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.. liOOD-BA OLD ARM !"
.1 Ih'.-i 'it'll Incident.
liV GEORGE COOPER.
, knife was still, the surgeon bore
He shattered arm away ;
his bed, in painless sleep.
IV noble hero lay :
„oke, but saw the vacant place
Where limb of his had lain,
. f n faintly spoke. "Oh, let me see
\D strong rieht arm again I"
,„l.by, old arm!" the soldier said,
V he clasped the fingers cold ;
I Jown his pale but manly cheeks
The tear-drops gently rolled :
jjv strong right arm, no deed of yours
\ • gives me cause to sigh ;
■ ;t's hard ti> part such trusty friends :
: d-bv, old arm ! good-by !
Veuve served nic well these many years.
[n sunlight and in shade ;
it. comrade, we have done with war, —
Let dreams of glory fade.
u 11 nevermore my sabre swing.
[n battle fierce and hot ;
u'll never bear another fiag,
ir Sir another shot.
do not mourn to lose you now,
. r L' mi and native land ;
. proud am f to give my mite,
•oi In i Join pure and grand!
k God! uo selfish thought is mine
A"L:ii- hert I bleeding lie ;'
hear it tenderly away,
•1-1 y. old arm! good-by!"
C. S. Service Magazine.
piscctomis.
l DAY ON KILLENY HILL
excellent father had left me in pos
>l a tolerable capital, and a thriv
.vness in which to invest it ; he had
imeto his own pursuits, aud I had
beyond them. I was pru-
I ts well as industrious, and so it
pass, that when I had reached my
i-eotid year, 1 found myself the hon
viier of somewhat more than fifty
ad pounds, even in this age of milli
■ :s not to be despised.
never seen the lady, old or young,
i have liked to call by the endear
me of "spouse." It is true that I
- itnetiines over my solitary state,
vied Tom Rivers and Jack Seedrift,
nnced at their houses, and heard
•T children playing at the piano, aud
thy " squalling out its approval in
: 1 might have continued, too, to
le and repine, without having the
rial shallows of my own heart soun
id 1 not met with Lily Silver ton at a
show in the morning, and in the
s r of the same day danced with her
muse oi Bob Greeushaw, whose im
:u invitation a"a hop and supper "
" means of bringing us into more in
association.
■' at day and night 1 was a changed
'■'A not require Lily's photograph,
than a month she was always
nic in some way or other, and "at
ir of the day. When I shaved in
"eng. she stood beside the glass and
G.vcly to speak) directed my razor ;
■atto my breakfast, "in my mind's
■ - poured out the tea, and sweeten
} i• r ever-beaming glances ; in my
bewildered my invoice, and more
• induced me to commence my an
commercial correspondents with
west Lily and when 1 went home
with friends, still the flavor
was on the mutton and the
" breath gave to the port its best
"mm." said I to myself at last,
never do : you cannot go on in
'•ridiculous way forever. Lily"
" '"'ding up and down the room as
"■d become rhetorical for the first
1 ,;:, ie in my life—"Lily is only
• nod after all. It is true, so
rent and peerless is she, that
■ fittei for her dwelling-place
Hie blessed shades to which
w '}eii the sleeping sou of .Eneas,
"iibstituted Cupid in his place, in
and conquer the wretched
-''•' to be her eternal bower; I
/'' la m unworthy of her ; I am not
. •1 am aware of it; I want
-races and refined accomplish
i )i( ti are said to. go so far and
t <aueh with the female heart. But
[. " ' call her my Lily?—is beyond
all 'his. I feel it, I know
i (•• '*oi it; Greeushaw tells me
I ' a jilt, a heartless coquette,
| '•" as a bait—such was his odi
l , various phrase- -to draw on that
; !' ' r Littleton, who is a vulgar
" huse property is estimated at
s , 1 '. s 11 calumny—a falsehood of
r 'i, . i Us k'nd —concocted by that
I 1 i.-haw to annoy me, because
" r| mient contract was given
" md not to his. I will end it
i v i" a ' iat l ' one take the
r iroa t should he presume to.
fG p j l ' ' sta 'c 1 was rushing away
k Li',r l i"; > V' w ''. en niy housekeeper,
I mto. ' h - 1 rern ' nded me that I was
r'.g''c*t without my hat. This
I Tpr ,' lie ' 1,,1t I persisted.
[ 4 Rbt ;,j , ' bouse—Lily lived with
f-r.l ' r , Jora 'n street—l per-
I Yl i UVe t ' u " "rush"
' has proposed and been
E. O. GOODRICH, rvxt>li*liei-.
VOLUME XXVI.
rejected," whispered llope ; " how could
the low bred booi expect a better fate?" I
knocked and was instantly admitted—in
stantly ; another good omen, I thought,
which was heightened by tin; brilliancy of
Lily's eye, and the Hush on her beautiful
cheeks. \\ hen we had shaken hands—and
never did her hand feel softer or its pres
sure more palpable—she arose and said in
a low tome to her aunt :
" My dear aunt, Mr. Grantham must ex
cuse me if 1 retire ; but you have my per
mission to explain matters, and I am sure
from the many marks of friendship which
lie literally and liberally showered on me,
he will be the first to congratulate us."
She was gone but she left an able expo
nent behind.
In ten minutes I had heard it all, Sir Jas
per Littleton had proposed, and had not
| been rejected !
'"And so amiably generous ! (even mu
nificent has he been !" went on the wretch
ed go-between, in a tone of rapturous em
otion, "he proposes to settle four thousand
a year on our darling Lily," (ours, ha! ha!)
"and as to horses, carriages and establish
ments. Ah, Mr. Grantham our good for
tune is almost overcoming, and I am sure
that none of our many friends will more
truly or sincerely—"
1 rushed from the chamber of deception
and horrors, and left her to conclude her
hypocritical speech ti> the disgusted air.
Months passed away, during which I
learned one thing, at all events —namely,
that it is much easier to fall iuto love than
to fall out of it. I did my best, however,
and it was only by opposing the foulness
of the treatment 1 had received to the im
pressions which the beauty of the deceiver
had left on me that 1 made head against
the suffering I endured. Let no one say
that I was a fool (as Greeushaw did, with
his infernal "I always told you so," to back
it), when I honestly admit that my liver
sympathized with my heart, and that after
a course of the blue pill and Moxon's mag
nesia, my attendant physicians sent me
abroad to look for health when 1 objected
to any further dosing at their hands at
home.
I went up the Rhine and down the Dan
ube ; from Alp to Appenine ; and at length
went to Ireland, aud after "doing'' Killar
ney, the Giant's Causeway, the rocks and
ruggedneßß of Counemara and the llill of
Howth, found myself one delicious morning
on " Killiuey Hill." Yes, it was delicious ;
I have every reason to call it so.
This locally celebrated "Hill" is what
your blase tourists would term "nothing to
speak of as a hill." Neither is it ; it is
rather an agreeable ascent than anything
deserving of a more imposing name. But
when you stand on the top of it, and look
over the various scenery it commands, the
term "maguificent" may well indeed be
conferred on the whole without fearing that
the speaker will say too much. In front of
you is the "Bay of Dublin," second to none
other in the world for variety and beauty.
On one side the charming landscape which
stretches on to "Brayhead," is before you,
dotted with pasture-lands, villas, planta
tions, through which "meanders," for we
may say so, the Dublin and /Vicklow
Railway, edge the shore, and giving addi
tion life aud animation to the picturesque
scene ; on the other side you have variety
again : beneathjyou, almost, is the harbor
of Kingstown, with its magnificent "piers,"
its fleet of large vessels and small. The
citizens of Dublin have now made their
favorite ground in summer for picnics and
who find there every accommodation neces
sary for the pleasant consummation of a ru
ral fete."
It was on this charming hill, then 1 found
myself about noon, and after wandering
over the ground and admiring its beauties
for an hour or two, I began to perceive
that numbers of holiday-makers began to
crowd the scene accompanied by their
"helps," male and female, some assisting
in the transport of hampers and baskets,
and others anxiously looking out for and
supervising their proper setting down, and
taking cure as they did so that pie-crusts
wore their normal appearance, that cham
pagne flasks were unbroken, and that
neither "salt nor mustard" (which every
picknicker contrives somehow or another
to forget) was in this particular instance
mislaid or forgotten.
It is to be observed that there is an "obe
lisk" topping this hill, raised there, as I
have heard, as a sort of landmark for ves
sels approaching the shore. Near to this
obelisk 1 stood, when I was suddenly ar
roused by a slap on the shoulder, accom
panied in a moment after by a stentorian
but exceedingly pleasant voice, roaring in
to my ear the unexpected exclamation of.
"What in the world are you doing here,
old fellow ?"
It was a question under my circumstan
ces easier to ask than to answer, and so I
felt it at the moment to be ; so 1 suddenly
confronted my questioner, and answered
him b}' the simple monosyllable,
"Sir !"
In a moment the stranger's (for such he
was) hat was in his hand, and in the spirit
of an Irish gentleman, whose tongue sel
dom fails him, his answer was ready and
his apologies was amply and frankly made.
He had mistaken me for another, and made
his excuse for the liberty he had taken
with my scapula in a spirit of earnest sin
cerity which went to my heart at once.
Our mutual < xplanations led to further
discourse, in the course of which I told him
my name and occupation, and learned from
him that he was a solicitor in good prac
tice, and had been detained in court later
than he wished—it was then five o'clock ;
and his family and friends had preceded
him to "the hill," and were now, he sup
posed, either murmuring at his delay, or
soothing their milled spirits over quarters
of lamb, chicken pie, and such like calma
tives to a wounded inind.
"1 suppose," he said to me at last, 'that
you are about to be engaged in pretty
much the same way as myself, and there
fore is unfair in me to detain you longer
from your friends."
"I have no friends here," was my answer
"and 1 am only out on a tour of inspection,
and mean to go back to my dinner at my
hotel.
"By your leave, then," he said to me,
good-humoredly, "you shall do no such
thing, if I can prevent it. 1 am as hun
gry as a hawk myself, and I could not rec
oncile it to my conscience to send a man
seven or eight miles to look for his dinner,
when a tolerable meal is within a stone's
TOWANDA, BRADFORD COUNTY, PA., JANUARY 11, 18(55.
; throw at him.. Do ne the.favor to waive
, ceremony, and to take what in Ireland we
call 'pot luck' with me once in away,"
"But as a stranger, sir I have no claim
to your hospitality."
"l'anlon me," he interrupted ; "you have
i just stated the best claim any man could
give to anotiierTor sharing his crust with
him—at least so we think in Ireland, at all
, events. As to your being a stranger, and
j all that, is it all got over in a moment, and
I will manage to spare your blushes. 1
will introduce you to my wife and friends
|as Mr. Grantham —since such is your
i name, you say—an English client of mine,
; just arrived, and whom 1 have induced to
accompany tue. But we are wasting time
: meanwhile, and if we don't quicken our
i movements we shall come in for the lag 1
| end of the feast."
To a hungry and a solitary man such an
offer was not to be refused, and 1 followed
my impromptu host, and in ten minutes
found myself introduced in a round robin
sort of way to a party numbering at least
forty people—some young, some old, and
some middle-aged ; some of the male sex,
some ol the female, each of whom seemed
to take my introduction as a compliment,
and to be delighted that another item was
added to their social aggregate.
" Yts I "A love," said my jolly new friend
to his wile, a very distinguished looking la
dy. whose eye glanced pleasantly at both
me and him, "1 assured Mr. Grantham that
you would he delighted to welcome him,and
that it he did not like your cookery lie need
not try it again. By-and-by he will repay
you in more than ore way, for he sings like
an angel and will join Evelina there in a
duet that, as Hhakespear has it,would draw
nine souls out of one weaver, so that your
hospitality shall not be squandered for noth
ing on a nobody."
* " But 1 never sing with angels, papa,"
said the brilliant Evelina, a bright and
beautiful blonde of enchanting eighteen,
who was seated opposite me, "and even the
rustle of their wings would put me out and
frighten me."
" oil need not fear of being put to the
test, Miss Riverdale, - ' 1 answered iu the
same tone, "since, so far as my musical ca
pabilities are concerned, your papa's Irish
imagination lias galloped off with him ; 1
have the quality of a good listener, and can
enjoy hearing a good song though I cannot
sing one "
" \\ e will test you by-and-by, however,"
she said ; "in the meantime 1 recommend
you to try the raspberry tart, which is an
excellent preparative to clear the voice."
helped tne as 1 spoke, and I challeng
ed her to a glass of wine, for the privilege
of keeping up that glorious old fashion
that seemed to be acknowledged there. In
sensibly I was attracted to the fair Evelina,
who, though she formed only a single star
in the galaxy, had for mean interest super
ior to the rest.
Neither did it end there ; the day's enjoy
ment ushered in a night of enjoyment quite
as great. After dinner we broke into groups,
and wandered on and around the hill. By
this time my spirits had risen almost to fe
ver height; 1 had "dropped from the clouds,"
as 1 might say and yet so well had I played
my cards, that everybody seemed to like
me, to pet me, to adopt me as a friend, and
to wish that "we might often meet again."
My old feeling about Lily had received
what pugilists call "a settle ;" I did not
envy Sir Jasper his unwholesome bargain ;
I began to feel that if ever I had a liver at
all it was now in a perfectly normal state ;
and by a sort of "mentalists" (so my phy
sician used to call it) that my heart was
the organ which I should henceforth look
out for the engagement most heedfuliy.
As I walked accompanied by a doctor's
wife on one side ol me, small, plump, pret
ty and merry, and on the other by a charm
ing widow, somewhat past her premiere
jeunease, but those eyes still sparkled as
brilliantly as ever, and whose temperament
appeared to be a combination of solid un
derstanding and a sincere and honest desire
to be useful to every human being that
came in the way,l was still further confirm
ed in the justness of my incipient feelings
towards the beautiful Evelina. Her friends
(female friends too) spoke of her nobly, as
one who was the idol of her family, and
yet unspoiled by it, and equally the idol of
all who even like myself could fee! a sort
of intuition'that she desei ved the worship
and admiration which universally attended
her.
In the evening we adjourned to thenouse
of Mr and Mrs. Hazlewood,the former "one
of the best fellows breathing," as every one
called him, and as I have since found him
to Le, and the latter only second in beauty
to Evelina, and who backed the excellent
qualities of her husband by additional
qualities ofher own. Here we literally
"made a night of it," and "did not go home
tili morning—tiil daylight did appear." Did
I dance ? Yes—with Evelina. Did I sing?
1 did, with Evelina, too. Did 1 make a
speech when called upon by general ac
claim to return thanks when the toast of
"The Ladies" was proposed after supper ?
Of course 1 did, and with a fluent tongue
and a "surcharged heart," as 1 called it,
there and then, commenced eulogizing "the
glorious sex" general, and—Evelina in par
ticular. In fact, everything 1 undertook
on that suspicious day was "a success,"and
when on returning thanks when my own
health was proposed, 1 clapped the climax
but honestly acknowledging the ruse prac
tised in my favor by "my dear friend River
dale," and by as candidly owning who I
was, aud what 1 was, and that my present
intention was to postpone my departure
from Ireland sine die, in order to dip deeper
into the social mysteries of so genial and
generous a people, a perfect ovation re
warded mv oratory, and I heard Evelina
whisper an aside to mamma, which raised
me still higher in my own esteem, simple
as the words were, and consisting of the
equally simple commendation of "Really,
mamma, Mr. Grantham must be a very ac
complished man, and quite an orator ; he
speaks very well—and always like a gentle
man."
Do my readers suppose, after all these
many-tinctured revelations, that my "little
adveutures" stopped there? If so, they
will be disappointed, since I "followed up
my luck," as Irishmen say ; visited at the
house of Riversdale ; revelled in the bright
sunshine of "love's young dream," (which
by the way, Evelina sings deliciously), and
in the smile of the songstress ; courted—
proposed—was accepted—was married, in
a fact (> da sen for sir Jasper and his cold
REGARDI.KSS OF DENUNCIATION FROM ANY qI'ARTF.R.
• blooded wife !—and have just returned
; from my wedding trip to Killaruey, and
have asked precisely the same party to meet
us—us, glorious plural ?—on Killeny Hill
to-morrow.
FUN, FACTS AND FACETISL
NOTHING SO much destroys our peace of
mind as to hear another express an intention to
give us a piece of bis.
AN old gentleman of great experience
says he is never satisfied that a lady understands
a kiss unless he has it from her own mouth.
AT an agricultural dinner the following
toast was given : "The game of fortune ; shuffle
j the cards as you will, spades must win."
IHEY are trying to find a young man in
j Chicago who is heir to SIOO,OOO. Several young
ladies in other cities are looking for one just like
liim.
SOME people are never abreast of the age.
They dive into the stream of the past aud don't
come up again : their heads stick in the mud at the
bottom.
A farmer's son, a few days since, asktd
his father what a man-of-war was like. "Why,"
| said his lather, who had never seen one, "it's just
| like our threshing machine."
MANY persons have their best society in
. theii own hearts and souls—the purest memories
; oi earth and the sweetest hopes of heaven ; their
j loneliness c innot be called solitude.
i A gentleman has lately been placed under ,
j restraint. The first symptom he showed of mental !
| derangement was fancying himself a plant, and in- !
I sisting on his gardener watering him.
THE following question is being argued 1
; in the debating societies throughout the rural dis- '
! tricts : "\Miieh is the most destructive to life !
j war, cholera, or railroads?" At last accounts the i
I railroads are away ahead.
BAII men are never completely happv, !
i although possessed of everything that "this world '
| can bestow ; and good men are never completely i
miserable, although deprived of everything tha't ;
I the world can take away.
A I.ADY asked a minister whether a per
son might not be fond of dress and ornament
without being proud. "Madam," said the minis- i
ter, • 'when you see a fox's tail peeping out of the !
hole, you may be sure the fox is within."
"LOOK here, ma," said a young lady who ,
hud commenced taking lessens in painting of an '
eminent artist. "See my painting; can you tell
what it is ?" Ma, after looking at it for some time j
answered, "Well, it is either a cow or a rosebud. I j
am sure 1 can't tell which."
IN the Limerick papers an Irish gentle- 1
man, whose lady had absconded from him, thus
cautions the public against trusting her : "Mv wife !
has eloped lrom mo without rhyme or reason, and I j
desire no one to trust her on my account, for Jam \
not married to her."
ONE Sunday, when the minister of I'lnev j
entered the kirk, he was no less surprised than in- j
dignant to find that draft Jamie Fleming had taken j
possession of the pulpit. "Come doon, Jamie,"
said his reverence. "Come ye up, sir," answered j
Jamie, a stiff neckit* and rebellious geuer- i
at ion, sir, an' it 11 tak' us baith to manage them." j
A gentleman, walking with twu ladies, '
stepped on a hogshead hoop, that Hew up and
struck him in the face. "Good gracious!" said he, I
"which of you dropped that ?' ;
A DRIVER ola coach in Texas, stopping
to get some water for the young ladies iu the car- j
riage, being asked what he stopped for, replied. '
"I am watering my flowers." A. delicate oompli |
ment
THE editor of a country paper in Pennsyl- j
vania, says that he felt called upon to publish Fa- i
ther Lewis' sermon on the "Locality of Hell," as I
it was a question in which nearly all our readers ;
were interested.
I
MILTON was asked : "Jlow is it that in j
some countries a King is allowed to take his place !
on the throne at fourteen years of age,but may not j
marry until he is eighteen ?" "Because," said the |
poet, "it is easier to govern a kingdom than a wo- !
man."
THE young lady who could read the fol
lowing ami "don't pity the sorrows of a poor young
man, deserves to live and die an old girl '
"I wish 1 were a turkey-dove.
A setting on your knee,
I'd kiss your smilin' lips, love,
To all e-ter-ni-tec."
'* THE times are so hard 1 can scarcely
manage to keep my head above water," said a hus
band the other day to his wife, who was importun
ing him for a new dress. "No," she replied, with
some asperity, "but you manage to keep it above
brandy easy enough."
AN old criminal was asked what was the
caase which led to his ruin, when he answered :
"Cheating a printer out of two years subscription!
When 1 had done that the devil took such a grip
on me that I couldn't shake him off."
A COPPER stock speculator in Cleveland,
fell asb ep iu church, from which he was waked up
by the pastor's reading—"Surely there is a vein
for the silver and a p ace for the gold where they
find it." Jumping to his feet ho shook his book lit
the minister, crying --"I'll take five hundred
shares.
A GOOD deacon making an official visit to
a dying neighbor, who was a very unpopular man,
put the usual qnestkm : "Are you willing to go.
my friend?" "<>, yes," said the dying man. "I
am glad of that," said the deacon, "for all the neigh
bors are willing."
JOHN NEWTON says : "Wlien 1 get to heav
en 1 shall see the wonders there. The first won
der will be to see s > many people there whom I did
not expect io see ; the second wonder will he to
miss so many whom I did expect to see ; and
the third and greatest womler of all x\ ill be to find
myself there."
\\ E see it recorded that a soap peddler
was recently caught at sea during a violent storm,
when lie saved his life by taking a cake of bis soap
and washing himself asliore. This soap, or the
story, must have been made from very strong tin.
AT what time of life may a man he said !
to belong to the vegetable kingdom ?—When long j
experience has made him sage.
"SAU., what time does your folks dine?" i
"Soon as you goes ; that's missus' orders."
TIIF. man who boasts of his knowledge is ;
usually ignorant, and wishes to blind the eves •>( i
bis hearers. Merit and intelligence are always dis- j
overed—in few instances unnoticed, unrewarded, j
IF a man who takes a deposition is a de
positor, does it necessarily follow that the man who
makes an allegation is an alligator ?
,
A SECOND MOSES. —When Gen. Sully, last
summer, on his expedition to the Devil's
lake, passed Fort Jierthold, quite a num-;
ber of Indians had gathered there to see
him and make peace. They complained a
great deal of dry weather, and wished the.
General would make rain the same as Fatii- j
et de Smet.the missionary who used to see
them, had done. The General promised
them lie would do the best he c nld. It
happened that shortly afterwards a heavy
thunder shower passed, flooding everything.
The Indians were greatly pleased, an ■'
called the General a great tiicd'cmc man.
But they said it was a little too much at
once. "Well," said the General, "1 know
it but 1 couldn't help the thing after it
started !'
GEOLOGY OF OIL GREEK THE STRATA
The strata of Oil Creek and vicinity con
sists of conglomerates, sandstones, slates
and shales.
Conglomerate rock is made up of pebbles
mixed with more or less sand, and all ce
mented into a close, hard rock. These peb
bles vary in size and quality, in different
localities, being usually of quartz, through
sometimes of sandstone ; and they are
found from the size of a pea to that of a
goose-egg, and occasionally even, though
not in this part of the State, with a diame
ter measuring four or five inches. They
have evidently been formed into the shape
in which we now find them, by the action
of water, pushing, tumbling and rolliug
them together and sweeping them along,by
whie.i the sharp angles that they must have
had when first torn from their native bed,
have been broken and worn by attrition,
until they present the well known smooth
and rounded form which so distinctly char
acterizes them.
The conglomerate of this vicinity belongs
to what is called the VESPERTINE formation,
n the Pennsylvania Survey. It is founde
in situ, or in its native bed. only upon th
tops of our highest hills ; but pieces of i
which have been broken off, generally by
their own weight, after the softer rock be
neath had been decomposed and washed a
way, are found scattered over the hill-sides,
sometimes in immense massejj, or blocks,
which are so enduring as to defy the action
of the elements, and to bear record in their
ruins, of former conditions and chirges
which their more yielding neighbors, the
underlying sandstones and slates, could
not survive.
As found here, it is not coarse, the peb
bles being rarely larger than hickory-nuts;
and become smaller as we trace this forma
tion westward, while the opposite will hold
true if we go eastward. The accompany
ing Vespertine sandstones and slates also
become finer in their texture,and the whole
formation becomes thinner as it spreads
westward—from 2,000 on the Susquehanna
River, to not over 100, or 150 feet at Oil
< 'reek.
From this thinning down of the mass, to
wards the west,aud a corresponding change
in the texture, from coarse to fine ; we are
led to believe that the.materials from which
the rocks of riffs formation are composed,
were derived from a continent lying on the
east or northeast of the Apuiachian range,
previous to their upheaval ; and that these
materials, after being brought down to the
sea through the channels of rivers flowing
west or south west, were distributed to their
present locations by powerful ycean cur
rents that were subject, doubtless, to laws
similar to those which govern our present
great Rivers of the tSea.
For a familiar illustration, take a long
mill-pond or lake, with a creek flowing in
to it at one extremity and out at the oppo
site—the creek will bring down, especially
at the time of a flood, large quantities ol
loose stones, pebbles, sand, black mud or
vegetable mould, and blue mud or clay ;
and it will dispose them over the bottom of
the pond or lake in the order in which we
have named them ; that is, at the upper
end of the lake, at the mouth of the creek,
will be found the large stones, than the
sand carried beyond the pebbles, then as
the force of the current becomes less, the
black mud was deposited, and finally the
clayey mud which the water held longest
and carried farthest ; and the beds will be
found to become thinner as they become
liner in texture, thus corresponding to the
conglomerates,sandstones,slates and shales
ot tlie New York State and Pennsylvania
formations of the secondary rocks.
It will be readily inferred from the fore-!
going, that a sandstone is only a very fine ,
conglomerate ; also that black carbonace
ous slates may be attributed to a vegetable
origin : and that argillaeious shales or the
soapstones of the oil diggings, and derived '
front clayey formations.
The VERGES'R SERIES of rocks—so called
by Professor Rogers—is immediately be- j
neath the VESPERTINE, aud it corresponds to
the Chemung and Portage groups of the
New York Stab Geologists. This forma
tion consists of sandstones, slates and I
siialcs interspersed, the sandstones in their i
layers varying in thickness from five to fif
tv feet, while the slates and shales are
found in immense deposits, sometimes "t
*OO to 1,000 feet in thickness. To this ser- 1
ies belong the sandstones, slates and shales !
which appear iu the bluffs of the creek j
throughout its whole length, also the first, ;
second and third saudrocks of the wells,
with their intervening slates and shales, as |
far as the drill has yet penetrated, and how '
much deeper it extends is unknown. It j
will probably be found that the fourth sand-J
lock of Pitholc corresponds to trie third of j
Oil Creek, and thai the first at Pithole is'
identical v. ith one found above the bottoms, !
along tlib bluffs of our valley; although it j
is by no means impossible that the eoutiuu- i
ity do. s not exist, for there were causes j
operating at the time where these rocks j
were deposit-d, which produced local
cluing * ami Y aria ions of greater or less '
importance ; for instance, :• third sand is !
foiwid in Church Run, while no trace of one ;
is found on the flats around Titusville; and j
the third sand or great oil-hearing rock of j
the lower end and middle of Oil Creek val-.
ley, disappears at the upper end of the Fos- !
ter farm, and we have.not learned that any i
lure been found in any portion of the valley ■
above. — Tititsville Herald.
How DARE YOU ?—An amusing little !
episode recently occurred in a railroad ear.
Shortly after the train had left the depot,
au old lad}'jumped up and addressed a gen
tleman seated behind her, with "How dare
you ? What are you at ?" The astonished
gentleman replied that he had done nothing.
The lady again seated herself, but in a few
moments arose full of rage and terror, and
declared her neighbor was a "villi.m," and
on arriving at the next station was about
to have him arrested, when, luckily, the
cause of* her agitation was discovered—in
the shape of a goose, which, placed in a
basket under the seat occupied by the lady,
had during the voyage, amused itself by
pecking at her "understandings." The
discovery of the criminal created great
l-sviit •• among the passengers.
'P>, they tell us about the angrj- ocean
M int makes the ocean aiKjrv ! ' "Oh, it has been
critssed so often.
pei* Annum, in Advance.
LOOUSTS CHOLERA.
| There are several varieties of locusts.
That which belongs to Asia, and may be
j called the flying locusts, differs from the
i other species iri the conformation of the
head, the oval form of the eyes,the strength
i of the mandibles, and the exceptional - size
!of the posterior claws. The male is rather
| smaller than the female, and of a yellow
I color.
The insects of this family are one of the
most terrible plagues not only of Egypt
but of all Asia, the Archipelago, and Orien
tal Europe. For nearly two months, from
Cairo to Damascus, the writer from whose
account our description is taken,- accom
panied a friend on a journey during the
season when the locusts are expected ; and
in the plains of Esdraelon and maratime
Phamicia they were nearly blinded by the
swarms which, attracted by the fertile val
leys, regarded no obstacle to their passage,
but even struck the faces of the travelers
with the force of hailstones, and lay in
thick masses on the road beneath the hor
ses hoofs.
The locusts is regarded by many of the
Orientals as a forerunner of war or pesti
lence, and it is recorded that they had not
appeared either in Egypt or Syria for near
ly fifteen years when, scarcely a month
after their arrival, cholera and typhus rav
aged the whole coast of the Mediteranean
and the shores of the Black Sea. The ra
pacity of the locust is not the only evil
which characterizes it ; for when once the
work of destruction is accomplished the
insects die and cover a large extent of
country with tlieir decaying carcasses,
causing pestilential maladies of the worst
description.
In the course of the voyage of the travel
ers with a caravan their party stopped to
breakfast on the slope of a mountain over
looking the plain of Esdraelon ; to the left
was mount Tabor and the Little Lbrinou,
and afar oil' the mountains of Samaria,while
facing them at the end of the plain could
be seen the tiny village of Djonin, which
was almost lost in the haze ; although
such was the clearness of the air above the
plain that even distant objects could be
seen with singular distinctness. Sudden
ly a remarkable sound was heard, which
resembled the hum of a great workshop,
and the rays of the sun Vere obscured by a
vast widely spreading cloud of locusts,
which broke suddenly abuve the valley,
upon which the insects dropped like snow
flakes, covering the ground with their yel
low bodies, which moved and undulated
like foam upon water.
Unless aliigh wind prevails, and the lo
custs are driven towiird the sea, there is no
remedy but to submit to the stripping of
every green leaf from the trees, and the
utter disappearance of every blade of grass
from the earth, which they leave as bare
as though it had been scorched with fire.
In the valleys the chase of the locusts is
effected in a very primitive manner ; viz.,
by the people—men, women, and children
—arming themselves with long branches,
and wooden drums or boxes, 011 which they
beat, while they sing a sort of monotonous
chant of-a religious character, at the same
time spreading themselves over the plain
in order to alarm the invaders. It is a
singular spectacle to witness this ceremo
ny from a neighboring height, where the
gestures and the costumes of the people,
and their wild songs, are strangely inter
esting.
HOW TO TALK.
Dear reader, did it ever occur to you,
(boys and girls,) that you might just as
well learn to talk correctly as incorrectly '{ •
Jt is no more labor to use genteel language ,
than to use awkward, uncouth and boorish
phrases. Of course, children should be
taught from their very cradles, by parents
who should know how to speak correctly.
Wherever that is the case, children grow j
up without need of cultivation or amend
ment in their manner of speaking, for " as
the twig is bent, the tree's inclined." But
unfortunately, but few persons know how
to talk, and they teach their children all
manner of awkward sayings before they
go to school, and which must surely be un
learned before the young man or woman
can enter into genteel society. Unfortnn- j
ately, even school teachers, in most places, j
pay 110 attention whatever to the manner
in which their pupils converse. Nay, the#
even talk carelessly and more ruthlessly,
"murder the King's English " themselves,
for the reason that, notwithstanding tli#v
do not know how to talk or read. If nei
tlier parents or teachers can aid the young
people, they must take the matter in their '
own hands, and resolve to correct their
awkward manner of speaking. They can \
uo it it they determine upon it. They near
]y all know better than they do, in this as
most other things. They know that hun
dreds of words which they use are not cor
rect, and would laugh at a public lecturer !
who would use such language. Learn to j
"talk like a book." That is a good way,
and the habit once formed will remain with
yon Every nation and every localities in
nations, even down to counties and town- j
ships, have their idioms and localisms.
We have one set of cant phrases in
, Pennsylvania, and another in New York, a
different one in Virginia, and still others in
) Tennessee find so on through all the States.
The eastern Yankee will "guess," while in
Pennsylvania we "reckon." In some of the
Western and Southern States, they "calcu
-1 late." All these phrases are really vulgar,
! and all used in the the place of "suppose"
| or "presume," either of which is good Eng
! lish, wherever the English language is spo
| ken, while the others are not. A word of
Pennsylvania origin, unknown to the States
' North and East of it, is "ornary." It has
I no place in the English language, but those
i who use it, mean low, mean, vulgar. " I
i want in," or "I want out," and similar ex
| pressious are peculiar to this particular
part of Pennsylvania. It is a short and
very awkward way of saying, "I want.to
come in," or "to go out," &e. Correct
speakers never use such terms.
"1 havn't sate him," is another Pennsylva
nia idiom which is quite as awkward "1
seen him," yet it is quite common, event in
j Philadelphia, and the cultivated counties
around it, and in this part of the State it is
ridiculously common. Such errors need
only to he pointed out, to be seen by all who
i knovv anything of the English lauguage.
THE decadence of waterfalls will cause a
great falling off of hair.
BATTLES OF THE BWOBDFISH AND THE
WHALE.
Among the extraordinary spectacles
sometimes witnessed by those who "go
down to the sea in ships," none are more
impressive than a coinbat for a supremacy
between the monsters of the deep. The
battles of the swordfish and the whale are
described as Homeric in grandeur. The
swordfish go in shoals like whales, and the
attacks are often regular sea-fights. When
the two troops meet, as soon as the sword
fish have betrayed their presence by a few
bounds in the air, the whales draw togeth
er and close their ranks. The swordfish
always endeavors to take the whale in
flank, either because its cruel instinct has
revealed to it the defect in the cuirass—
for there exists near the brachial fins of the
whale a spot where wounds are mortal—or
NUMBER
because the Hank presents a wider surface
.to its blows. The swordfish recoils to se
cure a greater impetus. If the movement
escapes the keen eye of his adversary, the
j whale is lost, receives the blow of the en
emy, and dies almost instantly, but if the
whale perceives the swordfish at the in
stant of the rush, by a spontaneous bound
it springs clear of the water its entire
length, and falls on its Hank with a crash
| that resounds many leagues, and whitens
the sea with boiling foam. The gigantic
animal has only its tail for defence. It
tries to strike its enemy, and finish him
with a single blow. Hut if the active
swordfish avoids the fatal tail, the battle
becomes more terrible. The aggressor
springs from the water in its turn, falls
upon the whale, and attempts, not to pierce,
I but to saw it with the teeth that garnish
j its weapon. The sea is stained with blood;
i the fury of the whale is boundless. The
' swordfish harasses him, strikes on every
' side, kills him, and flies to other victories.
Often the swordfish has not time to avoid
i the fall of the whale, and contents itself
with presenting its sharp saw to the lla.uk
,of the gigantic anirnai which is about to
crush it. It dies then like Maccabaeus,
smothered beneath the weight of the ele
phant of the ocean. Finally, the whale
; gives a few last bounds into the air, drag
j ging its assassin in its flight, and perishes
as it kills the monster of which it was the
victim. The heroic combats of the sword
: fish with the whales would assuredly furn
ish matter for a strange poem, in which the
. grand would contend with the eccentric.
: The sea of blood, loaded with monsters
bodies devoid of life, and slain upon each
other, would be a picture worthy of inspir
-1 ing a rival ol the singer of the Batracho
j inyomachia. If the divine Homer did not
hesitate to celebrated the wars of mice and
| frogs, why should not one of the sons of
Apollo accord the recital of the exploits of
' the swordfish, and the formidable resis
tance of the giant of the waters ?
ME. BEEOHEE ON WORK
Henry Ward Beecher, in a recent speech,
| delivered the following just and spirited
| sentiment :
" If the people of the South do not work,
they cannot eat. Ido not think it is well
for a man to have many at work for him.
If it is ever brought to pass that the young
1 mothers of this day shall be as those of the
; days gone by, who did not consider it in
consistent witli a cultured lady's position
j to work her full share in the household,
working mornings till after the noonday
meal, then changing her garments and re
! sorting to social enjoyment and recreation,
it will be more creditable to us. Instead,
therefore, of synipathing with those at the
South who complain that their slaves have
left them and they are obliged to do their
own work, I am very glad of it. I am
very glad of anything that teaches persons
that they are able to work, and compels
them to work if they are not inclined to do
it. I like to see a man carry his own bun
dles ; I like to see a man trundle his own
wheelbarrow ; I like to see a woman tend
her garden ; I like to see the economy of
the house carried on by mother and daugh
ter, as well as by father and son ; and it is
a better state of society in which there is
some work for every man's leisure, and
some leisure for every man's werk. I am
rejoiced to see that after all the suffering
that has been undergone, there is coming
to be a healthier state of things—a better
condition in society. The first thing that
Southern society wants is work, and re
spect fur w-ork. If you want to make a
man respect work, make In'rn work. And
when he lias wrought, and eaten the bread
that never tastes so sweet as -when he
wipes the sweat from his brow, conscious
that he is dependent upon nobody, he re
spects work and workmen. Now, it is up
on this wonderful power of work for the
black man and for the white man in the
South that i build my hopes for the future.
THE RIGHT VlEW. —There are a number
of people in this, as well as every other
community, to whom we commend the fol
lowing remarks of the New York Tribune:
Nothing is more common than to hear
people talk of what they pay newspapers
for advertising, etc., as so much given to
charity. Newspapers, by enhancing the
value of property in their neighborhood,
and giving the localities in which they are
published a reputation abroad, benefit all
such, particularly if they are merchants or
real estate owners, thrice the amount year
ly the meagre sum they pay for their sup
port. Besides, every public-spirited citi
zen feels a laudable pride in having a pa
per of which he is not ashamed, even
though he-should pick it up in New York
or Washington.
A good-looking, thriving sheet, helps to
sell property, gives character to the locali
ty, and in all respects is a desirable public
convenience. If, from any cause, the mat
ter in the local or editorial columns should
not be tjuite up to your standard, do not
cast it aside and pronounce it of no ac
count until you are satisfied that there has
been no more labor bestowed upon it than
is paid for. Il you want a good, readable
sheet, it must be supported. And it must
not be supported in a spirit of charity ei
ther, but because you feel a necessity to
support it. So the local press is the "pow
j er" that moves the people.
—J
ROMANTIC COVRTSHII'.—I gave her a rose
and gave her a ring, and asked her to
marry me then ; but she sent them all
back, insensible thing, and said she'd no
1 notion of men. I told her 1 had oceans of
money and goods, and tried to frighten her
with a growl ; but she answered she wasn't
, brought up in the woods to be scared by
, the screech of an owl. I called her a beg
gar and everything that was bad, 1 slight
ed her features and form, till at length I
succeeded in getting her mad, and she
raged like u ship in a storm. And then iu
a moment 1 turned and smiled, and ca'led
her my angel and all, she fell into my arms
i like a we a i rso me child, and exclaimed,
"We'll marry this Fall."
FUNNY —to see a young lady with both
hands in solt dough, and a uiosquitoe on the end
of her nose.
THE young gentleman who "flew into a
passion" has had his wings clipped.