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We may say. dear Father, judge us As we judged our l'ellow men. Xefrro Suffrage in the Distiict of Columbia. Speech of Hon. George London, Delivered in the Senate of Pennsylvania. JANUARY 31, 1*66 CONCLUDED FROM I.AST WEEK. Mr. LAN'DON. I thank the Senate. This the point that 1 wish to make—that when . .;i were pressed by circumstances, you rtiisetl to these people that if they would - i -with yon, that you would recognize .He! maintain their liberty. Will you do it? Once inure, sr. We hope to see the - nth regenerated. We desire to see a i.gige of things in the southern half of mis country. It never has been developed i- it should have been. It never has been in the condition that it ought to have been. W. hope to see it ploughed, subsoiled and planted with new seed—with good seed — '• itii seed that shall bring forth an abun lant harvest of joy and human greatness. We want to see the south developed in :• ectually There is a great sea of mind there to be cultivated. We wish to see it developed physically. The South has the garden of the land. As the devil always gets the best tunes so the South has got the best acres What is this garden spot now in com parison with New England ? * Die institutions of the South—their sys tem of labor was like a simoon upon the tace of the land, withering aud blighting. Now we hope to see a different state of thing-'. We hope to see the Soutli devel oped intellectually, physically and morally. e trust the time may come when this MlUtll era half of our great country shall nd and blossom as the rose. Whois to work this change ? Who is to "id-v :1 the land? Who is to constitute an tap it ant part of the element of improve ment and production? These four rnil "us of freedmen now in the South. And > 'U would have them successfully de temp the country by the sweat of their : w and the toil of their hands, they must I'ttisdves be developed* In direct proportion as you develop the tborer you develop the country. Every ; nan knows that with serfs as laborers a "igh development of the country is imposs h- In proportion as you elevate the la ter ymi pave the way for the elevation • the whole community. There are four 0.!!;.n;s of froedrnen in the Southern States; ' 'ey ate needed there to do the work. It - a!! perfectly idle to talk about driving ■ : 'n into Central America or elsewhere. the first place, you could not do it if > at would, and in the second, you should til you could. They are in the land and I( .v are to do the work. You are to ele- r at< them, improve them. You are to say " tii" missionary, "Go there aud go to r ik, and to the school teacher, "Go there J '• go to teaching." There are already any teachers there and many of the treed* : '" n are in schools. Yea, seventy thous colored children are now learning ru "Hental wisdom. You cannot develop the !!) d unless you develop the developers. 1 51 must bring them up. You cannot :u, k" water rise higher than the fountain. 1 s We have had trouble enough. We :' v " had war ever since I can remember. " have had battles in Congress and out ' "tigress. Then came the bloody battle ,v: ended, and now comes the battle of w again. I had thought when the bap 'ftft "I blood was upon us, that the four " :l r* war would settle the conflict, but I that the same old contest is again upon " and if we do not take the right path • jW . it may be necessary to light it all Vl again with shot and shell. -low will you Pave peace in the South ? ' ,r b are four millions of colored people, disenthralled and emancipated, and as many millions of whites. The col people have snuffed the breath of lib mmie have fought in your battles, •ic have begun to read, some have read 1 Fpeeches of Patrick Henry- —they have "ght to take the Tribune, and they do. T -' lliVe their minds have expan ftieir impulse toward liberty and the 13. O. GOODRICH, Publisher. VOLUME XXVI. privileges of liberty are becoming stronger every hour. 11 you leave it to the whites to legislate for these people they will pass their black codes ; they will appoint overseers to bind out the colored children to whites when ever they see fit. They will ordain that no colored man shall go out of the country without a pass, or come back without a pass from some white man. They will dic tate to them what they shall do and what they shall not do--measure out to them the opportunities of life. Here are these two antagonisms of life running on side by side, the colored man learning more and more, as his mind expands, of the rights that be long to him as a man ; the winte man, on the other hand, abridging his privileges by unfriendly legislation ; and we know that by and by these two antagonisms must come into collision. It will come, infallibly jas fate. The colored man will begin to feel that he that would be free must himself strike the blow, and he may strike it, and then will come the war of races in the Southern States ; then will it be the black against the white and the white against the black. Each clutching at the throat of the other, there will come a renewal of the fierce scenes ol St. Domingo, fires upon the hills and blood in the vales. This will be 1 called a negro insurrection, and the Gov ernment will be summoned to the pleasant task of suppressing it. You will be called upon to butcher ofi those to whom you appealed in your hour of danger, and who helped you fight your bat- I ties of deliverance. If you leave the freedmen in the hands of the South you may look for collision, but if you deal with them yourselves, teaching them what they may do and what they ntay not do, you may have peace. Say to the colored man, these are your rights and you shall have them ; say to the whites, these are your duties and you shall perform them. Administer to the former large doses of Lincoln's Proclamation, to the latter equal doses of the well known "Ben Butler Pana cea," and speedily will peace and prosper ity be established upon every square acre of rebel soil. Yet further, I have read .Milton's Para dise Lost, and so have you. Milton had genius enough to describe the guilt and dereliction ol the rebel angels who conjured up an insurrection in Heaven. But Milton had not got genius enough to portray the guilt of tiiose Southern men that stimula ted rebellion against this Government.— Milton never rose to the height of that great argument. I consider their guilt un equalled by anything in the long history of time. How do you treat those men after you have driven them to the last ditch and wrenched the bayonet from their hands ? How do you treat those men now ? They are voting again, electing members to Con gress, talking about their rights, holding conventions, and the very leaders claiming seats in the halls of legislation. Robert E. Lee, a guiding genius of the whole thing—the leading spirit—Robert E. Lee, is now the educator of American youth and advertises in the papers that he is now prepared to receive donations. Lee and his men were here at Gettysburg ; they were the men who threatened this capital at a time when the hearts of the citizens of Harrisburg throbbed with anxiety, for they expected the next gale would bring to their ears the echoes of his cannon. Lee went through the rebellion, and when he could go no further made a bow, turnedaround,gave up bis sword and became the tutor of Vir ginia chivalry. Here are all these rebals. What will you do with them ? Will you, knowing their efforts to destroy the Government, take them to your heart again ? My argument is, that you should treat those who were your friends when you needed friends, as well as you treat those who were your enemies aud clutched at the throat of the Government. You ought to treat Robert Small as well as you do Robert E. Lee. Robert Small, once a slave, took the vessel in which he was pilot, aud clandestinely run it by the rebel batteries and brought himself, vessel and all, into our lines, and as he came un der the old banner surrendered the vessel up with all on board. Where is he to day ? When- is Robert E. Lee? 1 submit to you, sir. cool}', calmly, not for declamation's sake—for it is not a sub ject for declamation—l submit to the Sen ate of Pennsylvania, I submit to the people of the whole country, 1 submit it to all Christendom, sir, that you ought to treat the Southern loyal colored man as well as you treat the Southern white rebel who is stained with blood from head to heel. If there is any argument on that, I am pre pared to hear it. Whoever says nay, let him speak. There is a man—the Senator from Indi ana (Mr. WHITE) —who was put in a dun geon in Libby Prison and laid there long days and weary nights, who has told you how he burrowed his way from the prison and how the colored loyal friends of the South met him at midnight, gave him their food and carried him forty miles bundled up in a load of straw. Then tho whites captured him again, thrust liitn in a dun geon, thrust a candle in his face and said, "You damned Yankee, you didn't succeed, did you?" Those men who hunted him down with blood hounds, the sears of whose teeth ate yet upon his limbs, are voteis to-day— where are the colored men that watched with him, and fed hint and protected him ? Our soldiers were starved to death and endured greater tortures than were ever inflicted by the aboriginal Indians ; sixty thousand of our brave boys were starved in Southern prisons. Where are the men who ministered to tlicin in their prisons? Will you protect them and treat them as well as you do your enemies ? I wish the Senate of Pennsylvania to settle that point. 1 do not desire to weary you, sir, and I shall pass over much that might be said. The great law of the age is progress. We have acquired the growth of half a century in the past five years, and we shall see things five years from now, I trust, proportionately advanced from where they are at present. Must we place ourselves in the rear of those who keep pace with the progress in the five years to come ! Keep up with the law of advancement. Those who will not must calculate to be thrust aside as the great river of events sweeps onward. We must either go with the current or lie on the bank The great law of the Divine Government is the elevation of humanity. I wish I had time to enlarge upon the grand law of the God you honor and the God you serve. He seeks the elevation of His poor children in this world ; He would have the ignorant taught ; He would have the erring re claimed ; He would have those in darkness illuminated ; He would have the miserable made happy ; He would have the degraded elevated ; He would have blessing and sun shine poured upon the injured and sorrow ing—"appointing to them beauty for ashes, the oil ot joy for mourning and the garment of praise for the spirit of heaviness.'' Shall not we be His co-workers in this age of struggle between right and wrong —good and evil ? Here are millions of persons, our wards, we their guardians, who are to be trained for the duties and hopes of mankind. Power is with us, de pendence with them. They turn their eyes to this Government, as does the child to the mother—if the mother frowns, hope dies. Six weeks ago I stepped into a store,and as I passed up midway of the room, 1 saw a colored mau manifestly upon my track. He followed me in—was very respectably dressed—he made up to tne and took me by the hand, and what think you he said ? He put his lips to my ear and whispered, " Do all yon can for us." I know not how others might have lelt, but, sir, that choking whisper rung through my soul like the cry of a sinking spiwt ap pealing for help. Countless multitudes of such to-day are looking up to ns and the legislative halls of the country and saying, "As God's great law is the elevation of hu manity, we pray you let us enjoy it." If moral arguments have no power over us, then let us be swayed towards justice by financial considerations. This Govern ment must fortify itself against the mach inations of the South. No Southern mem ber should take a seat in Congress, no rebel State be received into full fellowship until the monetary interests of the land are fully and irreversibly secured. Better allow every negro to vote for your coEntry —better hold the rebel States in military subjection for fifty years than have repudiation with its consequences. I give you notice to-day, sir, that you have a battle on hand with the South. Their uature is unchanged by their defeat. The war has emancipated their slaves. They have lost thereby two thousand mil lions of dollars. They who were rich be fore the war are paupers now in conse quence of emancipation. They have three thousand millions in bonds, and every man that goes up to Congress—and they are there now asking lor seats—probably has a bond in his pocket or *at home. And when they get seats in Congress it will be no more than human nature for the man that lias a bond for fifty thousand dollars that is now not worth a picayune, to try to make it of some value. English capitalists also hold these rebel bonds and il will be to their interest to co-operate with the South to secure the recognition of the rebel debt. What hive the Southern people written about in their newspapers and talked of in their conversations? About indemnities for the losses of war—about remuneration for emancipated slaves ; and before five years have rolled over your heads, all these questions will have to be discussed and settled in your National Congress. You must decide whether they shall be paid for slaves declared free, and whether the Southern bonds shall be assumed by this Government. If they get the power they will tell you that if you don't assume the Southern debt they will repudiate yours ; that if you tax them for 30111- dues, you shall be taxed for theirs ; that if you pen sion your wounded soldiers you must pen sion theirs When they get sixty members in the House of Representatives, and twen ty-two in the Senate, and Heaven only knows how many S3*mpathizers from the North, then will cornc the tug of war, "Greek meeting Greek." You must guard against this in advauce. You must now provide that 110 emancipated slave shall be paid for from the exchequer of the Govern ment. You must make it as unchangeable as adamant that not a dollar expended for the destruction of the Government shall ever he refunded by the Government. It was hard to have our hearts gashed ; it would be even harder to pay for the dag ger with which il was doue. The fittest opportunity for determining these funda mental questions, it is to be feared, has been allowed to pass by. Issues easil3* de clared and quietly acknowledged six months ago, would be fiercely contested now. If the events of the hour do not indicate that the great principles upou which our victor ies were won are fast falling into abeyance, then what do tlmy indicate ? The most pitiable spectacle of all bistor}' would be this Government again in the hands of those who sought its destruction. Congress is right. In them centre our hopes. Let the people stand firm as the hills, and posterity shall }'et reap the fruits of our sorrows and sacrifices. There is a class of men in this country who were originally educated at West Point —young sprigs—aspiring youth. — They were educated at the expense of the Government. Our great common mother, the country, took them in their arms, held them to her breast and nursed them until they grew into manhood, and trained them for positions of honor and power. When they became men they swore fealty to their mother and allegiance to their commands. In process of time they became matricides and 6tabbed that mother to the heart. Thus educated at the country's expense, thus sworn to defend that country, they at length abandoned it and made war against it. There is another class, with John C'. Breckinridge at their head. They entered tie halls of the National Legislature—they swore to defend the constitution and the country. In due time they incubated trea son and bowed themselves out of the halls of Congress with a leer that made the very walls turn pale. There is yet another class, judges and public officials, all sworn to fealty, who per jured themselves by entering zealously in to the schemes of treason, and stimulating the masses to blood and violence. These leaders, if not sent on foreign missions from the rope's end, should long since have been driven from the country with the death penalty hanging over them if they ever re turned. Their presence poisons the atmos- REGARDLESS OF DENUNCIATION FROM ANT QUARTER. TOWANDA, BRADFORD COUNTY, PA., APRIL 5, 1860. phere of liberty. Their shadow is a dis grace upon soil drenched with blood by their own villainy. Their intercourse with the masses stimu lates feverish excitement and fosters latent hostility to the country. But for their presence the multitude would speedily be come quiet and acquiescing. The Govern ment owes something to its defied author ity-something to its outraged dignity— something to its slaughtered supporters. Any Government that would have the ar dent support of friends, must make itself a terror to sworn enemies. While 1 would treat the leaders of the rebellion in this way, I would say to the rank and file, you have been deceived, you have erred, you have sowed lies and gathered sheaves of thorns into your own pierced hearts. Let tl.e past teach you a lesson never to be for gotten ; "Go, sin no more and when you give sufficient evidence of restored reason and loyalty, you shall enjoy again the blessings of citizenship, but until then you are put upou your good behavior. I would admit to places of power and trust Union men aud no others. And by the God of the country, by everything that makes a nation good, I would not allow a man reeking with blood of our soldiers who fell at Gettysburg, and on a thousand other fields, to enter the courts of national legis lation. Ido not want, such men as Breck in *idge to paBS laws for my government or the government of my children. And if I had the power, no mau who went freely and cheerfully into this rebellion, should ever hold a place ofliouor or profit in the coun try. I would say to them, you have had your day ; we will not hang you, but go into retirement aud think over your mis deeds. Get through life the best way you can, and when you die, be buried without a tombstone, aud give your account to the Great Judge in the best language you eau. We have uo use for such as you. Having done these three things, I would do a fourth. I would enfranchise three classes of col ored men. I would enfranchise them in the District of Columbia to begin with, as our Congress men now propose to do. Then I would call the roll of the two hundred thousand men who fought and bled and starved in this war. 1 would say to the men who carried the musket, in the language of Jefferson, "The ballot follows the bullet"—you are voters. Then I would gather up all that could read the Constitution, and as they read it gather some idea of the genius of our Government, and to them I would say you too are voters. Then I would gather up those who pay taxes into the Govern ment exchequer, and I would say to them, our fathers, in 1776, fought the Revolution upon this principle, that where there is tax ation there should be representation, and as we tax you, you are entitled to repre sentation ; go and vote. These three classes I would enfranchise. I would encourage others to become rea ders aud land holders as fast as possible, until by and by I would stretch over the whole of them the privileges guaranteed by the constitution of our country. It may be said to me, it is not policy to enfranchise the colored people in the Dis trict of Columbia or elsewhere. I am sorry there are men upon this Senate floor to-day who will say that. lam sorry that upon this last day of January, 1806, there are men here who are afraid to vote that the Congressmen of Pennsylvania did right when they declared the enfranchisement of the colored people of the District of Colum utnbia. I have only to say you had better follow truth and not policy. You had better go for right and not for delusive expediency. Our Government has been engineered upon the principle of policy for the last fifty 3'ears, and it came near running it to hell —it plunged it into a fratricial war, which is next door to perdition. Now, that the old ship of State has changed hear bear ings from Guinea to the port of universal liberty, throw away the misguided map of policy, and let us sail by the compass of justice and truth—let us dare to be men— men worth}' of the age and the country. Talk about policy ! You are afraid the people will not sustain yon ! Trust to Heaven—trust to the noble, humane im pulses of the great public heart. Be hon est. Determine to be right, aud the people will stand by you and sustain you. In the District ol Columbia there are fourteen thousand colored people. For every soldier furnished by the white peo ple of the District, the colored people fur nished four, and the colored men volunteer ed, while the white men did not go until they were drafted. The colored people are all loyal, while nine-tenths or thereabouts of the white people are to-day rebels at heart, and returned rebel soldiers. These colored people pay a tax on one and a half millions of dollars to the District. They pay a school tax, but the white people take the tax to educate their own children and ex clude the colored people from the schools They sustain twenty churches- -have twen ty-one common schools sustained from pri vate means—and twenty-three Sunday schools. Will you a'low them to vote ? At the formation of our Government free colored men voted in all States save South Carolina. We have followed tin behests of slavery and forsaken the pre cepts of the fathers ; let us now yield to the teachings of restored freedom and come back to their example. We have declared the colored man free everywhere ar.d pledg ed ourselves to maintain that freedom. 1 submit that without the ballot his freedom is not full, complete ; 'tis but an abridge ment. Apply it to ourselves—declared citizens but denied suffrage, we are semi serfs and groan under the galling fact. Do you ask me why not allow them to vote in Penn sylvania ? My reply is this : Pennsyl vania never rebelled and needs no recon struction. We are speaking of colored suf frage in the rebel States. The Constitu tion of this Commonwealth determines the matter here. That instrument cannot be again amended till four years hence, and then only by the vote of the people. When they are ready for the change it will be made. The General Government has no control over the question here, as we most earuesf ly contend it has in the rebel States.— Would you elevate the colored man there? Give him the ballot. This will inspire him with self respect and challenge the regard lof others. It will be in his hand the mag na charta of confessed manhood. Would ' you checkmate scheming enemies ? Give i him the ballot, he will ever cast it for the j country and her interests. If the master | could not control him against the country ! when a slave, much less can he control him being free and armed with a vote. His 1 impulses are right—his yearnings patriotic —his whole heart with freedom, and these ! will dictate tickets and candidates.— j Would you establish peace in the South ? j Would you prevent a war of races ? Rc ; member Southern whites—rebels—have made you all your troubles by their deter mination to chain down the negro. Give him the ballot and henceforward all such attempts are futile, and peace lollows natu rally, since the desire for the colored man's vote will prompts corresponding regard for the mau himself. Will you regenerate the South intellec tually, morally, politically, physically ? Then must you destroy the power of caste. Give the colored man the ballot ; he, the poor white man and white Unionits having common interests will conto into natural alliance constituting a majority, voting down the oligarch, ex-slaveholder and arch traitor. The colored people of New Or leans pay taxes this day on fifteen millions of property, and by the very laws of nature they will be constrained to vote for the Unionist and against the man who has bought and sold, and chained and lashed j them. Beautiful were the words of Presi j dent Lincoln to Louisiana, touching the j matter of reconstruction, when he said : "In defining the franchise, some of the col | cwed people might be let in. Theg icon Id ] probably help in some trying time to come, to j keep thejeicelof libortg in lie family of free• ! dom." While this is the white man's Govern ment—his to enjoy, defend and perpetuate, it belongs equally to all others who seek its protection and covet its blessings. America is the asylum of the world, this Government the inheritance of humanity. Check no* its progress. Stay not its de velopment. Forbid not the flow ol its benefactions. Let the fires of the past war leave us purged of all dross. Engrave upon every pillar of this great temple, in letters of liv ing light, LIBERTY, JUSTICE, MANHOOD. Such, sir, is a brief outline of some ol my convictions upon these matters. While thanking you for your protracted attention, of one thing further be reminded. You and I have often looked at the his tory of Lincoln ; we have read his life and been pleased with the many wonderful and sublime things in that great man's career. There is one point in his history that al ways struck me as being more sublime than any other in his whole lfe or death. What was it ? Was it when, standing on the steps of the Capitol, he delivered his first inaugural ? No, sir. Was it when, after having been elected by an overwhelm ing majority, he delivered his second in augural ? No, sir. The most sublime scene in Lincoln's his tory was this : After his assassination, he was robed in his winding sheet aud lay in state while thousands and tens of thous ands passed along taking a last, sad look at his cold marble features. In that dark cavalcade that came in at at one doorway past the bier, went out at the other, there came one day an aged colored woman, wrinkled with years and bent with the bur den of life, leading by the hand her little grand-daughter. They passed along with the crowd until they came to the resting place of the murdered President, aud then she burst iuto tears. Pausing rather too long, the guard said "pass ou." She took her grand-child and held it up so that she could see the face of the martyred man, and as the tears followed the channel of years in her face, she said : "It does'nt make much difference to me ; I am most through ; but 1 wanted this child to see the face of the man that made her free." Were I a limner, seeking to paint that man in his highest glory, 1 would paint him lying there, a martyr for freedom, and that representative ol the four millions lie had freed bending over hiut and holding her child that she might look upon his face. 1 say to yon, sir, that when you and I shall turn our chilled ear for the last time to catch the dying, receding echoes of earth, happy shall we be if we can be greeted with the blessings of those whom we have helped to save when ready to perish. And when we are gone to our last resting place to sleep the long sleep, thrice honored shall we be if the educated, cultivated and im proved sons and daughters of those now crushed and degraded shall visit our sepul chres and say of us, "these were our friends, our defenders and our elevators." The SPEAKER then adjourned the Sen ate until three o'clock this afternoon. A SECRET. —William W irt's letter to his daughter 011 the "small, sweet courtesies of life" contains a passage from which a deal of happiness might be learned "I want to tell you a secret. The way to make yourself pleasing to others is to show them attention. The whole world is like the mil ler at Mansfield, "who cared for nobody, no not be, because nobody cared fcr liini."— And the whole world would serve you so,if you gave them the same cause. Let every one, therefore,see that you do care for them, by showing them what Sterne so happily called the small courtesies, in which there is no parade,whose voice is too still to tease, and which manifest themselves by tender and affectionate looks, aud little acts of at tention, giving others the preference in ev ery little enjoyment,at the table,in the field, walking, sitting and standing." Beaut i Et i. Simile. —The pious Jonathan Edwards describes a Christian as being like "such a little flower as we see in the spring of the year, low and humble on the ground, op< uing its bosom to receive the pleasant beams of the sun's glory, re joicing, as it were, in a calm of rapture,dif fusing around a sweet fragrance, standing gracefully and lowly in the midst of other flowers." The world may think nothing of the little flower ; they may not even notice it : but, nevertheless, it will be diffusing arotinn sweet fragrance upon all who dwell within its lowly shore. "Act considerately," it is the practical version of "Know Thyself." •' 1 AM glad this coffee don't owe me any thing," said a book-keeper to his wife the other morning at breakfast. "Why ?" was the response. ••Because I don't believe it would ever settle." $(3 pev Annum, in Advance. C THE CHOLERA. HOW TO PREPARE FOR ITS APPROACH. Dr. Hamlin, for many years a missionary j of the American Board at Constantinople, i has furnished to the Christian Mirror an ! account of his very successful treatment of I the cholera in that city. His practice has ! extended through three visitations of this j dreaded disease, in 1848, 1855, and 1865. ] The suggestions are so simple that we pub i lisb them, in the hope that tney will do good, if the cholerashould visit and become | prevalent in the United States, j DEAR SIR : The cholera, which lias just left us after committing learful ravages, is j making its way into Europe, and will prob | ably cross the Atlantic before another sum i rner has passed. Having been providentially compelled t > have a good degree of physical acquain tance with it, and to see it in all its forms and stages during each of its invasions of i Constantinople, I wish to make to my friends in Maine some suggestions which may re i lieve anxiety or be of practical use. Ist. On the approach of cholera every ! family should be prepared to treat it with ! out waiting for a physician. It does its work so expeditiously that, while you are j waiting for the doctor, it is done. 2. ii' you prepare for it, it will not come. ! 1 think there is no disease which may be i avoided with so much certainty as the eliol i era. But Providential circumstances, or i the thoughtless indiscretions of some mem i ber of a household, may invite the attack, j and the challenge will never be refused.— j It will probably be made in the night, your i physician has been called in another direet ; ion, arid you must treat the case yourself ! or it prove fatal. CAERE AND SYMITOM-. 3. Causes of attael. — 1 have personally 1 investigated at least a hundred cases, and 1 not less than three-fourths could be traced ! directly to improper diet, or intoxicating : drinks, or both united. Of the remainder, suppressed perspiration would comprise a ! large number. A strong, healthy, temper ' ate laboring man bad a severe attack of cholera, and after the danger had passed 1 I was curious to ascertain the cause. He had been cautious and prudent in bis diet. He used nothing intoxicating. His rcsi i deuce was in a good locality. But after some hours of hard labor and very profuse , perspiration lie had lain down to take his | customary nap right against an open win dow through which a eery refreshing breeze was blowing. Another cause is drinking i largely of cold water when hot and thirsty. 1 Great fatigue, great anxiety, fright, fear, all figure among inciting causes. If one • can avoid all these, he is as safe from the j cholera as from being swept away by a ! comet. 4. Symptom* at an attack. —While ehol- ; era is prevalent in a place almost every one experiences more or less disturbance of digestion. It is doubtless in part imagin- j ary. Every one notices the slightest vari ation of feeling, and this gives an impor tance to mere trilles. There are often a slight nausea, or transient pains, or rumb ling sounds, when no attar!,- follow*. No one is entirely free from these. Rut when diarrhoea commences, though painless and slight, it is in reality the skirmishing party i of the advancing column, it will have at > lirst no single character ol Asiatic cholera. But do not tie deceived. It is the. cholera nevertheless. Wait a little, give it time to get hold, say to yourself, "I feel perfectly well, it will soon pass oil':"' and in a short time you will repent of your folly in vain. : I have seen many a one commit suicide in this way. Sometimes, though rarely, the attack commences with vomiting. But in what ever way it commences, it is sure to hold on. In a very few hours the patient may sink into the collapse. The hands and feet be come cold and purplish, the countenance, at first nervous and anxious, becomes gloomy and pathetic, although a mental restless ness and raging thirst torment the sufferer while the powers of life are ebbing. The intellect remains clear, but all the social , and mora! feelings seem wonderfully to collapse with the physical powers. The pa tient knows lie is to die, hut cares not a snap about it. In some cases, though rarely, the diarr hoea continues for a day or two, and the , foolish person keeps about, then suddenly sinks, sends for the physician, and before he arrives "dies as the fool dieth." COURSE OK TREATMENT. 1. For Stopping the Incipient Diarrhea.— ; The mixture which 1 used in 1848 with great success, and again in 1855, has du ring the epidemic been used by thousands, ; and although the attacks have been more | sudden and violent, it has fully established its reputation for efficiency and perfect safe-} ty It consists of equal parts by measure, of one laudanum and spirits of camphor, two tincture of rhubarb. Thirty drops for | adult, on a lump of sugar, will often check the diarrhiea. But t- prevent its return | care should always be taken to continue the mod cine every four hours in diminish-1 ing doses ; twenty-live, twenty, fifteen, ten, nine, when careful diet is all that will be needed. In case the first does not stay the diar- j | lnea, continue to give in increase closes— thirty-five, forty-five, sixty—at every move-1 ment of the bowels. Large doses will pro-} duce no injur}' while the diarahma lasts.— ! When that is checked then is the time for caution. I have never seen a case of diar- : ! rhtea taken in season which was not thus j I controlled, but some cases of advanced di- ! ! arrha?a, and especially of relapse, paid no 1 heed to it whatever. As soon as this be comes apparent I have alwas resorted to this course : Prepare a teacup of starch boiled as for use in starching linen, and stir into it a full teaspoonful of laudanum for an injection. Give one-third at each j movement of the bowels. In one desperate ; case, abandoned as hopeh ss by a pliysi ' cian, I could not stop the diarrluea until : the seventh injection, which contained near i ly a teaspooniull of laudanum. The patient i recovered, and is in perfect health. At the j same time I use prepared chalk in ten-grain i doses, with a few drops of laudanum and ! camphor to each. But whatever course is pursued, it must be followed up or the pa ' tient is lost. 2. Mu-tard Poultices. —These should be applied to the pit of the stomach, and kept on till the surface is well reddened. 3 The patient, however well he may feel, should rightly observe perfect rest To lie j quietly on the back in one half of the bat tle. In that position the enemy fires over you, but the moment you rise you are hit. When attack comes in the form of a diar rhea the directions will enable every one to meet it successfully. 4. But when the attack is mor§ violent, and there is vomiting, or vomiting purging, perhaps also cramps and colic paius, the following mixture is far more effective, and should always be resorted to. The mis sionaries—Messrs. Bong, Trowbridge and Washburn-—have used it in very many ca ses and with wonderful success. It con sists of equal parts of laudanum, tincture of capsicum, tincture of ginger, and, tinct ure of cardarnon seeds. Dose, thirty to for ty drops, or half a teasponfull in a little wa ter, and to be increased according to the urgency of ihe case. In case the first dose should be ejected, the second, which should stand ready, should be given immediately after the spasm of vomiting has ceased. During this late cholera siege no one of us failed of controlling the vomiting as also the purging by, at most, the third dose. We have, however, invariably made use of large mustard poultices of strong pure mustard, applied to the stomach, bowels, calves of the legs,feet,Ac.,as the case seem to require. TREATMENT OF COU.AI'SK. Collapse. —This is simply a more advan ced stage of the disease. It indicates the gradual failing of all the powers of life. It is difficult to say when a case has become hopeless. At a certain point the body of the patient begins to emit a peculiar odor, which I call the death odor, lor when that has become decided and unmistakable, I have never known the patient to recover I have repeatedly worked upon such cases for hours with no permanent result. But the blue color, the cold extremities, the deeply sunken eye, the vanishing pulse,are no signs that the case is hopeless. Scores of such cases in the recent epidemic have recovered In addition to the second mix ture, brandy (a tablespoonful every half hour,) bottles of hot water surrounding the patient,especially the extremites, sinapisms and friction, will often in an hour or two work wonders. 'Thirst— In these, and in all advanced cases thirst, *-• i.< euflVrer craves for water, and as sure as he gratifies the crav ing the worst symptoms return, and he falls a victim to the transient gratification. The only safe way is to have a faithful friend or attendant who will not heed his entreaties. The suffering may be, however, safely aileviated and rendered endurable. Frequent gargling the throat and washing , out the mouth will bring some relief. A ' spoonful of gum arabic water or of carno mile tea may frequently be given to wet the throat. Lyndenham's White Decoction may also be given, both as a beverage and nourishment, in c-niall quantities, frequent ly. In a day or two the suffering from thirst will cease. In a large majority of cases it has not been intense for more than . twenty-four hours. Did. —Rice water, arrowroot, Lynden ham's White Decoction, crust water, cam ! omile tea, are the best articles for a day u two after the attack is controlled. U'amo ruile is very valuable in restoring the tone 1 of the stomach. The Typhou! I'l'ii •/'. —A typhoid state i for a few days will follow all severe cases. There is nothing alarming in this. It has ! very rarely proved fatal. Patience and , careful nursing will bring it all right. The greatest danger is from drinking too freely When the patient seemed t j be sinking, u little brandy ami water or arrowroot and brandy have revived him. In this terrible visitation of the cholera, we have consid t ered ourselves perfectly armed and equip ped, with a hand-bag containing mixture \"o. 1, mixture \o. 2, (for vomiting, &c., * a few pounded must rd, a bottle of brandy, a paper of comomile (lowers, and a paper of gum Arabic. I lay no claim to originality in commend , ing this course of treatment. I have adopt jed it front suggestions of able and experi enced physicians. Having been the on!\ doctor of many poor families living neat tne, 1 have tried various remedies recom mended by physicians. But 1 have found none to be at all compared with the above. During the recent cholera I cannot find that any treatment has been so successful ; as this. Contagion- The idea of contagion should be abandoned. All the missionaries who have been most with the most malignant cases day after dav, are fully convinced of the mui-contagiousuess of the cholera. The incipient attacks which all have suffered from, are to be attributed to great fatigue, making the constitution liable to an at tack IIAMLIN. L)U You WORK FOR A LIVING? —A young ' inau commenced visiting a young woman, and appeared to be well pleased. One evening lie called when it was quite late, which led the girl to inquire where he had been. " 1 had to work to night," he replied. " Do you work for a living ?" inquired the astonished girl. " Certainly , 1 am a mechanic." " My brother doesn't work, and 1 dislike the name of mechanic," and she turned up her pretty nose. That was the last time the mechanievis itcd the vour.g woman. He is now a wealthy man, and has one of the best wo men for his wife. The young lady whodis- I liked the name of mechanic, is now the wife of a miserable fool, a regular vagrant about grog-shops, and she, poor miserable girl, is obliged to take in washing in ordci j to support herself and children. IDENTITY.—"If 1 lose the blade of uiy j knife," asked a college student of the Pro | lessor of Logic, "and get a new blade put into it, is it still the same knife ?" "Cer tainly," replied the Professor. "It 1 then lose the handle," queried the student, "and get a new one fitted to the blade, is it still the same knife?" Unquestionably," replied the Professor, "the same knife." "If some body finds the old blade and old handle," J continued the student, "and puts them to gether, what knife is that?" "That ques i tion is irrelevant to a discussion as to the identity of the knife under consideration; it is introducing a side issue, a course to i be avoided in logic." A LETTER was mailed in one of our post ! offices the other day that had no postage-stamp upon it, but iu place ot the stamp had the follow , ing written on one corner of the envelope : "Mr. Postmaster, don't charge no postage on this : the i stamp wouldn't stirk. so I tore the thing up. Win did Adam when alone find the day very long ? Because it was always morning with out Eve. • " H ALLOA, Bridget ! what o'clock is t, nud where's the chicken-pie?" "It's eight, air.' "CAN you see anything in my eye—it ' feels very sore ?" asked a lazy, good-for-nothing ; student of Oliver Wendell Holmes. "I can see a very bad pupil," was the reply ot the Professor, who never likes to be fnnnv when he has his professional garments on. AN exchange gives reasons for not pub lishing a poetic effusion as follows : ''The rhythm I sounds like pumpkins rolling over a barn floor, while some lines appear to have been measured i with a yard-Stick, and the others with a tea-toot j pole." NUMBER 45.