. . B LUR PER ANNUM INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE.
TOWANDA;
, nHsaay Morning, November 18, 1858.
; ftlcdtb Portrtj.
MAKE RUBRUM.
p Lj
BT OI.tVKK WKMiKI.I. HOLM KS.
Flfc.h <wt a stream of Wood-red wine ! -
f„ r i would drink to otlier days ;
ll j . nd brighter shall their memory shine.
Seen toning through its crimson blaze.
I j ro>o- die, the summers fade ;
IYt ever y ghost of boyhood's dream,
Bv jfatore's magic power is laid
"to beneath this blood-red stream.
% It fi ned the purple grapes that lay
1 I Au d drank the splendors of the sun;
whore the long summer's cloudless day
4 >< mirrored in the broad tiaronne ;
* It j ietures still the bacchant shapes
That -aw their hoarded sunlight shed,—
f j The maidens dancing on the grapes,—
| ] Their milk-white ankles splashed with red.
Pcneath these waves of rrim*on lie,
K| In rosy letters prisoned fast.
S j These flitting shapes that never die,
1 The swift-winged virions of the past.
Ki-s but the crystal's mystic rim.
Each shadow rends its flowery chain,
"1 springs in a bubble from its brim.
And walks the chambers of the brain.
■ j Poor Beauty ! time and fortune's wrong
. S'o form nor feature may withstand, —
I 1 Thv wrecks are scattered all along.
Like emptied sea-shells on the stand ;
Yet, sprinkled with this blushing rain,
The dust restores each blooming girl,
,A if the sea-shells moved again,
L 1 Their glistening lips of pink and pearl.
lhre lies the home of school -hoy life,
II With creaking stair and wind-swept hall,
.And. scarred by many a truant knife,
b I Our old intials on the wall ;
Here rest- -their keen vibrations mute—
The shout of voices known so well,
I The ringing laugh, the wailing flute,
The chiding of the sharp-tongued I*ll.
' I Here, clad in burning rolies, are laid
f 1 Life's blossom joys, untimely shed ;
And here those cherished forms have strayed
We miss awhile, and call them doau,
I I What wizard fills the maddening glass ?
, I What soil the enchanted clusters grew,
The buried passions wake aud pass
lu beaded drops of firey dew ?
'fl Nay. take the cup of blood-red wine.—
Our hearts ran boast a warmer glow,
Filled from a viutage mote divine,—
Calmed, but not chilled by winter's snow !
To-night the palest wave we sip.
Rich as the priceless draught shall be
■ That wet the bride of Una's lip,—
The wedding wine of Galilee !
IB i s 1111 Sitlß a S.
I THE KREMLIN.
Moss<>w. June, 185$.
Tf Moscow is the Mecca of the Russians, the
I Kremlin is its Kaaba. B ithin its ancient
I walls is gathered all that is holiest in religion or
most cherished 11 historical tradition. Kievi
and Novogrod retain hut a dim halo of their
former sanctity ; their glory lies wholly in the
past. The kingdoms of whieh they were the
center- had ceased to exist before the founda
tion ot Russian j tower. On the hill of the
Kremlin was first planted that mighty tree
wnose branches overshadowed continents. Ihe
fact that Tartar, Swede and Frenchman have
laid their axes at it very root, without being
able to lop off a single bough, though the
whole world awaited its fall, only endears this
spot the more to the Russian |>eople and
strengthens their superstitous faith in the Di
vine protection vouchsafed in it. The Tartar
planted his cresent 011 its holy spires, und there
it still glitters, but under the holy cross. Na
poleon housed iu its ancient palace, anil a
thousand of his cannon are now piled in the
court-yard. Its very gates are protected by
miracles, and the peasant from a distant prov
ince enters them with much the same feeling as
a Jewish priigrim enters the long-lost city of
Zitm.
The Kremlin hill stands very nearly in the
center of the city. It is triangular inform,
the longest side lacing the Moskva, about a
mile in circumference and somewhat less than
a hundred feet in height. Adjoining on the
cast is the Kilai (iorod , (Chinese City,) still
inclosed in its ancient walls. The original
walls of the eity were built by Demetrius Don
skoi, in the fourteenth century, and though fre
quently repaired, if not wholly rebuilt, since
that time, they still retain their ancient charac
ter. Rising directly from the Moskva, at the
foot of the hill on the southern side,they climb
it at either end,aud crown it 011 all other sides.
Uius, wlieu you stand 011 the opposite bank of
the river, yon see before you long, notched
walls,interrupted with picturesque Tartar tow
trs, like an antique frame to the green slope
°f the hill, whose level tops bear aloft its crown
of palaces, churches and towers. This is the
only general view one gets of the Kremlin, al
though its clustered golden domes are visible
from almost every part of the city. There
was formerly a lake-like moat around the nor
thern Fide of the hill ; but Alexander I. drain
and plauted it, aud it is now a pleasant
garden.
The mnin entrance is at the north-eastern
ai| gle, through a double towered jK>rtal called
the Sunday Gate. As I propose acling as a
tolet tic place for my fellow-traveler-readers, 1
p hall describe to them the notable sights of the
K remlin, in the order in which they met us. —
"c shall not enter, therefore, without pausing
tor a moment before this gate, to inspect more
closely a little chapel, or rather shrine, built
against the wall, between the two arch-ways.
Before the shriue is a platform thronged with
a bare-headed crowd, whose heads are continu
'• T bobbing tip and down as they cross Lhem-
H'lves. Every one who passes, going in or out,
u 'Jes the same, and many an officer, grave eiti-
THE BRADFORD REPORTER.
Zen or repleudent lady descend from the drosh
ky,presses through the throng and fall on their
knees before the holy picture inside the sanc
tuary. Wc press in, among hackmen, beggars,
merchants and high offeials, all so intent on
their manipulations that they do not even see
us, and finally reach a niche lighted with silver
lamps, before a screen dazzling with gold, sil
- and precious stones. A high-born lady in
silk and lace and a lousy-bearded serf are kneel
ing side by side and kissing with passionate
devotion the glass cover over a Byzantine mo
ther and child, of dark, mulatto complexion,
whose hands and faees alone are visible through
their gilded and jewelled mantles. This is the
"Iberian Mother of (rod"— a miraculous pic
ture, which, after working wonders in Georgia
and on Mount Athos, has for the last two hun
dred years been the protectoress of the Musco
vites. Her aid is invoked by high and low,
in all the circumstances of life, und I doubt
whether any other shrine in the world is the
witness of such general and so much real de
votion.
Once within the Sunday Gute, we see lie
fore us the long Krasnui J'loshad, or Red
Square, stretching southward to the bank of
the Moskva. Glose on our right towers the
gray wall of the Kremlin—for, although 011
the hill, we are not yet fairly within the sa
cred citadel—while on the left parallel to it,
is the long, low front of the (Jostinnoir Dear,
or Great Bazaar, lu the center of the square
is a bronze monument to Miuim aud Pojarski,
the Russian heroes, who iu IS 10 aroused the
people, stormed Moscow, aud drove out Ylad
islus of Poland, who had been called to the
throne by the Boyards. But for this act the
relative destiny of the two powers might, have
been reversed. The Russians, therefore, de
servedly honor the memory of the sturdy butch
er of Nijni Novogrod, who, like the Roman
Ciccronaecio, seems to have been the master
spirit of the Rovolution. 11c is represented
as addresing Pojarski, the General, who sits
before him, listening, one hand on his sword.
The figures are collosal, and full of fire and
vigor. A short distance beyond this monu
ment is a small circular platform of masonry,
which is said to have been a throne, or public
judgment sent, of the early Czars.
Proceeding down the square to its southern
extremity, we halt at last before the most as
tonishing strileture our eyes ever beheld. What
is it?—a church, a pavilion, or an immense
toy? All the eolors of a rainbow, all the
forms and combinations which straight and
curbed lines can produce, are here compound
ed. It seems to be the product of some ar
chitectural kaleidoscope, in which the most in
congruous thing assumes a certain order and
system, for surely such another bewildering
pile does not exist. It is not beautiful, for
beauty requires at least a suggestion of svrae
try, and here the idea of proportion or adap
tion is wholly lost. Neither is the effect offen
sive, because the maze of colors, iu which red,
greeii and gold predominate, attracts and ca
joles the eye. The purposed incongruity of
the building is seen in the minutest details,aud
where there is accidental resemblance in form,
it is balanced by a difference in color.
This is the cathedral of St. Basil, built du
ring the reign if Ivan the Terrible, who is said
to have been so charmed with the work, that
he caused the eyes of the architect to be blind
ed, to prevent him from ever building another
such. The same story, however, is told of va
rious buildings, clocks and various pieces of
mechanism, iu Europe, and is doubtless false.
Examining the cathedral more closely, we find
it to be an agglomeration of towers, no two of
which are aliki*, either in height, shape, or any
other particular. Some arc round, some square,
some hexagonal ; one ends in a pryamidal
spire, another in a cone, and others bulging
domes of the most fantastical pattern—twisted
in spiral bands of yellow and green like an an
cient Moslem turban, vertically ribbed willl
green and silver, checkered with squares of
blue and gold, covered with knobbed scales,
like a pine cone, or with overlapping leaves of
crimson, purple, gold and green. Between
the bases of these towers galleries are intro
duced, which, again, differs in style and orna
ment as the towers themselves. The interior
walls are covered with a grotesque maze of
painting, consisting of flower-pots, thistles,
roses, vines, birds, beasts and scrollwork,twin
ed together in an extricable confusion as we
often see in Byzantine capitals and friezes.
The interior of tiie cathedral is no less cu
rious than the outside. Every tower enclos
es a chapel, so twelve or lifteen saints here
have their shrines under one roof, yet enjey
the tapers, the incense and prayers of their
worshippers in private, no one interfering with
the other. The chapels, owing to their narrow
bases and great height, resemble flues. Their
sides are covered with sacred frescoes and all
manner of ornamental painting on a golden
ground, and as you look up the diminishing
shaft, the colosal face of Christ, the Virgin,or
the protecting Saint, stares down upon you
from the hollow of the capping dome. The
central tower is 120 feet high, while the diam
eter of the chapel inside it cannot be more
than thirty feet at the base. I cannot better
describe this singular structure than hy calling
it the Apothesis of Chimneys.
Let us now turn back a few steps, and pass
through the Kremlin wall by the Spass Varuta,
or Gate of the Redeemer. This is even more
peculiarly sacred than the chapel of the Ibe
rian Mother. Over the hollow arch hangs a
picture of the Saviour, which looks with be
nignity upon the Russians, but breathes tire
and thunder upon their foes. The Tartars, so
says tradition, have been driven back again
and again from this gate by miraculous resist
ance, and, though the French entered at last,
all their attempts to blow it up were iu vain.
The other entrance, the Gate of St. Nicholas,
has also its picture, but of less sanctity. Here
the French succeeded in cracking the arch,as far
as the picture-frame, where the rent suddenly
stopped. No man dare pass through thcGate
of the Redeemer without uncovering his head
—not even the Emperor. The common Rus
sians commence at tweuty paces off, and very
few of them pass through the Red Square, on
their wav to and from the Moskva, without
PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY AT TOWANDA, BRADFORD COUNTY, PA., BY E. O'MEARA GOODRICH.
turning toward thefgate, bowing and crossing
themselves. This is not the only shriue in
Moscow whose holiness irradiates a wide circle
around it. I have frequently seen men per
forming their devotions iu the market-place or
the middle of the street, and, by following the
direction of their eyes, have discovered at a
considerable distance, the object of their reve
rence.
At last wc tread the paved court of the
Kremlin. Before us rises the tower of Ivan
Yiliki, whose massive, sturdy walls seem to
groan under its load of monster bells. Beyond
it are the cathedral of St. Michael, the church
of the Assumption, and the ancient church of
the Czars, all covered with tiaras of gilded
domes. To the right rises another cluster of
of dark-blue, pear-shaped domes, over the
house of the Holy Synod, while the new pal
ace (Granovitaya Palata) with its heavy
French front and wings, above which
" The litflit aerial gallery, jroldenrailed.
Hums like a friiigu of fire."
fills up the back-ground. The Tartar towers cf
the Kremlin wall shoot up, on our left, from
under the edge of the platform whereon we
stand, and away and beyond them glitters the
southern part of the wonderful city—a vast
semicircle of red, green and gold I know not
when this picture is most beautiful—when it
blinds you in the glare of sunshine, when the
shadows of clouds soften its piercing colors
and extinguish half its reflecting fires, when
evening warps it in a violet mist, re painting it
with sober tints, or when it lies pale and gray,
yet sprinkled with points of silver light, under
the midnight moon.
I At the foot of this tower stands on a granite
pedestal the TzarKolokol, or Emperor of Bells,
whose renown is world-wide, it was cast by
order of the Empress Annie in 1730, but was
broken seven years afterwards, through the
burning of the wooden tower in which it hung.
It is a little over twenty-one feet iu height,
twenty two feet iu diameter at the bottom—
wieghs 120 tons, and the estimate value of sil
ver, copper and gold contained in it is $2,500,-
000. In one of the upper stories of the tower
hangs another hell cast more than a century
before the Tzar Kolokol, and wighing sixty
four tons. Its iron tongue is swung from side
to side by the united exertion of three men. It
is only rung thrice a year, and when it speaks
all other bells are silent. To those who stand
near the tower, the vibration of the air is said
to be like that which follows the simultaneous
discharge of a hundred cannon. In the other
story hangs at least forty or fifty hells, varying
in weight from thirty-six tons to a thousand
pounds ; some of them are one-third silver.—
When they all sound at once, as on Easter
morn, the very tower must rock on its founda
tion. In those parts of Russfa where the Eas
tern Church is predominant, no other sect is
allowed to possess bells. In Austria the same
prohibition is extended to t n e Protestant
churches. The sound of the bell is a part of
the act of worship, and therefore no heterodox
tongue, though of iron, must be permitted to
preach false doctrine to half the city.
The Empress Anne seems to have had a
fouudtiess for monster castings. Turning to
the right, into an adjoining court-yard, we be
hold a tremendous piece of artillery, familiarly
known as the " pocket-piece " of the Czarina.
The diameter of the bore is three feet, but it
is evident that the gun never could have been
used. It was no doubt made for show, from
the bronze of captured cannon. In the same
court are arranged the s[Hils of I S I 2, consist-!
ing of nearly one thousand cannon, French and |
German. They are mostly small field pieces,
and henee make but little display and Persian
guns, some of which are highly ornamented,
occupy the opposite side of the court, and are
much finest of all the trophies here.
We will now* enter the churches in the pal
ace court. They are but of moderate dimen
sions, and very plain, outwardly, except in
their crowns of fair-shining golden domes.—
Undoubtedly they were once painted in the
style of the Cathedral of St. Basit, but the
rainbow frescoes are now covered with a uni
form coat of whitewash. Que is therefore all
the more puzzled by the pomp and glare of the
interior The walls, the five domes, resting on
tall pillars at their interescctions, the pillars j
themselves, everything but the floor, is covered
with a coating ot flashing gold; the Hconnslnst,
or screen before the Holy of Holies, is of gild
ed silver, and rises to the roof; the altars are
of massive silver, and the shrine-pictures are
set in a blaze of diamonds, emeralds and rub- I
ies. A multitude of saints arc painted on
the walls, and seem to float in a golden sky.
And not saints aloue, but—strange to say—
classic philosophers and historians. Tliucydi
des and Plutarch, in company with Sts. An
thony and Jerome ! There are said to be 2,-
3UO figures in this church, which is much more
than the number of worshipers who can find
place within it 1 have been there on Sunday 1
when it was thronged, and really there was
less diversity of visage, costume and character
among the pictures above than among the hu
man beings below. It was a wonderful crowd!
I could have picked out the representatives of
fifty nations, and facial stamp of three centures
The singing was sublime. The choir was un
seen, behind the silver screen, and the sweet
ness and pnrity of the boy sopranos swelled
and sank likea chorus of angels heard through
the fitful gusts of a storm. Devotional music
nowhere receives such glorious expression as
in the Russian churches.
The Cathedral of the Archangel Michael,
but a few paces distant from that of the As
sumption, resembles it iu its internal structure.
It is more dimly lighted, however, the gold is
not so glaring, and, in place of the army of
saints, there are iarge frescoes of Heaven,
Hell, Judgment, (cc. On the the floor, ar
ranged iu rows, are the sarcophagi of the early
Czars, from Ivan I, to Alexis, father of Peter
the Great. They are covered with dusty,
mouldering palls of cloth or velvet, eaeh one
inscribed with his name. In the niidle of the
church, iu a splendid silver coffin, is the body
of a boy seven or eight years of age, which is
universally believed to le that of young Deme
trius, the last prince of the race of Rurik, who
" REGARDLESS OF DENUNCIATION FROM ANY QUARTER."
was put to death by Boris Gundonoff. The
lid of this ccffiiu is open, and on the inner side
is a portrait of the boy, in a frame of massive
gold, studded with jewels. The body is wrap
ped in a cloth of gold, and a cushion covers
the face. The attendant priest was about to
remove this cushion,when our guides whispered
to me, "You are expected to kiss the forehead,"
and 1 turned away. These relics are ranked
among the holiest in Moscow, and are most
devoutly worshiped, although it is by no means
certain that they belong to the true Deme
trius.
Close at hand is the House of the Holy
Synod, and as we are accompanied by our
obliging Consul, Col. Claxton, to whom all
doors are open,we are admitted into the Sanct
uary where are preserved the robes worn bv
Russian Patriarchs during the last six hundred
years, as well as the silver jars containing the
sacred oil, used for solemn sacraments through
out the whole Empire. The robes are of ihe
heaviest silk, interwoven with gold and silver
thread, and so sown with jewels that they
would stand stiff upright with their own rich
ness. The Patriarchs seem to have had an
especial fondness for pearls, of which, is some
instances, the embroidered figures are entirely
composed. In strong contrast to these daz
zling vestments are the coarse brown hat and
mantle of the Patriarch Nichon. The holy
oil is preserved in thirty three jars, which, as
well as the larger vessels used in preparing it,
are of massive silver. About two f allons a
year are neccessnry to supply Russia. The
council Hull of the Holy Synod is iu the same
building. It is evidently the ancient place of
assembly—a long low room, with sacred fre
scoes 011 a golden ground, and raised seats
along the wall for the principal personages.
Let us now turn from the sacred to the secu
lar sights of the Kremlin, although some of the
latter are not less sacred to Russian eyes. The
palace doors open to the special permit pre
sented by Col. Claxton, and we ascend the
broad, noble staircase. The plain exterior of
the building gives no hint of the splendors
within. I have seen all the palaces ol Europe
(with the exception of the Kscurial.) but I
cannot, now recall one in which the highest
possible magnificence is so subservient to good
taste as here. Inlaid floors, of soch beautiful
design und such precious wood, that you tread
upon them with regret ; capitals, cornices and
ceiling-soffits of gold ; walls overlaid with flut
ed silk ; giant candelbra of silver and mala
chite, and the soft gleam of many-tinted mar
bles, combine tJ make this a truly Imperial
residence. The grand hall of St. George, all
Iu white and gold, is literally incrusted with
ornamental curved-work ; that of St. Alexand
er Nevsky is sumptuous in blue and gold ;
while in that of St. Elizabeth, the walls are
not only overlaid with gold, and the furniture
of massive silver, but in the center of every
door is a Maltese cross, formed of the largest
diamonds ! The eye does not tire of this un
wonted splendor, nor does it seem difficult to
dwell even in such dazzling halls. In a lower
story is the banquetiug-hall, hung with crimson
velvet, studded with golden eagles. Here the
Emperor feasts with his nobles on the day of
coronation —the only occasion on which it is
used.
The dwelling rooms are fitted up with equal
magnificence, except those occupied by the
Emperor himself, in which the furniture is
very plain and scrvicable. In sonic of these
rooms we found everything topsy-turvy. Offic
ers were busy iu taking an inventory of the
furniture, even to the smallest article, in order
that a stop may lie put to the wholesale, plund
er which has been carried on in the imperial
household, since the death of Peter the Great.
The dishonesty of Russian officials is a matter
of universal notroriety, and Alexander If. is
doing his part to check and punish it. He
has not been the slightest sufferer. During the
coronation, 4(1,000 lamps were brought for the
illumination of the Kremlin, and now, not one
is to be found ! Thousands of yards of crim
son cloth, furnished on the same oceosion, have
disappeared, and enormous charges appear in
the bills, for articles which were never bought
at all. All Moscow is now laughing over one
of these discoveries, which is to amusing not
to tell, although 1 may offend strict ideas of
propriety in relating it. In tlie suite of the
Empress were fifty chosen Ladies of Honor,
who of course were lodged aud entertained at
the imperial expense. When the bills came
to be settled it was found that, in furnishing
the bed-chambers of these fifty ladies, 4,500
utensils of a useful character had been purchas
ed, or no less than ninety apiece.
A part of the ancient Falacc of the Czars
—all that was left by lire and Frenchmen—
forms the rear wing of the building. It is
very much in style of the Cathedral of St.
Basil ; irregular, fantastic, and covered with
a painted tangle of scrolls, vines, flowers and
birds. The apartments of the Czarina and
children, the private chapel, audience-room,
and tcrema or inclosed balcony, are still quite
perfect. From the latter, it is said, Napoleon
watched the progress of the fire, the u'ght
after his arrival in Moscow. On the ancient
tables stand the treasure chests of Czar Alexis
—five large boxes of massive gold, covered
with inscriptions in the Slavonian character.—
If such were the chests, what must have been
the treasure ? But really, before one gets
through with the Kremlin, gold and jewels be
come drugs. You still delight in their bluze
and beauty, but you cease to be impressed by
their value.
This warns me that the words, too, in which
I have been endeavoring to describe these
things, may at last lose their color and force
from sheer repetition. I shall therefore barely
mention the last and perhaps the most interes
ting sights of all—the Treusnry. i know no
historical museum iu Europe of such magni
ficence, although there may be others more
technically complete. Here,crowns and thrones
are as plenty as mineralogical speeimeus else
where. In one hall are the jeweled thrones of
Ivan 111., Boris Gudouoff, Michael Romanoff,
Peter the Great and his brother, aud of Poland
while between them, each resting 011 a crimson
cushion, on its separate pillar, are the crowns
of those monarch.-, and of the subject kingdoms
of Siberia, Poland, Kazan, Novgorod and the
Crimea. In another case is the sceptre of
Poland, broken in the center, and the Consti
tution of that ill-fated country lies in a box at
the feet of Alexander I.'s portait. There are
also,the litter of Charles XII. taken at Pultava
the heavy jack-boots of Peter the Great ; the
jeweled horse-trappings of Catliarnl 11., her
equestrian portrait in male attire (and a gal
lant, dashing, strapping cavalier she is !) the
helmet of Michael Romanoff—curiously enough
with an Arabic sentence over the brow—and
a superb collection of arms, armor, military
trappings, golden and silver vessels, and an
tique jewelry. A lower room contains the
imperial coaches and sheds, for two centuries
back.
Can yon wonder now, even after the little
I have found room to say, that the Kremlin
is looked upon by the Russian people with fond
and faithful veneration ?— Bayard Taylor t 0
the X. Y. Tribune.
The Victoria Iron Bridge.
The Victoria Bridge is, Without cxccpti >n,
the greatest work of the kind in the world.—
For gigantic proportions and vast length and
strength there is nothing to compare with it j
in either ancient or modern times. The entire
bridge, with its approaches, is only about sixty j
yards short of tiro miles. It is five times long- j
er than the Britannia across the Menia Straits, j
seven and a half times longer than Waterloo !
Bridge, and more than ten times longer than \
the new Chelsea Bridge across the Thames ! 1
The Victoria has not less than twenty-four 1
spans of 242 feet each, and one great central
span—itself an immense bridge—of 330 feet.
The road is carried within iron tubes GO feet
above the level of the St. Lawreuee, which
runs beneath a speed of about ten miles an
hour, and in wiuter brings down the ice of
some two thousand miles of lakes and upper
rivers, with their numerous tributaries. The
Aveight of iron iu the tubes will be upwards of
ten thousand tons, supported on massive stoue
piers which contain some six, some eight thou
sand tons of solid masonry.
From the first projection of the Victoria
Bridge, the difficulties of executing such a
work across a wide river, down which an ava
lanche of ice rushes to the sea every spring,
was pronounced almost insurmountable by
those best acquainted with the locality. The
ice of two thousand miles of inland lakes aud
upper rivers, besides their tributaries—many
of which exceed the Thames iu length, depth,
and volume of water—is poured down stream,
and in the neighborhood of Montreal, especial
ly, it is often piied up to the height of from
forty to fifty feet, placing the surrounding
country under water, and doing severe damage
to the massive stone buildings along the noble
river front of the city. To resist so prodigious
a pressure, it was necessary that the piers of
the proposed bridge should be of the most sol
id aud massive description. Their foundations
are placed in the solid rock ; for none of the
artificial methods of obtaining foundations,sug
gested by some critical engineer for cheapness'
sake were found impracticable in the case.—
Where the force exercised against the piers
was likely to be so great.it was felt that timber
ice breakers, timber or cast iron pulling, or
even rubble work, would have proved but tem
porary expedients. The two centre piers are
eighteen feet wide, and the remaining twenty
two piers fifteen feet. To arrest and break
the ice, an inclined plain, composed ol great
blocks of stone, was added to the up-river side
of each pier—each block weighing from seven
to ten tons, and the whole clamped together
with iron rivets.
AMERICAN* CHlLDßEN. —American children
(we are sorry to be obliged to say it,) are not
as a general rule, well behaved. They are
rude and disrespectful, if not disobeident. They
inspire terror rather than love in the breasts of
strangers and all persons who seek quiet arid
like order. In our drawing-rooms, 011 board
our steamers, iu our railway-cars and stage
coaches, thev usually contrive to make them
selves generally and particularly ,
by their familiarity, forwardness, and pertness.
" Young America" can not brook restraint, 1
has no conception of superiority, and reveren
ces nothing. His ideas of equality admit nei
tlieir limitation or qualification. He is born
with a full comprehension of his own individ-!
ual rights, but is slow in learning his social du
ties. Through whose fault comes this state of 1
things? American boys and girls have natu
rally as much good sense and good nature as
those of anv other nation, and, when well Itabl
ed. no children are more courteous and agree
able. The fault lies in their education. In
the days of our grandfathers, children were j
taught manners at school —a rather rude back
woods sort of manners, it is true, but better i
than the 110 manners at all of the present day. j
We must blame parents in this matter rather I
than their children. If you would have your |
children grow up beloved and respected by
their elders ns well as their coteiuporarics, !
tench them good manners in their childhood. '
The young sovereign should first learn to obey, |
that lie may be the better fitted to command '
ill his turn. — Ifotr to Be ha re.
AN HONEST BENIUCT. —He loved his wife >
iu a plain, straightforward fashion ; and as he
was never lavishly tender to her before compa
ny. there is the greatest reason to believe that j
he was neither savage nor silent to her when !
alone ; for some married foiks will keep their
love, like their jewelry, for the eyes of the j
world, thinking it too fine and too precious to j
wear every day at their fireside.
THE INCONVENIENCES OF POVERTY. —What
wrigglings and stragglings, and heart-burnings,
are every day acted and endured to stand well
Avith the world—that is, to stand without a
hole in onr hat, or a danming rent in our small
clothes ! The modern man is wonderfully spi
ritualized by this philosophy—so much so, that
it he can secure to himself a display of the col
lar, he is almost wholly unconscious of the ab
sence of a shirt
VOL. XIX.— 1NT0.24.
EVIL or A HAD TEMPER. —A bad tamper la
a curse to to the possessor, and its influence ia
most deadly wherever it is found. It ia allied
to martyrdom to lie obliged to live with one of
a complaining temper. To hear one eternal
round of complaint and murmuring to have
every pleasant thought, soured away by their
evil spirit, is a sore trial. It is like the sting
of a scropion—a perjietoal inettel, destroying
your peace, rendering life a burden. Its influ
ence is deadly ; and the purest and sweetest
atmosphere is contaminated into a deadly
miasma wherever this evil genius prevails. It
has been said truly, that while we bad not
ought to let the had temper of others influence
us, it would be as unreasonable to spread a
blister upon the skin, and not expect it to draw
as to think of a family not suffering because
of the bad temper of any of its inmates. One
string out of tune will destroy the music of an
instrument otherwise perfect ; so if all the
members of a church, neighborhood, and family
do not cultivate a kind and affectionate temper
there will be discord and every evil work.
GOSSIPING. —If you wish to cultivate a gos
siping, meddling censoiions spirit in your chil
dren,lie sure when they come home from church,
a visit, or any other place where you do not
accompany them, to question them concerning
what everybody said and did ; and if you find
anything in this to censure, always do it in
their hearing. You may rest as sured, if you
pursue a course of thin kind, they will not
return to you unladen with intelligence ; and
rather than it should be uninteresting, they
will by degress learn to embellish, in such a
manner as shall not fail to call forth remarks
and expressions from you. You will, by this
course, render the spirit of curiosity, which is
so early visible in children, and which, if rightly
directed, may he the instrument of enriching
and enlarging their minds— a vehicle of mischief
which will serve only to narrow them I
WHO THE DEICE WAS IT. —Brown tells us A
Vemont story, which lie says, is us authenticate
as the best the Post anecdotes, and certainly
nothing more can be required. A respectable
gentleman in Windsor county many years ago,
had an ambition to represeut his town in the
State Legislature. Though a man of good
character and every way able enough for the
office he sought, he happened, as Aunt Peggy
used to say to have " a great many winuing
ways to make folks hate him," and was in fact
the most mqiopular man in town. Going to
Squire X., an influential man who happened
to be friendly to him, he laid his case before
liitn, and asking his influence, saying that he
didn't expect help without paying for it, and
decluring that if he could get X's influence he
was sure to be elected. The Squire " pot in
his liest. jumps" for his man, but when the bal
lot-box was turned, another man was declared
elected. The disappointed candidate called
out to know how the votes stood, and learned
that he hail just got three votes ! " But I
don't understand it,*' said he, turning to the
Squire, with a chop fullen countenance. "Nor
1 cither," said the Squire, " I put in my vote,
you put in another, but who the d—l put ia
the third is more thau I can imagine !"
Boston Post.
A LORD THKV NKVKR HEARD or.—ln 1774,
Dr. Webster was a popular preacher of the
Kirk of Scotland, in Edinburg. Business
brought him to London, and one day, passing
the House of Lords, his curiosity induced him
to make an effort te stop in and gee them.—
None were admitted without an order, exeept
noblemen's servants. Webster being ignorant
of this rule, requested admittance. " What
Lord do you belong to ?" said the doorkeeper.
"The Lord Jehovah," replied Webster. "The
Lord Jehovah," repeated the doorkeeper ; "I
have kept here seven years, but I have never
heard of such a Lord. Jack," said he to his
fellow keeper on the front steps, "here's a chap
who says he belongs to the Lord Jehovah ; do
you know such as a Lord." "Never heard of
him," says Jack. "But," says Webster willing
to keep up the illusion, "there is such a Lord.
" Puss 'em in," said Jack, " I spose it's some
poor Scotch Lord."
EXPOSING A PARSON-.—A minister was one
Sabbath exatuinga Sunday-school in catechism
before the congregation. The usual question
was put to the first girl, a strapper, who usual
ly assisted her father, who was a publican, in
waiting upon customers.
" What it your nauic ?"
No reply.
" What is your name ?" he repeated.
" None ot your fun, Mr. Minister," said the
girl ; you know ray name well enough. Don't
you say when you come to our house on a
night, " Bet, bring me some more ale ?"
The congregation forgetting the sacrcdness
of the place, were in a oroud griu, and the
parswu looked daggers.
THE EXAMPLE OK THE HANGMAN. —Death
would indeed lie punishment, could it only be
administered by the executioner ; but as God
has made it the draught for all men—the in
evitable cup to lie drained to the dregs by all
who live, since there is not one man privilged
to pass it—is not that a strange punishment
for the deepest wickedness of guilt, if the same
evil must at the last foreclose the life of the
nobly good.
A beautiful thought, uttered by a child
four years old, about the comet, is worthy of
note. Standing on the portico of the elegant
mansion on " Maple Grove Farm." on one of
the bright evenings of this week, he said to me
he thought " the comet God's railroad CAT, I
ichich. lie vent riding through the sky?*
IT is an old saying that Time waits for no
man—but the fair sex would have ns lielicve
that he is gallant enough to wait for the la
dies.
" PAWS for a reply," as the cat said, when
scratching the dog for harking at her.