[From the Evening Port.]
The Great Floods.
Our exchanges, which for six or seven weeks
have heen filled with accounts of deluging rains
lioui Kansas to the Atlantic, tornadoes here
anil there, rivers overflowing their banks, little
streams swollen to great torrents, town- sub
i urged, iiuiiicnse crevasses and great destruc
tion of property in consequence, now announce
that the rains have for the most part ceased,
that the great rivers have reached their max
iintim height, and as their head waters arc
Jowly falling, that the floods may at once be
expected to abate. The Mississippi river and
its tributary livers, the Ohio and .Missouri,
have risen to a height unparalleled since the
Moods of lift), but when it is considered over
1 itw large a portion ot the area which they
drain, these rain storms have extended, it can
not be wondered at. It has been calculated
that one third of the average rain fall of the
year has been brought within the compass of
forty days, and that on this large portion of
our territory fifteen inches depth of rain lias
been averaged. Of course the soil was soon
saturated, and the surplus water (lowed off and
helped to swell the rivers and streams. The
tornadoes and flooding rains which were so fre
quent in the western states during the month
of May, lmve been repeated in the east during
'he present mouth, though with considerably
less violence.
The destruction of property by these torna
does and by the floods has been immense. In
some villages of Illinois, one or more members
of every family were hurt, by the overthrow of
wooden buildings or brick chimneys, the up
rooting of trees or the whirlwind violence of
these tornadoes. The floods, where they do
not float awav property, leave everything but
the earth and its products pretty much a* they
were before ; but the effect of them upon the
crops of the present year is ruinous, though the
richness of the alluvial deposits may help to
make up for it hereafter. The Ohio last week
at Cairo was forty-one feet above the point
established by the engineers of the Cairo an 1
Illinois Central Companies as the line of ordin
ary low water mark, and was within a foot of
the grade of the levees. The crevasses of the
Mississippi have, in some instance, relieved the
flooded banks of that immense river ; but the
flooding of the bottom lands has been more de
trimental than the submergence of a few towns
along the banks. The total loss by the floods
is simply incalculable.
It is clear that these excessive quantities of
raia and other atmospheric irregularities orig
inate in causes beyond the regions where they
occur, and even beyond the Continent itself.
A writer in the Philadelphia ,\u/k Atncri m
conjectures that the southern hemisphere, or
the opposite half of the northern hemisphere,
will be found to have suffered a deficiency of
rain corresponding to our excess, and that
the excessive heat reported as prevailing in
Australia, remotely, if not directly, influenced
the supply of this part of tlic earth with an
fxcess of moisture evaporated from the south
ern seas. Whether this conjecture is well
founded or not, experience enables us to assert
that such violent irregularities in atmospheric
conditions do not occur at more frequent inter
vals than once ia twenty years, and it is not
entirely a matter of conjecture that they cor
respond in some sense to those violent changes
in the human system, which, though disagree
able at the time, nevertheless prevent the ac
cess of some destructive disease, or work out
the couditious of some future good.
A NEW YORKER'S VISIT TO Vnsrvirs. Mr.
Edmund M. Young, a New York merchant,
now travelling in Italy, m.ikes, in a letter to
a friend, the following mention of the late
eruption of Vesuvius :
" 1 have been here at a good time to -ee
Vesuvius. For some days last week there
had been more or les- of an eruption. The
ascent of the mountain is partly m ide on horse
back, but the cone to the crater is very steep
and difficult. J found it extremely fatiguing,
but persevered, and finally stood on the very
top, looking directly into the crater ; and of
all awful, horrible places, this cups the eliiuax.
I walked over the top, the fumes of the sul- 1
phur nearly suffocating ine, and the blazing
fire everywhere to be seen through the crevi
ces, while the roar of the boiling lava fell up
on the ear like the waves of the ocean. In
fact, I stood upon a mere crust over the fire,
and thrusting my stick through the occasional
fissures, brought it out in a bla/.?. Theie was
m >re danger than I was aware of at the time
—so much so that nothing would tempt mc to
undertake it again. The descent on the oppo
site siiio of the mountain is made with com
parative case. Wiieti we had reached the bot
tom of the cone, we found that near where we
had made the ascent, and while we were on
the mountain, several new small craters had
broken out, and were spouting forth red hot
stones and lava at a fearful rate. We aj>-
proaehed as near as safety would permit, and
beheld a sight most awfully grand and sub
lime. It is a satisfaction that I have been on
Vesuvius under such circumstances, but I
should never desire to repeat the operation."
A YOUNG DEVIL. —The Baltimore Republi
can gives the following as a few of the exploits
of a boy only fifteen years of age, tiie son of
a very respectable citizen of that city.
"Not long ago, a young Newfoundland
dog, the favorite of his father, was securely
tied by this young Nero, who saturated the
body with carnphenc or ethereal oil, and set
lire to the inflammable fluid, which had the
elTcct of roasting poor Towser until life lie
came extinct, after the endurance of the most
intense, agonizing suffering which the human
mind can conceive.
" The young demon being well pleased at
the result of this grand experiment in cruelty,
next endeavored also to roast alive his little
sister, a bright, intelligent child, about six
years of age. Having playfully bound her
legs and arms with a clothes line, he placed
her upon the cooking stove in the kitchen,
heated to an intense degree, in order to pre
pare dinner for the family. The shrieks and
yells of the agonized little victim were fortu
nately heard by the mother, who rushed down
and removed the poor child before she was fa
tally injured. Toleration of tlie young vil
lain's crimes had now ceased to lie a virtue,
an 1 the father was engaged in preparations
to, effect his removal to the House of Itefugc,
when the hopeful youth suddenly disappeared
at night from his dwelling, and no tidings
have beeu heard of him since."
Hoc Cnoi.siu.—The hog cholera ha* been
raging to a fearful extent of late throughout
various portions of the country. Many far
mers have lost nearly their entire stock. In
\ alley horge it lias swept off hundreds, and
is still raging. The prospect for pork in IV
u ' "'D b certainly wiy unnroifii-inu
News from all Nations.
-The New York Sun says that, at a recent
meeting <>f the si ckholders of the .New York and Erie
Kailr-cnl. a st.it. uient was nt ile, by which it appears that
the Company h> I. >-t ground to the tune of $400,064 dur
ing the last six ni >nth.s. Other items swell the ileflcieu
cy, in i. ding to meet obligations, to half a mill ion.
\ Youth about IS years old, rode from
I Toledo to Cleveland, one hundred and twenty miles, on
the truck of a passenger car. When the cars arrived at
Cleveland he was covered with dust, his liiubs tremen
d >u>ly -tiff, and his in mth and nose so clogged with du-t
that he could scarcely speak. On being safely landed lie
very naturally complained of a roaring in his head.
—The .Montour Iron Work? were sold at
Sheriff s sale last Thursdavweck for finiS. sul.je -t to mort
gages of SOOO,OOO. Michael <troves. H. M. Fuller, K. II
It.ildy and iliilip Mills, were the purchasers.
1 --Tin v have got a fellow in jail in Chicago,
lor swindling. ITo ill ied snow and sold it lor salt.
-■The inhabitants of the Azore Islands,
are again suiterin; ail the horrors of a famine.
—The City of Troy, N Y , has a population
of thirty-live thousand and owes a debt of over one mill
ion d 'liars.
—Col. Henry G. Acker, editor of the Potts
ville Democratic Standard, lias been appointed Postmas
ter at Pottsville.
—The ling Cholera has again made its ap
pearanee in Kentucky, Indiana, Tcnuesse and Arkansas,
and the animals are dying by hundreds.
—The William and Ann, the vessel which
! conveyed (Jeueral Wolf to One bee, and which was lately
Iving at Newport, It. 1., has beeu lust in the Mcditcra
! nean.
—A Catholic priest, Rev. I)r. Downey, is on
trial at Peters'org, Ya., for the murder of William Mai
lings. The killing is admitted, but self-defence is claim
ed.
—Emigrants are pouring into Kansas by
thou-.uid-. Six steamboats per day, it is said, leave St.,
I, mis, M . with an average of 200 passengers.
.—One of our exchange papers from the in
terim- of Indiana contains the following list of market
' prices in that vicinity : —Wheat 55 cents ; Corn ."10 cents ;
Oats 15 cents ; Kyc 40 cents ; Hay per ton $7 00 ; Hams
8 cents a pound ; Hotter 10 cents a pound ; Eggs 0 cents
a d i/.cn ; Chickens $1 2d a dozen ; Potatoes IS cent-pet
bushel.
—There arc about 200 daguerrotypes of
eminent tliiefs in the office of the Chief of Police, N. Y.
it is said that the thing works well, for being hung up
where ill can sec them, they become afraid and leave for
parts unknown.
—About a year since a young man named
James Dean, at that time working as a jonraeym in ra--
jienter in Chicago, received a legacy of £M.oio by the
death of an uncle iu Australia. The New Convert an
nounces that he died bust week from the effects of dissipa
tion.
—Rev. Mr. Gallagher, a Catholic priest at
Elgiu, 111., was accidently drowued a lew days -inn .
—The sum of S2OOO has been subscribed a!
Memphis, in aid of the sufferers by the ac idcnt to the
steamer Pennsylvania.
—Gen. Houston was in Harrisburglast Fri
• day, as the r lest of cx-G >v. Porter, lie started Wc-t on
Saturday.
—Mr. Schcnck.of Franklin, Warren county,
Ohio, writes to the Ohio Fanner, thai the gr.i-shoppers
are in iking th ir appearance there in vast numbers. He
says : " I. i-t year we had millions of them ; this year we
have hundred ■ of millions.'' For live years. Irelys, they
j have been increasing on his farm,and he fears that.uii!e-s
some means arc discovered for their destruction,they will
totally ruin his own and his neighbors" clover fields.
—The British Crown has recently purchased
from the owners, the mansion of Longwood, formerly the
residence of Napoleon I, with three acres attached, as
als" the valley4n which the Emperor's tomb stands, con
taining about twenty-three arc-, and presented the same
to Louis Napoleon ami his heirs, iu perpetuity. The price
I paid for b >t'i was about rid,ol').
1 —Mr.Elisha Roberts, of Madison Co.,K. Y.,
has a colt which lus been foaled with only one eye—a
large one right in the middle "1 the forehead.
—The business at Nantucket continues dull.
There arc six- whaling vessels lying di-mmtlcd at the
wharves. There is one, however, being refitted and will
ere long be e pupped for her distant voyage. There are
now only thirty whale ships belonging to the portengag
| ed in the fishery.
A number of gray squirrels which had
been placed in the public squares of W.vllavcii have been
driven from their lodging-places by swarms of lioney
, bees.
—The prints works of Phillip Allen & Sons,
Providence, If. 1., w -resold at auction for $124,800, and
bid off to the Woonsocket Company. The whole cost of
the works was not less than $750,000.
I —A gentleman who has of late traveled
n
extensively iu the Indian territory, west of Arkansas and
south of Kansas, informs the Chicago Tribune, that hun
j dreds of white settlers from Arkansas and Missouri have
! quietly moved into that region and occupied the waste
lauds belonging ti the Indians, and that the Indian agents
connive at it.
—The treaty concluded between Commis
sioner Mix and the delegation of Lower Sioux Indians
| confines the tribe to that portion of the lands reserved to
them by the treaty of is.il,south of the Minnesota Kiver,
- and divides it among tin* heads of families so as to allow
I c.u-h 80 acres, and retains the residue the common prop
-1 erty of the tribe.
—A riot lias occurred among the lumber
men at "Still water, Minnesota, which the military were
1 called upon to quell. The leaders of the riotous demon
stration have been arrested. No damage was doue.
—The trial of George W. Harby, for mur
der, in killin : Charles H. C. Stone, in March last, for the
seduction of his daughter, was commenced and ended on
Friday last in New Orleans, where the killing occurred.
The result was an unqualified verdict of " Not guilty,"
which was r-reived with the loudest demonstrations of
! approval, which the Court found it impossible to restrain.
i It is something noteworthy that a trial of s > much impor
i tanre, and in which so much interest was felt, should
only occupy a day.
—lt is feared that Brigham Young has been
' acting possum with the U. S. authorities.
—Mr. Colpeltzer, formerly of Union Co.,
Pa. and lately one of Montgomery's ruffians, was shot
and killed in Kansas. He was married to a Miss Orwig
near Mifiiinbtirg.
—Appollos Woodward, Esq., formerly As
sociate Judge of Lycoming county, died on the 21st inst.,
at his residence, tVilltamsport, in tiro H tth year of his age.
Judge Woodward emigrated to Williamsport, from New
Jersey, more than half a century ago. He had been twice
married ami leaves several children—-<>mc of tbein very
young—besides a number of grand-children arid great
grandchildren.
Bogus halves and quarters are nearly as
t numerous a> the genuine cuius of these denominations.—
They air easily detected by their extreme lightness, arid
the rich greasy feel they have when passed betweeu the
1 thumb and finger.
Mr. Win. Evens, now a resident of Bos
tun, Mass., has recently made a donation to the town ol
SmitlillcM, in that state; of ? IO.tXM) as a grateful tribute
i for the support of himself and parents by said town, dur
ing hi- infancy and childhood. His p >rents and himscif
and o'!;< r children, w< re paupers in aid town and wcr<-
iVu m.i' y )car- upported 'o it.
E. O. GOODRICH, EDITOR.
TOAV A X DA:
(Tl)iirsdan Xilorninn, Jnlti 1, 183 S.
TERMS— Onr Dollar per annum, incm iuldu in advance. —
Fintr weeks pervious In the expiration oj a sttb'irijdion,
nolo e mill lee given by a printed wrappri, uinl ij not rf-
II e wed, Ibe paper will in till cases be sh ipjud.
C'L.RNBISIL — The Reporter will be seal to Club* ill the Jot
lowing echemtlg lotv tales :
tl ropir.i for $5 00 j 15 copies foi . . sl'- 00
10 copies Jor b 00 | ZU copies f0r. ... 15 00
AOVKIITISEMKNTS - Fai a square of ten line* o> less, One
Doll ill for three or less insertions, and twenty-J! le i nits
for e/icli subsequent insertion.
J()B-WOI:E Executed with accuracy and despatch, and u
reaso table pi ires with ict rt; tardily Jor doing Boohs,
Blanks, llund bills, Rati Uriels, Ifc.
MONEY may be sent by mail, ill our risk enrlo ed in an
envelope, ami properly dirtcled, We will be responsible
for its safe delivery.
In accordance with our usual custom,
the Reporter will not l>) issued next week. The
next number will be dated July loth.
SHOCKING ACCIDENT AT A MASONIC CELEBRA
TION.— A masonic celebration was held in
Wellsville, N. V., Friday, June 25. After
the oration, the meeting adjourned to a large
i hall for dinner. About seven hundred persons
had entered the hall, when about half its tloor
gave way, precipitating about three hundred
of the company to the next floor ; and at ihc
same instant the floor above followed, with a
! quantity of cutters, fan.ting-mills, lumber, Ac.,
i burying the mass of people in the ruins. No
i one was killed, but from forty to fifty persons
) were wounded, sonic twenty of them badly.
Mr. and Mrs. METCAI.E, of Wellsville, Mrs.
DANIEI. DEXTER, of Independence, Mrs. Coi
ns, of Bingham, Pa., auu a Mr. JOHNSON, of
Friendship, are reported dangerously injured.
A Surveying Expedition to the Japan
Seas is about to leave the United States, un
der the coiauuud of Lieut. Brooke, of the U.
S. Navy. They will leave from San Francis
co, surveying the route across the Pacific to
China and Japan. It is said there arc more
ihan 450 small islands, reefs and shoals 0:1
that route, which are not located oa any chart
yet compiled ; and in view of the rapidly in
creasing commerce between our ports on the
Pacific and China and Japan, the Secretary
of the Navy has determined to do what lies
in his power to dissipate an ignorance which
lias already proved fatal to 111 iny a gallant
ship.
fey* By the arrival of the steam ship Tc nnrs
scc at New-Orleans,we receive highly important
news from Mexico —dates from the city being
to the 19th, and from Vera Cruz to the 22 1
inst. Great excitement existed at the capita!
with reference to the forced loan, all foreigners
not complying with its terms being ordered to
leave the country. The goods of the Ameri
can residents who refused to submit, had been
seized, and the American Minister, Mr FORSYTH
had in consequence demanded and reecivcd his
passports. The party favoring JUAREZ are re
presented to be everywhere gaining strength,
and /CURIA, fearing the consequences to him
self should they ultimately succeed, was going
to Tampico for refuge.
lixiNots POLITICS—' The Republicans of Il
linois seem to be thoroughly united in favor of
the lion. Abraham Lincoln, us their candi
date for United States Senator to succeed
Judge Douglas. Out of one hundred Repub
lican county conventions which have been held
in the State, resolutions in his favor have been
adopted by ninety-five. Mr. Lincoln was al
ways a leading Whig during the existence of
that party, and is a reliable man.
fey" Senator Cameron entertained, at his
residence, Lochicl, near llarrisburg, 011 Tues
the loth inst., Lord Napier, and the British
Minister, and Count Sartiges, the French Min
ister, accompanied by Senator Seward, the
Hon. Humphrey Marshall and other members
of Congress, and the whole*party afterwards
visited Pottsvillc, the Cornwall Iron Ore
Bank, Reading, the coal mines etc., accom
panied by Mr. Oullen, the President of the
Reading Railroad, and Mr. Kortright, the
British Cousul at Philadelphia.
DEATH OK THE HON. ROBERT T. CONRAD—•
The numerous friends of the Hon. Robert T.
Conrad will regret to hear of his death,hvhich
occurred at 7 o'clock, Sunday night, at his
residence on the Lancaster Turnpike, above
Market street, West Philadelphia. The de
ceased hud been confined to his bed but a few
days, and nothing serious was anticipated from
his illness until Sunday afternoon, when he
began rapidly to fail, and at 7 o'clock in the
evening expired.
FEY* The Jury in the case of Mrs. LITTLES,
011 trial at Rochester for the murder of her
husband, rendered a verdict of guilty of man
slaughter in the second degree, and the Court
immediately sentenced her to Sing Sing for
seven years—the longest term.
FLORAL MUSICAL FESTIVAL.—A Musical Fes
tival will be given at the Court House, on
Wednesday evening, Jane 30, by Miss M. S.
SMITH, who has been teaching the little girls
of this place. The exercises will cousist of
an agreeable and pleasing variety of Glees,
Songs and Colloquies, and will form an even
ing's entertainment of an interesting character.
tkifer- A most violent rain storm passed over
this place 011 Thursday last, flooding the streets,
filling celiacs, and doing considerable damage.
In Granville the same day, a hail storm
did considerable damage to the growing crops
THE NEW VOKK INEBRIATE ASYLIM —The
location of the New York Inebriate Asylum
having been fixed at Hinghamtoii, the citizens
of that place have donated to the trustees of
of the institution two hundred and fifty two
acres of laud for their use and occupancy, at
an estimated value of fifty thousand dollars. —
The buildings will be situated a little way out
side the village, on a plateau of two hundred
and fifty-two feet elevation above the river,
commanding a view of the Chenango and Sus
quehanna velleys to a distance of twenty miles
The work of excavation commences this week,
and the walls will go up as rapidly as the
funds will warrant. A boat fifty thousand dol
lars have been subscribed, a portion of which
is paid in already. Among the subscribers are
no less than eight hundred physiciaus, four
hundred clergymen, ninety judges, and ninety
editors, the President of the United States and
his Cabinet officers, Justices McLean, Crier
and Wayne, Martin Van Buren, and other dis
tinguished gentlemen. The trustees are sixty
in number, and are men of the highest charac
ter as individuals and men of business.
KNIGHTS TKMIM.AI:.— The following gentle
men have been installed officers of the Grand
Commandery of Knights Teuiplar, for the en
suing year :
A. Jordan Swartz, of Heading, 11. E. G.
Commander, in place of Bmjamiu Parke, Esq.,
of llarrisburg, who declined a re-election.
W. 11. Allen, of Philadelphia, V. I). 11. G .
Commander.
C. E. Kuapp, Bloomsburg, E. G. G.
J. A. Wright, Lowisbirg, E. C. G.
Rev. B. II Wangh, llarrisburg, E. G. P.
J. li. Hutchinson, Philadelphia, E.G.S. W.
Alex. Wishart, Washington, E. G. J. W.
Albert Culbertson, .Mouongahela City, E.
G. Treasurer.
Alfred Creigh, Washington, EG Il'cordcr
Geo. 11. Clark, Pottstown, E G. St. B.
Geo. 11. Bull, Towauda, E. G. Sw. B.
Wra. C. Warden, Pittsburg, Warder.
H. L. Smith, Altooiwi, G. Sent.
THE An. ANTIC C.vnr.E.— Ol the 10th of June,
the international fleet, bearing the cable that
is to unite European an 1 American continents,
sailed from Plymouth, England, and ere this,
unless some accident has happened, they have
parted in mid-ocean, an J, while Hie Agamem
non is carrying one end to the coast of Ire
laud, the Niagara is carrying the other to the
coast of Newfoundland. Another Week mav
bring each vessel to "ncr destine I haven, and
solve the problem of the practicability of a
telegraph across the Atlantic. Tue failure of
last year has greatly diminished the public in
terest in this grand experiment of the age ;
but the confi lonce of scientific men in its ulti
mate success is not diminished, and there is at
this moment a deep and absorbing anxiety in
thousands of great minds on both sides of the
ocean, as to the ultimate issue of the under
taking.
POCKET PICKED.—A gentleman from this
County, we see by the Philadelphia papers,
while crossing the river 01 Thursday morning
to take the 0 o'clock train for New Y'ork, had
his wallet containing $2 >O, abstracted from
his pocket. Tee thief got oil" with his pluu
der and the loser returned to the city to lodge
information of his 10-s at the Central station.
fepThere is an organized gang of swindling
! ind brokers in Northern lowa and Southern
Minnesota who are bound together by secret
oaths and pass-words. They rob the emigrants
by selling them counterfeit titles to lands. In
lowa there are already detected sales of land
to the amount of one hundred thousand dol
lars, under these fictitious titles.
S&- The appointment of Mr. Buekalew as
Minister to Ecuador, creates a vacancy in the
State Senate, which will have to be filled next
fall. The counties of Columbia, Montour,
Northumberland and Snyder form this Sena
torial District. Judge Oaks and Col. James
MoCormick, of Montour, and W.u. Forsyth,
Esq, of Northumberland, have been meutioued
as candidates for the succession.
MAINE REPUBLICAN STATE CONVENTION.—
The Republican State Convention, held at Au
gusta, Friday, unanimously nominated lion.
LOT M. MUKUILL for Governor.
TIIB MILITARY ENCAMPMENT. —The
Wiliiamsport Gazelle says " there is every in
dication that the Military encampment to be
held at this place, in September, will be the
largest ever known in Pennsylvania. The or
ders of Gov. Packer and Adjutant General
Wilson have been published throughout the
State, and we have the intelligence from a
reliable source that about sixty companies
have already reported to head-quarters their
intention to be present. Gen. Wilson, when
in Wiliiamsport, a few weeks ago, gave it as
his opinion that the occasion would bring to
gether nearly or quite ten thousand soldiers.
The encampment is intended, as well be seen
by the general orders, to embrace the military
companies of the entire State—not merely a
siugie division as is usually the ease—and pre
parations arc being made here and elsewhere
accordingly. We anticipate such a military
display as will be hard to surpass in peaceful
times.
MASONIC UNION IN NEW YORK. —The Grand
Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons closed
their session on Monday, after* effecting a free
complete union with the Grand Lodge over
which M. W. Jenkiuson presided. The di
vision between these two bodies dates as far
back as 1849, and the re-union thus effected is
a garnd event among the fraternity. Congra
tulatory sjieechcs were made by Captain Ryn
ders, James Jenkinson and John F. Lewis.
Representatives of the Grand Orient of France
Peru, Venezuela, and of the Grand Lodges of
Missouri, Canada, Minnesota. SitKonv. etc,
were present
Sidney llaydkii vs. The Willianwport and Elniira Rail
road (' jiupatiy. iu the Court of (Jowmou I'lea;. of Iliad
lord County.
CHAIWK OF THE COURT.
This action is brought to recover damages
for injuries which the Plaintiff complains fee
rect ived, in being thrown from the I til-roa< 1
track thro' the negligence of Defendants
agents. The plaintiff was a passenger upon
tiie road, ami by the terms of the contract,the
defendants were bound to carry him safely,
unavoidable accidents excepted.
Kail road Companies do not become the in
surers of the lives and limbs of their pa>sen
gers ; but are bound to the highest degree of
skill and care for their safety. They are liable
for the slightest neglect, the least imprudence,
wlu-reby the >aleLv iff the passenger is pot ia
jeopardy. The law demands of the agents aud
employees of the Kail-road companies iii behalf
of the passenger, a degree of care, limited only
by human skill and foresight ; nud a failure
to come up to this standard, the law pronouu
ces negligence. Then accidents only are re
garded as unavoidable, which no care and
skill could have prevented. Regard for hu
man life demands that these stringent but
just principles should be enforced by Courts
aud Juries. To hold doctrines less rigid and
exacting, would bring reproach upou the civi
lization and Christianity of the age, cheapen
human life, and make it the sport of the
thoughtless or reckless men, often by habit,
grown insensible or indifferent to danger, iu
the inaiutainaucc of these principles society will
| liud its highest safety, uud railroad Companies
ultimately their true interest. Competing com
panies, now too often engaged in rivalship of
speed with a view to draw travel and enhance
| their profits, will learn that dividends and the
value of stock depend more upon the safety,
than upon the speed with which they run.
Von will, gentlemen, apply these principles
to the facts of this case, and say whether or
not, the accident of which the Plaintiff com
plains, was unavoidable. If so the Plaintiff
cannot recover. Every man must hear for
himself those inevitable accidents, that may
providentially befall him ; but no one should
ever go from a court of justice unredressed,
where his injuries were the result of another's
negligence. Here the presumption of the law
is against the Defendants. The law presumes
them guilty of the negligence charged in the
declaration, and the burden of proof is thrown
upon them, to establish satisfactorily to your
own minds, that the accident was unavoidable
and in no degree the result of negligence.
The Court here read to the jury the point
submitted by the defendant's coutisc' and
charged that it was substantially correct—
that if the cars were not run at a greater rate
of speed than was consistent with prudence
and safety, considering the curvature and con
dition of the road, and in view of the facts
shown in the cause, the plaiutiff was not enti
tled to recover. The court could not under
take to say what rate of speed upon this road
and at this point, was consistent with prudence
aud safety. That depended upon many circum
stances, and in this case is properly a question
for the Jury under the evidence. A railroad
track laid with unusual care and cost,and over
which a vigilant police is constantly kept, so
that every part of the track is carefully in
spected after the passage of a train, and before
the arrival of the next, and on which signal
stations arc maintained, so that the engineer
has at all times in sight a signal to assure him
of safety or warn liirn of danger—upou such a
road a much higher rate of speed would be
consistent with prudence & safety, than upon
one less carefully constructed, and less vigilant
ly managed.
The presumption of negligence is not over
thrown, and the prudence and safety of the
speed established by the mere fact that cars
had Iveen frequently or u-ually run over the
Koad at this point at the same speed. If so,
an end would be put to nearly all cases of this
character. It is doubtless a rare contingency,
that two accidents of a similar nature to this,
occur at the same point, or in close proximity;
: and it could therefore generally be shown that
the cars had run safely over a given and short
piece of the Koad at the same rate of speed,
until the occasioning of the accident complain
ed of. You will, from the whole evidence in
the cause bearing upon the question, deter
-1 mine as to the nature and cause of this accident.
If unavoidable the plaintiff cauuot recover. If
the evidence fails to satisfy you that it was un
avoidable —if you believe it could have been
prevented by the exercise of the highest skill
and caution, then were the defendants guilty
of negligence, and the plaintiff is entitled to
recover damages for the injuries he sustained.
The measure or amount of damages from the
nature of the case, is much within the discre
tion of the Jury— a discretion, however, that
must be controlled by the evidence. If you
find the plaintiff's cause of action complete, he
is entitled to recover not only such damages as
lie may have sustained up to this time,but pros
pective damages, or such damages as you be
lieve under the evidence, lie will sustain in the
future. You may properly consider his ability to
labor and manage business prior to the inju
ries of which lie complains, and his present
ability or inability thus to labor and embark
in business for the maintainaiicc of himself and
family.
LAKE'S TRIAL. —The trial of General LANF.,
Commander-in-Chief of the Kansas militia for
the nnirder of JF.KKIXS, was commenced at
Lawrence on the 14th instant. The killing is
admitted by LAKE'S counsel, who contend, how
over, that it w;L3 done in self-defence. Thus
far the proof is that JKKKIKS persisted in going
to the well for water after LAVE had repeated
ly threatened to shoot him if he did.
YOUTHFUL MURDERER. —The Grand Jury of
Albany county has found an indictment against
a boy, leas than twelve years of age, for mur
der. Ou the ltith of April some boys were
piayiug marbles ; two of them had some dis
pute about their game, and during the melee
Joseph Callahan, Jr., was stabbed through
the heart by Michael Norton.
DEATH BY DROWKIKG. —Wo regret to loam,
that a little son of Mr. Matthew Tallman, of
Muncy Creek township, aged about five years,
was drowned in Money Creek, about n mile
from this place on Eriday last. He had gone
into the water alone to bathe, and getting
beyond his depth was drowned before assis
tance arrived. I lis body was recovered soon
after and was buried on Saturday.—Muiuif
Luuiim rtf.
fiSafSenator CRITTENDEN, on his way to his
home in Kentucky, had an enthusiastic reeqv
tion at Ciucinatli ami Covington. At the for
mer place an address of wel<">me rns >mtdc bv
ihe Hon TU M\- CPTUHN
CELEBRATION
OP
TIIE 82.1 ANXIYKRS.Ua
OK
AMERICAN INDEPENDENCE
AT TO W A X 1> n
Saturday, July 3, 1858.
PROGRAMME OF ARRANGEMENTS, fee,
PKKSIDKNT -AV.M. ELWELL, F-g.
ORATOR—JOHN' ADAMS, E
RKAUKK— G. H. WATKIXs*. E ?
CHIEF MARSHAL— J COL. JOHN" K. MEAN*
ASSISTANT M \U-H ALS-COL. JOHN' A. CULIII
MA J. JERK <TI.f AND HI: JOT IV M WQDYT.,. '
CHIEF ESOIXKKK—K. O. GOODRICH, I \ {
GC.VXBK— A. J. TKOUT, '
ORDER OF THE DAY.
Thirteen Gun- at Sunrise arl rinjrinjr of the
| Re.-ejition of invited Military ami Fire ( '
I with full Hands of Music and-.al.de of inu.- ■
past ten o'clock, A. M-
At half-pad t< a o'clock, A. W..rin<rhnr<rf (V-<
three gum, as signal tor luruuug line l prove,/ '
the l'ublic Square.
ORDER OF PROCESSION".
Ist. Tovranda Rra.ss Baud. 2d. President, o, y . ,
Reader. 2d. S ddiers of the R volution. 4th nj
nth. Committee of A rramrernents. fitH. Miiitarr
Martial Hand. Hth. Fire Department, aid. tit./..
ORDER OF MARCH.
Line will move precisely at 11 o'clock. A.M.; v >-
j down Main Street to a [• '.at a few rods L i.,,.
I Road Hotel : return up Main Street to tic- P!.,-ik"p "
up the l'lank Koad to tite Grove ot M. M, ,"p
The liue will there I e dispose 1 el and placed a
I to the order of the Chief Marshal.
ORDER OF EXERCISES.
Prayer. Music. Reading Declaration of lad
Musi.-. Oration. M -K.
Line of procession will re-form in the same
march through Lombard Street to Second sinvt ; ,.
Second Street to Pine ; down Fine to M i.n St V
to the Public Square, and di mi-s for dinner.
FfREMEX'S PARADE,
Signal le!Is at P. M. Grand parade. snuff* „
of the whole Department, comprising six ( imac .
der the direction of Chief Engineer, 11 o. Oi>u.
MILITARY PARADE.
The FAIRCMU.D GI'ARIS will jnrsdc inrr. -i
after the parade of the Fire Department.
g'f In the evening. Grand Firemen's T>r a
cession, with other Fire Works. The Committer *,
take every precaution to prevent accident <ri:
, oHicers will :>e cS'ithed tvitll fail Muni qui aa:
prevent disf-iriAnee, mT th< law strict!'.- ■■•!
odeiulers. The seats in trout of the stand, and i.
jrr ..iiids, will lie strictly reserved for Lathes „_-i .
children, until tin v are* suppli. J.
w. c. hog ART, )
H. J. MADII.L, Comi- "
I*. POWELL, |
kriF" The fallowing interesting leUtr bj
Gen. CASE WHS written to be read at the !;•
Pioneer Festival at Montrose. It is a kit'
fill sketch of tlie deprivations ami trials .
dent to pioneer life—trials which to us,
almost unendurable, but which to our foref:
thers were not of snch magnitude. TYret
many yet living iu Bradford, who will n .*-
nize in this letter a faithful portrait of u:
scenes through which they, too, pa.-vd, iassi
duing the forest, and making oar C >u-•-
what it now is, one of the most productiv.....
pleasant in the State
My father, Reuben Case, moved from Gr.
ville, Washington Co., N. V., in tiie wr
of 179J, and took op two lots of laud, w;
he bonght of the State of Conecuh "!', fms
then in Angustia township, Luzerne Co, '
Troy township, Bradford Co, 01 which r.-.m
he built, the summer before, a log cabin fir
logs high, (but they were big ones, ov
it with bark, flooring and door off: lit basv ■
plank, with one end of the home left for a fir
place and cliinimey, a hole left in t!ie barkr
i'or the smoke to go out. In thi- shanty kj
moved his family, consisting of a wifcaiul tnn j
children, I being the oldest, then i my n:
year—arrived there the <t h day ef Marc
179S—out the road for fohr miles as the son
were moved, following along up the creefc.
At that time there were only 1> sc :: r '
between my father's cabin and tifc rir r,
Shesheqniii as it was called) a distance ot i
miles, along np t?ngar creek. Dor wearc
mill was on the river, and 1 have frepeat'
been to mill horseback, to John SliqGtrt
some three miles above Tioga Point, a <i
of some JO miles bv our then traveled roar?
Our nearest neighbor was Nathaniel A
five miles down the creek, who assisted iicn
ting the road when we moved on the fans i
still reside on the old lot, but a few rods" -
where the first cabin was built. At thi"" J
Troy borough was a wilderness, and n
the whole western part of what is now I'D""
ford, and the most part of Tioga County
—with the exceptions of .a few settlers a -
Sugar and Towuuda Creeks, and a fe or
Tioga river,—a wild wilderness, lull of
kinds of game.
Our Mills being at so great a (listnope.
made holes in hard-wood stumps, and ' v;!
jvonnder (as wo called them' fastened t l '
springing jxile, pounfed out. our corn, l,l '
our liread and hominy. For tea we r.srii s.-"
and for coffee, pine bark and saji from
maple trees. All was peace among n
were neighbors and friends: no law - *" ",,
yers, nor Justices of the Fence no b'd
Saltmarsli, who at Tioga I'oinr,*
neniTst Justice for years, and he had ' ; ' r
do in his office.
In ISO 2 we 1 vegan to have some ' '
about the title to our land. I' an-. 11 "
claimed it, and sent oil men to '
the settlers would not al' v ." them to p
and drove them off—shot some—a Mr b
was shot at what was called " I'eterV < ; '
on the Tioga river, near Blossburg: m '
tarred aud feathered a man by the nunc
Smiley, burned up his papers, but ' ci '
He had been and procured contracts f:oa>- '
of the settlers, for the purchase
their lots, and was then on Towaid
getting others to contract,but tlu*y, thee 1 1
Indians, as they were called,burnt "Jj-* 1 ' 15 '",
and niajvs, and after using a coat of :;
feathers, and a short ride oil a rail, tbcj
ed to their several wigwams. flu>w iir . l?
for a few years only, for the settle. :tl "
tiiat Pennsylvania owned the land. 1 j'
mised and bought their farms over a- ■
180 i, and 7, 1 think
In we were organized i ! 't° ' .
County. Our first Court was In J 1
lie house of Wiu. Means,in what
ed Menusvillo, in his ball-room, r"j
'IjJ. I attended (he lir>t Court !rl
I ''"''lll I Y „U .|„ v,. "■ 1