OK D3LLAR PER ANNUM INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE.
TOWANDA :
Thursday Morning, October 2, 1862.
pc'' =
Notes from My Knapsack.
Co. F.. XHlth REGIMENT, 1
PENNSYLVANIA MILITIA. f
The intelligence flashed over the telegraph
ic wires, that the rebel horde under LEE and
JACKSON, were preparing to invade the State
of Pennsylvania, reached this county, on Fri
day, 1 Oth iust. The appeal of the Governor
for aid, startled and aroused every citizen. A
public meeting was at once called at this place,
and arrangements made for conveying the in
telligence to other sections of the County, in
viting volunteers to defend our State from in
vasion. The proper committees were appointed,
andJAitss MACFASLANE Esq., despatched to
Harrisburg, to learn the true condition of af
fairs, and ascertain what was needed. On
Sunday he returned, with an urgeut rccjuest
from the Governor to forward all the men
readv, with their arms, ammunition and equip
ments. By Monday morning a Company was
ready, rifles gathered, bullets cast, and pow
der prepared. At noon, the Company was
organized, provided with several days provis
ions, and started for Harrisburg. The fol
lowing is a perfect muster roll ot the Company:
COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
Captain —E. O. GOODRICH.
Lieutenant — JAMES MACFARI.ANE.
'ld do.—A. J. TROI T.
NON COMMISSIONED OFFICERS.
1 ./ Serg't —W. T. Bishop, jr. ['ld do —Manassus X. York,
'lddo —Jervis L. Tidd, 'd do —John Whalon,
"at do —Bt'ii.j. F. Taylor, \uh do —X". Kinney,
4 tlido —l'.euj Moody, Ath do —I! 11 Patch,
ithdo —Chas. 11. Allen, Uithdo —.l. M. Rah in,
Ist Corp'l—i. Val. Geiger, 17//( do —lames Simmons,
Ht!i do —Archibald Forbes.
PRIVATES.
John Allen. Simeon K. London,
Joseph H. Allen, Albert M.ibee,
Stephen Allen, iJo.-eph 0 Mitchell,
A. L. liuifington, jThos. F. Madill, Surgeon,
11. 11. Bowman, jlleury Mercur,
Franklin Biles, |C. A McAslin,
William Berry, jWm. \V. Moody,
S. Barner, William Mehan,
J. I, Biles. John Maley,
Wiisou F. Blenn, William H. Morgan,
William M. Cox. W. F. McCabe,
A. E. < 'hamberiin, | Robert Nortbrup,
B. F. Car#ier, - D'Alansou Overton,
F G. Co burn. Joseph Post,
Patrick Costello, W. M. Quigley.
L. S. Case. Win.P.Rockwell,
Jame- Calligan, Th nnas Ross,
Z. P. Corson. Chas. H. Rose,
Charles Da rant, 1. W. Rippart.
Charles Diuimock, '.tames Sweet.
11. F. Edwards, -Seymour Smith,
Geo. W. Emits, jJ.S. Seeley.
Jacob H. Ellis, Timothy Sullivan,
J. 11. Elliott, Geo. W Shores,
X. C. El.-hree, Jc. H. Spalding,
Andrew Forhes, J. M. S|>encer,
E. 0. Gillespie, ' Janes Schultz,
W. S. Green, {.Joseph Talliday,
G. W. Green, (William Thompson,
Silas F. W. llines, Frank W. Towner,
M. H.Hinman, j Wayne Towner,
C. .V. Harding, J. W. Taylor,
Clarence H. Jones, Daniel Vandercook,
Theodore Kramer, Charles Williams,
J. Kilmer, David W. Warner,
George Kirhy, C. L. Ward,
James Laughlin, t James Wood,
C. Webb,
Whole number of officers and privates—9l
At Troy the Company was mostly quarter
ed for the night in Long's Hall and the mem
bers had their lirst night's experience in cam
paigning. The exuberant spirits of a portion
prevented much rest, and at 5 a. ui., the Com
pany was marched to the depot to take the
cars for Harrisburg During the night, a Com
pany from Pike andj Wyalusing commanded
by Capt. STEPHEN GORHAM arrived bound for
the same destination The accommodations
provided by the R. R. Company were open
ears, upon which seats had been made, with
no covering to protect the volunteers from the
rain storm which impended. However, with
out grumbling the men took their places
I pou the train, we were grutified to linda
Company from Athens, commanded by Capt.
1 N. EVANS, which nan; be red amongst its
members most of the business men of our
neighboring village. At Granville, Alba and
t auton, still another Company turned out, un
der command of Cant D. WILCOX, making in
all four Bradford Companies, containing in the
aggregate about 350 men, who had without
concert, at a m unent's notice, turned out in
respouse to the Governor's proclamation.
At every station along tlie Railroad, we
found the country thoroughly aroused, and the
utmost enthusiasm displayed. The train length
ened at every stopping-place. At Northum
berland, awaiting our arrival, were companies
from Scranton, Catbondale, Bloomsburg.Dau-
Gile auj Catawissa. The inhabitants of ev
ery town turned out to welcome us. as we pro
gressed. The ladies waved their handker
chiefs from the farm houses, and the urchins
threw up their hats, and mingled their shrill
treble with the general welcome.
At 4 p. m., we reached Harrisburg, the long
train, packed with the minute-men, was slow
> drawn up to the depot, the companies dis
embarked, formed into line, and marched to
the Capitol grounds, where they were halted,
until the Commanding officers could report, and
ascertain what disposition was to be made of
the men for the night. After a short delay,
the Bradford Companies were marched to the
Methodist Church, iu whicl they wore rjuar
tered.
In the morning, we were- notified that a re
gimental organization had been made of ten
companies from the north, and the Captains
were ordered to meet for the election of field
officers, in half an hour,'then to proceed to the
arsenal and procure muskets, ammunition and
equipments, and be ready to take the cars, at
a moment's notice.* The regiment was num
bered Thirteen of the Pennsylvania Militia,
and its organization was as follows :
Colonel —JAMES JOHNSON", of Philadelphia.
CoI. — JOHN B. MEANS. O! Bradford.
Major— B. H. KEWAAK, of Uradtonl.
, . UpMPANIKS.
Captain WixxEuFMontour.
; —Captain POTTS, WDUMBIA.
• Captain Nicaoifc Luzerne.
o— Captain CI.AHK' Columbia.
Jv— Captain Wn.cfc, Bradford.
I—Captain GOOOHICU. Bradford.
'—Captain GOKIIAU, Bradford.
H—Captatn LVAM B , Bradford.
L—t aptain LANusTAFr, Luzerne.
K - Captain Yoyno, Montour. X
At the arsenal, the rifles were exchanged
for muskets, and the necessary number of
knnpsacks, haversacks, canteens, aud blankets
THE BRADFORD REPORTER.
for such as were uuprovided. Each company
was also provided with oue box of ammunition.
The regimeut was then formed in the rear of
the Capital grounds, and marched about one
mile to the cars. It wa9 5 p. M , when the
train moved slowly across the river, and took
the Cumberland Valley R. R. traek. The re
ception which awaited us, in our passage down
the Cumberland Valley, was that of the wild
est entliusia-m on the part of the inhabitants.
It had been but a few hours since they were
in imminent danger of an incursion from the
starving and brutal horde of Jackson aud
Lee, whose longing eyes had looked upon this
fertile valley as the place where they were to
gratify their brutal instincts, aud replenish
their scant stores. The population according
ly hailed with joyous welcome, the patriotic
citizens of other parts of the State who had
left their business and homes, to rnsh to their
protection Wild huzzas rent the air, as the
train swept by ; the ladies sniled their sweet
est welcome, and displayed their whitest pock
et handkerchiefs to testify their gratitude to
those who were ready to face death for their
protection.
The train made slow progress, as the (rack
is a single oue, aud the detentions consequent
ly frequent, and it was toward the " wee small
hours'' when we reached Cliambersburg, which
we supposed to be our destination. But af
ter a long delay, the cars moved onward, and
the next stopping place, was Hagerstown
Maryland. It was daylight, Thursday morn
ing when we disembarked, and were marched
to our camping ground The spot we occu
pied was in the suburbs of the town, and had
on the previous Sunday been occupied bv the
Rebels for a like purpose The men stacked
their arms, unsluug their knapsacks upon the
ground, and pitched into the rations furnished
with a zest heightened by long abstinence.
Ten's were furnished the day of our arrival,
and Thursday evening, we all slept on the
gronn , .with a canvass cove'iug. Friday
morning,came orders to move on the Williams
port turnpike, when tents were struck, and
the regiment marched about one and a half
miles towards Williamsport, where a camping
ground was found in a beautiful grove, with
an abundant supply of excellent water. This
spot, also, hud been occupied but three days
previous by rebel cavalry.
By this time it had become apparent, that
we were intended to be useful as well as orna
mental. and if any one had come on an expe
dition which he supposed was to be unattend
ed by dauger, he Lad aioro than he bargained
for.
On Wednesday had* been fought the great
battle of the Autietam. The battle fi- id was
distant but eight miles from Hagerstown, and
on Thursday morning, the booming of cannon
told that the fight was still progressing. Early
in the day, the wounded begau to arrive at
Hagerstown. Long traius of ambulances, car
riages, and vehicles of every kind brought in
the wounded of the previous day. The pub
lic buildings were converted into hospitals and
filled with the dead and wounded. An order
was issued by the Provost {Marshall that all
places of business should be closed, and the
citizens repair to the battle field for the pur
pose of caring for the wounded. To the mil
ilia, fresh from the quiet scenes and peaceful
occupations of home, it was presenting war iu
its gloomiest and bloodiest aspect.
The tidings from the battle field were that
after the fiercest and blcodiest fight of the
war, on Wednesday, both armies wore resting
on their arms, and that the enemy had been
pushed from his position, ai d it was uncertain
whether he wouid attempt to cfoss tire river
near Will iamsport, ot advance into the interi
or. Those who understood the true position
of affairs were aware that the rebels were be
tween MeClellao and the Pennsylvania Militia,
arid that the latter were to be disposed so as
to dispute his passage up the valley should it
be attempted
That McClellan was apprehensive of an in
terior movement, would appear from the fol
lowing dispatch :
lIEADyI'ARTKIiS AItMY OF TIIE POTOMAC, )
Sept. 19, 1-862 1
M.ij.-Gen. H. IV. HALLECK, Gen.-iu Chief—But little
oeenrreil yesterday except skirmishing. Lust night the
enemy abandoned his position leaving his dead and
wotindfd on the field.
We are again in pursuit. Ido not know yet whether
he is lulling back to an interior position, or crossiiig the
river. We may salelv claim a victory.
GEORGE BIM'CLELLAN,
Major-General Commanding.
At this time the rebels had fallen back to
Williamsport, which is but 6 miles from Ha
gerstown. The former place they occupied iu
force, and their cavalry were reconnoitfring
down tife Hagerstown turnpike for some dis
tance. On Friday afternoon the rebels shell
ed Williamsport, and their intentions were yet
enveloped iu mystery. The militia had been
ordered to the Williamsport turnpike and
were stationed from Ha gerstown a distauce of
some three miles alonu the turnpike. A num
ber of regiments on Friday night were ordered
into line of battle about 2 12 miles from Ha
gerstown, stretching across the turnpike. The
turnpike presented au excitiug spectacle. Or
derlies were galloping iu every direction in hot
haste. Cavalry came tearing along, and regi
ments passed on the " double quick,"—while
artillery rattled up the turnpike to take posi
tion in the advance. From the direction of
Williamsport came frightened men, women and
children, bringing with them their household
goods, and fleeing Irom the impending danger.
The engineers were busily engaged in leveling
fences and preparing a road parallel with the
turnpike, and about four rods distaut, to per
mit the passage of artillery trains. Every
preparation was made for a conflict, and to
the inexperienced the prospect for a fight
seemed good. The family occupying the dwel
ling upon the grounds where the 13th was en
camped, left on the evening of Friday, in full
belief that it was not safe to stay through the
night, from the probabilities of a rebel ad
vance.
About 10, p. m., the 13tb received orders
to turn out in line of battle. The order should
have reached us some hours before, but WHS
delayed It is but justice to the men, to say
that they prepared to obey it with willingness
and alucrity, although they were provided with
PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY AT TOWANDA, BRADFORD COUNTY, PA., BY E. 0. GOODRICH.
but ten rounds of ammunition, and many of
them had never before seen a cartridge. Soon
after the order was issued, it was learned at
headquarters that the demonstrations made
at Williamsport, were only a feint to cover
the retreat of tho rebels across the Potomac,
and that their army had succeeded in crossing.
The orders to the regiments were countermand
ed, aud they were ordered to remain in their
camps._ Before the regiment was under arms
came the second order, and the men again
turned in for the night, many of them grie
vously disappointed that they were Dot allow
ed, at least, to form in line of battle.
By Saturday morning it was definitely known
at headquarters that the purpose for which
the militia had been called out was successful
ly accomplished. That the presence of so large
a force gathered to protect the State had pre
vented invasion—that the enemy had fallen
back across the Potomac, and that all danger
to Pennsylvania had been averted, for the
present, ut least The emergency having pass
ed, the militia were to return to their homes
as speedily as transportation could be fouud.
Orders were at once issued for the militia to
march to Greei.castle, 12 miles distant from
Hagerstown, in Pennsylvania, and await trans
portation. The 13th struck tents Saturday
afternoon and marched back to the old camp
ing ground at Hagerstown, where they staid
all night. Sunday morning at G o'clock, the
regiment was again in motion, on the Green
castle turnpike Each man carried his mus
ket, knapsack, haversack and canteen, making
a heavy load, to those unaccustomed to bear
ing such burdens. Five miles of the road was
on the macadamized turnpike, which ends in
a little village called Middiebury, at the State
line. The line was known by the termination
of the turnpike, and as the regiment passed
into Pennsylvania, each company testified their
gratification and their love of our noble old
Commonwealth by hearty cheers. The re
in.tiuing distance was over an ordinary road,
upon which the dust lay for inches deep, not
withstanding the clouds raised by regiments
ahead us. The sun poured down its hottest
rays upon the long line—but notwithstanding
the heavy load, and dust and heat, but few in
the regiment tell behind. It was 2, p. m.,
when we filed irom the road into a grove one
iiiiit! from Newcastle, where tents were pitched
and some of the " free soil " got rid of in an
adjoining rivulet.
Here we remained until Tuesday night,
awaiting transportation. Tue discipline of the
camp was somewhat relaxed, in view of the
termination of the campaign, and of our im
mediate return home. The regiment turned
out at 4, p. m. on Monday and Tuesday for
dress parade, and received universal commen
dation for presenting the best appearance of
any regiment which attempted a dress parade.
The boys killed time with eating, drinking and
foraging expeditions, from which they return
ed with sundry fowls, loaves of bread, pies,
canteens of miik, etc., etc , all paid for, of
course.
Tuesday evening at 6 o'clock the train ar
rived, and the regiment embarked. A slow
and tedious ride ull night, brought us to Har
risburg about daylight. Marched to the Capi
tol grounds, stacked arms, and dismissed until
8 o'clock, ut which time the regiment was
formed in solid square, and addressed briefly
by the Colonel and by Professor MCCOY, in u
stirring and eloquent address. Cheers were
given with a will for the field officers, for the
Governor, and almost everybody else, uutii
fhe throats of the men were hoarse with their
efforts. Our arms and equipments were then
returned to the arsenal, rifles retaken, the
regimeut marched to the depot arid at II 1-2
o'clock, we were on our way to our homes.—
At Northumberland we gave a parting cheer
to our companions in arms from the North
Branch—at Canton we parted with Captain
WILCOX'S company, at, midnight found ourselves
at Troy, from which place in the morning we
separated for home. Such is a necessarily
brief narrative of a week's campaign in Mary
land, which if embellished, contained romance
and adventure enough for a volume.
The commanding officer of Co. F takes this
occasion to return his sincere acknowledge
ments to the members of his Company for the
readiness manifested by all to obey orders,
and theit" willingness to share the dangers and
burdens which were presented. Though not
called upon to face the enemy, he entertains
no doubt, from the disposition manifested that
they would have proved themselves equal to
any emergency, and returned home with un
stained reputation.
The Company is also under obligations to
Mr. C. L. WARD, for his generosity displayed
in various ways, and his zeal in lookiug after
the interests not only of the Company, but of
the Regiment. He was indefatigable in his
efforts to promote the comfort of the men, his
exertions and liberality enabling them speedi
ly and comfortably to reach their homes.
0:i Saturday, 20th ult., in company with
Mr. WARD, Lieut.-Col. MEANS and two Pbila
delphiaus, we visited the battle field, passing
over the turnpike from Hagerstown to Sharps
burg, and consequently through the scene of
the fiercest of the conflict. We will not at
tempt to give any account of the battle, nor
describe the ground, as that has been done
very minutely and accurately by the newspa
per correspondents. About 9 miles out we
came upou the evidences of the fight. The
first notification was au intolerable stench.—
Tbeu came to view the unburied rebels lying
dead beside the road and iu the cornfields and
woods. The spectacle was revolting and hor
rible in the extreme. In a corn-field to the
left, the dead rebels were lying almost a mau
to a hill of eorn. As we drove along, in the
turnpike lay their bodies, as they had fallen
iu battle. Iu oue group we counted twenty
seveu dead rebels, some lying across the bodies
of others. The turnpike was strewn at every
step with evidences of the fight. Muskets,
overcoats, hats, knapsacks, haversacks, car
tridge boxes, etc., etc., covered the gronnd.
The blood-stains npon the ground, denoted
where some life had ebbed away. The Union
dead had all been buried, and regiments were
engaged in collecting aud the rebels.
" REGARDLESS OF DENUNCIATION FROM ANY QUARTER."
| The dead had lain for three days upon the
l field, exposed to the sun and storm. They
were enormously swollen in limb and features,
and their faces blackened. We could see, as
we rode by, that most of the dead had been
shot in the head.
Passing along the turnpike, we came to the
brick church or school house,often mentioned,
near which JACKSON'S batteries were stationed.
!It was completely riddled with shot. In the
beautiful grove adjacent huudreds of men had
been slain, and the soldiers were then gather
ing their bodies for burial. Men with rails
approached a dead rebel, a rail was placed
1 under bis knees and another uuder his shoul
ders, when the men at each end of the rails
carried him lo a convenient spot, where they
j were placed side by side, to the number of from
twenty to fifty. A file of men dug a treuch
, at their heads, the dead were placed therein
carefully, and covered. We saw several trench
es which had been filled and a sh'mgle placed
iat the head. One read as follows :
11 HERE LIES
30 DEAD REBS.
Killed iu Battle,
Sept. 17,1802."
I The places of interment ot the dead.howev
! er, as far as known, are marked so they can
be fonud by friends. The Union dead were
mostly rel'ognizpd by their acquaintances, but
of course there was no means of ascertaining
the names of the rebels.
Leaving tbe turnpike at the church, we
passed to the front, over the plain where tho
heaviest of the conflict took place. Here the
! dead had all been gathered ; one vast trqpch
had just been Oiled, and'beside another partly
j dug lay a row of dead rebels at least fifty in
umaber. Dead horses dotted the field, with
occasionally a broken artillery wheel. The
! muskets had been gathered, and placed in piles
rods in length. Shells, broken aud uuexploded,
i cartridges, canteens, cartridge boxes, were to
be found at every step. A rail fence behind
which the rebels had rallied, was riddled with
balls, and the ground covered with all the hor-
I rid testimonials that death had sped his shafts
fast and thick. A soldier pointed out where
the 132 d Penna. had stood during the fight.
He said they fought like veterans. (This is a
i new regiment of nine months' men, in which
"are the-Canton and Troy companies.)
Passinir along,we came to the ground where
! Meagher's Irish brigade made their charge.—
In front, the plain ends iu a hill, which is
; quite steep, and difficult of ascent. The whole
rebel line, in fact, was posted upon the brow
• of a crescent shaped ridge, and in a most ad
j rantageous position. To gain the top of the
, hill our troops were exposed to a severe and
galling fire from the rebels who fired from the
top, and then retired out of sight to load.—
As the Union forces gained the top they were
exposed to the tire of batteries po-ted uear the
turnpike, which fired over the heads of tho
rebels snugly ensconsed in a corn field and a
road, which answered admirably as a rifle pit.
They were dislodged by a bayouet charge,
leaving the road filled with dead,and the corn
field trodden down, and strewn with slain.—
In a very small space, over three hundred
dead rebels were counted. Iu the road,which
! >kirted tile corn field, and was washed by the
! action of rain to the depth of from two to
I four feet,were the most abundant evidences of
carnage The road was literally paved with
articles of clothing and equipments, und at
every foot was seen the dark stain where the
soil had drank the life blood of warriors. The
bodies had been removed, but we were told
by those who had assisted in removing them
that the road was covered with dead rebels,
and in places filled up with their bodies.
The morbid curiosity which led us to this
dreadful place, was soon satisfied, and we
turned with disgust from the sights which met
us at every step One incident alone, served
to relieve the horrid aspect of the scene, as if
to show that the kindlier instincts were not all j
obliterated by battle and blood. As we came I
near the road we have described, the soldiers i
brought in a wounded rebel found in a heap
of slain, who was still breathing,notwithstand
ing be had lain uncared for three days. With
the tend crest care, his wounds were dressed
aud every effort made to save him. He had
been shot in the top of the head, the ball pass
ing around the skull, and out at the temple.
Half an hour afterwards he was still alive,and
those around him were watching him with as
much anxiety as if he was a friend instead of
a rebel.
Going back to our wagon, we passed on the
turnpike to Sharpsburg. Along the road for
two miles dead rebels lay iu their grey uni
forms, sleeping the sleep of death, and putrefy
ing in the sun. The forest groves showed the
effects of shot and shell and bullets. Large
trees were cut down, their branches torn off,
or marred by the effects of caunon and musket
balls. The farm houses showed the marks of
battle. The stone fences on both sides of the
turnpike had been battered by caunou balls.
Several buildings had been burned, which af
forded protection to the rebel forces. Arriv
ing at Sharpsburg, the towu was filled with
soldiers, and the streets jammed with trains of
wagons and cavalry. We finally found a ho
tel, the occupants of which had returned but
two hours before. Opposite stood a tall pole,
which had been struck by a ball, about mid
way from the ground, and on the corner oppo
site, a hotel had a huge hole in the roof. Most
of the houses iu Sharpsburg had been iujured.
It was nearly dark when we left Sharpsburg
on our return to Hagerstown. We were stop
ped iu the street by a long traiu of wagons,
artillery and infautry, the latter guarding 450
rebel prisoners. The rebels were ragged, dir
ty, and many of them shoeless, as were all the
rebels we have the opportunity of seeing. All
accounts represent the rebel army as being in
, distress for want of clothing, 6hoes, aud pro
visions, and that their men tight desperately
in hope of relieving their necessities. They are
clad in a dirty grey uniform, with hats of all
kinds aud colors. They have no tents, but
bivouac wherever night overtakes them, and
subsist mostly by foraging. The haversacks
we saw upou the battle field, coutaiued iu
many instances tbeir which appeared
to he a few hard biscuits and a piece of salt
pork.
On onr return to Hagerstown, we could de
fine with accuracy the Hue of battle by the
fires burning where the soldiers were burying
the dead. From right to left, all aloDg the
front, the battle field was lighted up, by these
fires kept up to eoabie the burial parties to
pursue their labors. Along the turnpiko and
in the groves thousands of stragglers had
built their watch-fires. The scene was highly
picturesque if it had not been marred by so
many horrible features. But beside the road,
as we passed still lay the unburied dead, while
in the fields by the light of the fires we could
see lyiug the rows of dead rebels, or the busy
plying of shovels as the soldiers heaped the
dirt upon what was soon to be dust.
The houses and barns iu the vicinity of the
battle field were converted into hospitals, and
were filled with wounded, mostly by the seri
ously wounded, who could not bear removal.
The horrors of those extemporized hospitals,
the maimed bodies, the amputated limbs, we
had no desire to see, and coutented ourselves
with the accounts of those who visited them.
Proclamation by the President.
!
AI.L SLAVES IN REBEL STATES TO BE FREE AFTER
JANUARY 1, 1863.
WASHINGTON, Sept. 22,1802.
I, Abraham Lincoln, President of the Unit
ed States of America, and Commander-in-
Chief of the army and navy thereof, do here
by proclaim and declare that hereafter, as here
tofore, the war will be prosecuted for the ob
ject of practically restoring the constitutional
relation between the United States and the
people thereof in which States that relation is,
or may be, suspended or disturbed ; that it is
my purpose, upou the next meeting of Con
gress, to again recommend the adoption of a
I practical measure tendering pecuniary aid to
the free acceptance or rejection of all the slave
j States, so called, the people whereof may not
theu be in rebellion against the United States,
and which States may then have voluutarily
adopted or thereafter may voluntarily adopt
the immediate or gradual abolishment of sla
very within their respective limits ; and that
the efforts to colonize persons of African de
scent, with their consent, npon the continent
or elsewhere, with the previously obtained con
! sent of the governments existing there, will be
i continued ; that on the first day of January
in the ye.ar one thousand eight hundred and
I sixty-three, all persons held as slaves icithin any
j State, or any designated part of a Stale, the
people whereof shall then be in rebellion against
the United Slates, shall be then thenceforward
j and forever free, and the executive government
of the United States, including the military
and naval authority thereof,will recognize aud
maintain the freedom of such persons, and
will do not act or acts to repress such persons,
or any of them, in any efforts they may make
for their actual freedom ; that the Executive
will, on the first day of January aforesaid, by
proclamation, desiguate the States aud parts
of States, if any, in which the people thereof
respectively shall then be in rebellion agrinst
the United States ; and the fact that any
State, or the people thereof, shall on that day
be in good faith represented iu the Congress
of the United States by members chosen there
to at elections whereiu a majority of the qual
ified voters of such States shall have partici
pated, shall, in the absence of strong counter
vailing testimony, be deemed conclusive evi
dence that such State aud the people thereof
have not been iu rebelliou against the United
States
That attention is hereby called to an act of
Congress, entitled " An act to make an addi
tional Article of War," approved March 13,
1862, and which act is in the words aud figure
following :
Be it enacted by the Senate, and Ike House
of Representatives of the United States of Amer
ica in Congress assembled, That hereafter the
following shall be promulgated as an addition
al article of war for the government of the
Army of the United States, and shall be i
obeyed and observed as such :
ARTICLE. —All officers or persons in the mili
tary or naval service of the Uuited States are
prohibited from employing any of the forces
under their respective commands for the pur
pose of returuiug fugitives from service or la
labor who may have escaped from auy persons
to whom such service or labor is claimed to
be due, and any officer who shall be found
guilty by a court martiai of violating this ar
ticle shall be dismissed, from the service.
SECTION 2.— And bcit further enacted, That
this act shall take effect from and after its
passage.
Also to the ninth and tenth sections of an
act eutitled " An Act to suppress insurrection,
to puuish treason and rebellion, to seize and
confiscate property of rebels,and for other pur
poses," approved July 17, 1862, and wnich
sections are iu the words aud figure follow
ing :
SECTION 9.— And be it further enacted, That
all slaves of persons who shall hereafter be
engaged in rebelliou against the government
of the United States, or who shall iu auy way
give aid or comfort thereto, escaping from
such persons and taking refuge within the lines
of the army, and all slaves captured from such
persons, or deserted by them and coming un
der the control of the government of the Uni
ted States, and all slaves of such persons
found on (or being within) any place occupied
by rebel forces and afterwards occupied by the
forces of the Uuited States, shall be deemed
captured of war, aud shall be forever free of
their servitude, and not again held as slaves.
SECTION 10.— And be it further enacted,
That no slave escaping into auy State, Terri
tory, or the District of Columbia, from any of
the States, shall be delivered up,or in any way
impeded or hindered of his liberty, except for
crime or some offence against the laws, unless
the person claiming said fugitive 6hall first
make oath that the person to whom the labor
or service of such fugitive is alleged to be due
is Lis lawful owner, and has not been in arms
against the "CniteJ States in the present r^-
VOL. XXIII. —NO. 18.
bellion, nor in any ray given aid and comfort
thereto ; and no person engaged in the mili
tary or naval service of the United States
shall, under any pretence whatever, assume
to decide on the validity of the claim of any
person to.the service cr labor of any other
person, or surrender op any such person to tbe
service or labor of any other person, or ear
render up any such person to the claimant, oa
pain of being dismissed from the service.
And I do hereby enjoin upon and order all
persons engaged in the military and naval ser
vice of the United States to observe,obey and
enforce within their respective spheres of ser
vice the act aud sections above recited.
And the Executive will in doe time recom
mend that all citizens of the United States
who shall have remained loyal thereto through
out the rebellion shall (upon the restoration
of the constitutional relation between the
United States and their respective Slates and
people,if the relation shall have been suspend
ed or disturbed) be compensated for all losses
by acts of the United States, including the
loss of slaves.
Iu witness whereof I have hereunto set my
hand and caused the seal of the United States
be affixed.
ABRAHAM LINCOLN.
Done at the City of Washington, this twen
ty-second day of September, in the year of our
Lord one thousand eight huodred aud sixty
two, and of the independence of the United
States the eighty-seventh.
By the President :
WILLIAM H SEWARD.
Secretary of State.
A Proclamation,
BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OR
AMERICA.
WHEREAS, It has become necessary to call
into service not only volunteers, but also por
tions of the militia of the Stales by draft, ia
order to suppress tbe insurrection existing ia
the United States, and disloyal persons are
not adequately restrained by the ordinary pro
cesses of law from hindering this measure,,
and from giving aid aud comfort iu various
ways to the insurrection :
Now, therefore, be it ordered :
1. That during the existing insurrection,,
and as a necessary measure for suppressing
| the same, all rebels aud insurgents, their aid
ers and abettors, within the United States
and all persous discouraging volunteer enlist
ments, resistiug military drafts or guilty of
any disloyal practice affording aid aud com
fort to the rebels against the authority of tbe
United States, shall be subject to martial law,
and liable to trial and punishment by court
martial or commission or military commissions.
2. That the writ of habeas corpus is suspend
! cd in respect to ali persons arrested, or who
! are now, or hereafter during the rebellion
! sha'l be imprisoned in any fort, camp, arse
nal, military prison or other place of confine
ment, by any military authority, or by the
j sentence of auy Court-Martial or military 1
commission.
In witness whereof I have hereunto set my
hand, and caused the seal of the United States
to be affixed.
Doue at the City of Washington this twen*
1 ty-fourth day of September, in the year of our
| Lord one tbonsaud eight hundred and sixty
two, and of the Independence of the United
States the eighty-seveutb.
Signed, AIiIiAUAM LINCOLN,,
By the President,
Wit. H. SKWAKD, Secretary of State.
A Proclamation.
WHEREAS, The threatened invasioaof Penn
sylvania by the rebel army has been arrested
by tbe prompt and patriotic response of loyal
men of the State, and the signal victory
achieved by Gen. McClellan's army ou tbe
Aniietam.
And whereas, The alacrity with which the
people in every section of the Commonwealth
rushed to the rescue of their brethren ou the
Cumberlaud Valley border, is worthy of the
highest measure of praise. Although not re
quired by the terms of the call to pass the
borders of the State, our brave men, unused
to the rigors of war aud uutrained in military
movements, not only entered Maryland, hut
held llagerstowu against an advancing foe,
pressed forward to the Potomac, and resisted
the threatened movement of the rebels upon
Williumsport until troops in the United States
service arrived aud relieved them. Their time
ly and heroic action has saved the State from
the tread of an iuvadiug enemy, whose neces
sities made even military strategy subordinate
to plunder.
Now therefore, I, ANDREW G. CCRTIN, Gov
ernor of the Commonwealth do hereby order
that the troops called into the service of the
State by General Order No. 36, be discharged,
aud that they be sent to their homes as rapid
ly as transportation cau be furnished, and iu
tbe name of our mighty State, aud in behalf
of our threatened people ou the border, I ten
der them tbe grateful acknowledgments of a
rescued Commonwealth.
And I recommend,that, the companies here
by discharged from active service, should take
prompt measures to preserve and perfect their
organizations, and that new ones should be
formed in every county, so that they may at
all times be ready to auswer the call of the
State should their services again be required.
Arms will be issued to them as soon as they
can make regular requisitions in ar, C ordant>&
with law, and the companies lately j n the
vice of the State, will be preferr ed to ethers,
should the supply not be equal t, O the demand
It is confidently expected, bc,wever, that all
the organized men of the StaLe cam he
ly and properly armed,
Given under my hand and the Great Seal
of the State at Ilarrisb'jrg, this Twenty
fourth day ef September j„ the year of onr
Lord one thousand eight hundred
ty-two, and ot the Commo- weii uu thft
Eighty-seventh. ..wealth me
By THE GoVEgJfo
(bl?aed/ ELI SLIPER,
Secretary of tee Coaiutocweait^