j ,1,1,. to no jiostage by law, or to very low
of postage compared with that charged
Ic tcrs; and to the great cost of mail scr
', on railroads and by ocean steamers. The
V.'.lr, <tions of the Uostmasteff General on the
dcai-rvc the consideration of Congress.
INTERIOR.
The report of tlie Secretary of the Interior
:jl age vour attention, as well for useful
ions it contains, as for the interest and
ll|M ,rtance of the subjects to which they refer.
Tin* ncirregate amount of public land sokl
.j„.r tiie last fiscal year, locatcti with military
or laud warrants, taken up under grants
V roads, and selected as swafnp lauds by
s' is twenty-four million, tive hundred and
c. '. seven thousand, four hundred and nine
• of which the portion sold was fifteen
Million, seven hundred and twenty-nine thou
fi'vo hundred and twentv-four acres, yield
oipts the sum of eleven million, four
. 1 pud eighty-five thousand, three hun
i-.,l ami eighty dollars. In the same period"
!',f time, eight million seven huudred and toveiv
iv-three thousand, eight hundred find fifty
f.'.nr acres have bceu surveyed ; but, iucunsidc
r itioii of tlie quantity already subject to entry
additional tracts have been brought into
market.
IV peculiar relation of the general govern
ment to the District of Columbia renders it
, ( ,p ( >r fn recommend to your care not only
['Material, but also its moral interests, includ
, iiieatinn, more especially iu those jwts
the (iislriet outside of the cities ot V\ asb
"i.rtiin and < Georgetown.
The conunissioners appointed to revise and
tlte laws of the district, have made
j/nrotrress in the pcrformnnee of their task
p. insure its completion within the timepre
. !„.,i bv the act of Congress.
Information has recently been received, that
-1, peace of the settlements in the Territories
; Orcon and Washington is disturbed by
'■' utilities 0:1 tiie part of the Indians, with in
,HIS of extensive combinations of a hots
• t character among the tribes in that quarter,
*nor- serious in their possible effect by rea
.o:l uf the umletenniued fureigu interests ex
i-ting in those Territories, to which your at
• ntioii lias already been especially invited.—
K'.-icnt measures have been taken, which, it
i.i'licved, will restore quiet, and afford pro
ttrtion to our citizens,
la the Territory of Kansas, there have been
prejudicial to good ordhr, fait as yet none
iivcoeenrrwl under circumstances to justify
interposition of the federal executive.—
Tint could only be in case of obstruction to
f.,|,.r;tl law, or of organized resistance (o *ter-
P trial law, assuming the character of insur
.! tii, whi.h, if it should occur, it would be
x intv jtromplly to overcome and suppress,
i fherish tlie hope, however, that the OeCur
anv siicii untoward event will be prc
„..,i i,\ tin: sound st!USC of the people of
. T rritorv. wiio, bv its organic law, posses
right t" determine their own domestic
(-Tuitions, arc cutU-lcd, wliUu deporting them
maeefullv, to the free eXi-rcisc of that
z'it, and mu-t lie juotccted iu the eujoyiucnt
, f i:. wit limit interference ou the jwirt of the
■ Ml> of any of the States.
The Southern boundary line of this T rri
xan* has never been surveyed and established.
. • raiT'iiy extending settlemcuts in that re
•!:, and the fact that the main route between
i 1 lojwiiidence, in the State of Missouri, and
V.'W Mexico, is contiguous to this Hue,
."-tthe jirobability that embarrassing qnes
t; MS of jurisdiction may consequently aries.
F r tlie-e and otln-r considerations, I commend
tnc Mil licet to yotir early attention.
I'IVSTiriTIoNAI. TIIKOBV OK TIIE (.oVKUNMK.VT
I ha\c thns passed in review the general
>iiitc of the Union, including snch particular
crras of tiie federal government, whether
' domestic or foreign relation, as it appeared
'0 MM' desirable and useful to bring to the es
ail notice of Congress. Unlike the great
states of Europe and Asia, and many of those
America, these United States are wasting
•ir strength neither in foreign war nor <lo
aestie strife. \\ liatever of discontent or pui>-
ii* dissatisfaction exists, is attributable to the
mcrfections of human nature, <r is incident
'A all aoveninieiits, however perfect, which
: man wisdom can devise. Eueh subjects of
'"•'iticai mitation as tXTiipy the public mind,
>ist>. to a great extent, of exaggeration of
vitaid<* evils, or oxer zeal in social improvo-
T im re iiiiiiginatiou tif grievance, liav
. : ha* remote couucctlon with any of the
•' .'.- mil !unctions or duties of the fede
-I,iin'iit. To whatever extent these
fii-lions i-xhi'dt a tendency menacing to the
validity of the constitution, or the integrity
• tic Union, and no farther, they dcuiaud
ci'ii-;denition of the Executive, and require
to I* 1 presented by him to Congress.
l'''!"re tin- Thirteen Colonics became a con-
Ulif;ainn of independent States, they were
ia"<-il only by coumiuuity of transatlantic
''-iii. liy geographical jMisitiou, and by the
>i tic of common dependence on (ireflt
"•''.am. When that tie was sundered, they
'•••raiiv assumed the powers and rights of ab
■■ ' government. The municipal and
etitiitinns of each, its laws of projter
■ f ]H-rsonal relation—-even in political
-'•'r/.atioti—were snch only as each one
Mv-talii-h. wholly without interference
* y Oilier. In the language of tlie Dc
!i of Independence, each State had
iiov, lT to levy war,conclude peace, con
.manees, c-tublish commerce, and to do
:,, T nets and things which independent
-iay of right do." The several colonics
" ! in climate, in soil, iu natural produc
'Uigioii, in systems of education, in
- •: ion. and in tin- forms of political athuinis
-11 • ami they continued to differ iu these
~ -dieu they voluntarily allied thetn-
States to carry 011 the war of the
a 7 ■ ution.
■ ■ "t of that war was to disenthrall
to. Colonies from foreign rule, which
w, l to he oppressive, and to separate
from the mother country ;
result was the foundation of a
1 r'l'iiliiir of the free white men of the
( ''constituted, as they were, in distinct
„ . ' |riH*ully iuilc|Kndtnt State govern-
A-fur the subject raees, whether 111-1
'' tan, the wise and brave statesmen
" l .v Is'injr enquired in no extravagant
' ■ change, left them as they
• ai- pn-M rved themselves and their
' the anarchy and the ever recur-,
h have ]ire\ ailed in orfiV-r
European colonies of America,
r the cotilederatcd States found it con
the conditions of their ue&o
.. y - u ang to the general govermnent
. insoine respects,, to the people
instead of confining it to action
us such, they proceed to frame
"lititution, adhering steadily to
hoiight. which was, to delegate
''u.- w;;-' necessary a lid proper
to the execution ot mccitic purjtoscs, of the
independent powers of the individual States.
For objects yf common defence aud security,
they entrusted to the general government cor
tain carefully defined junctions, leaving all
others as the undelegated'Tights of the sepa
rate independent sovereignties.
Such is the constitutiouai theory of our gov
ernment, the practical observance of which has
carried us, and us alone, among modern repub
lics, through nearly three generations of time,
without the cost of one drop of blood shed in
civil war. With freedom and concert of action
it luwi enabled us to contend successfully on tlie
buttle field against foreign foes, has elevated
the feeble colonies into powerfull States, and
lias raised our industrial productions, and our
commerce which transports them, to the level
of the richest and the greatest nations of Eu
rope. And tliu admirable adaption of our po
litical institutions to their objects, combining
local self-government with aggregate strength,
has established the practicability of a govern
ment like ours to cover a continent with confede
rate States.
j The Congress of the United States is, in
: effect, that congress of sovereignties which
; good men in the Old World have sought for
j but could never attain, and which imparts to
I America an exemption from the mutable league
| for common action, from the wars, the mutual
1 invasions, and vague aspirations after the bal
ance of power, which convulse from time to
time the governments of Europe. Our eo
-1 operative action rests in tlie conditions of per-
I ujaecut confederation prescribed by tlie eon-
I stitution. Our balance of power is in the
j separate reserved rights of the States, and
1 their equal representation in the Senate,
i That independent sovereignty iu every ontx of
the States, with its reserved rights of local
self-government assured to each by their co
equal power in the Senate, was the fuiidame
j tal comfit ou of Ute coa.-t'ti ton. Without it
1 the Union would never have existed. "Hbw
j ever desirous the larger States might be to
re-organize tlie goxeiimiewt so as to give to
1 their population its proportionate weight in
, tiie common counsels, they kucw it was fiopos
jsiltle, unlcas they conceded to the smaller ones
authority to exercise at least a negative in
' Alienee, on all Uie measures of the governinent,
whether legkshitive or executive, through their
! equal representatives in the Senate. Indeed,
the larger States themselves could not have
' failed to perceive that thy same power was
equally necessary to them, for the security of
their own domestic interests against the ag
| gregute Torey of tlte general government, iii
; a word the original States went into this per
; inuneut league- ou the premises, of exerting
t their conmiyu strength £oi - thodefenee t o{ the
| whole, ami of all all jts iiafts ';#but of . Utterly
exehiding all eSj ability of ivef]trocal ajhrtts- |
slon. Eaeii solemnly bound itself ;to all the
others, neither to undertake, uor permit, any
ehtroachTnent upon, or iiiterinctMlhJg witll,
htnother's reserved rights.
Where it wasai'X'meii.expedient, particular
rights of the States ; -wnA- expressly guaran
teed by tlie constitution ; but, iu all things
beside, these rights were guurded by the limi
tation of tlie JKUVCIS grafited, and by express
reservation of allpo<jai igtaiited, in -the
'compiet of Union. Thus the great power
was limited to purposes of jtopinion defence
and general welfare, exeluclfng objects apjicr
bdniug to the local legislation of the. several
States, and those purposes,of general welfare
ami eoniuiyu dgfcuce were afterwards dgjined
by specific cnnmcnition, fis being mnttevU onl\-
ofeo relation betweeu the States themselves,
or between them and foreign governments,
which, because of their common and general
nature, could not be left to the separate con
trol of each State. •' .
Of the circumstances of local condition, in
terest and rights, iu which a portiou of the
States, constituting one great Section of the
Union, differed from the rest, aud from an
other section, the most important was the pe
culiarity of a larger relative colored popula
tion in Lite Southern tliau iu the Northern
States.
A population of this class, held in subjec
tion, existed in nearly all the States, but was
numerous and of more serious coiicernmeut iu
tlie South than iu tlie North, on account of
natural differences of climate and production ;
and it was forest en that, for the satne reasons,
while this population would diminish, and
sooner or later, cease to exist i some States,
it might iucreasein others. The peculiar charac
ter and magnitude of this question of local
rights, not in material relations only, but still
more in social ones, caused it to enter into tlie
special stipulations of the constitution.
Ileuce, while the government, as well by
the enumerated |towers granted to it, as by
those not enumerated, and therefore refused
to it, was forbidden to touch this matter in
the sense of attack or offence, it. xvas placed
under the general safeguard of the Union, in
the sense of defence against either invasion or
domestic violence, like all other local interests
of the several States. Each State expressly
■ stipulated, as well for itself as for each and ail
I of its citizens, and every citizen of CHCII State
j became solemnly bound by his allegiance to
1 tin.' constitution, that any JKT.-OU held to ser
-1 vice or labor in one State, escaping into an
other, should not, in consequence of any law
' or regulation thereof, be discharged from such
I service or labor, but should be delivered up on
) claim of the party to whom such Service or
labor illicit be due by the laws of his State.
Thus, and thus only, by the reciprocal -guar
anty of all lite rights of every State against
; interference on the part of another, was the
! present form of government established by our
fathers and transmitted to ns; and by no
other means is it possible fur it to exist. If
one State cesises to respect, 'the rights of an
, other, and obstrusively intermeddles with its
| local interests—if u i>rtion of the States as-
suine to imjosc their institutions on the others,
or refuse to fulfil their obligations to them—
we are uo longer united friendly States, but
distracted, hostile oucs, with little capacity
left of common advantage, but abundant mesas
of reciprocal injury and mischief.
Practically, it is immaterial whether aggres
sive interference Iwtween the States, or de
liberate refusal on the part of any one of them
to comply with constitutional obligations, arise
from erroneous conviction or blind prejudice,
whether it be perpetrated by direction or in
direction. In either case, it is full of threat
and of danger to the durability of the Union.
coxsin'TXlONA;. JU.UATIO.VS OK SUAVKKY.
Placed in the office of Chief Magistrate as
the executive agent of the whojo country,
bound to take cure that the laws be faithfully
executed, and specially enjoined by the eou-
I stituHou to give information to Congress,! on
the state of the Union, it would be palpable
neglect of duty on my part to pass over a sule
, jeet like this, which, beyond all things at the
present time, vitally concerns individual and
| public security
It has IKCH Hitler of pfbtfel regret to see
conspicuous fur their services iu.found
ing'-the repUMw, and "WptaHy shftfingWs ad
vantages, (lisrt\tnij4JWS|t constitutional obli
gations to it. -AjfycHigfi conscious of their
inability to heal rfd&aitted *nd paljrabic social
evils of their own tPhffih arc completely
within thelU/ufttfifitiob, they engine in lit
olfciisive and hopeless undertaking of reform
ing the domestic institutions of oilier States
wholly lieyorid their control and authority.
In the vain pursuit of ends, by them entirely
unattainable, and which they may not legally
attempt to compass, they peril the very exis
tence of the constitution, and nil the count
less benefits, which it has conferred. While
the people of the Southern States confine their
attention to their own affairs, not presuming
officiously to intermeddle with the social insti
tutions of the Northern States, too many of
the inhabitants of the latter are permanently
organized in associations to inflict injury 011
the former, by wrongful acts, which would be
cause of war us betweeu foreign powers, ami
only fail to be such in our system, because
perpetrated under cover of the Union.
H is impossible to present this subjeet as truth and the
oecasi.tn require, wit, I unit- noticing the reiterated hnK
groundless aileg.ipon that the bxtutli lut* persistently as
serted claims and olitaiiMwt advantages in the practical ad
ministration <<f the general govenuneiit, to the prejudice
of the North, and iu wlueh the latter has acquiesced.
That is, the States, which either promote or tolerate at
tacks on the rights of fiersorts or property in other States,
to disguise their own injust ice, pretend or imagine, ami
constantly aver, that they, whose constitutional rights are
thus systematically assailed, are themselves the aggres
sors. At the present time, this imputed aggression, rest
ing as it does only 011 the vague, declamatory charges of
political agitators, resolves itself into misapprehension or
misinterpretation of the principles and facts of the politi
cal organization of the new territories of the U. States.
What is the voice of history? When the ordinance
which provided for the government of the territory north
west of the tfhio river, and tor its eventual subdivision
into new States, was adopted in the Congress of the Con
federation, it is not to be supposed that the question of
future relative power as between the States which retain
ed, and those which did not retain, a numerous colored
population, escajied notice, or failed to lie considered
And yet the concession of that vast territory to the inte
rests and opinions ot the Northern States, a territory now
the seat of five among the largest members of the Union,
was. in a great measure, the act of the state of Virginia
and of the South.
When Louisiana was acquired by the United States, it
was an acquisition not less to the North than to the South
for while it was important to the country at the monthuf
the river Mississippi to become tin-emporium of the cot in
trv above it, so also was it even more important to the
wfiole Union to have that emporium ; and although tbf
new province, hv reason of the imperfect settlement? vf&-
tuaiuly regarded as on the Unit of Mexico, yet, in i'.ict, it j
extended to the OMMaite tioiuiduries of the United States,
with far greater breadth above than below, and wns in
territory, as in everything else, equally, at least, ail ac
cession to the Northern States., It is mere delusion and
prejudice, to speak of I.cuisiana as an acquisition in the
special interest of the South.
The'patriotic and jnst men Who participated in that act
were influenced by motives far above all sectional jealous
ies. It was in 'truth, the great event, which, bv complet
ing for us the possession of the Valley of the Mississippi,
with commercial access to the Gulf of Mexico, imparted
unity and Mrensrth to the whole confederacy, and attached
together by indissoluble ties the Rust and the West, as
Well its tiie North and tile South.
As to Florida, that was hut the transfer by Spain to tlie
United States of territory on the east side of the river Ml
sisappi in exchange for large territory wliieh the United
States transferred to S|>ain on the we t side of that river,
as the entire diplomatic history of the transaction serves
to demonstrate. .Uojvovcr.it was an acquisition demand
ed by the vrtumcreihl interests and security of the whole
UllioU.
> In the meantime, the people of the United Stides had
grown up to a proper consciousness of their strength. and
in a brief contest with France, and in-the second serious
war with Great Britain, they had shaken off all that re
mained of limine reverence for Europe, and emerged from
the atmosphere of those transatlantic influences which
surrounded the infant republic, and had liegtui to turn
their attention to the full and systematic development of
the internal resources of tlte Union.
Among the evanescent controversies of that period, the
most conspicuous was the question of regulation by Con
gress of the social condition of the future Slates to be
founded in the Territory of Louisiana.
The ordinance for the government of the territory north
west of the river Ohio had contained -a provision, which
prollibited the u-e of servile labor therein, subject to the
condition of the extradition of fugitives from service due
in any other part of the United States. Sultsequeutly to
the adoption of the Constitution, this provision ev.isei! to
remain as a law, for its operation was an lj as to liesajxT
ib-.Vhr the constitution. Uirt tlte recollection of the fact
excited the zeal of social qiropagaudisiiv in some sections <
of the confederation, and when a second state, that of
Mis-onri, came to be formed in the territory of f/mbi&ua.
proposition was made to extend tothe latter territory the
restriction originally applied to the country situated be
tween the rivers Ohio and Mississippi.
Most questionable as was this proposition in all Hs con
stitutional relations, nevertheless it received the sanetion
of Congress, with some slight modifications of line, to save
tlie existing riebts of the intended new state, it wa re
lnctantlv ac pilesced in by Southern States, as a sacrifice '
to tlie canse of pence and of the Union, not only of the
rights stipulated by tlie treaty of lyOui-iaira. liut of the
principle of equality among the States guaranteed by the
c -tnrtit tlon. It wa recei-ed by the Northern States with
angry ami resentful condemnation and complaint,lss-ansc
it did not concede all which they had exactingly demand
ed. Having passed through the forms of legislation, it |
t-wik its place in the statute book. standing open to repeal. j
like any other other act. of doubtful constitutionality, sub- I
ject to l>e pronounced null and void by the courts of law, !
and possessing no possible efficacy to control the rights of
tlie States, which might thereafter be organized out of any
[mrt of the original territory of Loui-iana.
Tn all tiii", ii' any aggrcseiott* there were, any innova
tion upon pre-existing rights, to which portion of the Un
bar are f hoy justly rhurghrtile ?
This Controversy passed away with tiio occasion, noth
ing surviving it save the dormant letter of the statute.
But. long afterward, when, hy the proposed accession
of tlw repnlilic of Texas, the United States w ere to take
their next step in territorial greatness, a similar contin
gency occurred, and became t lie occasion for systematized
attempts to intervene in tlw domestic affaire of one sec
tion of the I'uion, in defiance of their rights as State*,and
of the stipulations of the constitution These attempts
assumed a practical direction in tiie sliape of |erscvoting
endeavors hy some of the Representatives in lioth Houses
of Congress to deprive the Southern States of the suppos
ed l>eneftt of the provisions of the act authorizing the or
ganization of the State of .Missouri.
But the good sense of the people and the vital force of
the constitution triumphed over sectional prejudice and
the political errors of tiie day, and the State of Texas re
turned to the Union as she was. with social institutions
which her people had chosen for themselves, and with ex
press agreement, hy the rc-aunexing act. that she should
he susceptible of division into a plurality of States.
Whatever ad vantage the interests of the Southern states
as such, gained hy this, were far inferior in results, as
tliey unfolded in the progress of time, to those which
sprang from previous concessions made hy tiie South.
To every thoughtful friend of the Union- to tlw true
lovers of their country—to all who longed and labored tor
the full success of this great experiment of renuMiean
institutions—if was cause of gratnlatioii that such an p
portunity had occurred to illustrate our advancing power
1 on this continent, and to furnish to the world additional
assurance of tlw strength and stability of the const it utiun.
I Who woidd wish to sec Florida still a Knropean .••Uhiy?
Who would rejoice t • hail Texas as a lone star, instead of
I one in tiie galaxy of States J Who does not appreciate
the incalculable benefits of the acquisition of Louisiana?
And yet narrow views and sectional purposes would inev
itably have excluded them all from the Union
j But another struggle on the same point ensued when
| our victorious armies returned from .Mexico, and it devol
ved on t'ongrc-s to provide for the territories acquired l>y
j the treaty of (luadftlupe Hiilnkm. The great relations of
the subject had uow become distinct and clear to the per.
.■option of the public mind, which upproctttari tlw evils of
I sectional controversy U|si tlw question t the admission
|of new states. In that crisis intense solicitude pervaded
the uation. But the patriotic tmpwlses of the popular
heart, guided by the admonitory advice of the Father of
his tountry. rooe sn|wrior to ail the difliculties-of tlw in
corporation of a new empire into the Union, in tiw coun
cils of Congress there was manifested extreme antagonism
of opinion ami action hetwe. ii some representatives, who
sought bv tiie abusive and uuconstitntional employment
of the legislative powers of the government to interfere in
the condition of tlw inchoate States, and to impose tfwir
own social theories npon the latter : and other repnwnta.
tives, who repelled"the of the general gov
eminent in this respect, anil maintained the self-constitut
in realitv it was thecmloavor. by almse of igistutir pow-
I er, to force the ideas of internal policy, entertained iie|*r
tienlnr rtt itos. upon allied independent States. Once more
tli , ocstit nti-m and the Union triumphed signally. The
new Territories were organized without restrictions an
the disputed [mint gu.l wet>v|iie Uft f U> jg.hp- in that
particular f'.r flic'm-elvcs ; and the sense ~f -constitutional
faith proved vigorous enough in Congress not only to ac
complish this primary
hnrdlv less inuiortant -mo of so aniendiugdhe pp.visions
Of the statute for the extradition of fugitives from service,
i as to pfaee+hnt pnhlic dirty tinder tiie sun-guard of the
general government, ttd thus relieve it front olwtach i
raised up the legislation ofsoime of the States.
Vain lUiclatiiaUon rgaarding the provision* of law for
tlw c xtnwiitioiim fugitives fivm Service, with ofeasinpal
episode* of frantic effort to obstruct their execution by
riot and murder, continued, for a brief time, to agitate
certain-localities. Bnt the tftic principle, of leaving each
State iind Territory to regulate its own laws of lalsir ac
vordin" tu its own sense ..! right and expediency, had ae-
J quired fa t hold of the jatJllk Judgment. to such a degree.
I that, by common oottseut, it was observed iu the urgaui-
I ! z*t W n/oJ the Jturritory W* r hmgUuv . u .. ,
wWm.'mm* recently, ft became 'rHpfikfte to orgijiifc
the Territories of Nuiupska and Kair-as, it was the fiabi
ral and legitimate, if not the inevitable, eotiseqtmnee ot
previous events ami legislation, that the same great and
i sound principle, which bad already teen applied to I'thli
and New Mexico. snonM be' applied to them ; that they
fthould stand exempt from the restrictions proposed in the
act restive to the State ot Missouri.
These restrictions were, in the estimation of many
, thoughtful men, mill from the Iteglnning, unauthorized by
the constitution, contrary to the treaty stipulations fur the
' cession of Louisiana, and InconsWlgnt with the eqoalHyof
j the States.
They had Incn stripped of all moral authority, hy per
si-tent' efforts to jirucnre their indirect repeal through
contradictory enactments. Thev had been practically ab
j rocateil by the legislation attending the organization of
I Utah. New Mexico and Washington. Tf any vitality rc
| maiiied in them, il would hate beeu taken away,ineffect,
i by the new territorial acts, fn the form originally propos-
I cd to tlie Senate at the first session of the last Congress,
j It was manly and Ingenuous, as well as patriotic and just,
to do this directly am! plainly, and thus relieve the statute
liook of an act. which might "be of possible future injury,
but of no possible future benefit ; and the measure of its
repeal was the final consummation and complete recogni
tion of the principle, that no portion of the United States
shall undertake, through assumption of the powers of the
general government, to dictate the social Institutions of
any other portion.
The scope and effis-t of the language of reiieal were not
left In doubt. It was declared. In terms, to be " the true
intent and meaning of this act not to legislate slavery in
to any Territory or State, nor to exclude it therefrom. Ikit
to leave the people thereof perfectly free to form and re
gulate their domestic institutions in tlieir own way, sub
ject only to the constitution of (lie United States."
The measure could not lie withstood upon its merit*
ahmc. It was attacked with violence, on the false or de
lusive pretext that it constituted a breach of faith. Never
was objection more utterly destitute of substantial justifi
cation. When, ls'fore, was it imagined by sensible men.
that a regulative or declarative statute, whether enacted
ten or forty years ago, is irrC|H':ilable —that an act of Con
gress is above the constitution ? If, indeed, tliere were in
the facts any cause to impute lad faith.it would attach to
those only, who have never ceased, front the time of the
enactment of the restrictive provision to the present day,
to denounce ami to condemn it ; who have constantly re
fused to complete it by needful supplementary legislation
who have spared no exertion to deprive it of 'moral force,
who have themselves again and again attempted its repeal
hy the enactment of incompatible provisions ; and who,by
the inevitable reactionary effect of their own violence on
♦be subject, awakened the country to ]>erveption of the
true constitutional principle, of leaving the matter involv
ed to the discretion of the people of the respective exist
ing or incipient States.
It is not pretended that this principle,or any other, pre
cludes the possibility of evils in practice, disturbed as jo
--litii-.ri action is liable to l>c by human passions. No form
of government is exempt from inconveniences ; but in this
ease they are the result of the abuse, and not of the legiti
mate exercise, of the powers reserved or conferred in the
organization of a Territory. They are not to lie charged
to the great principle of popular sovereignty ; on the con
trary, they disappear before the intelligence and patriot
ism of th'e people, exertingthrongh the lmllot box their
peaceful ami silent but irresistible power.
If the friends of tliy oiiistitutipn are to have another
struggle, its enemies could not (ireseirt a. more acceptable
i.jsy, than that of a State, whose constitution clearly em
braces " a republican form of government," luring exclnd
ed from tlte Union .lieeansv its domestic institutions may
not in all respects comport with the ideas of what is wise
and expedient entertained in some other State. Fresh
from groundless imputations of breach of faith against
others, mint will commence the agitation of this new ques
tion with indubitable violation of an express compact lio
tweeu the independent sovereign powers of the United
States and of tlte rcpnblic of Texas, as well as of the old
er and equally solemn compacts, which assure the equali
ty of all Hie States,
But. deplorable as would lie such a violation of compact
in itself, and iu ail its direct consequences, that is the vc
rv least of the evils- involved. When sectional agitators
shaft Imve succeeded in forcing on this issue, can their
pretension* fail to be met by counter pretensions? Will
not different States lie com;idled respectively to meet ex
tremes with extremes ? And if either extreme carry its
point, what is that so far forth but dissolution of the Un
ion ? If a new State, formed from the territory of the
United States, be absolutely excluded from admission
therein, that fact of itself constitutes the disruption of un
ion between it and the other States. But the process of
dissolution could not stop there, Would not u sectional
decision, producing such result by a majority of votes,
cither Northern or Southern, of necessity drive out the op
pressed and aggrieved minority, and place in presence of
each other two irreoom ikably hostile Confederations?
It is necessary to speak thus plainly of projects, the off
spring of tiiat sectional agitation now prevailing in some
of fhe States, which are as impracticable as they are nn
consUUitioiißl, mid Which, if persevered in, must and will
end calamitously. It is either disunion and civil war. or
it is mere angry, idle, aimless disturbance of public peace
and tcanquiitty. Disunion for what? If the passionate
rage of fanaticism and partisan spirit, did not force the
fact n|inn our attention, it would lie difficult to believe that
iuiy consUlerabte portion of the people of this enlightened
country could have so surrendered themselves to a fanati
cal devotion to the sup|Mwed interests of the relatively few
Africans in the United States, as totally to abandon and
disregard tin- interests of the twenty-five millions ot Ame
ricans—to trample under foot the injunctions of moral and
c.oiisti tut bund obligations—and to engage in plans of vin
dictive hostility against those who are associated with
tie iu iu the enjoy meat of the common heritage of our na
tional institutions.
Nor is it hostility against their follow-ritizcns of one
section nt the Union aliie. The interests, the duly, the
honor, the peace, ;unl the prosjierity of the people *of all
sections-arc equally involved and inqierilled in this ques
tion. And are patriotic men. in any part of the Union,
prepared, on such issue, thus madly tip invite all the con
sequences of the forfeiture of their constitutional engage
ments? It is impossible* The storm of phrcuzy and tac
tion must inevitably dash itself in vain against the unsha
ken roek of the constitution. I shall never doubt it. 1
know that the Uuion is stronger a thousand tiuies tlian all
the wild and chimerical schemes of social change, which
are generated, one alter another, in the mimls of visiona
ry-sophist- and interested imitators. I rely confidently on
the (sitrioti.-iu ot the people, on the dignity and self-res
pect of the States, on the wisdom of Congress, and above
all, on the continued gracious favor of Almighty God, to
maintain, again-t all enemies, whether at home or abroad,
the sanctity of the constitution and the integrity of the
Union. FRANKLIN PIERCE.
W.vsiti.\c# ton*, December 31,1355.
Towanda Market -Wholesale Prices.
[Corrected weekly ly E. T. FOX, Dealer in l'ro visions and
Groceries, Nq. 1. Brick Row, who will pay Cash, at the
prices fixed, r..r the articles In this list:]
Flour, (retail price,) bid $lO AO ®
Fork, do " .... 21 00 24 00
Wheat # bushel 1 .10 % 1 00
Buckwheat, " .... 3-S 50
Oats, " .... M (ft
Corn, •' 76 <3 1 50
Rye,.. " 81 (qj
Potatoes, " .... 37jf(fi 44
Bean-, " .... j 25 fgj
Dried Apples " 1 00 fifi
Butter y lb 17 00 20
Clieese, '• f> 10
Hams and Shoulders " .... 0 f5 12$
Dried Reaches, ;... " 12 fie 1<
Dried 1 terries. " 12 (>£ ISJ
Eggs, dozen,.... fqj 15
Time Table,Waverly Station, N Y. &E.R.R
Taking ofleet, November 10, 18,55.
norsn fast. I noi Nii wi;st.
N. York Express. 11 5s A.M | Buffalo Express, 433 t'.M
Niuht Express, 11 U I'.M 1 Nigh*-Express, 3 ,52 A.M
rita hiHiiU Kx|u t25 A M Emigrant, 3 lis I' M
Mail, 7 45 l'.MiMailj 0 30 A M
Rochester Ace. in no AMI Rochester Ace. 920 P.M
Stock Express, 2 45 A M' Freight No. I. 1 15 P.M
T A U Pi S will Itcrnafter
the Ward Hons*-, until fnrilier
—v • -r* . notice, a- follows :
FOR W.\ VKifLY- -Lcnw at 2 o'clock. F. M., arriving
iu time to take the trains, east and west. Leave after the
arrival of the morning train-, from tlie ea-t and west.
FOR TUNKH AN NOCK I,cave immediately upon the
arrival of flu- Waveriey stage, ahout 2. P.M. Arrive at
Towanda, in time to connect with the -t.ige for Warerlv.
Dc . 7. 1 5.1,5, SMITH A POWELL, Proprietors'.
Nrra OUiPcrliscnK-nts.
IT'RKSH C.\ MTTLKNE AND lirflNlNMr
j J: FLUIH for -ale hv S. FBMTON.
I AST CALL !—AH indebted to tire kl>-
J (kkrilie*. ns Jiite Revister ami Recorder and Clerk of
the 1 Irphans' Court, are ri-niested to make payment hy or
lg'fore Fetiruary Ponrt. AM ae<*onts unpaid after that
tine' wHile placed in proper hands 6ir ewJieotioti.
I Jun.d.lKVi 11. L. st'OTT.
WPW liOOKS
JVZT i?Krp:fvi*T p.y m. lauohlu,
At the I'ost OfTice.
The Huiiter's Fea-t. liy ('apt. Mayiic Ileid ;
Geoffrey Moiictoii. l>v tio. M<ocie 7
| Kate Weston, or To Win and To Do;
j Scenes in Hie Fitftic* of a \c)v York Sargrsm ; *
' My Bond age and My Kieedolu, by Fred Dougbi-s ;i
j Tue Widow Redott Papers;
Inside Vitaf 0} Slavery :
, ArrheyM<>pre,or tlie White Slave ; _ , /, ,
1 Ten A eafs among the Midi Bajys ;
; li)a May. by Tfark tiitfmlon;
' Star Fapcr-.hy fb nVy Ward Beec'her:
Doe-tick.-, Bar num. A-c. Ac. .rannnry i.
• T TfT HEOKT VK!>, WilotKer lot \if il| a (
' r| iu. e DIHFIi BJ'JEF, also hi t rate GHEEM:. at
I Julv 12 I-> 55. FOX'S
New Aducrtisfuumts.
QTOVE FUJI SALE—Out- Stone Cool
O LOOKING STOYK, with Furniture complete. *<•
second-hand Wattl Looking Stove ; ow secuua-UaudPar-
Ipr Stove, and one (irate for burning Oucri.
t. 1 h BAIIJCY A KEVINS^
LIST OF LETTERS renwiiiiiipriiititu Post
Office dt TUWANDA, Decembers!, ISM.
A dams Caleb Hurley John
Bull J B Irvine Win
Beardske Sarah Keefc Patrick
Blake Thorns** Lathrop J. (!.
Bowman Catharine I4neh Pat.ru k
ljertjanihr John I - v Mary
Brown John J M-mhar Daniel
lleav<l>leo Kate Mouie diaries,
Bennett John M Moore Wu.
Cnmining Mis* S K Murphy Mary.
Crosby I. V H 2 Patterson .Marindu
CampJiell John F Peckham Peleg
Coveril.ile ('harlcs T Flatt Christopher
Uuluniiugs Sarah if Fierce Chester
Cooley Cordelia M Pollard Thomas
Cbnlifmek Anna if (Join Francis
Con lev M arttra C ltoche Constaad
Crofut la-vi I toners Jesse
Clark Benj. heirs of Roger* Wm.
Drake F B Randal John
Dunn Thomas Spain John
Donahue Bernard Siyter Wm A.
Drisluine Richard Smith James Jr.
Dreifuss Hiniou Smith Wm
Decker Win II Sastor John
Decker Wm Smith Jane A.
Duloeher Simon Stock well Clarissa
Flint George W Kteveus Homer H.
Fassett Georxe W Shores Freeman
(■raily Mrs Tucker Henry
(■aid <leorge Vatigortkr Rebecca
Goodwin Geo W 2 Welch Susan 3
Horton Bishop Warner Mrs. M.
Heath 11 2 Weed Angvsta A
Harret Rose Wilkinson I-eonora
Hairle Wm Fred Walen John
Horton James Woodruff Margaret
Howard Jurvis O 2 Wicofl Sarah
Persons calling for any of these letters, please mention
they are advertised. il. C. PORTER, I*. M.
DISSOLUTION.— THE FIRM of PHILIPS
A N'ICHOI.SU this day dissolved by mutual con
sent. The business will la* conducted by W. H. Phillips,
wiio is authorized to settle the a (lairs of the late firm.
W. H. PHII.I.IPS,
(Iranvilli-, Dec. Ik. IkAI. A. T. .VfCH( IRH.
GREAT REDUCTION IN PRICES!
I foil the purpose of cletirinjr out our entire
ST<CK OF STOVES, before moving into our new
store, we will sell for cash at prices full 11 per cent, less
than our usual rates. Persons iu want of a Stove will do
well to eall soon.
January 1. ldd. HALL A RUSSELL.
SI IK RIF F'S S A LE.—By virtue of a writ of
vend.ex. issued out of the Court of Common Pleas of
Bradford county, to lue ilift'cted, I shall expose to public
sale at the Court House, in the boro' of Towunda, on
Saturday, the 2d day of February, 1856, at 1 o'clock, P.
M. the following descrilied lot, piece or parcel of land sit
uate ip Wyalusing twp., bounded on the north by lands oT
Michael Fee, east by funds of Rosa Carr, south by landsof
Amos S, Cid cm an, and Wc-t by lands id Hiram Waabburn.
Coiitaiuiug fifty acres, yiore or less, witfi about thirty
acres iinproveil, one l"g house thereon.
Seized and taken in execution at the suit of K. W. IJuferd
vs. Anthony Far well.
JOHN' A. CODDING, Sheriff.
Sheriffs Office, To wand, i, Jan. 2, 1816.
iSiC Notice is hereby given, that an amount equal to the
co-ts will be required to be paid ti|K>n each sale when
struck down to the bidder, and upon failing to comply
with this regulation, the tract of land will again lie offer
ed for sale, Jons A. Camvu.
JARESH LEMONS—ft quantity 'just receiv
; cdat dec 22 ' POX'S.
IjMiESII CANDY, by the quantity, nt ma
nufac tor's prices, dec' 22 FOX'S.
NEW BOOKS!
IKIN(LSJEJ\Y bftfi ju.st received from
• New York and Philadelphia a large supply of NEW
BOOKS, including some very nice ANNUA LS for 1856.
Also a great variety of Books suitable for Christmas and
New Year (lilts, Ac. Towanda, Pee. 20. 18.1a.
FARM TO RENT.
Til K SUBSCRIBER is desirous of renting
ggggjgo his Farm situated in the township of Wysox,
raSaaslw alsiut three miles from To wanda. am] one mile
from tin* Canal at I'ioltet's. There are about
SEVKXTY ACRES under improvement, with
a l;irf-'e new house and first rate Imrn.Ae. Said farm is
well adapted to tlie raising of all kinds of grain, besides
l>eing a k"ssl r a nn for keeping a dairy. The snhseribM
will leave on the farm a horse team, wagon, plows, luir
rows, and all kinds of implements necessary for working
said farm, together with nlmut eight rows. " A sols*r. ho
nest. Industrious man. with a wife who understands butter
making, can do well on this farm. None other need ap
ply. Possession given <>u the tirst day of April next. For
further particulars empiiieof the .subscrilier on the premi
ses. WILLIAM SCOTT.
Wysox, Defends* 22, le.Vi.
THE ELECTRO CHEMICAL BATH,
AND
DIRECT &. TO &. FRO ELECTRO MAGNETIC MACHINE.
JAMBS HARRIS. Kikltkici an, of Towanda. respect
fully in forms tin* public tiuit he has lately procured
from New York the celebrated Electro-t heuii. al Rath,
which lias proven to LW MM of the most {important and
wonderful discoveries'of the aire, from its ability t<>extract
ni in era is from the human system.
Some eight years ago. a physician of t'im iituaii disco
vered the process of extracting minerals from the bo.i . ,
hy galvanism ; more recently, M. V, igos, of Nev. York,
ail electro-gibler. buying snffi red from the introdm tftn of
poisonous minerals into his sy.-tem in the prosecution of
his art, conceived the idea ot removing tiiern hy the same
processes, he succeeded in doing so, and quickly recovered.
lie then applied the same means to others similarly af
fected, with like results. His success exceeded his most
sanguine expectations, for not only did these Baths remove
mineral poisons, irtit cured many diseases, some of which
were the result of minerals, and some were not.
More recent experiments hare fully continued the sin
gular power of this Bath to draw from the system all mi
nerals that may he lodged therein, to the great detriment
of health. Very often persons are nffihted by dise:ii>
which are fieynnd the comprehension of the most skilful
physicians, and which are the effect of |H>isonrms mine
rals accumnlating In the system lor years, taken in the
shape of calomel, lead, Ac. Ac.
The following arc some of the diseases enrod by these
baths: Rheumatism, Paralysis, Palsy, Painter's Uholic,
Chronic Uhora, Glandular Swellings, Scrofula, Cancer,
Neuralia in all its forms, Salt Rheum and Humors of all
kinds.
lie lias also S.B. Smith's newly invented DIRECT AND
TO AND FRO ELECTROMAGNETIC MACHINE, which
is a great improvement on the Magnetic nun hines hereto
fore in use. With the aid of the Bath and M.vchine, we
have at command all the available medical efficiency of
Electricity. The medical power of the Machine is very
great, in introducing medicines into the system through
the pores of the skill—applying it directly to the parts af
fected, which gives an increase of medicinal power over
that of taking it into the stomach, rendering it particular
ly efficacious in all loci I diseases.
I am now prepared tu apply these Baths, and also the
Machines, at my house iu the south part of the borough
of Towanda, or 'i will visit patients at a distance, who are
unable by reason of disease to conic to this place, at mo
derate prices.
I am also sole agent for Bradford count v. for the aliove
Machines. JAMES HARRIS.
Towanda, December 22, 155.7.
CA S H—A N D C R EDIT !
f I'M IK suliseriU'.r gratet'iilly announces iiis thanks for the
L lilieral patronage received during the past year, and
resneett'iiHy solicit- a continuance <>t the trade, which lie
will endeavor to merit by keeping his Stork continually
rtpJcninhnl by CASHptii tkiunt, with a large and four
assortment oi Goods, winch tirmil year* tx}irr tenet' lias
enabled hiin to " buy at the Imertl rates"' of the " impor
ters rind Manufacturers"—by sidling low—by adopting the
Cash Systkm entirely, and hy making a general retlur
tion of price*.
Consequently, the credit system will cease on ami utter
the first day of January, Dili.
All persons indelited are requested to make isnmr
diate payment. H. C. PORTER.
Office and Drug Store in South end of the Ward House,
lb-comber 20, IMSS.
IVTOrfTHIiY MAGAZINES
AT TOWKU JUTKS, for
k J inent'iH advanced than can is- ohfaiiicdln otln r way
free of postage-—large lists are now being formed tor
Harper's, Harper's Story Book,
Putnam's, Littel's Living Age.
Graham's, Goiter's Lady's Rook,
National fMethodist.) National (Peterson's).
Now js the time to subscribe, as the volumes nearly all
commenci- with thefirst of January. Renn-mis r the num
ber,- delivered at my store the first of each month, tree of
postage, Dee. 25. t). D. RARTLKTT.
Extraordinary BTcvs !
To nun Unit have, and ongilt to have Corn to S'rtJ
A LI. Ff'.l'SONS indebted to the suhseritier, eitlscr iby
r\ note nr on tlie tmok* of the late firm of T. Humphrey
A Co.. or the former firm of Frisfde A- Rronson, are fluty
notified in season that all accounts not settled previous to
the first day of February. 1.16, will then go into the mill
sometimes used for grinding out equity and justice, and
go through too, as fast the Con-titl'de can go ronnd.—
r'riepds and foes take hoed, and come to the resouel,
Ite.eud.Cr 1(1, 15",.), T. lII'UPHRRI*.
TI'.VH, Wtii (Irot-u :nn\ Black -
r f i .'in '.71 tents to *1 b" every pound wart anted Jtu
uit . i •he lie la v n turned in ail u*. at J ON S
Legal 'AJtocriirmcutg.
AILMINISTUATOU'S NOTlCE!—Notice*
toJw*#o K'VV'b Ui.it 41! pursou* indebted to tli* e*
tat* f Thomas In ghiwt, ebs 1, lt ot .Wean townahip,
are hereby requested to make payment witliemt Jt.bv;
J all (arson* having i-lahiw against said estA will
((least present them duly authenticated fur aclvMNfet
Oct. IC. ISM. JOBEPH W. IV<;(| yM.*\HP r .
pXEgWTOire NOTICE.- All ixr*^s"in
rJ d.;lrfcd to the estate of MA KY CA KM Ell, deceased,
late of Litchfield township, are hereby notified to isa-V
payment without del ay, and all |>e**o!is having demauds
again-l •..?} c-i.;' -..a ;* queried to prereat them dulv au
• fltentiea*. <! for —ttH-no-co. WILLI \M t'A RNKR,
| Lrivtrttelu, Ortohif aw. llVh Kxecutor.
KKO ISTKK'S N(T1 CKS. -NViee is hefc
' by Riven th.rt there have been filed and settled 111
the office of Uie Register ot Wills, in and for the comity of
Bradford, account* of administration Upon the following
estates, Via : •
final account of H. M. I'ock.exeseutoroi Itauikiah TOtk
late of Smitlitlcld. deceased.
Final account of George P. Bumham, adminisflfcfcar of
Harvey Ward, hcte erf Burlington. deceased.
Final account,*! 11. h, and N. C. liowen, udiuiniotrututk
of Jacob J. Itowen, late of Warren, deceased-
Partial nrcount of A. Phelps and K. R. French. execs
tore of Kbeneccr French, late of Siuttbfleld, deceased.
final account of C. M. Urowu, administrator of William
Piper, lute of Monroe, deceased.
Final account of Anson and Rtios 4iuMtiu, administra
tors of Wo. H. (Instin, late of Columbia, dee eaaeeL
Final account of Charles Stock well, surviving adtnhij.-*
trator of Sterlinjr lloleoinh. late of la-Toy, deceased.
Pnrtial account of Hansom < 'ninehill.'aelniiuuUator of
Tanner Crandall. late of Springfield. deceased.
Final account of J. M. fliilKps, administrator of C. P.
11rilli|m, late of Burlington, ele< eased.
Filial account of T. M. Beach, administrator of Jafiroa
Nichols. lute of Siuithlield, deceased.
And the same will be presented to the Orphan's Court
of Bradford county, em .Monday, the 4th day of February
next, for continuation ami allowance.
JAMES 11. WERII. Register.
Register's Office. Towanda. December N. lAM.
PIiOCL AM ATI OX.—'Whereas, the Hon!
DAVID VVILMOT, President Judge of the 12th Ju
[ dieial District, consisting of the Counties of Bradford, Sus
quehanna and Sullivan, and lions. M IKON B W.I.AKH and
H.VKUY ACKLEY, Associate Judges, in ami tor said county
| of Bradford, have issued their precept henring date the
3 itb r'ay of Dec. A.U.1H55, to nte directed, lor holding a
i Court ot Oyer aud Terminer, Gencr.eJ Quarter Scssi >ns of
the Peace."Common Pleas and Orphan's Conrt. at Towan
da, for the Comity of Bradford, on the fir-t Monday, the
4th day of February next, to continue three weeks.
Notice is therefore hereby given, to the Coroners and
Justices of the Peace and Constable*, of the County of
Bradford, that they lie then and there in their proper per
son, at 10 o'clock m the forenoon of said day, with their
records, inquisitions, and other remembrances, to dei tlrnso
thing* which to their office appertains to be dtme ; and
those who are liound by recogmxance of other wise- to pro
secute against the prisoners who are or may be in the jail
of saiel County, or who shall be bating to ajipear at the
said court, are to lie then and there to prosecute against
tlieni as shall liejust. Jurors are requested to las punctual
In their attendance, agreeably to their notice.
Dated at Towanda, the 22d of Detayulier, in tiie year of our
Lord. one thousand eight huittre-d and fifty-live, and of
file Independence of the United States, the sereuty
rihttii. JOHN A. CODDING, Sheriff.
A EDITOR'S 1 NOTICE —C. F. Wffu^s.
I V. J. S. Prtrrtem. No. 75, Dee, T. 1 *sf ;in the Com
mon Pleas of Bradford County.
Notice is, hcruhv given, that the undersigned, Auditor
appointed hy the Court to distribute moneys in the Rber
tifl s hands."raised hy sale of said ilefeniiaht'a personal es
tat*, will attend to.tin- cue lies of lit* aupoiutiaunt at hh
office in the Ism nigh uf towanda, on Monday, tlie 21t
day of January, l*-*>fi. at two o'clock. P. M., and all per
sons having claims upon said money must pre-cnt tbeiu
at that time and place, or else he fcivver debarred from
the snnif.
Dee*. 11. IS.M. I'. D. MORROW. Auditor.
\VI) I T<) I: \S NOTJ r fc- E. Chn i^b.n, U,
± \ ,'/ii of J. I). ITurifutiye. t'-. Random Payne. 11l
the Court of Com. Vlen* >f Bi idfon' eoeiuty. No. 310 Sep
tember Term. I*.V. Also, Situs Payne, U> li t u*e vj J.
If. Ifoodlnuii. c.v. Abraham Peyne mid Paipit.
No. ?,TH. Mav Te-rm. 13.*>4.
Notice is hereby given, that the undersigned. Auditor
a(ipointeel by said Court,to distribute inouev in the Sher
iff's hands, raised by the sale of sabl ilefotnlant's real es
tate, will ait end to the duties of lit* appointment at hie
office tn Die borough of Towanda, ou Tuesday, the 22d
day of January, 1 >•.'><>, at 2 o'clock, P. M., at wuichtuno
anil place all persons having claims upon said money must
present them, or else lie forever debarred from the same.
Dec. 14, 1*55. I'. D. MOUKOW, Auditor.
AUDITORS NOTICE.— C. N< SHIFTMAN
r*. O. S. Cuxttr fy V. I- I i'hite. —ltt Bradford Gotu.
Pleas, Ku, 313, Seittciulur Term, 1*55.
The undersigned, \iidltnr appointed hv the sr. id Court,
to distribute funds raised lv the Shet id 's sale of defen
dant's real estate, will attend to the duties of his appoint
ruent.ut the office hf Wni. EI well, Esq., in the borough of
Towanda. on Saturday, the 'ifith day of January. 185i. at
one oMork, I*. M., at which time and place ail persons in
terested in said funds are requested to pre suit tfiels claims
or else !• forever debarred from the same.
Itee. M, 1*55. If. it M KHAN. Auditor.
Z 1 UAIIDIAN'S SALE —Hy virtue of an
\T order of tlie Orphan's Court of Bradford County .will
lie exposed to public sale, on SA i U lit) At, the sth day of
JANUARY next, at one o'clock, I*. M.,at the house upon
the preiui-es hereinafter described in Windham fnwpship
The our umiihJni rnuApart of all that lot, piece or
pan-cl of laud Situate in Windham township, aforesaid,
in Bradford enmity, bounded on the north by lands of - -
Neul; on the east by lands of ('harics Walker end Ste
phen Sherman : on tho south by lands of Richard iiiil y,
and on the ivcfl by lands <>S Benjaiiiir Clnpr and lle/.eki
ah Ibviding -n.'iii. - hundred r.m! n acre*,
more or ie--. iluit sixtv thereat impmVec. nod w ifh a
framed iiousc, framed ban and an ajpie a cloud thereof.
■Said interest sold a- the pro, . >f Francis Xeal, a mi
lior. Tertnr : made known on the day of sale.
EDVVAED NKAI-, Oiuurdicn
DT-C. 10, ISSJ. of Francis Seal.
\ EDITOR'S NOTICE.— I), Bailey 4- So*
a~W. In the u*e of -I. S. Smith, vs. 11. 11. 4" H- C-
Cootbaugh —ln Bradford Commqji lteas, No. 223, Deeein
t>er Term. 1*52.
Tiic undersigned, an Auditor appointed by said Court,
to distribute funds raised by Sheriffs sale of real estate in
this cause, will attend to the duties of his amiointnient at
his office iu the borough of Towanda, on Tnnrsday, tho
31st day of January, 1*56, at one o'clock iu the afternoon,
at which time and place all |>ersons interested in safdfhnd*
are requested to present their claims, or else be forever
debarred from the same.
Dec. 10,1X53. (1. H. WATKIXB. AodiUir.
AUDITOR'S NOTICE.— GHV Tram, r..
vt. Luther H. Child*. In the court of Cummnn Plena
Bradford Co. No. 20*, September Term, 1*53.
The undersigned Auditor appointed by said Court, to
distribute the funds raised by Sheriff sale of defendant's
real estate, will attend to the 2 duties assigned liilll
at his office in the borough of Towanda. on Wednesday,
the 30th day of January. 1*36. at one o'clock in the after
noon. when and where all persons having claims are re
quested to present tliem, or Is- forever deliarred therefrom.
Dee. 10. 1*53. (i. If. WATKTNS, Auditor.
ORPHAN'S COURT SALE.—By virtue
of nn order of the Orphan's Court of Bradford Conn
tv, will lie exposed to put die sale on the premises, at 2
o'clock. P. M.. on FRIDAY, the llth day of JANUARY
next, tlie following described messuage, lot, piece or par
cel of land situate in the township of Troy. Bradford t'o.,
and istnnded a* follows, viz : On the east by lands of Jes
se Beech ; on the south by Sugar Creek : on the west by
lands of Roliert Clafliu ; on the north by lands of James
P. Pratt and K. l.oomis. Containing about ninety acre*,
more or less. It being all that certain farm upon which
Beriali Pratt resided at the time ol bis decease.
Attendance given and terms made known on the day of
sale. C. li. i'AMPUKUL.
JOHN SALISBURY,
Dec. 11, 1*55. Administrators iif I'.eriah Pratt, dee d
ADM IN I.STRATOiv'S NOTlCE.—Notice
is liereby given, that a§ jicrsou,* indebted to the es
tate of Ransom I'. Adams, dev'd.. late of Ridgberv Town
ship, are hereby requested to make iiyluent withont
lay; and all persons having claims against said estate wtli
please present them dulj' authenticated for settlement.
Dee. 12. I*.'.'.. S'AMI'KII J. ADAMS, AdmtnV..
A EDITOR'S NOTICE.— hi ihf WNMR of
J.X. Use e*tuh nf Motor R. ll tlcox, S tceasttl.. fel the
Orphan's Court of Bradford County.
Notice is liereby given, that the' undersigned, Andft>r
appointed by said" t'oiirt. to distribute iun4- m tlw hands
ot the Adiaini-trators of -aid ' state, by the sale ot
real estate, will attend to the ibitlrs nr hS appointment,
at his ofli e.in the borough of Thteanlt. on Wednesday,
tlie 23rd day of January, l*sii, at una o'clock, P. M-,wlun
and when- .111 hereon* having elabtip nppn said fluids inn. t
present them. or ehwbe lorecer fMionvu fmmthe same.
Dee. U. 1*55. R D. MOHIMOV, Anditoi.
TN THE MATTER of ME partition of th
1 Rent FMate of 7>/u?W CY< mda'l. I ait of Spring fart,!
township. JsiraW,
N'oti. e is herein gfven to all persons Infere-t' d in the
partition of the veal estate ul Tanner C'raadali, lute ot tho
tnwnship of Spiingtii Id. to rome intoeonrt on MONDAA
tlie 4tb day of F-.-!*iuiry m-xfc 1" Wopt 'I refuse trie laud
at the valuation made by the iaom-t, kwhkh was held by
the sth, riff, upon the proml-e*, on the ?Mh day of April,
lx.U.) aeedrdftig to ike righi of pr ; "lity of choice.
Due. 21. 1-xa.l, J 11. V- KBU, t'leikof 0. t'.
NTDTWK.—ITlvt' 1 Tlvt' mimml niwitiiur ol stock
hokiorsof tlie BARCLAY HAIL H U> A* M.
COMPA.NII, will he held at theif office m I'hil.blelphi.i.
(NoVtli west coiner of Jth ami Wafnut sts > on MONTI \ V
the tub day of January, |R5t. at 12 o'elo -k. Hi . at which
Ineo ;m tln'tioii will I v hW loi a IVc.-j'Uiit .unttwelv
Dfrtx tois to ,*! vt thy et. ulng var.
D, 2o l i,i u* :' OVT Sc.tctarv 5