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quitter.
COR RESPQNDENOE.
PRINCETON, N. J., March 14, 1865.
MR. EDlTOR. —Having had an opportunity to
learn the feelings and determinations of the loyal
legions of New Jersey on the great questions of
i the age, "Declare freedom to all the inhabitants of
tire land," I have thought a few words on that
subject might irot be unacceptable to the numerous
readers of the REPORTER. It is cheering, you
km ov, to the old veterans of right, in Bradford, to
hear that the great cause is inarcking"conspicuous
lv on. All are doubtless acquainted with the re
cent defeat of the " Constitutional Amendment"
abolishing Slavery, in the Legislature of this State,
1 and perhaps too many have imbibed tire idea that
the measure is irretrievably lost. Let such be as
g sured that so disgraceful a result is by no means
i veu probable. Final action on that matter is yet
!. e aiie when more patriots and fewer traitor sym
pathizers will be privileged to arbitrate and to vote.
The i>eople have yet to speak, which they will too
next Fall iu thunder tones. Every loyal Jersey -
liiau holds himself duty bound to wipe out this
foul stain upon the record of his native State. He
knows all true freemen throughout the world are
Hatching the issue of this question with breathless
aiivi.-ty and cheered by the glorious prospects ol
the day he is now straining every nerve to make
the victory sure and complete. There exists every
reason for sanguine hope in the triumph of the
cause. Already have skirmishers gone out to "feel"
the enemy and with armor buckled on in the de
!• us.- of truth, justice and good government, the
patriots of New Jersey confidently and calmly
await the conflict, assured that the whirlwind of
popular opinion aroused by this disgraceful action
of her Legislature must sweep the State next Fall
for Freedom and Union, triumphantly. There
hardly remains the shadow of a doubt but that
New Jersey having washed her hands from the
foul pollutions of thepust will in due time take her
| seat among her sister States around the banquet ta-
Ible of universal liberty, s( s\l.
AMICUS RKPUBLICAE.
HEADQUARTERS CO. "I" 109 th N. Y. S. Vol., j
Ist Brig., Ist I>iv., 9tb Army Corps,
Near Petersburg, Va., March 20, 1865. i
MB. E. O. GOODRICH. —As I used to be a reader
138 "F the BRADFORD REPORTER, before I went to the
|n army. I thought I would write a few lines to you
which I wish you to insert in its columns. lam a
I in- mbt-r of the 100 th ltegt. N. V. Vol., and was
I formerly of Athens, Bradford County, and I wish
■ to give a little history of what we (our regiment)
m h-tve passed through during the last summer's eam-
I p 'igu. Last winter (one year ago) we lay in Alex-
I .mdriii, \a., and on the 27th day of April we re
*l eeivvd marching orders, and was assigned to the
| Ist Brigade, Ist Division, of Burnside's Corps, (the
| 'ttli A. ('.) We packed up and marched up the
t Orange A Alexandria railroad, we reached Warren-
J ton Junction on the first day of May. We lay
tln-re the 4th when we started toward the Rap
idaii which we reached on the stli. The most of
i, the Army of the Potomac had crossed and were en
(?§ gaged in fighting. That night we were sent on the
P flauk to prevent the army from being flanked by
I tip Rebs. In the morning we were changed to the
1 centre, the fighting had ceased for a few minutes,
I ami we were moving along left in front through the
1 thick woods, when, all at once,the enemy attacked
ur right, left and centre. We came to the front
1 ainl poured a volley into them, and charged their
■ works, but were repulsed. We immediately re-
I torun . our lines and made the second charge, and
1 si iiaething had to give way, for we went through
| '.vith bayonets fixed, yelling like so many wild lu
;jjß We took their works and quite a number of
II V'-soners. but we lost heavliy in the two charges.
V We staid there and fought till the night of the 7th,
I cLcii u. -t.uted for Spottsylvania, which we reach
-1 >a the morning of the "Jth, where we had an-
I ther buttle on the 9th. Pith, and 12th.
I r.mnot give the particulars of all the battles
1 u '' - I'- engaged in, if I did it would require a
I rem of foolscap to pen it down. We participated
1 "i tin battles of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania,
I l'. North Anna, Huiiovertuwn.Game's Farm.Beth
el i hureh. I old Harbor, Battles before Peters
burg, Weldon Road, Ream's Station, Hatcher's
" Rita, and Preeble's House.
When we left Alexandria our regiment numbered
i 1050. all told : and on the morning of the 19th day
g of June we could stack but 31 muskets; this plala
| ly shows that we have been in some pretty rough J
. phe e-w. Of course the men were not all killed, Imt
| li " most f>f them had been killed, wounded, taken
pnsoners and sick. Our regiment is now recrnit
i ip to the number of 2-9) men, and we will make
mite a show in the coming campaign. We are
••u:id to put this rebellion down or die in the at
•• nipt. Surely, who could die in a better cause ?
■' would rather die ten thousand deaths than to
hang around the Northern Lie-rooms harpingabont
e on any conditions, as some do, yes, a good
■•-my, and it it had not been lor the Northern trait
e should have seen the glorious Stars and
|| S bips floating over the United States now as they
■ years ago. 1 believe those men call themselves
*' men or Copperheads,l have forgotten which,
■ I think the latter name is the most appropriate,
' iu-y are as near like the Copperhead snake as
'"> king I tan think of now. There was quite a
| -'Culier of them visited our army last fall, before
I d'i* ntial election, using all their influence to
p soldiers to vote for men who they knew
" tr ?' iu ß to overthrow the Government. Suppose
| •' y had got their Copperhead President, the first
a He would been an armistice of six months, which
• 1 have given the rebels u chance to fortify,and
']' tkey would make some foolish compromise
them, and probably given them tbeir inde
'"li-iice, but we soldiers cannot see any su<-h
"" as that done, there has been too much blood
I ■ 1!, "1 to give the South their independence now.
' are bound to bring them back into the Union
| ( * ''"' a t of the bayonet, if nothing else will do
'hint the time is not far distant when you
' o the news of the occupation of Richmond
' tewburg by the Union troops.
di t ., ' rs re P° r t that they are in a starving cou-
must evacuate the places before long,
thi y evacuate the places they have got to
E. O. GOODRICH, Publisher.
VOLUME XXV.
tight their way out for we have got them nearly
surrounded. I think their race is nearly n.u, and
that seems to be the opinion of most of the army.
Fearing that I have trespassed already on your pa
tience, I will close.
NATHAN V. WELLER.
NEW OIL TOWN, March 10, 1865.
MR. EDITOR : —We had hoped that with the re
turn of spring, action would dispel dreams, and
labor take the plaee of loafing, Spring is with us,
and the victims are still found at the resort. The
farmer is there, and you would scarcely recognize
him, were it not for his dress. Lounging and airy
flights of imagination have given his countenance a
peculiar dreamy tinge. The old sober, business
like expression has vanished ; you notice the pale
ness of a student, the haggard look of a bankrupt,
the far off gazing of a dreamer. Big thoughts,
(and many of them), wild ravings and hopes de
fered, torture a mind previously engaged in noth
ing more than the tending of sheep and the raising
of grain.
He tries to work, but the old incentive is gone
and he seeks the store to banish conflicting
thoughts. His hi tter self tells him to throw off the
weight which is crushing his mind, hut dreams rule
liiin. At almost any hour of the day, you find him
at the resort, not thinking of the fields of intended
corn, not thinking of the prospect of wheat, but
dreaming of something greater than com or wheat,
of that which will buy the grain on a thousand
fields. What passes around him is distant, unless
it relates to oil. His dreams till his mind. Bright
flushes of joy and peace now and then, fit over his
countenance as he chases the sportive phantoms of
his diseased brain, or a deeper gloom brings hiin
to the earth when these airy beings vanish. But
fancy is ever creative and ever soaring, and new
journeys are made through more charming scenes.
Now, while the ground is ready for the furrow, he
is delighted with his wild thoughts. Now, while
the cool winds blow, his horses stand and dream
in the stables, or idle the time away at the hitcliing
post. Hot days are not coming for them, nor the
drudgery of farming for their master. Oil will dis
pel labor ; horses and people cmi take their ease.
The victim of the passive stage is there. But
there is a change. Formerly u mere observer, now
he has a voice. The fever has passed to the
ACTIVE STAGE.
But a few days of listening, of loafing, of dream
ing, and the victim begins to talk. At first his
words are few. But the power of speech raj "idly
increases and he soon talks with the eloquence
which oil alone can call forth. Soon learning the
fact, and having a fancy ready to supply needed
suppositions, he is well prepared to address
willing ears and understanding minds. And
if his speech be far from eloquent, he has little
trouble in holding an audience. Men cheerfully
sit for a whole day listening to a wild, useless oily
harangue, while an able lecture, or important ser
mon, is an inflicted burden. To please, is but to
excite their earnest sympathy.
Talking does not satisfy the sufferer. Action is
required, and to labor for oil is his highest aim.
Money is to be raised, for he must become a
stock holder. He had intended to use his money
in other ways, but that is of little account. The
repairing of fences and buildings, and the buying
of new implements, must all give way to the grea
ter demand of the present. And, when oil flows,
there will be no need of fences, barns and plows.
And the money is squandered. He lias forgotten
that cents make dollars, and dollars hundreds : he
has paseed all such small calculations. In his ar
rithmetic thousands make millions, millions bil
lions, and the calculations are performed by bnjv
rithms. The old principle he followed formerly, is
as a dream. Then it was '• little by little," now,
" thousaials by thousands. " He leaves the old, long
tried boat, economy, for the frail slab float, specu
lation.
Another step is taken. He is in the saddle and
off' over the country, through rain and mud, leas
ing farms. A small fortune is not sufficient, he
longs for all he can imagine. How he can make the
most in the shortest time, is his only thought, not
whether he would he more contented. Once happy
with the little he saved by economy and earned by
hard labor, now he madly grasps after all within
his imagined reach. Thus you find the victim ac
tive, eloquent, a stock-holder, a grasper. How
changed from the sober, businessman! Old things,
old thoughts, are lost to him ; all is oil and oil is
all. Once sober, happy and matter-of-fact; now
longing, grasping, dreaming!
We will chat about the initable stage iu our next.
J. G. H.
" WE'LL ALL MEET AGAIN IN THE MORNING." —
Such was the exclamation of a dying child
as the beautiful rays of the golden sunset
streamed on him through the window
"Good bye, Papa, good bye : Mamma has
come for me to-night. Weep not for me ;
we'll all meet again in the morning." What
consoling words to that bereaved heart!
words in the hours of loneliness, and be
comforted by them. It was as if an angel
had spoken unto him ; and how well did he
know that his beloved child had gone to
join its angel mother in the world above,
and that he had nestled on the bosom of
llim who hath saiil, " Suffer little children
to come unto me, and forbid them uot, for
of such is the kingdom of heaven."
To many who have been bereft of loved
ones, how consoling and blessed is thought
that, when all the trials and cares of this
world are over " We'll all meet again in the
morning !"
Many persons, at the present time, when
war is raging so fearfully in our land, are
called upon to part with loved ones. The
father, husband and brother leave the cheer
ful fireside and the happy family circle, to
go forth to fight their country's battles.
How great is the anguish of that parting;
for small are the chances that they will
ever again be permitted to meet their loved
ones on this earth, hut they can have the
consoling thought in all their trials and ad
versities that if they live aright they will
meet all their loved ones in the morning."
1 here is an aged man prostrated on abed
of sickness. As we look upon his pale and
emaciated countenance we know that he
will soou be clasped in the cold embrace of
death ; but every now and then his counte
nance is lighted up with a smile of peace
and joy, which shows that he is resigned to
the will of God. He calls his family (with
whom he has spent so many happy days,)
around his bedside and pours out upon
tliem his parting blessings. " Mourn not
for me," lie says, " for God willing, we'll all
meet again in the morning."
Clouds may darken our pathway here on
earth, disappointments may gather around
us, but still they cannot extinguish the hope
which lies within us, if we have this motto
1 within our hearts and upon our lips, "We'll
all meet again in the morning."
TOWANDA, BRADFORD COUNTY, PA., APRIL 6, 1865.
SHE AVAS ALL. THE WORLD TO ME.
In the sud and mournful Autumn,
With the falling of the leaf,
Deat'a, the reaper, claimed our loved one.
As the husbandman the sheaf:
Cold and dark the day we laid her
'Neath the sighing cypress tree.
For, though nothing to another,
She was all the world to me.
iu the month of song and blossom.
In the month when tender flowers
Spring from earth's maternal bosom-
Waked to life by gentle showers ;
As I wandered close beside her
'Neath the spreading greenwood tree,
Fair, I said, and radiant maiden,
You are all the world to me.
Then the rare and bright-eyed maiden.
In the month of song and flowers
Rosy-lipped*and cherry-laden
Curtained by the twilight hours-
Gave her hand into my keeping
'Neath the spreading greenwood tree ;
And she said, with eye-lids drooping,
You are all the world to me.
Bright the visions round us floated
On the quiet evening air,
For to those whose life is loving,
There is beauty everywhere.
Long we stood, yet scarcely spoke we,
'Neatli the spreading greenwood tree,
Sometimes hinting, always looking
You are all the world to nie.
But there hovered near a spirit
Darker than the bird of night,
And it touched her drooping eye-lids,
Covered up her eyes of light:
Then with careful hands we laid her
"Neath the sighing cypress tree,
And my heart with her is buried—
She was all the world to me.
Incidents of Sherman's Grand March.
CORRESPONDENCE OF THE EVENING POST.
REFIT.EES ASK LOYALISTS.
One of the most significant features of our
journey through the South has been the fre
quent prayer and entreaty of the people that
they might be permitted to join our column
and march with us to the sea, or wherever
we might go, so that they could leave this
region of despotism, anywhere out of the
South and towards the pure air of freedom
again. Uue is a mechanic, who was born
and reared in the old Granite state. He
came here four years ago as master me
chanic in a railroad machine-shop. He has
been able to avoid service in the rebel army,
because his services were necessary in the
shop. He is taken along, for his services
can be made of good use.
Here is a mother and daughter, whose
son is in the federal army. Their little
means have long since been exhausted, and
they wish to go to Conncticut, where rela
tives will gladly care for them, and where
they can get news of their son and brother.
Another is a poor Irish woman, whose hus
band has been conscripted into the rebel
army, and is now a prisoner, sick in a
northern hospital.
At Columbia there were several families
of wealth and position, who had always been
suspected of loyal proclivities. Upon our
occupation of that city it became known to
the rebel inhabitants that these people had
always assisted our prisoners, and previous
to our approach, had secreted a great many
at imminent peril. It would be impossible
to reject these generous, self-sacrificing
friends. The fire had not spared their
houses, and they were homeless, hut we
well knew that to remain after our visit
would be certain death. Up to this time
the want of transportation had necessitated
a refusal of these requests. But some of
the wagons were now empty ; then there
were a number of vehicles captured from
the enemy ; horses and mules we bring in
every day, and again, not a few of the fam
ilies asking our protection are able to fur
nish their own transportation.
General Howard was in command of the
troops at Columbia, and these unfortunates
did not appeal in vian to his generous sym
pathetic heart, which never refuses to sym
pathize with those in distress.
With the approbation of General Sher
man, General Howard at once organized an
emigrant train, which was placed under
guard of the escaped prisoners belonging to
other commands. This train lias been sep
arated, and apportioned to each division of
the Fifteenth and Seventeenth corps. They
are getting along famously. Ladies who
have been always accustomed to the refine
ments of life, seem to enjoy the journey as
much as if it were a picnic. In truth, it is
better than that; for, while they are not
exposed to the dangers of war, they par
ticipate in its excitements. The column
has a singularly outrf appearance. First,
there will he a large family coach contain
ing ladies, with their personal baggage
crowded about them ; then an army wagon
loaded with men, women and children,com
fortably seated upon such articles of house
hold truck as they are allowed to carry.—
Following this will he a country cart filled
with negro women, for the negroes come
along also, and hosts of the little curly, bul
let-headed youugsters gaze Curiously upon
the strange sights which meet their eyes.
General Hazen, whose name can never
he mentioned hut with inspiring recollec
tion of the assault of Fort McAllister, tells
me that the large number who accompany
his division are hut little trouble to him,and
that they have so quickly learned to forage
for themselves that they are no expense to
the government. Two of the escaped offi
cers, with a detachment of ten men, have
charge ol the train, which takes its assigned
place in the column ; a few tents, which
are in excess or have been captured, are
pitched when the column go into camp, and
our little colony with grateful hearts go to
their night's rest with the glad conscious
ness that they are step by step approaching
a land of civilization and freedom.
In this life, so new and strange to the
refugees, numhe i s of families become sep
arated from each other. Portions of the
army, who for days march upon separate
roads, will at one time or another come to
gether again, as at this place for example,
when three corps, which have been march
ing upon different roads, unite at Cheraw
for the purpose of crossing the river. The
REGARDLESS OF DENUNCIATION FROM ANY QUARTER.
troops and trains, although really distinct
to the initiated eye, may be mistaken for
one another. 1 have seen the negroes, es
pecially, wandering about as completely
lost as if they were in an uninhabited for
est.
A WAIF.
Yesterday, as one of General Howard's
head-quarters' wagons came into camp for
the night, a little bright-eyed mulatto girl
slipped off from the end of the tongue un
derneath the wagon, where she had been
clinging for many a long hour, while the
vehicle had made its devious journey over
rocks, into deep ruts,through mud holes and
deep creeks.
" How long have you been there ?" she
was asked.
Turning her dusty, piteous face towards
her kind interlocutor, she replied :
" I)uuno ; since morning, I spec."
" Where did you come from ?"
" Dunno ; couldn't fine mammy nor sissy
dis morning, so T joined the waggin."
The poor little waif was provided for by
General Hazen, and perhaps it will be in
finitely better for her future welfare that
she lost her "mammy and sissy" in the
inarch through South Carolina.
NEW EVOLUTIONS.
MARHI 6. —Although the left wing have
pontoons on the river at Snedsboro', only
the Fourteenth corps and Kilpatrick's cav
alry will cross at that point ; the right wing
which, in the last movement, xvas the ad
vanced column, were by reason of that fact
enabled to lay their pontoons and move
over the two corps before noon this morn
ing. To save time the Twentieth corps
have marched down, and are expected to
be in camp on the left bank by midnight.
Witb the safe transfer of the army upon
the east bank of the I'edee, there will prob
ably be a change in the formation of our
heads of column. The army was not prop
erly together until the different corps ar
rived at the Salkahatchie. From that mo
ment the form of our front was always con
cave. This tactical formation was no doubt
deemed necessary because the enemy could
or did not operate upon either flank.—
Obliged to cross several large rivers,which,
according to all military rule and prece
dent, in the presence of an active enemy,
were considered almost impassible, and
which were adopted, and with great wis
dom, by the enemy as their strongest lines
of defence, the passage was irresistibly
forced by the two points of the concave,
which were constantly thrust forward, first
upon one side and then upon the other, or
both at the same time, as General Sherman
deemed best when threatening Augusta and
Charleston
These evolutions, planned with such com
prehensive wisdom, answered their purpose
with the most perfect success, for in no in
stance did the central column meet with
serious opposition ; and while the right
wing was day by day fighting the enemy,
and suffered more in killed and wounded
than either the left centre and extreme left,
yet it was reasonable to suppose that we
should have met with resistance upon our
left flank, for we were sure that a portion
of Hood's army were in that direction.—
These remarks apply only to the infantry
of the army, and it should be clearly under
stood that General Kilpatrick's operations
upon our extreme left and front unques
tionably covered that wing of the army,
ami in addition deceived the enemy in their
fears that we were moving upon Augusta.
In looking back upon the general fea
tures of this campaign, it can be seen with
what geometrical precision this masterly
conception of a concave front has been per
fected, and its best puff is our presence
here, without loss of men or material, with
the fruits of victories in our hands realizing
the most sanguine hopes.
Tliis resume of the facts is made at the
present moment because we are entering
upon a new field, where the theatre of war
changes for the present its position, moving
from front to Hank. All information goes
to show that the rebels have been falling
back and concentrating at Charlotte, in the
belief that we were advancing upon that
place. Our movements within tiie last few
days may open their eyes to the truth, and
while the repeated lessons they have re
ceived may make them hesitate in attack
ing an exposed flank, yet the possibility
that reinforcements from the veteran troops
in Virginia may be sent to impede our
march to the sea, and the caution which is
one of the marked characteristics of Gen.
Sherman, one of them, or some other rea
son, has induced to change his front, and
the army has commenced to assume a con
vex shape in place of the opposite figure.
Moving forward thus, his column in echelon
upon the centre, he can at any moment put
more than one-half his force in line of bat
tle if attacked in Hank, and if threatened
upon his left could swing the whole army
by the right flank towards his communica
tion, and move upon his new base with his
front impregnably protected.
DESTRUCTION OK CAPTURED POWDER.
It has bothered our ordnance officers
sometimes to b<- able to destroy the powder
and fixed ammunition which we captured.
The rebels are criminally careless in the
way they leave it about, stored in all sorts
of places and in all kinds of buildings.
Either in their extreme haste they packed
it into any place that was hand}', or they
were determined to blow up the town. —
Thirty-six hundred barrels of this powder
were just outside of the town, stored in a
sort of an arsenal; but another large lot
was packed into a building near the depot,
which the rebels set on tire before we ar
rived. Trains of powder were laid from the
depot to this store, and it seems wonderful
that it was not ignited and hundreds of
lives of non-combatants lost.
As at Columbia, our efforts to destroy
this dangerous material without damage to
the people resulted in a mournful accident,
which cost us the lives of two men at least.
A part of the powder was placed in a deep
wet ravine rear the river, where all ot it
was to be deposited, and then covered
over with sand. Although it was carefully
guarded, some wicked reckless fellow man
aged to get a train in communication with
the bulk of the powder. The instant the
fire reached this sleeping monster it rose
up with a most terrible roar, shaking and
crushing to the ground several houses, and
thousands of men, in its efforts to find air
—space. For fifty rods around the ground
was blackened, the trees begrimed and bro
ken, and the hillside torn up, while boxes
of ammunition flew into fragments, and
shells ascended far in the air, bursting at
great distances from the scene of explosion. I
The danger was fearful, for more than
twenty thousand men were standing within
a quarter of a mile waiting their turn to
pass over the river.
CONVERSATION WITH CHARLESTON REFUGEES.
Last evening I had occasion to visit sev
eral families who had formerly resided at
Charleston, and fled to this place to escape
the danger of the bombardment. In the
years gone by they were the leaders of the
aristocracy of the state. First in the crime
of treason, their sons and brothers had
either been killed or were now in the rebel
armies ; the young ladies were lull of what
they called patriotism and enthusiasm for
the cause of liberty which their lovers and
friends were fighting for, although when
pressed to explain how their liberties had
ever been endangered, they were unable to
give any satisfactory answer.
The old men and women in every instance
deprecated the war ; they asked for peace
upon any terms of reconstruction. They
did not ask lor terms of peace—peace was
all they demanded. They acknowledged
the attempt at revolution to be without
cause or reason, and that they were sub
dued and beaten, without hope of recovery.
This hopeful state of subjection was not a
new experience to me, for we have met with
little of bombast and rebellious puffiuess
from the more influential and v iser portion
of the people we have seen in this state ;
but what strikes me most plainly, in my in
tercourse with these old lamilies, it the evi
dence of intellectual decay. They are not
only pas en rapporle with the age, but are
so wanting in vitality and energy as to
approach senility. In the contrast with the
soul-stirring spirit of our northern soldiers
and civilization they appear to belong to a
past day and a defunct nationality, with
only a pretence of gentility remaining to J
show that they once had made claims to be j
the leaders of society and fashion. The un- i
ceremonious usages of war shake rudely !
even the vestige of what once passed for
refined hospitality.
To a young lady who, with glowing eyes,
informed me that her brothers and cousins
were fighting in defence of the liberty of
their country, I said :
" Please tell me what country? What
do you mean by ' our country ?' "
She replied, " The South, of course; South |
Carolina."
1 continued. " Rid I not see in the old
church yard yonder several monuments of
brick without inscription, which seem to be
falling to pieces ; they are said to cover the
dust of heroes who died in the old revolution
war. Is that true?"
" Yes ; they fought under Green against
Cornwallis and Tarleton "
" What country did they die for ? In de
fence of what cause did they suffer ?"
" America, I suppose."
" You are right; and let me tell you that
you South Carolinians have no claim to the
the honored remains to those martyred he
roes. It is well that the stranger may not
know who lies there, for their fame is your
shame. To establish this grand American
nationality, these men gave their life-blood.
We are fighting* to maintain that national
ity in all its integrity."
While I do not for an instant suppose
that this black eyed rebel was convinced of
the error of her cause, she was somewhat
astonished, never having looked at the
question in that way.
AGAIN ON THE MARCH.
.MARCH ". —The army are all upon the east
bank of the Pedec, and marching upon
roads leading due east. Kilpatrick covers
the extreme left, and to-night is at Rock
inham, where yesterday evening lie came in
contact with Butler's division of Hampton's '
legion, who retreated with some loss be- 1
fore our spirited attack. The four grand i
columns of infantry are all south of Kilpat- !
rick, covering a strip of country forty miles
in width. All the corps commanders report
abundance of forage and supplies, and nu
merous streams which empty into the Pe
dee have excellent water power, with flour
mills situated at points admirably conven
ient for the army, a providential circum
stance for several divisions that have ex
hausted their stores of hard bread. Every
one of these mills has been in operation all :
day, and will not rest until this morning.—
They will grind corn enough to last a week,
when we shall have reached tide-water i
again, perhaps.
To-day has been sunny and bright ; the j
roads have been dry (in truth we have seen I
the dust rising over the moving column for j
the first time since we left Savannah); the i
gentle wind from the east ; has come to
us laden with fragrant perfume of pine and
cedar, and every one has journeyed on as
happy and contented as mortals can be,and
as glad only men have a right to be who
have plodded on so many dreary days
through the heavy mud and pitiless rain.
The refugees, and especially the negroes,
expand in this sunlight like flowers, if 1
may use such a simile when speaking of
such dusky subjects. Their exuberant
laughter may be heard for a long distance
as they journey on, sometimes in their queer
go-carts, with curious nondescript rigging,
or when pulling and sweating under a load
of blankets, pots, etc., or when, as in one
instance under my observation to-day,three
little girls were at the same time astraddle
| a patient, good-natured old mule.
NEGRO CHILDREN.
At one point on the road to-day, where
[ the column had halted for a moment, I saw
j half a dozen three-year old "picaninnies,''
I as their mothers called them, perched upon
i the top rail of a fence, and singing with all
j their might—
"l'm glad I'm in this army," A c.,
an old Sabbath school hymn, which they
repeated, all unconscious of its singular
appropriateness at the time and place.
The soldiers were delighted, and greeted
J them with shouts of approbation. "Go it,
| little one," "Bully for you, curly-head."—
"You're right there, little nig ; we'll stick
by you." &c.
CAMPING AMONG THE PINES.
To-night we went into camp in the midst
|of a magnificent grove of pines. The feet
are buried in the bed of spindles and burrs
| which have fallen undisturbed for centu
i l ies. The wind sings, or rather murmurs
—for that is the sound—through the lofty
| tree-tops, while the air is filled with the
delicious fragrance of the woods. This
evening the sun went down behind great
liars of silver and purple, although now
and then its bright rays would stream out,
throwing long* shadows across this great
#£2 per Annum, in Advance.
cathedral floor, transforming'each tree and
bough into columns and arches of glimmer
ing gold.
As I write the camp fires dance and
flare upward ; away off in the dark forest
strange, uncouth forms peer out from the
shadows, while a far off band of music,
mellowed by the distance, sounds in sooth
ing cadences the restfull tattoo. Ah ! this
is not the blood, the carnage, the suffering
of war, it is its deligntful romance.
CROSSI>*C THE NORTH CAROLINA BORDER.
LACKED HILL, N. C., March 8.
The central columns have advanced four
teen miles to-day. and, as was anticipated,
without any opposition whatever. Wheth
er or not the flanking column have seen
any rebels I do not as yet know, but it is
not probable that there is anything more
than a light cavalry force upon our extreme
left. A body of infantry are said to lie in
the neighborhood of Florence on our right,
hut they will take good care not to ap
proach within feeling distance of our col
umns. The rear I have never thought it
worth while to speak of, for we have so
frequently to cross rivers, taking along
with us the means of passage, that only a
large, well appointed army could annoy us
in that direction.
The Charlotte and Raleigh papers afford
much amusement by their lugubrious gues
ses as to where Sherman will next strike a
blow. They are all in the position of a
group of men who hear a shell hurtling
through the air, coming in their direction.
Every one thinks he is the mark fired at.—
General Hoke, commanding at Charlotte,
has issued an address to the people of the
place, assuring them that when Sherman
occupies the town he will protect citizens
and private property ; he begs them to re
main quietly at home, and trust to the gen
erosity of the conqueror. I think the peo
ple of Charlotte will do well to accept the
assurance of General Hoke until we get
there.
NORTH AND SOUTH CAROLINA.
The line which divides South from North
Carolina was passed over this morning. It
was not in our imagination alone that we
could at once see the difference between
the two states. The soil is not superior to
that near Clieraw, but the tillers, the far
mers, are a vastly different class of men.
I had always supposed that South Carolina
was agriculturally superior to its sister
state. The loud pretentions of the chival
ry had led me to believe that the scorn of
these gentlemen was induced by the inferi
ority of the people of the old North State,
and that they were little better than "dirt
eaters," while the strong Union sentiment
which has always found utterance here
should have taught me better.
The real difference between the two lies
in the fact that the plantation owners wm k
with their own hands, and do not think they
degrade themselves thereby. This degrcda
tion to the ehivalric mind was quite enough
to inspire contempt. For the first time
since we bade au rei'oir to salt water I
have to-day seen an attempt to manure
laud. The army has passed through thir
teen miles or more of splendidly managed
farms. The corn and cotton fields are
nicely ploughed and furrowed. The fences
are in capital order, the barns are well
built, the dwelling-houses are cleanly, and
there is that air of thrift which evinces
itself where the owner takes personal in
terest in the conduct of affairs.
SHERMAN'S TROOPS AMONG UNIONISTS.
The conduct of the soldiers is changed.
I have seen no evidence of plundering ;
the men keep their ranks closely, and more
remarkable yet, not a single column of fire
or smoke, which a few days ago marked
the positions of heads of column, could be
seen upon the horizon. Our men seemed
to understand that they are entering a state
which has suffered for its Union sentiment,
and whose inhabitants would gladly cm
brace the old flag again could they have
the opportunity, which, by the way, we
mean to give them, or 1 ain mistaken as to
our future campaigns.
OVERWORK. —Unwise above many is the •
man who considers every hour lost which j
is not spent in reading, writing, or in study;
and not more rational is she who thinks |
every moment of her time more lost which i
does no; find her sewing. We once heard j
a great man advise that a book of some j
kind be carried in the pocket, to be used in ,
case of an unoccupied moment—such was |
his practice. lie died early and fatuitous. j
There are women who, after a hard day's j
work, will sit and sew by candle or gas-;
light until their ej'es are almost blinded, or j
until certain pains about the shoulders
comes on, which are almost insupportable,
and are only driven to bed by a physical
incapacity to work any longer. The ssep
of the overworked, like that of those who i
do not work at all, is unsatisfying and un
refreshing, and both alike wake up in wear
iness, sadness and languor, with an inevi- '
table result, both dying prematurely. Let
no one work in pain or weariness. When
a man is tired, he ought to lie down until j
he is fully rested, when, with renovated
strength, the work will be better done,done
the sooner, and done with self-sustained |
alacrity. The tune taken from seven or ;
eight hour's sleep out of each twenty-four,is \
time not gained, but time much more than I
lost ; we can cheat ourselves, but we can
not cheat nature. A certain amount of'
food is necessary to a healthy body, and if
less than that amount be furnished, decay !
commences that very hour. It is the same :
with sleep, and any one who persists in al-I
lowing himself less than Nature requires,
will only hasten his arrival ot the mad
house or the grave.
THE CROW WITNESSES. —Luther tells a
story of a certain German who,in his trav
els, fell among thieves; and they being
about to cut his throat, the poor man es
pied a llight of crows, ond cried out, "Oh,
crows ! 1 take you for witnesses and aven
gers of my death." About two or three
days after, these thieves, drinking together
at an inn, a company of crows came and
alighted upou the top of the house. At
this the thieves began to laugh ; and, said
one of them, "Look ! yonder are they who
must avenge his death whom we lately
slew." The tapster, overhearing this, de
clared it to the magistrate, who caused
them to be apprehended ; and in conse
them of their contradictory statements and
evasive answers, urged them so far that
they confessed the truth, and received their
deserved punishment.
REHAVIOB AT TABLE. —Tt used t-> he high
caste to eat with a"?poon every tiling that
could be so eaten, except fish, which was
not made spoon-meat. Pease, pudding,
curry, custard, were all conveyed to the
mouth with a spoon The same of serving.
A lady, whose social position was dubious,
caused opinion to pronounce that she teas u
lady by helping lemon-pudding with a
spoon. Nowadays, whether fork or spoon,
or fork and spoon, you may do as you like,
provided you do it without affectation. No
where may you eat any thing with a knife.
Tt is not polite to express surprise, re
pugnance, or ridicule at the introduction
and consumption of any eatable which may
he new or unusual to your own experience.
The world is wide, and you have not yet
seen the whole of it. II invited to experi
mental repasts, such as the Prince Napol
eon's Chinese dinners, or the recent French
and German horse-flesh banquets, you
know what you have to expect beforehand,
1 and can accept or decline accordingly. Bui
if fortune unexpectedly bring you into con
tact with strange messes which others en
joy, good manners require you to tool as if
you could enjoy them if you pleased.
It is not polite, iu a private house, to
breathe in your glass and polish it with
your napkin, or to wipe your plate, knife,
fork or spoon, or, in short, to do any thing
which can imply a suspicion of the n wit
ness and cleanliness of the service. Tn ho
tels and restaurants only you have the
right, by paying for it, to take those pre
cautions.
General Grosdos, who retained many of
his army habits, was dining at a minister's
house in Paris. When a livery servant
came to fill his glass with wine, he antici
pated the movement by wiping it with all
his might and main. The hostess, fearing
that some little accideul had occurred,
signed to the valet behind her to change
the glass. The wiping process was recom
menced,and the glass immediately changed,
up to a third, and a fourth, the General,
losing temper, whispered to his neighbor,a
Senator's wife, "Does M. le Ministre mean
to make game of me, by asking me to din
ner to wipe his glasses:"
The lady, with some difficulty, got him
to understand that what might be neces
sary in a camp canteen was quite unneces
sary in a Parisian dining-room.
CIRCULATION OF Alß. —Winds are put in
horizontal motion. Their influence is most
beneficial. Were there no winds, the va
pors that rise from the sea would be re
turned back from the clouds, in showers, to
the very same places in the sea whence
they came. On an earth where no winds
blow we should neither have green pas
tures, still waters. nor running brooks. Air
is more liable to pollution and corruption
than water ; stagnation is ruinous to it.
Ceaseless motion lias been given to it ; per
petual circulation and intermingling of its
ingredients are required of it. The necess
ity of ventilation in our build ngs, the
wholesome influence of fresh air, are uni
versally acknowledged. The cry in cities
for fresh air from the mountains or the sea.
reminds us continually of the life-giving
virtues of circulation. It has been well
said that the girdling encircling air makes
the whole world akin. It is the laboratory
for the whole animal and vegetable king
doms. The carbonic acid with which our
breathing fills the air to-day, to-morrow
seeks its way round the world. The date
plants that grew round the falls ol' the Nile
will drink it in by their leaves ; the cedars
of Lebanon will take of it to add to their
stature. The oxygen we are breathing now
was distilled for us, some short time ago,
by the magnolias of the Susquehanna, and
the great trees that skirt the Amazon. By
the winds, superfluous water is carried off
and removed to other lauds, where its agen
, cy is required ; or it is treasured up, as the
material of clouds, in the crystal vault of
the firmament, the source, when the fitting
season arrives, of the showers which pro
vide for the wants of the year.
STRENGTH VERSUS SWEETNESS. —Very plain
but clever women, who are restlessly con
scious of their plainness, but decline to
adopt the attitude of humiliation, will dis
charge their impressions with a bang, like
the bolts of a cross-bow, in away that
shows they almost triumph in disregarding
the etiquettes of social suavity ; but, after
all, they are better worth talking to, and
will generally succeed more entirely in get
ting out of themselves and changing for a
| time the moral atmosphere they carry about
I with them, than those who lose half the
I singleness of their aims in the study of
! pretty attitudes, or in watching the effect
j of each drop in the healing stream of their
i conversation. Conscious beauty and a coii
j quering ease of carriage in man or woman
' ooze out in a mannerism that generally
i awakens, a sort of reactionary thirst fa
j hard, healthy hitting—just as you are apt
j to come away from the unctions moral elo
quence of the Bishop of Oxford with a
, strong resolve never again to indulge in a
sweet and persuasive manner, and a wish
I to rub oil' the impression by striking some
! one intellectually on the spot. The con-
I sciousness of a winning and persuasive
I grace, physical or moral, may be very
; pleasant ; but we suspect it is a pleasure
: that palls upon the possessor, as it certain
, ly does on the recipient of such suavities.
NUMBER 44.
BROOM CORN. —This well-known plant,
which for nearly half a century has been
one of the staples of Hampshire county, is
a native of Virginia, and had a feeble be
ginning. A stalk, imported to Philadelphia
as a curiosity some eighty years a o, was
examined by Dr. Franklin, who discovered
a single seed, and picked and planted it.—
Once propagated, the lovers of rare plants
eagerly sought it, and thus it became dis
seminated. Rev. Samuel Hopkins, D. P.,
pastor of a church in Hadley, first cultiva
ted a few stalks in his garden about 1790.
His parishoners followed his example, and
at length the discovery was made in that
town, that corn brush was better to sweep
with than the birch brooms of the Indians,
Levi Dickinson made the first brooms to
sell in that town, and at first people were
incredulous that any onecouljJ succeed in a
business which was clearly the province of
the Indian. Now Hadley is the centre of
the broom business for the whole North
eastern States, and furnishes employment
for more than one hundred and fifty men.—
Nine hundred and twenty tons of broom
brush are annually worked up there, a part
of which comes from the West. And more
than twelve hundred thousand brooms are
manufactured there, valued at about #190,-
000. The valleys of the Hudson and the
Mohawk first began to compete with this
Connecticut River business, and finally, i 1
is cultivated to some extent in Ohio and Il
linois.
A submarine torpedo was exploded 463
feet down in an oil well near Titusvillc, Pa ,
on Saturday, making the oil and water
shoot 30 feet into the air, and the earth
groan like a monster in death agonies. The
well had ceased to yield, but as soon as the
disturbance subsided oil appeared on the
surface as fast as it could be dipped oft
with a sand-pump. The theory is that the
oil veins got stopped up with paralfine,
and the torpedo blew them open again.