JigMuUuraL
Protecting Soils in Winter-
The importance of winter mulching,
sheltering from winds and other
modes of protecting the soils and
plants which grow in it from the ef
fects iif freezing and cutting winds,
has been much dwelt upon by writers
ui late years. The advantages of such
protection have been well understood
by many cultivators. But there have
In en no distinct or accurate observa
tions showing the precise amount of
difference between exposure and the
different kinds of covering. Having
recently made some examinations,we
report them with the hope that they
will lead to others of a more directly
applicable character on the part of
some of our readers.
The observations were made on soil
early in winter,after exposure to cold
averaging some ten or twelve degrees
below freezing, for about a week, ac
companied with a good deal of wind.
The depth to which the ground was
found frozen will indicate the various
degrees of advantage resulting from
the different kinds of protecFon.
Bare soil beaten moderately hard in
.. farm road was found frozen very
hard to an average depth of six inch
es with a variation of an inch or so,
as the surface was more or less ex
posed to the sweep of the winds. It
should be remarked that all the soils
examined were a strong heavy loam.
Soil which had been plowed last
summer, but had become settled and
iiard, and a beaten path slightly cov
ered with grass, were both frozen
down about five inches.
Soil mellowed late in autumn, hard
-,uil sheltered ten feet off with an ev
ergreen screen ten feet high, and pas
ture closely grazed, were all frozen
down about four inches.
Under soft pasture grass covering
the suiface two or three inches in
thickness, the soil was frozen to a
depth of one and a half inches, vary
ing with the degree of exposure on
knolls of flat surface : and in depres
sions a foot deep and several feet
wide where the grass was somewhat
thicker, there was little or no frost.
Under the lee of a ton foot ever
green screen, three feet from it, hard
ground was frozen only two inches
deep. About the same depth of frost
was found where the soil was covered
with an inch or two of leaves,or with
an inch of rhoss, in an exposed situa
tion.
Soil entirely under the prostrate
branches of evergreen trees or cover
id with short grass,close beside such
trees,was frozen down about an inch.
Soil covered with an inch of fine moss,
near dense evergreen screens,was not
frozen at all.
These observations will suggest to
cultivators some practical hints in the
planting and cultivation of half hardy
or tender plants and shrubs. The ad
vantage of mellow surface, acting as
a non-conductor of frost, is shown by
the lessened depth in freezing, good
brainage being necessary for such
pulverization. When the pulveriza
tion is very perfect the frost scarcely
causes adhesion among the particles,
and it is therefore nearly impossible
for it to heave or throw out the roots.
Late fall rains may, however, render
such soils more compact—rendering
it advisable to tread the surface to
exclude the rain in cases of late au
tumn transplanting unless it can be
done by leaves or other artificial cov
ering.
The protection afforded by a thick
coating of grass,when compared with
a closely grazed surface,is <jtiite strik
ing,and shows at least one of the rea
sons of the great superiorty of pas
tures in spring that are not severely
fed on in autumn.
The protection alforded by moss
and leaves in exposed situations,
points out the importance of winter
mulching to tender plants or even to
hardy ones as strawberries, or to the
roots of trees liable toinjuty as dwarf
pears.
The remarkable protection afforded
by evergreen screens and trees is an
additional corroboration of the many
observations made of late years on
this branch of the subject. There is
no question that by surrounding a
plot of ground with deuse evergreens,
accompanied with covering of leaves
ci moss,many plants generally regar
ded as green-house plants might be
sub jected wholly to open air culture.
< 'nuntry Gent.
Fi"in the Country Gentleman.
Winter Feed of Animate.
In the northern States, where the
time required for feeding animals on
dried food is never less than five
months, and often extends to six, it is
a matter of great importance to use
this dried food in the most economi
cal manner. It is safe to say that the
imperfect modes, now too commonly
adopted, involves a loss in the aggre
gate of many million dollars every
year. One lruitful source of loss is
ihe exposure of animals, more partic
ularly of sheep and cattle, in open
yards or fields where one third more
food in consumed solely for the pur
pose of keeping them warm, than in
tight, comfortable,well littered sheds
and stables. Another large portion
is wasted by being trodden under foot
lor want of suitable racks and feed
ing boxes. A third source of waste
is in giving the food to the animals
in a form or condition in which they
cannot eat it readily—and this brings
us to the suggestion which we wish
to make.
Immense quantities of corn fedder
have been raised all through the coun
try. Where it has been well preserv
ed it is worth much more than when
injured by mouldiness, exposure to
rains, ike. The additional labor re
quired in setting up the stalks in
straight, even, still" shocks is always
many times repaid by the improved
condition and value of tbe fodder.—
Hut the question at present is—taking
the fodder as we find it—how can we
make the most of it ?
Farmers w: o have practiced cut
ting their corn stalks into fine chafl,
have found that it is doubled as an
average in value. The stalks which
are so largely rejected when uncut,
are entirely consumed ; and the cat
tle jjaie maintained in a better condi
tion. It is necessary to use a cutting
machine that may be driven by horse
power, and which will cut no longer
than the fourth of an inch. Those who i
have stationary or endless chain horse
powers may easily use them with
great advantag • for this purpose.—
A farmer, whose herd varied from 3U
to 10 head, wag in the prn dice of cut-
ting up, with his six horse power, in
a few hours, on stormy days, enough
food to last fouror five days. It was
apt to ferment if left in large heaps
much longer, except in very cold wea
ther. As all cattle are greatly bene
fitted in winter by a small portion of
ground grain, even if only a pint or
two for each daily, this meal may be
sprinkled over the feed when given
out. Clean bright straw, mixed with
the corn-stalks and cut up with them
or mixed afterwards, will be an im
provement on the score of economy
and will be masticated and digested
more perfectly than when the animals
are obliged to reduce the long straw
entirely with thgir teeth.
We published last summer a valua
ble statement made by E..W. llereud
een of Macedon, X. Y., of his mode of
feeding horses,by which he kept them
in the finest working condition with
only two thirds of the common ex
pense of feeding them on hay and
grain. His experiments were the
more reliable because they were the
result of actual weighing and meas
uring. He employed oat straw, corn
meal and bran as their entire food.—
The straw was cut with a cylinder
raw-hide machine,about an inch long ;
the work being done on rainy days,
and the cut straw stored in a bin.—
This, when fed,was mixed with about
three quarts oi corn meal and bran,in
equal proportions by weight, to each
horse, three times a day. The straw
from three acres of oats fed a pair of
horses from the last of August to the
first of April, without using a pound
of hay- -about 100 bushels of the mix
ture spoken of being required during
the tirne--eacii horse using about 13
lbs. per day. We can testify, from
personal observation, to the tine ap
pearance of the horses thus kept.
At the present time,wheu the price
of hay is so high,every feeder of stick
should give special attention to the
subject. The mixture of bran with
the more concentrated food of ground
corn or barley, is not only economical
in itself, but assists digestion by ren
dering the whole more easily acted
upon in the stomach.
A Word for Mules.
We are glad to see that the use of
mules for all kinds of hard, rough
work, is steadily gaining ground.
These animals are not beautiful or
musical, but they are useful and
economical. They are fit for work
3'oungcr than the horse, since they
arc put to service at three years old,
though they do not reach their ma
turity until seven years of age.
Their temper, health, and usefulness
depend very much on the manner of
breaking them. The so-called stub
bornness and obstinacy of this ani
mal arises chiefly from the abuse he
is wont to receive when young. He
seldom if ever bites or kicks those
who treat him kindly. But the fact
is that the club and whip and whip
handle and boot-toe are applied to
him without mercy ; and yet he is
expected to be always as patient and
gentle as a cow !
The mule will do more work, and
require less grain than a horse ; he
is less liable to diseas ■, and recov
ers from sickness and injury quicker
than a horse. He works better when
old, ai d holds out longer. He sel
dom takes fright, or runs away. He
does not like overurging when draw
ing heavy loads, and he should nev
er be driven very fast. In making
up spans (those of 15 to 15£ hands
high make most serviceable teams),
those of similar dispositions should
be chosen and put together, so that
they will work together pleasantly
and with a will. The mule seems
made for work—he thrives under it,
: and is better in sp'irits and temper
j than when idle.— Agriculturalist.
SHEEP. —Require abundance of
[ straw for bedding in order to keep
their wool in good condition, and es
pecially important to them is shelter
from falling snow or wet; mud is bad
! for all stock, but worst for sheep.—
Regularity of feed makes more wool
| than a feast one day and a famine the
next. Be not content with small sheep
j and light fleeces. With all our im
provements in this department, there
is still great room for more. A Span
ish proverb says : "The eye of the
i master fattens the horse." Washing
-1 ton tells us, that when he superinten
| di d his sheep the average weight of
' fleece was over live pounds, but after
! he had beeu absent from home a few
i years, it was less than three.
DARKNESS FOR FATTENING ANIMALS.—
All animals fatten better in the dark
j than in the light, and this can only be
accounted for by the increased quiet.
In the dark the animal remains per
fictly quiet, while in the light the re
verse is often the case. Some kinds
of stock which are the most irritable
in confinement, as turkeys and geese,
are found to lay on fat best when con
fined in the dark, and fed only at sta
ted periods. There is no surer proof
that a pig is doing well than to see
him eat his meal quickly, and go to
bed to sleep till feeding again.— Ger
mnntoicn Tel.
DEHORIZING PRIVIES.- -An occasional
application of coal ashes and common
soil to the contents of privies, will do
away with the offensive odor arising
from them, while it will form a coin
compost readily removed and of great
utility in the protection of garden and
farm crops.
A correspondent of the Ger
mautown lelegraph recommends soak
ing shingles ie thick lime water for
forty eight hours or longer,when first
made. He knows of a roof that has
been in use twenty-eight years and
still in good condition, and attributes
its preservation to this process.
I NPERDRAINING LAND. —Experiments
in underdrainiug land were made in
Scotland last year for the purpose of
determining the effect on the tempe
rature of the soil, compared with that
in the same vicinity which was not
drained. The result was that the
draining raised the temperature 1.5
degrees, equal to a removal of the'
land from one hundred to one hundred
and fifty miles south. This is an im
portant consideration connected with
compact, heavy soils, whose retentiv
ness of water renders them cold and
comparatively inert with respect to j
vegetation. Draining land involves
considerable expense, but its increas
ed productiveness soon repays this,
besides assuring increased profits for
tbf future
fWcrrljanMif.
'
j
JPAI.L AND WINTER GOODS
'
FOE CASH.
Henry Merger & Co.
TOWANDA, PA.,
t
HEALERS IN
FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC
DRY GOODS,
DOMESTICS,
WOOLENS,
I
HOSIERY
AND
NOTIONS,
BOOTS AND SHOES,
CROCKERY, &C.
Nov. 5, 18CG.
E W ARRIVAL!
W. A. ROCKWELL,
la now receiving an unusual large suppply of
GOODS,
Comprising a fashionable assortment of
DRESS trOODh,
CLOAK INGS,
SHAW nS,
BREAKFAST CAPES,
I
HOODS,
'
■
EMBROIDERY
HOUSE FURNISHING GOODS,
SHEETING,
BATTING,
YARN,
And all descriptions oi
DRY GOODS
For Men and Boys wear,
CLOTHS, CASSIMERES, HATS,
i '
CAPS,
BOOTS, SHOES, OF ALL KI.YDS.
Also a large assortment of
CROCKERY, GLASSWARE,
LAMPS, -
LANTERNS, &c ,
To lie sold'at the lowest rates.
WOODEN WARE,
'
Of all descriptions, Bird Cages, Ladies
Fancy Buckets.
TOYS FOR THE CHIi.DREN,
To appreciate the great variety, yon must call
and see them.
Perfumery, Jewelry, and all sorts Knicknacks
GROCERIES
Of all kinds. Syrups, Molasses, Sugar, at the
lowest market price.
TO THE PUBLIC.
We have purchased these goods at the low
est decline in the market, and feel confident
that I can give utmost satisfaction quality and
prise.
Towanda, Oct. 15, 1866.
SOMETHING NEW UNDER THE
SUN.- D, W. HUGHES, has fitted np his
car (formerly occupied lor a Picture Gallery)
for an Eating Saloon, where he intends to keep
all kinds of Refreshments served np in the best
style. He has made an arrangement with an
extensive Oyster Dealer to furnih liim with the
best kind of Oysters directly Irom Baltimore,
whereby lie will be able to furnish parties and
families on the shortest notice. He has'always
on hand the best kind of ale. cider and domestic
wines, also segars, candies and nuts of all kinds
Farmers and others visiting Towanda, will find
it to their interes' to call at this saloon to get
their meals, where they can be aceommodaed
with the best of tare at a cheap rate. The high
est price paid for all kinds of fruit, chesnuts Ac
Don't forget the place, second door south of
Beidlemans Block, Towanda. Pa.
Per.
Drugs uub fHebicincs.
I H. GORE'S DRUG STORE
W. H. H. GOKE, (successor to Banstow &
1 Gore.) i 3 continuing the business at the old
stand No. 4, Patton's Block, where he is daily
receiving additions to his Stock from the most
reliable importers and manufacturers respect
fully asks or a liberal share of public patron
• age, A large stock oi
FRESH DRUGS AND MEDICINES
, Has just been received, and we are now pre
pared to supply the
WANTS OP THE PUBLIC WITH ARTICLES
BELONGING TO THE TRADE.
P. RE WINE"' AND LIQUORS,
FOR MEDICAL USE ONLY.
A FULL ASSORTMENT OT CONCENTRATED
BOTANIC. EC I, Ei TIC AND HO.M<KPATHIC
MEDICINES.
ALL THE POPULAR PATENT MEDICINES.
PAINTS, OIL, VARNISH,
PAINT AND VARNISH BRUSHES,
DYK-3TTPFS AND GLASS.
FANCY AND TOILET ARTICLES OF EVERY
KIND.
TILDKN'S ALCOHOLIC AND FLUID EXTRACTS,
A IMA LOU) AXI/ RESIXOIDS.
All the Best Trusses,
I
ABDOMINAL SUPPORTERS,
Shoulder Braces,
BREAST PUMPS, NIPPLE SHELLS, AND
• SHIELDS,
Nursing Bottles, Syringes and Catheters,
A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF RAZORS, STROPS, POCKET
KNIVES,
SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS OF LATE STYLE
AND BEST QL ALITY.
A large supply Brushes for the Hat and Hair.
Also for the Teeth and Nails, Tooth Pow
ders and Pastes, Oils, Perfumery,
Soaps, Combs, Hair Dye, lnvigor
ators.&c., kerosene. Kerosene
Lamps, Shades, Chimneys,
Wicks, Ac., all of the
late st styles.
CHOICE CIGARS, TOBACCO AND SNUFF.
EAR Physicians supplied at reasonable rates.
Medicines and Prescriptions carefully and ac
-1 curately compounded and prepared by compet
j ent persons at all hours ol the day and night.
I Sunday hours from 9to 10 o'clock in the fore
! noon, to 2in the altcrnoon.
W. H. 11. GORE.
Towanda, Sept. 29, 1860.
(Slotting.
QOOD NEWS. REBEL L 1 0 N
ENDED!
THE PRICE OF CLOTHING
GONE DOWN WITH GOLD !
The best stock of good, well made Cloth
| ing evei brought to this market is now open for
, inspection at ti.i
STORE OF R. W. EDDY,
j Bought siuce the fall oi Gold and the Rebellion
| which will enabie him to give his customers the
) benefit of verj low figures, and the decline in
: prices. My goads as usi al are stylish, and a la
| rnoile. No second rate shoddy goods, every
j article guaranteed as represented or a sale.
My goods arc all
, THE LATEST FASHIONS,
And equal to the best city custom made, an-'
■■t to a T As usual the best quality all wool
Business Suits, Black Frock Coats, Black Doe
Pants and Vesta, Linen Coats, Dusters, and
Pants, The Latest Style Fine Silk Hats, Solt,
Straw, Panama and Cloth Hats, White -u Neg
j ligee Shirts, Collars Neck Ties, Gloves,s-uspen
! ders, Under Shirts and Drawers, Best quality
English Half Hose. Over Alls, Over Shirts, Lin
| en Handkerchiefs, Ladies Fine Morocco Trav
! elling Bags. In fact everything usually found
j in a First Class Gentleman's Furnishing Store.
My motto is good Goods at a fair price are
cheaper than poor goods at any price. All goods
sold at one price, no bantering nor teasing to
make an oiler, but every one gets the same
goods at the same price, which is the bottom
of the market. All old goods marked down to
the gold base, and will be sold regardless of
sacrifice. If you want good goods at a lair
price, go to EDDY'S, where you will find him
ready to show his goods and sell them too at
the lowest figure to correspond with Gold. Bear
in mind the place to buy good, well made, relia
ble Clothing is at R. W. EDDY'S, next door to
Powell & Co R.W.EDDY.
Towanda, Jan. 7. 1865.
j£LOTHING ! CLOTHING !
READY MADE AND MADE TO ORDER.
J. M. COLLINS,
Ist door South of Codding A Russell's, has just
received from New York a large and atractive
assortment of
NEW WINTER CLOTHING.
Our stock comprises every article worn by
men and boys,
PILOT AND BEAVER OVERCOAT'S, BEST
QUALITY BUSINESS SUITS OF ALL
STYLES. COATS, PANTS, VESTS.
SHIRTS, COLLARS, N'K TIES
WRAP ERS, DRAWERS Ac.
GENTS FURNISHING GOODS
Of every description.
Es ecial attention is called to our stock of
CU'THS, CASSIMERES AND VESTINGS
Whic we will make up to order on short notice,
A nice \ine ot Fancy Cassimers for Pants and
Coats. Latest style Hats and Caps. Gents Fur
Collars.
Cutting done to order on short notice.
Bear in mind if you wish to boy Clothing
CHEAP, and as good as represented, call at
Terms Cash. COLLINS'
Towanda, Dee. 7.1865.
QLOTH I N G !
1860. FALL! 1800.
S (J L 0 M ON k SON,
The attention o! the public is invited to the large
and attractive stock ot Goods offering at
PEACE PRICES.
The stock consists ot
OVER COATS, BUSINESS SUITS,
PANTS AND VESTS,
Of all grades, for men A boy's wear, a fine stock
HATS ANI) CAPS.
Also, in store tor the trade, a complete stock of
GENT'S FURNISHING GOODS,
SUCH AS
PLAIN FANCY CASS. SHIRTS,
LINEN AND MUSLIN SHIRTS,
SHIRTS AND DRAWERS,
LINEN COLLARS AND CUFFS,
PAPER COLLARS AND CUFFS,
SUSPENDERS, GLOVES,MITTENS,
SCARFS, TIES, kC., kC.
Call and examine our stock and prices. You will
find it to your interest to do so. We buy ex
clusively tor cash, and with the advantage of
having a Buyer at all times in the market, we
feel confident to supply our friends and custo
mers a' the lowest possible rates. Remember
the place at SOLOMON A SON
No. 2, Patton's Block.
Towanda, Oct. 29.'66.
UfRATTCN 'S YEA ST COMPOUND
KJ is the best yeast ever sold. J am agent lor
the manufacturer. For sale at wholesale or re
tell - E. T. FOX.
SUGARS IN EVERY STYLE FOR
tile cheap, wholesale n- retail, at FOX'S.
Drugs an& JHeMriius.
J) R . H C PORTER,
AT THE
OLD CASH DRUG STORE,
ESTABLISHED TWBHTV YEARS,
Corner Main and Pine Streets. Towanda, Pa.
I Having recently added largely to his Stock, a
! lull and complete assortmen . constituting an
' extensive variety, embracing many articles used
in the Arts for mechanical purposes, carefully
selected with regard to the progreaaive wants of
the public , which will be kept constantly sup
pi ed with fresh purchases, and offered on the
most reasonable terms at Wholesale or Retail,
consisting of
DRUGS, MEDICINES, CHEMICALS,
PAINTS, OILS, VARNISHES,
BENZINE AND TURPENTINE,
SASII, PAINT, VARNISH, WHITE-WASH,
And all kinds of Brashes,
KEROSENE OR COAL OIL,
Alcohol and Burning Fluids,
LAMPS, SHADES, WICKS, CHIMNEYS,
Sperm, Lard, Whale, Neats Foot,
TANNER'S AND MACHINE OILS,
Fancy and Toilet Articles in all their variety,
SPONGES, BRUSHES, SOAPS, COMBS,
Pomades, Hair-Dyes, Perfumery,
POCKET BOOKS, PORT MONAIS,
Pocket Knives, Razors,
TOOTH, SKIN AND HAIII PREPARATIONS
PURE WINES AND LIQUORS,
For Medicinal use,
TOBACCO, SNCKF, PIPES AND CIGARS,
Garden, Field and Flour Seeds, Trusses, Sup
porters, Suspensories, Shoulder Braces,
Breast Pumps, Teething Rings, Nursing
Bottles, Nipples, Nipple shells and
SI ields. Syringes, Bed Pans, Sell-
Scaling Fruit Jars, Thermometers,
Flavoring Extracts, Stone Jugs, Glass
Ware, Bottles, Vials, Corks, Bath Brick,
and Stove Blacking. Fish Taekle, Ammuni
tion, Ac., Botanic, Eclectic and Uomocpath
ic Medicines, and all the Popular Patent
MEDICINES.
AD articles warranted as represented. Per
sons at a distance can I ective their orders by
stage or mail, which will receive prompt anil
careful attention.
DR. DORTERS PREPARATIONS
FOR FAMILY USE,
Known as Safe and Reliable Remedies, ate war
ranted for what they are intended to give satis
faction, viz :
Dr. Porter's Pectoral Syrup, fur coughs,
colds, twig complaints,fy-cditic&il 00
Dr. Porter's Eclectic Pills, for bilious com
plaints and mild cathartic .... 25
Dr. Porter's Sauifer Syrup, for scrofula
skin diseases, q-c 1 00
Dr. Porter's Uterine Tonic, for female weak
ness, s•< 1 00
Dr. Porters Tonic Elixir/oi strengthening
the system, I 00
Dr. Porter's Tansy Schnapps, for liner and
kidney complaints 1 00
Dr. Porter's Comp. Syr. Hypopbosphites,
for nervous debility 1 00
Dr Porter's Blackberry Balsam, for diar
rhaa, Ac 35
Dr. Porter's Family Embrocation foi sprains
bruises, fyc 35
|D. Porte r's Pectoral Wafers, for hoarse
ness, sore throat, &-e 25
i Dr. Porter's Worm Wafers, for expelling
icorms 25
Dr. Porter's Worm Syrup, for extermina
ting tcoims 35
Dr. Porter's Intant Relief;/or crying babies
colic, 25
Dr. Porter's Cephalic Snuff, for catarrh
head ache 25
Dr. Porter's Toothache Drops, for tooth
ache 25
Dr. Porter's Tooth Powder, for preserving
teeth .... 25
Dr. Porter's Tricocene, lor dressing and .50
growing the hair .50
Dr, Porter's Tricophile,ior beautifying the
hair 50
Dr. Porter's Odoriferous Shampoo,for clean
ing the hair 50
Dr. Porter's Milk ot Flowers, tor beautify
ing the complexion -50
Dr. Porter's Pile O nttnent. for' external
piles 1 00
Dr. Porter's french Compound, lor scald
ing urine 1 00
I I)r. Porter's Medicated Figs,, tor habitual
constipation '. 1 00
Dr. Porter's Healing Salve, lor cnts.wounds
Ac 15
Dr. Porter's Lip Salve, for chapped lips ... 25
Dr. Porter's Eye Salve, for inflamed eyes.. 25
Dr. Porter's Eye Water, for inflamed eyes.. 25
Dr. Porter's Corn and Wart Remover, for
corns and bunions 25
Dr. Porte.'"s Constipation Pills, for costive
ness 25
Dr. Porter's li on Pills, lor poor blood 25
Dr. Porter's Citrate Magnesia, for a pleas
ant catharric 50
Dr. Porter's Liquid Rennet, (or making nu
tr tious diet for invalids 25
Dr. Porter's Extract Vanilla, lor flavoring
ice cream, Ac 40
Dr. Porter's Extract Lemon, for flavoring
ice cream—large bottles 40
Dr. Porter's Oriental Cement, fo. mending
broken glass, Ac 25
Dr. Porter's Liquid Oiue, lor repairing
wood work 25
Dr. Porter's Cleansing Fluid,for easy wash-
T r , . iuff 50
Dr. Porter s Bed Bug l'oi3oa, for killing
, bugs 50
Dr. Porter's Fly Poison Paper, tor killing
flies 05
Dr. Porter s Rat and Mice Poison, tor ex
terminating rats 25
Dr. Poricr's Benzine, for removing spots
lrom clothes 25
Dr. Porter's Black Ink, in pint bottles 25
in bulk by the gallon 1 00
Dr. Porter s Horse and Cattle Powder, for -
diseases of animals 30
Dr. Porter's Horse and Cattle Lotion, for
sprains, galls, Ac 50
Dr. Porter's Ring-Bone and Spavin Cute,
for lame horses .. 50
Medical advice given gratuitously at the office,
charging only for medicine.
AS" Thankful tor past libera! patronage.wonld
respectfn ly announce to his Iriends and 11 e
public, that no pains shall be spared to satisfy,
and merit the continuation of heir confidence
and patronage.
H. C. PORTER, M. D.
Dec. li, 1866.—yr.
HEALTH IS THE CHEAT NEED
OF THE AGE.
A NEW SYSTEM OF THE HEALING ART.
N. J. COGSWELL, M. I).,
HYGIENIC PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON,
May be consulted in person or by letter, at
his e-dence, East Spring Hill, Bradford county-
Pa.
An intelligent community require a medical
doctriuc grounded upon right reason, in har
mony with iud avouched by the unerring laws
ot Nature and of the vital organism, and au
thenticated by successful results. Hence we
solicit an examination of our system. Claiming
that all disea es can be successfully treated
with truiy Hygienic Agencies.
No Drug poisons will be given. As a graduate
ol the only College in the world where health is
taught, we shall take especial pains to explain
to the patients tbenatnre of the diserse. The
laws ol life and health, why it it is unnecessary
and dangerous to take drugs, and how to pre
serve health and long life. Will visit patients,
and give directions lor home treatment, when
desired.
East Bpringhill, May 1, '66 ly,p.
BOOK-BLNDERY.— THE PUBLIC
is respectfully informed that the Book-
Bindery has l>een removed to the Argns Build
ing, 3d story, where will be done
BOOK-BIN DING!
In ail its varioua branches, on terms as rea
sonable as" the times " will allow. The Bind
ery will lie under the charge oi
H. C. WHITAKER,
An experienced Binder, and all work will be
promptly done, in a style and manner which
cannot be excelled. Music, Magazines, News
papers, Old Books, Ac,, bound in every variety
of stvie. Particular attention will be paid to
the Ruling and Binding oi
BLANK BOOKS,
To any desired pattern, which in quality and
durability wil be warranted.
All work will be ready for delivery when
promised.
Ihe patronage of the public is solicited, and
perftc satisfaction guaranteed.
Towanda, August 2, 1-66.—tf.
DHOTOGRAPH ALBUMS OF ALL
* i2fM and styles at the NFWF ROOM.
(jjarfcroart.
JJARDWARE.
CODDING & RUSSELL
, HAVE A
LARGE AND WELL SELECTED STOCK OF
GOODS,
To which additions are daily being made, which
| they offer cheap for Cash. A large assortment
OF COOKING STOVES,
f Among the many desirable and beautiful pat
terns is the
- CELEBRATED AMERICAN.
This beautifnl stove is unsurpassed for econo
my in tuel ; is a perfect baker; is the best
COOK STOVE in the market. Among their
' heating Stoves mav be found a great variety
suitable for every place where stoves are used.
STOVE PIPE AND SHEET IRON WORK,
Always on hand and made to order.
TINWARE,
A large stock mani-.factured from the very best
material and by experienced workmen. A very
ful assortment of
IRON, NIALS AND STEEL,
At New York prices.
HOUSE AND CARRIAGE TRIMMINGS,
TOOLS FOR THE FARMER,
' Tools lor the House Joiner and Carpenter—
Tools for Blacksmiths'—Tools for everybody.
. WINDOW SASH AND GLASS, PAINTS, OILS
AMD VARNISHES, MACHINE OIL AND BENZOLE,
, KDROSENE OIL, LAMPS, WICKS AND
CHIMNEYS,
> J BELTING, TABLE AND POCKET CUTLERY,
BRITTANNIA AND PLATKDWARE,
Pumps, Lead Pipe, 1 hain Pumps,
, Water Pipes, Grindstones and fixtures,
KEROSENE LANTERNS,
JOB WORK done with dispatch. Lamps re
paired. Fluid Lamps and Lanterns altered and
fitted to burn Kerosene.
Grain, Old Iron, Casting and Wrought' Scraps,
Copper, Brass, Brittannia, Beeswax, Feathers
and Rags taken in exchange for goods.
Highest price iu cash paid for Sheep Pelts
and Fare.
sat" OUR GOODS have been purchased on
i the pay down system and will be sold for
j READY PAS
I iT"' } CODDING A RUSSELL.
j j Towanda, March 10,1863.
MARSHALL BROTHERS k GO.,
DEALERS IN
HARD W A R K !
TIN, COPPER, SHEET IRON, AND
HOUSE FURNISHING GOODS,
TOWANDA, PENN'A
Store one door south of the Post Office.
R. T. M ITl.su ALL. W. K. MARSHALL. M. M. ME NEW. I
I
i MARSHALL BROTHERS & CO.,
j Wish to call the attention oi the public to
| their Eew Stock of
' i HARDWARE.
FARMING IMPLEMENTS,
BLACK SMITHS' TOOLS,
, and CARPENTERS' TOOLS.
Also, a lajge assortment of
Window Glass, Sash, Paints, Oils,
Putty, Varnishes, and Paint
and Varnish Brushes
i I of ail kmus, which will be sold for the lowest
i ; Cash price. Also, a tiine assortment of
KEROSENE LAMPS
| of every style and pattern to suit the public.
! Lamps repaired and rbanged from Oil and
' Fluid to Kerosene.
j Particular attention paid to the manufacturing
I of ali kinds of
TIN WARE.
jjOftBING PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO
j Wc have on hand a fine article of
i I GLASS FRUIT JABS,
i with improved self-sealiug corks, and
iHERMETICALSEALINGCA N S,
j which is one of the best cans used.
June 20, 1865.
-furniture.
jpURNITURE WARE-ROOMS !
i JAMES MAKINSON announces to the public
that he still continues to manufacture and keep
on hand a large assortment of
CABINET FURNITURE,
t Bareaus, Tables. Bedsteads. Stands, Chairs,
Ac., of every descriptmi which will be made
, of the best materials, and in he tmost workman
like manner.
( I invite the inectiou of the public to mylwork,
which shall nc be surpssed in durability, at any
shop in the countsy, and my prices will be
found to be as low as the timet will admit.
I Ready-made Coffins constantly on hand or
made to order. A good Hearse will be furnished
. when desired.
Aug. 15,1865.
' JfITEW FURNITURE STORE!
Having rented the Furniture Ware-rooms form
i erly occupied by F. N. Page, Athens, Pa.,
would now say to the pations of the old Estab
. lishment that 1 have a complete Stock of Goods,
\ just received, embracing everything in the
FURNITURE LINE.
I
My goods are new and well selected, and for
)
GOOD GOODS
I
Will not be undersold by any. Call and cx
, amine my stock before purchasing. I retain
the Workmen of the old establishment, and
MR. N. I. HART
Will have chajge of the business and Manufact
uring. In short we have the finest Stock of
Goods in our line west of New York, consisting
of
Parlor Furniture,
Chamber-Setts, Solas, Bureaus, Marble-top
Centre Tables, Extension
and Dining Tables, Chairs, Bedsteads,
Mirrors, Picture Frames,
Photograph Ovals, Cord and Tassels,
Steel Engravings,
Oil Cnrfins, Toilet Stands, Work-Boxes.
Pictures, Ac.
COFFINS AND BURIAL CASES.
Our Undertaker's Department will at all
times be well supplied with everything in that
iiue. We have the
FIXEST HEAIISE
In this section, not cvccpting anythiug west
of New York, and will attend Funerals within
a circuit of Twenty Miles, on reasonable terms.
w . _ , G. H. VOORHIS.
N. I. HART, Agent.
Athens. Jan. 25. 1866.—1y
E W PLANING MILL
The undersigned having built a large and com
modious Mill in the Borough of Towanda, and
filled it with the most modern and improved
machinery, tor the manufacture of
WINDOW SASH, A BLINDS,
are prepared to fill orders, whether large or
small, upon the shortest notice. We have
also a large variety of MOULDINGS, oi the
latest style and pattern, which we can furnish
much cheaper than they can be worked by
hand.
PLANING.
TONGUEING,
GROVEING,
AND SCROLL
SAWING,
and all other work pertaining to Joinery, will
be done to suit our customers.
Persons building, and not living more than
twelve to fourteen miles distant, will find it
largely for their interest to buy of us, or bring
their lumber and worked by our machinery.
Bring your grist oi Flooring, or other lumber,
and while your team is is feeding, have it
ground out and take it home with you.
We will pay CASH for PINE A HEMLOCK
LUMBER delivered at our lumberyard. Come
and see us, or if you can't come, write.
L. B. KODGERS A CO.
Towanda, Feb , 1864.
Shaving and toilet soaps.
for sale cheap at the NEWS ROOM
fllisfeltnneonsr.
BRANCH FOUNDRY
AND
M ACHINE HHo I* ,
Situated on Pine, east of Main Sii-c!,
TOWANDA, BRADFORD CO., F v ,
Is now prepared to turui-di
CIRCULAR SAW MILLS,
and
SHINGLE MACHINES,
Of the test quality with the latest improvem
ents. All kinds of Machinery for Klouriiiß and
Saw Mills.
t STEAM ENGINES,
, MADE & REPAIRED,
STEAM WHISTLES.
STEAM GAGUES,
GAUGE COCKS,
OIL CANS, &<>.,
t Furnished at short notice.
B0 L T C UTTING,
Done from 1 to 11 inches in diameter.
FORGING
Of heavy wrought work for Bridges, and all
other purposes, done to order. Also, a large
assortment of
COOKING & HEATING STOVES,
Coal and Wood Burners. Furniture lor Cooking
, Stoves, Stove Pipe, Tin-Ware, Boat Pumps,
Plows, Cultivators and I.crapers, kept constant
ly on hand.
> DRAWINGS A SPECIFICATIONS
Of all kinds of machineiy for mills and other
purposes prepared by
G . S . PECK,
Foreman. who has had large experience in th! s
branch of the business.
• JOHN CARMAN.
To wan da, Oct. 29,1*66. ly.
DLOOD h CO .
' j Still Manufacture Hie bo*t
, HORSE P O W E R S ,
j |
The Best
>' THRESHERS AND CLEANERS,
r
Also.
THRESHERS AND SEPARATORS,
FANNING MILLS, Ac.. Ac.. Ac.
, All of which we furnish at the Lowest Pii.c*
Cai.l and See, at tiie New Sh<
Athens, Pa., Aug. 16. IHS6.—tf.
UTHE R' S M I I, LS ,
BURLINGTON, PA
The proprietor, having rebuilt his Flouring Mill
in Buriugton. and taken pains in selecting ar
; tides, and the most improved machinery, it is
1 n.)w completed in order tor aii kinds of Fioaiing.
CUSTOM WORK DONE AT SHOUT NOTICE.
with cheerful attendants, who will see to your
wants in good order and with general satisfac
tion.
3"Cash paid for Grain.
April 17 1666. BOSWELf, LUTHER.
n U N s HOP!
GUNS, RIFLES AND PISTOLS.
J. V. Geiokb, would respectlnliy iuh rm the
I public that he has opened his
GUN SHOP
j On the north side of the Public Square, near the
I Court House, where may he found Double and
I Single Barreled Guns, Rifles. Revolvers. Pistols.
Cartridges, Ac .
I Keys tilted to Doors. Trunks and Padlock .
ttfi.- Particular attention given to repa . g.
and all work warranted.
J. V. GEIOER.
Towanda, Aug. 26. 1566 6m.
piANOS, AMERICAN ORGANS
-L AND MELODIAXB.
The undersigned most respectlnliy announces
, to the citizensof Towanda and vicinity, that he
has purchased the Music business of G. T. COLK,
and will hereafter supply any of the above art;
cles, together with
VIOLINS, GUITARS, ACCORDIANS.
STRINGS, AC.,
on as good terms as the.y can be had elsewhere.
W. A. CHAMBERLAIN .
He is also Agent ior tire
CELEBRATED AMERICAN WATCH
and has always on hand, a good assortment of
Swiss Watches, with a general assortment of
JEWELRY AND FANCY GOODS,
Silver and Plated Ware of the BEST MANU
FACTURERS, which will be sold at unusually
low figures. A large variety ot Clocks just re
ceived, among which may be found the Seth Tho
mas, which has no equal
REPAIRING AND JOBBING,
doue with neat iess and dispatch, and wariaut
ed. To those who can't see, we would say go to
Chamberlain's and get a pair of g.asses that will
make you see as well as ever. Don't turget the
shop, nearly opposite the Court House.
Dec. 1, 1*66. W. A. CHAMBERLAIN.
lllagons, Carriages, &"r.
/CARRIAGES, WAGONS,SLEIGHS
THE OLD ESTABLISHMENT STILL IN OPER
ATION
FELLOWS, CRANDALL A CO.,
Successors to Reynolds, Fellows A Co.. are now
offering and are prepared to iurnish on short
notice, Wagons Carriages and S eighs, of all
descriptions and ot the latest snd most appro
ved style, and of the best material at the old
stand opposite the Union House, in the cen
tral part of Alba Borough, Bradtord County.
Pa.
The public are assured that the reputation
the shop has acquired during the last six years
under the superintendence of J . H. Fellows, will
be more than maintained, as he will superin
tend the work as heretofore he having long been
and having had much experience as a Carriage
and Sleigh Buildet, would assure the pull:
that ao pains wi 11 be spared by the above flrni
to make the establishment worthy of their pat
ronage. Thankful as one of the old firm lot the
patronage thus tar extended, we hope to rat rit
a continuance of the same.
N. B—We, the undersigned, being practical
mechanics, can manufacture and offer to the
public at prices that will defy competition.
JAMES 11. FELLOWS,
D. W. C. CRANDALL,
J. G.MERITT
Alba Borough. April 15, 1556. ty.
|JNION CARRIAGE SHOP,
AT ALBA, PENX'A.
The undersigned respectfully informs the cit
izens ot Western Bradtord that he has commen
ced the Carriage and Wagon maunlacturing bu.-i.
ness, in all its variousb ranches in Alba boro
in the shop north ol the Union Hotel. His
foreman in the wood-shop will be N. M. REV
NOLDS. who is well tu the people of
this vicinity, having been in the business for the
last 16 years. He will manufacture to order, and
keep constantly on hand the latest styles of
Buggys, both top and open, Platform, Democrat
and Skeleton Wagons, Sleighs, Cutters. Ac. His
work will be done by the most experienced
workmen, and great care will be taken in pro
curriag the best timber, and the most substan
tial materials. He intends that the work turned
out at his shop for style, durability and cheap
ness, shall not be excelled in the County. RE
PAIRING of all kinds done with despatch . in a
snbtantial manner on reasonable terms. Give
us a call. JAMES MeINTYRE.
Alba, Bradford County, Pa., Feb. 20,1566.—1y
WAVERLY CARRIAGE FAC
TORY.— The undersigned.desire to call
the attention oLthe citizens ot Bradford County
to our
EXCELSIOR CARRIAGE MANUFACTORY.
Our establishment is so completely lilted up in
the departments of Woodwork, Ironing, Paint
ing and Trimming, and so supplied with first
class workmen, as to enuable us to furnish ail
kinds of carriages in the best and most modern
style, and always warranted to be ol the best
material and workmanship. New work of ev
ery kind kept constantly on hand, including
the best article of Platform Spring Wagons to
be fuund in the country. Please call and exam
ine tor yourselves.
Careful attention paid to ordered wo. k, Job
bing and Repairing in each department .especial
ly Painting.
N. KINNEY A CO.
Waverly, N. Y., Nov. 12,1866.-6 .
VI ITCHELL'S EXTRACTS: The
finest extracts for flavoring in use. For
sale wholesale and retail at FOX'S.
iuenrattte.
'i ' •'
r y O\VAN J) A INsUR A\ r K
AGENCY I
.ossesadjusted and prompt! v • ■'
hj It. U M'KEAX, Agent
Of the following well known and rclb.' V r.
; - Office Montanye's Btr,<'
. _X" it"'' .!mount of Capital, . fI? AKHmivm
A: X I >CKCo,MTANV,
Hartford, Conn., (
Capital ..ft.ooo ...
NiAUARA INSURANCE Company
.Yei o York, \
Capital $1,24' .(*?
' NEW Ewh.AVDIm-trancxCohvamt, i
Ho'ljoid, Conn., j
Capital . .. ... iiotijm
WvuMiNU fc.'3I'KKCi:SCE COMPANY. I
ft'itkes-Jiun t, Pa.,i
Capft-.l $l5O .Oho
NORTH AMERICAS TRANSIT INSURANCE i
Co., (Accidental) /
i I'hiludelphia, 1
Capital t'tiO w/j
CONNECTICUT MCTTAI I.IFF. fsSCBASCE I
Co., Hartford, Conn., (
Capital $10,000,(SO
Towanda. Feb. 20, 166 u
OVVA NDA I\SUR AN C E
AGENCY!
H.B. M'KEAN
, Agent for the following well known aad -dhole
- Insurance Companies :
NEW England INSURANCE CO.— Hartford. Con ..
> ASEWS 24i.07 16
r WYOMING INSURANCE COXIPN'Y
Wilkes Barre, Penn'a.
! Capital and Snrphi*.
<i '
ASSETS .
! Stock not called in J VO.Oto
j Bills receivable 40.000
j U. S. 5-20 Bonds 25,000
Temporary and call Loans 6.00-i
1 103 shares Wyoming Bank Stock o.ls-i
i 50 shares Pirsi Nat. Bank at Wiikes-Barre, 6,000
'7O " Sec. " " " 7,000
' 46 shares Wllks-Barre Bridge Stock 2,5>-u
| Real Estate 1,510
j Judgments I'j'i
• Due from Agents and others 7,414
Cfc.-.b in hand and in Bank 1 -42
DIRECTORS.
! G. M. Hoilenbuck. L. D. Shoemaker.
P.. D. Laoe, John Richard-.
H. M Hoy". Charles A. Mine
Samuel Wjdhi.ui- O.Collins,
I Stewart Pierce. Chas. Dorrance
' Wm. S- Loss. G.M. Harding
O. M HOLLENBAOK, President
L. . SHOEMAKER, Vice President.
R. C SMITH , See'a.
H B. M'Kean. Agent Towanda, Pa.
LUZERNE IXrURAXOE AGEXCS
.■ETNA Insurance CO.— Hartford,
Ar- - i s ... $3,000.0<.,
; fl■ .7 ~n 1.. craNcE Co.—A'e York,
• CASTS C APITA/. IKHLOOft
' METROPOLITAN iNsrsANCK Co.
CAPITAL ... $1.4000,e00 *
, ! ROYAL Isscbaxce CO.,
. , CAPITAL fIO.OOQ.OdO
s : Liveepcol A Lokuck IKS. CO.,
•. CAPIVAI $.1,000,000
LIFE INSUUtNCE Cov. sKCTicrrMrrrAi..
ASSETS $5,00oj)0o
; A3" Policies issued fur the .Etna, Fultcn and
Metrepolitan, and orders received for Insurai e
• . upon fcivore! fe terms.
R.C. SMITH, Agent
Wilkes-Baire . !'.
11.8. U KEAN. Agent, ior the above ('■:
a ait a v\ala-u, 1-.
HOMER CAMP, Agent, Camptown. Pa.
i Sept. 4,'65.
TDIRE, LIFE, AND ACCIDENTA!.
r INSURANCE.
CAPITAL EEPREaENTKD 07 LP
, :<£VEKTEEX MILUOX hOU.AHs
e o. ?. RUSSELL, Agent,
d 1
i u THE FOLLOWING NAMED RELIABLE COMPANY- :
G : auu Fise A MARINE INSI kasce I
COMPANY Philadelphia, j
Capital and surplus over $3lO.UiO
( HOME f-.'suEANCE Company, I
Of -Vein- York. f
• 1 (Capital and surplus, over $3,750,000
' INSCKANCK CoMEA.NY OK NoRTU I
S Amh.IICA, Philadelphia. \
e Capital and aurplus, over $1,700,6' j
MANHATTAN INSCKANCE COMPANY, f
Of ixc- York. f
Capi'al and sarnies, over $900,000
ENTEKPRISE l-NSI .IANCE COMPANY, I
Of Philadelphia. j
Capita! and surplus, over CISO/o-i
ABTIC INSURANCE COMPANY, i I
[ Of yew- York. )
( Capital and surplus, over.... s7'>o/iOO
PCTNAM INSURANCE COMPANY, I
Of Hartford, Conn, j
Capital and surplns. over $704 coo
MCTCAL LIFE Insckance COMPANY, i
Of jYeie-York. (
Capita! and surplus,over $-.090 i uit
Tbaveli.EKS INSCKANCE COMPANY, I
Of Hartford, Conn. (
, Capital and surplus, over $600,000
! Riki tukm on all kinds of Property, at as
low r.itesas by anj other reliable Companies.
A3" Policies issued and Losses, it any, ad
justed at this '.gee y,thereby saving the trouble
and expense oi go ag elsewbere'for settlement.
3" Office :.t the Huidwhere Store ot Co.!
ding 4 Boast 11 C.S. RUSSEI.I,
Towanda. hV>. 7, 1666.--tf
)|IHE INSURANCE COMPANY
1 OF NORTH AMERICA.
Office No. 242 Walnut Street, Philadelphia
This Company are now prosecuting the hu .
ncss of insurance from i.jss or damage by FIRE
on Buildings, Merchandise, Furniture, 4c..
throughout the State ol Pennsylvania, on liber
al tcims.tor loug or short periods; or permanent
ly of Buildings, bv a deposit of Premium.
The prompt payment o; ciaims for losses dr.r
ing th- period c: nearly 70 years that the Com
pany has been in existence, entitles them tc the
1 confidence of the public.
DIRECTORS —Arthur G. Coffin, Samuel W.
Jones, John A Brown, Charles Taylor, Ambrose
White, Jno. R. Neff, Rh'hard D. Wood. Wm.
Welsh, Wni.E. Bowen, James N. Dickson, S.
Morris Wain, John M.i- on. Geo. L. Harrisor
F'rancis 11. Cope, Eduard H. T otter, Edward S
Clarke, Wm. Oummings.
AkthikG. COFFIN, Pres'nt.
C. S. RUSSELL. Agent. Towanda.
L ARMER'S MUTUAL FIRE I\S5
L RANCE COMPANY
'F MIDDLE PENNSYLVANIA,
Offi.- in D.invi'iie. "• itonr County,' Penn'a
Capita' $3j7,'.-otl '■>
The I-'urmera Mutual Fire Insurance Comp;.-
oi Middle Pennsylvania was incorporated by 11 <
Pennsylvania Legislature, in the year IM9, h
the Mutual Insurance of Conntry property onh
and immediately theiealter commenced its opeV
at ions on th it principle, which has beta strict
ly adhered to stfice.
All losses have been promptly paid out oi t' e
Piviiii ituS collected on a; plication lor iusuiu;
without making any icssessinents.
The Insurance o! Country proper.y only, the
low rates charged lor Insurance, and the prompt
payim :.t ot losses arc deemed a sufficient recom
mendation of the Fi rmc Mutual Fire two.
ance Company of Middle Penns.Jvunia, to
owners i i sa 5 . lass country property.
I'. JOHNSON, Se 'y. WM. Fclmeb, Pre t
C. M. M ANVILLE.
March 5, '66. Agent, Towanda, Pa.
Q.ROCERIES AND PROVISIONS
WHOLE.- '.I.E AND RETAIL,
JOHN MEJII 1) E T 11,
Main st., first d..ur s- h of Fail Road llonse
Towanda, has just received large addition to
his stock ot
GROCERIES AND PROVISIONS
Which will be sold at wholesale and retail, at
the very lowest rates.
RYE FLOUR, WHEAT FLOI'LL
KEROSENE OH..
At Wholesale.
Farmer's Produce oi all kinds, bought and sold-
The public attention is icspecttully invil
eJ to my stock which will be fonnu to be
Fresh. > ought a: !w prices and will lie sold at
corresponding iy lew iats.
Towaud i, July 17, ISO 6.
MISCELLANEOUS ROOKS A'l
ill < ,t, at tlu- NEWS ROOM.
TEAS, of very line quality, by Hit
chest, or at retail, bought before the ream
I advance, and tor sale heap at FOX'S.