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MESSAGK OF
ANDREW G. CDRTIN
GOVERNOR OF rE.VNSYJ.VANU.
To Ihe Legislature, January 30, 1866.
Execftive Chamber, J
Harrisbi'ug, Pa., Jan. 30, 1860. j
j„ the Sonde and House of Representatives of the
i nmoriieeallh of Pennsylvania:
(jEMUMkn —We have cause to be tliatik
fui to Divine Providence for the blessings
t peace within our borders,abundant crops,
unanimity among our people, and that thus
.ins Commonwealth has been enabled to do
her lull duty to the country, to herself and
t,i posterity.
1 apprised yon in my message of the 27th
f November, 1805, and delivered to you at
the beginning of your session,of the neces
sity under the pressure of which I was com
pelled, for the restoration of my health, to (
jojottrn for a time in a warmer climate. 1 !
returned from Cuba refreshed and invigor- j
ated, and have resumed the discharge of i
my public duties. I cannot omit to acknowl !
edge,with profound gratitude, the kind, con
siderate and rtVeetionate course which you
persued during my restrained absence. A
heavy addition has been thus made to the
debt which I already owed to the people of
the Commonwealth and their Representa
tives.
Ike balance in the Treasury,
November 3D, 1864 $1,942,203 63
Receipts .luring fiscal year,
ending November 30, 1865 6,219,989 67 .
Total in Treasury for fiscal year,
ending November 3t>, 1866 6,162,193 30
The payments for the same period
have been 5,788,525 16
Balance in Treasury, November
39. 1865 * .2.373.668 14
The operations of the sinking tuna,during
the year ending on the first Monday of Sep
tember last, as staged in my proclamation,
were as follows :
Amount of debt reduced, $745,811 26, as
fallows, viz :
Five per cent $436,824 62
I aipon loan 230,000 00
H'ar loan 76,400 00
Interest certificates 2,008 64
b ua-stic creditors 578 00
The discrepancy between the reduction ol
tin-public debt, as shown b\ the statement
at the close of the fiscal year, and that in
my pioclatiiation at the close of the sinking
mud year, arises from the fact that the one
ms on the first Monday in September,
ahii the other on the 30th day of November.
Amount of the puldic debt of Peutisylva
i. as it stood on the Ist day of December,
1' 1, $39,379,603 04.
Amount redeemed 8t the State Treasury
luriig the fiscal year ending with Novem
v'T 30, 1865, viz. :
F.vv per cent, stocks $1,703,517 88
| ur and half per cent, stocks 20,000 00
mastic creditor certificates, 578 00
Military loan, ue; ol May 15, 1861 . 179,250 00
1.903.345 88
Public debt, Dec. 1, 1865 $37,4V'b\250 06
A--.ets in the Treasury :
Bonds IVnusylvaiiia K.ulroiel
company $6,700,000 00
bonds Philadelphia and Krie
railroad company 3,500,000 00
later st on bonds Philadelphia
and trie ltailroad company 1,050.000 00
Usu iu Trea.su.-y 2.373,668 00
13,623,668 14 ,
Liabilities in excess of assets .23.852.589 92 I
- .1 iliti. s ill excess of assets,
t N yvmber 30, 1860 $26,408,168 94
'in> sin excess of assets,
November 30. 1865 23,852,589 92
venicnt in the condition of
treasury, since Nov. 30, 1860 2.555.579 02
By the report of the State Treasurer, .t
k* observed that the extraordinary ex-
I tines growing out of the war, not re
■ I by the General Government, have
■ u $4,028,627 21. This includes the di
! ix jia.nl to the Uniti d States, which is
re-it,ibnrsah'e. In the balance is inclu
s'l7l,47o 43 paid to the militia.
\ with a good portion of the remain-1
- • spend it ure, is clearly due the State !
■i the General Government.
' necessity lor extraordinary expendi
',:ving ceased with the suppression
-■" late rebellion, measures should be
I to examine our resources,and relieve, ;
u is possible, the heavy burdens to
•ur people are subjected,
mis been the habit of late years, to i
I" 'ate, freely,annual sums for the sup- i
: 'ocal charities ; and such appropria-1
* are almost every year increased in j
1 ami amount. Houses of Refuge,
; bitious (~r the Deaf and Dumb, and for j
" ""I, Lunatic Asylums—these appear j
" to be proper objects of State bounty, \
'use a |,. w () j- (bem are sufficient for the :
■' Nate, and to leave them to he provi
'• he the local authorities would, in
b '' to deprive of protection, the uufor- ;
1 " classes lor whose benefit they are :
'"giied. R u t
mere local charities, how- |
"a ritorious and effective, should, 1
. , " lett to the support of the benevo- j
; f auies who established them,
j* unjust that the people of the Com- 1
ihli should be coerced to pay taxes j
( ;" r that part of the money so raisi-d '
, ' given to the support of local char-
by private associations, es-1
. 1 F when it is remembered that hither-1
a small proportion to the private)
' " s in the State have asked for such i
T r "priation.
a[ . 1 ' "iiiuieiid, therefore, that no appropri
' l,lU(,t ' f'T charities, beyond the in-
TIJ w Gich 1 have above specified.
* r - no. IX ' ? at P reBe,lt '*' d on corporations
. u , "'l" :t '. at'd to a certain extent there*
4 tt.,„," >1 " ~ 'vcomrnend the subject to the
a view to
\Vjii ! ' . l ''° s 3'stem.
u Uw years, acts have been re-
E- O. GOODRICH, Publisher.
VOLUME XXVI.
peattdly passed directing the expenditure
of as much money as may be necessary to
effect named purposes, sometimes without
clearly designating by whom the money is
to be expended, or how the accounts are to
be examined. This custom is very recent,
and has already led to abuses.
I recommend that the practice be correc
ted, and that no appropriation be made
without having the exact sum appropria
ted, the specific purpose to which it is to
be applied, and designating the officer by
whom it is to be expended, and providing
that the accounts shall be settle 1 in the
Auditor General's office in the usual man
lier.
Notwithstanding the large expenditures
by the State for military purposes, since
the breaking out of the rebellion, the con
dition of the Treasury is now $2,555,579 12
better than it was then, and 1 am proud to
be able to state further, that on the Istday
of Pecember, 1865, the State debt was
$492,938 66 less than it was on the Ist of
January, 1801 These are truly gratifying
facts.
Under these circumstances, it may be
possible, with entire safety to our finances,
to reduce or even repeal the ordinary State
tax of two and a half mills on real estate.
The tax of one half mill laid by the act of
May 16, 1861, was by that act expressly
pledged for the repayment of the loan of
$3,000,000, thereby authorized, and of
course cannot be repealed or reduced until
ihat repayment shall have been made. 1
recommend this subject to the careful and
deliberate consideration and judgment of
Legislature, and if it should be found that
the tax can lie lepealed, 1 recommend that
all laws authorizing the levying of local
tax son bonds, mortgages, loans and all
property of that kind be also repealed.—
Such a repeal would largely encourage the
investment of capital in this State, and add
immensely to the wealth of the State,while
the local authorities would loose very lit
tle, as it is notorious, that from the difficul
ties of assessment, they receive very little
Irorn these sources.
In case of such repeal, I recommend the
adoption of some eft'ectual measures for en
torcii g correct returns of such objects of
taxation, with appropriate penalties for the
neglect or refusal to make them.
I make these recommendations, believing
that it will lead to more equitable local
taxation and to greater economy in their
disbursement.
Many acts are on our statute books, in
corporating companies for various purpos
es, which companies have never been or
ganized or gone into operation. 1 recom
mend that all such acts be repealed by a
general law, and that provision be made
that in future every act authorizing a cor
poration shall become void, unless the cor
poration shall organize and use its fran
chises within a limited time.
Since my last annual message the war
against armed treason has been brought to
a close. Of the large contributions made
by Pennsylvania to the National army, but
a few of the men now remain in the service.
The spirit which animated our people, at
the outset of the rebellion, has never flag
ged ; and we can look back with piide and
satisfaction to the part taken by this State,
in aiding to maintain the unity of the Gov
ernment and in its defence against the as
saults of its enemies.
In my first inaugural addresS, I took oc
casion to declare that Pennsylvania would,
under any circumstances, render a full and
determined support to the free institutions
of the Union, 'lhe pledge so made was
based upon my knowledge of the solid pat
l iotism of her citizens. At that time dan
ger threatened, but no one anticipated that
it would break forth so suddenly, nor that
it would grow to such fearful proportions
as it in a brief time assumed.
My confidence in Pennsylvania, in her
even, yet stubborn will, her ability and re
sources have been fully justified by the
manner in which she has done her duty
during the late eventful period.
Ou the request of the President of the
United States, 1 made a communication to
the Legislature, ou the 9th day of April,
1863, setting forth that military organiza
tions, of a formidable character, which did
not seem to be demanded by any existing
public exigency, had been formed in certain
ol the States, and that, whilst Pennsylva
nia yielded to no State, in her respect for
and willingness to protect, by all needful
guarantees, the constitutional rights and
constitutional independence of her sister
States, no contemplated attempt to resist
the enforcement of the National law could
meet with sympathy or encouragement
from the people of tliis Commonwealth, and
asked for authority and means to organize
a military bureau at the Capital, and to so
amend and modify the militia laws as to
give vitality and energy to the military or
ganizations of the State. Ou the 12th da}-
of the same month, I signed a bill pro
viding for the purpose indicated in my mess
age.
It will be remembered that this patriotic
action of the Legislature occurred before it
was known that hostilities had actually
commenced —and is believed to be the first
official action by the authorities of any
State, or by the National Legislature.
Tlie first call made by the President for
troops to aid in suppressing the rebellion,
was on the 15th of April, 1861, for seventy
live thousand men ; and that of this num
ber, the quota ol Pennsylvania was settled
at fourteen regiments, to serve three
months, unless sooner discharged With un
surpassed alacrity and earnestness, volun
teers answered to this call, in such num
bers as manifested the intuitive conviction
ol the people, that the monstrous wicked
ness which had enneeived an armed rebel
lion against t ie Constitution and the laws,
could not be suppressed but by a colossal
force.
Major General Robert Patterson was as
signed, by the General Government, to a
command, which included the forces raised
in Pennsylvania. Within a week after the
call ot the President, communication with
Washington was almost entirely cut off.
General Patterson, prompted by the neces
sities of the situation, made, on 25th of
April, a requisition upon me for twenty-five
additional regiments of infantry and one of
cavalry, to be forthwith mustered into the
service of the United States. Under this
lequisition, 1 accepted, from among the
many pre-sing to be admitted into the ser
vice, a sufficient number of companies to
fill it ; care being taken to allow to each
county, as nearly as possible, a fair repre-
TO WAN DA, BRADFORD COUNTY, l'A., FEBRUARY 8, 180(5.
I seutatiori. Only eleven regiments, liow-
I ever, in addition to the fourteen called for
by the President, were organized and mus
tered into the service, before the order of
i General Patterson was countermanded by
hiin, under instructions from the War I)e
-j partment
Oil the 14th day of May, 1801, the Secre
j tary ol War, in a letter communicating the
plan ol organization, for three years "regi
ments, confirmed the revocation of the order
in the following language: "Ten regi
ments are assigned to Pennsylvania, mak
ing in addition to the thirteen regiments of
three months militia, already called for,
twenty-three regiments. It is important to
reduce rather than enlarge this number,
and in no event to exceed it. Let me earn
estly recommend to you, therefore, to call
for no more than twenty-three regiments, of
which only ten are to serve during the war,
and it more are already called for, to re
duce the number by discharge."
The twenty-five regiments raised as above
stated, comprised 20,979 men. The ardor
of our p. ople was unabated. Many of the
companies, under my order, had arrived in
camp at Harrisburg, and others maintained
their organizations at home at their own
expense, and by contributions from their
neighbors and friends.
In the critical condition of the country,
and anticipating that, in case of reverse to
our arms, the borders of Pennsylvania
would be the portals to the rich granaries,
manufactories and store-houses of the
North, 1 deemed it my duty to convene the
Legislature, that adequate provision might
be made to enable me to render the military
power of the State as available and effici
ent as it should be, for the common defence
of the State and General Government ; and
accordingly, on the 20th of April, 1861, is
sued my proclamation, calling for a meet
ing of General Assembly, on the 30th of
the same month.
In my message to the Legislature at its
opening, I recommended the immediate or
ganization, disciplining and arming of a'
least fifteen regiments, exclusive of those
called into the service of the United States.
The Legislature acted promptly upon this
suggestion, and made full provisions for its
> ffi-ctual accomplishment. The resu t was
the early and complete organization, cloth
ing and equipment of the Pennsylvania
Reserve Volunteer Corps, with its thirteen
regiments of infantry, one of light artillery
and one of cavalry, under the supervision
of George A. M'Call, who was selected to
command it, with the commission and rank
of Major General. This corps contain* d
15,856 men, and the whole expense of rais
ing, clothing, equipping, subsisting and
paying them, until their entry into the Uni
ted States service, was $955,444 87. They
were encamped in different parts of the
State, except two of the regiments, com
manded by Colonels C'has. J. Biddle and
Seneca G. Simmons, and two batteries of
artillery, under the command of Colonel
Charles T. Campbell, which at the request
of the War Department, were sent on the
22*1 of June, 1861, to the relief of Colonel
Wallace, at Cumberland, Maryland, and re
mained for about six weeks there, and in
Western Virginia, engaged in active oper
ations. Towards the close of July the
whole corps was called for and taken, on a
requisition, into the service of the United
States. Within four days after the disas
ter at Bull Run, eleven regiments, in all re
spects ready for active service, were in
Washington and Baltimore.
The troops sent to Western Virginia
were re-called, and with the other two regi
meuts of the corps, forwarded to Washing
ton.
On the 26th of July, 1-861, the Secretary
of War expressed his gratification and
thanks for the prompt response from Penn
sylvania.
The wisdom of the Legislature in provid
ing for the formation ol this corps, for tin
interests of the State and the Nation, was
lully shown by subsequent events. Most of
the men who filled the ranks had been ac
cepted by uie under the call for twenty-five
regiments, which was afterwards rescin
ded.
They had left their families and homes
under a deep sense of duty to their country,
and to have sent them back unaccepted
would have caused serious difficulty in
making future enlistments.
Ily acts of Congress of 22d and 25th Ju
ly, 1862, the President was authorized to
call upon the several states for volunteers
to serve ler three years. Under this au
thority requisitions were made on this State,
and fourteen regiments were promptly fur
nished. In the meantime authorties had
been granted by the President and the War
Department to a number of individuals to
raise regiments in different parts of the
State, which seriously interfered wiih tie
action of the State authorities in filling re
quisitions regularly made under the acts of
Congress.
The embarrassments arising from this
conflict of authorities became at length so
serious that I was constraiucd to call the
attention of the President and Secretary of
War to the subject, by a communication,
dated the Ist of August, 1861, and on the
24th of-September following, an order was
issued requiring these independent regi
ments to report to the Governor, and plac
ing them under his authority and control.
Acting under this order, many of the inde
pendent regiments were filled up, others
consolidated, and seventy-three regiments,
with an aggregate strength of 89,048 men,
were promptly sent forward.
During the year 1862 a draft was order
ed by the General Government, which was
executed under the State authorities.
Of the quota of the State, under the call
of July 7, 1762, forty-three regiments of
volunteers, aggregating 40,383 men, were
put into service, and under the draft, order
ed August 4th of the same year, fifteen reg
iments, containing an aggregate lorce of
15,000 men, organized and sent forward. -
During the same period nine independent
batteries of artillery were organized in the
State, with an aggregate strength of 1,358
officers and men.
It will be remembered that the ardor and
promptness of our people, under such try
ing circumstances, in pressing the troops
forward, was such as to call from the Presi
dent especial thanks and to request me to
express them to the people of the State.
During the year 1863. forty-three thous
and and forty-six (43 046) men were fur
nished for the service, principally to fill
regiments in the field which had been re
duced by the exigencies of the war.
REGARDLESS OF DENUNCIATION FROM ANY QUARTER.
During tlie year 1864, under the various
r calls ol the General Government, thirty-two
i- regiments, two battalions and eight unat
f taclied companies of different arms of the
f service and for vatious periods, were or
- ganized and sent to the field, aggregating,
with re enlistments in the field, amounting
- to 17,870, an aggregate force of 91,704
5 men, furnished for that year.
On my suggestion the policy of console
r dating our reduced regiments, and filling
- them tip by the assignment of new com
- panics was adopted, and in 1865, under this
saystem, besides organizing three entire
, new regiments, seventy-five companies
> were assigned to reduced regiments, by
, which they were again filled to the regi
- mental standard. These three new regi-
I incuts and seventp-tive companies, with
I volunteer recruits for regiments in tin* field, !
i amounted, in the aggregate, to 25,700 men j
■ for this year.
In the month of September, 1862, after i
the second disaster of Bull Run, it became i
evident that the enemy had adopted an ag- !
gressive policy, and was about to invade I
the Northern Slates through Maryland and |
the southern border of Pennsylvania. Un
! der the sanction of the Presidento! theUni- j
I ted States, on the lltli day of tha month, ;
| I issued my proclamation, calling to imme
diate service fifty thousand of the freemen i
of this State. Under this call twenty-five i
regiments and four companies of infantry, J
fourteen unattached Companies of cavalry, !
j and four batteries of artillery were imtne- '
j diately organized and sent to the border, :
; the greater portion advancing beyond the
! State line into Maryland. General John
I P. Reynolds, at that period commanding !
I the Pennsylvania Reserve Corps, was tern- ;
porarily assigned, by the Secretary of War, j
to the command ot these troops, by whose
orders they were returned to Pennsylvania,
and by my proclamation, disbanded on the i
24th of the same inon h. In acknowledg
ment of the service rendered by the men of
Pennsylvania, Major General M'Cleliaan,
commanding the Army of the Potomac, by
letter dated the 27th of September, 1862,
acknowledging the service and thanking
the State, uses the following language:
"The manner in which the people of
Pennsylvania responded to your call, and
i hastened to the defence of their frontier, no ;
doubt exercised a great influence upon the i
enemy," and the Governor ol Maryland, His j
Excellency A. W . Bradford, in an order da
ted September 20, 18(12, used the following
language it: regard to these troops : "The j
readiness with which they crossed the hor- i
j der and took their stand beside the Mary- |
I land brigade, shows that the border is, in i
all respects, but an ideal line, and in such j
! such a cause as now unites us, Peuusylva-!
| uia and Maryland are but one."
In the month of June, 1863, it again be- I
came evident that the rebel army was ad
! vancing North, threatening also the west
i em border of Pennsylvania, and on the 26th
of that month, I again issued my proclama
tion, calling the militia of the State into
immediate service. In the Department of
the Monongahela, five regiments of infan
try, one company of cavalry and one bat
tery of artillery, for ninety day's service,
and one battalion of infantry, one battalion
of cavalry and one battery of artillery, for
six months' United States service, were or
ganized. In the Department of the Susque
hanna, twenty-three regiments and five un
attached companies of infantry, and two
unattached companies of cavalry, for nine
ty days : one battalion of infantry, one bat
talion of cavalry, and four independent
batteries ot artillery, for three months;
three regiments of cavalry, two battalions
of infantry, and three independent batter
ies of artillery, for six mouths' United States
service, were organized.
There were also organized in this depart
ment, for the "emergency term,"eight reg
iments, one battalion and a number of unat
tached companies ol infantry, two indepen
dent batteries of artillery and two compan
ies of cavalry.
In the Department of the Mononghaela,
the troops under this call, were comman
ded by Major General \\ . T. 11. Brooks, and
in the Department of the Susquehanna, bv
Major General I). N. Conch, severally de
tailed by the War Department.
The details of tr.e services of the militia I
on these occasions, as well as the generous
i assistance rendered by the militia of of the
| Slates of New Xoik and New Jersey,
I have been fully recognized in previous
messages.
Acting under orders, they did not hesitate
t.o cro>B tie State line and enter Ohio and
W< stir i Vijia, in tin- West; and in tlie
East, they defended the line of the Susque
hanna, were at Gettysburg, before the ad
vatiee of t-lie Army of tlie Potomac, defend
ed Carlisle successfully, when attacked by
a superior force, made lon# marches, pa
tiently suffering great privations for the
want of sufficient means of transportation,
crossed into Maryland, when ordered, and
attacked the enemy sucessfully, and saved
the Capital of their State from destruction.
When the history of the rebellion is tritely
written, no part, which relates to Pennsyl
vania, will reflect more credit on the patri
•otism, courage and fidelity of her people,
than their prompt answer to the call made
for military service for domestic protection.
It is a record of which the great body of j
the people are a party, and of which they
may all be proud.
In July, 1804, a rebel army again cross
ed the Potomac threatening the Southern
border, and marched to Washington.
Upon the pressing demands of the Na
tional authorities, all the orgrnized troops
in Pennsylvania were immediately sent for
ward. The rebel army was defeated and
driven bacck. A rebel column, of thre
thousand men had, however, crossed
the border, and, on the 30th of July, burn
ed the town of Chanibersburg. In my mes
sage of last year, 1 stated in detail the
movements of the enemy, and the circum
stances attending the destruction of that
borough. Vlthough the people of all the
southern border suffered much from annual
incursions of the enemy, Chambersbnrg is
the only town entirely destroyed within
our border, and, it is believed, in any loyal
State.
The citizens of the town were suddenly
reduced to poverty, and, for a time, were
sustained by the active benevolence of the
people of other parts of the State, aided I v
an appropriation of one hundred thousand
dollars frem the Commonwealth. Tiny have
struggled energetically to revive from thi*
calamity, but it is.now feared that few of
them will be able to succeed. I submit
therefore, to the wisdom of ihe Legislature,
whether it would not be proper to extend
to that people some additional relief.
The number of troops furnished the ser
vice, from Pennsylvania, during the rebel
lion, may 1 e stated as follows, viz :
During the year 1861 •> 130,595
Do do 1862 71,100
I Do d 0....1863 43,046
Do d 0... 1864 91,704
Do do 1865 25,840
362.284
This statement is exclusive of militia and
enlistments for the United States navy.
I refer for more perfect details of all the
military operations of the State to the re
ports of the Adjutant General of the other
military departments of the State and to
my previous annual messages. This brief
military record would be imperfect if I fail
ed to commend the fidelity, zeal and indus
try of the military departments of the State,
and to express my personal obligations for
the ready obedience and constant support 1
have uniformly received from the Chiefs of
the Departments and officers of my person
al staff
An approximate judgment of the amount
of labor performed by these departments,
and in the office of the Secretary of the
Commonwealth, may be made, when it is
stated that over forty-three.thousand (43,-
000) military commissions were issued dur
ing the war
The first request for troops from this State
was dated at Washington, on the loth of
April, 1861, and on the 16th the telegraph
announcement to the War Department that
over 4,000 were at Ilarrisburg, awaiting
marching orders.
It is our proud privilege to have it remem
bered, that the first military aid from the
loyal States, which react ed Washington,
was the force of 460 Pennsylvatiiaiis, who
arrived there on the 18th day of April ami
that, when the Capital of the Nation was,
the second time threatened, after the battle
of Bull Run, the regiments of the Pennsyl
vania Reserve Corps, were the first troops
sent forward.
From tlie beginning of the war to its
close, the State has never faltered in its
support of the Government.
Proceeding in the strict line of duty, the
resources of Pennsylvania, whether in men
or money, have neither been withheld or
squandered. The history of the Conduct ol
our people in the field, is illuminated with
incidents of heroism worthy of conspicuous
notice ; but it would be impossible to men
tion them in the proper limits of a message,
without doing injustice, or perliaos. making
invidious distinctions. Arrangements are
in progress to have a complete history ol
our regiments, such as has been contempla
ted and is provided for in an act of Assem
bly already passed ; and on this sul ject 1
commend the report of the Executive Mill
tary Department to your favorable consid
eration. It would be alike impossible to
furnish a history of the associated benevo
lence and of the large individual contribu
tions to the comfort of our people in the
tield and hospital, or of the names and ser
vices,at all times,of our volunteer surgeons,
when called to assist in the hospital, or on
the battle field ; nor is it possible to do jus
tice to the many patriotic Christian men
who were always ready to respond when
summoned to the exercise of acts of human
ity and benevolence.
were sustained and strength
ened in the field, by the patriotic devotion
ol their friends at home ; and we can never
render lull justice to the heaven-directed,
patriotic—christian benevolence of the wo
men of the State.
During the war I had occasion, from time
co time, to communicate freely with the
Legislature 011 subjects bearing upon the
interests of the men representing the State
in the armies of the Republic.
It is with a sense of unfeigned gratitude
that 1 acknowledge how cheerfully and
promptly the Legisture and the people act
ed upon my suggestions, whether for the
support of the government, the enlistment
and organization of troops, or for the coin
fort of our people already in the field.
Without this generous confidence and
liberal support, the labors of the Executive
would have tven in vain ; the treasure that
has been expended would have been wasted,
precious lives lost would have been an em
pty sacrifice, the bruised hearts of kindred
and friends would have been without solace,
ihe strong men, whose health has been bro
ken and whose bodies have been maimed
would have been monuments of heroism
wasted, and the honor of this great Com
monwealth would have been degraded am
idst the fallen ruins of the institutions of
the Republic.
The report of the Hon. Thomas H. Bur
rowes, shows the gratifying result, under
his active management,of the system adopt
ed by the State, for the maintenance and
education of the orphans of our soldiers.--
His report exhibits the fact, that 1,242 or
phans are now actually admitted to the
schools, and that 1,846 applications in all
have been allowed, and orders issued for
their admission, many of whom have been
admitted since his report. It will also be
seen, that the largest appropriation, that
ever will be rcqubed, will lie for this and
the two ensuing and that then the
amount will be gradually reduced. I have
heretofore commended this charity to you,
and I deem it unnecessary to add another
word, in asking a continuation of an appro
priation,which is to provide for and educate
the best blood of the State, and support the
living legacies which have been bequeath
ed us by the men who laid down their lives
for the country. When we remember that
every sort of public and private pledge that
the eloquence of man could device or utter,
was given to our soldiers as they went for
ward, that if they fell, their orphans should
become the children of the State, I cannot
for an instant suppose, that you will hesi
tate to continue au appropriation, which is
to bless their little ones, providing comfort
able homes, instead of leaving them in
want and destitution, many of them to fall
victims to vice and crime.
At the time of the invasion of the North,
in 1863, by the rebel army, the President
made a requisition on me for militia to serve
during' t'te emergency. The men came for
ward promptly, to the number of 36,588. of
whom upwards of 25,000 refused to be mus
tered into the service of the United Stat's,
in consequence of circumstances of prior
occurrence not necessary to be here stated.
In this embarrassment, the emergency
b'-ing very pressing,after consultation with
the President, he authorized and requested
per Annum, in Advance.
me to take them on behalf of the State, and
| for the defence of the State, the United
States paying all the expenses of their
clothing, equipment, subsistence, &c. It
was, however, alleged that there was no
appropriation for their pay. To remove this
difficulty the General Government applied
to banks and other moneyed corporations
in Philadelphia to advance the amount of
the pay, on a pledge that, when Congress
met, the passage of a bill to reimburse them
should he recommended. These institutions
declined this proposition,but expressed their
willingness to make t'.ie advances if I would
pledge myself to recommend to the Legis
lature the passage of such an act in case
Congress should not provide for reimbursing
them. Under thesecircninstances,! receiv
ed front the Executive of the United States
the pledge which he had proposed to give
to the batiks, &e., and upon that I g<ve the
necessary pledge to them, and they advanc
ed the required funds according. The fol
lowing telegram from the Secretary of W .r
will show in part the ground on which i
acted :
WASHINGTON, July 22, 1863
To his Excellency, Gov. A. G. CCBIIX :
Your telegrams, respecting the pay of
militia callen out under your proclamation
of the 27th of June, have been referred to
the President for instructions, and have
been under his consideration. He directs
me to say that, while no law or appropria
tion authorizes the payment by the General
Government for troops that have not been
mustered into the service of the United
States, he will recommend to Congress to
make an appropriation for the payment of
troops called into the State service to repel
an actual invasion, including those of the
State of Pennsylvania If, in the mean
time, you can raise the necessary amount,
as has been done in other States,the appro
priation will be applied to refund the ad
vance to tho-e that made it.
Measures have been taken fur the pay
ment of troops n.ustered into the United
States service, as soon as the muster and
pay rolls are made out. The answer of this
Department to you, as Governor of the
State, will be given directly to yourself
whenever the Department is prepared to
make answer.
(Signed) . EDWIN M. STANTON,
Secretary of War.
When Congress met,the Executive of the
United States did not recommend the pass
age of the necessary act. I have under
stood that the subject was cal ed to the at
tention of the proper committee, by the Sec
retary of War, but, as the President did
not send a message explaining the circum
stances of the case, the appropriation fail
ed, and the members of Congress had thus
no meansof explaining to their constituents
the difference between the case (which was
in substance a loan to the United .States,
upon the pledge of the Executive for its re
payment), and the case of the voluntary
expenditure of money for military purposes
of Pennsylvania and most of the other
states.
1 will add that the men came into the ser
vice for the emergency only, and on the
faith that they should he discharged as
soon as, in my judgment, the enier-ency
stiould have ceased. The emergency ceas
ed immediately after the battle of Gettys
burg, which commenced on the Ist of July,
1863 ; yet the men, against my urgent and
repeated remonstrances, were kept in the
service long afterward and used by the
United States for various pu poses. The
last of them were not discharged till in Sep
tember.
I recommend that the Legislature ad<.pt
measures to bring the subject again before
Congress,and obtain repayment of this sum,
amounting to $671,476 43, with interest on
the same, which the General Government
has thus far so unwarrantably withheld.
Great injustice has been done to private
soldiers, who went into service under the
provisions of the act of Congress, by refus
ing to pay them the full bounties offered by
the terms ol that act. The following let
ter, which 1 addressed to the Secretary of
War, sufficiently explains the position of
this affair:
EXECUTIVE CHAMBER, j
HAKBISBUBG, PH., June 5, 1805. J
SIR: -There are two subjects connected
with the discharge of volunteers which are
of so much importance that I feel justified
in calling your attention to them.
First The men are being paid only to
the day of their arrival at the place they
are to be discharged. This will cause them
to lose a few days' pay, depending princi
pally upon the promptness and disposition
of the officers of the United States having
the matter in charge. It is a matter of lit
tle moment to the Government, but the
men feel it to be an injustice, and if, under
the acts of Congress, they can be paid until
discharged, 1 think you will agree with
them.
Second. In Circular No. 29 from Provost
Marshal General's Office, dated July 19,
1864, " under which the volunteers now to
be discharged were raised," it is stated that
the bounty provided by law is as follows :
"For recruits, including representative
recruits, white or colored, $100."
And it is further added, that the first in
stallment of the bounty will be paid when
the recruit is mustered in, as follows :
"To a recruit who enlisted in the array
for one year, $33 33."
On these terms the men enlisted, and i
they are of opinion that they are entitled to i
the remainder of their bounty when dis
charged fran service.
It is proposed, however, to pay them but
a part of this remainder, because the gov
ernment does not require their services for
the full term of their enlistment, and ap
pears to be a breach of the contract be- j
tween the Government and the men. Tlie
bounty was held out by the Government as ;
an inducement to enlist, not as an additional
pay for services to be rendered. The men
became entitled to it by the fact of enlist
ment, and could only forfeit what remained
unpaid by some misconduct, of which such j
forfeiture should be a legal penalty. These i
matters are creating much unpleasant feel
ing among the men. I need not say to you,
they have behaved gallantly, and the coun
try owes them everything ; and if it can
possibly be avoided they ought not to be
sent home under the feeling that the Gov
ernment, when their services are no longer
required,takes the first opportunity to treat
them unjustly and violate its contract with
them.
1 assure you that unless these difficulties !
are relieved there will be created a general j
discontent which will be injurious hereafter; :
and it is my fervent desire for the success
of your administration which lends me to
biing them directly to your notice.
Very respectfully,
Your obelient servant,
A. G. CURTIN.
To the PRESIDENT.
The refusal has been persisted in, under
an opinion of the Attorney General of the
United States, a copy of which was sent to
me.
I recommend that the Legislature make
proper efforts to have this injustice correc
ted.
The report of David Wills, Esq., presi
dent of the soldiers' National Cemetery, at
| Gettysbu g. herewith transmitted, shows
i the present condition of tin; cemetery. As
I the battle of Gettysburg resulted in a glor
j ions victory, and was in fact the bcgiu
| ning of the end of the war, and occurred on
the soil of the Commonwealth, I think it
| would be well that it should be commeino
i rated by an historical painting to be placed
! in the Capitol of the State ; and I recotu
j mend that the Legislature take measures
for that purpose.
The State of Maryland has proposed to
her sister States that they unite with her
in establishing a cemetery for our soldiers
who fell at Antietarn. 1 herewith trans
mit copies of the Maryland statute, and
other documents on this subject, and rec
ommend the passage of an act heartily
accepting the proposition of the State of
Maryland. All the States having promptly
and generously responded to our proposi
tion to have a cemetery at Gettysburg, it
would seem proper that we should recipro
cate, and unite in this. The duty is made
; more sacred when we remember that more
! of Pennsylvania's sons fell in that battle
j than those of any other State.
The report of the State Agent at Wash
! ington, herewith transmitted, shows that
under his efficient management the claims
! of our B>>Wiers are promptly examined and
; paid. Every effort has been made to ap
prise our officers and men that their claims
will be collected by the State Agent (Col.
! Jordan), without expense to them ; yet it
i is feared that many of them continue to
j employ private claim agents, whose fees
! bear heavily on the claimants.
Since my ast annual message I have.ex
pended of the secret service fund, the sum
ot four thousand three hundred and thirty
three dollars and twenty cents, out of which
1 have paid my personal staff add other
extraordinary expenses. No appropriation
j is required for the increase of this fund.
1 invite your attention to the reports of
! the Military Departments of the State, to
the report of the Superintendent of Com
mon Schools, which exhibits the prosper
j ous condition of our system of public edu
cation, and to the report of the Surveyor
General, and recommend to your favorable
consideration the many excellent sugges
tions made by that officer.
I commend to your earnest consideration
tlii suggestion made by the Surgeon Gen
i eral in his report, herewith transmitted, on
the propriety ot legislation for the protec
tion of our people, by proper sanitary meas
ures, from tlie ravages of the cholera, which
is now approaching our shores.
1 commend to the wisdom of the Legisla
ture the subject of providing for the relief
of our many maimed and wounded soldiers.
Possibly tins might be dore by continuing
and enlarging the acts providing for boards
of relief iti the several counties. 1 recom
mend the adoption by the Legislature of
this or some other plan tor doing justice to
: the class of men in question.
By the joint resolution of May 16, 1861,
authorizing me to give Hags to jur regi
ments, it was made the duty of the Execu
tive to receive the flags when the regiments
returned. This has not been hi'herto done,
inasmuch as they have not all yet been
mustered out. As soon as this shall have
taken place, the Hags will be received with
appropriate ceremonies, and I recommend
that the Legislature make provision for
causing them to be hung in the new Li
brary.
1 refer to the suggestion of Brigadier
General Todd, Inspector General, on the
subject of the militia. lam not prepared
to make any recommendation on this sub
ject, as I observe with great pleasure, that
Congress is proposing to establish a uni
form system throughout the United States.
The arsenal at Harrisburg is decaying
and unsafe. The aims and munitions of
the State there deposited are of the value
probably of half a million of dollars. I re
commend that provision be made for re
pairing it, or that a new arsenal be con
striated in this vicinity, lor the purpose id
securing their preservation.
Since my last annual message, the late
President of the United States has fallen a
victim to the m< si foul and base assassina
tion recorded in history. It will afford me
pleasure and 1 will heartily unite with you
in any expression of indignation at the
crime, and of appreciation of the public
virtue and services of its victim, Abraham
NUMBER 37.
Lincoln.
My uniform course during the late war,
was to avoid the discussion of the General
Government, while giving a hearty support
to tin: National authorities in all their meas
ures to suppress the rebellion. 1 shall con
tinue to pursue the same course during the
embarrassment necessarily connected with
the entire restoration of the country. The
principles expressed in the message of the
President, at the commencement of the
session ofCougress, will receive my cordi
al support.
During the last five years the people of
this State have suffered deeply from the
calamities of war. Thousands of her men
have been slain, and others are maimed
and broken. Almost every family lias been
stricken, and everywhere there are widows
and orphans, many of them helpless and in
poverty. It is a subject of sincere congrat
ulation, that peace lias at last returned.
1 am nut aware of the existence of any
difficulty with other nations which may not
he amicably adjusted, and therefore ven
ture to express the hope that long years of
tranquility and happiness are before us.
A. 6. CURT IN.
WHAT is a coquette? A young lady of
more beauty than sense, more accomplishments
than learning, more charms of person than grace
of mind, more admirers than friends, more fools
than wise men for attendants.
THERE is NOTHING that takes the starch
out of an aristocrat so soon as to nominate him to
some office that comes before the people. He's as
fawning as a dog, an I as polite and neighborly as
a French dancing master. Elections by t.e peo
ple do more to take the starch out of the raffled
shirt gentry than anything else.
REI.IGIOS consists, not in the doing of ex
traordinary things, but in doing common things
extraordinary well.
YofNG men, and young women, you have
the elements of a better character—perhaps a great
character —within you ; and if you make no your
mind to develop that into its proper expression
through the acts of your life, no common obstacles
can possibly stand between you and your success.
LAPI KS contemplnt ing an elopement should
be careful of their minor accessories. A well con
trived flight was entirely frustrated the other day
by a little pet canary,the anxiety of which at every
stage of the journey caused the runaway to be
traced and surprised before she could leave Eng
land.
No man can be witty when he wants to,
any more than he can be hungry when lie wants
to, —it comes to him, us love does, he can t tell how
nor why.