incitsi•W TION.
Tin titlitrojila
; modal litondrig' W. £LT at Aro.
in adoeses• ,
Pl° ennal ti all mesa nactooh* at aannorlp
iznpito the l fgeltEl lsl ' airted at Firm= cans par
el for Grit insertion, and Vitt cants par lino tar
ent insertion.
I I AL 'NOTICES. moo atria at reading Haim.
• °mina • Una.
• • . torMnrrra biqualoted according to
following table of rates
, i lv l ay I.sm I am I ea I lit.
I $1.50 I LOO 1 6.001 6.00 110.00 I B_ll
cbesi - 1 7.001 6.001, 8.001 15.001 15.001 20.00
dies 12.80 1'7.00 I 10.00 1 13.001 10,00 1 811.00
cheir-ribifi11:50711:6071105725.0fri1i5:00
lolnmn 1 5.005 12.00 1 15.00 I 22.00 1 50.00 05.00
j tamn l 10.001 40.001 2 10. 00 4 0 .0 0 1- 55 .00 ILOO
num .00 40. r.
rnintntratmos and abeeentoer Notices. $2; An&
tae' Nreetm. 12 80: Dewiness Cards. five lines, (pet
y tit additional 'lnes $1 each.
adfertiliers are entitled to gutterlychanges.
Tritatent adtertierrnenteninetbe pad tar in admen*
k I IRANC.VAMIII of dowlirtions ; 00121111MgettiO1111
' rotted or-Indivtdnal interest, and notices of War.
rise a and *Ohs. exceeding five lines, are charged
die reeve per tins.'
11,0,R1RP11111711 havita a larcer'cirealatien than all
ft the eonnty combined. nialrei it the beet
Adawtising medinm in Northern Penniybrants.
.lot{ raorrrita of every Lind. tn Plain and randy
rnlerg. Anne with neatness and dispatch. Rimdtrais.
,]dente. Cards . Pattmliteta.BiTtheeds . Rtatements. kn.
iqrare'vitiloty and style. printed it the , shorten*
w ti Tho-Rarmarou Moe to well supplied with
Pnylpr Oreauem. a Bond assortment of new type, and
popreihingln the Printing line can be executed in
the net orttatir manner and at the lowest rages.
Mg lltraftlAßLY CARE.
:B=NESS CMS.
VET:WALLACE REELER,
v. •
Frousg. RrGA; AND FRESCO PAINTER,
T i rmansl. Sept. 15,1810-yr
1.-- :( '
_._
T' W. PEWITOCIC. Denier in all
i• kind,* a Ticofinci Mateo. Theranda. Pa. All
ord+rx ill? Itoofine pro:m . 4lr attended to. Particular
al i,ht+nti elven in rottage and French Booting.
oiclv.2c . ll V • _. - _
ri FOWLER, REAL ESTATE
• TFALFR, No. 11 South Canal Street. Chi.
rfir . Illinois. Real Fatale purchased end acid. In
rr.trnenta raadeand Money Loaned.
AlAy 10.'7n, . . .
_ .
ITUDDELL A; SANDERSON
I - Minors WI Shippers of the
lILLIVAhi ANTHRACITE COAL.
Itosr.,lll . Towands, Ps.
I AMP & :VINCENT, INSURANCE
Aorms.—Ofnee formerly a:mulled bkyorcur
orrosr. one doossontb of 'Ward llonss..
CAMP. maylo-'7O w, s. ynrcrwr:
AYLORD• BROS., General Fire
I.lr and Life ineurance.Agencv. Policies covering
instal and darnace canoed by lightning. in 'Wyoming.
and' other reliable. companice, without additional
arrest. R. B. GAYLORD,'
Wyalnning. May 23. 71, 8. C. GAYLORD.
.TORIN DIINFEE,..BLA CES2II7TR;
IMOIMOETOI.I'. PA.. pays particular attention to
Ironing Bnizsirs. Wagons. Sleighs, kc. Tire set and
repairing done on short notice. Work and chines
4 'marin teed satisfactory. ' 12,15,69.
A I iMOS PENNYPACKER, - HAS
1 twain established bthleelf in the TAIT.ORINCI
•rsrsEssi. Shop over Rockwell's Store. Work of
/very description done in the latest styles.
Tmvanda, April 21. 18 . 10.--ttf -
LERAYSVMLE WOOLEN MILL
T 1 nnderalened would reapeettully announce to
the ruhlic thathe keen* eon dandy on hand Woolen
(lotto raliPilllPiPP. Flannel*. Sarno.- and all - kinda at
o whoteeale and retail. HAIGH & - IjROMMEL
- Proprietor.
S RUSSELL'S
a
GM\ ERAL
r* s t 1 A .!Y ("E., AGENCY,
c'
,
" • "
m
T.E UNDERSIGNED HAVE
ppetied a flanking Ammo to Towanda. under tho
najoe or O. F. MASON it CO.
They are prepared to draw Bills of Exchange. and
mate collections in New York. Philadelphia. and all
j - tH , ne of the United States. as-also England. Ger.
• cx. and France, To loan money. receive deposits.
I tO do a general Banking - business.
G. F. Mason was one of the late anti of Laporte.
Mason A Co., of Towanda. Pa., and his knowledge of
. he bias:nest men of Bradford and adjoining countiee
and•having been in the banking bnaineas for about:
111 teen ye‘ars, make this house a desirable one through
which to make collections. MASON,
Torranda,.Oct. 1, lsChl. A. O. MASON.
XT . E I R M 1
•
.NE ; 11 1- GOODS:LOW PRICES!
AT MON?OETON, PA
TRACT HOLLOW,
Rettal Dealer. In Groceries and Provisions, Drugs
and Medicines. Kerosene Oil, Lamps. Chimneys,
Shades. Dye Stuffs. Paints. Oils. Varnish. Yankee No
tions., Tobacco, Cigars and Snuff. Pure Wines and.
Liquors. of the best quality, for medicinal purpose.
only., All Goods sold at' the cerylowest prices. Pre
scriptions carefully compounded it all hours of the
day and niabt. Give us a call.
TRACY & ROLLO'S.
Iguu-uelon. Jens 24. 1459-Iy.
...Cl . l - EAP PASSAGE FROM OR TO
IRELAND OR ENGLAND.
• "Ilt - ItIN A C(1 . 4 LOH. f. OF STEAMSHIPS FROM OH TO
QUEENSTOWN OS LITSICPOOL.
. WHitlulS & anion's old Black Star Line" of Lie
repool.Packets, ealllag every week.
Swallowtail Line of Packets from or to London,
sailing twice a month.
lloulttauces to Enstland t treland and Scotland pay
able
... __ „n =;l6lenlars ; apply to Williams & anion,
29 Brhadway New York. or
G. P. 3LiSON k CA.. Banters. -
Oct. 1. left. - Towanda; Pa.
MIYERSBURG MILLS.
WHEAT. RYE, AND. lITCKWREAT
-71 1 0 TT
C:01 - 1N -NEIL AND FEED
Cona4ntly on hand and for mai cheap for CASH
CVSTONI WORK . wa:LAN-TED
0 Oa hands Fare quantity ct GROUND CAYUGA
PL.A.STEILAtreni 01,17onger Beds.
•
Wheat, fty,e, Corn Oath taken in exchange for
L
Plaste;.
mar. 8 .71
NEW STEAM FLOURING MILL
LN 813ESKEQUEN, PA
Th..: wibscrib desires to igice notice Vast Lis new
. .
STEM FLOURING _MILL
) Tar:. SAME DAY
EITED.
le noW in elicceseinl operation, an,
parry to to all work in Lie line 611
crri rpm GIIINDI:s.;4ONE
THAT IT IS II
*Moat, Buckwheat and
Tetd..Bran, ac., always
leweet rates.
• •
NOTtL..Tersons 'twinge en the
we.t cde of the river estring to
,patronize my mill,
will have their ferry a paid loth ways, when they
brulo lama tun nshels and upwards.
ap1.4'71 , S. AYERS.
Cr.ARLES F. DAYTON,
Successor to Humphrey Bros..
iIARNEa,S MAKE R,
Over Moody's Store.
K• 4 V5..,`11 1 / 1 11d • full assortment of DOViL.E and
siNkrl r s. auntss. and all other goodi hie line
ug and manufacturing done to order.
T , c41.41. arign.t.23. 1871.
'NEW FIRM
Km= of ,thilt e ract and Dr. C. 11.. Emma-
LFT ot Ath.na, have form a copartzumghip - for the
imamee of
DI;NTISTEY IN ALL ITB iILASCHES.
And ruay 1* found at the °Rice of Dr.
prepared over
Wj , khana . 4 ‘ Black's store-in Towanda. prepared et
to treat' patients in a tint-clans • manner:
all wank warranted as represerited. •
TH•th • extracted without pain, by the tee of
=C:trotl. Untie Gas.
- . .
, - br. btaukry will be at Igo ofitc,, In Athens OD Bat.
ur tay auallundaye until further notice.
- Aiti.i.31;71.41 . BELLY & grASLEY.
i I L_JACOBs,
Has removed his
. OF FAS:M*6X
No 2 Patton's Block, Main street; •ecoad door
above Bridge street,
Wher e Lan always be found a complete stock of ,
.IIEN'S AND BOYS' CLOTHING,
HATS AND CAPS.
AU rocNlßivariantr am! bold at the korest rates.
L yIS 71
TRY OUR TEAS .AND COFFEE,
COWELL b %MR;
. .stkILYIj3RJ:), Publisher.
yoiuME MIL
AMES WOOD, leiTouszr inD
Ootiaszoi 4ir Try. Towanda. Ps.
t" . ' "
FOYIiE, ATTORNEY; AT
Vl ( Towanda, Pa. Moe' with EhignaD
Smith. south M. Ileremeallook. April 14.70
WITH , & MONTANYE, ATTO "-
WDe l T i reeis,' opl a Zia =retlee.m,
TIT B. KELLY, DENTM. OF-
T • • floe over WlCkblm r lilackl.'o , irsa&i. Pa.
MaY 2a.la f:
TIR. RI H. WESTON, DENTIST--
.
A." Ones in Pellores Bock. over Ginn's" Pra t e and
Cberaini4 Stare.
P. WILLATON I.
L,
e ATTORNEY ATV&W. TOWANDA. i
Bouthl ale of If ercur's New Block, up dohs.
Aprll2l,,lo—tf. • i
A B. Ma HE AN, .ATTORNEY
11 am Clatiatatioa as Lir. Towards. Poi. Par
tientar attention paid to business In the Orphans'
Court. J jr2p9o.'ba.
WH. CUM:OOIAX, AMY:OR
.,IIIIICT AT Lill (District Attorney for Brad
ford Con tY), Troy. Ps. Collections made sad prompt
ly remittal. fIM 15, '119:-0.
T &D. C: DEWITT, Attenme,is-at
oi *Low. Towanda. Pa.. haring formed • •04art
nerphip. tender their profesidonal ger/lore to the
fineotal attention Riven to EVERT DEPART
MENT ofltha businefs. at the county we or. elm.
JACOB Dr - WITT.
- - - D. CLINTON Dr.WTIT.
Towairru, Pa.. Dee. 12. 1870. - '
where
TORN N. CALIFF, ATTORNEY
eiLew. Towanda.; h. .Partiettler ►tieataop giv
en to Orpheus' Court business. Conceirtuminst and
Collectiomi. IFir Office in Wood's bear block. south
of the First National Bank. up stain.
Feb. 1. ten.
H. WARNER,. Physician and
Cv suirtAon,,,Leßaywrille, Bradford Co.. Pal AD
calls proniptly attended to. Mon Brat door South
of Leltayirtille House. ,
. Sept. 115' 18470.'-yr
OVERTON & ELSBREE, Arron
len:if IT LAW. Towanda . Pa.. having entered
Into cops Dandily). offer their professional sersioei
to the public. Special attention giyen to business
In the Orphan's and Register's Courts. spl2llo
& DAVIES; ATTOB
IVIEsic AT Law. Towanda. Pa. The undersigned
having ii‘lated themselves together in thspractiew
of Law. l offer their professional services to the public.
tTLY9BI.OO MERCUR. W. T.
March 9 1970.
Main street, opposite the boort sage. Towanda,
Oct. -1'7,10
KEENEY, ,COUNTY SU
• PERINTEIV. DENT, Towanda, Pa. Office With
B. M. Peat. second door" below the Ward House.
Will be at the office the laat Saturday of each month
and at all cater times when not called. away - on busi
ness connected with the Superitendeney. All letters
should hereafter be addressed as above. dec.1.70
TOWANDA, PA.""
11E, . MOODY, M.D.,
• SYSICIAN . AND SURGEON,
Offers Ids Professional services - 6 the people of try
lensing and vicinity. Office and realdenen at A. .
Lloyd's, Cloven street. Ang.lo,'7o
J. W. LYMAN,
PIT ICIAN AND Bt-aatres.
Mee one door east of Reporter building Roil
denee, corner Pine andlo4 street.
Towandi. June 22. 1871. e;
jOELN W. MIX, ATTORNEY AT
LAW. i pwanda. Bradford CO., Pa.
GE ERAL MEM/LANCE AGENT.
Particular attention paid to Collections and Orphans'
Court business. Office—ldercoes New Block. north
side Publi Square. apr. 1. '59..
riOcTOR 0. LEWIS, A GRADIT
1-/ go of the College of ••Physicians and Fluigeontt.".
New York city, Class gives exclusive attention
to She pracHee of hie pr,ofesslon.. Office And residence
en the eastern slope of Orwell Hill, siljoinhur Henri.
Howe's. j jan . l4. '49.
DR. D— D. SMITH, Dentist, has
ptirclsseil 0. U. Wood's property; between
Worm:tea Block and the Elwell House, where he has
located office. •Teeth extracted withont pain by
tine of rasq Towand Oct. 211. 1870.—yr.
D IMING ROO/AIS
•
cpysEcnons WITH/TEE . BAKERY; -
Near the CoTtit Howie.
- We are-prepared to feed the hungry - trail times of
'-v and Oysters and Ice Cretin in
' D. W. SCOTT & CO.
JOECt C. WILSON
Saving leafed this louse. is now ready to accommo
date the tisvellinepublin. No pains nor expense will
be spared tn give satisfaction to those who may give
him a call.
sortb side or the public square, east of Met.
cur's new block.
RtrIIgERFIELD CREEK no :
TEL:
PETER LANDIEESSER,
Haying Purchased and thoroughly refitted thim old
and well.imown stand. formerly kept by Sheriff Grif
fis. at the month of Emumerfield Creek. is ready fr,
giveood accommodations and satisfactory treatment
to who may favor him with a call.
. 23. 1868—tf.
A1F. r .A .,.. N 1 S HOUSE, TOWANDA,
E. IL 114EE.
The Mire., Harness. .1-a of all guests of this
house, idwared against loss by Fire, without any ex
tra charge. -
A superior quality of 014 English Baas Ale ; just
received. T. It. JORDAN.
Towanda. Jan; 24.'71. Propribtor.
B RADFORD HOTEL,
TOWANDA, '
The subsoilber hiving leased and lately fitted up
the above Hotel. laMly kept by him as a saloon and
boarding house. od the smith side of. BRIDGE
STREET. next to the rail-road. is now prepared to
eutentain the public with good aeconiadstions on rea.
sonable charges. 'So trouble or expense will be
spared to abommodabi those calling on him. His
bar will be ;furnished with choice brands of Cigars,
Liquors. Ales, Ac.
Good Stabling attached. ' WM. HENRY.
Towanda, June 1,1871. 1 101 May 72 Proprietor
WA
that ho fa pre.
Short notice. -
.Ife Flour,. Corn Meal,
n haud and. for sale al
•
, This pop l ular. hone, recently leased by MOMS.
ROMS & Milks'', and having been completely rentted,
remodeled and refurnished, affords to the public
all the comforts and modern conveniences of a first
class Hotel. Situate opposite the Park on Main
Street. it iJ eminently convenient for persons visit
ing Towanda, either for pleasure or business.
• sep6'7l • ROOS & NUNS, Proprietors.
•
- MANSION HOUSE, •
W. W. fillOWSLtiO. Paozszirros.
This 1i11'403 Is conducted in strictly' Temperance
Principles; Every effort will be Made t d midge
guests cornfOrtable. Good rooms and the table Will
always be! supplied with the beet tbe. market af-
fords. 1 liOe. 1, 1871.
N E 77. FIRM
AND NEW GOODS!
•
TI! S. MUIR. k, Co.
nespectinily annonnoe to the public In general, that
they have opened a large and choice stock of
GRO LES AND PROTISIOI'SS
tAt.
In the s formerly occupied by John Merldstb,
corner M n and Franklin streets, Towanda, which
they will it as cheap as the cheapest for _ •
You will always find TOU SIZEIDETII there; just as
happy as per. to wait upon all old easterners and:as
tnaiay ne . ones as will favor them with a call.
THOS. Igos.-31tria & CO.
TIIO6. r2ll. Oct. 6, Mt
I .
DA TON & BROTHEE,
_I
PROPECOM CARDS.
A. & B: 31. PECK'S LAW
i OFFICE.
Hotels.
HOUSE, TOWANtrA,
don. KAMA AND =Dar. frrarms.
RD HOUSk,
TOWANDA,
tM)FOIID corgrv, PEC'N'/.
CASH!
Dealers In
CV00, , , HIDES, PELTS, CALF
SEM, FCES. kC.,
1 - ,
For wilds the highest cash price Is paid at all tiz4s,
Oz ce in M. E. }Weer'field's Store, Main-st.,
a. A. DALITON. I . I•
l. E. r+rstar.l 50v.14.'70 TOWAXDA', PAI
_
, --Z4famitezlll-,O7t,TT ----.% -:- -.-...,...', - --r- -- -: --n„--- . ._. n. • ' . ~. .., A' .:. ;:, •.- :t. •4 ',.. 4 :L. -.- ..'. - ' ' .',- ~. ~ .; -'_ --.-:_,,-- •••• - • :-. :- :-.- .- -- • • .-.
~...:.:-..-4,....J. ; :-,.: ,-;.:-.-.. ~ ..w . ,• , .. - ... ~., .- . 7 -1..1 .., . -.. 4 .2,-.1 ..:;:..., ~,-., i s . :.6 A :: ' - , ,
'—_ _ _ .
- -.---- -3s - s-,
t elp . . -: ''- 7 ,`.,- '. : '. • ':- • -.. '... - .. -. ; .
- .
S' ,l
,•••• ;.•_,::•.:-.:.........- -
...:-,,,,' ,1 ' i
.1 - - , :
. . i . . - . :-.: 11t'... -' -...;:' 7'''J .1 J ' ...7. • 4- .."- : - .i... , : ~. '• .
. ..
. \\
iII 1 1 ' I. ‘I'N .
4" ' II if's •
' , .. c -•-• i r
i 1
VII 0 1 • , 1 -
,
---- 1
ir(l ..
, , , . .
...... .
~,., •
,
; . _ ...
, , ~ ~,,..
11
tiii L i . '1
t :\ II .
.', ..-' 2,
... - • ....„ . --;;;?-1 i 5:...,
. L - . . • --'
K s , , ~_
• ~r...- , ..."--""•••••
..:,,...,, ''.
) -41111 141 9 I t
I : T..'
..
..... .
, • ;, -
. , . .
- - . ' ; ' ' . • ,i. )4 1• - • . , •
. . . -
SrSQUEHANNA. COLLEGIATE
Toweinve. lIP.ADPOID comsrz. PA. '
Thu in►titdtion will commence its fieventeenth
Tear
MONDAY. Avoca 2S. urn
The courses of study are English. Normal, Com.
sorrels'. Academic. Scientific and Classical. in all of
'which the Instruction is syetematio and thorough.
The Principals will be assisted in the various
departmeuts by • large and very excellent corps of
instructors—three gruhmtes. experienced leachers
/ 1. 7 1 , = been recently engsged--and no effort will he
to make the Institute. in comfort discipline
and general -defilderk7. second to no other abase
institution.
The Musical Department win be under the charge
of Ptolemy R. Tr. Jobanneasen.
Tis institution is now Intborovigh
In additiOn to the extensive improvements daring
the Pad year, new aPParodus, maps and charts. and
most approved patent desks and' seats tor all the
study and recitation rooms have Just been pur.
The Protcipal- of the Xmas' Deputize's!
organise August 25. a Tearchers* C 1.... and by
srsotar arrsortioar aid to complete the most thor
°nob course possible - during the time.
Tuition from-$4 to $lO. Board and room in the
Institute IL If desirable. students may obtain
rooms to tows and bawd themseleea. • qty appli
cation for board and rooms at the Institutealiould be
made, u the rooms are being rapidly engaged.
Por further 'particulars or catelogns. 4 1 1 5 4 , to
W. Bran an/ LT. Qninlan,l= Totradati.
Pa. pox,
enn.om President Bard Trustees.
MERCURS BANK,
I TOWANDA, PA. -
(Bticcessor to B. 8. Russell k Co., Bankers.)
...Renders Deposits. Loans Money, Makes Coilea
Rona. mat does e
GENERAL BANKING BUSINEgS,,
santeeas an Incorporated Bank.
Tolpersons desiring to rend money to MOT PANT
of the United Mates, gmfda or Europa, this Bank
offer tho best facilities and the lowest terms. •
PASSAGE TICK.ETS.
To land from Nova Scotia, England. Ireland, Scot.
buld,l or any part of Europe and the Orient, by the
CETYRRATE.D INAIA_N LINE
Of Steamers always on hand.
Buys and sells Gold, Silver, United States Bonds
at market ratia.
• Agent for the male of Northern Pacific 7 310
Bondi.
31. C. MEECUIt, President.
WM. 8. VINCENT. Clothier, mar.ls'7l
N. C. amass.
FiEST ...NATIONAL DANK,
SirliPLUB FM)
Thie l Batik offers VNUBUAL PAI:4131111 far the
transaction of a
GENERAL BANKIN BUSINESS.
AID ON DEPOSPIS ACCOEDEW TO
AG T. • -
8 irectu. Ca= ODIEN TO THI COLLT.CTICrN OP NOTZS
AND CHE4t.
Parties leaking to intern Noway to any part of the
Milted States, EnclandAreland. Scotland, or the prin
cipal Cities and towns of Europe, can here procure
drafts,!lor that purpose.
PASSAGE rICKETB
'Dior from the old country, by best steamer or sail-
Ing lines. always en hand.
FAXILIZII V 10170.112 nyu AT 11=17C112. LOTS.
ifigestfirke paidAr C. S Bonds. Gold and Sliver.
r GWFt.L. President.
usvdS..lnne24. In CD
The oldest, largest, and
safest purely Mutual
'Life Insurance Com
pany in the United
States!
THE MUTUAL
Life Insurance Co.
OF NEW TORK.
W. W. KINGSBURY, Agent.
Attorney "in fact for
Mts. WM. H. MILLER, in
the settlement of her in
terests arising out of the
Estate of the late C. L.
WARD.
OFFICE :
Cor. Main & State St:.
TO WAND A, PA.
imig.23.7l:tt
MONEY SAVE)),.
' BY PURCHARLNG YOUR
STOVER AND HARDWARE
07 •
W. L. Y.MIDLYTOII.
Orwell. Ps.. July 21.'71.
DR . J . S. SMITH'S
DETERGENI POWDER,
• - For sale at
POWELL & CO'S, TOWANDA,
Evzsmurse.
Try it and be conripeeti. sep2oll
FIGURES WILL NOT LIE
THE - CHEAPEST PLACE'S TOWN TO BUY
BOOTS N\
DONT DOUBT TOM OWN ETES I\ HERE Alti
THE FIGURES. AT GREATLY REDUCER PRICES'
Gents Sip, 2 sole k tap Root" home made
warranted 4
41, 4 , \ 3:
do 1 do do do Ss
do 1 do do do ruined, 4 ,
do )4 double sole - do . S Ad
do Calf peg do do
Boys Kip. 2 sole sod tap.
Youths Sip,. S, doable sole.
Merchants can be supplied with the above class of
goods at very reasonable prices. We are prepared
to make Boots to Measure, Also First Class Repair
ing at reasonable prices.
a.—The above very low price system mast be
undeistood CASE Invariably oa delivery. sar oul
and Nee before you buy. Shop opposite Methodist
Church, Maiefitreet.
Towanda, Nov. 1871.
hCOKEr -
The BEST, most DESIRABLE. and moat ECO
NOMICAL ft EL for culinary purposes daring cam.
tam t For wile by the
TOWANDA GAS CON:PAST.
Twelve cents per Laabel at the Cies House. or St.
teen cent delivered. L itney3o.lB7o.
L A RE ,TROUT, soine very fine
ones, at a cell low price, by
• Juno 15. 1871. . FOS k MERCIITI
O 4 KVS AND CRACKERS.GRE
cian Bend. Scotch Honey, Orange, Ralson. Lem
on and (}roger Cakes, Washington Jumbles and
Coffee insend. and all kinds of Cream at
March S. 'TO. W. A. ROCKWELL'S.
TAILORES.S.—Try Mrs.. F 123310-
.neraWork and prices. Shop la first yellow
Louie between Ward Hoare and Bakery, opposite
Post-Ofilce. Towanda Oct. 22, 1871.-6 m 4,p
L'ARMERS, bring your TKRlnce
and NU to rOI is IfF.B,Crft.
Jaa. 10. 1871.
"PORK; Hams, Lard, Dried Beef
, Mackerel. Mamba, Mackinaw Trout. at retail
Jan 19, xtri.: FOX k ILEECUa
COFFEE, TEA., SUGAR, FISH,
ae., wholesale and retalL
July 1.
FISH PORK, H . &MS AND LARD
OOH k KUM
IMil
Kisco'bum&
OsztzvootitivA
OF TOWLIWAI
$125,000.-
40,000.
21. N. BETTS, Js..
Cashier.
-ALSO
do 6 0e)
do 275 to 00
do 2 00 to 253
L. a =sal(
McCABE k MIX.
TOWANDA, BRADFORD COUNTY. PA., JA'NUARI 11,1872.
totellanetrus.
GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE.
To the Senate and House of Represent :
(dives of the Commonwealth of Penn
sylvania
: You h.vre, for a ilea-
eon, separated yourselves from: pri
vate business and personal interests,
and come from different sections of
the State clothed with the powers of
more than three and a half millions
of free, intelligent and independent
people, to serve them in your repro
serrtatiie capacity; and to determine
upon public affairs, in such manner,
it is hoped, as may deserve the bless
ings of God and the gratitude of
men. It is becoming, therefore, to
advance to these duties with minds
untainted with party acrimony un
swayed by selfish or interested mo
tives, and-with fervent aspirations of
praise and gratitude ,io the Gras
Preserver of nations, Mateo and indi
viduals, and to Mingle 'our
- humble
and devout supplications for His
guidance and approbation in the ac
complishment ottlae task assigned.
I am not insensible to the magni
tude and importance of the subjects
before me, nor to the responsibilities
imposed; aid approach them with
diffidence ,and misgivings, conscious
that some of them require- more ex
tended research than time and space
could ,be allotted to their elucidation.
In,compliance with the duty pre
scribed by the, Constitution, I trans
mit, for your information and that of
the people, a statement of the condi
tion of the finances;, schools;' military
and other matters of interest, with
recommendations of such measures
as are deemed of sufficient import
knee to be presented for your consid
eration.
After thorough examination °Abe
reports from the accounting depart
ments, the following statement is
.submitted :
03311713
Balance in Treasury, Nov. 30, IKO, 51,302,912 82
Ordinary receipts during the fie
cal year-ending Nov. 30, 1871,..
Extraordinary receipts from the
United buttes government, on
account of Pennsylvania War
claims, applied to the payment
of the State debt
Total in Treasury during year
ending Nov. 30, 1871 SS SOO 81'4 4
DD. lit ItiLIIENTS.
Ordinary expense■ paid during
year ending Nov. 3(1,1871 $3,018,819 35
fans kc., redeemed . 2,220,221 59
Interest ou luaus 1,785,035 91
Total diabaraeme ate
Balance in Treasury, Noe. 3(, 111, 61,476,80 S 59
CEMEGER
The public debt on N0v.30, 1870,
WAS. . 131,111,661 90
Deduct amount paid by Siniung
'null Commissioners during •
year ending Nov. 30, 1871..... 12,113,229 G 3
Amount peel by State Treasurer
during the same time
Total public debt, Nov. 30,1871 128,980,071 73
The following statement shows the
nature of the indebtedness of the
Commonwealth, Nov. 30,-1871 :
-FTKDED DI T
Amount of over-duo loans::
Do..payableni 1872 and 1871,
interest G per cent.. 3,786,550 00
‘l.O-'
&amine payable in 1872 and 1877, -4 =.'
interest 5 per cent. 9i,830 00
Amount payable in 1877 and 1882, .
interest 6 per cent 7,600,530 00
Amountm payable in. 1877, interest
5 per cent - 1 - ,396,700 00
Amount payable in 1878, interest
5 per cent 290,000 00
Amount payable in 1879, interest
6 per cent .- 400,000 00
Amount payable in 18e2 and 1892,
interest 6 per cent • 9,271,830 00
Amount payable in 1882, interest
5 per cent 1,119,050 00
Amount payable in 1882, inteyeat
4i per cent..... • 112,000 CO
Total funded debt
UNTENDED DEBT
Relief notes in circulation 4'96,347 00
Interest certificates outstanding.... 1.3,x186 53
Interest certificates - unclaimed 4,448 38
Domestic creditors' certificates 44 67
Public debt, N. 30, 1871, as
before stated 128,980,071 73
The Commissioners of the Sinking
:Fond report assets remaining in
their hands, as follows, viz :
Bonds of the Pennsylvania Rail
. roan ,:o. secured by hen on
the Philadelphia and Colum
bia Railroad $5,900,000 00
.Thirty-five bonds of the Alleghe
ny Valley Railroad Co„ each
for 8100,1500, gharantied by the
Pennsylvania Railroad Co., the
Northern Central Railway Co.,
and the Philadelphia and Erie
Railroad co., payable. 8100,000
annually begimung Jan. 1875,
with 5 per cent. Interest from-
January 1, 1872 "
. 3,500,000 00
Am;Dant of aiisets
Amount of public $28,980,071 73
Deduct amount of asseta.\, $9,400,000 00
Cash balance in the•. Treasury,
Nor. 30, 1871 ' 1,47008 59
Balance of public debt acprovid ,
id tor 518,103,263 14
In obedience to the sixty-seventh
section otthe appropriation bill, ap
proved May 27, 1871, the State has
issued for the relief of the citizens of
Chambersburg and vicinity, for war
damage adjudicated under former
acts, certificates - of loan to the
amount of two hundred and ninety
nine thousand seven hundred and
y-eight doll.l •t • .. /
ce.ts, which sum bears interest a
six 1 r cent. ' payable semi-annually
at the tate Treasury.
The b. sks of the Auditor Gene
and State ' reasurer show the tote
indebtedne. • •f the Commonwealth,
on the first da • of December, 1866,
was thirty-seven million seven hundred
andfour thousand stir hundred' au,
nine dollars and set: ty-seven cents.
Since then, and up to• ovember 30,
1871, the sam of eight ?lion seven
hundred and twenty-four thousan ,
three hundred and thirty-eig dollar.
and four cents has been paid. The
reduction during the year en.:ng
November 30, 1871, is two million o e
hundred and thirty-one thousand ,
hundred and ninety dollars and seven
teen! cents. The average roductio.
during the last five years is one mil
lion seven hunred and forty four thous
and eight hundred and sixty-seven dol.
Tara and seventy-five cents.
It will be observed, in the table et
hibiting the nature of the indebted
ness of the Commonwealth, th
amount of the loansnow overdue i:
$2,502,69516. This sum can, with
out doubt, be paid as rapidly as th
holders will present it to the Com
missioners of the'Sinking Fond. Th.
bOnds payable in 1872, and demiind
able in 1877, amount to $3,879,411
` ussazuso or outototerzos rim am QUART=
00. Theis can ,also be paid within
the five years prior to their maturity,
at an average of $775,880.00 per .an
num.
For many years the general appro
priation bills, haie been withheld
frOm the Gkovernor un.il wont the
time of adjournment, when he mist
either sign theta without Proper
_in
vestigation, suspend' the means to
defray the operations of the goVern
tient for the ensuing year, or call an
extra session of the Legislature. It
IS — earnestly desired that the appro
priation bill be taken up, discussed
and.pasaed at an early period during
-the session, to enable the Executive
to give it that thorough examination
which its importance demands.
In my m e of January 7,1888,
I informed the tare that the
" balance in favor of the General
Government for Pennsylvania's quo
ta of direct tax levied n the several
States- for war purigmea, and for
cash from the United States, amount
ing in all to nearly two millions of
dollars, has been settled in full' by
the allowance of claims for extraor
dinary expenses incurred' by the
State during the wax,. In conse
quence of the lapse of, time since the
remaining claims were contracted,
the want of sufficient vouchers and
explanations, and the. difficulty of
finding the parties, some of them be
ing dead, by what' they should be
made, render their settlement • diffi
cult, and in many . instances-doubtfnl,
the accomplishment , of which',' how:
ever, will be vigorously pursued, and
the result laid before the Legisla-
tire."
Lately public attention has been
persistently. directed. to the subject of
these claims, and their .'collection
from the National Government;,-an
it view of the action which it :may
'be your duty to take in reference
thereto, the following facts, showing
what these claims consisted of, the
measures taken by the State for their
recovery, and the st.ccess resulting
therefrom, are submitted to aid you
in your deliberations.
By a statute of Congress; -approv
ed July 27 1861, entitled ''An Act
to indemnify the States for expenses
incurred- by them in defense of the
United States," it is provided " That
the Secretary of the Treasnry be, and
he is hereby' directed, out of any toe , '
ney in the Treasury not - otherwise
appropriated, to pay, to. the GOvernor
of any State, or to his duly authoriz
ed agents, the' costs, charges, and ex
penses properly incurred by such
State for enrolling, subsisting, cloth
ing, supplying, arming, equipping,
paiyng and transporting its troops
employed in aiding to suppress the
present insurrection against the
United States, to be settled upon
proper vouchers to be filed andipass
cia upon by proper accounting officers
of the Treasury."
By another act of Congress, ap
proved August 5, 1861, entitled " An
Act to provide increased revenue
from imports to pay interest on the
Public debt., and for other purposes,"
there was levied a direct tax upon
the several States, Territories and
the District of Columbia, of twenty
million dollars, with the privilege to
those States of collecting and paying
the quota of their tax into the Treas
ury of the United States, of a deduc
tion or allowance of fifteen per cent.
as compensation for the expenses at
tending the collection.
..Pennsylvania's portion of this tax
amounted to $1,946,719.33, the pay
ment of which the State assumed.
The fifty-third section of the stat
ute last referred to provides : " That
the amount of direct tax apportioned
to any State, Territory or the Dis
trict of Columbia, shall lie liable to
by paid and satisfied, in-whole or in
part, by the release of- such State,
'territory or District, duly executed
to the United States, of any liguidat
ed and determined claim of such State,
Territory or Districtof equal amount
against the United States : Provided,
That in case of such release, such
State, Territory or District shall be
6,459,231
709,710'6
$7,024,079 85
MAGI 51
n,131,590 17
$2,5(V2* 16
t 28,866.145 1G
$113,926 57
allowed the same abatement of the
-amount of sueh tax as would be al
lowed in case of payment of the same
in money."
Under tho set' of Congress first
I referred to, of July 27, 1861,
claino on the pan of the State
against the United Staten were
Sled, amounting in , the aggro,
gate to $3,172,218 19
Amount brought forsrard.... $3,172,218 19
' Thege claims were filed in six dif
ferentlastalliaenta, aifollows, viz :
i.t Sled March 1, 1862 81,182,997 22
2d " June'll, 1862 KA,337 .20
3d " Febratry 20, 1863..... 81,084 91
4th " May 4.1570...:... . .._. 257.= 18
sth " June 30, 1870 .. 762,127 91
hth " May 2.5, 1871 ..... . 63,737 77
$9,400.000 00
10,86,808 59
It was in reference to the first and
seonid instalments of the claims so
filed, that my predecessor, Governor
Curtin, informed the Legislature,
January 7, 1863, that on th e
. 14th
of June, 1862, the quota of direct tax
duo by the State had been' " paid to
the United States, partly by a relin
quishment 'of a portion of the sums
clahned by this State from the Gov
eniment, and partly in cash, after
deducting the fifteen, per cent. allow
ed by act of Congress for prom*
payment" The settlement thus as
stuned to' have been effected, and
which, on the information reported
to him, Gor. Curtin - supposed to
hive been complete, was based upon
an arrangement, as ttnderstOod by
the State authorities, shown- ly the
following figures
Amount Of dtred tai
D e duct Is per cent
f 1,94,711 43
Casi h paid by the Mate in the
1 „ . .-3 . !
United Statea, Jane 30, 1862... • 4350,000 00
Proportion of w .r claim* art of
by the Stale. ,
11,301,711 4 ;
It subsequently transpired, how
\
ever, that - the data Gr
Curb
to hr
the
dat4
per
by
ed
VAC,
Tem\
the
daf
ed
hundred and tivelm,dollars' and fifty
can& Still, on September "20,.1861,
the United States•made an advance
to the State on itiwount — of these
claims of $606,000, and for ads cash
advance the State stood debtor to
the United Stites until the clainie
were " liquidated and allowe4V So
that on the books of the National
Government the State appeailid
debtor for,
Ist Quoti Of direct tax . 81,316,710 83
2d.1 Cash advanced by thennited
States to the- State, Sept.-20,
1881 - • - . 606,000 00
• 92,552,719 93
Less cult paid by the State to the
United. States, Jane 30, 1862
• $ . 2,202,71'J 33
while the claims ' on the past of the
State 141diast the United States were
understood,if properly supported, to
be considerably, in excess of this
amount. To enable the State to have
sutured thelitenefit of the rebateraent_
of fifteen per cent on the quota of
•direct tax, amdunting to $292,007.90,
it was absolutely necessary, under
the statutes of July 27, and August
5, 1861, that the money should either
be paid out of the Treastuy to the
United States, or that the claims of
the State against. the, National Gov
erment, which had-been ''disidlow
ed and suspended " (except the cred
it of $112.50, above explained), for
five years, should be " liquidated and
determined "by the accounting offi
cers of the government. It Was un
der these: circumstances that the
Legishitufe of the State, in 1867, by
joint resolution, authorized the Gov
ernor to appoint " a special agent to
collect disallowed and suspended
claims against the United States,"
" whose compensation for that pur
pose shall not - exceed ten per cent. of
the amounts thus collected, and shall
be paid out of such collections.""
As thus authorized, it became my
duty to appoint a competent person
to attend specially io the interests of
the Commonwealth in the' collection
and adjustment; of these claims, and
tinder the authority conferred upon
me, I appointed Mr. George 0. Ev
ans, of Philadelphia, whose reconit
mendations for efficiency and faith,
fulness were so strong, that I had no
hesitation to place in his hands the
agency required•by the act of Con
gress of July 27, 1861, and the joint
I reSoluti, nof the Legislature. It was
not expected that he would ever sue:
teed in paying off a debt which seem
ed to be greater than the amount of
the claims then on file; nor was it ex
pected that he would - succeed, under
the best circumstances, in obtaining
more than a few hundred thousand
dollars out of the vonchers i which
had for upwards of five years, been
" disallowed and suspended," and
deemed almost without value.
Mr. Evans, upon his appointment,
immediately gave his attention to the
duties assigned him, and through his
success in paying the entire debt due
the General Government, I was able
to communicate to the Legislature of .
1868, the partial settlement/ of the
claims referred to. I. is due to Mr.
Evans to state, that that reference
was of
_too . magre a character to
place the result of his services fairly
and fully before the public. ' , Through
his labors, the claims of the State,
which. had for years been " suspend
ed and disallowed," were " liquidat
ed and determined " by the account
ing officers of the National Govern
ment, and being thus " liquidated
arid allowed," the State for - ahe first
time became entitled, tinder the pro
visions of the act of August 5, 1861,
to the above sum of $592,007:90, as
the rebatement - on the quota of the
United States tax.
The credit, thus secured to 'the
State. deducted from her quota of
the direct tax, left a balance thereon
against the State of $1,654;711.43,
and from this sum there was' to be
*deducted the payment made by the
State, on account of this tax on June
30, 1,862, of s3so,ooo.oo—reducing
the lability-of the State for direct
tax to $1,304,711.43. This indebted
ness, as also the cash advanced to the
State on September 20, 1861, six
months before the: -first installment
of claims had beeti l lileil on the-- part
of. the State, of $606,000.00, were
paid by Mr. Evans-by-the collections
which he succeeded in making upon:
the claims " liquidated and determin
ed " in favor of the State, as already
explained.
By act of Congress, the State was
entitled to a rebatement of - fifteen
per cent. on her quota of the United
States tax, provided it was paid be
fore the first day of June, 1862, and
of ten per cent., provided it was paid
before the first of September of that
year. The State had forfeited both
of these propose 4 _ reductions for
prompt.payment by her delinquency
in not . paying the tax for five years.
But, notwithstanding all this, Mr.
Evans not only obtained for the ben
efit of the State, the rebatement of
the fifteen per cent. on the amount
of the tax, hint - a release of the inter
est which might have accrued on the
entire claim of the; United States.
i 3,172,2.18 19
The claims collected by the State
from the United . States, are as to
lows :
Ist. November 'l, 18433
Mwi 2, Its 67
3d: October 27, 1868
4th. August 26, 1870
sth: April 11, 1871..
6th. 3fay,ls, 1871...
7th. June 23, 1871..
These collections the special af,rent
acconnts. for as follows :•_..
Ist. May 2: 1867, paid debt due
by the. State to the United
States, being balauco of quota
of direct tax $1,304,711 43
May 2, 1867, re=paid cash adralc
cli to the State by the Laated
' States, Sept. 20, 1861 609,000 03
'AL Paid Into State Treasury as to3oss
'April 20, 1871, cash $137,822 50
May 16, 1871, cash " 242.167 57
June 27, 1871, wish. - . 298,75:3 as
July 21, Pra •
, cash 29,997-53
81,946,710 3:3
291,007 90
3d. lint commission of ten pg..
cent= on this amount
.etaine , rfroin the collect.
, tions
From these results it will be seen
that the present condition of the .
claims against the National Govern
ment stands thus :
Amount of chums tiled as Wore
shown 0,172,213 15
Of which there Nava _ been allowed
and collected. ..... 2,970.460 11
The balance at tirelient in ana
pcnse Amounts to
=WM
350,003 00
$ll2 30
1,989,115 ea
105,651 46
136.£46 09
137,822 59
242,167 57
V 5,753 08
$2,910,469 11
7i8,710 77
'1,916 91
.2,910,46 11
ZG1,719 03
rurth er claims on the part of the
State can, I am informod, be
fairly. made, with good pros
pect of Collection to the amount
of •
Making the amount of efleperided
and ontstandlog claims yet to
be collected....
By the fourth section of the act
apprOved May 1; 1868, taxing corpo
rations, it is declared :
" That the capital stock of all com
panies whatever, incorporated by or
under any law of this Commonwealth,
* * shall bd subject to pay .a tax
into the Treasury of the Common
wealth annually, at the rate of one,
half mill for each one per- dent. of
dividends made or declared by such
company."
The taxes received during the last
four_ years from corporation stocks
have annually exceeded one milliOn
dollars, and are now about the one
sixth part of the revenue of the State.
" The Credit Mobilier of America"
is a corporation created by the Leg
islature of Pennsylvania; and under
the vast powers conferred by its char
ter, it undertook the construction of
that great national work, the Union
Pacific railroad. The first contract
was made with a Ar. Hoxie for two
hundred and forty-seven mile's, at 1.3. e -.
eastern terminus' of the road, and
east of the one-hundredth meridian,
for the consideration of fifty thousand
dollars per mile. - Tbis'contract was
assigned by Hoxie to the Credit -Mo
biller, and the - road was built by that
company. In the execution. of the
contract ,certain profits were made
and dlyidends divided by the 'corpo
ration; and the taxes due therebn to
the State of Pennsylvania -were vol
untarily paid into the Treasury.
Soon afterwards another contract
was made with Mr. Oakes Ames, for
the construction of six hundred-and
sixty-seVen miles of said road'west of
the one-hundredth meridian, for an
aggregate consideration of forty-sev
en million nine hundred and fifteen
thousand dollars., • This part of the
road was constructed tinder the lat
ter contract; and out of the, profits
arising therefrom about the • sum of
nine million dollars was declared as
di ' vidends, and paid to the stockhold
ers of the Credit Mobilier. But when
' - the State demanded her takes on
these immense profits, payment was
refuse& by the corporation, on the
, -
grounds that- the dividends though
paid to, and received by,, the stock
holders of the corporation, and in the
precise amounts and, proprtions in
which they severally held stock in' the
company, were yet paid to' them.as in
dividuals, and not as stockholders. To
make good this defence sundry pa
pers, agreementennd contracts were
produced,. and especially a tripitrtite
agreement between Oakes Am s of
the first part, sundry trustees th rein
appointednf the 'second art, an he
Credit Mebilier of the third part
.. y
whieh, and the accompanying pa - rol
evidence, it was &intended the cor
poration was not reiponsible for the
taxes claimed, amounting to about
one million dollars. The accounting
officers of the State, with counsel
employed, by the Auditor. General,
associated with the Attorney Gener
al, prosecuted 'the claim with zeal
and ability; and on the . two separate
trialS in the court of common pleas
of Dauphin county 'recovered verdicts
and judgments against the corpora
tion.
The first was obtained_ November
25, 1869, for $407,483 39, and the
second, December 23, 1870, $610,391
03.. - the defendant - took writs of er
ror; andithe Supreme Court reversed
the judgments, and in the opinion
of a majority of the judges certain
principles are declared which - are
considered fatal to a recovery by the
State.. If this corporation, created
by the laws of Pennsylvania, by the
legerdemain of a tripartite agreement,
and other contracts and proceedings
to which the Commonwealth was not
a party, can thus evade taxation up
on its capital stock, I 'can imagine no
good reason why every other corpo
ration may not, by, a resort to the
same ingenious contrivance, escape
the payment of taxation on. their cap
ital Stock, and tlptiv-over a million
dollars -annually INS lost to the State
Treasury. In view of this impending
danger, I earnestly invoke your
prompt and careful, consideration of
this whole subject, and recommend
such action as will in the future ef-
fectually. protect the interests of the'
Commonwealth.. . •
. The people at the:last election hav
ing proclaimed =mistakably in fa
vor of a convention to revise the
Constitution, it. will -doubtleSs be the
pleasure of the Le'gislature to pro
vide the necessary legal machinery
to carry out the popular will on this
important_ subject. I-cordially sym
pathise with this movement, and .in
(my last anneal message presented
My views thereon so fully that a re
petiticin of them is deemed unneces
sary, but to which special reference
is made: A careful 'revi . sion of our
foundamental law, by men, qualified
for that duty, is imperatively de
manded by the highest considerations
of public welfare.
Connected with this, in. a consid
erable degree, are the ,questions of
the establishment of a "Court of Ap
peals," arid- the appointment of a
commission to revise the tax laws
and to equalize jtaxation. Both of
these measures rare important,. and
Are Urged upon my consideration by
intelligent men from different parts
of the State. But, inasmuch as the
constitutional convention-. may,. with
propriety, undertake the re-organiza,
tion of our , iudicial system, and as
taxation should' be besed upon and
made comfortable to the require
ments of the Constitution,l incline
to the opinion that :general
tion on these subjects had better be
postponed until the acti.m of the
proposed conventions t;.:..111 be known.
The seenrl of-,the first ar
ticle of Liu Constitution of the Unit
ed States, as modified by the second
section of the fourteenth amendment
thereto, 'defines the principles and
basis of congressional representation;
and imposes on each State the duty,
of dividing the same, every ten years,
into: Congressional 'districts, each
containing as nearly as possible the
ratio of inhabitants adopMl by Con- .
tri•ess, based , upon. "the 'numeration
of the National census of 1870. No
more important duty than this ap-
VMr..*
per Annum A.dviinco.
. •
tiortionment of the State into. Con
gressional districts is likely to de
volve upon the pregent Legislature ;
and I bespeak forit that careful and
patriotic consideration which is.re
quired by the magnitude of the in=
Wrests involved. .
About the close of the session of
the Legislature in 1870, an act was
100.000 00
$361,718 08
passed and approved, _entitled "A
supplement to the Milford and Mat
amortui Railroad Company." The
fourth section of this enactment
seems to have been intended to take
rom the State, and give to the com-
pany,.the ten thousand dollars bo
nus, paid into the State Treasury an
nually by the New York and Erie
Railroad Company, under the fifth
section of the act of 26th Mardi,
1846. Soon after the adjournment;
my attention was directed to the
'subject, and to gnard against loss I
eaused.the AttOrney General to give
notice to the New York, and. Erie
Railroad Company that` l :the State
would look to that corporation for
the payment of the annual bonus, as
heretofore„ notwithstanding the pass
age of the supplement referred to. I
regard the latter au having been en
acted and .approved, through inad
vertence, in the hurry of a closing
session, and as hasty and inconsid-
orate legislation, at Tarianee,with the
- settleA policy of the State, and high
ly prejndieial•to the public interests;
and I therefore earnestly repeat the
recommendation in my last annual
measage for the-. immediate repeal ofe
this obnoxious law, or at least of that
part of it which - relatea to bonus.
The State having long since aband'-
oned the policy of paying money out
of her Treasury for the construction
of railroads, there is- neither equality;
or justice in allowing this 'enactmen
to, remain in force.
Every citizen is deeply intereited
in4lie management and welfare
our common ichools,and in the cause
of general education, and should re-
joice that in the prosperity of so
great a trust he is charged with an
appropriate share of responsibility.
In proportion as the character of
public instruction is elecated,the vast
multitudes -who emerge from our
schools will be properly . prepared ,for
the active duties of life, and "the
weighty responsibilities of American
citizenship." .
Thirty-seven years have elapsed
since the common school system was
introduced into Pennsylvania, and
the general prosperity of- the - State
has, ever since, been commensurate
with the advantages that haVe been
afforded to • its rapidly increasing
population. Those who were instru
mental in its introduction, and those
who have devoted themselves to iter
fecting its operations as to methods
of teaching, the adaptation of build
ings, and all othor means of educa
tion, are fully appreciated and com
pensated by the gratitude of all . gopd
and intelligent people. But much
yet - remains to be done to perfect its
ultimate purposes, and it- must'not
ge . said of us, now upon the field of
action, that , we are permitting: the
,good work tolanguish in our hands.
No just complaint should be allowed
as to its efficiency, or that its great
and important ends are_not being ac
complished.' .
It was certainly the purpose of the
founders of our common school sys
tern to give every - child in -the Com
monwealth, withont - regard to its pe
cuniary or social condition, the, ad
vantages of suflicieAt education to en
able him or her to engage in the suc
cessful transaction of the ordinary
branches of business, and to obtain
and maintain a respectability which
ignorance can never acquire. Thus
far this has not been fully accom
plished; for I am informed there are
at least seveitty-five \ thousand chil
dren in tifeState who attend no
schools of any‘l;ind whatever. It is
unnecessary to inquire into the - rea-
sons for this shameful neglect. That
remedy may probably be found eith
er in compelling, or in holding out
inducements' to parents and others
having children in charge, whether
rich' or poor, to afford‘them trio ben
efits, for at least a reasonable term.
61 years, of our public schools.
Those who neglect this 'duty are
unfit guardians, and deserving of se
vere reprehension. Parents' are not
the sole owners of their children:
The latter . are: the 'property -of the
State; the prosperity of - which Materi
ally depends upon-their future -use
_fulness. They aro emphatically"hcr
children, and ,have an indefeasible
right t 6 demand her protection • in
their youth,that in advanced life they,
may; In turn, become her protectors. t •
Let them-be properly reared, trained
cultivated, and they will. grow up to
maturity loving the hand that foster
ed them, and feeling a-deep, and last-,
ing interest in it's welfare for fhe pa
ternal care they received. And thus
many who would otherwise be neg
lected may become an honor to them: ,
selves, and bright and shining light's
in the 'moral, social, religions and po
litical firmament of the Common
wealth, But let these be neglected,
and what are the adverse- results ?
Idleness and ignorance are the pro
lific sources of vice, and crime. . They
will fill our alms-houses with' youth
ful vagrants, our priions with con•
victed criminals, „houses of infamy
with dissolute wretches,l the Purlieus
of our cities with.drunken, miserable
and half starved vagabonds; and cov
er our "Potter's field'a" with the
graves of those who might have been,
with proper instruction, ornaments
to society and serviceable to their
country. These statements aro fully
sustained by; 'the reports Of prison
inspectors, wardens, physicians and
philanthropists' 'who have given the
subject careful consideration; and it
has been ,clearly demonstrated that
an exceedingly small percentage of
the suffering beings who crowd- our
prisons and poor houses have 'receiv
ed even the rudiments Of an ordinary
education, or moral instruction dur
ing their childhood.' This eondition
of things admonishes those having
charge of the public interests of a
great responsibility, and that the ap
plication of effectual remedies admits
of no delay. Therefore, such legisla
tion is recommended` as will remedy
any defects in our school system that
have hitherto failed to maim thor
ough, comprehensive and universal:
I would advise a more liberal poli
cy ttr:be adopted in regard' to tho
`k^+t>`7?~uT"..X""W~'_A 6 T3~s`;4.'~ 7 wi''Fra.'~'~:~Tilba"~' • . , ~`~" >n
- NUMBER 33.
mama
-
esewepestkiei of frAlidierOsi,heintb-
Ili wit' liebi;llist; the highest :'order ar
talent and the 'Net qailing, &no for
the reqiunaible sad letiportiit duties
of instruction may. allay be Island.
- -On this occeston I-114111) omitted
*the statistical. stabil:aside • - esiuliting
the condition of the 'different branch- -
es'of the &hoof en sand re
*Toothily invite your :Mention to the
Oare:ltilly pp forte of the Su
perintendent for detailed account
of the Ikrinal, - A 'ennuis!, Com - -
mina Soldiers" Orphans' schools
and Collegee, and to"-the snOestions
and hcommendations therein. 'His
long and succesafal eerier aa-mi edu
cator eminently entitlesihem to your
attentive consideration: I ski() not
ornmend an appropriation of five'
hundred had twenty thousand dollars. - :
in aid of the _ ammo" schools; and
four hundred and eighty thousand
dollars for the continuance of the sol-
diers' and orphans' sehools, for the
school year terminating May 31,1873,
The accompanying report of the
Adjutant
,General will be found an
intereding,document 'lt is replete
with valuable information in reganl
to which every citizen of the Com-,
monw,ealth is deeply concerned. The
preeent condition and efficiency of
the military organization's of the
State, recognized as the "National
Guard," is in most instances such as
to give general satisfaction.- From'
a very small beginning, at the close
of the war, they have assumed an at- :
titude most creditable to the patriot
ic adder of 'our young men, some of
whom during the past year hive been
enabled to avail themselves of an op
portunity to prove their ttsefulness
the field. . .
The -effective force of the- National
Guard is at; ' present nineteen sregi
meats, an three three battalions, compris
with) untached organizations,
three hundred and eighty-two' com
panies, Viz: Eight artillery, twenty
cavalry, and three hundred and fifty-_
four. infantry. - Of the regimental or
ganizations, thirteen are in the First
division, one in the Second, .-three in
the Eighteenth,and two in th Ninth.
The aggregate of enlisted men is sir
,teen, 'thousand seven hundred and
thirty-four, and the commissioned of,
ficers number oue thousand one hull
dred and forty-two. Fifth
gade,ctf the First division . ; organ, zed
in accordance with an act of tile hist
~Legislature- , is composed of thi e
iments of colored troops.
The entire, force is •h Asomely
equipped, and generally ell — drilled
and disciplined,and prepaXed to meet
any ordinary emergency in which its
services may be required or dentin&
ed by the constituted authorities.
The riotous condition - of affairiiii
Luzerne, county during the months - of
April and May last, demonstrate the
necessity for and ; efficiency i?fghese
voluntary • military ' organiiations.
For a full account of these disturb-
antes of the peace,and the operations
of the volunteers ordered into
you are referred-to the report Of-Ma
jor General Edivin. S. - Oliborne, com
manding the Ninth clivision: ;of the_
_National Guard, which- will be 'found
in .the report of . the Adjutant Gener
al.. F : rcitu this document . . - and other
facts daily communicated to me dur
ing the Scranton 'troubleB, it is-evi
dent that our citizen soldiery — Cannot
be-too higilly esteemed for" their •ser
-vices' oh that occasion; and their use
fulness is denwnstrated, - should simi
lar, or any other civil diAtnrbances,
hereafter occur •
But for the prompt appearance and
judicious management of the Nation
al Guard on the (Seca :slot/ of these ri-
Ots, one of our most prosperousi cities
might have been • reduced to ashes;
millions of property desiroyed, !naany
valuable lives sacrificed, and scenes
of general ruin and devastion pro
duced.
By act of the 'legislature proviiiion
was made for the ex.penses necessary
for the suppression. of the disturb
ances in • Lnzerne county. They
amounted to thirty-seven thousand
eight htindred'and sixty-seven dollars
and thirty-sir cents, The various •
items comprising this sum, properly
audited, and paid By, the State
i Treas
urer, will be found in 'detail n - the
report of the Adjutant General
The history of the volunteers in•
the late war is completed and ready_
for distribution. It embracei five
royal octavo volumes, arnlbears evi
dence of being a work of much ilabor
and research. Accompanying this
:you will receive the final 'report of
the Historian. -
At the session of -- 1870; the. Legis
lature passed •an net, entitled `"An
Act - to-allow writs of error incases of
murder and-voluntary manslaughter,"
the-first section of which provides
that a. writ of "error "shall be of right,
iind.Wta.y be sued out upon the oath
of the defendant or defendants,, as in
civil • cases."- The second section
makes it the duty of the judges of-the
Supreme Court, in all such cases, to
review both the law and the evidence.
The importance of this subject, and the neglect of the. Legislature to act
upon it in response to the request
my-last annual message, makes it in
ctimbent "%ion me - to repeat - my rec
ommendation. Before this enactment
the law required the defendant to al
lege that sonic, error had. been rcom-.
''reittcd-by the -Court on the trial,' and
to show -cause, within thirty days,
~ v ,by the writ of - error should be
granted; but, this law gives . - a writ,
whether any error is alleged 'orj not,
and, allows the defendant seven years
in' which to issue it, according to the
practiee in cieilarases.` Heretofore the
Eieentive did not
_ordinarily issue
the warrant for :execution of any -
criminalsuntil the expiration of thir
ty days ,within which he was permit- .
ted to apply for his writ of error., .
That limitation of thirty days being
now virtually repealed, and seven
years substituted therefor, is - it ex
pected the warrant shall'be withheld
for the seven years? If not, when
may it properly issue?_ And if issued
at any time within the seven years,
may not the eriminal supersede if at
any time he pleases \by his. writ of
error? And may it not be reasona-.
bly expected that
_this will be the
practical result in many \ case.s ? This
would seem like trifling with Very se
rious matters; and I respectful' sub
mil whethei• the -act should not be=
repealed; or very : materially modified,
Without delay. In.try message of IGth•:
February; 1870, _ returning the
bill --
with objections, I gave -sundrY rea
sons why it should not be approved;
and the views therein expressed re
-main unchanged; and theipierne
Court of the State, in the Sheeppo
case, expresses its opinion of this en=,
actment, as follows:
"It is not improper hater° closing to say a
few words in reference to the act ot 1870, to
draw attention to'some of ita defects,aud to the
radical change in our criminal jurisprudence it .
will produce. It was passed for this case, tint
owing to the Governor's veto it came too late.
It is another evidedce that the laws. which aro
the offspring of feeling are seldom wisely fram
ed. It commands this court to review the eri
del.ce and to determine whether the ingredients
to constitute murder m the first degree were
proved to exist ; and yet in forgetfulness of the
former law. it provides no means to take, pre
mere, and bring t, the eridence. This, the first
atttempt to actfitinder it, proves ita inefficien
cy, the judge bolo* returning to our certiorari
that he was not able to mate the return of the