(HE D3LLAR PER ANNUM INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE. TOAV^VISTDA : Thursday Morning, November 15, 1860. Original |]octrn. (For the Bradford Reporter.) JESSIE Or LUCKNOW. 0 setting snn! Thou soou wilt cease to poor thy golden flood, And soon ths night thy absent light will weep in tears of blood. It is the last, and never more, when the voiee of morn ing calls, Will weary eyes behold thee rise o'er these beleaguered walls. Ere thou canst fix on town and tower thy long and burn ing gaze. Their lurid light will gild the night, and o'er the heavens blaze, And shriek and groan, and wail and moan, and flames and fitful flashes Shall tell where bravest British hearts bled on the smoul dering ashes. Then haste to lave, in the ocean wave, and when thy rising glory Shall brightly smile on Britain's isle, repeat the bloody story, And bid her sons to vengeance rouse,and round her stan dard rally From every green and castled bill, and every smiling valley— From Scotia's song-enchanted gleus, from mountain, loch and moor, From Erin's bright and flowery isle their stalwart yco men pour, — The wild winds tell their sails to swell, toward the em battled plain, While in thy beam their pennons stream o'er the bosom of the main. Brave liavclock '. how now thy heart for us witll atiguish yearns. And vengeance, like a pent-up fere, within tby bosom burns. .A fearless few are with thee here, whom death could not dismay, But dusky legions swarm between and foes bestft the way. t before the morn ing sun. And death and torture close ttic scene that famine lias begun. Thus sat and sighed a wasted form, a daughter true of Britain, And sadly, brightly beamed her ere, her cheek was hun ger-smitten. And deeply graven on her brow a mournful thought was written. 'Twere sweet to die in other scenes, beyond the stormy billow, 1 T>- i father's arms or sister's breast alight be her d\ - I iuj pillow, V Jad - ; y iheu to lie and rest beneath the whispering WIUuW. -V /i-*ars no more the clang of arms, the ramparts giving [ way, And the sound of labor's busy strokes, now dying with the day. Tien I.ove ami Memory, hand in hand, had wandered o'er the deep. Till peace came to her 'wildered soul as waving shadows creep, And in her sad companion's arms, poor Jessie fd! asleep. slit- saw, in dreams, her highland home, at the hour so glad and cheery. When, with the falling shades, each swaitl returns from labor weary. And sings some sweet and native strain to greet his "bon uie dearie." Rut harkthe Highland Battle-cry ! the pibroch wild and sin ill 1 " Dinna ye hear the slogan fine afar from hill to hill ? Where am I? did I sleep? alas! but hark! I hear it still! We're saved! we're saved! diuna ye hear?" "Ah no, poor Jessie Brown ; 1 *wt thy liewildered dreams of home 5 then sleep; now lay thee down." 1 * -a-ilentiy and mournfully she bowed her head and I ept - her bright and blissful dreams, and sighed that ■ ite had slept. I -'arting, cried, " Xay, tie ve 'he incessant thunder-bursts, and rattle, roll and din, • ' bag pipe's dear and piercing voice thrilled every ! heart within. T—n what a rapturous shout arose and echoed far away, To cheer their gallant comrades on, and all their toes dismay. I (Irau- soldiers wept their thanks, where tongues no lan guage found, ■ r ur "! ,s f blood, bat many a tear of joy bedewed the I ground. ! I' J Jril - n ' huj- fuk and clear those martial notes are I I _ S Wriling! I ' fires oelow have ceased to glow, the Sepoy's panic I telling— I TK I toward swaria is in a)arc;, )be;r no longer Mundiijg, I r -s heavenly music fills the air, 'mid evening gloom I surrounding. I I u, 'ong drum ! they come 1 they come ! those swar I thy myriads brayiqg, I j 'sinners proud, like sunsgt cloiufs o'er plumed heads I n ar * *avinß - gates thrown wide to Albion's pride, 'tis Havelock would enter! I 5(1 loudly shout, till the powers without shall tremble I their center. I "" save the Queen! GOD save the Queen! Brittauia I rule forever ! I ail or country s deathless sons, ye names forgotten I never! I " "uiT. tltmv my excellent friend Matsell, I passed along these narrow streets and stifling alleys. There has been a great change for the better. The Old Brew ery has given way to a mission house and a sort of home for childreti without parents.— Warehouses and granite stores are springing iup in new and crowded thoroughfares. But ; there is yet room, Heaven knows, lor still , greater changes More than a year ago, I ! gave you a short experience of high hotel : life in this city, and spoke of the almost exact similarity between the people of that time, in the gorgeous saloons and sweeping halls of those "steamboats ashore," and the people who flirted, fed, and flattered in the large ho tels ol New York, ten years before. And if 1 had uot known that Death hud been busy since my last nocturnal visit to the haunts of i lower life, gathering his human harvest, I ' could have almost sworn that the faces and i figure-., the not and rags, the filth and pro- 1 Canity of yesterday night were the same that ' had saddened and startled me before The evening was a lovely one. There was a young moon in a clear oky, and the atmosphere was soft uiid cool. The close lanes were crowded j with a mixed mass of men, women, and chil dren— uot those that Surged in and swept along Broadway, bur another race, probably as indifferent to Broadway as Broadway to them. Music was beard from almost every door ; glasses were clinking ; and above the din of voices the tones cf the gentler sex were heard as the octave flute is heard in the full orchestra. Let us enter one of these dens. First is the gin-shop, with a stout woman as the pre siding divinity, who welcomes us with no pleasant air, but who does not refuse admis sion when she sees the protecting "stars" that shine benignantly at our side. Next, the ball room ! Not a bad copy of other saloons with more pretensions. At the extreme end is a balcony, or box, in which are a violin, a clarionet, and a fife, each with a bloated face behind it, and the trio are producing a sort of drunken cotillion. The set is be ug formed. The women are first in position, each with her partner, generally invited by herself. The tneu are generally heavily begrimed and be whiskered ; and among them two who do not look to be over eighteen. " Most of these," said oqr guide, " are known to be burglars; and that fellow, at full length on the side bench, is supposed to have been guilty of at least three murders. That woman has had Eye hgsbands—the last is at sea—aud she wilj soon haye another ; and that young fel low, with the light cap, who dances so grace fully. and is dressed so well, is oue of the most expert pickpockets iu the country." We left the usual fee ; but were informed that the girls could not get gin till the ball was over. The tigress at the bar kept them sober on light potations till this part of their slavery was performed. These frail sisters are mostly attached to these houses as so many fixtures, paying so much a week for their board, (at least $5,) which they must earn by the double sacrifice of body aud of soul ! I heard some stories of the way they are treated by their overseers—who are too often fiends in the shape of men—how they are driven out when tbey yield to the temptation? around them— fiow they are forced to submit to the most in human brutalities—and how, in utter despera PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY AT TOWANDA, BRADFORD COUNTY, PA., BY E. O'MEARA GOODRICH. " REHARDLESS OP DENUNCIATION FROM ANY QUARTER." tion, more than one finds peace in an early grave, a willing victim to the vice she labored to resist, or to that longing for death which is gratified by poison or the knife. But I will not repeat these details j for sooth to say, if they were fit to tell, they would not be be lieved, familiarly notorious as they arc here. In one of these (fens, where gin was not pro hibited, 1 saw a child, of not more than six years, stupid with rum—its eyes half closed in drunkenness, and its little face bloated ! " For God's sake, give me some air," said one of our parly, " I cannot stand this a moment longer." Wait, oh over-delicate and squeamish friend! You will cry for " air" presently with a sin cerer zeal. We are as yet only in the vesti , bule ot these mysteries. What we have to ; see lies farther on in the night. Be patient, and do not let thy gorge rise too soon. " Stoop here, and take care of your watch es." " This," said our kind policeman, "is the resort of those who get gin at a cent a glass! Enter!" Gracious God! and are these thy creatures ? Hanged on benches, in a narrow cave, are the victims of this infernal traffic. They are all worse than idiots.— There is not one of them who has intelligence enough to contend for equality with a mon key. They glare at you with meaningless eye ; they gibber through trembling und quiv ering lips, and try to arrest you with weak hands as you pass. If they converse with each other, it is like a conversation between baboons. " This," said our guide, (touching the shoul der of a man who, with bauds in his pockets, vacantly gazed upon us,) "is a good mechan ic, who can earn good wages if he chooses, but every now and then he breaks out into a frolic, and iiere is the place he comes to spend his leisure in. I am sorry. Ben," he said, turning to the man, " to see you here again." The poor fellow bowed his head and left the den. As it was growing late, we were invited by our escort to look at some of the lodging rooms in the neighborhood. With lanteru in hand, which served to make his "star" visi hie, and to show the way to ricketty stairs, we descended into a deep cellar. On opening the door, there steamed up such a stench as made us recoil as before a blow, creating in describable sensations—breathing, it might be, infectious disease. The first sight that met our eyes was a ba by, calmly asleep in its cradle, watched over by a blear-eyed and drunkeu mother, who greeted us with a laugh, and pointed to the inner chamber, where was a sight that only the pen of Dickens, or the pencil of a Wilkie, could describe. The evening was not cold, but the keeper of this airless hole had lit a lire in a dilapida ted stove, which seemed to increase the stench that filled the place as with a cloud. Filed on benches, packed upon shelves, lay human beings—happily, up to this time all men— ouie asleep, some glaring upon us like wild beasts, and all apparently miserable. The proprietor sat betweeu the bunks, smoking his pipe and answering questions. Iu another of these catacombs (for so they may well be called ; the living bodies exhaling an odor as putrid as if the bodies were as dead us the sensibilities they feebly surrounded,) there was a still more hideous sight. Here husbands and wives—for so let us believe them to be—lay together. A sick dog whined iu a corner, keeping up an unearthly yell, and making us shudder before the superstition that greets such a sound as the forerunner of death; and between his agonizing wail and the curses o: the men and women around me, I thought, for a moment, that 1 was in a lesser I'ande monium. "Gentlemen, are you satisfied?'' said out kind guardian. " Yes, more than satisfied," said a Phila delphia friend by my side, who only stuck to me because I should have upbraided liiui for his desertion. Following our "star," in single file we be gan to ascend a building of some three or four stories, ulong dark entries, up creaking stairs, and through gloomy passages, until we came to a room at which the officer knocked loudly. For some moments there was no answer, but at last a gruff voice cried out: " Who's there ?" "An officer." " What do you want ?" " I waut to see you. I've got company for you." " They shall not come in ; you have uo business with me. 1 tell you I'll not open the door." The officer turned to us and said : " Here is an old customer who knows his legal rights. I wish 1 could show you his crib ; but I will uot break open his door." On another story we had less difficulty. At a single rap the door opened, and there stood before us a negro more hideous in his ngliness and more terrible in his appearance than I can describe. A mingling of w hat one reads of Fagin and Bill Sykes ; a combination of craft and of sensuality ; a brutalized idea of a vul gar Shylock, and an inhuman bully. " Well, Tobe," said our guide, " how are you tonight, aud how ari your wives?" " Pretty well, thank you sir," he responded, bowing, and pointing to a corner, where, 011 a single pallet, with an unoccupied space be tween, lay two white females who had ouCe been women, arid now were brutes. It was now verging upon the 6mall hours, ami we turned our atteutiou to the station house of another ward. On our way the offi cer picked up a little boy, with what seemed to be a cigar box slung over his shoulder— a boy not more than live years old. He was without father or mother, had been peddling his candies and begging his pennies since morning, and seemed to be glad to be cap tured, because, all guiltless as he was, he might thus secure a resting-place for the night. Our officer informed us that it was no uncom mon thing for children, from ten to fourteen, to he accomplished as pickpockets, and to make a business of asking alms ; but this lit tle fellow was not of this class. We carried < him to the station house, and made ample compensation to him for our indifference, be cause that we had just seen seemed to carc for 110 human sympathy or assistance. The lieutenant at this station kindly threw open the doors of the lodging rooms, and of the cells for prisoners taken up during the night. In one of these rooms we couuted fourteen women—homeless and friendless crea tures, who had there sought shelter. Some Were asleep, and those who waked drew their shawls over their bare beads to avoid the gaze of the visitors. One held in her arms a ehild, about two years old, whose little pale face and attenuated limbs indicated that the sands of its life were fast running out, and that Providence intended to rescue it from the fate of the poor wretches around it. Outside of this small and close cell, on benches, were stretched other women. Not a few of their countenances showed past beauty of no ordinary character. The black, glossy hair of one, her white teeth, and her finely chiselled features were evidence that, young as she was, she had flaunted her brief day as a queen among her class. But she, too, was not long for this life. At the end of the corridor was a room some what larger, occupied by the men lodgers.— Here the degradation was more apparent. The bruised and bloated faces, the shoeless feet, the filth, and the noisome smell that exhaled from their bodies, created a sensation of in describable nausea. They were packed in like herring, all, without exception, the victims of drink aud its attendant vices and crimes. Down stairs were the cells iu which the prisoners of the night were confined— sentenced 011 various charges ; some for drunkenness and others for theft and burglary. On one of the hard pallets a woman was reposing. She roused up at our approach and began to weep and moan in the most heart-rending manner. Next door to her was a mother with a child in her arms. Oue cell contained three men. My attention was called to one of these, an aged man, who came forward and protested tiiut his companion was killing hiin. "He ha< beaten me," said the man, " for the last two hours ; I am here for nothing ; I have committed no crime ; I have seen better days. For the sake of humanity take me out of this place " His appeal was sustained by the ap pearance of his tormentor—a young and stal wart Irishman, with a hideous face, who pour ed out a torrent of profane vituperation upon the old man. Tne officer kindly released the latter, amid the most earnest expressions of gratitude. The station houses seem to be superior to those of Philadelphia. The accommodations for the officers are neat and convenient J the hall itself large and well ordered ; and the whole economy of the place admirable. Most of the lieutenants are men of education and character, and the discipline of the rank and tile of the police seems to be exact and severe. A record is kept of all those who are lodged and confined ; their ages, sex, occupation and residence. The majority of the guilty and the poor seemed to be males, but the proportion of females was frightfully large. The adventures of these unfortunates would furnish a startling commentary upon the scar city of female employment, and the inadequacy of female wages. Attracted to New York, they run a brief career, after as brief a resis tance to the allurements of vice, aud die an early death. The history of a young girl from an adja cent village was told to 11s. She was extreme ly lovely ; but, fond of dress and admiration, was induced on one occasion to pay a visit to New York, by a man who represented him self as a merchant, and proved to be a gam bler. She ueVer returned to her happy home, but became an inmate of one of the Mercer street houses, where she remained for some two years. At the end of this time she had contrived to rave some fifteen hundred dollars, and then resolved to change her course in life, and to live upon her little fortune. At this moment the* tempter again appeared, in the person of her seducer. She loved him ardent ly, and, with a woman's confidence, surrender ed to his keeping her money, 011 the promise that it should be repaid five fold. She never saw him more, " and now," said the officer, " she is almost a nightly occupant of one ol our cells." Those who have read the works of Dickens will remember how he delineates the mystery of thieving in all its Varieties ; the skill and dexterity ol the London burglars ; the utter degradation, even of children of both sexes, reared amid evil associations, and the difficul ty of defeating the really guilty. New York cannot, of course, equal London in this res pect, but it has many representatives worthy the pen of the illustrious lloz. Anecdotes are related of boys of tea years, who make the circuit of the city, day and night, with violin and tamborine, and return with a considerable harvest, taken from the pockets of their au diences, all of which, in turn, is counted over to their leader, who exercises a brutal tyranny over his youthful followers. The nationalities of the hahitues of the part of New York that we visited are American, (Jerman and Irish. Of course, American rowdyism is there represented in its worst pha ses, but the fondness for liquor seemed to show itself less among the Germans. Those who resort to the German dens prefer lager beer, while in other quarters we noticed that gin, whisky, and other poisouons decoctions were the favorite beverages. Onr next and last visit was to the negro headquarters. Down stairs a stable, the sec ond floor a coffin warehouse, the third a ball room and a bar ! The contrast was entirely in lavor of the colored ladies and gentlemen. The room was cleaner, the females better dress ed and better behaved, and the men looking healthier and more alert. A large party oc cupied the floor as we entered. The music was good, and the dancers more decorous than thnt we had seen. Among those who partici pated, we noticed four young white men, ap parently clerks from neighboring stores. They seemed to be much cousternated at the ap pearance of the officers and the strangers. But they worried through the dance, aud took the first opportunity to escape. Leaving a fee with the woman who had charge of the place.we return to our carriages, and reached our quarters tired, jaded, depress ed. Philadelphia has its sore spots,like New York. The Press lately published a very faithful daguerreotype of the condition of the degraded iu Bedford, Baker, aud Spafford streets. But 110 such sights appal the senses in our city as those which are so common in New York. If time had permitted, we should have given more evenings to the examination of other places. What we saw was but a por tion of the city. When we left our hotel, early in the even ing, Broadway, in a bright moonlight, was crowded with foot-passengers. The street was covered with carriages and vehicles of all de scriptions. Streams of light poured from gay stores, and joy and comfort seemed to abound. When we returned, that vast thoroughfare was deserted and quiet. The contrast between the close and stifling alleys we had left, and this splendid avcnue.stretching for miles through the heart of that great metropolis,was strange ly suggestive. How few of those who flaunted on Broadway cared for their human brothers and sisters, perishing within five minutes' walk ! Beyond, aud in the aristocratic portion of the city, in the Fifth aveutie —where, for other miles, stretch lordly palaces, crowded with luxurious adorments, and occupied by those whose wants are anticipated and whose tastes vitiated by an excess of wealth, there is a criminal indifference to the suffering poor.— Little of the vast revenues coined in specu lation aud in trade is diverted to their relief. The annual contribution to the fashionable church, the frequent presents to a popular preacher, may be said to be the usual limit of the charities of the over-rich. Iu their eyes, penury is crime, aud oue poverty-stricken wretch detected and confiued is made an ex cuse for including the whole class, llow much such a man as Astor might do to alleviate the distressed and to rescue the degraded ! One month's income set apart every year of his al most countless wealth; devoted to the payment of a volunteer force,instructed to provide lodg iugs for those who stroll these streets, night and day ; expended, for the gathering in of the fatherless children, who, having none to care for them,beg and steal that they may live; to the cleansing of the narrow lanes in the neighborhood of the old Five Points ; to the removal or purification of the tumble-down tenements, in which hundreds hide themselves —would confer more lasting honor upon his name than all thegifts ostentatiously bestowed for doubtful purposes. J. W. F. THE DI KE OF NEWCASTLE ON* THE PRIXCF.'S VISIT.— The Philadelphia Press says that the 1 Duke of Newcastle, speaking on tie subject of the Prince's visit to this country, to a gentle man of that city, said : " I wish it could be stated,upon my author ity, that the visit of the Prince of Wales to the United States cannot have other than the very best results. Everywhere he has perceiv ed with what kindness—l might almost say with what affection—his mother, the Queen, is regarded here by all classes, and be has been deeply touched by the consideration extended to him upon her account. lie has been able to compare the Canadas with the United States, and mark how different institutions have created different results. Above all, lie carries back with him a sense of strong per sonal obligation for the warm kindness of his reception here, aud—for the English are not ungrateful—this will he shared by all classes at home, who feel a kindness rendered to themselves. To the frank with you, this visit will decidedly make England and America better and warmer friends than ever. Should the question of a difference ever arise depend upon it,the Prince will frankly protest against it alleging,in support of his views, his personal familiarity with the character and inexhausti ble resoneces of a country which rivals Eng land in the arts of peace, and can summon three million of volunteer well disciplined soldiers to fight for her, if the inisfortuue of war should arise." CHRIST'S LOVE TO HIS PEOPI.E. — Said a stranger, " while traveling down the Ohio river 011 a steamboat, my attention was called to the pilot, who was a coarse-looking man. The captain informed me that three weeks ago, as the boat was going through the rapids the pilot called him to take the helm. He had just seen a boy struggling for life in the rapid . He sprang into a mere skill' and ventured himself among the boiling waters without an oar,and saved the boy. 1 went up to the brave man and spoke to him ; ' Do you ever see the boy whom you saved ?' ' Yes,' he answered, 'at every trip he comes down to the boat to see me.' ' And how do you feel when 3011 see him ?' ' More than 1 can tell,' lie replied, 1 more intense interest than in any of my own stven at home for whom I have run no such risk.' Thus there is joy in Heaven over no sinner that repenteth, more than over niuety and nine just persons who need no repentance. Thus Jesus will regard those whom he has saved with more interest than the augels." BOYS OUT AT NIGHT. —The practice of allow ing boys to spend their their evenings in the street is one of the most ruinous, dangerous and mischievous things possible. Nothing so speedily and surely marks their course down wards. They acquire under the cover of the night, an unhealthy state of mind, vulgar and profane language, obscene practices, crim inal sentiments and a lawless and riotous bear ing. Indeed, it is in the street,after nightfall that the boys generally acquire the education and capacity tor becoming rowdy, dissolute, criminal men. Parents, do you believe this ? Will you keep your children at home nights, and see that their home is made pleasant and profitable.— Roch. Union. HgpAn irritable man is somewhat like a hedgehog rolled up the wrong way, and pier ced by his own prickles. VOL. XXI. KO. 24. Ctanfiraal jhfartimt Star The Teachers Institute,for th-at part of Bradford county embraced in Frauklin,Overton Albany, Asylum, Monroe, Towanda, Wysox, and Sheshequin townships, met pursuant to adjournment, at Monroeton, Oct. 15. Rev. S VV. Alden was appointed chairman, By an oversight the secretary was not elected until the close of the session. Every morning during the session, religious exercises were conducted, in which each of the resident ministers participated. During each day, the teachers were throughly drilled OP the following studies. Reading, Writing, Arithmetic, MenfaJ Arithmetic, Composition, Orthography, Geography and Grammar. A committee consisting of one person from each town represented was appointed to draft re solutions. The Institute also voted to close the session on Friday evening. Tuesday evcuiug.—The followiug resolution was offered: Resolved, That Teachers, and not parents, should direct the studies of scholars. After considerable discussion by members of the In stitute and others, the resolution was laid on the table. Wednesday evening—Music, Reading by members of the Institute, and theu a short dis cussion on the followiug resolution: llesolcecl, That parents and guardians are under as much obligation, to visit the schools, wheie their children are receiving an education as they are to visit their work shops or other places of business. The discussion was suspen ed to listen to Prof. O. S Dean of Towanda, who delivered a very able and appropriate address on. " The relation of teachers to their pupils" A vote k of thanks was tendered to Prof. Dean for his address. Thursday evening—The resolution under dis cussion at the time of the address, was called tip, and alter a fuil discussion was decided in the affirmative, by nearly, or quite, a unani mous vote. Mr. James Clark delighted the audience by a declamation, after which, Mr. George Cory delivered a lecture on " Geogra phy—The importance of its study." The lecture evinced not only au acquaintance with Geography, but of extensive reading. It was listened to with great interest, aud a vote of thanks tendered to the lecture. Friday evening was devoted to a spelling school and declamation by James Clark. At the close of the session the committee on reso lutions reported, and the Institute adopted severally the following resolutions : liesilced, That at every meeting of our Institute we become more and more convinc ed, of the utility and benefit of such meetings for teachers, and that it is the dutv of every teacher to attend if within his or her power. Jit solved, That ns teachers we should be thankful the giver of all good, for every opportunity given us for improvement, and we should endeavor to conduct ourselves on all such occasions, in a manner showing that we realize the responsibility of the vocation we have chosen. dissolved. That we reiterate the sentiment expressed by this Institute one year ago, at Wysox. That in Mr. Coburn, teachers have a kind and considerate friend,an appreciativeand able helper, and a judicious and careful ad viser, with this addition, that the convention of directors last May, have placed us under lasting obligatiou by again putting as in offi cial connection with him. Resolved, That we tender our thanks to the trustees of the Baptist church, for the use of their edifice, for our meetings, to Mrs. Mulleu for the use of her musical instrument, and to all the people of Monroe and vicinity, who have, in any way, contributed to our comfort or interest. Having previously decided, that tbe next Institute should be held at Monroeton,session adjourned sine die. ROCEUA CRAMXEU, Sec'y. Tin: MISSION OK THE TEACHER. —Many fine things liave been said concerning the uiissiou of teachers ; a uiissiou truly important, inas much as they are commissioned uot only to teach a few elementary branches of knowledge to the children of the people, but to direct their education as men citizens. The best that has perhaps been written on this subject, is to be found in a memorial which the Minister of Public Instruction addresses to them. " Hum ble as the career of the schoolmaster may be," says the Minister, " and though doomed to pass his whole existence most frequently with in the sphere ola small community, his labors are, nevertheless, felt throughout society at large, and his profession is as important as that of any other public functionary. It is not for any merely local interest, that the law demands that every man should acquire, if possible, the kuowledge which is indispeusible in social life, and without much intelligence often languishes and degenerates ; it is for the state itself and the public interest: itis because liberty is certain and steadfast only among people enlightened enough to listen, iu every circumstance, to the voice of lleasou. Public elementary instruction is one of the guarantees of order and social stability. Doomed to pass his life in discharging the monotonous duties of his vocation, sometimes even in struggling with the injustice or the iugratitude of iguora ance the schoolmaster would ofteu repine, aud perhaps sink under his nlllictious, did he uot draw strength and courage from another and higher source than that of immediate aud mi.rc personal interest. A deep sense of the moral importance of his duties must support aud en courage him ; aud the austere pleasure of hav* ing rendered service to mankind, must become the worthy recompense which his own con-* science alone can give. It i his glory to pre' tend to nothing beyond the sphere of his obscure and laborious condition ; to exhaust his strength in sacrifices which are scarcely noticed by those who reap their benefit ; to labor, in short, for his fellow beiugs, aud to look for his reward only to God." &3F The World oftener rewards the appear ance of merit ; than merit itself.