NEWS FROM ALL NATIONS. I
—A collision occurred Friday morning,
about 3 o'clock, on the Camden and .Vrnboy Rail- j
road, near Bristol, Pcnn., by which five persons
were killed —the fireman on one of the. engines and
four soldiers. There were about thirty others, all
soldiers, considerably injured. This afl'air hap
pened almost in sight of the place of the great dis
aster several years ago.
—Brigham Young, in his message to the
Legislature of Deseret, at the beginning of the
present session, manifests considerable anxiety to
get into the Union, and recommends that in order
to smooth the way, the laws of the Territory of
Utah be enacted and put in force by the Deseret
Legislature. He gives a glowing picture of the
moral and material prosperity of the Territory.
—The Canadian Attorney-General an
nounced in Parliament 011 Monday week, that the
Canadian Government would pass their resolutions
in favor of the Confederation as soon as possible,
ask for a vote of supplies and adjourned Parlia
ment immediately, when the members of the Gov
ernment would proceed to England to confer with
the Imperful Government, with regard to the ques
tions of defence and other important matters.
—John J. iNcks, (Union,) was elected
Mayor ofElmira Friday, by 300 majority. Theeity
went 50 the other way last November.
—Win. G. Brownlow, (Parson,) was
elected Governor of Tennessee under the new Free
State Constitution 011 Saturday week. There was
no opposition ticket. In Memphis he received 1,-
180 votes, and 110 were scattering.
—Work on the Californa end of the Pa
cific Railroad is progressing favorably, and will be
pushed more vigorously since the favorable action
of Congress.
—Owing to the long drought, the stock
of wheat in California is very light. There is
scarcely enough for seed purposes. Flour is four
teen dollars a barrel.
—'l he steamboat Tycoon lias arrived at
Memphis in charge of Custom-house officers. Her
officers are charged with contraband dealings with
parties along the river.
—AII extra session of the Arkansas Leg
islature has been called for the first Monday in
April, to consider the constitutional amendment to
abolish slavery.
—There was a fight in the Canada House
of Assembly, 011 Wednesday last. Mr. Cauchou,
a French Canadian, and Mr. Dufrcsne, another
member of the same race, being the parties con
cerned. Nobody was hurt, but the dignity of the
House suffered considerably, and strangers were
ordered to withdraw from the galleries.
—The substitute camp near Portland, Me.,
is lighted at night by about forty kerosene lamps,
which are placed on fences surrounding the quar
ters. The cost of placing these lamps, it is de
clared, was not the cost of one deserter, and by
tlieir use all attempts at desertion are easily frus
trated.
lhe districts ol I tali, Colorado and
Nebraska, have been merged into one military dis
trict, and Brigadier General P. E. Connor, recently
appointed to the command of the District of Utah,
lias been ordered to assume control of the whole ot
the new district.
—P. Gray Meek, editor of the Democratic
Watchman, the organ of the copperheads of Centre
county, was arrested a few days since in Bellefonte
on the charge of having used the columns of his
journal to encourage the ignorant and the factious
to resist the government.
—On Monday last 13 transports, with
troops from Fortress Monroe, accompanied by two
gunboats, proceeded to Fredericksburg, where the
expedition captured 95 tons of tobacco and 400
prisoners. A schooner laden with whisky and salt
was also taken.
—A guerrilla party, led by a nephew of
ex-Gov. Letcla rut A a., was, attacked and ilispcred
with a loss of 10 killed on Thursday night un the
I pper Potomac by a detachment of Union cavalry.
-Ihe Rebel Gen. Wluting, who surren
dered to Gen. Terry, at Fort Fisher, died at Gov
ernor s Island Friday. He was about forty yearsof
age.
Four hundred and fifty paroled Union
officers and 700 privates arrived at Annapolis on
Tuesday last from Rebel prisons.
—About three thousand Union prisoners,
most of them in a state of emaciation, arrived
at Annapolis Friday.
—The New Orleans Times of the 25th
ultimo, states that the assigned reason of the Em
peror Maximilian for delivering his passport to the
American Consul at Matamoras, is the lion-reeog
nition of the New Mexican Empire by the United
States Government. The Consul is reported to
have arrived at Southwest Pass.
—New Hampshire and Massachusetts
have made it a criminal offence to desecrate places
of natural curiosity, walls, fences, etc.,'with quack
ad vert isemen ts.
—The Minnesota Legislature has exten
ded the right of suffrage to negroes. The people
are yet to ratify the measure, by vote next Novem
ber.
—The coal dealers who were indicted at
Rochester by the Monroe Co., Grand Jury appear- !
cd in court and pleaded not guilty, and then gave
bail in SI,OOO each to appear at the April term for
trial.
—Mr. John Dent, brother-in-law to Gen.
Grant, who was captured more than a year ago on
flu Mississippi river, and was confined over ten
months in prison at Columbia, S. €., has just been
exchanged and arrived at Grant's headquarters last
week. Mr. Dent thinks the south very nearly
past fighting.
—Lee's army has not been paid for many
months. A correspondent of the Richmond .Sen
tinel proposes to be one of twenty-five to give
5200,000 each to make up $5.000,000 in treasury i
not* st*> pay the army in part. As these notes are i
worth two cents on the dollar, the soldiers will have 1
rather lean pay, provided the scheme succeeds.
—A terrible railway accident occurred !
on the Opelonsn (La.) Railroad 011 Friday last. A '
train having on board the 3:! d Illinois ran over a
horse, which threw eleven cars from the track, in
stantly killing tt-11 and severely wounding 39, sev
eral of whom will probably not recover.
—The boiler of Eaton A* Wood's Steam
Flouring Mill, at Woodstock, C. W., blew up on
Sunday morning last. The buildings adjacent
were completely wr> eked, the engineer, with sev
eral hands, killed, and Mr. Wood, one of the pro
prietors, slightly injured.
--Raleigh (N. ('.) papers represent that
both Unionists and Confederates are concentrating
thi ir forces, with the design of making that state
the " last ditch " of the bogus Republic.
—A few guerrillas attack* d Bradenburg |
and Elizabothtown. Ky., on Tuesday last, but were '
easily repulsed by the Union garrisons of these
posts.
—The Raleigh Progress says the Fed
erals are concentrating a force of 40.000 at New- 1
bern, to strike General Lee in conjunction with
Sherman.
—A young lady jumped from a railroad
train in England lately, to avoid an assault from a
fellow passenger, and was fined fifty cents for ;
jumping from a train while in motion.
Gov. < urtin, wo learn, has been pre-'
.•-ut' 1 .ron. v, (Savannah and Charleston by i
the preesuri. of public business.
Loth biaii.ii-(j t)i tf l<; legislature have
agreed to UTJYRXRM'L KM, the 21th tnst.
fraflW Ilfportrt.
Towanda, Thursday, March 16, 1865.
THE MONROE DOCTRINE.
The several nations of Europe have es
tablished a political system by which they
pledge themselves to repress all efforts of
the popular will to enlarge the liberty of
fhe subject,—not only is the pledge given
in regard to their own immediate subjects,
but also to help each other when help is
needed.
If a people bound down by oppression
essay to break the chain which binds them
—to strike for popular l ights, they are, at i
once, to be treated as rebels against law
and order, and reduced to a servitude more
degrading than that from which they had
striven to fee themselves.
To this system of political action the
reigning cabinets of Europe have committed
themselves ; they have solemnly sworn to
each other to make the defense of the old
and effete systems of monarchy under
which the subject has groaned from a time
to which the memory of man runneth not
to the contrary, a common cause. If a
single breast on the broad domain which
owns their sway heaves with a single as
piration for natural right, a million bayon
ets are pointed at it. If the down-trodden
slave of one tyrant tugs at his chain, the
legions of every other kingly tyrant are
pledged to his destruction. This system
at its inception was called the Holy Alli
ance—it was a baud of titled robbers, of
kingly murderers, of crowned assasins,
who in the name of law and order, rioted
on the blood, and grew fat upon the spoils
of their fellow men.
That this system was instituted for 110
other purpose hut to perpetuate kingly rule,
and to drive out of existence every princi
ple of human liberty, that it had no other
object and could have 110 other, let the his
tory of Europe for the last fifty years tell.
Let Poland tell how well it has served its
originators. Let Hungary, baptised in the
blood of its brave sons, recount its tale of
horror. Let Italy speak. There is scarce
ly an European State which has not felt its
time-worn structure of kingly rule tremble
and rock in the blast of popular indigna
tion, and 10, as if by magic, those dilapida
ted walls have been again up reared and es
tablished by foreign intervention.
By the operation of just such a system
the first BONAPARTE was destroyed, and the
antagonizing principle of which he was the
founder, broken down. The same system
would, to-day, uphold the third BONAPARTE,
in his career of tyranny were his throne in
danger from the revolt of his subjects. It
has more than once saved that gigantic in
strument of oppression, the Austrian mon
archy, from absolute ruin, when its subjects,
stung beyond longer endurance, have rais
ed the standard of revolt. This great sys
tem of wrong, whose arms reach from the
White sea to the Mediterranean, casts its
dark shadow over the British Isles, and its
iron chain binds even the English and Irish
peasant to the car of irresponsible power.
There is 110 square foot of European soil
which does not groan and languish under
its load.
How proper and natural was it, then, for
American statesmen,and for American peo
ple to congratulate themselves upon their
entire independence of European systems
and ideas. From the earliest times in the
history of our government— from the days
of WASHINGTON, we have kept aloof of all
entangling alliances with foreign States.
The Father of his country I*ll his last official
act pointed out to us the danger of foreign
influence, and warned us of the evils of
foreign diplomacy. Later yet, the last
ADAMS had an earnest desire to institute an
American policy which while it conserved
American right, was aggressive only when
attacked. With this object he favored a
congress of representatives from American
States, at Panama, charged with the inaug
uration of just such a policy. Later yet,
this feeling of enlightened American states
men culminated in what is now known as
the Monroe Doctrine, which only declares
that " the American people will not look
with favor upon any future attempt of any
European government to colonize any por
tion of American territory."
In this there is nothing aggressive—it is
a simple declaration of American views and
principles, having only a prospective and
conditioned action, and having also the
form of public announcement. It is a word
to the whole world that the whole continent
is Amerii an, and that American interests
and feelings are distinct and diverse from
European, and that while we shall not in
tervene in favor of liberty in the old world,
so we shall not suffer the old world to in
tervene in favor of despotism in the new.
This is all the most active imagination can
say or think respecting it, whether in at
tack or defence. It has never been an
nounced in an ostentatious manner, and 110
European State can show any reason why
it should not have been declared. It is
patent to all that Europe will not suffer a
colonization of American republics upon her
soil, and why not apply the same rule to
European colonization here ?
One thing is certain—the announcement
of the Monroe Doctrine has already had a
favorable effect. What foreign State has
sought to colonize the vacant and unsettled
parts'of Central America and like portions
of the South American continent ? While
we were at peace at home and abroad, no
trans-Atlantic power has had the audacity
to plant its foot upon American soil, nor
would one have had the temerity so to do
now but for our civil war. No act of a
foreign government so clearly demonstrates
the wholesome fear with which we have
been regarded, as the raid ol France upon
Mexico at a moment when our hands were
tied, and we could offer the weaker power
110 protection.
The government of the United States
from its priority of organization, from its
strength, from its enlightened constitution
and from its pure democratic spirit, has the
right to institute a foreign policy binding
in a judicious degree all other people in
habiting the Western Continent. It has
the right because the foreign policy of one
state, however weak, is connected with
the safety of all the States. No one State
may pursue a line of foreign policy detri
mental to the common good, and it follows
from this, that the power of the whole may
coerce a part. But this line of argument
is quite unimportant,—here the essential
justice and necessity of the Monroe Doct
rine never having been disputed, either
North or South.
And as we had clearly the right and the
power to declare the Monroe Doctrine an
essential feature of our foreign policy, so
the obligation to do so was imperative. We
are not living for the present alone, but the
great Future is resting upon us. The years
that are passing bear with them the high
est responsibilities a people can know. As
we have received a glorious heritage from
our fathers, so let our children receive from
theirs.
And that our age is alive to its duties let
the grand scene enacting on every side at
test. Why is the treasure expended, the
blood shed, the lives lost ? Why do our
hearts thrill for our glorious Union, if only
the present bounds our vision and we see
nothing beyond ? But we do—in the future
a great and glorious Republic meets our
sight, stretching from gulf to river, and ex
panding ocean to ocean, having one lang
uage, one law, one flag, one spirit, one life,
with a will reaching onward toward a per
fection bounded only by its capacity for
progress, and with a foreign policy which
commands the respect of the world.
THE REBELLION.
Much speculation prevails as to.the prob
able duration of the war, and the next
movement of the rebels. On both points,
of course, all is conjecture ; but they are
the all-absorbing questions of the day, and
speculation in them is looked for by most
newspaper readers. One very general im
pression is, that the rebels are making des
perate efforts to concentrate their forces,
withdrawing all detatchments of their army
from their fortifications—save those around
Richmond —and uniting them, in order to
meet and defeat SHERMAN first, and after
wards GRANT. Should they be able to ac
complish all this, they could by it, prolong
the war six months, or perhaps a year at
furtherest. This is all the good they could
possibly derive from all the successes they
now crave ; and, on the other hand, should
the rebels fail in defeating our armies, and
should ours defeat theirs, what will lie the
result? Why, in our judgment, this, that
the fourth day of July, we will be able to
celebrate restored peace, and a restored
Union. Then what are the probabilites on
both sides ? (Jan the rebels concentrate
men enough on any point in SHERMAN'S way
to defeat him ? Judging from what we can
gather from the rebel papers, of the numer
ical strength of the various detached sec
tions of the rebel army, which they propose
to unite against SHERMAN, such a result
seems to us out of the question. If the
statements of the rebel papers only proxi
mate the truth, as to the strength of this
force, they can not muster more than half
the number of SHERMAN'S present army, un
less they withdraw most of their
from Richmond, and if they do this thev
lose their capital. It is contended by some
that they will do even this rather than let
SHERMAN make his objective point, which is
supposed to be Richmond itself, because if
he does this, their cause is gone up any
how. Upon the supposition then that the
rebels will abandon their capital, in order
to prolong the contest, what will they gain,
it by it, they defeat our Southern army ?
Nothing. For the loss of Richmond in
prestige, and moral effect,will weaken them
more than two victories over SHERMAN will
gain for them. But we doubt very much
whether the whole present available rebel
force combined,can defeat SHERMAN'S almost
invincible veterans. Should they be able
to mass an army in his front one-fourth, or
even one-third larger than his, they cannot
do this thing. We can not believe that
under the many reveises of the rebels, the
discouragements, and the disheartening ef
forts, which have so overwhelmed them,
their soldiers can fight as they have done
under more favorable auspices ; whilst the
triumphs, and successes, which have every
where attended our armies, especially that
under SHERMAN, have proportionally stimu
ulated, and strengthened them. So that
we cannot see how the rebels are going to
whip SHERMAN. It does appear to us more
over, that the rebels will not again venture
on a great battle. First because they need
all the available resources they have left
to retreat with, and therefore,a victory will
be an almost unbearable loss to them. Be
sides, the chances are against them in a
general engagement, and if they lose,as we
think they must,all hope of even a success
ful retreat, is gone ; and secondly, what
will they gain by a victory ? As already
stated, it would only be a prolongation of
the end, which is inevitable, and it may re
sult in delays sufficient to lead to the ar
rest of most of the ring-leaders of the re
bellion, an event they will, in all likelihood,
struggle hard to avoid.
Summing up therefore, the pros and cons
of the case, we are led to the conviction
that the next movement of the rebels will
be out of Richmond to Lynchburg, from
thence down the Lynchburg and Knoxville
railroad to Knoxville, thence to the Missis
sippi river at the most accessible and prac
ticable point, the whole being a skedad
dling movement towards Mexico.
MEXlCO. —Advices from Mexico state that
the Imperial Government is very bitter
and unfriendly towards the United States,
having caused the arrest of, and sentenced
to a year's imprisonment, a man named
Valders for speaking favorably of this coun
try, and predicting the speedy end of the
Rebellion. Meantime the hostility of the
church party toward Maximilian is said to
be on the increase.
PRESIDENT JIDCK.
The Governor has appointed Hon. F. B.
STREETER, President Judge of this judicial
District, in place of Judge MERCUR resigned.
This appointment will be acceptable to the
people of this judicial district. Judge
STREETER is a lawyer of extensive experi-!
ence, of learning and ability, and a sound j
and reliable Union man. This latter qual- !
ifieation is one of no little importance, in j
ttmes when treason rears his head, and a 1
disloyal Judiciary seek to embarrass the !
operations of the Government. The ap
pointment of Judge STREETER is in accord
auce with the unanimous request of the best
men of the District.
SENATOR SINNER
Recently took a position on the ratifica
tion of the resolution of Congress amending
the Federal Constitution forever hereafter
prohibiting Slavery in any part of the coun
try, that has surprised some, and excited
considerable controversy. Counting all the
States, old and new, there are thirty-six in
the Union, and according to this, it will re
quire twenty-seven States to ratify the
amendment refered to, in order to make it
( a part of the Constitution. Delaware, New
! Jersey, and Kentucky, being in the hands
|of the opponents of this measure, it has j
been rejected by these, and this will leave '
probably, only twenty-six States to ratify
the amendment, one less than is necessary,
i In vieV of this, Senator SUMNER proposes
j to count only the States that now recognise
I the federal authority, which would make
> the amendment to the Constitution almost
i unanimous. It is held that duty to the
; cause of freedom demands this, and that it
j does not wrong trio States in rebellion, be
cause they voluntarily, and of their own
| accord, not only threw away the power they
had of participating in legislation, but have
i attempted to break up the government,
thereby forfeiting all rights they ever held
under it. And further, that the entire leg
islation of the country, since the withdraw
al of the rebels, has been conducted with
out any reference to the former rights of
! the rebellious States, and that if we now
recognise their rights in the ratification of
this amendment, we call in question every
| congressional enactment that has been
' placed on the statute books, and gone into
I operation, since tin? withdrawal of the sec-
I ession States. This would be against all
legislative precedent, and against reason.
! For it iias always been held that a quorum
I of a legislative body, can legally, and pro
perly do business ; and it would be unreas
' onable, if not absurd, to hold that the act
ion of this body was unlawful and improper,
because a small minority, that had abseut
■ ed itself, was absent when this action took
place.
; On the other hand, it is contended that it
does not follow that because Delaware,
I New Jersey and Kentucky, reject this
amendment now, that they will do so in the
| future ; and that it is highly probable that
J some, if not all of these .States, will adopt
i it before long : that if in three or five years
i this amendment is ratified, it will be just
! as efficacious, as if (lone now ; and that if
! it has a majority of all the States, it will be
; much better for the cause the measure was
I intended to advance, than if it is adopted
! by an expedient that may be called in ques
! tion ; that the cause can lose nothing by a
! little delay and patience, and may gain
j much ; and that in a few years at most, not
! only will Delaware, New Jersey and Ken
tucky, ratify this amendment, but many of
the now rebellious States ; that the cause
of freedom does not now really need this
measure, and that its chief purpose is to de
fend it in the future; that with the progress
of the war, and the President's proclama
tion, the bondman of the present is provid
ed for ; and therefore, shall we, in eager
haste, commit a questionable act, that is
not only not necessary, but that can be
done a great deal better at another time.
Such are the pros and eons of the re
spective sides 011 this question. For our
selves, it does not appear to be of much
moment. Either view carried out, in all
likelihood, will have very little bearing on
the question of freedom. There is however,
one objection to Mr. SUMNER'S view of the
ease, which would make us hesitate about
adopting it ; and that is, will we not admit
that the government is broken by refusing
i to count in the rebellious States, and may
j we not be setting up a bad legislative pre-
I cedent for the future, by this act? If we
| abolish Slavery now by refusing to count
j the rebellious States,may not our opponents
! when they again come into power—and this
; is possible—restore Slavery in the same
j may ? For, we must not forget that north
! eru sympathisers and southern rebels, and
i all democrats, will again join hands alter
i the suppression of the rebellion ; and that
| they will resort to every expedient to de
■ stroy the work we have begun, and espec
| iaHy that against Slavery. Is it then,wise
to set the in an example,which they may dis
tort, and do our cause infinite harm ?
It has always been argued by the rebels,
and northern copperheads as well, that the
eastern, or abolition States, were more to
blame for the war which the rebels made
oft the government, than the rebels them
selves ; and suppose, to carry out this view,
they would undertake to count out those Sta
tes,in a measure they wish to carry through
Congress? This would be a monstrous ab
ortion of Mr. SUMNER'S proposition, and
would be little less than rebellion itself;
but is that party any too good to do this,
and knowing that it is not, is it best to set
a questionable example ?
tot?* Gold at New-York opened Saturday
at 189, sold up to 191f, receded to 190, and
closed at 191f. The market was dull in
the early part of the day, but at noon be
came quite excited on rumors of military
disaster, and remained active for the bal
ance of the day with large transactions.—
There were few new operators for an ad
vance, and the market was maintained
by speculators who are carrying gold cost
ing 220. Government Bonds were a shade
lower, but were steady at quotations.
THE PETROLEUM FEVER. !
i
NEW OIL TOWN. March 3, LHFI.S.
MB. EDITOR : —Here in the south-eastern part of J
the State, we are all afflcted with a fatal malady, :
called " OHI on the Mi fever." But a few months j
ago the contagion assumed dangerous symptoms, j
yet so rapidly has it spread that all in this part of j
the country have been, and still are afflicted. In j
the progress of the disease, a most alarming fact !
has been presented, namely, the malady is in- j
curable. All remedies not merely fail, hut invuri
ably aggreixtte the sufferings of the patient. Thus |
the application of cold water, which usually brings j
relief in other fevers, is here of no avail ; the vie- !
tim, though in the coldest ice water, is burning !
with the increased and maddened flames of the
fever.
The physicians have tried all their drugs without
the least success and have given up trying even to
lessen the pangs of the sufferers. And it might be
mentioned that the doctors themselves, are now
troubled with the worst torm of the malady. With
no remedies which have the least power of abating
our sufferings, without any physicians on whom
we can depend, the malady is becoming more
alarming daily ; our condition is hopeless and ter
ible in the extreme.
Frequently we have tried to believe that the fever
had subsided a little ; but, when a building is on
fire, the blaze may appear for a short time to flash
up less madly, yet the fires are burning hotter be
low, ready to burst forth more furiously. Truly
our hopes of relief are vain, for the imagined sub
| sidenee is a prelude to a renewed burning of the
j disease, then the fever but goes below to replenish
j the fires. There are three stages of the malady,
1 the passive, the active, and the in itable.
PASSM HTAUE.
The disease is usually rapid in its advancement
: from one stage to another, so that there are few
who are now troubled with the first stage. And
: there are many who never had the first, a severe
: form commencing at once. However we will de
j scribe this stage to show how the mind of the peo
| pie are overcome by the contagion.
I The victim, perhaps, has business at the store.
I Notice him and yon will see him linger around
j merely to listen to the talk of others about oil,
| merely to hear what is the prospect. His habit of
I looking at everything as he does at dollars and
I cents, prevents him from lingering to talk : heloi
! ters but to hear. He sits down, perhaps thinking
j he will stop ouly a moment ; but his good iuten
' tions are forgotten while his ears drink i sueli
j sweet sounds, and he whiles the morning pway
j listening merely.
i To-morrow he pleads some trivial excuse for
1 going to the store again, to hear only. Thus an
; other day is wasted. He soon becomes inclined to
! while away his time. Loafing, formerly a tedious
i task, is now the delight of the day ; he loves it.
j And soon he begins to have strange dreams by
! nigbt, dreams of oil coined into dollars and eagles,
ior into the coveted greenbacks. Now the desire is
1 master. The. brain is burning with the firy fumes
'of oil. Dreams are as common now by day as by
; night. The victim dreams of fantastic palaces, of
countless wealth, of nameless luxuries.
Business calls him, but the voice is unheeded.
: For what is the little that can be coined by drndg
| ery? Is he not soon to revel in fabled wealth ? Of
| what account are a few paltry shillings ? Mere
i grains of sand or drops of water! The old Ger
| man spirit—and, to some extent, the true spir it of
; all who would succeed—of looking after the cents,
|is banished from his miud. Business, and roving,
and poverty, and drudgery, are all unknown words
to him now. "All are going to be rich in a weelc, or
month, or, ut most, a year." The steady man of
business, the man who always looked on all things
with most too much of a matter-of-fact eye, has
I now become a visionary, an idle dreamer. The in
| dustrious, the man of drudgery, the man who
! worked night and day to amass by the slow and
' sure method, expects suddenly to he the owner of
. millions. The active has become the lazy, the
: loafer, the dreamer.
Like the Spanish visionary, Lis dreams are the
: more vivid, because they are the dreams of old age.
; In youth there was the business like manner of a
i man ; imagination never took lofty flight till it be
j came giddy. But now, in old age, or in the prime
j of life, drcauis of wealth first seen, overturn rea
! son, transform anew and for the worse ; they make
j the old man a dreamy boy.
In this way the fever takes hold of its victims.
. Reason is* undermined. The brain is consuming
in oily fumes until the victim dreams and imagines
his dreams are the same old German every day re
i alities. In our next we shall jtnss to the active
stage. J. G. H.
COMMUNICA TIOX.
I Mn. EDITOR :—I am no politician, I seldom talk
| upon the subject of politics, much less write, still
| the editorial in the Bradford Argus of Feb. 1 >th, so
j surprised me that I cannot refrain from expressing
jmy views in relation to it. I commenced reading
| the article in question, but had read only a few
lines before I looked again at the title of the papeT
j to see if it was really the Argus that I had. I found
:at the head of the first page The Bradford Argus "
| in large capitals ; finding that I was not mistaken
j in the paper, I looked again to see if the article was
| not taken from a paper published in Richmond, or
I or Charleston, or from the London Times, or pcr
| haps the New York Xeics, but I could find no evi-
I dence that it was copied, at least there was no
credit given. So I read on, till I came to the seu
i tence in which the writer, who ever he may be,
! says, "we must therefore understand him" (Scw
! ard) "as saying there that the south were ready to
| abandon the war without securing the advantages
! they originally expected from it,that is, their huh -
j pendence. This is also the conclusion to which
i one* would come from reading Mr. Lincoln's report."
; After reading this I looked again to see if there was
; a Bradford Argus published some where in rebel-
I dom, but I found this one was sent out front To-
I wanda, Fa. So I gave up the idea that it could not
! have emanated from the brain of a person who re
i sides in Penn'a. But, I asked, is this the Argus j
i that was so staunch it paper for northern rights, j
| but a few months ago, the paper edited by Judge !
j Parsons and which was for bringing the rebels to
i terms tit all hazards. I looked again, and found
| that one J. DeWitt is now the editor. Who this J.
DeWitt is, I care not to ask, he says, however, that ,
lie gets nothing for his labor. My first impression
was that either he was a resident of Richmond who ;
went over into Canada with Beale and his men, and |
by some means escaped the otficers and worked j
his way to Towanda, und for the time being had j
control of Parsons' paper, and was running it for j
Jeff. Davis, from whom he receives his pay; fo r !
j certainly he does not expect that any one supposes
that he writes such editorials without pay. I fi. j
I nally concluded that he lived in Richmond and
S sent his articles on here. Now Mr. Editor what 1
sane man could come to any such conclusion as he !
! says by reading the report of Mr. Lincoln. The !
inference is irresistible that Mr. Lincoln did not!
! believe any such tiling, but on the contrary he be- |
| lieved all the time thut they would accept of no
terms but independence. The rebel papers aud i
the organ of Davis, had published time and again j
that it was useless to talk of peace upon any other ]
grounds, and every man, north or south, who reads j
Richmond papers, as I presume Mr. DeWitt does, j
; knows it.
Notwithstanding this, Mr. Lincoln consented to
see those men in order to satisfy the country that
he was anxious to have peace, if it could be had
upon right principles without more blood shed.
The writer attemps to show that the expression,
' secure peace k< the two countries," as Duvis writes
is far more patriotic than to say "peace between the
two countries," as Seward writes. My ideas of lan
guages are so dull that I must confess I cannot see
the point. If two men differ and fight, it may be,
if they ever come to a settlement of their difficul
ties, there is peace between them ; if a neighbor
steps in to stop the quarrel he tries to make peace
between the two men. Because Seward says " be
tween the two countries," and Davis "to the two'
countries," the writer decisis that " Davis is not j
quite so much of u rebel as Seward would like to
make him." He, Davis, has headed this rebellion -
from its inception, been the president of the pre
tended new nation, declared over and over and ,
over again that there should be no peace till the j
United States acknowledged that the south was in- j
dependent. He instituted measures and has car
ried them out for four years, that has cost this ,
country billions of dollars, and sent mourning,
and grief, and agony untold through the land north
and south, he has caused thousands of our
bravest men to starve and die in southern prisons;
and has done all this deliberately and with malice
afore thought; and now this editor of the Brad,
ford Argus concludes that he is not so much of a
rebel as Seward would like to have him.
If he is a rebel at all 1 do not see how it is poss
ible for him to be a worse one, more black hearted, j
From the way he is spoken of in the article it is i
fair to suppose that the writer does not think that j
he is a rebel, but only fighting for southern rights, !
which means southern independence. The writer '
again asks, " Why was this mission a failure?" and j
adds, " there can be but one answer to this, Mr. !
Lincoln did not desire peace and union." "The
conduct of Mr. Lincoln is but another act in the 1
great game which he says we are playing." It is :
easy to make assertions like this,, but I now thai- '
lenge the writer of this article to point out a word,
or act in this whole affair in which Mr. Lincoln i
gave the least evidence that lie was not sincere and !
did not desire peace and union ;he did say and has :
always said he would have union and peace to
gether. Let every one read carefully every word i
that he wrote or spoke, so for as we have the record
of what he said, and every telegram he sent, and
if he can honestly suyjthut his acts and words did not
indicate a desire to "secure peace to the people of j
our common country," and union witlf that peace, j
he must be more warped by political prejudice than
I think any loyal man can be.
Again, another question, "every drop of blood
that is hereafter shed in this e< inflict must be upon
Mr. Lincoln's skirts." If that sentence was not j
written in Richmond, the man who could write
and through a newspaper send it abroad in this ;
country at this particular time, ought to be sent
there. Once more, "If the great crime of seces
sion is to he consummated, upon Mr. Lincoln must i
be the guilt." Why, if this vriter resides either
North or South, ho belongs to a party, which at
least pretends to believe that secession is not a
crime, that a State has a right to secede whenever
it pleases, that there is no power in the constitu
tion to coerce a State hack into the Union, that
State rights override all other authority.
Can ii le possible, that a paper published in
Bradford county that will send forth such articles,
can be supported by the reading men of the coun
ty in either party ? If it can, any great length of
time, the intelligence of the citizens of the coun
try, and their loyalty, must have been over estima
ted. COH'MBUS.
A LAST CALL TO DESERTERS.
lty Tin■ ]'resident of the lulled Stoles of Amerito.
A PROCLAMATION.
Whereas the twenty-first section of the
Act of Congress approved on the 3d inst.,
entitled "An Act to amend the several acts
heretofore passed to provide for the enrol
' ling and calling out the National forces
and for other purposes," requires that in
addition to the other lawful penalties of the
crime of desertion from the military or
naval service, "all persons who have dest-r
--■ ted the military or naval service ,of the
United States, who shall not return to said
service or report themselves to a l'ruvost-
Marshal within 00 days after the proclama
( tion hereinafter mentioned shall be deemed
and taken to have voluntarily relinquished
• and forfeited their rights to become citizens,
and such deserters shall be forever incapa
ble of holding any office of trust or profit
under the I nited Mates, or of exercising
any rights of citizens thereof, and all per
sons who shall hereafter desert the military
or naval service, and ah persons who being
duly enrolled shall depart the jurisdiction
of the District in which he is enrolled, or
go beyond the United States with intent to
avoid any draft into the military or naval
service duly ordered shall be liable to the
penalties of this section ; and the Presi
dent is hereby authorized and required
forthwith, on the passage of this act, to
issue his proclamation setting forth the
provisions of this section, in which procla
mation the President is requested to notify
all deserters returning within sixty days
as aforesaid that they shall be pardoned on
condition of returning to their regiments
and companies, or to such other organiza
tions as they may be assigned to,until they
shall have served for a period of time
equal to their original term of enlistment.
Vow, therefore,be it known, that I, Abra-
I ham Lincoln, President of the United States,
| do issue this, my proclamation, as required
! by said act, ordering and requiring all de-
I sorters to return to their proper posts; and
I do lie re by notify them, that all deserters
who shall, within 00 days from the date of
| this proclamation, viz: on or before the 10th
day of May, 1805, return to service, or rc
! port themselves to a Provost Marshal,
I shall be pardoned, on condition that they
; return to their regiments and companies, or
i to such other organizations as they may be
j assigned to, and serve the remainder of
their original terms of enlistment, and in
i addition thereto a period equal to the time
| lost bv desertion.
In testimony whereof, 1 have hereunto
j set my hand and seal of the United States
j to be affixed.
Done at the City of Washington this 11th
day of March, in the year of our Lord 1865,
j and of the independence of the United
I States the eighty-ninth.
ABRAHAM LINCOLN.
j By the President:
WILLIAM H. SEWARD. Secretary of State.
EXCHANGE OF PRISONERS. —It will gladden
many a heart, here in the North, to know
that the exchange of prisoners is taking
place as rapidly as possible. Both our
; own and the rebel authorities are working
j together. The recent freshet on the James
• interrupted the exchange at Marina for two
| or three days, but now the waters have
i abated, and the llag-of-truct steamers are
i receiving our suffering men from Libbv,aud
' covering the Richmond wharves with the
1 gray-clad equivalent. Wilmington, since <
i its capture, has been made an entrepot for
j exchange, and the rebel papers announce
that up to Wednesday last eight thousand
had been sent to that city. The prison-pens
at Florence, Salisbury, and other places,are
| fast losing their starving occupants, not by
death, but by oft-sighed for liberation.
I PAYMENTS TO FAMILIES or PRISONERS. —AN
official circular from Acting Paymaster
; General Price announces that, in conse
quuee of the general exchange of prisoners
! of war now going on, payments to families
of prisoners will be suspended until further
orders. This is done to avoid inadvertant
double payments.
Hon. John A. J. Cress well, has
been nominated for the United States Sen
atorship from Maryland, made vacant by
the death of Gov. Hicks.
LATEST WAR NEWS
IMPORTANT FROM NORTH CAROIiv |
—A BATTLE REPORTED. '
WASHINGTON, Murc-h 12, lm„r
The Richmond Examiner of Friday co
tains the following dispatch from Gen. L
giving the particulars of a battle near K
ston, North Carolina, between Gen. Bra,
of the Confederate army, and the Unj.'
forces which moved from Newborn to n i( .,
Sherman in the direction of Goldsboroig,
HEAI>QI*AKTEU.S, etc., March 0
Hon. J. C. BRECKINRIDGE, (Secretory of fy
Gen. Bragg reports that he attacked ti,.
enemy yesterday, four miles in front
Kinston, and drove him from his positi
He disputed the ground obstinately, j i:
: took up a new line three miles from U
| first. We captured three pieces of artilb •
| and 1,500 prisoners. The number of tl."
I enemy dead and wounded left on the li
is large. Ours comparateivly small. T:
; troops behaved most handsomely, and .1!
■ jor-Gens. Hill and Hoke, exhibited tin
1 usual zeal and energy. R. E. LEE.
Kinston, near which the fight occurred
situated on the direct route from Gulj,
borough to Newborn, and is about twee
miles cast of Goldsborough and ah ,
| thirty from Newborn.
It is supposed that this force of the ei.
my was advancing from Newborn again..
Goldsborough for the purpose of cuttii.
the railroad at that point. It is not pr.
able, after this repulse, that the enemy w
attempt to advance, and it is likely we sL.
| next hear of them falling back on NewWr
i or changing their course to some otl.
point of the compass. This movement
the enemy was evidently designed t .
cooperative with Sherman,and in this lig
and in this juncture, it may be of gn
j value to us in embarrassing the moverner•
of Sherman.
NEWS FROM SHERMAN.
By the arrival of the Dudley Buek.ujj,
' left Newbern on Monday afternoon, the •
inst., at 4 o'clock, we learn that up to
i urday night, the 4th inst., warm show,
I had been falling for a week, which L
! made the roads bad. It cleared uli
j Saturday night, and when the Dudley B
; left there was promise of good weather-
I The soil being sandy,the reads will ho ha
and good in a few days. The eneinv i :
| felled great numbers of trees across;
roads and paths leading from New hen.
■ Kinston, which were being removed Iv •
force advancing from Newbern which ! :
• | was within a short distance of Kins:
when the Dudley Buck left.
Refugees who arrived in Newbern
stated that Fayt-tteville, N. C., was in
possession last week, and that Sht-n:.
j was within 40 miles of Raleigh ; that •
Rebel soldiers were deserting in compa:.
. and in some cases by regiments ; that::
, | of them were retiring to their homes : •
; the people pay but little heed to the pr
matiori of Gov. Vance calling them ton
< and that in most places in North Car
i the people go forth to meet Sherman
words of welcome, and are not parti,
about placing their stock and supplies
. of his reach.
Many of the inhabitants of Wo
1 North Carolina were on their way to
. | their relatives and friends in Sherman'-
. my from the Western States. Their w.
1 ! oiis were well stored with provisions. nar
| wines, and such other comforts as -
man's Union visitors will relish.
. j From the tone ol the Raleigh paj
t with the exception of The Cvnfedtn
,- i would seem as though 110 one couli
. ; the hardihood to entertain a hope for
• success of the Confederacy.
r j The Progress says that Sherman will -
i be in possession of Raleigh, and wih
■ - wherever lie desires.
, 1 Quite a panic prevails among the ing
1 in North Carol.na since the announce:..-:
. : that they arc to be conscripted to Jig:.'
. i the Rebel army. The Rebels are now p
1 ering them up for this purpose. A st:
) combination exists among the coiiserv c
, slaveholders to resist this measure, son.-
. whom are arming their slaves in order
• 1 they may be able to defy the Rebel ant!
i j itics, and thus retain their servants,wb
! hibit a readiness to fight for their ma-:
; and their homes, rather than to fight for:
. Rebel Confederacy.
•: Great numbers of negroes arellockii..
Sherman's army, says The Progress, T.
| the assistance of their masters, with
. promise that they will return and work
r wages as soon as it will be safe for them
| do so. This gives the negro question
. interesting aspect. It will not delay -
man's movements, however.
RAID ON FREDERICKSBURG—b!
TURE OF 8380,000 WORTH OK TO IB
CO AND 400 PRISONERS.
PHILADELPHIA, Friday, March 10, 1W
A special dispatch to The. Evening T>
graph, from Washington, to-day (lOth.sa
■'The Star says : On Monday last,::
teen transports with troops from Fortre-
Monroe, accompanied by the gunboats 0-
modore Red and Yankee, proceeded u| '
Rappahannock on a raid, the principal
jeet being the capture of a large quant::
of tobacco known to have been sent ir
Richmond to Fredericksburg to be sin -
gled iuto our lines. On its way the ex;
dition proceeded cautiously, and the -
boats scoured the river thoroughly for:
pedoes. A schooner bound up, with a car:
of whisky and salt, was first captured
the Read-, and the crew and cargo were
moved and the schooner blown up by t
Read. On arriving at Fredericksburg
was to be garrisoned by a squad of ReK'
who, however, made no resistance. AK>
of troops and sailors were landed, who st
ceeded in capturing the tobacco. It w
manufactured tobacco, amounting to nr.
ty-five tuns, and is estimated to be w '
$380,000. The country about Frederick
burg was scoured pretty effectually, a:
during the raid over 400 prisoners wt
taken An extensive contraband trade
been organized by the Rebels on the K
pahanuuck, and this expedition was dol
ed to break it up. As the vessels pa
down the river on their return, numbers
deserters came off' from the shores, eig
of whom were from the 24th Virgigia 1 "
airy."
EXPEDITION TO FLORIDA.
PHILADELPHIA. March "
The Bulletin says the United State
steamship Bermuda, from the East fit
blockading squadron, has arrived at t
navy-yard. She was due here Monday n
ternoon, but in consequence of rough west
er and breaking some machinery off UeO* 1
Keys, she was delayed. She reports,
the 24th of February, an expedition, uut
command of Brigadier General N'ewto
consisting of all the troops, both blacka:
white, stationed at Key West, and theg| 1,
boats Honduras, Britannia, and Magm' 1
under command of the captain of the g ll,
boat Ilendrick Hudson, started for the im
pose of capturing St. Marks. The res
et' the expedition had not been heard at t
time the Bermuda sailed. She brings t'-
hundred sick and wounded sailors ami s •
j diers.