TERMS OV -PICESAIOATIOIR.; .Tsca Stais o 7 ltri l Birroarica in published - eregy T Al by 8. W. Azroartei Two Dollen, per spa= In advance' , AdTertiring in all cue unlash* at tau* tioo to the paper. - &PECIAL NOTICED inserted it num curs per line for fret insertion, and Fru curs per Ural for subsequent ineertioria. LOCAL 8011011:8; eame otyle aireading matter. rwrarr curs a line. ADVERTIBEKENTIVeIII be isuperted according W' thee teaming table af rale. : 1. - I 4 • I 1 Inch 151.50 1 1.00 1 6.001 6.00 110.00 1$ 11 2 Inches 1 2.001 5.10 ► 6.001 10.00 1 1160 160.00 inches 4 1 liso I too to.oo i5.0e120.00 ao.oo 4 inches 1 -8.001 8,601;1440 I 18.25 1 2 6 . 00 1 38 . 00 N,l column 1 5.00 1 12.001 18.00 1 22.00 1110.00 1.45.00 -4 column 1 10.001 20.001 88.0014 0 .0 0 1 85.00 !MOO 2 column 1 20.00 1 40.001 60.00 1 80.00 $lOOl $l5O Administrator's and Executor's Notion, $2 ; Audi tor's 'Notices, $2 50 ; Business Cards. Ave lines, fprn Ira?) $5, additional lines $1 each. Yearly - advertisers are entitled to quarterly change% Transient advertisements menthe paid far is adeasin. All Resolutions of Associations; (lommunicstlans • of allotted or individual Interest, and notices of Mar • magas and Deaths, exceeding Avelino% are charged Tr.n oxsys per line. • The REPoltrgn having a larger circulation thin all the papers in the countypombined. makes it the best_ Advertising medium In Northern Pentutylostda. 30N PEINTLKG of every kind. In Plain end Fancy °lora, done with neatness and dispatch. Handbills, Blanks, Cards, Pamphlets. Billheads; Statements. itc. • of every variety and style, printed, - at the shortest notice. The IirPOW/TB °Mee is well supplied with Power Presses, a good asstelskgst of new type. and !cerything In the Printing line can' be executed in e most artistic manner and at the lowest rates. rEIIMO Trini t itlATlLY Tam Butnass - cas. Ntr A.LLA - bE REELER; TT • HOUSE. SIGN AN! FRESCO PAINTER, Towanda. Sept. 15. 1870-yT • • W." DiIIIMOCS, tealer in all kinds of Roofing , fila a, Toirauda, Pao All orders for Roofing promptly ttended to. Particular attPntion given to Cottage a d Proull Roofing. 'nly26nrl FOWLER, - • EAT,' ESTATE • DEALER, No. 278 South Water Street, Chi ct7.o. Illinois, Real Estate pa.-chased and sold. In c,stmerits madeand Money Loaned. May 10,'70.. ("1 AYLORD , 8R0.., ( General Fire Vir and Life huurance Agtey; Policies covering 101. , and damage caused by obtning, In Wyoming, ..74.1 other reliable companies. without additional ~ .r- r ces. 7 H. E. GAYLORD. Iyaltutin7., 31 2 7 23, '7 . S. C. 94,11.01tD. TOM DIINFEE, BIACKSMITB, .) moNROETON, PA., pan. partiCt4r attention 103 rOnlng Thlggies, wagons, Sleighs. &e. Tire set and rppatring done on short notice. Work and charges ennnteed satisfactcry: 12,15,69. MOg TENNYPACKER, HAS scan established himself in . the TAILORING "I'SINESS. Shop over Rockwell's Store. Work of description done in the latest styles. Thwanda, Apill 21. 1870.-tf, ERATSVILLE WOOLEN MILL '; - !..c undersigned would respectfully announce to ~ ruluie that he keepe constantly on band Woolen ; 1•1!ig. C4BSIIIICreR, flannels. Tarns, and all kinds at rAssale and retail: HAIGH & BROADLEY, A lig:1(0RO Proprietor. C . S. RUSSELL'S (IENEB.AL INSURANCE AGENCY, rasy/3'7o—tt riff} UNDERSIGN D 1. TECT BUILDER, wishes to inform the r:tizens of Toivanda 'and vicinity, that ho will give particular attention to drawing pl.ne, designs and F! , t eifirationß for all manner or ,bnilainga, private public. Superintendence Oren for re. EOlll.lO , :.onipensation. Office at residence N. E. corner a Second and Elizabeth streets. J. E. FLE3I3JIG, , Box. 511. Towanda'. Px! MEM NEW PARLOR OF FASHII I N. • SHAVING, ItiiM CUI tING, SHAHPO'H.NO, and HAIR DIEING 1 , c1,• In the Latest Style. Also particular pains J.: en io Cutting Ladies' and Children's Hair, Sham. :tig, Curling and Frizzing. - to GdUSSWAY C LiNclicqxtE, - over the Street, Towanda, Pa. B.ls .• ' ,NV - W. KING' SBURY, . • REAL ESTATE, LITE. FIRE, lt ACCIDENT IN- .'; I: It'A. N C .11 AGENCY corner of Main,and State Streeta, lIIETEEM SASH, DOORS. AND BLINDS I ac. nr , pared to furnish Kiln-dried Doors, Bash hhods of any style, SIZC, or thickness. on short I. . ihr,a in your orders ten days before yon iaan' tVISP the articles, and be sure that you will that will not shrink or swell. Terms cash ca .I:.hrery. T ,, WITIS, duty 19,-1871. GEO. P. CASH. .4\TTQN - & BROTHER, Wilma in :{IDES, PELTS ' CALF /cc., 0 . IT. for v - iiieh the highest cash price is paid at all titaea. Ot , -e it Si. E. , 1-toteofteld's Store, Main-at., .;. DAYTOS, 1. L. VASTIIS. u0v.14.'76 TOWANDA, PA NEW FIRM! Ell' GOODS, LOW PPICES! AT MoNnoETON, PA TRACY &, HOLL9N,,, orbce - rioa -and Provisions, Drugs .1.11/1 - 4./. Ken/Male Oil, Lamps, Chimneys, I:yr - stuffs. Paints, Oils, Varnish, Yankee No- Clears and Snuff. Pure Wines and the bet quality, for medicinal purposes void at the very lowest prices. Pre us -areinily at all hours of the . ah:, Give us a call. TRACT. k HULLOS l'a., June 24, I9G9—ly. DAYTON, So,c , ::ssor to Humphrey Eros., i:;IINESS MAKER, - Orr! Moody's Store, !• 'n a , full Lasgortmc zit or DOUBLE and SIN iiktCSESS. and all ether Roods in his line and manufacturing done ioc n rder. 23, D',7l. IKEItY ! CONFECTIONERY !! GROCERIES rz.e. r , aderslgned begs leave to return thanks to of Towanda and vicinity for the very , Jll patronage extended to him daring the and at the same time to give notice that &Lied to ll§ business • stock of pEST FAMILY GROCERIES a•przpired to offer AT THE LOWEST c..1....11e.mt1aue the Baking busidesa in all and - can furnish anything in, this line ..• rwtice and CAE AN TEE SATISFACTION Ile h 3 also fitted up a DINING Boo3t L. Vial at all times be toady to tarnish Ileals 4 :n. , 'l , lli at much lower ate than usual. aad 6tlv2ri visiting. town are 'lnvited to 42 r l'Aa. A applied with Ice Cream, Cakes, Fruit, ry at short notice. . • th• Mace, nearly opposite the Means MEM ltCii RS BANK, TOWANDA, PA. to it. fi. Itnredi k Co., liankra.) bap 0;It7, Loans Money, Makes' Collec- EN E. BAN KING BUSINESS, am an Incorp;frated. Bank. rv.tt• deNaing to send money to ANT Part st3ltS. e47IILIS, or Europe, this Bank 14.eillue.; and the lowest terms. ?.k S - - AGE TICKETS N•ir4 3:•,..t!a, England, IreWA, S" ) : 4° I•art'uf Europe, and the Orient, the ''ELEBRA.TED INMAN LIN . Ot Sttamera always on hand. " and cell. Gold, Silver, United Statecilonda - arket exteti. th fne e ego of 'Northern Pacific 7 3-10 IL C. 111MC1314 Prestdent. 8. ITSCENT. Cashier. 105r.16 - n V A LUABLETAIUSIXOR SALE, t.) the estate of Wrn. W. East,- 10. decetsel, e:tuated in North .Towanda, AT° fNtra Tex`ania Boro., containing about ne Letwetri m and 100 acres improrad with • • bolsi. x - 011 arranged for two familial, Uawl other out buildings, two orchards. L: -,,:,,r1a.;,at water brought to the • bonne ln further particulars apply to Wm. Er t ataeti-, WardEastabrooks Ulster. Wit. t+el. Troy, of Wilford Illasts . brooks on . Ilb• Vor.esArii ,_ 1 1.; tiNt3AL MEETING of the of the First National Bank of • S f• .r the rte Lion of a Board of AlrocAors l•-,. era-, will be held at the Office L„, • ;' "auk. .T1.T12 , 34 , 41Y. dAN. 11,1873, between ''' , Lre ont Ind tam e o'clock. p.m. N. N. BEITO, Cashles s ziA. Dis. 11111. f I am I em 1 tr. S. W. AlAVOELDOPtiblisher. VOLUME xxxin. IssonsszoNAL cam TAMES WOOD, Arrow= AND Ocstrwumsoz AT LAW, Tcnranda. Ps. Y PEET, ATTORNEY AT H E L N l t Toimada. PL June 21. Orril MONTANTE, ATTO AT UT. OCR-00tear of Kin oad Pine Streets, opposite Porter's Drag fgon. na a WESTON, . DENTIST.- - .L., Office in Pattan's Muck. °Tede:ea Dm, ad Monied Mom . !NIL U. R. T. R JOHNSON, PaTamar A nt Dgratosos. Office over Dr. E. C. Porter Ban & Co.'s Drug Sare. MORROTIT, PHYS/01AN AND F, &mazes. Gears hie prodesalcnsal amion to the ethane of Warren and vicinity. Sadden°, first hones north of J. F.' Oxverl Ettore. Warren Centre, P. apllBlllY TO, ELM. WOODBUBN, Physician LE/ and Swoon. Moe northwest earner Maine and Pine Streets, up stairs. Towanda, Iffay : l. 1872.4ra STREETEB, H. 'I,ATToRNET-kr_wv, - , maY 3O :72. 'TOWANDA. Pa. TT B. Br EA N, ATTORN EY -L.1.• AND Ootnnarrzon LT Law. Towanda. Pa. Par. tirtWiehttention paid to business in the Orphans' Ocrort. WH. CARNOCHA.N, A.TTOR , • ••• -AT Law (District 'Attorney for Brad. remitted. Count" Ito?, Pa. Oolleetttms made *ad prompt ly feb VS—tf. vir B. KELLY, Drngs,—Office • over Wickham & Black's. Towanda. Pa. Teeth inserted on Gold,. Silver. Rubber, and Alum nium base, Teeth extracted without pain. 0c211.72. Tlft. L. BEACH, ' PHYSICIAN AND _A-7, Sentries's. 'Permanently located at Timm*. Pa. Particular attention paid to all Chronic Rises& Caner and Tumors removed 'without ppaaiSnn and without use of the knife. Office at bin reeldencs on State street, two doors emit of Dr. .Pratt's. Attend pleb in office Mondays and Saturdays. .MaylB.l2- MADIIIL & CALIFF, Arroniczni-' AT-LAW. Towanda, Pa. N. J. NIADIEE. C. N. win'. Omen in WoOd's Block, first door south of First National Bank. up stairs.. Jan.8,73-ly nvERTON & ELSBREE, Amos- MT'S AT LAW. TOWS/Rik Pa.. having entered into copartnership, offer their professional services to the public. Special attention given to business in the Orphan's and R,egisters Courts. apll4lo E. OVERTON. JR. ! N. O. amanass. 107 A. PECK'S LAW OFFICE. • Main a ree opposite the Court House. Towanda, Pa. TOWAtiDA, PA Oct. 91,10 CTIR & DAW ES, MOR- N/11M AT Lim, Towanda, Pa. The rindersimml having associated themselves together In the practice of taw, offer their professional services to thepubllc. ULYSSES lilTaihalat. W. T. DAMS. Starch 8.1840. AA. A. WaCEY' COUNTY t31:3- • PERDENT. Towanda, Pa: Mee with B. M. Peck, second door below the Ward Souse. Will be at the office the last Saturday ofteach month and at all other times when not called away on btu& nue connected with the Bnperitendency. All letters honid hereafter be addressed as above. dec-1,70 DR. 3'. W. LYMAN, PITTISICIA7I AND Rcraosow. Office one door east of Devotee building Reel (knee, corner Pine and Rnd street. Towanda. dune 22,1871. JOHN W. Mil, 'ATTORNEY AT Law, Towanda, Bradford Co.. Pa. GENERAL EffittRANCE Apintr. Particular attention paid to Collections and Orphans' Court business. 'Office—Mercues New llbck, north side Public Square. apr. 1, 'S9., TOWANDA. PA DOCTOR 0. LEWIS, A GRADtr ate of the College of "Physicians and EturgeOns," New Tort;, 'city, Class 1143-4, gtrel exclusive attention to the praCtiee of his profession. Oflice and residence nn the eastern Mope of Orwell Hill, adjoining Usury Howe'". San 14, 'b. 111 t.. .D. D. SMITH, Dentist, has purchased ti. H. Wood's property, between Mercur's Block and the Elwell HMSO, where be has located his apace. Teeth extracted without pain by use of pas. I Towanda, Oct. 20. 1870.—fr. DI TIN ROOMS IN CONNECTION WITH THE HAIM% Neir the Court nonce. We are prepared to feed the hungry at all times of the day and evening. Oyeters and Ice Cream in their seasons. March 30..1870. D. W. SCOTT & CO. VLWELL HOUSE, TOWANDA, -1.:1 PA. _ - JOHN C. WILSON Having leastd this House, is now ready to accommo. date the travelling public. No pains nor expense will be spared to give sathdaction to those who may give him a call. xir North side of the public square, east of Mer v:ifs new Mock. D IMEIIIIIRFIELD CREEK HO PETER'. LkSIMIZEBE:II. it - living pl:imbued .and thoroughly refitted old and well-known atand, formerly kept by Sheri?Grif fis, at the mouth of Rummerfield Creek. is ready to give good accommodations and satisfactory treatment to all who may favor him with a call. Dec. 23, sfa—tf. • MEANS HOUSE, TOWA.NDA, /JAL Pa., con. 'aura um naroot errarcrs. _ . . The Horses, Harness. kc. of all guests °tilde house. insured spinal loan by Piro. without_any ex tra charge. A superior quality of Old English Bias Ale, just received. T. B. JORDAN, Towanda, Jan. 24.'71. • Proprietor. WARD HOUSE, • TOWANDA, • BRADFORD courrr, rirszrA. • This popular house, recently leased t b e Messrs. Boos & muss, and havingbeencomple tely redtted, redttat remodeled, and refurnished, affords to the public all the coinforts and modern conveniences of a rind class HoteL - Situate opposite the Park on Main Street, it is eminently convenient for persomwvisit- Mg Towanda, either for pleasure or business. eep6'7l SOON KEENS, Proprietors. MANSION , HOUSE, LERAYEIVIL.I.E , W. W. BROWNING, plovalsrow. This House is conducted In strict/y Temperance Principles. Every effort will be made to make guests comfortable. Good rooms and the table will ..*ways be supplied with the best the market at. fords. Nov.l. 1871. QUPERIOR AGRICULTURAL 11A01.1tEla, for Salo by EfORACE A. COWLES Moe . No. - I.tercur'E Block, north aide of Court }louse square. WHOLESALE 1.::E4 RETAIL DEALER -AND Mowing Maebanes. Horse Poweri and Thrashers. Wheel Hakes, Plaster Bowers, Octin Seeders, Hai Tedders. tieversible and Steel Plows, 0 itirstors. Thill Horne Hoes, Clover Hullers and lianning 1 Catalogues and descriptiv:lllturtrated printed cir culars. turn haled or mailed free to all applicants. It will cost but three cents to Send for circulars in postage Farmers when in Towanda, call and see me. &p ri 22 . B. K. WELLES: ' S. E. J. MINGOS (former!). to ElngsleY, l bas now on has V L & WINTER MILLINERY & FANCY GOODS s large variety. such as real and imitationlLacest 7_ ss sashes, Bows, • Ribbons, Lace Callan sniklileek klitichecin all the latest novelties. She has also the at style* in hair goods real and imitaUort. Hid Gloves, Shell and Straw ornaments, Rotel& R. M. WE.LLES, TOWANDA. 14., St 1 •UFACTIIRERS AGENT. LAWN. NOWESN WAITS DILAWIIIt BUT BKLTSWO DENT CUMIN POWEINI IN THY WOILD, sintu t Essycat HARD On POWER, JiC., AC. DOLLY VARDEN . JEWELRY, In Brace'etic, Combs kc, kc. She has given special attention to old ladies Bonnets load Dress caps, also Infants Caps. Roches, /Sc. I have secured the services of a first class straw kfilliner. and Shall give good satisfaction in all manner of straw work. Booms at the old stand, over Wolff Brothers clothing store. , . CHI4'ABER SETS, cleav er than ever, at I A:J & EMS. - FROST & SONS make the best Ettenalon Table in the world. a BEAT REDUCTION IN FUR: IJFRRITuJZ ant mad% at IOUT Isoll. . . . , . • . . .. . • . . . . . . . . , ..-- % • '. - .I) . ,---; - -. , . . t . i. ~.. . . . ( 1 I • •,,, . ... . l a , ...• ~ , , ~ ) ! L ► l ..,. . ~,...., -( .,., „ ,..: .• , j . O. FROST & ,SONS, MANUFAOTITRERS Our warterams at ail thaw coattla as VEINAL= ABEIONTICERT or OBLICBiIt gni Of an styli* and ootatitaing ntlft lie Maki and Yd so cl t bit i d sonatas tar all. and tan =to bananas. Also tba finest and aunt FAFDDONABLZ SLACK wmarrr PAINA:111 AND LI:BRANT YDAMMITIM, Of aaw and origami dodos tad at tba moat an. plabstyle and IMO. Liao* thole* aamortmoi TABLES, WARDROBES, DRESS ING CAUS. SIDE-BodiDer LtallArd AND DOOLOAIPIS Also a complete line of Teteo-Tetas. Sofia. floosaas Rocha& lan and Parlor • (Shah% to the peelest variety of styles sod prim. Also an esdkes eacia , tlf BEDSTEADS, BUREAUS, CHUBB TABLES, MIRRORS, FEATHER PILLOWS, MA.TRESSES, & SPRING BEDS, Of every alsociptlon, anal la fact eraryildiar to be fond Ina First Claw Pernitsrs Blom CHEAPER THAN Taz CHEAPEST 1- in s e zm e elle n far Lumbar, or IT a Lamb c f , ir f In - COFFINS Of miry deacription fr o mthe most common to the Arrest Rosewood, allmrs cm Mod. Ifs are solo agents for I FLEWS 24:ETAL143 SIIRIAL,CIAEtr& Which are now . conceeded 11* , all parties to bb tiir the beet Netalic Cue to use. We base the FINEST HELBSII In this section of conntry and will tarnish nor thing in the lIND := . T.O line AS LOW se the ei ssizi r q i nty of goods can be got at n ta . ESPP:BI2NOII anfi owanda ci thorough acqualptance with the business, we can mare persons Mai SZIPAMAIM to which they are always . , subject when awning with incompetent parties. STOWS 101 mat 1371.132. /10, - Do not forget the place, 0. =OCT & SOWS. Towanda, April 2, 1872 * * * * * * * ********** *IIDHOTOGRAPHYI * * The tuadersigeed *add Inform the public that !ley have purchased the GALLERY OF ART, • TURD: SG a: GUSTIS. on Hain street. And door carat of -the Tint National Bank. :ad me. 311, by strict attention * to business, and by tho edition of miry * proven:bent in the Arta PitotograOlf. talk* * the place worthy of patronage. Mr. (1171119 t -4 . * 111 to remain with ria. and give his whole tints * and attention to the making of IVORYTYI'ES, • * - PAEMNOS nc on, AND WATIGE COLORS, * * As well as PENCELING in DMA lItK, * Partictdar attention given to the enlarging * of pictures, utd to the finishing of all kinds * *of w ork, so as to mecum tbe best results ' and much time" u possible given to making * negatives of small children. Thou wanting pictures will please Rive ne * • !del, and we think that they sill be esti•- * * fled. • * GEO. EL WOOD k CO. * jaall'72yl ******.** * * * * * * * * M e E. ROSENFIELD'S CLOTHING EMPORIUMI ' i~'rYY' :,4q.r (Formerly a:envied by IL Jambs.) The rapid growt,h of Towanda requires the mob. 401:1 of business, and the undersigned, realising this want of the community in the RRADY MAYS OLO,TKENG LINE • Ras opened a new store in Beaman's 111oelt. (formerly occupied by U. Jsoolas) and is new pre pared-to offer to his old creasers and the public generally. a better stock of MENS' AND BOYS' CLOTHING Than caa be inns in any other establiehnient one. side the dties. My stock has all been purchased from the mini facture= this season. so that I have no old stock to of get rid of, bought at high prices. I have a full llas re) :QV IA of tlio finest quality and Welt atries. which lam Offering &Mir Awes._ MU'MMM I bare no connection with the old stand, and when you want anything In the clothing line. for yoarself or boys, call on me in Baldlauan's Block. U. E. BOSENITELD. Towanda, March 28. 1972. 100 MEN WANTZD To buy the celebrated HARD AND SOFT COAL BURNER COOK STOVES. We have the best line of Stoves In the State. ISIANSOU.) COOK and MODERN . • , - VULCAN gave taken the prionirmis in all the Stite Fairs, anh we know they wee Motel/use Stove. DOMESTIC COOK For soft coal. something new . DOIUSTIO 000 e. For hard or soft coal. Also the lIiVIIaCISL PltintErlMT, MOM*. All Ant-class Stout. PASLOS STOPS& EMPIRE GAS SUMO= 4 41.444). • COSY LIGHTS, • LIGHT nougz. MOOS WHY. 100!!P. unPutoroa, inns FLY, MID BALTIXOII BUM& A fart amortakeut of Hardman, Throws. Copper, and flibertim Ware always on hand. - - All ardersilliad promptly. Job wart doss and warranted, Chits no a sap. Z.BWJ3 t adIALLIT, 11c0r.13.1872. 30. a. arta. It.. Towanda. O. D. BARTLETT & SON, I smmics Awn, Towanda. Ps. Maw bat reliable courpantee represented. 0. D. 241IrCLIM C. DRUMM LIDEL.II7. Nov. la. NOTICE.—d. £ BSCOED, of Towan= de. has just mostildi the Ageacy a die Mier. town Fire Ininumeice Company. ot Weertown. N. T., which hi a - first-clam Company in all respect; with - cash assents of . 41.000.- 1s condos& by its character to Firm Pr= and Dwelling lions* . Wits; is tbsteibts We- Pato all loss or damage' of tearing to pieces. whether are moles or not. Also pays for Use dock killod by lightning in the barna or at large' on the premises. Yen can save money by seeing Kr. Bac, ant before insuring elsewhere. CaU sad get a ar. solar o= one. J. A. 11; 1131%4Arg h Oen Or ali :14 v til 0 :4 G ' GOODS UNITY, riMbimms. GOVERNOR'S MMAGE. • 2b As Sentdo and House of Representation of the Omatznatmattli of Poptsyleania : tharrutinar : In obedience to the requirements ocif the Constitution, I hive the honor of transmitting to you my sixth annual message. Since your last meeting the general course of events, both State and National, has been so propitious as to afford abundant cause for mutual congratu lation, and of `thanksg.ying to that Almighty Providence whose will con trols the destinies of all. While we lave been exempt from the calamity by fire that has befallen the metropo lis of a great sister State,ler misfor inured - tune has to the benefit of our people by the enlistment of that sym pathy for the suffering, which is one of the most. ennobling sentiments 4af the human heart. The seasons, tho' not so favorable for the productions of our soil as in some past_ years, have been sufficiently fruitful; and no general epidemic has appeared to disturb the pursuits, or fill_with sor row the • hearts of our population. Our mining industries, manufactures and- internal commerce, are being constantly enlarged and extended, and their enterprising proprietors are generally receiving remunerative returns. A great political conflict has oc currecl, resulting in a signal triumph of the'same principles that were as sertee in the resteration of the Union, the amendments of the Con stitution, and the reconstruction of the States. The victory in Pennsyl- Tallid was decisive of' the victory in the nation; and will ever be remem bered as an inestimable contribution to the harmony, prosperity and glory of the Country. The election of the soldier, who " is first in war," to the office that makes him "first in peace," was an appropriate exhibition of na tional gratitude,. and inspires ,the deepest feelings of satisfaction "in the hearts of his countrymen." While the, Constitution wisely withholds from the Governor all power of interference in legislation, it imposes non him the duty of lay ing before the General Assembly such information of theetate of of and, recommending to their consideration such measures as be may deem expedient and important td the public welfare.., I am happy tO,:iitlorm yon that peace and gcxxl, .order have been maintained by thenforcement of just and equal laws, and the legiti mate exercise of authority continues to find an enduring basis of support in the intelligence, affections and moral sense of the people. MANCM. The credit of the State remains unquestioned abroad, because her public faith has been inviolably maintained at home. The following condensed statement of the receipts, expenditures and indebtedness of the Commonwealth is respectfully submitted : I'f Balance in Tree snryNovember 30, - 1871 91,476,808 59 Ordinary receipts .during the fis cal year ending November 30, 1872 . 7,148,637 45 Totalo in Treasury during year ending Nov. 30, 1872 . 98,625,446 04 rasnunsExtEttrs. Crab:lark expenses paid during - year ending Nov. 30,1872 $2,960,631 55 Loans, &c., redeemed , 2,476,326 00 interest on loans paid.........::1,706,032 88 Total disbprsements. $7,142,990 43 Balance in Treasury Nov. 30, '72. $1,482,455 61 - TUBLIC DEBT. ' The public debt on Nov. 30, 1871, was . . .. 128,980,071 73 Add Charnbersburg certificates. 299,748 91 Add Agricultural College Land Scrip fund, held in trust, as per Act approved April 3, '72. 500,000 00 $29,779,820 14 Deduct amount paid.* Commis sioners of the Sinking Fund daring, the year ending-Nor: 30, 1872 '12,476,326 00 Public debt, Nov. 30, 1872 27,303,494. 64 Deduct assets in sinking Fund.. $9,800,000 00 And cash balance in-Treasury.... 1,482,455 61 • Amount of assets and ash - . 10,782,455 61 Balance of public debt' unprovid ed for 16,521;039 03 which can be extinguished in ten years by the annual payment , ' of one mill ion sit hundred nsand Ham 'During the- last six years payments on the debt have been made as fol low: . Amorint paid in 1867 11,791,644 50 Do ... 1868 . 2,414,816 64 D 0..., 186' .. 472,406 18 D0....-._ 1870 1.702.879 05 Do 1871 .. 2,131,590 17 Do 41872 . 2,476,326 00 Total payments 110,992,662 54 Being a little over twenty-nine per cent_ on the •debt due December 1, 1866, which was then $37,704,409.77. 1301EING IVIED. In remarking upon this subject, I trust it will be instructive to refer, briefly, to some of the facts relating to the - accumulation and payment of the public debt, and the ongin of the assets arising , from the; sale of the public improvements. However wise our predecessors were in opening avenues for trade and commerce, and however great were the benefits resulting to the people from the internal improve ments of the State, it is obvious, that while those of other States rarely failed to become sources of revenue, the management of ours was such as to produce results widely different. A large majority of the taxpayers, therefore, after long and patient en durance, becoming dissatisfied with their management, demanded - they should be sold; assuming it would be a measure of economy, and wouldprevent an increase of the public ob ligation& The' construction of the improve ments resulted in a public debt, r which, in 1852, reached its Mini mum, $41,524,875.37. The interest, premiums and, other expenses that have been paid upon the debt, from its incipiency to November 30, 1872, sum up $76,845,744.99; and mak the entire expenditure on account of the public works, $118,370,620.36. 'ln pursuance of law the State M ush and railroads were sold in 1857, for eleven million dollars in bonds ; upon which the State has received $1,700,000.00 in cash, . and $9,300,- 000.00 remains in the hands of the commissioners of the Sinking Fund, TOWANDA, BRADFORD COUNTY, PA., JANUARY 16,1873. Bonds of the Pennsylvania Rail road Common mowed by ban on the FhWelphia & GOlumbia Railroad. 0,800,000 00 bonds of the AllilbenY V Railroad Company. aeon fo Thi rooo, guaranteed by the Pennsylvanisosd Clomps z_ly, Northern Central pan; and the Pbalelp laih rs & Erie Railread as eon ni x= abje flOO,OOO ain't Jan., ters. bearl4 5 Per 'oemt. Interest frcen Janu ary lB72 .. 3,500,000 00 Amount of assets..... ~ .. .... 9,300,000 00 MUM, ON Tax roaraoma 77NANaLti. The proper and efficient manage ment of the finances, is one of the most important duties of the admin istration, of the State government. The collection of the revenue; the economical expenditure ; the safe keeping of the public moneys, and well-guarded appropriation bills, are always questions of deep interest to the tax-payers of the State. It is a lasting honor - to the people of Pennsylvania, that they have newer even when struggling under the most oppressive burdens, permitted the integrity .of the State to be doubted, and now it cannot be other wise than gratifying to them, to learn the rapid extinguishment of the pub lic indebtedness, the greater part of which was incurred , for improve inents, which, as herein already shown, utterly failed to be advanta geous to her coffers. , The rapid reduction Of the State debt, and the reductien of taxation, have gone hand in baud throughout my entire administration, and have ccmstitnted a marked portion - of 'its policy, attesting, at the same time, the concurrence and wisdom of the Legislature, and the fidelity of those who have been the custodians , of the public funds. ThiO policy shoal, be continued, and no attempt to cover :up or con ceal th'e actual expenses of the gov eniment should be made for the pur' pose of obtaining thci people's con sent to appropriations, or enterprises of doubtful propriety; which propo sitions; if coupled with a Condition to raise the money by immediate and direct taxation, would be unhesitat ingly rejected. The Legislative appropriations, during the last six years, made in aid of the various institutions for the support of the deaf, diimb, blind, in sane; feeble-minded, friendless, wan derers, orphans, soldiers' homes, hos pitals, universities, houses of correc tion, penitentiaries, and the payment of military, expenses, incurred ' du ring the war ; expenses of govern ment, common schools, and soldiers' orphans' schools, amount to about $17,000;000. The expenses of the soldiers' or phans' schools alone, during the same time, is $3,467,543.11, and, although it is a most noble and patriotic ex' penditure, it.is, nevertheless, an un usual one, and if such a necessity had not eiisted, the redaction of the State debt, during their existence, would have been nearly fifteen mil „lion dollars. During the past six years, the cur rent of legislation has been steadily in favor of reduced taxation. Not . 'onlyhave numerous local laws been enacted, exempting churches, Ceme teries, schools, hospitals and other institutions from taxation, but many general laws of the same character have been passed, as is shown by the following enumeration : By the "act to amend the revenue laws," approved, February 23, 1866, .all real estate in the Commonwealth was thereafter made exempt from taxation for State purpose& By the act approved March 30, 1866, all persons who served nine months or upwards in the military service, or who were honorably dis charged therefrom by reason of wounds or physical disability con tracted therein, and their property, were exonerated from all bounties, and per capita tax and military fines. The act of April 29, 1867, repealed all ; laws requiring payment ,of taxes to the State on sales of loan and stocks by auctioneers. • By the act of April 10, 1867, all trustees, or owners of property to the value of thirty-fire thousand dol -1 lars, used for soldiers' orphans' schools, were exempted from all " county, road, city, borough, poor and school taxes?' By the act of April 4,' 1868, and the sup plements thereto i " all mort gages, judgm ents , recognizancea, and moneys, owing upon articles of agreement for the sale of rent estate " were made "exempt from all taxi tion, except for State purposes." By an act approved January 3, 1868, all laws therein recited .were reed, which imposed taxed upon " shares of stock held by any stockholder in any institution or company, incorparated under the laws of this State, which in its cor porate capacity is liable to, and pays into Ate State Treasury the tax oh capital stock iraposed ' by the 'acts herein recited. . a : ; y1 4a)A IF&'LJ . -4 'o' l •4 irrAnwzzrrs. The act of June 2, 1871, repealed so much of the law of April 29, 1844, as imposed a tax - of two per cent. on salaries, trades, offices, occupations and professions. ° And by the act of April 3, 1872, the sixth sectionof the law of April, 1, 1854, was repealed, which impos ed a tax of one-half of , one per cent.. on the capital stock of all corpora tions created under laws "to enable joint .tenants, telLants in 00113111011, and adjoining owners of mineral lands, to manage and develop the same." In view of these facts', the practical quest trans now are, can any further reductions be Priermade 7 And if so, on what staieete itofore on several occasions. have in vited the attention of the Lee/datum to the importance of adopting a more liberal policy towards those citizen" who are engaged in in dustrial enterprises which employ large num bers of work men, and tend to develop the resources e Commonwealth. Ihvolvin gg great risks, and requiring for their n ocesslhl conduct a large amount of capital, these opera tions have been, in the MUICI, conducted by means of associations, organivv4 under the general laws which regulate the incorporation of manufacturing, mining and improvement =parties! These laws, while they resemb.e in their pnncipal features the liberal systems in force in other States, fail In their ostensible pupate of encouraging manufacturing indus try, because t usly burdened he pri ith taxationvileges they grant are enor mo w. This may be illustrated, by supposing the case of twenty persons, who each subscribe eve thousand dol ars to the stock of a company organized for the purpose of producing oil, or mining ore or coal. or mannfackiring cotton or treetop goods, iron or steel, or any other com modity. The hand thus crested must be et. peadod In lanes, buildinp' and petmanent.im =nto, which are Wahl* foe all ame Wool as it they will. oby an individual operator. Li addition to this the company must par a bonus of onalburth of one pee cent. to the Commonwealth upon it. stock amounting to the sum of two hundred and fifty dollixs. It is thereafter liable to an annual tasapon 141 capital stock at the rate of one-half m ill for eqaacch one per cent. of dirt den& made or In ease of no divi dends- having been made or declared, then three mills upon the appraised value of the stock. Also, a tax of three per cent. upon the' entire amount of net earnings or income. Also, a tax of five pel eent. on all interest paid to bondholders and other creditors. (FOr all these taxes. see act of Kay 1.1868.) An individual, wealthy enough to furnish a handled thousand dollars in 13Thil.r business, would be wholly free from these exactions. The State imposes none of these burdens upon bun. It does not keep an espionage upon his business, or demand from him sworn state ments of his annual profits. It discriminates in his favor against thb association of small capitalists which It professes to encourge. An d without sharing in any of the stockholders' risks; it makes itself a partner in their profits, and follows them with a grasping band, and a nerer-ceasing vigilance of an Inquisitorial char acter over their affairs. Such conditions are unknown to the' laws rot New England, New York and other rival man ufacturing States, which, without exception, carefully 'prohibit duplicating of taxes upon their own industry. Stock in rcuumfacturing companies isgenerally taxed by them at its value, like other personal property, but first the value of all real estate represented by the stock is deducted, and made taxable lime the( property of other individuals in the region where the lands are located. It la by such lib eral provisions that these States have fostered their industries and maintained a monopoly of capital and supremacy in manufactures. The Western and Southern States, for many years our customers, ore beginning to be our rival': and desiring to draw to themselves the benefits flowing from diversified industry, they are enacting the most liberal laws for -The en couragement of corporate and individual , ef forts to establish manufactories, and in addi tion to this, 'towns and cities ire giving large subsidies to Secure the erection of mills and factories within their limits. Notwithstanding the discovery of large bodies of coal in the Western States, and their close proximity to vast masses of - pure eras, Permsylvania would still possess at least equal; if not superior, at tractions for the investment of capital, were it not for her oppressive tax laws • all of which hive a.tendency to drive capitalists beyond her borders to seek locations less burdened for their investments. . Nothing but a very strong necessity could justify such a variety of taxes upon the same thing. And it any Justification ever existed, I believe it - to exist no longer. The time has come when, with proper diligence in collecting and economy in expenditures, the State can well airord a reduction of taxation; and legisla tion in that direction should be such as to re lieve the undue burdens of taxation from every form of productive inaustry. T would, there fore, recommend that the enrollment tax upon private acts chartering indtistrtal compamas, and the bonus upon stock of such companies when organized under general laws, be consid ered a fall equivalent to the Commonwealth for the privileges of a charter • and that all 'State taxes upon capital stock , net earnings 'and dividends of manufacturing, mining and improvement companies, and al- co-operative associations, be reperded. This reduction will amount to t:l9,sst—the sum collected last year. I also recommend the repeal of that source of revenue known in the Auditor Gum; rare report as "Tax on Loans," which amounts to $1.92,407.25. It is confidently believed, that with these proposed reduction, which amount to $1,011,- 961.51. the State can still pay 'all her current expenses, the interest on the public debt, and make an annual reduction of at least one mil lion five hundred thousand dollars upon the principal. • GEOLOCLICAL StAbM. Numerous communications, signed by many enterprising and intelligent citizens , continue to reach me, on the subject of a geological and, mineralogical survey, urging me to commend it to your careful consideration. In my annual messages of 1870 and 18711 I laid before the General Assembly the necessity for a continuation of the surveys already made in order that the mineralogical resources . of the State should be more fully ,and perfectly ascertained; and expreased the opinion that the results. would be interesting andj valuable, nut only to our citiZens indine.nally, but to the entire country. .A.ssdrances have been given b the officersof ,he United States Coast Survey', of the great interest they will take in Our Sta o, in the event they carry out their intention to cross the con tinent to connect the "Ocean lines of Coast Surveys." This connection will pass through Pennsylvania, and will materially .assist in de termining, and establisning one or more points in each county , through which the line will pass, aid in triangulating so far as to enable us to rectify our county maps, and connect them in a correct map . of the State. And 'as the State Geologist progresses with his studies and examinations, he should cause to be accurately, represented upon the corrected maps, by colors and other appropriate means, the various areas occupied by the different geological formations and place them in the possession of the People, for their information, prior' to the completion and publication of a full account of the survey. A State map of the kind indicated, with all the discoveries marked in proper colors there on, would give to the thousands of natters from our own country and from foreign lands, who Will attend the Centennial celebration, some approximate idea of the incalculable wealth beneath the soil of our State; and would have an importance in their sight that could be conveyed to them. in no other possible man ner. The expenses of a geological corps, properly organized, and such as Would he competent to perform the duties required, have been, care fully estimated, and will not exceed forty-five thousand dollars for the first year, 'and need not be quite as much annually thereafter. In recommending this measure two years ago, I said : "Sor want of a proper bureau of statis tics, and a corps of observation and publication to collate and relate the facts of our geology and mineralogy as they have appeared, the State has already suffered severely. Much val uable information has been lost, never to be re covered; and but little certain knowledge of past mining,, and other ectentitle, operations, has been preserved to govern and assist the future engineer. It is, therefore, neither wise nor just policy to delay this work under the pretext that it may boa more perfectly effected at some future time. There ' is a present neces sity for it, though the time. never will come when such a work can be considered perfect. New developments in mineral resources, as well as additional acquirements in scientific knowl edge, will constantly be made as long as the world exists. The sooner, therefore, in my opinion, a thorough survey is authorized, the better it will bo for the - prospective interests of the State, as well as for its present necessiffEs.." The, golden destiny of the Pacific States may well bk.encied: bat our coal, ore, oil, 'lumber and soil, are a much better foundition' for wealth and cult greatness than the pro. ducts of I their placers, and the !transient prosperity they have produced. Let us' build upon an 'enduring. basis, and the world will farever pay a golden tribute to our products and industries—the true wealth of Pennsylva n lIILEAII by LADOII STATISTICS AND 07 eanictt,- 1 Too. By an act approved April-12,.1872, establish ing a " Bureau of Labor Statistics and of Agn culture," the Governor was authorized to ap point sC4mmissioner of that Department. Ac cordingly, Thomas CI Ilacdowell of Dauphin county, teas appeinted, He immediately es tablished his office in the Capitol building, as required by the act, and commenced - the work of collecting the necessary information and ar ranging the statistical tables, in proper and convenient form to be laid before the Legisla ture, and for distribution among oar citizens. The functions of the commissioner embrace the examination of nearly , all the varied indus tries of the Scats and are deified in the act es follows " The defies of such officer shall be to collect, compile and -systematize statistics, with reference to the subject of labor in its r& lations to the social, educational, indostnal ad! general condithn, wages and treatment of all classes of working peephi,, and , how the same affect our permanent prosperity and , produc tive industry. It shall also be the ditty of teach Bureau to'coilect, collate and classify . statistics relating tO the mineral , manufacturing, a,„eri ,eultnral and commercial productions of this Cornmormealth." The fourth section makes it the duty of the chief of such Bureau to re port annually to the Legislature, in convenient farm, the result of his investigations. The act does not appropriate any money to defray the necessary contingent expenses of putting the Department in working order, nor does it prescribe the ember of obtaining the information required, or that it shall be fur nished; and it leaves the commissioner without any means by which be can obtain it, except by the voluntary set of those engaged in busi ness. These were evidently over-sights which will doubtless be corrected by an appropriation, and by the pasiage of such enactments as will enable the comtmssioner to procure, from the proper sources, the • information required to carry out the intent and meaning of the law. . When it is remembered that Pennsylvania ranks second in population; second in manufac tures; sixth as a wheat growing State, and first in point of mineral wealth and resources, among the States of the Union ; it should not be a question of dollars and cents, whether her vast and varied resources shall be lett to be de veloped by the slow process of casual discovery, or be properly introduced to the nptice of cap. Waists at home arid abroad, by authorized and °tibial statements of facts. The information that will be farnisbel, will not only be of great practical value-to the citi i of the State, but it will afford the retire ; aentatives of the people, who are charged from Cycar to year with the responsibilities of legbda- Sion, the best and moat compendious source of • information. the importance of which can only be estimated by experience. Pennsylvania stands pre-eminent for her mineral resources, possesdng, si she does, the outline:nen anthracite coal fiMit, of any wow queue*, whilst her iron ores and Oil are a source of ineshanstille wealth that ne tt eige lea compute- . lion. A few Items only are to prove the correctness of itieseretnarkal bon of coal, from the anthracite regions, - in 1820, was 385 tons; in 1870 it reacted the enor mous amount of 10,951.585 tot*, and it Is esti mated that the product will be 'Welled in 1872, to upwards of 22,000,000 tons. I the increase in the production of anthracite coal has been so rapid and wonderful in a period of fifty-two years, who can estimate its growth within the next half eenW7? 'The product, of our titre, minims coal fieNs. in 1870, foots np 14,1168.4435 tons. The two makit'an aggregate 'of 34,920,- 050 tons for that year. Meanwhile, the development and growth of. the old production of the north-western comi ties, almost challenges the creduhty of our pso pie. Prom August, 1850, when Drake s..ak the first well. to the elate of 1864, the production was 221.000,000 gallons, yielding the sum of t 29,820,000. In 1864, about 62,000,000 gallons were refined, the average price of which,• in bond, at New York (sixty-two cents per galkm), gave a vane of 03,440,000. The entire pro duction, up to 1868; was 327,692,524 gallons, equal to 8,493,339 barrels of crude oil: There is no doubt the future reports of the commissioner will disclose an equally rapid in crease in the production 'of oil, and other facts concerning it.not less gratifying. • The remunerative prices paid at present for metal is inducing the erection of a large number of first-class furnaces, which will ma terially Increase the wealth of the State, and give a new impetus:to other branches of busi ness dependent upon their products' for active 'and profitable results in the near future. There are other questions of much interest to the public welfare, which• cap only be evolv ed with any degree of certainty by careful in vestigations; such as those affecting the health, comfort and general well-being of the people, but more especially - the industrial classes, who are the main dependence of the State for its continued prosperity. The question of lab or, in all its relations, is one that constantly 'en gagese a large share of attention, and the shb ct can only be intelligently and properly legis ted upon, after the researches of the statisti cian are laid before the Legislature, with such accompanying testimony w h ich reduce a demonstration the abases exist in oar social system. Much might be said in this connection, but your patience shall not be un duly unduly taxed by more extended observa tions, as I am confident the question of labor,. in all its relations, cannot fail to engage the irons attention of enlightened and patriotic representatives. Bureau of Statistics, I moat earnestly bespeak for it liberal approprialli , ns, as well as the fos tering care of the Legislature. , CONGEESSION&L APP.I3IITION3IM2. On the night prior to the adlournrrient of the Legislature at its last session, a bill was sub mitted for my approval apportioning th e State into Congressional districts, for the period of ten years, under the national census of 1870.' The enactment was highly objectionable in many of its features; and Congress then had under consideration a supplemental bill pro posing an increase of representatives, that would give one additional member to . this State. This afterwards became a law, thereby giving to Pennsylvania twenty-seven members of Congress instead of twenty-six, as provided for in the legislative enactment of the Last ses sion. The latter having failed to receive Exec utive approval, the Congressional elections Last October were held under the former law, and the three additional members apportion ed to the State were chosen as members at large by' the vote of the whole people. Hence, the duty of enacting another apportionment bill devolves upon the present Legislature, and I request for it that careful and patriotic consideration required by the magnitude of . the interests in volved. ',4errArs vcrasicuza. The sixth section of, the sixth article of the Constitution declares that— • " A. state Treasurer stall be elected annually b u y joint vote of both branches of Itt4 Legishv t - i But the Legislature, by joint resolution, passed at two co.secutive sessions, and approv ed by popular vote at the last October election, has amended this part; of the Constitution, by striking out the - section above quoted, and in serting in place thereof the following : " • state Treasurer shall be choiken by the qualified electors of the State, at such times and for Inch term of service as shall be pre scribed by daw." The adoption of this amendment *ill be offi cially proclaimed on the second Tuesday of January, 1873, and will supersede existing laws for the election of State Treasurer by the Leg islature. Inasmuch as no provision seems to, have been made by law for- filling this office, from the first Monday of 3f ay next 'until an election can be had by the people under the amended Constitution, I invite the attention of the Legislature to this condition of the subject; and recommend such action as will carry out the amendmentoind in the meantime •secure so important an interest of the Commonwealth. Co\ala ti it,i OPAL COMMTION. The several duties imposed upon the Paean th.e and Secretary of State, by the act of, the last session authorising the convention, were duly performed. The. delegates having been chosen at the October election, convened in :this city on the twelfth day of IS ovember. The convention, after completing its organization, appouatitig its standing committees, adopting rules for its gevernnient, adjourned to meet at Philadelphia on the seventh - of the present month. careful revision of our fundamental law is 'Operatively demanded by the highest consid erations of public welfare; and it is confidently hoped the action of that body maybe such as to meet the Just expectations of enlightened public opinion. • SANCITri OF TUE BALLOT-110X. Many- of the laws now upon our statute books wero designed to fortify the ballot-box against corruptmn and fraud, but practically they have often been rendered impotent for that purpose, and even for the prevention of false returns. lininerdus complaints have been made to inc on this subject by many high tba respectabl citizens, who have requested would, o nce more; `urge it upon the at tention of the Legislature, and ask the passage of more stringent enactments for the suppres sion of inch crimes against the rights of the citizen. Redress for these wrongs is expected from tha Cousticutional Convention and it is hoped the public expectations will b e realized. It is believed, however, the Legislature can remedy some of Abe evils complained of, and I,lu 3 nr attention is earnestly invited to the sub ect, in order that whatever is practicable may done to guard the purity of the ballot-box, and the rights of electors. wars or Eason auxam, cuss The - attention of the Legislature is again invited to the importance of writs of error is criminal cases, and referrence is made to my last two annual messages for the -arguments and reasons why there should be, rdditionsl legislation ultou this subject. [DOC tTION. With great propriety, the Superintendent, in the opening of his able report, congratulates .the people upon the continued growth and pros pentyof our public schools. Their progress is clearly indicated by com paring the expenditures of the last six years prior to 1867, viz : Total cost for tuition from 1367 to 1872, $'21,578,258 61 Total cost for tuition from 1861 to 1866 12,715, 061 71 IncreaselB,B33,l96 90 Total expenditures of the - system from 1867 to 1872, 812,632,152'11 Total expenditures of the system from t 1866, . 19,59t),149 51 , . --- Increase 8:0,361,902 60 Pennsylvania, less fortunate than many of her sister States, has no school fund. The leg .islanve appropriations amount to only about sir hundred thousand dollars annually ; but the people, inthe several districts, voluntarily vote all other moneys necessary to support i the schools. The lomoing statements briefly ex hibit the deep increasing interest enter tained in behalf of popular education. lutelligence and virtue - are' conceeded to be indispensable conditions of any form of govern ment. The necessity of these' supports in creasesin proportion as the - area of freedom _and privilege is enlarged. • It follows, from these unquestioned marinas, that the, demand ' for general education is more imperative in the lanted States than in any other country. Our Constitution recognized , - the people as the e, inherent source (gall power. All par kipate in the great act of cresting the country's rulers. The ballot decides all questions of chonse, and tills all official pesitions, from that of the chief magistrate of the nation' to that of the lowest town officer. This, supreme and relining power of univereal suffrage, at once suggests -the abet:lllW necessity of universal education. The tooth of these premises admitted: no uneut is'required t, istabltsh the conclusion. ale coiumou school astern treahtless owes :it • origin to a conimpu ccalvictiou that no pi.o. pie can bo p openly and permanently self-gov erning, whose mtelligence iii uneqnal to the comprehension 'of -their rights, privileges and respousibilitits. or whose suture are too feeble and imperfect to restrain them from ;violation of those duties which they owe to their Creator and to.each other. '1 Whethe system eras introduced, thirty-eight years ago, it was generally viewed in the light of an experinatnt. The act creating it made its adoption :dependent upim the vote of the pee pla in their respective districts. Their reluctant and tardy acceptance of the pricelest boon -is neither matter of surprise to us, nor reproach to them, when all the circwns lances are dui, , considered. Its present popularity is indicatsa by the entire absence of complaint, and a stiii On per Annum in - A.dvance• more significal.l readiness, by the pealsle, to assume the expenses requisite for its constant improvement and efficient application. "'Doubt less many years melt !lapse before the fall fruition- of its influences can be received, bat, meanwhile, it will be gradually moulding the popinar mind into more perfect conformity with the requirement/I*feet free institutions. Fortunate the the old prejudice against the sys tem no longer exists; ',but indifference, to a lamentable extent, occutnes Its place. _Prom the report ;Atha Superintendent it appeart that the ntunber of children in the State, who do not attend school, exetedeseventy-rive thous and. This criminal neglect is moat prevalent in the cities. In Philadelphia twelve pa cent. of the children between the ages :of ve and fifteen years do not attend school Slit more significant and alarming still, of the whole num ber registered as attendants, forty-six per cent. are absent from the daily sessions. In the State at large the unregistered amount to six percent., and the absentees to thirty-three per cent. And, as was naturally to be expected, the resulting ignorance &dm this neglect has proved a fruitful source orerime.. Sixteen per cent. of the-inmates of the State prisons are unable to read. - Obviously, therefOre, it is not sufficient that the State makes amply prevision.' Such mea sures should b. immediately adopted as 'Would secures universal ygptielpation of the benefit. The children are not to bla&e. They naturally prefer freedom and amusement to the confine ment and studies of the school room. Parents and guardians are the.parties with whom the State must deal. She owes it alike to her own peace and security, and to , the highest welfare of the children who are to bo her future citiz ens, to see that they shall be rescued from the perils of ignorance. After careful and anxious deliberation upon all the facta, and their inevitable consequence, Lrecommend the adoption of a compulsory system of education. That a law to this effect will encounter objections is not to be doubted . ; for in view of the probability of such a mea sure, its oppohents have already commenced to marshal their forces. ', In Norway, Sweden and Pruisia tLis system was first adopted, and such have been its salu tary effects that other European governinenta lave 'made haste to follow their example: nstris, admonished by the defeat at Sadows, Prance by the crushing disaster at Sedan. and England by the possibility of z real "battle of Dorking," hive decreed by statute that all their children shall be taught to read and write, in fluenced by a conviction that knowledge gives increased prowess in war as well as capacity and integrity for the peaceful pursuits of life. And it is a fact , of striking significance that none of the States that have passed such enact ments hive abandoned or repealed them. In passing froth this topic of paramount importance to the future well-being of the Com monwealth,l unhesitatingly expressed the hope , than the day is not distant when through the Bureau of National Education, seconded by the concurrent legislative sAion of the States, every child in 'the American Union, without reference to creed, caste, color or, condition,- 'will be thoroughly and effectually instructed in all the elementary branches of English educe- lien-, and 'that uniform text books, setting forth the true history and theory of cur Na tioeal and Stategovernments, will be provided 'and intro ducedinto all the schools of the coun try. Approximation of thought and opinion en these subjects is, of vital consequence to the permanence of the Union, and tee stability -of our republican institutions. Had such a mea ure been opportunely initiated the war of the reliellion would scarcely have bum possible. Should you deem your powers inadequate to enact imitable laws upon this subject . . the Con stitutional _Convention now in session, should not hesitate ti habilitate you with such, auth ority, and thus lend their aid aid influence in making Pennsylvania the vanguard in the great mission of universal education. ‘ From the report of the 'Superintendent of Soldiers' Orphaneschools, -and other sources, I feel fully authorized in assuring you they were never before in a' more flourishing and prosperous condition. Every child, legallyeligible, andhaving made , application, is now admitted - to these schools. The whole number of admisslona since 1865 is 6,429' the discharges from all causes 2,902, leav ing ha attendance 5,527. No larger number will probably hereafter be attained, and it may confhlently be expected that this number will -be subject to an anneal reduction of at least 500, until the system shall have accomplished its mission. - The entire expen se of thelie schools in the State, since they welt into operation in 1865, is $3,467,553 11. Their cost during the last year was 1475,245 47. It is estimated by the Superintendent that the future expense to the period of their final extinction, , will not exceed one million five hundred thousand dollars. The health of the children has been excellent. Their exception from small-pox, while it was prevailing all around them, is ,remarkable; remarkable' and no stronger evidence of good management and the propitious results of systematic vaccination, could be adduced. _The exemplary :conduct of the pupils after their discharge is one of the •most gratifying_ circumstances connected with their history. The following statement of the Superintendent will be highly satisfactory to the Legislature and the people ; "From the beginning or these schools to the present, the greater part of the children who. have ,received their advantages have been honorably dis charged. And from facts in the possession of the department, it appears that more. than ninety-eight per cent, are doing well, and gem lady to become upright and %vita - citizens." _ . Aniongqhe States of the American Union, Pennsylvania stands pre-emi nent in her " care for the ;soldier who has borne the battle, and - for his widow still - Orphan - nhildren.". Her noble scheme for clothing, edu cating, maintaining and adopting the orphan children of her soldiers 'Who gave their lives , in defense of the Na tional Union, is her own invention: Utt!this the. generosity of her people hatibeen imitated, but not equalled by any other State. To her will forever be: accorded the leadership in this weal of patriotic benevolence. It will form the brightest page of her history. It will seal the devotion of , her people to e common country -; and our legial toric.ii•view of the he nign influence , will continue tone,- cord a oh and liberal support to a system so fruitful in blessings to the orphan children of our martyred heroes. i _ - .1 'Upon, no material interest of the ', State is the influence of education more salutory than that of agricult ure.. Pennsylvania, by wise legisla tion, s authorized the purchase , of thre experimental farms, and . the este ishment of a college,all of which ua are now in successful operation, and the results of the scientific working of the farms have -already , added, much practical knowledge upon the general &hied. •. I ; - The Agri culture r College has „ just closed a most prosperous year—the number of students being one hun- . dred and fifty—which exceeds that of any year since the, opening of the institution. Any One, of ' three courses, is optional to the students, viz : Agricultural, scientific or clas sical, to all of which. is, added a gen eral course of military instruction. The admission of .;females, which was permitted sixteen months - ago, has, thus , farworkd - exceedingly well. ~.. Thirty youngwomen have availed themselves of the opportuni ty thus lefforded t? obtain . a first class education. , . • • All students are taught to regard labor es' beneficial and honorable. The rule of the college requiring ten , hours manual 'labor per week from the Students is cheerfully complied with, and results advantageously to' their healthand comfort.: This State institution is pre-imi . neatly the People's College.. Its pre pazatory department receives stu dents, at a low grade, as well 'as those • 40tel advance& - This school is " cheap enough kir the Poorest and good enough for the richest," either in mind or estate ; and it affords healthful exercise, instruction in useful labor, and freelnition in eye ry branch of its ample courses of study. - - ' For. the details of .The organiza tion of the National Gdaid, • and the genertd business of the- Adjntart: Generals Department i your atten tion is invited to the accompanying report of that dam - NUMBER 33. ;tIIF NATIONAL 41SARD. 'At the close of'thelitter-viar - the . State was without a single - ratarY division, and the few . pcattered coon- . panes which existed at its Com- - rammenient had been, generalb; dia.,. banded' by the enlistment of their members in the active 'military ser vice of the General Government. In 1866 - the militia Of the Siete comprised only eight volunteer coil panies. Since then lour hundred and eighty-three haire been organ ized and onehundred and sixty-eight - disbanded—the latter principally on account of the almost entire want of - encouragement and support from the State, and their own inability to maintain themselves. -To this fait is'mainly attributable the • reduction of the volunteer force in the First division (Philadelphia) during the past year. The Legislature, at its, ~ last session, having repealed all laws by which any !military fund !could' be raised in that division, left its organ izatioire - entirely dependent - upon themselves and the voluntary contri ,,. butiOns of citizens. - ' - 1 The organizations of the National . Guard;\ not yet 4, disbanded, csnsist' of - fifteen regimen,is - and six battalions ; i comprising, with unattached bodies, three hundred and twenty-three corn- '- pares, viz : Six artillery, eight cav alry, and three hundred and nine in fantry. `-The aggregate of enlisted men is 13,566, land of -commissioned . officers, 1,126. 1 -- r Convinced of the necessity, in time of peace as well, as in war, of an effi-. cient military *force to maintain 'the civil authority,i I have at all times - entertained a deep interest n the - military department of the State,and - it affords ,me pleasure to say that the present Conditio of our volunteer -- - organizations is '.as con3plete" as is practicable minder the admitted im perfections and illiberal provisions of our military laws. I.- Where "thegreater seve rity of life _ and property ': is the- question in volved, it would. seem SUparflUOpS. to employ arguments to convince any property holder, business man, or good citizen, that it war; his tndivid: ual interest to support a system de signed to uphold thncivil _ authority: - But as practical' illustrations, of re-." cent date, I mayrefer to the scenes - of July, 1871, in the city, of New York, as well as to, those enacted in our own State, at Scranton, during the months of April and May, of the , same year, and still more recently followed by the disturbance of the public peace in July last, which so - seriously threatened the city of Will iamsport. The civil -arm of the law. was paralyzed, and peaceable citizens .. .were at, the mercy of the rioters. Ap- '. peals came -from themiTil authorities and the , people, fok the protection of the military against tumult which - they were unabh3 to quell. 'The mll itary of the nearest divisions prompt-. .. ly responded to the call of the Eecu tiye, the Majesty of the civil law was *indicated in the suppression of the disorder, and at comparatively' trifling cost -to 'the State, the -peace and quiet of two r ,of her flourishing cities were restored, immensely:'alu- able property preserved, and very many honest and *di's:tribes labor ers enabled to resume the work on. which the subsistence of themselves and their families depended. Such ' occurrences surely demonstrate both the valueand necessity of a well or- .. , , ganized. and thoroughly disciplined National Guard to maintain ,the civil authority. I cite these circumstances as an act of official daty, 'and from a desire to avail myself of this oppor tunity of leaving on record my ap preciation of the importance of such - action, on your part, as will main- ' taro a well equipped, disciplined and reliable - State military force. - . - For a fall statement of the dis- tnrbances at Williamsport, and of .' the operations of the military called into. service, on appeal of the civil authorities, you are referred to the official statement of Major General -- Jesse Merrill,' commanding the 11th Division, which aPpearn . at length in the..Adjutanf General's \ report. , The discreet and judicious conduct - 1 of the M.aj r General, and 'the of6.= . cers and m n under Phis command on that occasi n, not 4 ly won the ap proval of i t e citizen's of 'that corn-: in anity, entitles them to general - commendation. ' . Proiision should: be . promptly made for the 'payment of the expen ses necessarily incurred on 7 pay rollp 4 e, and accounts duly audite and certi ed by the - proper o sers ; 'the, = mount of which will not ceed fif teen thousand dollars. PIGTDIIL OF TILE DA.TILL OF GLITTAISCIIGI. The period determined upon by the LegieT latureler the deli Very of the picture of the bat-3,. tie of Gettysburg,painted for the , State by P. .. Bothermel, artist. having arrived, no place in the Capitol, or other public buildings at Har risburg, waslound suitable for its reception and exhibition. Finding that the picture could not long remain rolled up Without considerable injUry, and, perhaps, total destruction ; with the approval of several members of the Senate and of the Horlse, I . consented to place it in the hands of the Park Commissioners of Phila delphia, subject to the order of the Legislature. A building 140 feet long and 43 feet wide has been erected in Fairmount Park for the recep tion of this historic painting, within a few hun dred feet of the Green, street entrance. The site is the very best that could have been .4e lected to afford the public easy access. The gallery is perfectly adapted for - the safe keep. nog and proper exhibition off i the picture. . . IpiCOADING DOCE , 3I:MVS AND BINDUCO LAW IMMIX& Under existing( laws many important docu ments are filed in the office of the Secretary of the Commonwealth, which, for greater securi ty ought to tie recorded in Suitable books for that purpose .t Prominent among those referred to may be enumerated papers relating to the merger and consolidation of - railroad compa nies ; the increase or capital stock and.bonded obligations or corporations fader both general and special laws; correction of errors; and con firming corporate organziations ; extension of charters and dissolution of corporations • the change of name of corporations and the ' loca tion of their principal offices 4.. the abceptance of the pitvisto sof acts of Assembly by cor porations ;_and contracts to which. the State is a party. This list might be ,extended, bat enough has been given to -indicate the grave importance of the interests involved, and the' necessity , for the utmost care in preserving, in proper and accessible shape, tho evidence of etch transactions. I therefore recommend such enactments as will confer the authority required upon the Secdtary of the Common wealth. The State authorizes the 'publication of the statute- laws, and the distribution of them to sundry enumerated officers and, perioni. Jus tices of the Peace and alderman are required to carefully preserve the copies received by them and band them over to their successors in office. But the annual volumes being large, and bound only-in. paper. covers, it is almost impossible to preserve them whole for any rest vonable time. I reccommend the passage of a law requiring them' to be properly bound be fore distribution. • BOAILV OF P11131.1C C/lASITEE.S. The eminent and philanthropic gentlemen composing the Board orPublic Lhanties have carefully investigated a number of salt:eta which they deemed of sufficient importance to lay, before the Legislature. Among them mar be specially noticed Prison Discipline -Ls qua tion now; generally occupying the attention of statesmen and philanthropists throughout the civilized world ; the condition and treatment of the insane and the wOrldngs of that class of institutions lualftwn as local charities, founded anti conducted for benevolent purposes. These asylums are located in various parts of the State, mostly, howevbr, in Philadelphia. and Pittsburg. They are performing au excellent work—relieving the sick, indigent, infirm and neglected portions of out population.. • The General Agent has devottd a considerable por tion of hit( time to their inspection, the results of which will appear in his able report to the Beard, in - which be exhibits their character and largo amount' of private charity be- - slowed. upon them. - This Board was organized during my- admin istration, and I, have enterteMed s dcep and ,lasting