|SraMortsU]jorta. £. O. GOODRICH, EDITOR. TOWANDA : Ctjnrsban fllormnn, 3annciTg 28. 1858 TKRMS — One Dollar per annum, invariably in advance.— Four tpeeks previous to the expiration oj a subscription, notice will be given by a printed wrapper, and if not re netctd, the paper will in all cote* be stopped. CcCßßrso— The Reporter will be sent to Clubs at the fol lowing extremely low rates : ... G copies for *5 00 JJS copies for TU 00 10 copies for 8 00 }2O copies Jor.. ... 16 00 JLDVKKTISEJIKNTS— FOR a square of ten lines or less, One Dollar for three or less insertions, and twenty-five cents for each subsequent insertion. JoWo&K—Executed with accuracy and despatch, and a reasonable prices—with tveru facility for doing Books, Blanks, Hand-bills, Ball tickets, 4*r. MOSSY tnay be sent by mail, at our risk—enclosed in an envelope'and properly directed, ice uitl be responsible for its safe delivery. FOREIGN NEWS. —The Canard steamship Europa, arrived at New-York on Sunday last. The news received by the Europa is impor tant in many respects. On the 25th of No vember, Sir HENRY HAVELOCK, K. C. B .died •t Lueknow, from dysentery, brought on by exposure and anxiety. His loss will be severe ly felt, for it was by bis energy and ability that the British domiuiou in North-Western India was saved from utter ruin. He, pre euiiucntly, WHS the hero of this Indian war, and, as such, whatever may be done hereafter, Lis name will go down to posterity. The oth er deaths that we have to announce are those of Mile. RACHEL, whose genius requires no eu logy ; Field-Marshal RADETZKY, the Austrian hero of a hundred fights, who died in his 98th year ; aud REDSCHID PACHA, the Grand Ti nier of Turkey, through whose persevering and enlightened ability many important reforms have been inaugurated in the Ottoman empire. The intelligence from India, which is two weeks later, is contained in a brief telegram. A battle was fought near Cawnporc on the 27th of November, between Gen. WYNDHAM'S division and some 8,000 of the Gwalior muti neers, in which the British were compelled to retreat. One regiment, it is saiJ, was thor oughly cut up. Sir COMN CAMPBELL hastened to the rescue, without loss of time, and in the second engagement the rebels were defeated with great loss. All the women, children and wounded from Luckaow had arrived in safety at Allahabad. The financial news by the Europa is impor tant. The liank of .England, as was antici pated, had reduced their rate of discount to six per cent. ; and reductions have been also made by the Banks of Prussia, Belgium and Turin. In London, the money market was •teadv, and the funds continued firm. An un paralleled increase in the Bank of England's bullion is recorded. Trade and commercial confidence were fast reviving in the manufac turing districts of both Great Britain and France. Throughout the week, ending the 9th inst., the process of launching the Levia than had been successfully continued, and the day the Europa left, the huge steamship was within sixty-four feet of water sufficiently deep to float her. Tun ROBERTSON- TRIAL. —The trial of Mr. Robertson, at Rochester, X. Y., for an at tempt to murder his wife, closed, on the 20th inst., with an acquittal. The circumstances of the case were most peculiar ; but the ver dict of the jury is, without doubt, a just one The wife, at any rate, did not believe the charge, but, on the contrary, was one of the strongest witnesses in favor of her husband. So with her friends and relatives generally.— The principal witne*s against Robertson, Dr. Biegler, made a most determined charge, and what is more, backed it up with seemingly satisfactory corroborative evidence ; but the jury, the best judges in the matter, have de clared, virtually, that they do not believe him, ftiid that there has been some hocus j>ocus prac ticed npoQ the respectable gent'emen who sus tain him. The trial of THOMAS WARHINGTON SMITH, for the murder of RICHA. D CARTER, President of the Taraaqna Bank, at the St. Lawrence Llotel, Philadelphia, some time since, was concluded on Monday, and given to the Jury, who did not, however, agree upon a ver dict until Tuesday moruing, when they came into Court and reudered a verdict of acquittal on the ground of insanity. His sister imme diately made application to the Court to bo allowed to take charge of him, which was granted by the Court, upon her giving bail for his safe keeping. It is understood that when the Jury first went out, they stood ten for ac quittal for insanity, and two for acquittal without the insanity clause. SMITH has petitioned the Legislature of Pennsylvania (under dato of January 19) for a divorce from his wife, assigning as a reason the fraud practiced upon him in his marriage. WESTMORELAND DEMOCRACY.— The Demo crat* of Westmoreland county have had a meeting, at which resolutions denouncing the Lecompton Constitution were passed, and with great unanimity. Mr. Buchanan may well ex claim, " save me from my friends." He is be ginning to find out that the party which has stood by him in Pennsylvania for thirty or for ty years past, is beginning to abandon him. §&• The wife of oue of our regular, or close communion Baptist preachers who owns and travels in a sulkey, recently called on a neigh bor for hi 9 carriage to ride out in, remarking " We have none but a close communion carriage at oar house, you know \V. Ci.nfnr .lsvi IS.".# PROM UTAH. —Very late and important news from Utah has been received by private advices. The Mormons had completod their preparations for resistance to the troops ; not intending to risk an open fight, bat parposing to undertake a guerilla warfare. Former iu tiiuatious of this plau of operations are fully confirmed. Echo Canon, a difficult pass near the City, has been strongly fortified, and was occupied on the 7th of December by a strong body of Mormon rangers. A permit from head quarters was required before parties leav ing the city were permitted to pass. The yield of the crops in Utah lias been euoruious, so that the MormoDs will be well provisioned. — A number of Mormons are kuown to be in the caiup of the army, and accurate information of the movements of the troops was daily receiv ed at Salt Lake City. The Mormons are somewhat troubled by restless spirits who in sist upon immediate measures of opeu hostility, but are held in cheek by BRIGHAM until the proper opportunity offers. We call attention to the programme for the Grand Concert by the Towanda Brass Band, at the Court House, on Tuesday even ing next. It contains a choice selection of favorite and new pieces, which cannot fail to attract the lovers of good music. The pro ceeds of the Concert are to be devoted to wards paying for a Carriage, for Lin-ta Hose Co., No. 3, which should induce our citizens to look with favor upon the Concert. The Baud gives a Concert ou Friday even ing, of this week, at the Exchange in Troy.— We congratulate the citizens of our thriving sister village upon their opportunity for enjoy ing a rare treat of excellent music. ftQfThe sixtli lecture of the course was delivered on Monday evening by the Rev. JOHN J. DOHKRTY. The lecturer chose for his subject, "Thedecline and rise of Litera ture in the middle ages," an interesting theme which was handled in a manner showing that the lecturer had given it great attention and much patient research. The next lecture will be delivered on Mon day evening next by Hon. DAVID WILMOT.— For the evening of the 15th proximo, JOHN C. ADAMS Esq., has been cngaged r . and on the evening of the 29th, JOHN G. SAXK, the unri valled poet and humorist, has been secured. The people of Nebraska are quarrelling about the location of their seat of Government —a portion of them preferring Omaha, and another portion contending for Florence. — The question was up in the Territorial Legis lature at Oinaha, when so violently became the dispute, a mob of the citizens of that place burst into the Hall, dragged the Speaker from hisjdeak, and charged upon the members with bowie-knife and pistol. The next morning an adjournment to Florence was voted by a ma jority of two to one. The minority, seven men in all, remained in Omaha —in possession of the journal, according to the Telegraph. ®&aT" Immediately after the organization of the board of School Directors in the several towns of the county, the respective Secreta ries are requested to forward to the under signed the names of the officers of the board, together with their post-office address ; also the names of the newly elected directors and of those whose terms expire. Directors should bear in mind that the certificate of the Presi dent and Secretary must be forwarded to the County Superintendent to be approved by him and sent to the State Department before the State appropriation can be received. C. R. COBURX. S&T A heart-rending calamity occurred in Brooklyn, on Tuesday, 19th inst. Public School-house, Xo. 14, corner of Xavy and Concord streets, Brooklyn, W. D., was des troyed by fire in the afternoon, and during the excitement which prevailed, seven boys, be tween the ages of o and 10 years, were suffo cated while attempting to escape from the building. Two others were so severely injur ed that they can hardly survive. KANSAS. —Tiie vote at the election held on the 4th inst., has finally been announced. The Free-State ticket is successful, and the Free State men have a large majority in the Legis lature. The majority against the Lecompton Constitution is over 10,000. CONGRESS.— We do not Gnd anything of gen eral interest in the proceedings of Congress daring the past week. The Lecompton Con stitution is daily expected, and when presented to Congress we may expect an animated dis cussion in that body. S&' Ou Monday the legislature passed a bill appropriating SIO,OOO for the purchase of a house for the Governor, and Mr Pollock has signed it, making it a law. The building which is to be bought is a three-storv brick, on Front Street. 4®" The Lebanon Valley Railroad was opened on Monday through its entire length from Reading to Harrisburg. The excursion was just in time for the persons going to at tend the Inauguration of Gov. Packer. The trains, we learn, were filled with passengers and military. tGf I'he mail-robber TITCKERMAN is to have a hearing before the United States Commis sioner at Xew-Haven on the 29th inst. On Thursday, an ineffectual ateropt was made by his counsel for a reduction of his bail from $20,000 to $.">,000. The Commissioner refut ed to consent to any reduction and TIVKFR MAN REMANDED. Stop* The Corning Journal says : li We learu from Mr. L. BILLINCHCRST, of Corning, that a man named DAVID BRADSHAW, in his employ, was killed at Oakland, Livingston Co., K. V., on Friday January Bth. Mr. Bradshaw was fit work on a pile-driver, on the Qenesee Val ley Canal, when the plank slipped under the horse's tcet, which caused a sudden jerk of the line and threw the hook out of the whif fletree. The hook on the end of the line flew back to the Machine, a distance of 200 feet and struck Mr. Bradshaw on the head. He survived unconscious for five hours. lie was recently from Chemung, where his father died last fall We learu that his mother lately re moved from Chemung to Wyalusing, Pa.— Mr. B. was an industrious and steady young man, about twenty years of age. He worked awhile in this village. His friends can address Mr. BILLINGHIRST at Corning for further in formation concerning the accident. Bsrgf The probable expense of the L'tah ex pedition may be judged of by tiie estimate which was on Thursday submitted to Congress for subsistence stores of the Utah expedition for eight months. This item is over a million and a quarter. The estimate referred to is based on the army orders of the 11th of Jan uary, and provides for eight thousand in the expedition, about five thousand six hundred of which will be troops. The present expedition, civil and military, embracing teamsters, em ployees, servants, Ac., numbers about three thousand, and the transportation and subsis tence for the same, lip to the present time, amounts to a large sum. As?* The record of murders is constantly filled. At Galveston, on the 4th inst., a slave woman numed LCCY killed her mistress, Mrs. DOUGHERTY, by cutting her head open with a hatchet ; iu Jones Co., Miss., a few days since, CHARLES LANDKUM was killed by a man named HITHOWEK, at the late instigation of three brothers named LY.VES, against whom the victim was principal witness iu the charge of larceny ; at Flemingsburg, Ky., on the 7th, NIMROD ANDERSON was shot by JOHN GLOVER, with whom he had u quarrel ; at Wilkesbar ro, Peun., WM MULI .EN, a German, has been couricted of tbe murder of GEORGE MATUIAS. tiger Suicides are even more frequent far in 1858 than they were in the same period of last year. Our exchanges contain daily accounts of cases of self-destruction. Among the recent distances are those of Mrs. CRUET, an actress, in St. Louis, and a man named CHARLES WIE MUNG, a German, imprisoned at Buffalo on a charge of grand larceny. Particulars of the death of ANSON JONES, of Texas, reached us yesterday. The cause of his suicide is suppos ed to have been pecuniary difficulties. S®~ A fire was discovered ou Thursday af ternoon in the basement of the Chapman School Building, in Boston, by one of the teachers du ring school hours, but by the presence of mind and good judgment of the teachers, all the scholars were got out without accident.— There were five hundred children aud ten teachers in the school. The fire was confined to the basement. 4®" The Washington correspondent of the X. . Times says that "as tne time for action on Kansas affairs approaches, the President begins to be seriously doubtful of the result in Congress. The defection of the Pennsylvania delegation is very threatening ; ditto., Xew \ork, six of whom arc far from having decid ed to vote Lceompton through. The Ohio delegation is a unit against it, and very little reliance, at pinch, can be placed upon Illinois or Indiana. jfeaP* The Xew York Legislature is not yet organized, the House being without a Speaker, and all attempts to elect, unsuccessful. The half-dozen Americans refuse to vote for the candidates of the other parties, claiming a share of the offices. FIRE AT MONROETON. — As we go to press, (Wednesday morning,) we learn that the ho tel owned and kept by Mr. DOUGHERTY, is on fire, and will probably be destroyed, with sev eral adjoining buildings. s®°* Wc call the attention of those wishing to remit money to Ireland to the card of Messrs. Laporte, Mason & Co., who are now prepared to remit direct to Ireland. The LEGISLATURE of this State have done little the past week, except attend the iuua guratiou of Gov. PACKER. MEXICO AGAIN. —Late advices from Havana announce that a Spanish fleet, consisting of one ship-of-the-line, one sloop, one brig, and a steam frigate, had sailed from thence for a cruise in the Gulf, ostensibly, but really for the purpose of landing Santa Auua at Vera Cruz. There can be but little doubt as to the destination of this fleet, supposed it to have sailed, nor as to the fact that the " hero of the cork leg "is on board. He will find a warm reception in Mexico, but the caloric will not be of the most grateful kind. From all we can learn there is a strong feeling against Santa Anna with the majority of the factions that now divide Mexico, while so far as Spain is concerned, the opposition is unanimous.— The Mother Country has only to attempt to land an army in Mexico to stir up an united opposition from the people of that Republic, and to call iu to their aid, hordes of volunteers from the United States, who will eventually bring the " Halls of the Montezumas " once more under the Star Spangled Banner. t&~ Ira Stout and Sarah Littles, have both been indicted for the murder of Charles W. Littles, on the 10th day of December last, at Rochester. Inauguration of Gov. Packer. At precisely twentydive minutes pa-t twelve/ o'clock the Governor elect, retiring Governor Pollock, the Heads of Departments, and the Committee of Arrangements, arrived in front of the Capitol, where a large stand with suffi cient seats for the members of both Houses, the Heads of Departments and the Committees, had been erected. They assembly was called to order by the Speaker of the Senate, Mr. WELSH. A most solemn and impressive grayer was | then offered to the Throne of Grace by the Rev. Dr. DE Wrrr, of this city. Whereupon, the Speaker of the Senate ad ministered the following oath of office to WM. F. PACKER, the Governor elect : " You do swear that you will support the Constitution of the United States. " You do also swear that you will support the Constitution of the State of Pennsylva nia, and that you will discharge your duties ns Governor of this Commonwaalth with fi delity." After the oath had been duly adminis ered, the Governor delivered the following ad dress : FELI.OW CITIZENS : —ln appearing before you to enter upon my duties as Governor of the Commonwealth, I consult my own inclina tions in conforming to the usage which demands a populaT address ; and, in the first place, I gladly embrace this opportunity to return my profound and grateful thanks to the people of Pennsylvania, for honoring me with the Chief Executive oftice in their Government. — Their kindness will never be forgotten, nor will the confidence they have reposed in me ever be intentionally betrayed. Duty to thein and to myself will require that the obligation which I have just take to discharge mv pub lic duties with fidelity shall be faithfully ob served, and thus justify as far as possible, the popular decision. Doubtless I may commit er ors in a position involving so much f responsi bility ; but I hope that none of tlVe&i will be of a grave character, or productive of vital in jury to the public interests. 1 crave in ad vance a charitable judgment upon uiy official conduct—that it shall be construed with kind- j ness and toleration so long as it shall appear to be prompted by sincere and honest motives —and I here engage, in this public and for mal manner, to regard the will of the people, the public good, and the commands of the Constitution, as the guiding lights by which my course is to be directed. With these aims constantly in view, I shall indulge the pleas ing hope of doing some good in the high sta tion to which I luive been called by the pub lic voice, and of repressing some evils which may threaten the public welfare, or the indi vidual rights of the people. Fellow Citizens of the Senile and House of Representatives: —lt will be my ardent desire to cultivate with you, as Representatives of the people, the most amicable relations, and to unite with you in the adoption of all such measures us the public good may require. The i different branches of the Government, although ; charged with distinct duties, are to be regard ed as parts of one harmonious whole ; P.HU it is well when all these parts move onward with ! out jar, interference, or collision. Xeverthe | less, the distinct duties of the Executive, when ! duly and honestly performed, may occasion , differences with the Legislature ; but, in such i case, it will be expedient to cultivate a spirit ' ol compromise and conciliation for the disposal • of such indifferences, or at least, for mitigat -1 iiig the feelings of alienation to which they ; tend. J It is one the duties of the Executive from time to time, to give to the General Assembly information of the state of the Connuouwealth and recommend to their consideration such measures as he shall judge expedient ; and un der usage this is done by measures in writing which are entered among the public records and remain a part of the official history of the State. Ido not understand this as a power of dictating to the Assembly measures they shall adopt, nor even as a power of initiating laws, but as an informing and suggesting power, in no respect trenching upon the just and proper jurisdiction of the Legislative department of a ! free State. In short, it was never intended to 1 give a legal control over the proceedings of the ; Representatives of the people in t lie enact i mcnt of laws. It is, therefore a right of com munication with them, which, while prudently and reasonably exercised, can give no just oc casion for jealousy, objection or complaints— The Executive, when exercising this right, is j but performing a plain duty, and can appre i hencl no difficulty in speaking with a respect i ful freedom even upon questions where an en ! tire agreement of seutimeut cannot be expect : ed. But, there is another and more delicate power which pertains to the relatious between the Legislative and executive departments.— By the twenty third and twenty-fourth sections of the first article of the Constitution, all bills 1 passed by the General Assembly, ami most of the orders, resolutions and votes in which they may concur, are submitted to the Executive, and if disapproved bj him can only be made valid by a vote of two thirds of each House. This power of disapproval is arnoug the most important duties of the Executive, and is con stantly becoming more so, from the operation of obvious and natural causes. In my opinion it is the clear ond binding duty of tbe exeeu | tive to return for reconsideration, every bill, order, resolution or vote, presented to him which he cannot approve—in other words, that the assent of his judgment and conscience shall be actually given to any measnrc before he permits it to take effect ; unless, indeed, it be passed against his objection by a two thirds vote. The words of the Constitution are "if he approve he shall sign it, but if he shall not approve, he shall return it with his objections to the House in which it shall have originat ed," Words could not couvey a power, and prescribe a duty iu a more clear and definite form. It is manifestly the intention of the Consti tution that the deliberate and conscientious ap- j proval of the Governor shall be given to a bill before it becomes a law, in addition to the ap- J proval of the two Houses that have previously | passed it; unless the majorities afterwards \ given to it upon re consideration in each House,; shall be so decisive as to clearly indicate the j wisdom of the measure It is true that upon things trivial or indifferent, where no great in terests are involved, nor constitutional princi- j pies in question, nor private rights assailed, considerations of expediency may betaken into account by the Executive ; but certainly no substantial objection, whether of policy or of principle, can be waived by liirn iu view of his oath to support the Constitution. Ten days (Sundays excluded,) are allowed to the Exec utive to cousider a bill, and to approve or to veto it, after which it will become a law with out his signature, if not previously returned The practice of ray predecessor has been oc casionally to permit bills to become laws by ihis limitation of time. They have takcu eS f i t in the entire absence of Executive action. But I believe this has only occurred wlnre the Executive has found it impossible to lorn n positive opinion upon the measure- where,' though not objectionable, it was trivial—or. where it was manifest that a veto wouM not cause its defeat. This Executive practice ought uot to be extended, and the practice it self is open to question. ~ For if the provision that bills neither signed nor returned within ten days, shall become laws, was intended as a guard against Executive abuse, in holding them an undue period, and not as a mode by which the Executive might cause them to take effect, without the responsibility of acting up on them, it would seem clear that the prac tice of holding them over for such purpose can not be defended. But the Legislature by its adjournment within ten days after the passage of a bill, may deprive the Executive of dne time for considering it, and hence it is provided that in such case it shall become a law unless sent back within three days after the next meeting. 111 modern practice a large nnmber of bills are usually sent within a few days of the adjourn ment of the Legislature, which it is impossible for him to consider duly before the adjourn ment takes place. In fact many arc sent to him in the very closing hours of the session But it would seem plain that the Executive could reasonably ask in such case only the full constitutional period of ten days for forming his opinion, aud that all bills he believes it his duty to approve shall lie actually signed with in that period. By the exercise of reasonable industry this can in in all cases be accomplish ed. Then, such bills as he disapproves will be held over to be returned to the proper branch of the General Assembly within three days af ter their next meeting, according to the con stitutional provision. This will properly dis pose of all bills iu his hand at the adjournment, unless indeed it be allowable to hold over bills and permit them to become laws without the action. The propriety of signing bills by the Gover nor between the sessions of the Legislature has been questioned. It does not accord with the old practice, and is certainly liable to abase.— During my term it will be strictly confined to the first ten days after an adjournment, and ail bills not then approved, may be considered as awaiting the next meeting of the General Assembly, to be returned with the Executive disapproval. The Executive should not be sub jected for long periods of time to the solicita tions of those interested in bills nor should he lie subject to the imputations of indecision, or favoritism almost unavoidable in such cases. N"or is it right that he should have in his hands the means of influence which the holding open of his decision upon hills during a recess would confer. Besides, a great wrong may be done to those interested in legislation, by continuing them for an undue period in uncertainty as to the fate of bills in which their rights, their property, or their business may be involved.— These arc evils which an Executive may obvi ate, by settling his policy firmly in the outs -t of his administration. It would be well, also, for the Legislature to so shape its action as to avoid the necessity of sending many important bills to the Governor in the closing days or hours of a session. Fellow Citizens: —Although it will not he expected that I should at this time discuss, in detail, the particular questions which will probably conic before the government during my term, I desire briefly to give expression to the general views of public poljcy to which 1 hold, in their application to practical issues now pending. The currency of the State is in such a disordered condition, that a general and wholes >me public opinion demands its reform, and the establishment of efTeetual barriers against future convulsion'. This is a subject which will test the intelligence, the firmness, and the patriotism of the representatives of the people in the legislative department, and may impose grave responsibilities upou the Executive. My views are decidedly hostile to the emission and circulation of small notes as a currency ; to the increase of banking capi tal under present arrangements ; and to the issue of bank paper upon securities inadequate for their redemption. The want of uniformity in the legal provisions under which existing banks operate, is objectionable. In the revul sion and amendment of our banking system, the public interests, in my opinion, demand the extension of the specie basis upon which issues arc made ; the suppression of the smal ler denomination of notes heretofore allowed ; thorough reports of the condition and business of banks with their frequent publication ; ad ditional security, (other than specie,) to con sist of the bouds of this State or of the Uni ted States, for the redemption of circulating notes, including in all cases proper individual liability of stockholders and directors, fitted for convenient and actual enforcement ; with a supervisory and controlling power in some proper officer or department of the Govern ment, to restrain or suspend the action of banks in case of their violation or evasion of the law. When a specie currency shall be secured to the people by prohibiting the circulation of bills of a small denomination, it will be highly desirable that the fiscal affairs of the State governments shall be wholly separated from those of the banks : in other words, that the money transactions of the government, both in its collections and disbursements, shall be in the legal coin of the country. Whenever a practicable, convenient and efficient scheme for the operations of the Treasury ujon such a basis can be presented to me, by the repre sentatives of the people, it will meet with a cheerful approval. There are difficulties in the case, however, far greater than those sur mounted by the general government, in the es tablishment of its Independent Treasury sys tem ; but the object being one of the first magnitude, and calculated to exercise a most salutary influence upon the action of the go vernment, and upon the business of the banks and the people, it is ttell worthy of earnest consideration. In reforming the currency, a single State can accomplish but a moderate amount of good, however sincere, intelligent and earnest it may be, without the cooperation of other States, aud especially of those which adjoin it. Bank notes arc not stopped in their flow by imaginary State Hues, nor does it seem pos sible for a State altogether to prevent foreign uotes from circulating within her borders, even by the most stringent enactments. We must, therefore, invoke our sister States to join 113 in the repression of small pa|>er, and in such oth er particulars of reform as require for complete success their co-operation. Meantime, to the extent of our power, let ns exert ourselves to furnish our citizens with a safe and stable cur rency ; to prevent future financial revulsions similar to that andcr which the has for some time been struggling ; an ■. ] lieve the Government in its fiscal action '3 the danger of depreciated or worthier , ] and (lie eiftorrassments arising fro m H dccce upon corporations of her own crj] The pc-o|>le of Pennsylvania, by the r J adoption ofou amendment to theConstiU on the suhjfcrt of Public Indebtednes. j imposed an imperative obligation I servants to practice economy, to limit o diture.s, and to give their best efforts • gradual but eventual extinguisUrneut J,:] existing pflbttc debt. After eight ycar^ 1 perienee under the sinkinsr fund act of;' we find our public indebtedness hut ;j diminished. The constitutional just adopted demands the establishment effective sinking fond for Its payment, t > shall consider it one of the leading (j my administration to see that that amei,. is carried out both iu its letter and spL-- cannot regard the reduction of the thro, tax on property, made at the last regnlp! sion of the Legislature, otherwise than . opportune ; and doubtless existing embarrassments will for a time reiluJ amount derived from other sources of ret Nor will any very large amount of chase money of the main line of the j. works be realized by the Treasury f ur 4 , siderable period. It will, theretore, he sarv for the State to husband her restr ain! to increase her revenues as far as i jlA b!e, without oppression to any interest der to meet her current aud necessary on the demands of her creditors, and the obligation of the constitutional aiDendiue; There is a great lack of consistent! principle in the laws passed during som f , in relation to incorporations. They hav e> created upon no settled, uniform plan ; cessive in number ; and many of them a* essary to the accomplishment of any purpose. They have doubtless ulation, and in various ways contribute k recent financial couvulsiou. Various ai. consistent provisions appear in acts esta.. ing or extending the powers of corporate dies of the same class and general char. The tax laws relating to them in some fusion, and consequently taxes paid It unequal, while some wholly escape any y of the public burdens. In brief, our "re incorporations has become so vast, diver-i and difficult of comprehension, that no tri able industry can master the whole "i; > and understand precisely where we arn whither we are drifting. A thorough: of our laws oa this subject, and the t-;j, meut of general, uniform, regulations for 5 class of corporate bodies, with the arv.it as far as ]M>ssibie, of special provisions fin ticular corporations, are reforms iimiriyi demanded by the public interests iu *ka shall heartily co-operate. I have no his: to express against incoi|*oratioiis for [.•• objects beyond the power of individual M ami skill : nor generally against legislg. facilities for the application of labor amii tal to the creation of wealth, where unprompted action will not go But co cau assert that we have limited our>:iw such a policy, nor that our laws on this saiy have been careful, consistent and just But, notwithstanding all topics of criticism in our public career, (and r should bear their proper fruit in amer:; and reform,) we may well he proud of Pennsylvania of onrs—of her people, be stitutious and her laws. She lias b : great, prosperous and powerful ; rjtii among the first of the States ; an! her dition at home and character abroad bea:i tiinouy to her merits, and promise for i,? distinguished future. Besides ber agris: rui resources which are great and first .J portancc, she is capable of producing iou quantities those two articles of prime uH ty and universal use—lron and Coal. in times of wie-spread financial iv~ when speculation and extravagance Lave j their worst to cripple the operations of i tal and stay the hand of labor in its toil, the leading interests of our State counted among the first to revive and '.. i nish a strong and reliable basis for thenn lion of activity in all the channels of r>.| ment, and in all the operations of trade u government would be unwise and blind *- would administer the public affairs c: : State, otherwise than in a spirit of t - aud protection to these great and |ml tcrcsts. From the earliest jeriod of our histo" has been the policy of Pennsylvania to i cate all her citizens ; and at this tiaieoc stitutions of learning and educational > ties are equal to those of any country Common School system is justly dit.r ed as one of the most practical aud t-i in the Union. Let us then cherish tk ditional policy, coming down to us fr* fathero of the Commonwealth, and byt m ;aus in our power foster and strength measures now successfully producing ;: suits so ardently desired by the patriotic' who have gone before us. While our domestic a(Fiairs and policy" J rally will occupy most of the attention. Government and our people, it is not gotten that Pennsylvania hears very int" relation to the other States of the eoufo*'' and looks with an anxious eye to the pt' ings and policy of the GeueralGovernuie is both our duty aud our interest to i--' the most frieudly relations with oar >■" States, aud to frown upon nil attempt'lt' among them feelings of alienation. Wei exert our wiiole influence to keep theg°' ment of the L'uion iu its true position," common agent of the States and the I*' exercising high powers in trust of their *£ tage and welfare, and deriving all its j * from the written constitution which t' : 'p into being. At this time we have reason to confide in that Government. i know that its administration is in J patriotic hands ; and that it msv bet to deal justly with all sections of "the f Insubordination—ntter disregard am ' tempt of just and lawful authority— tofoie produced difficulties in the 'Lrrt '* Kansas and Utah ,and, in the case of the has uow prccipated a state of armed U, between the inhabitants and the ernment. In the former, the peaceful U cau remedy for the redress of polities' t nnees. real or imaginary—the ballot been for a long time abjured by a , portion of the population, and a stnnr tween legal authority and unlawful lar combiimtions continue down to , ' lC f , period. .Meantime, contributions of aid from the States, have kept up