0:I£ DOLLAR AND FIFTY CENTS PER ANNUM INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE.
TOWANDA :
Thursday Morning, February 26, 1863.
fskefet) |3 odr]i.
CONTRADICTIONS.
I kuow a man of generous heart
Who freely doth his wealth impart
To man or dog ;
He often pays a neighbor's debt
And gives him cash and food—and yet
K They call him " Hoc.''
There lives just opposite me
A youth who measures six feet three
And still doth grow ;
'lis queer that one who is so high,
And lifts his head so near the sky,
Should L>e called " Low."
O n =nnnv days I often meet,
Slow tottering along the street,
The crowd among,
in aged man, who scarce can walk ;
Paralysis has stopp- l his talk,
And yet he's " YOUNG.' 1
See yon poor wretch, with hook and bag
Who careful doth each gutter drag,
And every ditch ;
A scrap of paper, rusty nail,
To gather he doth seldom fail,
Thattellow's" RICH."
My butcher weighs some twenty stone,
A mass ol muscle, tlesh and boue ;
Ib.bust and tall.
A solid lump of human clay,
Yet our " directory" doth say,
That he is " SMALL."
A burglar who, the other night,
By robberies did sadly flight
Our neighborhood,
Deserves to meet a felons late,
Although the dailcy papers states
That he is " GOOD."
A man who, never since his youth,
Was ever known to speak the truth,
One time 1 knew ;
No. ae his strongest oath would heed ;
Hut still iiis neighbors all agreed
That he- was " TKUE.
Of ui'l the men I ever saw,
lu trade, politics, or law rf
The smartest one
Lives in York ; and every bet,
Or other risk, he wins ; and yet,
He's always " DUNN."
HI is 11 113 10 US .
"THE OCEAN DEPTHS.
A DIVER'S TALE.
The life of one who explores the mysteries
ef the sea, is not more perilous than lascina
liiig. The charm of terror hangs around it,
and the interminable succession for exciting
events render it dear to its professor. Not to
the couiui m diver of the E tst.who can remain
tat for a fraction of lime beneath the
and grope fearfully among rugged occeau
mojnds, bat to the adept iu the civilized mode
ot diving, who, in his protective armor, may
remiiu submerged tor hours, and wander, wi h
iuijiunitv, for utiles along those unknown re
pons fa below the sea. To him are laid open
the horrors of the watery creation, sud he
tntv g.ize upon such scenes as Arabian story
teiis us were presented to the fearful eyes ol
Abdullah. To him the most thrilling occur
rences ot iLie upper world seem frivolous ; for,
tub;- me iiorv, he retains thoughts that may
well chill the soul wiih dread.
1 am a diver—a diver from choice-*-and I
sa proud of my profession. Where is such
courage required as is needed here? It is
nothing to be a soldier : a diver,however—but
1 forbear. I will tell my story, and leave
others to judge concerning it
AD appalling sh pwreck occured, not long
ago, upon the wildest part of the coast of New
foundland. The tidings of this calamity reach
cd the ears of thousands; but, amid the crowd
of accidents which followed iu quick succes
sion, it was soou forgotten. Not by us, how
"er. We found that the vessel had sunk upon
a spot where the water's depth was by no
sescs neat, and that a daring aia.n might
easily reach her.
Bbe was a steamer called Marmion.and had
Wn seen going suddenly down, without an
b'ant s warniug, by some fLherraen near by.
hud, undoubtedly, struck a hidden rock,
tod had thus been, iu one moment, destroyed.
I spoke to my associates of the plat), and
they approved it. No Lime was lost iu making
the Decessiry preparations, and a short time
beheld us embarked iu our schooner for the
: ' 3 nken ship. There were 6ix of us, and we
•tticipated extaordiuary sucess.
1 was the leader, and generally ventured
: pon any exploit in which there was uncora-
Endanger. Not that the others were cow
i:ds ;on the contrary, they were all brave
but I was gifted with a coolness and a
Pfpsouee of mind o: wnich the others were
destitute. As two persons were needed, in
t'fder to explore the Marraion, I had selected
to my companion a young fellow, whose stead
'•-ess and dauntless courage had several times
Ctiore been fearfu ly lestcd.
It was a calm and pleasant day, but the
■°ntbern and eastern horizon looked deceitlul.
Yaall, suspicious clouds were gathered there,
hi of aspect, and " sneaking fellows, regular
haog-dog fellows," as my comrade Rimmer,
Marked to me. Nevertheless, we were not
be pm off by a little cloudiness in the sky,
boldly prepared to venture.
, So deep was the water, that no vestige of a
BQ, .P'B wast remained above the surface, to
out the resting place of the Marmion.—
c e were compelled, therefore, to select the
-'- ene of operations according to the best of
° ar ability. Down went the sails of our schoon
at >d Rimmer and I put on our diving armor,
"e fixed on our helmets tightly, and screwed
0D tbe hose. One by one each clumsy article
Was adjusted. The weights were bung, and
tol we Were reai j v
THE BRADFORD REPORTER.
"It looks terrible blackish, Berton," said
Rimmer to me.
" Oh," I replied) gaily, " It's only a little
mist—--all right I"
"Ah 1" He ottered a low exclamation
which sounded hollow from his caYernour
helmet.
" All ready," I cried, in loud voice, which
they, however, could not easily distinguish.—
Then, makiug a proper sigu, I was swuQg over
the side.
Down we went, I first, and Rimmer close
behiud me. It did Dot take a long time for Us
to reach bottom. We found ourselves upon
whit seemed a broad plain,sloping downward,
toward the south, and rising slightly, toward
the north. Looking forward then, a dim,black
object arose, which our experienced eyes knew
to be a lofty rock.
1 motioned to Rimmer that we should pro
ceed there.
1 cannot tell the strangeness of the sensa
tion felt by one who first walks the bottom of
the sea.
There are a thousand objects.fitted to excite
astonishment, even in the mind of him who has
dared the deed a hundred times. All around
us lay the plain, covered by water ; but here
the eye could not pierce far away, as in the
upper air, for the water, in the distance, grew
opaque, aud seemded to fade away into misty
darkuess. There was no souud, except the in
cessant gurgle which was produced by the
escape of air from the breast valve, and the
plash caused by our passage through the wa
ters. We walked on at a good pace ; for this
armor, which seems so clumsy up above, is
excellent below, and offers Utile inconvenience
to the practiced wearer.
Fishes in crowds were around ns. Fishes of
every shape and size met our eyes, no matter
where they turned. They swam swiltly by us;
they sported in the water abover us; they raced
and chased one ucotiier, iu every direction.—
Here a shcal of porpoises tumbled along in
clumsy gambols, there a grampus might be
seen rising slowly to the surface ; here an im
metise number of smaller ti-h Hashed past us,
there some huge ones, with ponderous fpruis,
floated in the water lazily. Sometimes -
or four placed themselves directly before us,
solemnly" working their gills. There they
would remain, till we come close up to them,
and then, with a start, they would dart away.
All this time we were walking ouv ard,along
the bottogi of the sea, while above us, like a
black cloud in the sky, we could see our boat
slowlv moving onward upon the surface of the
water. And now, not more than a hundred
yards before us, we could see the towering
form of that ebouy rock which had at first
greeted our eyes from afar. As yet,we could
not be certuiu that this wus the place where
the Marmion had struck. But soon a round,
black object became discernible as we glanced
at the rocky base.
Ilin tn r struck my arm, and pointed. I
signed assent, and we fbovtd ouwaid more
quicly.
A few moments elapse ; we 1 al came near
er to the rock. The olaek object now looked
like the stern of a vessel whose hull lay there
Suddenly, Rimmer struck nte again, aud
pointed upward. Following the direction o
his hand,l looked up,and saw the upper surfac
of the water all foamy and in motion. Then
was a momeutarv thrill through tuy heart,but
it passed over. We were in a dangerous con
dition. A storm coming on !
But should we turn back now, when w<
wire so near the object of our search? A
ready it lay before us. We were close besid
it. No, I would not. 1 signalized to Rimmei
to go forward, and we still kept our couise.
Now the rock rose up before us, black, rug
ged. dismal. Its rcu;h sides were worn by
the action of the water, und iu some places,
were covered by murine plants, and n uneless
ocean vegetation. We passed onward,we clam
bereJ over a spur, which jutted from the cliff,
und there 1 iy the steamer.
The Marmion—there she lay upright, with
everything still standing- She had gone righ:
dowu and had settled in such a position,
among the rocks, that sbelay as at her whurl
e ashed eagerly along and clambeiel up
her side. There was a low moan in the water
which sßinded warningly in our ears, and
told us of a swift-approaching danger. What
was to I.e done, must be done speedily. We
hur ed forward. Rimmer rushed to the cabin.
1 went forward, to descend into the bold. 1
descended the ladder. I walked iuto the engi
neer's room. All was empty here, all a
water. The waves of the ocean had entered,
aud were spirting with works of man. 1 went
into the freight-room. Suddenly, I was star
tied by au appalling noise upou the deck. —
The biavy footsteps ot some oue running, a?-
though in mortal fear, or most dreadful haste,
sounded in my ears. Then my heart throbbed
wildly ; for it was a fearful thing to bear, far
dowu iu the silent depths of the ocean.
Pshaw ! it's only Rimmer.
I hurriedly ascended the deck by the first
outlet that appeared. When I speak of'hurry,
I speak of the quickest movement possible,
when cumbered with so much armor. But
this movement of mine was quick ; I rushed
upwards ; 1 sprang out ou the deck.
It was Rimmer !
lie stepped forward and clutched my arm
He pressed it vvitb a convulsive grasp, aud
poiuttd to the cabin.
I attempted to go there.
He stamped his foot, and tried to bold me
back. He pointed to the boat, aud implored
me, with frantic gestures; to go up.
It is appalling to witness the horror struck
soul trying to express itself by signs. It is
awful to see these signs when no face is plain
ly visible, and no voice is heard. I could not
see his face plainly, but his eyes, through his
heavy mask, glowed like coals of fire.
" 1 will go 1" I exclaimed. I sprang from
him, He clasped his hands together, but da
red not follow.
Good heavens! I thought, what fearful thing
is here ? What sceue can be so dreadful as to
paralyze the soul of practiced diver. I will
see for myself.
I walked forward. I came to the cabin door,
PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY AT TOWANDA, BRADFORD COUNTY, PA., BY E. 0. GOODRICH.
I entered the forward saloon.bat saw nothing.
A feeling of contempt came to me. Rimmer
shall not come with me again, I thonght. Yet
I was awe-struck. Down in the depths of the
sea there is only silence—oh, how solemn ! 1
paced the .long saloon, which had echoed with
the shrieks of the drowning passengers. Ah!
there are thoughts which sometimes fill the
soul, which are only felt by those to whom
scenes of sublimity are familar. Thus think
ing, I walked to the after-cabin and entered —
Oh, God of heaven !
Had not my hand clenched the door with a
grasp which mortal terror had made convul
sive I should have fallen to the floor. I stood
nailed to the spot. For there before me stood
a crowd of people—men and women—caught
in the last death struggle by the overwhelming
waters, and fastened to the spot, each iu the
position in which death bad found him. Each
one had sprung fiom his chair at the shock of
the sinking ship, and, with one common emo
tion, all had started for the door But the
waters of the sea had been too swift for them.
Lo ! then—some wildly graspiDg the table
others the beams, others the sides of the cabin
—there they all stood. Near the door was a
crowd of people, heaped upon one another—
some on the floor, others rushing over them—
all seeking, madlv, to gain the outlet. There
was one who sought to clamber ever the table,
and still was there,holding on to au iron post.
So strong was each convulsive grasp, so fi'-rce
the struggle of each with death,that their hold
had not yet been relaxed ; but each oue stood
and looked franticallv to the door.
To the door—good God! To me,to me they
were looking ! They were glancing at me,all
those dreadful, those terrible eyes 1 Eyes iu
which the fire of life had been displaced by
the chilling gleam of death. Eyes which still
glared, like the eyes of the maniac, with no
expression. They froze me with their cold and
icy stare. They had no meaning; for the soul
had gone. And this made it still more horri
ble than it could have been iu life ; for the ap
palling contortion of their faces, expressing
i'ear, horror, despair, and whatever else the
human soul may feel, contracting with the
cold cud glassy eyes, made their vacancy yet
more fearful. He upon the table seemed more
fiendish tliaa the others ; for his IGIUT, black
hair was disheveled, and floated horribly down
—and his beard aud mustache, all loosened by
the Wuter, gave him the grimuessof a demou.
Oh, what woe aud torture 1 what unutterable
agonies appeared iu the despairing glance of
those faces —faces twisted into spasmodic con
lortions,while the souls that lighted them were
writhing and struggling for life.
1 heeded not ths dangerous sea which, even
when we touched the steamer, had slightly
rolled. Down iu these awful depths the swell
would not be very strong, unless it should in
crease with ten fold fury above. But it had
been increasing, though I had not noticed it,
and the motion of the water began to be felt
in these abysses. Suddenly the steamer was
shaken and rocked by the swell.
At this tiie hideous forms were shaken aud
iel). The heaps of people rolled asunder That
lemon on the table s.-euied to make a spring
directly toward me. I fled, shrieking—all
were after me, I thought. 1 rushed out, with
io purpose but to escape. 1 sought to throw
iff' my weights and rise.
My weights could not be loosened —I pulled
at them with frantic exertions, but could not
oosen them. The iron fastenings had grown
stiff". One of them I wrested off in my con
vulsive efforts,but the o'ber still kept me down.
The tube, a so, was lying down still iu my pas-
Mig way tl rough the machine rooms. 1 did
nut know this until I had exhausted my
strength, end almost my hope, in vain efforts
L-> loosen the weight, and still the horror of
ihat scene in the eabiu rested upon me.
Where was Rimmer? The thought flashed
across me. He was not here. He had re
;urned. Two weights lay near, which seemed
thrown off in terrible haste. Yes, Rimmer had
gone. 1 looked up; there lay the boat,tossing
aud rolling among the waves.
I rushed down into the machine-room to go
back, so as to looseu my tube. 1 had gone
through passages carelessly,and this lay there
tor it was unrolled from above as I weut on. I
veut back iu haste to extricate mysell; I could
stay here no longer ;for if all the gold of Gol
couda was in the vessel, I would not stay in
company with the dreadful dead 1
Buck—fear lent wings to my feet. 1 hurried
down the stairs, into the lower-hold once more
aud retraced my steps through the passages
below. 1 walked baek to the place into which
I had first descended. It was dark; and anew
feeliDg of horror shot through me ; I looked
up. The aperture was closed!
Heavens ! was it closed by mortal hand ?
Had Rimmer, in his panic flight, bliudly
throwu down the trap-door, which I now re
membered to have seen open wheu I descend
ed ? or had some fearfid being from the cabin
hat c e non who sprung towards ?
I started back in terror.
But I could uot wait here ; I must go ; I
must escape from thisdeuor horrors. I sprang
up the ladder, and tried to raise the door. It
resisted my efforts; I put my helmeted head
against it, and tried to raise it ; the rung of
the ladder broke beneath me,but the door was
not raised; my tube came down through it and
kept it partly open,for it w£s a strong tube,and
kept strongly expanded by close wound wire.
I seized a bar of iron,and tried to pry it up;
1 raised it slightly,but there was no way to get
it up farther. I looked around and found some
blocks ; with these I raised the heavy door,
little by little,placing a block in, to keep what
1 had gaiued But the work was slow,and la
borious, and I had worked a long while before
I had it raised four inches.
The sea rolled more and more. The sub
merged vessel felt its power, and rocked. Sud
denly it wheeled over, and lay upon its side.
1 ran aronnd to get on the deck above,to try
and lift up the door. But when I came to the
other outlet, I kuew it was impossible; for the
table would not permit me to go so far, and
then I would rather have died a thousaud
deaths than have ventured again so near the
cabin.
"REGARDLESS OF DENUNCIATION FROM ANY QUARTER."
I returned to the fallen door; I sat down in
despair and waited for death I saw no hope
of escape. This then, was to be my end.
But the steamer gave a sudden lnrcb, again
acted upon by the power of the waves. She ■
had been balanced upon a rock, in such away
that a slight action of the water was sufficient '
to tip her over. I
She creaked, and groaned, and lsbored, and i
then turned upon her side.
I rose ; I clung to the ladder; I pre3sedthe ;
trap door open, while the steamer lay with her
deck perpendicnlar to the ground. I sprang
out,and touched the bottom of the sea. It was
in good time ; for a moment after, the mass I
went over back again.
TbeD, with a last effort, I twisted the iron
fastening of the weight which kept me down ;
I jerked it. It was loosed, it broke, it fell. In
a moment I began to ascend,and in a few min
utes I was floating on the water —for the air
which is pressed down for the diver's consump
tion constitutes a buoyant mass, which raises
him up from the sea.
Thanks to heaven ! There was the strong
boat, with my bold, bravo men ! They felt me
rising ; they saw me, aud came and saved me. ;
Rimmer had fled from the horrid scene when j
I entered the cabin, but remained in the beat j
to lend his aid. He never went down again, i
but became a sea captain. As for me, I still
go down, but ODly to vessels whose crews have
been saved.
It is needless to say that the Marmion was ,
never again visited.
A Romance of the War.
The public knows little really of the ro
mance of the war. Probably no man in this
war has lived through as many excitining and 1
desperate adventures as Captain Carpenter, j
the leader of the " Jessie Scouts." He was j
originally one of John Brown's men, and par- t
ticipated in the attack on Harper's Ferry ; j
where he escaped by crawling through a long
culvert which led fiom the famous engine j
house to the river.
" Did you ever see Price ?" he was asked.
He replied. " Several times. Once he drove
a team in Price's army two days, at the end
of which time, unluckily, the team and wagon,
and a uegro who happened to be in it, ran
away ; and never slopped till we got into our
own lines 1" Once he rode down to the rebel
pickets at Wilson's creek, dressed us a woman
to deliver a letter to a suppositious brother in
Price's army. He bears witness to the polite
ness of the rebel officers who escorted the lady
half way back to our lines. This trip was
made becau-e the " General " wauted to know
precisely the position of a part of the rebel
iines.
Alter the surrender of Lexington, General
Fremont suspected that the telegraph opera
tors between Hanibal aid St Joseph were dis
loyal aud had given information to the enemy,
aud was oidered to make an investigation.—
The fact was, however, that the rebels had
"tapped" the wire. A woman in St. Louis
told him so, and there was a rebel spy i,
town. He was to take her lo the theater
tlmt eveuin g
The Captain says : " I told her I would
give her fifty dollars if she would say, when
he came, that she was sick and could not go.
She agreed, and I arranged that she should
introduce me to him as a rebel spy from Pil
low's camp, which she did. I immediately
gained his confidence. M e drank w:ue to
gether, and the 100 l told me every thing.—
Soou he left the city and 1 took one of my
men with me and off we started after him.
We found him on the Grand river, uear the
railroad, just where he had said He had a
hut in the brush, where the telegraphing oper
ations were carritd on. There were two men,
my mau and another. We crept up to them,
and on a survey, came to the conclusion that
we might uot be able to capture them, and
the best way to shoot them. I shot my mau,
but Hale only wounded his. We rushed up
lie made a fight. 1 had lo dispatch him with
my pistol. We got the telegraph instrument
with twenty two nuudred feet of silk wire, two
horses, blankets aud sixty five dollars in
money.
1 went into Price' 3 camp when Mulligan
was at Lexington. 1 had a double barreled
shot gun with both locks brokqn, and rode
into the camp with Dumbers of country peo
ple who were flocking to join Price. 1 rode
around freely, talking secession, aud very soon
saw how tbiugs were going. I could plainly
see Mulligan vva9 in a tight place,and 1 start
ed off to St. Louis as 60ou as possible, and
gave the information that Mulligan must sur
reader, which he did.
Henry Hale, one of the best scouts in the
country, left Leavenworth while Mulligan was
before Lexington, with dispatches. As he
rode along, men from every direction was go
ing to join Price. He saw one old secession
ist with a little shot gun,and thought it would
be a nice thing to drive off the old fellow and
take his horse into Lexiogton. So engaged
the man iu conversation, and getting an op
portumty, put the revolver to the secessionist's
head, ordered him to tie his gun to the saddle,
to dismount, and finally to skedaddle. The
old man made tracks rapidly. Hale took the
horse by the bridle, aud rode on whistling
Y'ankee Doodle. He had ridden a mile or
two, when at a turn in the road, he was sud
denly ordered to halt. The old secessionist
had procured another gun, and got ahead of
him. Get off that bourse, cried the old man
Hale got down. Tie that revolver to the
saddle ! Hale obeyed. Pull off your pants 1
Hale did it. Skedaddle I—an1 —an order whicb
Hale at once carried into effect, merely sayii g
" Well, Cap., I thought ray shirt would come
eff next— good bye." The secessionist went
off with the two horses, whistling Dixie ;
while Hale marched seven miles to Lexington,
with only his coat aud shirt on. His coat
contained the dispatches.
I burned Randolph, Missouri. The town
was a rebel depot, where their supplies were
gathered. The country people came in every
' day with provisions and these provisions and
other goods were conveyed to the enemy. I
went over with twenty-two men and routed
two hundred aud fifty. I divided my men
and had them approach from differeut direc
tions. I made them all officers, and up we
went, every mau of us shouting out orders as
though each had a regiment at his back. —
The rebels were frightened. They ran in all
directions, but we killed several of them. One
of my men was badly wounded, and I was
wounded also. I tackled one fellow with a
sabre. lie fought savagely, but I killed him
after be had given me a thrust over the eye
that might have finished me. We took sev
enteen prisoners. Of coarse we could not,
with our small force, hold the town, so we set
fire to the rebel stores and destroyed them.
I was captured back of I'aducah—Lieuten
ant Robb aud I ; and were placed under
guard, all Dight. There were thirteen guards
men in all ; but ten of them went to a party,
aud got drunk. The others got some whiskey
too. Robb and I concluded to rebel. We
managed to seize their revolvers. Itobb tap
ped one, that came at us first, over the head
and stunned him, and before the others could
come to bis assistance we shot them. Then
we made off. We went by Fort Donelsou,
clear across the country, and told Zollicoffer
that were spies and had dispatches for Breek-.
inridge. We had forged despatches for the
purpose, and thus passed. As we had just
come from the rebels, we kuew enough to de
ceive the old fellow, who treated us with
great kindness, gave us passes through his
lines, and good horses, aud in four hours we
were inside our lines.
At Fiatl City I made a speech to the reb
rebels in favor of Jeff. Davis, which was very
successful ; but in the alternoou a man iu
town recogniz'd me, and bad me seized. They
put me under guard, in a house ; but the
same night I got out, got on a horse which fell
in ray way, aud rode out till I ran in the dark
•against the two rebel videttes. They stop
ped me ; I explained to them that I was hur
rying on to bring np some recruits who were
wanted : but the men were obstinate, and
would not let me go without a pass. So I
proposed to go with him to headquarters, and
would get him my pass. lie consented ; we
walked onr horses in along the road. My
case was desperate : if they caught me they
would hang me ; talked to the man in the
dark till we we;e some distance in, then sud
denly pulled out my knife and with oue stab
s'ew him I waited awhile, then road back
to where th§ other vidette remained and hand
ed him a piece of an old letter, sayine "there's
the p ss. He must go to the smoa d ring
l're iu the wood near by to examine it, aud as
he did*so 1 knocked him over, and rode off.
I rode into Jeff. Thompson's camp half
naked, as a crazy man, shouting and whoop
ing so that the whole camp was arous9d. No
better way to get in occurred to me just then
Gen. Thompson is much of a gentleman. He
caused a surgeon to examine me, who reported
that I had lost my senses Irom a blow on the
temple, the mark of which was still fresh. He
said I was quite harmless, aud the General
proposed to seud me into Abe Yankee lines
because they could take care of a poor fellow
better then he. I lay down under a wagon,
near the General's tent, when it came dark,
and listened to hear what I could hear. —
About midnight a messenger rode in, on a
fine horse, and tied it near me. When he got
into the tent, and no oue was locking, I got
on the horse, and having the best road in
mind, rode out as fast as I could drive, the
pickets firing at me, but without effect ; and
I got safely to make my report.
1 went iuto Fort Henry two days before
the attack on it, and brought General Grant
a i accurate account of the position and num
ber of the forces and defence. Also, I went
into Fort Donelsou, while enr troops lay at
Fort Henry. 1 went there in Confederate un
iform, and I have General MeClernand's let
ter to show that I brought him information
which proved to be accurate. On ray way
out a cavalry force passed me, while 1 lay by
the roadside ; aud its commander told one of
his men to leave behind a fine flag which he
feared would be torn on the way. That flag
was struck into the road, that a returning reb
el might carry it in. But I got it, wrapped it
around my body, and rode into Fort Henry
with it.
The State of Pennsylvania,
Herewith we annex a tabular statement o!
the forinatkn or erection of the several coun
ties of Pennsylvania, embraciug their names,
the day, month and year when erected by law;
and the different counties or part of counties
from which each was formed, whether of oue
or more :
1. Adams, 22d January, 1800, formed of a
part of Y'ork.
2. Allegheny, 24th September, 1188, form
ed of Westmoreland and Washington.
3. Armstrong, 12.h March, 1800, formed of
part Allenheny, Westmoreland and Lycoming
4. Beaver, 12ib March, 1800, formed of a
part of Aheglten? aucWWasiiington.
5. Bedtord, 9th March, 1771, formed of a
part of Cumberland.
6. Berks, Ilth March, 1752, formed of a
part ot Philadelphia, Chester and Lancaster.
7. Blair, 26th February, 1846, formed of a
part of Huntingdon and Bedford.
8. Bradford, 21st February, 1810, formed
of a part of Luzerne and Lycoming.*
9. Bucks, oue of three original counties of
the Proviuce.f
10. Butler, 12th March, 1800, formed of a
part of Allegheny.
11. Cambria, 26th March, 1804, formed of
part of Huntingdon and Somerset.
12. Carbou, 13th March, 1843, formed of a
part of Northampton and Monroe.
13. Ceutre, 13tb February, 1800, formed
of a part of MiffliD, Northumberland, Lycom
ing and Huntingdon,
14. Chester, one of the original counties es
tablished at the first settlemeut of the Pro
vince.
15. Clarion, 11th March, 1839, formed of
a pa t of Venango and Armstrong.
YOL. XXIII. —NO. 39.
16. Clearfield, 26th March, 1804, formed of
a part of Lycoming.
17. Clinton, 21st June, 1839, formed of a
part of Lycoming and Centre.
18. Columbia, 22d March, 1813, formed of
a part of Northumberland.
19. Crawford, 12th March, 1800, formed
of a part of Allegheny.
20. Cumberland. 27th January, 1849—50,
formed of a part of Lancaster.
21. Dauphin, 21at March, 1785, formed of
part of Lancaster.
Delaware, 26th September, 1789, formed of
a part of Chester.
23. E!k, 18th April, 1843, formed of part
of Jefferson, Clearfield and Mclveaa.
24. Erie, 12;b March, ISOO, formed of part
of Allegheny.
25. Fayette, 26th September, 1783.
26. Forest, 11th April, 1818, formed from
part of Jefferson.
| 27. Franklin, 9th September, 1784, formed
from part of Cumberland.
23. Felton, 19th April, 1850, formed from
part of Bedford.
29. Greene, 9ib Feburary, 1796, formed
from part of Westmoreland.
30. Huntingdon, 20th September, 1787, of
part of Bedford.
31. Indiana, 30th March, 1803 formed of
part of Westmoreland and Lycomincr.
32. Jefferson, 26th March, 1804, formed
from part of Lycoming.
33. Juniata, 2d March, 1831, formed from
part, of Mifflin.
34. Lancaster, 10th May, 1729, formed from
part of Chester.
35. Lawrence, 25th March, 1850, formed
from part of Beaver and Mercer.
36. Lebanon, 16th February, 1813, formed
from part of Dauphin and Lancaster.
37 Lehigh, 6th March, 1812, formed from
a part of Northampton.
38. Luzerne, 25th September, 1786, formed
from part of Northumberland.
39. Lycoming, 13th April, 1795, formed
from part of Northumberland.
40. McKean, 26th March, 1804, formed
from part of Lycoming.
41. Mercer 12 March, 1800, formed from
part of Allegheny.
42. Miffliu, 19th September, 1789, formed
from a part of Cumberland aDd Northumber
land.
43 Monroe, Ist April, 183G, formed from
part of Northumberland and Pike.
44. Montgomery, 10th September, 1784,
formed from part of Philadelphia.
45. Montour, 3d May, 1850, formed from a
part of Columbia.
40. Northampton, 11th March, 1752, form
ed from part of Bucks.
47. Northumberland, 27th March, 1772,
formed from parts of Lancaster, Cumberland,
Berks, Bedford and Northampton.
48. Perry, 22J March, 1826, formed from
part of Cumberland.
49. Philadelphia, one of the three original
counties established at the first settlemeut of
the Province.
50. Pike, 26'.h March, 1814, formed from
part of Wayne.
51. Potter, 26 March, 1804, formed of a
part of Lycoming.
52. Schuylkill, Ist March, 1811, formed of
a part of Berks and Northampton.
*53. Snyder, 2d March, 1855, formed from
part of Un : on.
54. Somerset, 17th April, 1795 formed of
part of Bedford.
55. SullivaD, 15th March, 1847, formed of
Lycoming.
SG. Susquehanna, 21st February, 1810,
formed from part of Luzerne.
57. Tioga, 26th March, 1804, formed from
a part of Lycoming.
58 Union, 22d March, 1813, formed from
part of Northumberland.
59. Venango, 13th March, 1800, formed
from part of Allegheny and Lycoming.
60. Warren, 12th March, 1800, formed of
part of Allegheny and Lycoming.
61. Wayne, 21st March, 1798, formed from
part of Northampton.
62. Washington, 2Stli March, 1781, form
ed part of Westmoreland.
63. Westmoreland, 25th February, 1773,
formed from part of Bedford and the purchase
of 1784.
04. Wyoming, 4th of April, 1842, formed
of a part of Northumberland and Luzerne.
65. York, 10th August, 1740, formed of a
part of Lancaster.
* Previous to the 24 th of March, 1812 this
county, (Bradford), was called Outario, but
its name was changed on that day.
tßueks, Philadelphia and Chester, were the
three original counties, established at the first
settlement of the province of Pennsylvania.
RAPIDITY OF THOUGHT IN DREAMING. —It
would appear as if a whole series of acts, that
would really occupy a long lapse of time, pass
ideally through the mind in one instant. We
have in dreams no true perception of the lapse
of time. The relations of space us well as of
time arc also annihilated, so that while almost
an eternity is compressed into a moment, infi
nite space is traversed more swiftly than by
real thoughts. There are numerous illustra
tions of this on record. A gentleman dreams
that he has enlisted for a soldier, joined his
j regiment, deserted, was apprehended, carried
I back, tried, condemned to be shot, and at last
! led out for execution. After all the usual pre
! parations, a gun was fired, he awoke with the
report, and found that a noise in the adjoining
room bad at the same moment produced the
dream and awakened him. A friend of Dr.
Abercrombie dreamed that he had crossed the
Atlantic, and spent a fortnight in England.—
In embarking on his return, he fell into the
sea, and awaking in the fright fouod that he
had uot been asleep ten minutes.
" m
teg* Why is a milkman like Pharoah's
daughter ? Because he takes a little profit
ont of the water.
19" It is good to learn from the expe*
ience of others.