ya,
Ahad , .... Dye Stras, Paints; Oils, Varnish, Tante.'
P.lnas, Tobacco, Cigars and Bnnfi. Pure Wines Ind
of the best quality, for medicinal pnrp"ses
only. All Goods sold at the very lowest priors..°! . e. , -
.7 ., L.•rlpti , ms carefully compounded.at all hours of the
I.y
at night. Give us? call.
TRACY'k HOLLON.
Monroeton, Pa., J:z.v!.2.1,
BAKER! CONFECTIONERY !!
G 11 0.0 E R I, E S !
Tho undervigned.i)egs leave to return thanks to
the people of Towanda and vicinity for tho Very
g , tierous patronage cztetreled to him during the
past Lesson, and at the same time to give notice that
he has added ta_his business a stock of
BEST FAMILY GROCERIES
Which he is prepared to - offer '• AT THE LOWEST
PTIICES. .
Hew stir. cnntiune ',the taking lingiiiess in all
't , branchnji, ani pan ftirnith anything in thislin'e
clioylket rtr , tice, and:
GtARINTEE !SATISFACTION
•.. .I.tas alEa fitted np a
DINING ROOM,
Whet, Lc will at all limps be ready to foritiAr Meals
.it tare/ lower ,:ates..2l:an venal.
I , .lr'ri^r ,, 'art.l others rislting are trt.r.te:i to
with Ice Croaur,CAles, Fruit,
ui,Clafe, , itiouerli at sh:T.t peter, '
lieinenLier the ',lace, nearly up; ,:sae the' :Means
Sept.ll,'74 H - ORACE A. COWLES.
, TO OUR PATRONS
GE - .0. H. WO-OD
PHOTOGRAPHERS,
TOWANDA, PA
tl:itmful for the generoue patrouagc of the
I.2;tyear;-wou.l.,Liagorm all wanting Pictures
ti.at w' are still adding-to our establishment
NEW AND,IMPROVEp issrlii.:3ll2sT;S.
And. adopting, tried and approyed rnoiles of
; , tinting and retouching in ordc;r to secure
FINER PHOTO', RNP EIS TR REERTOFORE
mad sot, of the cities,-!And that me make
gay to enlarge all - kinds of Pictures to '
.. • dosired, and finish in Water Colo7s. •
!'. ..4 Ink. or in Oil, In the
BEST STILES AND VERT:LOW' PRICES.
Wo also endeavor to take all the time possl
in tasking vhildrens pictures, go as to Be. •
cure tha best results. i -
We are constantly adding to our stock of
FRAMES
All n.:x• patterns rnd• tasteful styles, and fur;
ni.kh them at a small miracles from cost prices.
]lay 14,1873._
TO.;-TIIE CITIZENS OF PENN-
L attention is specially in
, ,t , 1 . t0 tho fai-t that the National Banks are now
prepared t 6 1N.C.9,115' subscriptions to the Capital
, Ltei.Z of the Centennial Board of Finance, The
!nods realized from this scource aro to be employed
;n the erection of the buildings for the International
Colubitier., and the expenses connected with the
.t s confidently believed that the Keystone
,fate will be represented by the name of °Very citi
en alive to patriotic commemoration - of the one
unircilth birth-day of the ;cation. The shares of
Clock are offered for. Sid each. and subscribers will
r—reive a handsomely. steel engraved Certificate of
Stock, suitable for framing and preservation u s
national memorial;
Interest at - the rate of air par cent per annum will
Le pail on all payments, of Centennial Stock from
Iv, of payroent to January 1, 1876., '
slbscriiyers, who are not near a National Bank
a check or robe -office order to the under-
RUDE.. FRALEY, Tiearnrer,-,
904 Walnut $l.; Phil's
Sr; t 1 '7l
TOWANDA NUR S ERY.
L^ andiragned plarehaged the
NCRSZSY ON TOWANDA FLATS,
ction to his :arge stock of
• IT:O.IT AND D#NAKENTAL"I'REEI3
which he 4noar prepared to '
. tr. - T:TVE.T: ON MD r REASONARE TERMS.,
, • ~. 1 p• -r i , n or by . .. 9 m
*ll priptly attended to
I=
itt
NM
SMITH k MONThNYE, ATTO
=Ts sy Lew. a Once -- soft er of Main and
Pine Streets, opposite Porter's Drug Ettore.
TAR. T. B. YOHNSOIi, Psysicus Arm
Susasos. Mice over Dr. itti. Portii Son
& Co.'s Drug Store.
FG. MORROW; Pummel Aza•
. ffortazoir, offers his professional services to
the citizens of Warren andvicinity. Residence
first honse north of J. F. Cooper's Store, Warren
Contr . % Pa/ apllBl2.ly
DR.P. M. STANLEY, DEmErr,
inseeessor to Dr. Weston. 'Office to Patton's
Block. up stairs, Main Street, Toirsada, Pa. Ail
kinds of plate work a specialty. .Tan.ls'73
R. S.M. WOODBURV, Physician
and ,Surgeon. Office over Wickham * Black's
Crockery store.
Towanda. May 1,1872.-1 y . '
VOYLE & Nit:PHERSON, Arros-
N;711.1T-LAW. Tounda, Pa., Will gieeprompt
attention to all matters entrusted to their charge.
Orphans' Court business $ specialty. _
R. TOYLT... , 1. WM:WM
TONVANbti„PA
B. MoKEAN, ATTORNEY
li AND 00131TEMLOtt LT Lor,Towands,Pa. Par
ticular attention paid to business in the Orphans'
- TS.
HW. • PATRICK, Arronm-ier
Lew. Ofire. Iferenee IthOck, next - door to
the Expreri Office Tow/rids, pr.•
Jn1y17:1873. •
' ki °,
IVH. CA.RNOCHAN, ATTOR
. gar AT LAW (District Attorfor Brad
ford Count). TroY. Pa. Collectimistiade and prompt
-17 remitted. - feb 26, '69--tf.
ivvr B. KELLY, DENTisT.—Office
• B.
Wickham k• Black's, Towanda. Pa.
Teeth inserted' on Gold, Silver, Rubber, and Alum
ninm bass. Teeth extracted without pain. 0c23,72
AttILL & CALIFF, ATiouvirts
ax-Law,, Towanda, Pa.
H. It , manna, • 1. N. CALIF?
111
Office in Wood's Block, first doo
tgiational Bank, up stairs..
CAPERTON & ELSBREE, Arroit
v =es ►: SLAW, Towanda, Pa., having -entered
into copartnership, offer their prorgestonalber►ices
to the public. Special attention Riven:An bnalness
In the Orphan's and Regiaterl Court, spll4'7o
E. ornurox, 'N. C. ILLESEJEE.
JOHN M:rN,
S. E. FLE".IIIIING,
Eqx.,511, Towanda, P
Special attention given fceieMlS eg,sinst- insur
ance Companies. Olßce, ride of Public
rrrn
IVE.R. DI L. DODSON, - OPERATIVE
MID 'MECHANICAL DENTIST, North Hatne.st..
opposite Episcopal Church, Towanda..Pa. All den.
tal operationa a apeciality, "4 Jan 14.
PECK ! &,- STREETER,
LA W OFFICE, TOWANDA. Pe
TOWANDA, PA
•
DR. J . ; .W. LYMAN,
riTISICIMI AND SURGEON.
. ,
" • Mee oulfaln Street.- formerly occupied by Dr
Ladd. ReiMenne, corner Pine and Second streets.
Towanda. Jnne 22, 1871.
TC._ G4IDLEY,,:,
A T T 011NEY-.A.T.i.A NV,
April 1, 1873. Towanda, Pa
DOCTOR 0. LEWIS, A..GRAIYU
ate orate College of "Physicians and Surgeons,"
New York city, Class Isl S-4, gives exclusive attention
to tho practice of his profenlen. Moe and realdence
on the eastern slope of Orwell flu, adjoining Henri'
Howe's. • jan 14,'G9.
DR. D. D. '111.1113, Dentzst, has
purchased_G. H. Wood's property, between
1 /Terri:Les Block and the Elwell House, Where he has
located his office. Teeth extracted without pain by
use of pas. Towanda, Oct. 20,1870.—yr.
NOTARY PUBLIC!
Office -.. ius ST., 1 . 0'.1"11:DA PA., with Noble & Yin
cent. Insurance Agents.
Acknowleilimen - is taltert;, . Oaths tAminißtered.
The subscriber setit se cornqssioner In - :taking dep
ositions of atitnes4es. General antics of the office
promptly attenned •11r 9 VINCENT:
Nov. 12'73. Notary Public.
Etats,ls.
DisiN-G- ROOMS
Iti rloysEcTio:4; WITH THE LIA.X.EItf;,
Near file Court House.
We arc prepirest to feed the hungry at all Hines cd
the day and evening. Oysters and 'lce Cream in
their seasons.
March 30. 1870. - ! D. W. SCOTT & CO.
ELWELL HOUSE, TOtANDA,
• JOHN C. WILSON • :
Having leased this - House, , is now ready to acconimo
elate the travelling patio: No pains . nor expense will
be spared.toji.'e satisfaction to those who may give
him a call. .., ~
ail-North s!de of the public square, east of Mer
men new block.
IPIP IMENTERFTET . CREEK HO
-AA) TER.
PETER LANDIfESSER,
Having purchased and thoroughly ratted this - old
and well-kubwn stand.,formerly kept by sEheriff Grit
-04, at the month of Rummerfleld Creek, is ready to
give good accommodations and satisfactory treatment
to all who may favor him with a call.
Doc. 23, Btiti--tf.
WANS HOUSE, TOWANDA,
The -Horses, Harness. 1. - . e. of a 4 guest's of this
house, insured a,Tainst-lossbj . Pire4wi th out any ex
tra charge. ,
A suptrior rihslity of 011 Euglish).ll.sts Ale, just
remixed- T. R. VORDAN,
Towanda. Jan. 24.'71. Proprietor.
WARD .110U-SE,
This pctniar `house, recently leased by Messrs.
EoOlf k Mitazts, and havieg been completely refitted,
remodeled, and.refctrnished, affords to the public
all the comforts and modern conveniences of a first
class R 4 otel. Situate opposite the Park on Main
Street, it is eminently convenient for persons visit
ing Towanda, either for pleasure or business. •
c ,sepll'7l - KOON k MEANS. Proprietors. .
ATA.NS.T.ON -HOUSE;
LE.RAISTILLE, PA.
W. W. BROWNLNG, Pnnintrron.
This Rouse is conductod strictly Tenajoeranne
Prbaciple.s . Every effort will be_ made - to make
guests comfortable. GoOd rooms and the table will
always be supplied with the beef the market aft
fords. • Nov. 1.1871.
BETHLEHEM, PA.
" OLD
_IIORAVIAN SUN INN,'
Rich in hlsiorical interest, it is the only building in
the contitg except Independence Hall, honored by
the sojou within its walls'of Washington, Laray.
efts, Lee. Gates and other patriots of the revolu
tion.- This popular hotel has recently- changed
hands, been improved. entirely refurnished, and
the proprietor cordially invites his friends and tear
fling public to give him a call—no pains will be
spared to render their • stay comfortable. „People
en routOfor!Philadelplida will find it convenient to
spend the night here, reaching the city about eight
in the morning. A sample room on first floorfor
socenoroodation of commercial agents.
(,Bepte. lea
; —
CHARLES F. DAYTONN,
sccoessor to Humphrey Broa.,
•
• '
HA-.RNEs.s MAKER,
, Orer s lfoodyi Store.
Keeps on land a full assortment of DOUBLE and
gaGLE ILLBREss, and all other gOods in his line
Repairing and manufacturing tone4o order.
Tri•-zands, August 23. TS:7I. _
S :EWA SAW MILL,
SHINGLE
. 1- ,AND CIDER MILL, k.
H 7 Mill is now in 'good' order. end I as prepared
to 4o all kinds of wort in mj line on short notice.
LUILBE.U. sunk-Gus A nd LATH, -always on
hand; .-
I alio otter ;or tale a 2 llorse.l!ower FaskJae and
eimol.
0. F: AYERS.
- _
• intaalteefitte 414. Weitrti
i[EFHC• PEET._
IMI
I=
W.:-AXAVQII.I3,
VOLUME XXXIV.
PROFESSIONAL CABD3.
'TAKES -- WOOD, krrinerrt
u . a am LLW, TOwinds, Ps.
LEM
ATP, TO' - WANDA, PA
IV: A. PECK. 11an.1.7741 H. STRELIT-11
COR. AND rrz. t
TOW.I.LNDA,
BRADFORD COUNTS, rgNI•A
WILT 1759
121
AI through the forest, disarrayed
•
By chi ll Ncriember, .strayed;
A lonely relistiel of the wood
Wu idngtng to`the solitude;
loud t* music, thus I said,
When o'er thy perch the Wives were spread;
Sweet was thY sang. but sweeter now
Thj carol on the leafless bow.
Sing. little'birdl thy note shall cheer •
The sadneis of the dying year.'
When violets pinked the turf with blew _
And morning tliied v their sapil with dew, ,
AY slender voice with rippling trill
The building April bowers would All, "
Nor pasS its Joyous tones sway •
When April-ronnded into'Way;
Thy Meehan hail no second dawn,--
aing,little bird! theipring is gone.
' I
And I remember—well-aday' !
Thy full-blown roundelay, -.
As when behind a broldered screen --
Some holy taidcn sings unseen; •
'With answering notes the wiwidland rung. •
And every tree top found a tongue.
How dsep the shade! the groves how fair! r
Sing, little bird! the woods are bare.
But now the ittinmer's chant la done
And mute the choril antiphon: _
The birds have left the'shivering pines _
To flit among the trellised , vines, .
•
Or fan the air with scented plumes
Among the love-sick oringe.blooins.
And though art hero aloneslone.-,
Ping, little bird! the rest. have flown. • 1
The snow has capped yon distant
At morn the running brookmill 144
From Mir= herds the clouds that rise
Are like the smoke of sacrifice.
Ere long the !cozen sod shall mock
The plowshare, changed to stubborn rock,
The brawling streams shall soon DO dutiob,.—
SWF, little bird! the frosts hare come.
south. of Firs
Jan. 13,774-11-
Past, fast the lengthening shadows creep,
The songlasa fowls are half asleep,
The grows chill, the setting sun
May leave thee tore thy tong i• dote,
The pulse that warms thy bread grow cold, '
Thy secret dle with thee; untold;
The lingering sunset still is bright,—
Sing, little bird! 'twill soon.be night.
- —4llaolf Jlonaly.
_ -
DeUrered by W. H. TaompsoN before Ora - Brad•
ford County Teachers' Association, at itheshe-
Feh.l3, 1874. 5
Education is the first and highest
duty of Man. More: or less impress
ed with this truth, we—the Teachers
of Bradford, county have formed
; ourselves into an "Association," and
'meet from time to time to perfect our
`owe intellectual discipline, and to in
'fuse into the publie mind.as much as
we May our own zeal for a higher
culture and. a more noble develop
ment. We meet frequently. Fifteen
years, have now elapsed since Onr'or
ganization: During this tithe we
have . confined ourselves exclusive
ly t 8 the investigation and ditieission
of this one great theme—Education;.
and yet this house, crowded to-night
with teachers and the friends of their
cause, assures me that we have lost
none of our interest in the work. Our
enthusiasm for self-culture needs
rather to be allayed than stimulated;
our zeal as educators, and our efforts
in pushing forward a more general
diffusion of knowledge and a more
universal development, of mind, is
still intense and nnabated. These
evening addresses are intended to
direct our efforts, stimulate our en
ergies; if,possible, fan our zeal to a
whiter heat in this cause,"so vital to
.
ourselves and . society; and I should
disappoint your just expectations,
and - ignore my own preferences, were
I to claim your attention on any less
appropriate subject than the grand
theme that calls us together. That
the topic itself is old need not de=
tract from its interest, for it opens
up such a boundless field for thought
that I trust to be able to ran my
mental plow through comparatively
new ground;, avoiding altogether the
cultivated areas alongside the intel
lectual turnpikes and highways over
which wo have so frequently driven,
and striking'out rather, though not I
trust` without sufficient landmarks,
over a footpath, as yet frequented
but little, and then only by those
whom society is pleased io call errat
ic or fanatical—a lonelyiand difficult
path as y et, it is true, but destined
to be chan"ged in the future by its
transformation into; an air-line, me
cailernized highway, to a grandeur of
civilization and a sublimity of human
devopment that shall eclipse the
past and the 'present, as the sun out
shines the faintest star. The
nation of the present in some respects
inde.ed,,already . a wonder. Look
ing at man's progress in, materialitids
.
© are often astounded. The rail
rad, the - ocean steamer and the tel-•
egraph, are fruitful themes of a just
exultation' But on the other hand,
when we come to canvass the whole
field, inquiring into man's, wants, his
miseries, misfortunes and aspirations,
wel cannot avoid the conclusion that
man must still climb much higher in
his - ability to command the means to
ensure social and individual happi
ness, before the just ends of our ei
istence shall have been attained. In
yeiitigation most be pushed still fur
ther into the unknown, human pas
sions must beimore .sabject to rep
lation'and, control, the moral senti
ments must attain a truer culture,
the intellect must assert more iMper
atively 'and grasp: more tightly' the
reins of paramonnt authority; over
the actions and beliefs of the individ
'nal before civilization shall reach its
acme, and man realize the fall end
of-hie being. The teacher exercising
the higher functions of his office is
the true 'instrument for the accom
plishment of these ends. He is no
thing but a pedagogue if he never
tests the strength c)f his piuions be
yond the prescribed routine of - the
school room. If he i s a true ,educa
tor, he has the - independence, the
strength of flight -and the aspirations
of the eagle. He should be bold
enough 'to trample castor:as,
forms, rites and creeds, if -need be,
in his in vestigation _ of ruth, strong
of will enough to face and. defy all
:the, envy, malice; prejudice and en
perstition of a score of such planets
as' ours, and high of purpose enough
to, soar above:the highest clouds and
gaze upon- the sun. Before acting,
however, it is necessary to have a
laudable end and well defined pur
pose in view, and the teacher may
properly inquire what elements of
education are now most important
for the further progress and higher
civilization of man.
T. BIEITH,
Proprietor
ituttat Potty.
AN OLD 111/11 DONG.
e attilanumg.
ADDRESS,
_~.
First and Most imilortant of 'all,
man needs to' study, learn, "knots
himself !" .How he is constituted 1
What are his powers and adapta
tions I What is his true interest—
his highest good! Well saith the hea
then motto, "know thyself," and the
poet—" the proper study of mankind
Is Man." Consider man with refer
ence to his constitution, and we find
him the most complicated and myste
rious of the Creator's works.l He
possesses all the essentials of the in
aniniate and material added to an
emotional and intellectual nature,
that identifies him at the same time
with the animal - and the spiritual
Combining matter and spirit,. pas
sion and purity, animal instincts and
divine inspirations, mortality and
immortality, to know himself and to
fulfill the true ends of his existence,
is the most difficult problem pre
sented to his thus far unbounded
ability, but a problem which nature
commands him to solve. As a ma
teriality, man does not differ from.
the thousandl other- forms of matter
by which he is surrounded. The re
cepticle of the "Image of God "—the
casket that,holds that noblest creat
ed principle,rintellect—life—seul—
can be reduced, to the simple elements
of "dust," and yet it is the strongest,
most durable, and: beautiful mechan
ism of creation. What Jbeautiful
symmetry in this form!' 'What har
mony and adaptation between .his
Members ! Whitt a sublime reciproci
ty between all the elements of his
nature. The body wants and - the
mind supplies—the mind wants and
the body supplies. Subject man to
analysis and you find ft duality—
body and spirit; return to synthesis,
and you have . a perfect unity. The
body dies and the spirit lives, yet for
three score years and ten their pains
are mutual and their joys vibrate in
reciprocal harmony.• If we drop the
body for a moment, and make a far
-1 ther analysieof the-mind, we shall
','find here a still greater complication
and mystery, and it isin this direc
tion our chief study should be appli
ed. Here itis that we find the dis
tinguishing characteristic of man—
the something added to the animal
which elevates him above the brute.
Here we find a trinity of adOtation'
in a unity of
and
moral
sentiment and intellect; distinct in
their offices, ;and yet mutually de
pendent and sympathetic, securing
happiness to the individual by due
and equal development and gratifi-
Pation, but overwhelming the whole
organism with disaster by abases
and partial culture. When the pm
sions are gratified no further than is
required by the necessities of the
body, when the moral seritlinents are
stimulated no kirther than the natu
ral aspirations , of the soul require,
whet( the intellect exercises the true
functioned its office as the supreme
judge 'and dictator of Individual ac
tion, then harmony prevails in the
human organism and perfect bliss is
the reward. But how to. secure to'
each faculty arid power its just meas
ure of culture, when to curb the one
and stimulate the other, this is a
problem- as yet but imperfectly-solv.-
ed, and it is in this respect especially
that man need s to study and know
himself better. I venture' the asser
tion, although perhaps it -will meet
with condemnation from what are
considered the highest quarters, that
much of man's failure in securing
happiness in the past, is owing to
the fact that he sets the moral senti
ments up asthe pilot of his actions,
—his executive officers,—whereas the
intellect alone is intended for the du
ties of the position. Thus far in the
history of civilization , all all philosotly
that has materially affected human
action, has been moulaed to conform
to the religious idea. INo one theme
has so monopolized human attention
as theology. , A.ll princlples of human
action are linctured,l l impregnated
with, subordinated t o; the creeds,
isms, and'dOgmas of religion.' Now
'so far from saying that this is.wrong,
I exult that. the study of theology
has receired that attention which is
properly its ',due; but I quarrel with
the arrogant, supercilious manner in
which it treats the bter interests of
man. I quarrel with is errors and
ffi
mistakes, its bigotry, its self-su-
E
ciency and its superstition. I don't
condemn religion itself; because no
education is complete 'without it; it
is an essential element of true cul
ture. Bat 1 many of our present
forms of religio n are the products oft
human reason, when man was in a
semi-barbarous condition, and are
consequently fall of errors, absurdi
ties and crudeness; and no mistake
is more flagrant and.pernicious than
teaching man to follow the guide of
blind instinct rather than intellect, or
mere sentinients rather than reason.
When we come to consider all — the
evils directly resultant from this
dogma that man should listen rather
to the promptings of a' moral nature
than , to the dictates of Ireason, one is
almost - appalled. The moral senti
ments are nothing more than higher
forms of the passions, are as liable
to err, and have as at a tendency
to extravagance. Tti re is . such a
thing as- venerntion. tis a moral
sentiment; but man ould as soon
venerate 4 toad ior a snake as the
Deity, were it not fo the guiding
hand of reason. In f ct, there are
races of men who WOlB ip these very
loathesome objects, b so deficient
are they of intellect t at it is diffi
cult to determine betty en the, capa
city of the man and th j toad. There
is such a thing as aco ionsness of
subjection to Divine vernment, but
without the directing nd of revela
tion or reason, man falls to his knees
and pays l 'obeisance to the sun and
the moon,' the stars and the elements,
with as Oat faith as the Christian
to the cross. Nor is the misdireo
timid man with reference toreli,gion
itself, the'nnly evil of this ponderous
philosophical bhmdef. Taught from
childhoo4l, to believe that the human
constitution is inherently weak in
itself a •that it is as 'none to evil as
the sparks are to fly upward; that
the DracOnian principle of law is tut
wise in ci il. policy, but true as ap
plied to morals; 'that the attainment
of perfect! happiness depends hot so
lunch on 'obedience to organic law as
npon a miraculous interposition of
Divine power; a spirit . of neglect and
i
procrastiUation is infused' into the
sir:. -_ :..~- ,. ~`2i;,r~;•l~a'*r~. :?~7n<?asa?tis--;S~
=lll
=MUM" 01
TOWANDAi BRADFORD COUNTY, FA. , , MARCH 26,1874: ';
whole being. Obedience to law bn
comes a matter of little'consequence,
when all the evils resulting *op the
indulgence of the passions and diso
bedience of law, can be 'who'd out in
the "twinkling of an eye" by an ever
ready miraculous power, merely by
asking. It is not strange that youth
should spend their early dayi in riot
and dissipation, continuing it - often
into age, when they are taught that
however rigid the law there is a way
to evade its consequences. Here,
then, man needs to study and under
stand himself better. It is his duty
to investigate all the phenomena of
his constitution, and to conduct his
life in ' harmony with the evident
laws of his organism. In this work
his intellect is his only sure and ,un
erring guide. I say unerring, be
cause God never created anything
with inherent imperfebtions. It is
adeqnate to all the ends for which it
was designed.
Again I venture to assert that the
human constitution is governed and
controlled by certain fixed and
im
mutable laws. That obedience to
these laws invariably secures happi
ness, and disobedience misery. These
laws-never change on any pretext, or
for any cause whatsoever. ,Being
from God, they are .the impress of
His own unchangeable nature.' 'Our
physical, moral, and spiritual health
depend, upon our observance of these
laws. God never alters them to ac
commodate any one, whatever the ex
igency or supposed consideration.
The man who is morally and spiritu
ally developed, but who has neglect
ed the physical laws, is not therefore
absolved from the penalty resulting
from his carelessness. As The rain
descends upon the just and the un
just, and the same sun shines upon
the , evil as upon the good, so every
other law is executed with impartial
ity. Man needs to know and under
stand his Aihysical wants and the
laws that govern them; he needs to
know and understand his mental ne
cesssities and the inexorable laws
which regulate them. Above all
things is this of importance to the
teacher. His duty lies in laying the
foundation stones not only directly
of human education, but indirectly
of human prosperity and happiness.
The mere culture and development of
the mind is not his only charge. It
is his businesit rather to mold child
hood into perfect manhood and wo
manhood. It is hie duty, therefore,
to look after their physical and mor
al as well as their, , intellectual weld
fare. In these respects our methods!
of education and our habits of disci
pline are sadly erroneous and defi
cient. Instead of commencing at the
foundation—the human constitution
—the laws of health and happiness—
we begin by cramming into the
young mind the laws. of business and
the means of acquiring wealth. We
utterly and entirely ignore the fact
that a sound constitution and good
,health are absolutely indispensible to
success anywhere, and push on blind
ly in developing the mind, when the
very efforts we put forth in 'the= cul
ture of 'the intellect are sapping the
• undations of vitality. I insist that
children should be drilled on the
laws of health; that they should be
taught how inexorable are the laws
of nature with reference to the vigor
of the body and mind; that the fact
should at least be mentioned to them'
that we live and enjoy life according
to law, and not by mere chance and
caprice. I insist that the elements
of physiology, and mental and moral
science,"should be taught in- our
schoolsby empetent teachers; that
our school rooms should be con
structed with a view to= health, and
not with the purpose of breeding flip
eit,:e and converting homes into hos
pitals; that, far example, either at
home M. at school, children be in
formed' that although Water may
have many ordinary ages, that it
may be used as
,a drink, or to turn,
saw-mills and float steamboats, it has
also an extraordinary use: that it can
,be used, and it is sometimes advisa
ble to use it, as a bath. I insist that
the grand principles 'of morality, as
deduced from the phenomena of
mind, be instilled into, ground into,
the -young constitution, until they
shall be as familiar as arithmetic,
and as indelible as the , a, b, c's. No
one can doubt the necessity of these
measures of" further eelf-knowledge,'
or their efficiency in accelerating the
progress of man. Physical and mor
al health is now the' great deficiency
of our •civilization. In mechanical
and scientific investigation, we have
already attained to astounding
heights. It remains for us, to meet,
and vanquish disease, both physical
and moral; and I repeat, the first es
sential is a better, truer, more compre
hensive knowledge of self. Let us re
member that the' knowledge of out
ward things applied.Ao our instruc
thin, cannot' equal the wisdom ' ,that
has its source in ciur own mind s., for
—`•Almighty 'Madam has given
Each man within himself an apte! light,
To guide hie acts, than any light without him."
Again, another element of education
essential to unman progress and de
velOpmen't, is the training of mind to
greater independence of thought.
The civilization of the pait and pres
ent has too great a tendency to con
fine all intellectual effort to stereo
typed forms and fixed channels. The
principle of " association,!' with the
view of effecting great political, reli- .
gions, and social ends, is too promi
nent. Indeed, it has become the
worst enemy, to mankind. I, shall
not attempt to deny that by the as
sociation of .individuals in the prose
cution of a mob, we 'aggregate pow
er and secure for effort -its greatest
efficiency; but until human nature is
more highly and truly cultivated, I
have serious doubts of the wisdom of
oration, especially for social,
political and religions purposes. Few
societies have existed 'in the past, or
exist in the present, without publish
ing to the world and prescribing to
their membership, some infallible
creed, code of principles, or test of
loyalty. These dognlyilre the con
ceptious of a single mind, or the re
sult of the mutual coneessiolis of
many. In all cases, however, • a few
strong, original Minds do the think
ing, and the , masses blindly follow.
Occasionally, it is . true, an independ !
ent thinker comes up from tbe mil
lion, but unless his ideas uniform to
MII
MU LIT QUM&
•
the dicta of th organization b e ie
n • '
unceremoniously "kicked out,": and
socially ostracised.' The, object of the
association is to reform other Men,
not their ows membership, and as its
Isuecesa depends
,entirely upon its
power of cohesion, it m exacting,
mandatory and tyrannical. Now this
is nothing More nor less than claim
ing the F•tiwer of infallthllity, and ex
erting the prerogative to the extent
Of human ability. _How terrible have
been the results to humanity,' the
history of ciiilizatiori abundantly
proves. It hair been the °bath:iota,
inflexible,' tyrannical foe of progress,
since the bigoted Jew crucified Christ
to the crusade of the Evangelical Al
liance arinst science and the Unin
vited C urchin. True religiose re
form has taken no step in advance
but in the teeth,of bristling steel; the
Martyr's stake, and penal laws--the
defensive weapons of existing'reli
gious orders.. Civil Liberty, at every
stage of its progress; has been Com
pelled to,- meet and overcome the.
marshalled array of existing political
power. Social reform has been com
passed only by a triumph over eetab
lished institutionit, after enduring
ridicule - invective, and opprobrium.
Bat this is not all, or the worst.''
In
tellectual effort, mental progrees in
every department of ethical philoso
phy,-hits been hampered, trammelled,
circumscribi4 smothered. No asso
ciationl ever 'conceived an original
idea;—eacieties organize to secure
theiritunphs of preconceived dogmas,
which are in themselves regarded as
-the " ultimate desiderata of effort.
Hence, the tendency is to narrow;
dwarf, emasculate the progressive
principle of the mind. There ,is no
progress in education, there is no
advancement. in learning, there can
be no onward tendency in mental de
velopment, without independent, or
iginal thought; and the acceptation
of fixed beliefs, of stereotyped creeds,
of an "Ipsf dixit," confines study to
known principles , and investigation
to established facts. But-thanks to
that principle in man, almost sublime
in its aroused consciousness of liber
ty; no combination 'of narrowrinind
ed mortals has 'been able to bar the
road to progress, or shut the gate to
human elevation. Humanity never
had a need, that brave men were not
ready to sacrifice friendship, associ
ates, success in life, all that they held
near and dear—aye; life itself,---to
secure and establish.' -What we need
is, that co urageous, e independent,
self-relying thought should be, en
couraged; that the masses shoWd be
taught to think for themselves, shod
re
ly on themselves, to, stake theirisne
eggs - in life, - their character, their
hopes of futurity, on their own in
herent individuality. The maniwito
ransacks libraries for information,
and attends the schools ; may be it
man of knovejedge; but the, thinker
only is a man of power. What we
learn from others is too easily at
tained; it sucks vitality out of exer
tion, and narrows mind. 1 Teachers
and b4ks at best are but helps; in
divid greatness depends not in
cramming, and then blindly follow
ing Ate arbitrary rules 9f other men,
but by testing the truth
.'of externals
by their-harmony with the inherent
dictw-of one's own intellect. "The
spring cannot rise above the foun- .
tain, the servile imitator cannot ex
cel the'object ,of his imitation; the
man, who blindly follows must be a'
tool to the man who leads. Segond
hand thought has no stimulating, vi
talizing power. It is only hei, who
dares to be original, who dares to
differ, who dares to lay claims to the
undisputed control of mind over it
self,i who sets- the , human heart in a
sympathic blaze, rekindles the slum
bering embers of half extinguished
mental fire,' and writes his nam e up
on the annals of time, as a benefae- ,
for to the Mee. True,: to be an ,inde
pendent thinker, requires courage.
You tnustinOt only defy the world,
but fight it; suffer the derision pf 'the
unthinking multitude, and the anath
emas of creed-mongers, before you
can hope to electrify and elevate.
But let it he remembered that to be
a man, a type man, is -to be the no
blest work I - of -God;" and what ele
ment of himanity is there so' enti
tled to veneration and honor, is that
which leads the man to deny Himself
the pleasures of the world and the
transient good opinion of his fellows,
for the sake of teaching the right and
the truth is his conscience dictates.
That man only is the noblest work
of God, who dares to advocate wt
he believes to be for the intnrest
his race regardless °Lids nssocia
tiona; his party, his church, $r even
of his friends. Ile alone defends
truth because he loves it. He alone,
can be,safely-ttusted with the rights
and liberties eMan. He 'shine can
excite others to effort, arouse ienthri
eiasm in the dormant, divert the
wandering from error, - puh civiliza
tion to higher attainments, and safe
ly wield the sceptre of power Cold
knowledge, like cold meats, II is not
only difficult of digestion, but re
quires ' the seasoning influence of
condiments. Independent thoughts,
original ideas, come forth red-hcit,
set the ,mind afire, and bur n
i their
marks indellibly in the memory and
efforts of men.
Ent agaiu : Still, anothqt object
of education is a higher =dr, nobler
conception off the duties and , ends of
life, and a reforrpation in our formil
and habits of c ul ture to correspond
with our changed views. Epieunis,
the last of the ancient materialistic
philosophers,who was born 04 years
before Christ, declared this senti•
ment to be the essence of hips philos
ophy:. " Present happiness the true
end of our. existence." NoW, altho"
the civilized world to-day in the main
discirds the materialistic idea and
extends the period of human happi
mini to an unending: eternity after
death' by their philosophyjstill, in
the practice of our lives we Virtually
embrace the worst features Of mate
rialu3in, bartering happiness, both
'Present and future, •in 0 greedy
struggle after money. As we live
now this is the virtual end of life—
riches;' and he'who can secure -the
most gold and escape the Ipeniten
tiag or the halter is regarded asun
derstanding life's duties best. We
thus, merely for the sake ef glitter
and pomp elevate one pa*t of the
world above the realization of true
<
J 1 L
r
Happiness, and plunge t he remainder
into privation, misery, 'want, the &e
-1
mal awanp of endless toil and snffer
ing, where bliss, never enters and
happitiess is unknown. We
'' believe
this to be wrong. We insist that
money, so far froth being the tree _
end oflife,' is the very lowest and
meanest, 'object of effort. The man
who is so engaged in the mad,rtrug
gle for pelt that be has
~ no time to
atop and taste the fragrant honey
with Which• all the other relation•l r
ships of existence are surfeited, is
mere object of pity—he's a fool. Ep4
ionnius was right. Life is intended
to- be happy! Watery, distress and
suffering, are not the necessary ele : l t
manta of life. They are but the in 4
tridents of error, the consequences of
- violated law. True, the violation of
lawis so common and - universal that
the superficial observer may be parl
doned for dedaring-that
0 Man Ina nude to rociarn,"
bat to the careful student of nature
inch 'an idea
,is revolting. Others
may ; but the student never , can be
Here that a God of " Goodness " cre 4 ,
ated anything to suffer pain , and en;
date misery as it ' s natural state o
existence. He is wiser. By studying
the human constitution he finds the
capacity to suffer inherent, but he
concedes tha't pain has a beneficent
end, that it is the monitor ever ad;
=lashing us to.; " Shun the evil and,
cleave to that which is right." lean
was created with the susceptibility;
Of enjoying unalloyed bliss.: He 7
miserable only because he is disob
client. As it is the true end of life
to securelappiness, so is it the just
object 'of education to train' youth toy
a knoivledge of thelaws necessarito
secure the legitimate ends of exis4
tence ; and as true' happiness can be
attained only by the just- gratifica;
tion and development of all the powi
era, faculties and aspirations of the
Inman organism, it is &he ; proper
business of culture to adareis itself
to the training of the whole beingl
Education has to do with the culti;
ration of living intergers. ' men it
stoops to the development of a frae
lion—a mere atom of tbemental or ;
ganization—it is an inanimated form
of imbicility; it is dangerous,—it
fails. And yet this is too the case
with our forms and habits of eulture
to-day. They have no seope. -
In,'-
stead of a proper and just control of
the passions; instead of cultivating
all the powers and faculties of t 143
mind; instead of satisfying the -
pirations of our higher nature, we
devote oar whole energy to the de
velopment of a single faculty. In.
stead of teaching ,youth to think fOr
themselves on all subjects, we make
them mere machines for special ob
jects. Instead of giving them ad
thentic power we wind them up like
a top and start them on a pivot. Is
it a wonder that so many should im
itate the motions of the top—cora
mence with • meteoric velociti and
gradnally decline tato a waggle ? We
educate too pinch for specialities.
For the sake of money we neglect
the cultivation of manhood and lew
er ourselves to the level of unthink
ing machines. The trades, the prß
fessions, all callings, 'testify to this
lamentable fact, that excellence. a
speciality, with a view to the acqiii
sition of wealth, is the ultiniate as
piration- of (
,culture. Take for i n
our Own profession, and hew
many teachers there are utterly in
oapaeitatid.for any other meet:old
business. The educafor too often is
a mere ninny outside of the school
room. Narrow in mind, tyranicalin
demeanor, bigoted in idea, pedantic
in manners; he may be a resorvoir ;of
knowledge, but he seldom is any
thing more than a formalist in opin
ion, a mere Poll-Parot,--shallow,
nervous, conceitcd,—the exact type
of " Dominic, Simpson," Scott's cele
brated character. ,
Nor is it different with the other
professions. The typical lawyer of
the \ period is one of the , most thread
bare, meagre, mental developments
imaginable. Aside from the routine
of his o ffi ce, he is too often a .simple
ton and ignoramus. The fossil teach
er is innocent and honest, but the
fcissil lawyer is an inordinaie pereon
ification of low canning:. Intellect
ually he is a skeleton set up on ein
tiquated legal stilts,—a eupercilions
tie-up of red tape,—a Darwinian par
adox. He may know the lex loci,—
and when he gets to the Legisliture
or to Congress the le,x latrocin;y--
but he seldom rises to a comprehen
sion of the sublime harmony and
symmetry of law; and the grandeur
of his position as the interpreter; and
giver of " rules of human action."
In the clerical office matters .are but
little better. The average minister
4s pedantry personified and bigotry
armed cap a-pie with the offensive '
weapons—social proscription, excom
munication, infallibility. Tiught
from youth that "all things I are
dross' but those preliminary to his
own exalted calling, it is , well nigh
impossible for him to grasp the force
of a truth outside his.. profession.
Learning his catechism at twenty,
lieelapires to know nothing elle till
death separates him from his labor=
the most exalted calling of humanity,
bat which his stereotyped litties
have lowered to a trade. We held
that these are grave errors in our
habits and. methods 'of education.
No man belonging to the liberal pro
fessions should be acquainted only
with the art and science of .hif own
calling. 'Each truth in the universe
is related to all other truth, and that
man only is truly educated and, con
sequently competent to be truly hap
py whose scope of information is
comprehensive enough to enable him
to grasp and - appreciate this infinite
relationship of pbenomenia. ;True,
we need sufficient discipline in a
particular calling 'to secure
t* J ai com
peten, but no men is justified in
wasting a life time on a seffity
- merely to amass milliOna.o use
ful men of the past, the great minds,
have, been those of whom it ha's been
said they " know and can. de any
thing." Their scope of knowledge
has been broad, their fields of hives?
tigation comprehensive, their sphere
of thought boundless ; . hence, their'
generalization bear the tests of ex
perience and their synthetic grasp of
truth is verified by its harmony with
the wants and - interests of man. The
tree student, the' true maxi of pro-
~. ~; L. _ . . t
P
r
111
great), only ; MOUttliti . the ernes:nit of
mental work by his enduraneel; he
sets no liMits' to ;his fields of I toil
within the; just bounds of his , health
and enjoyMent. Finally, we need to
exercise greater lib erally of tiripight. .
A man should not ',only be - an inde
pendent thinker, al broad and pont
prehensive thiner,l, but a fiber and
considerate tbinke with refer nee to
-the opinions
. of others.
1
Nature his ei and rights r eated man with certain
inalienable rights, chief among which
is tub absolute independence of in
tellect. Men are responsible to ;God
for their Pinions and beliefs, nrid.to
Him alone. Yet, strange to. say', ev
ery page of history 'furnishes us 1 evi
denee,ta violation of this lai, rjust
as though God is pot capable of sa
-1 tling his own accounts with the err
ing, and the sinner, preitimptnous
supercilious .1
an mai has Voluntnrily
atisumed the dutyiiimself. Haing
established a ereednnd test of lOyal
ty, he,dmws his sword and burtliens
every one who ratifies to - learn t his
catechism land' swallow Ws dogmas.
This is the history 1:1 the , past, Big
otry has been the 1 worst of civiliza
tion. AS ii axter well said, " the
pages of historye stained with
blood, WOO, bloo d", The bloOd of
martyrs, 'Or, thanks to manhood an d
indepedence, there are some .., en
wbo have chosen death rather than
• ~ Crook the tiregrutnt htnkes of the knee
net thrift might follow fawning." I
Since the dawn of ; C h ristianity—the ;
purest andl loftiest 1 religion of time,
'and at' the direct : instigation. instigation of its
chosen leaders and revered fathers—
millions have paid the penalty of
free thought with their lives. The
Sublime- teacher said preach the gos
pel of 'peace ; but his followers have
too often traveled earth and sea with
fire mid sword, washing their hands
in. the. blood,. of
_heretics, and gloat
ing their unholy zeal over the ;tor
ments of fr'errien. Even , in our own
enlightenedday pers ecution has not
ended. Devoted to social ostracism,
supercilious - slande, to the indpend
ent thinker, the Bei ntist, the philos
opher:liand the h manita,rian, itG , is
equally odi t ous an 4 bitter. ThiS ,is
not as ,it should 1?e. Man has no
right to trammel and fetter the opin
ions, the beliefs anti the aspirations
of - his feliovs. Demanding the rights
of independence himself, he , should
guarantee . oe same liberty- to every
human bet g. Man has striven long
enough " o bind with his strong
chain to ea th that what is'ndt'eart les
—the Mind." 1 -
I cannot conclude these remarks,'
fellow teachers,_without reiterating
the assertion that in this work of ,
'reformation and of progress our i du
ties are iniportantand unmistakable.
We have the charge of the
.haman
being in RC most important stagit.of
development—phisically, intellectu
ally, mortdly. ."Ithe influence Which
the teacher has over health, morals
and mind,i.ean neither be overesti
mated nor too profoundly realized.
Hence our duties I demand our j best
efforts and our most- conscientious
labor. Let us h-01 forget' that; the
only meats of satisfying the law of
our nature is by the attainment of
r. •
perfection': To this end let us labor
for a higher 'and L nobler knowledge
of self, a greater individuality ef ef
fort, a broader itnowledge of, phe
nomena, add of law; and above all.
while we i istrive to; cultivati much "of
'that spirit whieti . is said -to elevate
mortals to the skies, let us entertain
none - of that tither spirit which would
drag Angels down.:
[
£3TO INS ABOUT ANIMALS,
,
— 1" --
A late umber of the Bulletin de is
*Societe i oyal Protectrice des Ania- -
maux, published L ! at Brussels,
,con
tains some anecdotes illustrative of
this inexplicable faculty of animals
which are worth *oticing for the
benefit of AmeriCau readers who are
curious lit such matters. A dog was
sent, as e present to a friend, a dis
tance of ;twenty-Ave miles. He was
conveye in a Closed basket in a
covered carriage: 'On the night of
his arrival at hislplace of destination
the 'dog Icontiive i d to make his es
cape, and before noon the ne tt day
he had returned; to the point of de
parture,l although the route traversed
a.chain of stee d and rugged moun
tains,
Two Or three cattle disappeared
one night from a, large herd that was
beingdiiven from the mountains WI
Wales tp the London market, and it
was supposed they had been stolen.
Five days afterwards the stray cattle!
appeared at the place in the mottn-1
tains from which they had been driv-1
en, having traveled, in returning td,
their first love; at least 150 miles.'
The incident is not merely a - verifi-I
cation pf Scripture, that the oxlmow-I
eth his Owner as well is the 'ass hisi
master's crib, hut it' hi a complete'
refutation of the proverbial libel:
against! the intelligence of that
,pa-i
tient and useful animal. ' - 1
1
Crabii, it is . well known, are genet=
ally taken to market alive, being conj
fined in bOses4 in mass. The fisheri,
men of! Falmouth, in, Englund, are
accustomed to collect their cral4
jointly,f or at least to throw, them 'into,
one miss for transportation to mar
ket. They take care, however, Li r ,
t,c
mark t e shells, by branding- them
with a of iron in such a manner as
that e h one may know rtt:e lot
which elongato hint.';When thus
marke ,
.they are - plami in boxes
and cOnveyed 'to market in boate,
- some tem miles from the rocky cleft's
whence they are taken. :In one •ul-'
statice;iwhen i boat load thus marked
and Oicked lad reached FalmontA
harbor! within , - a. mile or two, one Of
the boies IVELE bibken and a consid
erable I number of the; imprisione'l
crabs made their vamp° sunultane T
only and, aa it would seem, 'by a
concerted urrangement. Plunging
into the Water, the happy fugitives
made their way hole to their natir
crannies, where three ' days after
wardaie fishermen found many a
them, !recognizing them by the brand
of slavery upon their becks. Th y
had-traveled en miles at least up n
their: {homeward journey. It .as
necessary; in the first place, that they
should find their way from the beat
to the entrance of the harbor pf Fal
mouth, from; whence they , (iira
their Isteps to the rocks of Oar
Lizaill. But i how they should hr
Lizard ..n th
L •
4 • •
rtrt k hl r irefilf tlt iarzi-b) t the m' nght
f- .the extraordinary - feet :How
they got over the distance *Mt sep-
arattii them from their rooky habi
tats is'lees mysterious ; for they:
were probably of the , species -called
soldier," crabs, and accustomed, it
may be, tollong marches. It is, not
in the West Indiee,where
f l ing abotutd, to find them upon for
am expeditions six or , eight r aules
from the shore. ' • ' •
I The Most remarkable . imitance`of
the invitations and unerring faculty
by which animals, under ai l eon.
LTvable circumitanceivare enabled
-find ,their way home through
i ;awe diatricts of country andiron'
great distaneeS retrains to be related.
The Archduke and Archduchess of
Austria spent a portion of last winter
at Menton, where, in "the; hotel in
which they lodged, was a little black
Epaniel of remarkable beauty and
Fptivating ;" tricks and nianners."t
he Archduchess became im much
attached to him that upon 'her re
turn to Vienna she persuaded the
landlord to allow him to accompany
her. The little spaniel was , soon in
stalled in; the ducal'palace as &favor-
its, and treateds.vdth every mark of
'hinderness and consideration that
might lead him_ to -forget his old ' "
home and assobiations. But the fas;
cination of a residence at court bad
no power i rover his better nature, One
day he suddenly • disapperaed and
every effort to discover his where
abouts wwunavailinfs. ,Thge was
consternation and grief at "iiirtennti ;
but at Menton there waW;surpriss
and joy. The faithful spaniel ap
peared in;the course of 'a few days at
his old home, covered with dust and
fainting with fatigue. He bad founa -
his way back through a country'
wholly unknown to him, having trav
eled a distance of -about fifteen bun:"
dred miles. But the devotion of his '
Untraveled heart bad been manifest
oat the cost of his life. The priva,
tions and extraordinary exertions of
lins journey had induced a disease
Of the lungs from which in a few
days he died.
®EE
1111
Ad*EinCe..
IMEI
NUMBER 143,
=I
- ; OONSTITIITIOL
f the Patrons of Husbandry • and
the Nationa/ Grange..
I
I PREAIiBLE.
Human happiness is the acme of
aarthlrambition. Individual happi=
nese depends upon general prosper--
4f
The prosperity of a ,nation is in
proportion to the value of its pro
ductions.:
~The soil is the source from whence
We derive all that constitutes wealth; -
Without it we would have no. sgri
eulture, no manufactures, no com-
Merce. Of all the material gifts of
the Creator, the various productions
Of the vegetable world are of_the first
impOrtance. The art- of agrictdtpre •
is the parent and precursor of all
sits, and ite products the foundation
cif all wealth. ' -
,
The pro actions of the earth are
subject ,to the influence of- natural
laws, invariable and Indisputable;
the amount produced will., conse
quentlylr in proportion to the in
felligenc of the producer, and sue-,,i
cess will 'depend upon his knowledge 1
of the ac ion of these laws, and the
Proper pplication of their prina- ,
pies. .
Hence, knowledge is the founda
iion of happiness. - 1
i Theultimate_ object of this organi•
nation is,for
to
instruction and
protection,_to lighten - labor by diffu3.:
ing a knowledge :of its aims and par-..
poses, *and the mind by tracing'
the bea tifu. laws the Great Creator
has esta fished in the
_Universe, and
to enlarge tour views of Creative-ivis-.
dom and pOwer. To.thoie who read
sright,h . .
istw proves that in all_sges
society 1 fragmentary, and success- •
ful resu is of general welfare can lie
secured only- by general J effort.
Unity o action cannot be 'acquired
iyithout discipline r , and discipline
cannot e enforced with signifiCant
organization: hence we have a cere-
Mony of initiation which binds ns in
mutual fraternity as with a band of
iron; b?t although its influence is so
Powerful, its applicatisn is as- gentle
es that'
,of the silken thread that,
Minds a wreath' of flowers. ' . -
The alrone of Hust:•andty consist
f the f 'lowing: - • •
, CiRGANIZATION: -
Subordinak Granges.
Degree: Laborer, (man,)
(woman.) -- . ' • .'
Id Degree: Cultivator, (man,)
irdess, (woman.) ' ' -
Degree : Harvester, (man,)
r, (woman.) . -
' h Degree: Husbandman,
.matron, (woman.) -
State Grange.
Fff Degree : . Pomona, .(Hope.,)
posedCo of Masters of Subordi
nate Granges and there wives who ,
are Matrons. Past Maste'rs and
their wires who,are Matrons Shall be
honorary members i and' eligible to
,
office but not entitled to voti ' .
National ,Grange.
First
Maid,
Seco
Shephe
(Glenne
' Fou
(man,)
' Sixik Degree : , Flora - , (Charity.)
Composed of Masters of State
Granges antilheir Wives wo have
taken! the degree ofil Pomont Past,
;Masters of State. Grp,ng s, and
tneir'l wives who have taken said
degree of Pomona, shall be i onorary'
members and eligible to oi es, but
not entitled to vote.
Seneh Degree: Ceres, (1"
Members of the, National
who lave served Mie year
may become members-of thi
upon[ application •and elec .
shall have charge of the sec
of the Order, and shall be s
impeachment of all. officer
NatiCnal Grangc. • •
Members of this degree al
ary members of the Nationa
and are eligible to office filo
not ,cntitled to vote.
Imo- CONSTITUTION.
ARTLCI.3 L---Officer
Sr;crtott 1. The officers of a Grange,
either National;, State, or Subordi
nate', consists of and rank as lollows:_
Oierseir, Lecturer; Steward,
Assu3tant Steward, Chaplaib, Treas
urer, Secretary, Gate-keeper, Ceres,
Pomona,,Flora, and Lady lAssistimt
Stallard It is their duty tb see that,
the laws 'Attie Order are carried Out.
Chosen. 4- In !the
Subordinate Granges they ,ahalll be
chosen annually; in the Stake Gran. es
011C0 in two years; 'andin' the Na
tional. Grang e once in three yra. '
All elections to be by ballot:
Vacancies by death or resign& 'on
to tie filled at a special election si the
next regular meeting thereof—
offieera so chosen to serve until the
annual meeting. - I ' '
Sp. 3. The Idaster•of the National
Grange may appoint members 01 the
Order as deputies tor onanize,
Granges ichare no Stets EttatlN
exhs •
r Continua on Aural Page.
Ape
Ille
=1
E=M
sith.)
Grange .
therein
s degree
on. It
, ret work
court of
,s -of the
e honor-
Grange,
rein, but,