currence in it, was immediately used against
him to invalidate his present opinions.
Unfortunately he had forgotten this cabinet
consultation and his own concurrence in itsde
ci s on—believed fully that no such thing had
occurred —and adhered firmly to the new dogma
of total denial all constitutional power in
Congress to legislate slavery from a territory.
This brought up recollections to sustain the
tradition which told of the consultation—to
show that it took place—that its voice was
unanimous in favor of the compromise—and
consequently, that Mr. Calhoun himself was in
favor of it. Old writings were produced.
First, a facsimile copy of an original paper
in Mr. Monroe's handwriting, found among his
manuscripts, dated March 4th, 1820, (two
days before the approval of the Missouri
Compromise act,) and endorsed : " Interroga
tories—Missouri —to the heads of departments
and the Attorney-General and containing
within two questions : " 1. Has a Congress a
right, under the powers vested in it by the
constitution, to make a regulation prohibiting
slavery in a territory? 2. Is the Bth section of
the act which passed both houses of Congress,
on the 3d iustant, for the admission of Missouri
into the Union, consistent with the constitu
tion ?"
Scrmid/y, the draft of an original letter in
Mr. Mom •oe's handwriting, but without
signature, date or address, but believed to have
been addressed to General Jackson, in which
he savs : " The question which lately agitated
Congress and the public has been settled, as
you have seen, by the passage of an act for
the admission of Missouri, as a state, unrestrict
ed, and Arkansas,also, when it reaches maturity,
and the establishment of the parallel of 36
degrees 30 minutes as a line north of which
slavery is prohibited, and permitted south of
it. 1 took the opinion, in writing, of the
administration as to the constitutionality of re
straining territories, which was explicit iu favor
of it, and as it was that the Bth section of the
act was applicable to territories only, and not
to states when they should be admitted into tint
Union.
Thirdly, an extract from the diary of Mr.
John Qtiincy Adams, under date of the 3d of
Mr. March, 1820, stating that the President
on that day assembled hi§cabinet to ask their
opinions on the two questious mentioned, which
the whole cabinet immediately answered unani
mously and affirmatively ; that on the sth he
sent the questions in writing to the members
of his cabinet, to receive their written answers,
to be filed in the Department of State ; and
that on the 6th he took his own answer to the
President, to be filed with the rest, all agreeing
in the affirmative, and only differing some in
assigning, others not assigning reasons for his
opinion. The diary states that the President
signed bis approval of the Missouri act on the
6th, (which the act shows he did,) and re
quested Mr. Adams to have all the opinions
tiled in the Department of State.
Upon this evidence it would have rested I
without question that Mr. Monroe's cabinet |
had been consulted on the constitutionality of j
the Missouri Compromise line, and that all;
concurred in it, had it.not been for the denial
Mr. Calhoun in the debate on the Oregon
Territorial bill. His denial brought out this
evidence ; and, notwithstanding its production
and conclusiveness, he adhered tenaciously to
his disbelief of the whole occurrence, ami
especially the whole of his own imputed share ;
in it. Two circumstances, specious in them- j
selves, favored this denial ; first, that no such
papers as those described by Mr .Adams were ;
to be found in the Department of State ; |
secondly, that in the original draft of Mr. ;
Monroe's letter, it had first been written j
that the affirmative answers of his cabinet to
his two interrogatories were " unanimous," ;
which word had been crossed out and " explicit" j
substituted.
With some these circumstances weighed no-j
thing against the testimony of two witnesses,;
aud the current corroborating incidents of j
tradition. In the lapse of twenty-seven years,
and in the changes to which our cabinet officers
and the clerks of departments are subjected, it
was easy to believe that the papers had been
mislaid or lost—far easier than to believe that
Mr. Adams could have been mistaken in the
entry made in his dairy at the time. And as
to the substitution of " explicit" for unanimous"'
that was known to be necessary in order to
avoid the violation of the rule which forbid the
disclosure of individual opinions in the cabinet
consultations. With others, and especially
with the political friends of Mr. Calhoun, they
were received as full confirmation of his denial,
and left them at liberty to accept his present
opinions as those of his whole life, uniiivalidat
ed by previous personal discrepancy and the
weight of a cabinet decision under Mr. Monroe ;
and accordingly the new-born dogma of no
power in Congress to legislate upon the. existence
of slavery in territories, became au article of
political faith, incorporated in the creed, and
that for action, of a large political party.
What is now brought to light of the proceed
ings in the Senate in '37-38, shows this to have
been a mistake—that Mr. Calhoun admitted
the power in 1820, when he favored the com
promise and blamed Mr. Randolph for opposing
it—that he admitted it again in 1838, when lie
submitted his own resolution, and voted for
that of Mr. Clay. It so happened that no one
recollected these proceedings of "37-"38 at the
time of the Oregon debate of '47-'4B. The
writer of this view, though possessing a
memory credited as tenacious, did not recollect
them, nor remember them at all until found
among the materials collected for this history
—a circumstance which lie attributes to his re
pugnance to the whole debate, and taking no
part in the proceedings, except to vote.
The cabinet consultation of 1820 was not
mentioned by Mr. Calhoun in his avowal of
1838, nor is it necessary to the object of this
view to pursue his connection with that private
executive counselling.
The only material inquiry is as to his approval
of the Missouri Compromise at the time it
was adopted, and that is fully established by
himself.
It would be a labor unworthy of history to
look up the conduct of any public man and
trace him through shifting scenes with a mere
view to personal effect—with a mere view to
personal disparagement, by showing him contra
dictory and inconsistent at some |>eriod of his
course. Such a labor would be idle, unprofi
table and derogatory. lint when a change
takes place in a public man's opinions, which
leads to a change of conduct and into a new
line of action disastrous to the country, it be
comes the duty of history to note tlie fact, and
to expose the contradiction, not for personal
disparagement, but to counteract the force of
the new and dangerous opinion.
In this sense it becomes an obligatory task
to show the change, or rather changes, in Mr.
t illjoun s opinions on the constitutional power
of Congress over the existence of slavery in
the "national territories. And these changes
have been great —too great to admit of follow
ers if they had been known. The last of these
mutations, or rather the one before the last,
(for there are but few who can go the whole
length of the three propositions in the Oregon
speech) has been adopted by a large political
party, and acted upon, aud with deplorable
effect to the country.
Holding the Missouri Compromise to have been
unconstitutional, they have abrogated it as a
nullitv ! and in so doing have done more to
disturb the harmony of this Union, to unsettle
its foundations, and to shake its stability than
any act, or all acts put together since the
commencement of the federal government. —
This lamentable act could not have been done
—could not have found a party to do it—if
Mr. Calhoun had not changed liis opinion on
the constitutionality of the Missouri Compro
mise line, or could have recollected in 1848 that
he approved that line in 1820, and that he saw
nothing unconstitutional in it as late as 1838.
The change being now shown, and the imper
fection of his memory made manifest by his
own testimony, it becomes certain that the new
doctrine was an after-thought, disowned by its
antecedents, and which its author would have
been stopped from promulgating if their ante
cedents had been recollected. History now
pleads it as an estoppel against his followers.
Mr. Monroe in his letter to General Jackson
immediately after the establishment of the
Missouri Compromise, said that compromise
settled the slavery agitation which threatened
to break up the Union. Thirty-four years of
quiet and harmony under that settlement bear
witness to the truth of these words, spoken in
the fulness of patriotic gratitude at seeing his
country escape from a great danger. The year
1854 Ims seen the abrogation of that compro
mise, and with its abrogation the revival of
the agitation, and with a force and fury never
known before. And now may be seen iu fact
what was hypothetically foreseen by Mr.
Calhoun in 1838, when, as the fruit of this
agitation,he saw the destruction of all sympathy
between the two sections of the Union, obliter
ation from the memory of all proud recollections
of former common danger and glory, hatred
in the hearts of the North and South more
deadly than ever existed between two neighbor
ing nations. May we not have to witness the
remainder of his prophetic vision—" Two
PEOPLE MADE OF ONE !"
[From the Heading Journal.]
American State Convention.
An American State Convention composed
of delegates from the various subordinate
Councils of the Commonwealth, assembled iu
the Odd Fellows' Hall, in this city, on Tuesday
morning last, July 2d, aud held regular morn
ing, afternoon aud evening sessions until Thurs
day morning last, when the Convention adjourn
ed sine die.
About two hundred delegates were in at
tendance, including a large representation from
the western part of the State. Col. John It.
Edie, of Somerset, presided, assisted by the
usual number of Vice Presidents and Secreta
ries. The sessions of the Convention were not
open to the public, and we are, therefore unable
to give the full proceedings. The most impor
tant particulars, however, have transpired,
from which we sum up the following report :
The Convention was called for the purpose
of taking action upon the proceedings of the
National Convention, recently held in Philadel
phia, aud laying down a code of principles for j
the government of the party in this Common- !
wealth. The only material difference of opinion
appeared to be in regard to tiie endorsement of ,
the 12t.h section of the National Platform, '
relating to slavery, which was vehemently
opposed by the western delegates in a body,
and a large majority of the members of the
Convention from other parts of the State.—
The first vote taken was upon a motion to
adopt the 12th section as it stands in the
National programme, which was lost by 30 yeas
to 143 nays. The report of the majority of the
Committee on platform was next considered.—
This report was strongly freesoil, and was also
voted down by 89 yeas to 104 nays. The
report of the minority of the Platform Com
mittee next came before the Convention, and
was adopted in place of the 12th section 133
yeas to 53 nays. The uew section adopted is
in the following words :
XII. That the question of Slavery should
not be introduced into the Platform of the
American Party, being convinced that no such
issue was intended to be embraced within its
principles and objects.
That we believe in, and shall ever defend the
right of freedom of discussions on that and
every other subject, not intended to be embrac
ed within the designs of our organization.—
But inasmuch as the subject has been forced
upon us, we regard the repeal of the Missouri
Compromise as an infraction of the plighted
faith of the nation, and that it should be re
stored, and if efforts to that end should fail,
Congress should refuse to admit any State
tolerating Slavery, which shall be formed
out of any portion of the territory from which
that institution was excluded by that Compro
mise.
Of tlie 133 yeas by wliicli this section was
passed, 73 were given by eastern Delegates,
and 60 by western. Of the 53 negative votes
23 only were from the east—3o western men
having opposed the section as not strongenough.
As between the section repudiated and the
section adopted the real sense of the Convention
may be set down 163 in favor to 23 against.
On the evening previous to adjournment a
resolution was offered calling another National
Convention on the Bth of January next, to act
on the Pennsylvania platform. The resolution
is as follows :
llesolced, That a Committee of Thirteen be
appointed to invite the co-operation of all the
State Councils iu the Confederacy, who may
be willing to concur in the principles and plat
form this day adopted by the State of Penn
sylvania, as and for her National Creed ; and
that a Convention be held at Cincinnati, on
the Bth day of January next, to concert
measures to secure the nomination in the Con
vention. called by the National Council, of
candidates for President and Vice President,
who are willing to stand upon the Platform
this day established, and transact such other
matters as may be deemed necessary to secure
the success of the American Party in the
Union. The representatives of each State in
said Convention to be equal to the number of
members such State is entitled to in the
National Congress.
THF. OHIO HARVEST.— Dayton, July 7. —The
wheat harvest in the Miami valley has been
progressing throughout the week, and the wea
ther Ims been remarkably favorable for the
gathering of the crop. Its abundance has far
exceeded expectations, and the grain is of su
perior quality. In oats, rye and barley a hea
vy i rop is also anticipated.
Ilrabfort) Biporte.
E. O. GOODRICH, EDITOR.
TOWANDA :
Satnrban fUornmn, 3ultt 11, 1855.
TERMS— One Dollar per annum, invariably in advance.—
Four iceeks previous to the expiration of a subscription,
notice trill be given by a printed wrapper, and if not re
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lowing extremely low rates :
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ADVERTISEMENTS — For a square of ten line* or less. One
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JOB-WOKK — Executed with accuracy and despatch, and at
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MONEY may be sent by mail, at our risk—enclosed in an
enrelope, and properly directed, we will be responsible
for its safe delivery.
DEMOCRATIC STATE CONVENTION.
A Democratic State Convention was held at
Harrisburg, on the Fourth day of July, for the
purpose of nominating a candidate for Canal
Commissioner. Bradford County was not re
presented in the Convention, though there was
a pretty full attendance of delegates. The Con
vention was permanently organized by the elec
tion of the following officers:—
President —J. GLANCY JONES, of Berks.
Vice Presidents. —Joel 15. Daniier, of Adams;
Cameron Loekhard, of Carbon ; Jesse Leazar,
ofGreene : John M'Carty, of Philadelphia eo. ;
Nathan Worley, of Lancaster ; Thos. Adams,
of Perry ; J. It. Jones, of Sullivan ; Thomas
Grove, of \ ork ; John Piatt, of Lycoming ;
David 15. Miller, of Allegheny ; Jesse John
ston, of Bucks ; Wilson Laird, of Erie ; Iliter
Boyer, of Chester : Charles Carter, of Beaver;
Timothy Ives, of Potter; Joseph Lippincott,
of Philadelphia ; Asa Lathrop, of Susquehan
na ; It. W. Weaver, of Columbia.
Secretaries. —Alex. M'Kinuey, of Westmore
land ; John A. luiiis, of Northampton ; Thos.
A. Maguire, of Cambria ; Win. 15. M'Grath,
of Philadelphia ; John Orr, of Franklin.
A resolution was adopted, that the candi
dates for Canal Commissioner be pledged that
they are not Know-Nothings, nor never intend
to be, and that the State Central Committee
shall put the nominee under bonds that he is
not a member of the order, or in case of his
declining to take such a pledge, the Committee
is authorized to make a nomination in his
stead.
The Convention then proceeded to ballot for
a candidate for Canal Commissioner, with the
following result:—
CANDIDATES. Ist BALLOT. 2n. 3l>.
Arnold Plummer, 47 60 77
Win. S. Campbell, 37 * 43 46
John llowe, 10 10
George Scott, 7 5
Robert Irwin, 5 4
Alexander Small, 4
Bernard Reiliy 4 1
Scattering, 9
Whereupon, on the third ballot ARNOLD
PLUMMF.R was declared duly nominated.
From the Committee on resolutions came a
majority report, presented by Col. S. W. BLACK,
and a minority report, presented by Col. 11. B.
WRIGHT. The majority report was adopted by
the Convention, as follows :
Resolved. That the Democratic nartv need not, on old
and settled issues, to declare its principles in detail. It is
sufficient for us to say, that we belong to the Penmor.i-y
of the Union, and recognize no geographical lines between
North and South. The interests of all parts of the coun
try are the same to us, and so far as in our power, we will
maintain the constitutional rights of every state, recogniz
ing, in its widest extent, the principle of popular sover
eignty in the Territories, with uniform fidelity.
Resolved, That everyone who makes our country his
home, and loves the constitution, the laws and the l.oerty
of the Union, is in its largest sense, a true American. Hi's
birth-place was not of his own select-on, and should do
him neither good nor harm—his religion is between him
self and his God, and should be left to his own judgment,
conscience and responsibility.
Resolved, That we regard the secret order, commonlv
called " Know Nothings," as an organization dangerous
to the prosperity and peace of the country. We consider
its designs as unconstitutional and void of patriotism ; be
ing at once opposed to the spirit of true Christianity and
a just and manly American sentiment.
Resolved, That the Democratic party reiterate and re
assert their confidence in. and adherence to, the political
creed promulgated by Thomas Jefferson, in his first Inau
gural address, and practiced by Madison, Monroe .Jackson,
Van Bureu, Polk and Pierce, in their administrations—
that these principles require no concealment, and that ex
perience has fully determined their applicability to all the
interests of the American people.
Resolved, That we have undiminished confidence in the
ability and integrity of Prank!in Pierce, and his aduii.iis
tration of the government of our country.
Resolved. That the views and principles of the present
State Administration, as embodied in the acts passed by
the recent Legislature, and approved by the Governor,
by which the interests of the State have been or are pro
posed to be seriously and injuriously affected, contrast
strongly with the wise and judicious management of the
Government by Governor Higler, and tend to show the
danger of entrusting the control of the Commonwealth to
the hands of men who are swayed by fanaticism and go
verned by prejudice.
Resolved, That we pledge our lieartv and united efforts
to the election of Arnold Plummer, the candidate for Ca
nal Commissioner, whom we have this day nominated
without a dissenting voice.
The resolutions of Col. WRIGHT, were plain
and straightforward. They were in favor of
the extension and perpetuation of slaverv, and
against the "Jug law" of last session. He
failed to persuade the Convention to adopt
them, because it did not agree with the pro
gramme, but he labored hard enough to de
serve at least a foreign mission from President
PIERCE.
Our friend CHASE, who was a member of
the Convention, impressed with the idea that
the proceedings and resolutions of the Conven
tion would not answer for his locality, offered
the following resolutions :
Resolved. That the taking possession of the polls at the
election for the organization of the Territory of Kansas by
large bodies of men from Missouri, for the purpose of over
' awing the bona fide residents of the territory, was a gross
infraction of the laws, and an outrage that calls for the
severe-t reprobation of the American people, and we there
fore most heartily endorse the course pursued by the Hon.
A. H. Reeder, iu his patriotic efforts to enforce the laws
and protect the rights of the people of Kansas from vio
lence and usurpation.
Resolved, That the National Constitution wisely com
mits the subject of slavery to the control of the States
where it has existence, and we will resist all attempts by
the people of the non-slaveholding states to interfere with
the rights guaranteed to the institution, so also we will
resist anj attempt to use the powers of the general gov
ernment to perpetuate or extend the institution.
—which, of conrso, were laid upon the tabic ;
but our indefatigable neighbor, determined not
to give it up so, in order to get something to
swear by, asked the Convention to pass the fol
lowing resolution :
Resolved, That in endorsing the Kebraska-Kansas bill
the Democyiry of Pennsylvania did not commit ;U:a
selves to accept the lawless acts of armeil and organized
bands from adjoining states, as an illustration of the doc
trine of popular sovereignty, but intended only to affirm
the great principle of the right of the actual bona fule
settlers of the Territories to regulate their own domestic
affairs in their own way, without interference from any
quarter.
This was also, of course, laid upon the table,
and Mr. CHASE thereby given to understand
that he must not expeet the Convention to do
anything which would look like rebuking the
excesses of the slavery-propagandists.
The general understanding is, that the no
mination of ARNOLD PLUMMKR is ft "feeler" put
forward for pushing Mr. BUCHANAN for the
Presidency—hence the Convention were afraid
to express the feelings of the Freemen of Penn
sylvania in regard to the recent outrages in
Kansas, perpetrated upon the actual settlers
by ATCHISON IT Co. We prophesied some
weeks since, that Gov. REEDER would be struck
down in the house of his friends, and the late
Democratic Convention has aimed the first
blow. Notwithstanding the Democratic press
of the State has spoken out in defence of Gov.
KKKI>F.R and in rebuke of the " border ruffians"
who invaded the territory of Kansas, with
bowie-knife and revolver to intimidate and over
awe its true settlers, setting law and order at
defiance—the State Convention, the exponent
of the sentiment of the party in this State, lias
not one word to say in defence of the rights of
sett lers and of the principle of " popular sover
eignty" so ruthlessly invaded. At a time when
the people of the North, without exception—
without regard to party or previous action,was
uttering its abhorrence and detestation of the
scenes recently enacted in Kansas, and sustain
ing and applauding Gov. KEEKER for his noble
efforts to administer the laws and protect the
rights of franchise and person—at a time too,
when personal violence is threatened and the
influence of the pro-slavery party exerted to
overthrow him :—it seems to us to be no more
thau justice that the Democratic State Con
vention of his own State should have given
him the encouragement and support of an ex
pression in his favor. We believe that the
people of the State, expected as much, and
that they will hardly be satisfied with less.
But Mr. BUCHANAN'S friends in the Conven
tion are playing the dough-face game of truck
ling for Southern support for their candidate
for the Presidency. The South sustains ATCHI
SON in his determination and outrageous plans
to foree slavery upon the people of Kansas.—
The South demands the removal of Gov. KEEK
ER because he did not acquiesce in the schemes
of the amiable STRINOKELLOW. TO have ap
plauded KEEKER, might have injured the pro
spects of " Pennsylvania's favorite son"—so
KEEKER goes overboard—sacrificed to the Mo
loch of Slavery. Will the people of Pennsyl
vania endorse such action, or be a party to
such schemes ? Has our belligerent friend
CHASE, enough pluck to fight, or will he quiet
ly caress the baud which cuffed him so sound
ly ? We shall sec.
IMFORTANT FROM EUROPE.
The steamship America arrived on the 4th
inst., with Liverpool dates to the 23d ult.—
The news from the Seat of war is important.
The French and English troops, on the 18th
attacked the Itedan and Malakoff forts, and
were repulsed by the Russians with great
slaughter. Private despatches fix the loss at
no fewer than 1,000 men in killed and wound
ed, iucludiug General Campbell and seventy
six other officers. In the English Parliament
Mr. Roebuck has made another motion for a
vote of censure, with regard to the management
of the war.
LATER. —The steamship Pacific arrived at
New York, on Wednesday morning last. The
news by this arrival consists almost entirely of !
details of the intelligence already transmitted
by telegraph, but correspondence does not come
down so late as the 18th June, on which day
the Allies made their unsuccessful attempt to
storm Sebastopol. The allied losses on that i
occasion were overrated,yet the official lists of
killed and wounded foot up considerably over
5,000 men. Notwithstanding this check the
investing Army keep in good spirits and do not
permit their repulse to stay the progress of the
siege. Lord Raglan is dangerously ill and has
asked to be recalled. Sir George Brown is
also ou the sick list. Ilumors of battle on the
Tchcrnaya and elsewhere had caused some dis
traction to speculators, but were untrue. —
There is no immediate indication of further
operations on the Sea of Azoflf or in the Bal
tic.
Administrative reform keeps its ground in
England. Capitalists are exercised respecting
the probable amount and conditions of the
new French loan. Austria continues to dis
band her army. Elsewhere in Europe every
thing is dull.
PENNSYLVANIA RELIEF NOTES. —The report
that these notes would not be received here
after for taxes in Pennsylvania is incorrect.—
On the contrary, a State law took effect on the
Ist inst., requiring them to be received for
taxes, or redeemed in par funds by the State
Treasurer, and then destroyed, while bauks,
county treasurers, toll collectors, ect., arc
expressly prohibited from paying them out.—
This is an excellent law and should be strictly
observed, as gold and silver are abundant"
throughout the country.
THE Goon TIME COMING. —The Kentucky
\\ heat crop is said to be the largest ever grown
in that State. Other States are not much be
hind Kentucky in the abundance of their crops.
By and by flour will be down to a reasonable
price again.
FIRE IN OWEGO.—A barn belonging to the
late Charles Pnmpelly, Esq., and one bclong
iug to Judge Strong were destroyed by fire on
[the night of July 3d.
LOCAL NEWS.
DREADFUL ACCIDENT. —A cannon, which was
used in celebrating at Canton, on the fourth
of July, being too heavily loaded, burst, scat
tering fragments in every direction, and wound
ing a man and boy, both of whom have since
died. The man resided in Union township,
Tioga county, and was named JONATHAN JACK
SON. He is represented as having been an in
dustrious and sober man, leaving a family.—
He was tiring the cannon by means of a cigar,
and was struck by a fragment in the side, caus
ing his death, after a few days of suffering.—
The boy, whose name we have not learned,
was so badly injured that he survived but a
few hours.
The explosion shattered the cannon, which
was a six-pounder, in pieces, and made a wreck
of the carriage. Large fragments were thrown
a considerable distance—one piece entering the
side of a house, just over the head of some la
dies, and demolishing partitions, Ac. This gun
had been used in the western part of the Coun
ty for many years, and the recklessness of those
who loaded it so heavily, can only be account
ed for by their ignorance of the risk they were
incurring. Experiments in the Ordnance De
partment of the army have shown that a can
non will sustain but a certain number of dis
charges, after which it is liable to burst at
every discharge. Scarcely a Fourth of July
passes, but several such accidents occur, gen
erally the result of culpable carelessness.
DROWNED. —A slab, containing the clothes
belonging to ELI Gums, of Standing Stone,
was picked up in the river below that place,
one day last week. As it was known that he
had occasion to cross the river that day, his
friends became alarmed, and made search for
him. On Saturday his lifeless body was found
on DODGE'S bar, near Terry town. It is sup
posed that he placed his clothes upon the slab,
and attempted to swim the river,pushing the
slab before him—being seized with cramp, and
no assistance at hand, he was drowned.
THE "WEATHER AND THE CROPS.—A few cool
days succeeded the fourth of July, but " corn
growing weather" again prevails. A recent
ride up the river displayed to us as fine a pro
mise of crops as ever gladdened the hearts of the
husbandman. The rye is almost or quite rea
dy for the sickle, and wheat is rapidly chang
ing to a golden hue. We hear occasionally
from the iceeril, but it is to be found but oc
casionally, and is confined to the edges of the
lields. Some pieces of wheat may be slightly
injured by this insect, but it is beyond question
that the harvest of wheat will exceed in this
County any former year. Of rye there will be
an abundance. The failure of the wheat last
year has learned our farmers not to depend
upon it alone, and a large breadth of rye has
been sown. It could hardly present a finer
appearance than it now does, under any cir
cumstances.
Oats are very promising—unusually fine—
com more questionable. The wet weather has
prevented many of our farmers from getting
their hoeing done, and the weeds threaten to
overtop the corn. We believe however, that
a fair crop will yet be harvested. Potatoes
are looking very thrifty.
We believe we may safely congratulate our
Farming friends upon the abundance which is
ripening for their garners. Their prosperity
is the prosperity of the country, and though
high prices may rule, yet for a year to come,
at least, this County will have of its products
to spare, instead of drawing upon the provis
ions of the West.
te)'" The following " Salutatory Song" was
written by CLARA STOCKWEI.L, to be sung at
the close of the summer term of the Susque
hanna Collegiate Institute, July 4, 1855 :
AIR—" il'ake Lady from thy slumbers.
Hail, friends! our hearts arc bounding
To meet you ail again,
And music's notes resounding.
Send raptures through each vein ;
CUORl'S.—Then—swell the song! 0, swell the song!
In sweet, unbroken numbers,
O, swell the song! O, swell the song !
Though we should meet 110 more.
Kind Teachers, you, together,
Have nobly struggled on :
And though to-night we sever,
4 ou've earned a fadeless crown.
Then—swell the song! Ac.
And Students, here's a greeting
For you, just free'd from care ;
We see the shades retreating
From faces bright and fair.
Then—swell the song! Ac.
May Angels stoop from Heaven,
To guide this youthful hand.
To them he laurels given
To grace their native land.
CHORUS—Then—swell the song! O, swell the song !
In clear, unbroken numbers ;
O, swell the song ! O, swell the song!
For Liberty and Home.
The Sabbath Schools connected with
the Episcopal, Methodist and Presbyterian
churches of this place, celebrated the Fourth
by a pic-nic in the grove belonging to M. C.
MERCER, Esq. Owing to the rain early in the
morning, the procession did not form until half
past II o'clock, A.M. The storm having sub
sided, the scholars and their teachers, accom
panied by the pastors of their churches march
ed in regular order to the ground.
The procession was a very long one ; every
member of the different schools not prevented
by illness or absence from town, being present,
with a large number of the citizens of the vil
lage.
The exercises in the grove consisted of sing
ing, prayer, aud an address to the scholars by
Judge WlLMOT— after which the schools were
seated at table and partook of a bountiful din
ner. There were present seated at the table
266 children in all.
The afternoon was spent in the various sports
and gambols incident to such a celebration
As the address of Judge WILMOT is to be pub
lished by the committee of the schools, it un
necessary to say more than that it did great
credit to the head and heart of the author
and it was quite gratifying to the teachers to
see their favorite cause advocated in so able a
manner.
No accident occurred to mar the pleasures
of the day, and it will long be remembered by
the participants as distinguished for " p00( ]
weather," " good temper," and "good eating"
In the evening a display of fire works took
place at the residence of one of the committee
which was attended by all the scholars as well
as their teachers and friends.
PROPOSED INCREASE OF SALARY.— By an ad
vertisement in another column, it will "be seen
that a Convention of School Directors of Brad
ford C ounty is called for the purpose of taking
into consideration a proposed increase of the
Salary of the Superintendent of this Countv
to be held at the Court House, on Saturday
29th instant, at 1 o'clock, P. M. The salary
as fixed at the time of the election of the Su
perintendent, was $5OO per year.
THE MUSICAL ASSOCIATION of Bradford
county was to have held a meeting on the 7th
instant, to take into consideration the proprie
ty of inviting Prof. BRADBURY to hold a Musi
cal Convention at some place in this part of
the County, during the coming winter. Owing
to the storm, no one out of the boro' attended
and the few that were together, deeming it im
portant that those interested should be eon
suited and give a voice in the matter, adjourn
ed to meet on Saturday the 21st inst., at 10,
A. M., in the Court House. As Mr. BBADBC
RY'S engagements are made several months
ahead, it will be necessary to notify him some
time during the present month, if his services
are secured for this place. It is hoped that
there will be a general attendance of those in
terested in different sections of the countv.
DROWNED. —A Irshtnan, named John Don
nelly, in the employ of Messrs. PIOLLET, on
Sunday last attempted to cross the Towauda
Creek, above Ingham's mill, but the current
being too rapid, he was carried down the creek
and drowned. His body was recovered, and
interred on Monday.
MASONIC. —The Right Worshipful Grand
Master of this State, has appointed GEORGE
11. BULL, of Union Lodge, No. 108, Deputy
for the Masonic district composed of the coun
ties of Bradford, Susquehanna, Tioga and
Wyoming.
Gov. REEDER ASSAULTED. —Governor Boeder
was assaulted on his return to Kansas, by Gen
Stringfellow, the editor of the " Si/mtttr
Sovereign," 1 and the ringleaders of all the
troubles in that territory, lie took advantage
of Reeder while lie was leaning in his chair,
threw him over, and in the scuffle, the face of
the Governor was scratched, but he very soon
cast Stringfellow off, and ruse to his feet.—
Both parties drew pistols, and in a long ictter
in the Journal of Commerce, we learn that
Stringfellow was within an ace of getting shot
by Gov. Ileedcr. Stringfellow was seized by
two individuals present, when Reeder dropped
the muzzle of his pistol, saying he scorned to
attack a man who was prevented from defend
ing himself. Will the government provide
some means of defending its officers against
these brutal outrages, or is it intended that the
mob shall take possession of the territory?
DEATH OF SAMUEL P. COLLINGS. —By the last
steamer intelligence was received of the death j
of this gentleman, lately of Wilkes-Barre, an- j
pointed by President Pierce U. S. consul a: i
Tangier, at which place he died. Mr. C. wa
for a long time editor of the Wilkes-Barre Ftu- f
'tier, and a gifted and sincere man.
m
" THE BALANCE" is the title of a very nea: J
paper, published at Mansfield Tioga co. by j
I. M. RUCKMAN, assisted by his wife, Mr- '
MARY C. RUCKMAN. It is expressly devotedw j
the cause of Temperance, as the editors are very ;
widely known as being foremost in the GOA'
Templar movement. The terms arc $1
advance.
DROWNED. —On Wednesday morning of h- :
week, the dead bodies of Mrs. VANN ATTEK
that of her son, a fine lad of about
of age, were found floating in the mill pone
Mr. C. COOLIIHJK, in Charleston township -
this county. It appears that Mrs. YA.VXATTR j
in the temporary absence of her husband. **
stopping with her son, at the residence of M" j
Coolidge. Mrs. V. was. at times, very melan
choly, and previous to the fatal catastrop;'
she was seen several mornings, at or near' ;
mill pond, always accompanied by her B
son. It is supposed, that she had contemp
ted suicide for some time. On the roornis
she committed the act, she arose early. ■";
with her son, left the house before sunrise. 3 ;*
an hour or two after the two bodies were
covered in the pond.
According to the position in which thehv
of Mrs. Vannatter was found, it would app-*- ,
that she clasped her son firmly with
drawing the child towards her, and
ed into the water. When found, the eh:
separated from her, but her arms remained
ly clasped—in the death struggle, the e!i ; '- j
evidently separated from the mother. -" rv L j
was the daughter of Mr. Hartford l?u'h , L v
resides near Wellsboro.— Tioga Eagle.
ACCIDENT AT BARTON. —We learn that
WRIGHT, of Barton, a brother of the LL
Agent in that place, was severely, if
ly injured there on the night of the ■'>< > n? *
by the bursting of an iron cannon which
firin K- .i out
Both of his legs were badly shatter'' •
of which it was thought would have m P [ j
putated, with perhaps the loss of
while it was considered doubtful that
survive the operations.