OSS DOLLAR PER ANNUM INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE.
TOWANDA :
Thursday Morning, March 29. 1862.
©rigiual
[For the Reporter ]
.. c„. G...T. -i'j• - K, ST,
ment o! the ira Y' l \ ,/rA*< 6ratw Vn on so ditrt
omi buned <A , 1 • . Octobtr la*t. Impressive re
tchoftU upon thaifii> ..; and a monument of re
mark* prtcedl vim hunur, ight ...
bet inhuman 1 . 3 N - Ame i e 3s strewn white on the
Shroud the bones of the Name.e" t
P * n ' , , w we the conflict has past,
From the deep g'aveo dAj.wa.rew
While the red tide of battle has past on.e a r *i .
ind the £,b of war speed, the recreant host.
Smtelo**. <J* nameless, each white corse shall slumber ;
JUdtheglebeshaiJ be 0 -ree:. when the spring tide ,
high;
Alone, all alone 1 the death song shall number,
Iu wsil for the Nameless—alone there to die!
Alas 1 shall P*"' l fpr tfccir fi! ° e &nd ,beif * tory '
Deeds writ in light. Hod's record to find?
Hark •' bow the loud cling of war and the glory
1 Of victory sounds on the wings of the wiDdl
p ; the tarf fram the fellow : _a chant and a prayer—
U r r ;aem deep "neath the blood-drunken sod—
j , rJ forafsr now the trumpet's hoarse blare
Souses to irms !—leave the dead—alone and with Gor!
.Van:* 13. ISC2- H.
IP o lit it it 1. 1
iBOIUIOX OF SMYERY IX TIIE DISTRICT
OF COLI'MBU.
SPEECH OF IIONUiEO. LANDOX.
IX THE STATU SENATE, UAECH 6, IStikt.
Mr LANDOX Tiie celebrated Dr. Bar- j
ro once delivered a discourse, and sane one ,
Mi his auditor-, complniientiitif the discourse af
terwar s.said to Robert Hall, " did you not
trunk t.iul e doctor exhausted b s su-j *ct '
" Vis,' 1 was the reply, " I think he did, aud
h.s audience also" Now, M \ Speak r. I trust
that iu the few remarks I intend to make u|>ori
this > l'-ject 1 shall t • : do tl e i..tt< r, and I t.av
no exp ctution of do -g the former. 1 eau.iot
txaaurt the snl-jeot 1 hope not turxh .u t the .
audience But.s.r, I propose for a f< w moments
to t.p-"uk ira.ukij, to speak fully ; as the tld
lirev.sui sii i> cipOse to put ft window be
toT'? n.v t. art and let any man who uesiressee
w:' -l heart in raferei.Co to certain
f: -tfs i should be happy if my ideas were
p.'ea-n,'to those around uic 1 shall not lor-
Itar t ie ntteraiice of those sentiments wheth
er tiicy please or displease. Tnal is irai.k. I
have a..vais beeu treated by the members of
11- jriime w in even more courtesy tiiau I
have u.-ked, aud i shaii try to reciprocate it
and do it now ; aud one of the evidences of
courtesy in a legis.a'ive body is for ea.-h uian
to le frauk in h.* utterances. I prt cetd, then,
s r, to li e remarks 1 intend to make. I sbal.
not uk anybody to p iy altention to iue ; I
snail adiircsß you, sir, and betwt-eu ~s wc sha.i
cauvi-.s this su -j-ot for a i ttle l.iue
If we do not get a heari'ii; upon this matter,
we are cot to be alarm, d, not to be discon
certed. Do you no', know, > r, it is u fact that
in tli s wjrlo ot ours, up to this dav, train has
had to fiuht i f s way ? Are you not aw .ire that
Fa ton, wtitn he discovered the hid i u power
of steam und had tuanag-d to construct ma
c. ry by wnich he thought io employ his
power and make it Serviceable to t .e woi.d's
w-, I > y.iu not r member thai he went to
\Y ;. gton and asked the American Co igress
! r the use of their hall that be might detuon
and iildsiraie his tiieoiy, a.ad they re- j
•-> . a ? .Now, alter the troth ol hi< theo
ry r.s been fully denionstratei and app.r pri
atcii *o ; numerable ißcchanical ano oeuehriul
; :r. '-.s, those very moi that refused the ha.l
s ' sneered at b:m as a t-mutic, w:!t be among
t .. £ to do reverence to his memory and
w: ;e eulogiums opou his name. 6 >, sir. there
ar- s. ; cts today that may gain on y a dull
and I <liess hearing in the pubhc ear ; bet if
th= su j'.'Cls be true let tneir advoca'es quail j
ret but proclaim the truth, defend the truth
•] wait for the future to endorse it ami re
advocates. Mr. Speaker, the rcsolu
t.-?a before us is a a.mall cue ; it conGnes as
to tec mdes square of territory. I propose to
* ieu the circie, somewhat., of my remaiks,
bat I promise you in the end to bring up w.tk
*3 Lig ICQ UiUCS.
Ihe careful student of history has learned
*' >n. that every natioD aud every gov
er&UKbt vooner r later has its crisis, its or
- &ti I may say its test hour. It iseaiied
. i-5 through its political struts where
ro is proved or it? weakness develop
f: ■* 's dignity l- illustrated, or its folly
e3 ■* e;e begin its rise ai,d progress
pr ii aeanifaii. Eogiaad had her ordeal
*-: ra j of Charles I. was brought to
" • b; i a; d Cromwell, a common plough
Es ". vd-g :th the jwople and with right,
1 it „.s crown and Lis throne. France baa
or lev, lieruaany has had hers ; a- d we
' •'* a G jveriiment, are having ours. I'hese
' * taost come. They do no harm, they
15 r * l -.er IciicGcial; provided the people of
: --.V a-eadtquaie to the tmerg.ucy there-
I P r ted tb-ir priocipleu, their wisdom and
' 5-ureccmmei surate with the great
' f fi.e 'vcasson. Ttiis struggle of ours
•* c ar country no barm if we are but true
- : *eivt N true to our history, true to the
- 5 o* ph lanthropy and patriotism.—
' > r, when the storm cotne? sweeping
Gowo Bjvoo the sew swelliug the sails ot the ves
> liitter hew wildly the winds may roar
*" J'ily '.he teuipest may bellow, provided the
? i •• el, built aud well maued, ber timbers
a:,; banded togetuer, her keel under- <
*. * h great r.bs of iron, her captain in |
■ e ac-.-, the ere* true men, the compass all
-"'•i ; then. sir. the tempest only develop the
-"A of the vessel and hurries it on in its
• 3 "<t caking it more like & thing of iife as i
ra[ from wave to wive Soil i* with ' i
'urroctions, revolutions and
*• spring up io human governments. If thev 11
:a the rtgb'. way, ?be result is the in I
creased strength, glorv, power aud honor of
the government. Mr. Speaker, in readiug over
the pvges of history, every uun will learn this
fict, that all the goverumen 1 al contests that
have arisen siuce the creation of the world,
have arisen between the few on tho one side
claiming arrogaul powers, and tne many on
the other side agaiust whom these arrogant
powers were claimed 1 appeal to the pages
of history, sir, in vindication of that position.
The revolutions of this world have sprung from
that principle—arrogant assumptions on the
part of the few on the oue band, agaiust the
everlastiug rights of the many on the other.—
It was so in Eaglaud, it was so in Rome, it
was so among the Celestials ic China ; it is
so iu 1862 in North America. The contest is
between the few ou the one baud who arro
gate to themselves unwarranted claims and
powers ugainst the everlasting rights of the
masses. The conCicl of ours was inevitable.
! The people need not open their eyes, or stand
agast ar.d wonder that we are involved in the
present difficulty as we are. Why, wheu the
sua hides himself buhi id the cloads of winter,
: aud the breath of heaven is chilled with the
fioat, and the very bosom of the earth is bound
in an icy sheet, do you not wonder that flowers
do not leap up from the bosom ot the earth.—
Bat wncii the air is balm, when tne suu draws
near, and the eaith is warm, we may expect
their coming, and their non-appearance would
be a miracle. Every sequence has its autece
! dent, and eau-es ever will and must produce
their results. The circumstauce9 of this coun
try for tic past fifty years, have led legiti
mately to the present outbreak There is a
law in nature and law in philosophy, a law iu
lies ven and a law on earth, that contra rites
cuunot pcac-ab'y co-exist. Fire and water,
; lucifer matches and gunpowder, cannot be
thrown t-jg--tuer au.l jaiue ltd and jostled about
without hirdugs and exp'o.-ious. Physical
health an i circa,namhi; ut, malarious c'nus
phere cannot long be joined tenants of rhe to
dy Either the atmo>plieB niUNt be purified
or health must fail and death close the scene.
The present Secretary of S ate never ut'-ered
a trier sentiment—and I know not but he was
unconsciously in-p'red at t! -• time —tha i when
he affirm i :n r f'ereuce to the two great anta
gonistic system existing iri this couutry, that
bet ween lucir. threw as an " irrtpresno t con
jlictr l do not know that he iu'.euded to ut
ter so great a truth ; but he never will utter
a gre.*.-.r o \ Ai i the man w!. > stands at
the beim *• dy and guides the s'.iip of state,
never uttered a pratoiinder truth than when
he averred that wiiere the bail of a c■■unlry
was slave on the one side, and the other half
was free, tue ci untry could not prosper per
petually under that r'gim?n ; either the slave
part must overrun the free part, or the free
part absorb the slave part. 1 say he uttered
a truth to which 1 subscribe. Wi.y, sir, if
one side of a minis paralyzed, his muscles
contracted, the cireulatio i of the blood imped
ed. an 1 the other side is seemingly liealthv,
eidirr the paralyzed pirt will, by degrees,
send its ereq ug paralysis over the well part,
destroying i', or tue well part will set.U the
current >f vitality through the diseased [>or
tion. it I say, sir, in a country where
the one portion is free a: d the other slave,
there is a uu_:g e as to which inu-t v.rtualiy
predouioiate. These arc general principles,
for 1 am df-u .iig hi principles. In ail gener
al em• rgtmcies trie part o' wisdom, of patriot
isoi, of lu roism, of manhood—tlie part ot rrne
psrtyisiu is to meet the emergencies fr inkiy,
piainiy, ui.fultcringly. Now, sir, there is a
great emergency in this country 1 care not
to what party a man may belong, if he has
anything of patriotism, of vri-Jom or marhood
tbMt imu. ii bCcomee him to look the aner
genc fai ty and squarely in the face and meet
it acc :u---g to the need-, of tile day. L.t hioi
be once a partaan, but seven limes a [aliiot
Now listen to me for one moment. S/ur-vy
in this c \ , :' r u is the i~h le causer,f cur cristi**
troubles 1 know <; Has been said that our dif
ficulties lure ar.aen from t.he extremists of the
tiorib or a •olitiouists. I know it has been said
also that our trouoies have been caused by the
overwhelm ug and overweening desire of cer
' tain men in the south for power, goaded on by
an insatiable and vaulting ambition. Strip it
of all dx_'ir<e*. sir. and cail things by their
right names and " give the devil his due and
:L .s summea up just in the phraseology I have
given you, that slavery is the cause of your
trouble. Why was that company of men
s'andirg in front of the Ex°cutive Chamber
this morning ; and why w as the Governor gtv
ing the n an encouraging and patriotic address?
Becaus? t..ere has been slavery in the country.
Why have you six hundred thousand men gath
ered from the Lilis and valleys, armed from
head to foot, encamped and tented on the bat
tle field ? Because there has been slavery ir.
the country. Why arc there so mauy of your
brothers, and your friends, and jonr sons, lying
to-day upon the hill side cold as ths icicle, or
in the valley withered I ke eras.-. ' Beeause
there is slaviry in the country. Why have
we a war debr to-day of seven hundred and
fifty millions, with the gloomy prospect r*f its
duplication '! Why rocks the Gove-ument ?
Why goes there up tiom land aDd sea this
wading cry of b. -od 1 bio. d ! 1 biood I ! ! Be
cause, s.r. siavcrv has gone to seed aud shelled
its bitter fruits upon our head-
Let u pau=e and look the foul -y-tem In the
face. TV -~ the Southern ?t ites about
three fcnudred oi.d fifty thousaud slave own
ers. Tacre may be a tew more now. but this
in a fair estimate. They jioki about four mi!-
li na of human beings as goods and cLatths.—
Tiny clai.a the rigut to hold, mortgage, toy,
•-e; and speculate upon them. Tney sttit the
increase of tbeir captives as an increase of
weaith. They breed them as a marketable
Commodity for the shambles. When their ie
git ioate mcrease is too limited to aaUsiy u.sa
t.a: • ti:. : w-.-ar. g -.rc-.-ocy an j taking
e ut.sri rily of the hastst passl"m, these pam
pered tyraots poor their own b'ood into A f ri
can veins, that they mav thereby pat dollars
into tbeir eoff-rs and wine upon their dinner
table? They oiaim the right to ?roaige.brand,
break and crush their victims into an unquali
fied submission to all the whims and caprce?
PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY AT TOWANDA, BRADFORD COUNTY, PA., BY E. 0. GOODRICH.
of unbridled power. They claim the right to
1 extend their peculiar institution wherever they
! please.
1 was in Alexadria last April, when the
distant moan of this present storm was first
stealing upon the public ear. I was in the
very house where the martyr Ellsworth was
• killed, and in conversation with a southern di
! lapidated " gentleman," he made this remark
to me : Said he, " these troubles can very I
quickly be quieted." I inquired, " how, sir?"
I will give you his luuguage : " why," said he,
" the north must just mind their own business j
and leave the d—d nigger question alone. If
we wish to work uiggers, that is all our busi
ness. II the north wish to take their horses
into the territories, we shall not object ; if we '
wish to take our niggers there, they should
not object. If they leave thut question alone ;
to us the difficulty will speedily be quieted."
. i They claimed the right to carry their slaves
wherever they pleased, from sunrise to suu
! down. Not only thai, sir, they claim that
Christendom, outside of them, should endorse
their c aim. They demand that I should in- j
terpret the Btbie so that the Bible should quad
rate with their pretensious uud assumptions
i They demanded that even tract societies and
missiouary organizations should be subordinate j
and your very school bo .<ks should be expur- j
gated, so as to favor tbeir practices. They j
forbade discussion, they commanded silence.—
As the foolhardy autocrat threw shackles into i
! the Hellespont to chain its waves and its roars, !
• so these yet greater fouls have sought to cast |
manacles, into the world's great sea of mind, j
i hoping to curb its pnlsations and stay its in
qu;r cs. Th y claimed the right to coutrol the
; government and to monopolize its posts of
honor and profit, and too generally they have
succeeded. They claimed to select the Presi
dent, and when or before selected to put him
under bond and oath to do their bidding and .
obey their behests. Tney require that every ;
free ram in the free slate-, whenever they j
should command, must turn idoouhound and j
hunt down their fngitiv-"*. Toe fou! deed has •
been done in sight of thi very capitol ! In a
word, they claimed that science and religion,
governments and laws, c. -u, angels and Goo .
Himself should bo sub r linuteaud tributary to
slavery To this -gat" of facts the eyes of the
world have been gradually opening till IS6O,
when, iu the nan 1 of the American peo- ,
pie, au injunction was placed upon the siavc
ocracy • > the election ot a ilupu dican Presi
dent.
X >w, sir, what followed ? The intellectual
perceptions of tbe wise, the moral convictions 1
of the good being agai .st' them, the sceptre of
power being wrested from Ui ir crasp ; nnu
tearing they m : g'u not consummate their plaus
while upholding the country, th y resolved to
establi-h their pro-slavery c!u r m, by destroying |
thnt country. Blind as Samson, and thrice as I
foolish, they rah madly at the pillars of the
Government, resolved that if tuey are not
allowed to monopoliZ' its adm i-i.-traiiou, tht-y
will upheave its foundations, though they b;:y
them-elves beneath its failing ruins. Dead to
a!! the nobler impulses of manhood, and only
aiive to the acquisition and exercise of tyran
ical power, tbeir is the lauguage of M.ilou's
Monarch Fiend :
"To re i- worth amUlioa though Sa liell.
Better to reign in Hell than serve in Heaven."
If inert- hi I been no slavery in this coantrv
there wou d have been uo war Deuy it—who
can ? The interest upon the national debt
must be paid annuaay ; aud iu iatsing euougu
to pay that interest ou the debt of the Genera!
Government, the pro rata part of Pennsylva
t.ia will sixteen millions of dollars per
annum. Hear it, ye hardy men, from the ceo
- tre to the lake shore 1 Sixteen tuuhous of
. dollars are tu be wrung troca your earnings as
i a tribute necessarily levied upon yoi in main
taining the Government and upholding the
country against t.e of pros' .verr as
• s;iNsins. Bat tor slavery in the country yon
wou id have saved tne uation that expenditure.
Mr. Speaker, that was ~n unlorlunate occur
, rer.ee iu the year 1620, whets ft Du'ch vessel
lauded its cargo tf twenty slaves npon the
shores of Virginia. The institution was plant
ed there, the dragon's teeth were sown there :
aud DOW we are reaping a harvest of bayonets
The institution was weak then ; it vva- lis • a
lion's whelp—a child could fondle it aud a chil J
could lead it—bnt that whelp has grown, ud
grown ! and grown ! until it has become a
monster ; and to-day it is that monster that
crouches upon the banks of the Potomac, be
leagures tour capital and cualieuges your very
nationality. Gentlemen must not try to shift
the cause of our difficulties, nor to cover it up ;
it is slavery from beginning to end, from the
foundation to tne capstone.
1 think I have dwelt upon that point long
enough. Tuis is now a contest, Mr. Speaker,
of nationalities. About ten months ago, wuea
we were a>senibled in this place, there was a
screw looe in the Southern State s , something
was wrong ; there came op, stealing npon our
ears, certain passing and troublesome sounds ;
and we called it an insurrection, a little rebel
l.oa. 1 remember we thought it was necessary
to take some cognizance of the natter acd
make some preparation for the defence of the
country, aud we introduced a resoiution here
to appropriate five hundred thousand dollars
for the defence of the State. I remember with <
what reluctance some nu-n voted for it : and I
r'meiiber toi with what earnestness some men
voted against it ; and I remember also that
b lore toe flowers of Jane had fuiiy developed
ihemseives, the same geutiemea who voted
agaiust the appropriation of five huuared thuu
sand dollars, were rcas>embled herewud eager
ly voted the appropriation of three and h half
mil. .on dollars. And I say. hy way of appii
cation of toat fact, geutiemea here to day woo
vn.. vote against this measure for the abolition
of slavery in the D.strict of Colombia, before
three years— nay, sir, before one year has
passed—will gladly sustain m*asores a? much
to advance ot this a* three aud a half millions
of dollars were iu advance of half a mdhoo.—
The world move s , aud men are compelled to
move with it, or be craved by it. This is a
contest for rationality—kingdom* against
kingdoms, force grappling with force
0
" RESARDLE3S OF DENUNCIATION FROSI ANY QUARTER."
" —arms on armor clashing, bray
Horrible discord."
Our hosts are uumbered by the half million.
That little cloud that rose in the heaven 9, no
larger lhau a man's hand, has expauded and
unfolded until it covers the whole political hor- 1
izon, and poors its crashiug thunders over the ;
whole country. It is a question of national!- j
ties that is to be decided. We must not un- j
derrate the strength of the enemy who is ,
against us ; we must not consider that the
; difficulty is near a terminus either, sir. The j
euemy is strong in numbers, haviug almost as .
many meu iu the field as we have, with others
i ready to come. They are strong iu that pecu- j
liar element of strength—will—re oiution— j
j determination. They adopt the language of
the archangel, fallen Belzcbub, when he was ;
floundering iu the sea of burning marl, who, j
according to Milton, (and I do not know but
that there is a blood relationship between our
enemies and that rebellious spirit)—when he
found himself hurled from the heights of
heaven and his vengeful cohorts w ere repulsed
and dismayed, addressed his burning hosts—
" what though the field be lot, all is not lost
while there remains the firm resolve aud un
conquerable will." So, s.r, when the enemy
have retired from a place at which they have
been defeated, they say to the people of the
country around about, " buru your houses, de
stroy your property, leave a wasted country
for ou" iuvaders to live upoa." You recollect,
sir, that address which Howell Cobb and
other rebels issued to the people of Georgia ,
Do you remember how much of vengeance was
iu it I It reminded a man of Moscow when
the Russians determined to destroy that beau
tit til c.ty, to buru it dowru iu order to defeat.
Napoleon, that " thunderbolt of war.'' Aad
it is this determination to rival, if thej can, all •
that is told in history ; it is th. ir determina
tion to conquer or perish ; either to be victors
or corp-es, that makes tliera strike, though ;
they are defeated. Furthermore, this very iu
stilUvion we are d'scuihng to day lias always
| been their btreugth—tneir pi itieal strength— ,
ecclesiastical strength-—and t.uw it is their
martial strength, i'aa youug gentlemen go •
to the battle field to win epaulets and the
slaves dig the trenches and facni>h NUpplit-s 1
You leave the institution of slavery u itouciieJ,
and it is an element of strength to the enemy;
and so long as you leave it undisturbed it is a. (
pregnant source of power against you. Tin
moment you d.s urb it, however, it becomes at
element oi weakness and danger to the foe.— '
The question is oi.e of nation dity, not a ques
lion as to the mere extent vf the war. Tut
question is thi*, and the Contest is based upon
it : In this country and on thin co'.tiuent, J
which shall triumph—freedom or slavery 1 — .
Strip it of ail d semises, it ctraes to that naked j
question : wnicb snali triumph on the battle
field, control t.he pulpit and guide the country
freedom of slavery ? That is whut we are
fighting about Now, sir, I say lraukly that .
whatever lies in the way of saving our country. !
upoolding our government, suppressing entir -!
iy and forever the rebellion : whatever stands j
in the way should be swept aside. When a j
fire breaks out in the city, when the breath of j
the burning element threatens destruction to :
every inflamable material within its rang", and
there is no other way to head it off, the cus- j
torn is to go in a lvar.ee of the fire and blow
np the buildings, uo matter how rich, costly
and antiquated they may be. As slavery kiu
died-this fire of rebellion and uow adds fuel to
its fart, let it be biown oat of existence that
the conflagration may be stayed and our cita
de l saved. I affirm w.th al! caudor and coo!- ;
ne.-s that sooner than see this government
overthrown by these rebels, and this country
with all its wide spread interest* made sabject
to slave domination. I Would, had I the power,
uncap the magazines of perdition and sprinkie
every square rod of rebel soil with i.e.l fire and
brimstone. I would not hesitate at aii to do thus
to save the country. S.r. it s'naii be saved; there
is no doubt about it. And whatever man or
whatever institution, wnatever interest, what
ever association or whatever pians stood in the |
way of the complete and perpetai salvation of
thsdconntry and government, I would sweep '
al; away a* the whirlwind sweeps the gossamer.
Am I to go hiding around the pillars of your
capitol, whining about slaveholders' constitu
tional rights, when those very pillars are tremb
ling to their fall, under the ruthless attacks of
these meu ? Constitutional rights of slave
holding traitors—traitors who are stabbing to
the heart that very documeut which has hith
erto shielded them in its mighty embrace ! !
S.r, they have no constitutional rights save
the right to die for their crimes.
This question of slavery meets us at every
turn, it can neither be dodged nor evaded.
No Senator upon this floor, belong to what
party he may, can evade it. It meets the j
President and his calibe*, the Secretary of
War and Lr? counsellors ; it meets ns here and
it meets Congress in the halla of natiouai legis
lation ; it meets us in our diplomatic relations
w.th foreigu powers ; it meets us at home and i
ou the stern and bloody battle field ; and I i
avow with emphasis, ice must sw.' it. But how?
Necessarily io one of three ways. We can
submit to it, be ruled and ruined by it. But
for this mode of meeting it, uo sane man U
prepaYed. The proposition carries its refuta
tion with it, for it is but a covert mode of re
commending suicide. In the second piace, we '
can contiuue as we have been doing, fight the
rebeihon with one hand and boid up s.avery
with the other, until both parties are exhaust
ed, then sett.e our difficulties by allowing cr
by eorn[)e!iing the seceded States to fall back
into the Union with slavery, slave representa
tion and all its concomitants as aforetime. I
have ie&red there were too many men in high- j
er places who desire this mode of meeting it. j
But this would be a false aud fallacious care i
for our existing ills. Let no one delude him
self and others by pointing to this as the path
way from the wi.derness to the prom.sed land.
It never should, it ceTer can. it never will be
done. My reasons for so affirming are twe,
the general governmeot caanot meet it in tots
way, and the people never troutd aiiow it if
they could. Lst roe explain. Slavery is the
creature of State taws. The general govern
ment ts bound to protect each State ia the
maintenance of it* local laws and local institu
tions, so long as these do uot conflict with the
Constitution of the United States, aDd so long
as the State herself bows to the supremacy of
that instrument. But when au individual State
iguores the Constitution, and swears allegiance
to an alien and hostile Government, its local
laws full to tLe earth, and all the institutions
created by theui go down with them. The re
sult is, there is not to day a &iogle slave in all
the seceded State. There are millions of col
ored people, but no slaves. To wLvm do they
owe allegiance ? To the rebel confederate
government ? If you say yea, you acknowledge
that a legitimate and authoritative government.
Do they owe allegiance- to their masters ?
Traitors whom you are tryiog to kill are inca
ble of receiving allegiance Being outlaws,
they are entitled to nothiog by law. If you
say they owe allegiance to the United States
Government, as they certainly do, then I ask,
being relieved from all allegiance to the power
that made them slaves, and owing allegiance
only to the general government, which never
made a slave, by what authority, by what con
stitutional rule caa that government reduce
these millions ol free men and loyal subjects to
slavery? Congress never can do it—never
will dare allow it to be done. On the contrary,
the general authorities must proclaim to them,
" free we find you, free we leave you." The
people of the free States will never consent to
the restoration of slavery to its former status.
Political backs, office seeking demagogues
miuht allow it. but the people never.
The present war is nurturing in the public
mind a deep and avenging hatred against this
institution. Ttie mother at home lies awake
at the dead of uight, tearfully thinking of her
first born, of him who once lay upon her
bo.-om, euwrappeJ in the gushing sympathies
of maternal love, but now far away upon the
battle field, baring his manly bear: to the cold
steel and the showers of lead. In the agonies
of solicitude she inquires, Why is this? Why
is he absent ? The silent response steals in
up a her convictions, " because of slavery "
At th * depot at Elmirn, there is a daily average
arrival ot eight coffins, and similar arrivals at
.-very point ad over the land. Each rough
box brings not only the clay of a dead warrior,
but the spirit of a living lesson. Whatever
their former fe.lings, your soldiers speedily be
came biters of slavery, excepting the very few
who have not patriotism enough to preserve
them from putrefaction, nor go./J sense enough
to pull the trigger of a raseket.
The pulpit is awake. After a slumber of
years it now arouses itself in majesty. The
pulpit, the herald of the Son of God, the ful
cruui of moral power, the citadel of light and
truth, after wearing for years upon its mouth
a pad-lock, they key of which was ia the baud
of slavery, now opens its lips and speaks in
thflnder tones for justice and judgment.—
Throwing aside all shackles, as Sarnsou burst
frcm his giant limbs the ereen withe*, the
throne of the Prophets now remembers " those
that in bonds as bound with them." Men are
not ashumed Uow to preach io'favor of freedom
and against despotism—neither ashamed nor
afraid to do it. Ave, -ir, the people demand
it, and the voice of the people is Almighty
They Lave become wearied and disgusted with
the stale and false trash about a pro-slavery
Christianity—pro slavert Bible, and a pro-slav
ey God They spam and naueate the<e nos
trums cf clerical doctors whose divinity is sick.
The press has come to its sensibilities.—
Armed with a thousand tongnes and ten thou
sand teeth, it sets its types in lighting and
speaks its liberty-loving thunders through the
land.
Ttie public conscience that ha* laid for ngt*
I ke the Dead sen, respecting the subject of
-iavery—cold, slimy and inactive—full of hid
eous monsters in the shape of corrupt theories
and mighty lies—is now stirred to it* depths by
the breathings of a new life, and swells appeal
iag y tj IRaVGn, in behalf of humanity, in
behalf of t L e country—ugainst rebellion and
against slavery.
With all these tremeudons agencies marsh
ailed against him, agencies strong now, bc-conj
ing stronger every hour, is auy man so fool
hardy as to fancy it within the range of po=si
bilities to holo up much looger npon its trem
bling limbs an institution waging war upon
the country and upon every sure and noble
princip'e in the universe. It cannot be done.
Let no or.e iaj the flattering unctioa to his
soul. Tire handwriting is upon the wail. The
decree has gone forth. The day of doom
cometh. Congress has and always had supreme
authority over this and every other subject in
the District of Columbia. The Constitution
guarantees to them thi control. Let thc-m
dispose of this institution ia the Distri't at
once, theD let them pass out, take cognizance
of it ehewhere and sweep it from the ian \
We snail thus gi?e men the rights which our
patriot fatLers declared belonged to them by
birth. This is the way the question can and
must aud will be net. Do you not know, Mr.
Speaker, that revolutions never recede, that
the world progresses, that the world iu its
progress is like some machines we see in the
country that are moved with great levers
swinging forward and backward. There might
be ail apparent backward movement but it is
ooiy to take a new hitch for a mighty onward
push.
There is arnorat side to thisqnestion. Ido
cot propose to give apolitical tirade or deliver
a sermon; bat it becomes legislators to look a:
the moral aid* of everything. We most not
ignore the morality of any ouestior. I might
enlarge upoo this print but will oit ; bat I
say that progress is thegrea: iaw of hnmanity,
the seed of tod y is the uower of to morrow :
the acorn 01 this age is the giant Oak of the
next ; the child of this year is the man twcn
ty years from this. It is the great law that
the Almighty has wrapped arooad the physi
cal, toorai and iateiiectoal creation. The law
of progress adheres to white men and to col
ored men. Now,to carry on less development
at toe mind. ot the sou! and of the manhood,
institutions are inaugarated. If it woaid not
provoke a smde. and perhaps it wtrl not,,!
woiid say that coe of those iustitntiocs is mar
riage ; thoogb there are some gentleman on
VOL, XXIT. —NO. 42.
' this floor who know nothing of ita benefit*
from experience. The marriage relation uan
institution of rbe Almighty, about the oaly
relic left ol Paradise. Senators may take up
a niap of the world ; they may look over that
map carefully, and wherever they find a coun
try where that institution is ignored aud its
altars crushed to the earth, I will show thtui
an ignorant, corrupted und degraded people.—
Show me where that one institution is honor
ed, as the Almighty meant it should be, aod it s
altars stund pare end immaculate, aod I will
show you a wise, intelligent, progressive and
happy people. Another agency of progresses
this: the sanctities, the rights and enjoyments,
the privileges aud the associations of the
man relation. 1 thiuk it was Barke who
made this eloquent remark dilating upon the
privileges of the poor in England, lie said
that the poor ineu iu England might live in a
log hut so open that the storms and winds of
heaven might pour iu upon him unbidden, but,
said he, " the King cannot come in without
permission.'' Well, sir, that poor man when
lie sat down in that humble hut of his, with
his loved ones about him was permitted to en
joy everything that is crowded into that sweet
word ''home." Sir, you may go dowu to-day
and among your hardy troop* that beautiful
song, " home, sweet home,'' and those brave
hearts will quiver, and eyes unused to tears
will weep. Here is this relation —father,
mother, brother, sister, gathered together in
the home circle. Tnat association under the
great Goo, was designed to be the school of
virtue, of manhood, of joy aud of hope. Fur
ther, intellectual culture is connected with ha
mau greatness and progress. It is the devel
opment of the mind tbut develops every thiug
else, aud I wili add another element ; and
that is Free Labor. A man who labors
should have the fruits of his toil. If he sows
the fields he should reap the barvea. If the
sweat-drops failing from his brow are chaoged
into dollars, the dollars should be his. Free
labor awakens ambition and stimulates indus
try. Free labor exhumes the minerals, wa
g- s war against the primeval forests, openiog
up the bosoua of the earth to the baptism of
heaveu's sunshine aud dew. This it is that
builds your ships and spreads their sails on
on every sea—that bridges the rivers, tunnels
the mountains, stretches your telegraphs, awa
kcus the bum of machinery aod robes the globe
in wealth and beaaty. It is this that moves
the ®crid. It is necessary to man's progress
and the greatness of a country. Hob the peo
ple of tae privilege of free labor and you damn
the country hopelessly. Give them the free
wing of their intellectual powers and capaci
ties, teil them to enjoy the fruits of their toil
and you will start that nation of people upoD
a inarch of development of greatness aod grand
ure. Here is this institutiou of slavery, for
which ever Senators ia f.ee States have apol
og.z.-d bat of such apologies they will, ere long
become heartily ashamed—this institutioa at
cue fell blow strikes down all the progressive
agencies and evangelixers of human nature. —
It annihilates the marriage relation and com
pels its millions of victims to live in shamefal,
degraded, prostituted coccubioage. It breaks
up the family circle, grinds the tender ties of
natural relationship beneath its iron heel, frol
ics upon the agonies of broken hearts, and
scoffs at the ruins made by its own barbarism
it prohibits intellectual culture, and outlaws
moral derelopement, for Jefferson uttered a
great uutli wpen he affirmed, " to make aa
obedient slave, you must first make an iguor
snt, degraded man.'' Its whole superstruc
ture is based upon the auaihtlaiion of all vol
untary, cheerful, ambitious exertion. Him
that works is classified a3 a serf, mudsill, beast
of burden, it substitutis fear f#r hop<e, igno
rance for wisdom, vice for virtue,"retrogression
for progress, -qualid poverty for happy thrift,
and stimulates human muscles to their daily
tasks lj the lash and the branding iron.
Furthermore, sir, we live fn au age of Chris
tianity ; we are in a land of charches, of bi-
L.L- s , cJ private aud public missionary orgao
iz-itioas; we are in a land where this Constitu
tion is read; " we the people of the United
States in order to for a a more perfect Union,
to establish juslic, insure domestic tranquility,
provi Je for the common defence, promote the
general welfare anu secure the blessings of
iibtrly to ourselves and oar posterity, do or
dain this Constitution." We are in the land
of the Declaration of Independence. The
fact of the existence of such an instumeut as
that is almost glory enough for any land, if
it only be followed out. Got* Almighty by
his spirit had s•• ept the heart strings of Jeffer
son and forth leaped from his lips those im
mortal words, " ail men are created free and
equal, and endowed with certain inalienable
rights : and among them—let it be heard and
let cower and quail— * among
them life. iiber:r and the pursuits of hap
piness Immortal spirit ct Ji ff.-rson, w; thank
thee fur those words ; and may the time
speedily come when their will be will
ing to carry them out ! Now, sir, in a land of
bibles, cf churches, cf ciiristauity, of such a
declaration as that, with the memory of each
men among us, I ak shall we hesitate to say
to those WLQ have been captive in the
District of Columbia, go, only life liberty and
the pursuit of happipe*.
There is something said in the resolution
about pay to own-tre of slaves in such terms as
may be deemed jnst aud equitable. Very well;
1 say Congress w : l! settle the term?, only do
the thing I say the D.strict of Columbia is the
place to begin to attack this institution ; be
cause Congress has and ever had the eetire coo
trol of it there. This wiil serve as an entering
wedge; it is not to stop there—that is certain
L t Congress do th s, the Prudent sigo the
bill, and it indicates a policy. That is what
the peopie want, what is demanded, what the
exigencies of the day have called for. Let
this bill be passed and I say let it be pawed
at onct ; for be it remembered
T'aere is s tKc ia the sx!ts <aee.
Which, tVe:i a* ta*-flood. brain on to e>rto-*e ;
Gained aii the voyaje* nf then I '
Ji bound ia nhaUowt Uii in nieoss.
On saeb a full sea are we now tfi- ;
▲ad. we nojil take tbo current wnen it serves,
Or lose oen venture."
[Nee feur'h fig*.'