l'z'
icromato . zu m 7.
T W 11 A:
eaturbap tilornign, 3nue at. -1851.
luta( Vattru.
CHILDREN'S FOURTH OF JULY HYMN.
To Thee, the little cltildren's Friend,
Our hymn to-day shall rice ;
O from the heavenly courts descend,
And bles's our sacrifice!
While through our land fair freedom's song
Our fathers raise to Thee ;
Our, accents shall the notes prolong ;
We children, too, are free !
The past pith blessings.from thy hand,
Was richly scattered o'er;
As numerous as the countlesi sand
That spreads the ocean shore.
O may the forum be as bright,
Nor be thy favours less
Resplendent with the glorious light
Of peace and happiness.
On earth prepare nsfor the skies;
•Ana when our life is o'er.
Let us to purerrinansiiins rise,
And praise Thee ever more.
CHILDREN'S FOREST H YMN
We seem - to hear a voice of praise,
•
Here, 'mid the lefy bowers;
From murmuring streams whose crystal image
Doth cheer the thirsty flowers. .
But louder where you lofty trees
By sutnmer's hand are dreet—
It swells 1,1 every gelitle breez-.,
From bough, and spray. end nest.
\ But if the things by nature taught
Pour music o ' er the sod,
Bow high should rise our raptured thought,
Who learn the word of God!
To us he speaks. from morniug's
From evening'S:dewy sphere:
And worn the holy hobb.lth bell
balates the Christiaifs ear.
To us He speaks, he guides our chLe
By heaven's own book divine;
And aids our ieach.r's much-loved voice
To fix each treasured line.
To us he speaks, and we in praise.
Would bull our offering Lriug ,
Here, where erestiorr joins our lays „,
And there, where angels sing.
~i . SCC I ta.us.
Voc,ation of the Farmer.
Opinions of en exist that the calling of the farmer
1- extremely low arid vulgar, anJ should be shun
ned by all respectable people. Nothir.g can be
more absurd !!'Such }veld-fire notions evidently
emanate troth a weak and narrow mind. What
gladdens the heart more than the sight of a well
cultivated farmi c'ecorated with substantial dwel
thigs,„ and with abundance of fruit and ornamental
trees No better evidence do we need to be con•
a inced 01 the industry and thrift the owner. Such
scenes never fail to imptesee one favorably.
Oben Jo we hear the milutry, " how do you
manage to raise such abundant crops—grow. such
delicioils fruit—keep such bearmful stock—arid be
surrounded by so many of the real luxuries ol hie 2
Indeed dwrything ati ; reat 3 cu looks so smilingly.—
Everybody acknowledges that I am a good farm
er, but somehow or utlt"er 1 am always under a
pressure ; my produce never sells for as much as
yours."
For instance turn to thetetiLlence of the speaker.
A heart-sickening scene prelents itsell to the loyal
of order. Everything is out of place, looking shabi•
ly enough; the mind you will find in perfect keep :
with the rest. Inquire if they subscribe for a
newspaper and they %vitt tell you that they cannot
afford to waste money for such useless
Now this is no vain illusion, but a tact, and I am
sorry to say, of almost every Jay occurrence. It
requires two things to make a successful farmer—
intelligence in agricultural matters sufficient to
make the ground produce freely, and that know.
ledge in regard to the state of produce market, ne
cessary to insure sales at the best prices. To in
sure success, something beyond hard work is need•
ed; the head must guide the hand, and in, order to
do 11118 the head must be properly enlightened.
Thus, it appears that a mind well stored with
useful knowledge, is a valuable desideratum, and
iequisite in order tb become prorperotis and hap-
Our farmers are beeomingthe most independent
class of citizens, vieing in intelligence with those
who occupy the upper eirctes of society, ai they
term it.. The high classed literature is beginning
to find its way upon their tables. It r e beautiful
scene to behold their family, after the toils of the
day are over, gathered around iheparlor table en
gaged in reading; and certainly a tnueb wiser
course than to frequent the tavern bar-loom, as too
many times is Ste case, thus squandering their
evenings, for time is money. Th;sir daughters are
an ornament both to the kitchen and drawing-room :
exceeding 'in teatny and intellect those " faney ar
tiPles," loded such abundance of empty airs
and external show that we so often meet with.
DI ECTIONB OF THE YOUTII
TH,E 11/17L MIND -}Jots
greairy di parents and preceptors err in mistaking
for mulch o f or wanton idleness, all the litde man.
oeuvres o young penning, which are frequently
practical nquirres to confirm or refute doubts pass •
in their inds. When the aunt of James Wan re
reproved the boy for hit idleness, and desired him
to take a book, or to employ himself to some put . •
pose mildly, and , not to be takingoft the lid of the
kettle and putting it on again, and holding now a
e
op and now a silver spoon over the steam, how
little was she awaware that he was investigating a
problem which was-to lead to the greatest airman
inventions
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The Process oftesilnlog Gold.
A'United States mTnt has been completed in San
Francisco, andirprobably ere this time in active
operation v coining down daily vast treasures ofgold
en ore. It was intended that it should be prepar
ed to coin $30,000,000 yearly. it The following de,
scription of the system which is about to be estab
balled there, will afford a good general idea of the
ordinary process of coining gold :
The metal, atter being received in the deposit
room, is carefully weighed and a receipt given.—
Each deposit is then melted separately in the melt
ing room, and moulded into bars__These bars next
: pass through the hand/ of the assayer, who with a
chisel, chips a small fragment from e4ch one.—
Each chip is then rolled into a thin ritbon, and
filet] down until it weighs exactly ten grains. It is
then melted into a little cup made of calcined bone
ashes, and all the base metals, copper, tin, Sus ,are
absorbed by the porous material of the cup, or car
red oft by oxydation. The gold is then 'boiled in
nitric acid, which dissolves the silver which it con
tains, and leaves the geld pure. It is then weyt•
edo.and the amount which it has lost gives the ex
act proportion of impurityin the original bar, and
a certihcate of the arnoneVol coin dire the deposi
tor is made out accordilly.
Alter being assayed, t e bars are melted with a
certain proportion of sayer, and being'poured into
a dilution of nitric acid, and water, assume i a gran
ulated form. In this stale, the gold is thoroughly
boded in nitric acid, and rendered perfectly free
from silver or any other baser metals which may
happen to cling to it. It is next melted with one-,
11111111 116 weight of copper, arid thus allpyed, is run
into bare, and delivered to the coiner for coinage.
The bats are rolled out m a rolling mill until near
ly as thin as the coin Which is to be made from
them. By a process of annealing, they are render
ed sufficiently ductile to be drawn through a lon
gitudinal orifice in a rece of steel, thus reducing
the whole to a regular width and thickness.
.... A cutting machine t'next punches small round
pieces horn the bar, about the size of the coin
fluise pieces ate weighed separately by the " ad•
jesters," and if too heavy ale tiled down—if too
dight they ate ie-nielted. The pieces which have
bee,, adjusted are run through a milling machine,
which compresses titem to their proper diameter
and raises the-edge Two hundred and fifty are
mided 111 a minute by the machine They tire then
agait. softened by ,he itruce.ss ol armeadling, and
after a thorough cleaning are placed in a tube con
necting with the stamping instiument, and are ta
ken thence one at a time by the machinery, and
stamped between the dies. They are now finish
ed, and, being thrown into a box, are deliieret.l to
the Treasurer for circulation
The Machinery, of coarse, for'all these proCesses
must be of ihe nicest kind. The weighing scales
alone, in the deposit room of the California mint
cost 31009. •
Read what the Clinton Courant man says on this
subject :—Baby's got the l measels, second tioy is
drooping; third one, dolin on trundle bed, with
dreadful cough IV' whooping " Mercury down to
zero, wood pile Some below it; man tries to be a
hero, bin feels he carino. "go it." Wife hi busy
washing, a host of dirty - :' duds;" whilst ever and
anon a tear, falls'sileet lobe suds. Husband rocks
the cradle, "second" on his lap, soothes the third
one with a kiss, and'hitd the fourth a slap. So from
melancholy moans,,aoit starting, troubled dream
ing, the tune is changed to groans, stifled sobs and
screaming. Patience Ea exhausted, he roughly
speedsthe rocking, and jolts the little sufferers, with
a rudeness that is shocking. Confusion worse con
founded ! A , neighbor opens the door, and wadi
voice rind face astounded, say, '• Have you heard
the price of flour?" " No f'.'huSband loudly hoilas;
" what's the latest hews V, , ," Flour's thirteen dol
lars! twelve has been rased." A scream ! 'tis
Sissy's voice ; sorriething comes athwart her. In
she comes, all covered .o'er, with blood and ; dirty
water. " Old Brindle's gored the heifer, broke the
yearling:a, thigh, kilciked Sissy down and cut her,
and scared a passer by!' Wife sits her down des
pairing, weary of her fife; husband nothing caring,
for the quadrupedal strite—wonders whether Job,
the man of many sores, when his wife bade faith
give up, led such a life in doors.
Meantime, the wealthy mother, site in her easy
chair, on its rich embroidered cover, 'mid comfort
everywhere, and wonders what they mean—these
people that are poor—prating of their troubles,
which they think they endure.—" If they only had
her trials—knew what she underwent, they'd think
that all the vials of wrath were on . them spent;''
which efts us thinking, reader, that rightly esti.
mated, one half of alliour sorrows, We sadly otter.
rated. And the moral of our rhyme, though'pros.
ilyit rune., is never borrow trouble, bat 'take it as it
4
Comes.
" Where is your house? asked a 'traveler
of a man be met iii the depths of the " old solemn
wilderness" of the Great West., "House? I alai
got no house." " Well, where do you live?" "l
live in the woods—sleep on the Great Government
Purchase, eel raw bear and wild turkey, and drink
out of the Mississippi.",' nd he added :It is get
ting too thick with folks about here. You're the
second man I've seen within a month, and .l
hear there's a whole family coming al:lour fifty
mires down the river. - I'm going to put did into the
woods again"
Gi2oz. PAT.-000 of the uninformed p'oit•mastera
out ie epokerdom, who found among the post-office
lawea clause to the effect that; Reach :,postniaster
mtty be allowed - Iwo mills for delivering, from his
to a aukicrihee, eadli . neweitipernOt charges
bi- ith posiage,'? • mea is his bill to the depart
mot for-delivering the only paper sent to his office,
told thine that, as his wife was out of the ar
fiats, t might eeii9 hiaf a conple Or4Tes rrtills
- ,••-*
PUBLISHED VERY SATURDAY AT TOWANDA, BRXDFORP COUNTY, PA., BY E. O'MEARA GOODRICH.
Trouble,
"/LEE AEpLESS OF DENUNCIATION FROM ANY y QUARTER.'
Wonderful Works of the Creator
The mariner who first crossed central Atlantic in
search of a new world was astonished when, on the
19th of September, 1492, he found himself in the
midst of that great bank of seasweed—ethe sea-weed
meadow of Oviedo—the Sargassosea which, lath
a'varyicg breadth of 100 to 300 miles, stretches
over tweety-five degrees of lattitude, covering 560,
000. square miles in surface, like a huge floating
garden, in which countless myriads of minute ani
mals find food and shelter. Now, it is the eddy of
numerous sea rivers which collect in one spot, and
the cold water of the Northern Atlantic mixing with
the warur streams of the sot thern and western cur
rents, which produce the temperature most fitted to
promote this amazing development of vegetable
and animal life. What becomes of the dead re
mains of this vast marine growth? bo they decom
pose as fast as they are produced ? or do they ac
cumulate into desposits of pecolia( coal, destined
to reward the researches of tuturW geologists and
engineers, wfien the Atlantic of oui days has be•
come the habitable land of an arei time? In the
craft of the Pacific Ocean we are- 'resented with`
another remakable instance of t h e influence of sea
t,,
rivep on vegetation.
Ftom the shores of South Victoria, on the Amu-
tic Continent, -a stream of cold water, 60 degrees in
width, Ohe reader will recollect that in high latitu
dessfie degrees of longitude are very narrow) drifts
sloWly along in,a northeast and easterly direction
lion across the Southern- Pacific, till it impinges up
on the'South American coast to the south of Valpa
raiso. There it divides into two arms; one of
Which streches south and east, doubles Cape Horn,
and penetrates into the Southirestern Atlantic; the
other flows first northeast and then northwest along
the shores of Chili and Peru, - carrying colder waters
into the warm sea, and producing a colder air
along the low plains which stretch from the shores
of the Pacific to the base of the Andes. This cur
rent, discovered by Humboldt. and called after his
name, lowers the temperature of the air about
twelve degrees, while tnat of the 'water itself is
sometimes as much as twenty four degrees colder
than that of the still waters of the ocean through
which it runs. The cold air seriously pflects the
vegetation along the whole of this coast; at the
bamelime that the cold streams raises fogs and
mists, which not only conceal the shores and per
plex- the navigator, but extend inland,also, and ma
teriall) modify the climate.
The beaotitul and beneficent character of modi
fying influence becomes not only qparent, but
most impressive, when we consider; as the rain
map of the world shows us, that ion the coast of
Peru no rain ever falls; and that, like the desert of
Sahara, it ought,therefore,to be condemned to per
petual barrenness. But 111 consequence of the cold
stream thus running along its borders, " the atmos
pliere loses it transparency,and the sun is obscured
for months together. ''''l he vapors at Lima are often
so thick that the sun seen through them nth the
naked eye assume t!,e appearance of theocia's
disc. They commence in the morning, and e •tend
over the plains in the form of refreshing fogs , tett
disappear soon after mid , day, and are follow s by
t\ i
heavy dewe, which are precipitated during the
night." The morning mists and evening dews
thus suctileplace of the absent rains, and the
vendure rich covers the plains is the offspring of
a sea river. What a charming myrth would the'
ancient poets have made out of this striking corn
pensation.—Edurbergh Review.
VALUE OF LEACHED A.811E9.-111conwarsatien with
en agricultural friend, a few days since, ho nien•
boned that he,harl found great benefit train the ap
plication of old leached ashes to wheat especially
on sandy soils. In one instance, 100 bushels of
ashes per acre, spread, on the soil after the wheat
was sown, gave.him au increase of ten bushels per
acre.. fie has spots 'fn his.farm where he can see
the la,:iteficial effect of unleached, ashes, 'applied
nine years ago, every time the lot is town with
wliet He has tried leached ashes with no bene
fit to wheat , , though he thinks them gooillor corn.
To what is the fertilizing property tit old leached
ashes eu-S t ig? We are inclined to - think, however,
that it is oWing in some way to %substitution of the
alkali ammonia for the potash and soda which have
been leached out. It may be that they contain the
double salt ofsilic'ate of alumina and soda to which
clay owes its power of retaining ammonia. If this
be the case, by adding leached ashes to a sandy
wa:add ammonia, or at least the means of re
taining this ammonia brought to the. Pod by the at.
. 1 •
mosphere, and that too, in the best condition for as
sirnilationl,l4 the - plant. Taking this view,it would
follow, thria,the older . the ashesy
had been exposed to rain, the .urger
they would be.
But whatever difference of opinion there may be
to the cause or reason of the fertilizing value of
leached ashes, elf agree that they are valuable for
wheat on sandy soils.
QUALIFICATION or VOTERS IN kNCLAND.—in En•
gland, whethera man shall be on erCetor or nor,
depends ont the house he lives in. If his ,annuat
.rent is £lO, then he it 'qualified to vote, it being
rimmed that the person living in a pooref house
than that is not eompetent to exercise the right of
suffrage. The consequence is, that in some Villages
there Is not a voter. A York•shire manufacturer
lately elated that of 1600 men in hitemploy, there
was not one who possessed a vote, yet, inhat man
declarer was the proprietor of the borough, he
wodd - either go to Parliament himself, on his own
vote,. or he would send the man he chose.
A t HAMM Arrtimparzo.—.4 young lady in a class
stiilying physiology, made answer to a question
payrhat In sir years a human body becime en•
tirtily`dhangeb, so distil° particle which was to it
at the .commencement of the period would remain
at thicclossr o it: "Then, Miss L," said the young
tutor, ik in six years yoo will cease to tie Miss L-1"
Mkt ims sir, I suppose so," said she, very me
islesqlooking at the Boor.
aIiI cal.
ADDRESS TO THE PEOPLE
OF THE
MEMBERS 'OF, CONGRESS ADVERSE
TO TII E
NEBRASKA BILL!
wAsHINGTON,iA, dnesday, June 21, 1854. -
At a meeting of th members of Congress who'
opposed the p.assag of the . hill 19 organize the ter
!
ritories of Nebraska and Kansas, held pursuant to
previous nptice, in the city of Washington, on ihe
2011? day of June, instant, the Hun. Solomon Foot,
of Vermont was elected chairman, and the Hon.
Daniel Mace of Indiana, and the Hon. Reuben E.
Fenton of New York, were appointed secretaries
A committee appointed for the purpose reported
an Address to the people of the United States,
I which, having seen discussed and amended, was
unanimously adopted, and ordered to be publish•
ed. ,
i i _ f.,
TO THE PEOPLE OF THE UNITED STATES.
The eigh l th . sectron of the act fur the admission
of Missouri inio the Union, known as the Missouri
Comptbmiie law, by which the introduction of
slavery into the regions known as Kansas and Ne
braska was fuiever prohibited, has been repealed.
That law, which, in 1820, quieted a controversy
which menaced the Union, and upon which you
have so lonireposed, is obliterated from the sta.
ttle•book. 1 1 ; 7 13 had no reason to expect any such pro
position wheri we assembled here six months ago,
nor did you expect it. No state, no citizen of any
state, had demanded the repeal.
It seems a ditty we owe to the country to state
the grounds °pin which which we have steadfast•
ly, though ineffectually, opposed this alarming and
dangerous act.
You need not be told that the slavery .question
lies at the bo . tom of rt. As it was the slavehold
ingepowcr that demanded the enactment of the
Missouri Compreffniss, so it is the same power
that has now demanded its abrogation.
African slavery was iregarderl and denounced as
a great evil by the American colonies, et - en before
the revolution ;:and those colonies which - are now
slaveholding states, were equally earnest in such
remonstrances with those which ale now free states.
'Colonial laws, trained to prevent the increase t,f
slavery, were vetoed by the King of Great Bi itain.
This exercise of arbitrary power toenfarge and pre•
petuate a system universally regarded as equally
wrongful in itself and inprious to the colonies, was
one of the crises of the revolution.
When the war ended there was an imperious
- necessi'y for the insti:ntion of some government in
the Men unoccupied territories of the United States.
In 1784. Jeflerson proposed, and in 1787 the Con•
tinental Congress` adopted, the oitt Mance for the
government pf,thei territory tying northwest of the
Ohio, by which it was declared that there shall be
neither slavery nor involuntary serviiede except for
the punislimeritcf crane. The greet anal flourish.
ing states since organized within Lit territory on
the
,bAsis a drat o-dinance, ate enduring monu
ments of the wisdom of the statesmen of the rear,.
The forei&% (lave trade was regarded as the
source of American slavery, e bleb it was believ'ed
would be dried lip, when that fountain ithotild be
closed. le arlihin4 the, constitution, it was uni•
veracity antiitittated that the foreign slave trade
would be pror4!ly prohibited, that all I tilt ee ac
quiesed ln a stir4tilaticti postponing that measure till
1808 The foreign slave 'lade was pruhibitedz—
!hits the.isourekof slavery was dried up, while the
introduction ristavery Into the territories was pro.
hibi•ed. The slavery qtrebtiorr, so f ar as it was a
113110(131 one,li'as understood to be finally settled,
and at the satire time the states tied already talt6ti
op and were Ztarry Mg forward a system of gradual
entarteipation . 4 In 1803 Louisiana %%as acquired by
puichase from France, and included what is known
as the states of Lou:siana IMiesouri, Arkansas and
'town, and the territories kn .- owners Kansas an,t.Ne•
lbraiika. Slavery existed at the time at New Or
leans and tit St Louie, and so this purchase resulted
in. bringing the slavery question again before Cott,
,grees. In 1812 [he region immediately sarrountl
ing NewlOrlearis applied for adinissitu into the
Uriibn under the name of the of Lonisiat t a, wilt a
eonsli Litton to ta
lerating slavery, and in T lree states
acquiesced' Eight years afterwards tl.e region con
nected with Sr. Louis demand admission under the
name of the state of _Missouri, with a unnetitution
Itileratiog slavery. The free states reverted to the
principle ov 1787, and opposed the admission of
hl issouri unless_ she would incorporate intoliercon
stitution an Inhibition of the further iniroduCtion of
slavery inte'the state. The slaveholding states id
sisterl upenMer unqualified admission. &contra.
versy arose%which was sectional and en4iteree,
and which, we are enured' by' conterhporineous
history serihusly imperilled the -Union. The states :
raetrof thaCday in Congress settled the controversy
by compromise. 'By the terms 61 this compromise
the free wafts assented to the admiiision of Mrs
soon with henslaveholdini constitution, while the
slaveholding ;fates on their part yielded the exclu
sion of shivery in all the residue of the territory
which lad riclth- of 36° 30 mina constituting the
present territory of Kansas and. Nebraska. The
alaveholding-slates accepted the compromise as a
triumph, end the free states have ever since left it
undisturbed and unquestiOnech Arkansas, a, part
oldie territory of Louishina, which lay youth of
36° 30 Min , in compliance with an iMplination
which tugs contained in this compromise, was at.
terward , acimittet as a slaveholditta state and the
.
free state acquiesced.. i
I n
!81P, Fttrid o , staveholding province of
Spain, w4s,acquired. This province was afterwards
'admitted tut a slavehalding state. 'The free:states
again acqhiesced ; in 1845, Texas, an independent
stavehoWing state, was annexed, with t provision
in the article of agnoxatiot. for ,the subdivision, of
her territory. into jive states, The free states, al
though they regarded the•annertation with the pro
bable increase of the number of lave states, with
very 'great disfavor, nevertheless acquiested:again.
New ,territories were acquired by the treaty of
peace which closed the war with Mciiico. The
people cf California formed a constitution inhibit
ing slavery, and applied for - admission into the
Union. Violent opposition was made by the slave
states in and out of Congress, threatening the dia.
solution of the I:nion if California should be ad
mitted. Proceeding on the ground of these alarms
Congress adopted another compromise, the terms
of which were, that ten million dollars of the peo
ple's money should be given to Texas to induce
her to relinquish s very douhthil claim upon an in.
considerable part of New Mexico, that j ew Mex
ico and Utah should be organiied ikiihoiat,an in
hibition of slavery, and thathey . shoulti • be :titer
wards admitted as slave`; , free states as the peo
ple, when forming constiiiitihns, should deterrildite
—that the public slave tradifiruthe District:A:4l
- should be abolished withiftft- 2 effeeting.the
existence of sravery in the district ; and that new
and rigorous provisions for the re capture of fu,gi
live slaves, of disputed constitutionality,,should be
adopted, and that on these conditions California
should be admitted as a free state. Repugnant as'
ibis compromise was to the people of the free states,
acquiescence was nevertheless practicably obtain
ed by means of solemn assuranzes, made on be
half of the slaveholding states, that ifiecompromise
was and Should be forever regarded as a final ad
justment of rho slavery questiod; and oral? die is
sues that could postiibly arise out of it.' A new
Congress convened in December, 1851. Repre
sentatives from the slave states demanded a tenew
ed pledge of fidelity to this adjustment. ft was
,:ranted by the house of Representatives on the fol
lowing terms:
7
Resolved, That we recognise the binding efficacy
of the compromise of the constitution, and believe it
to be the intention of the people' generally, as we
hereby declare it to be ours individually, to abide
by such compromises and sustain the laws, neces
sary to carry them oat, the provisions for tht. dehv
ery of fugitive slaves, and the act of the law Con
gress fur that purpose included, and that we depre
cate all further agitation of questions embraced in
the acts of the last Congress, known as the coin•
promise, and of questions generally connected with
the institution of slavery, as unnecessary, useless
and dangerous.
A few months subsequen•ly the Democrutic Na•
Ilona Convention met at Baltimore, and assuming
to speak the sentimen.s of the Deincratic party,
set forth in its platform : That the democratic par
ty will resist all attempt at renewicg, in Congress
or out of it, the agatuton of the slavery question
under whatever shape or color the attempt may be
made. Soon afterward another a, national conven•
tion assembled in the same city, and assuming the
right to declare the sentiments of the Whig party,
said: "Me deprecate all further agitation of the
question thus sett•d as dangerous to our peace, and
will discountenance all efforts to continae or renew
such agitation, whenever, or hoWevrir made."—
The present administration was elected on the
principle of adhet'ence to this compromise, and the
President, referring to it in his inaugural speech,
declareil that the harmony which had been secur
ed by it should not be disturbed doling his term of
of office. The president, recurring to the same
subject, renewed his pledge in his inesqui,ge to
ckingress at the beginning of the present session, in
th following language t •
" But notwithstanding differences of opinion and
sentiments which there existed in relation to de
tails and specific provisions, the acquiescence of
•disiinguished cHzens whose devotion to the Union
can never be doubted, has given renewed vigor to
our intitutions, and restored a sense of rerrose and
security to the public mind throughout tiro confed
eracy. That thiS repose is to softer no shock du•
ring my pffidtal term, if I have the power! 'to avert
it, those who placTd me here may be assured."
Crider these circumstances the proposition to' !fa
peal the Missouri Compromige %YRS suddenly end tin •
expectedly made by the same Committee otTerri•
tories, which only ten days before bud affirmed the
sanctity of the Missouri Compromise, gird declared
the end of agi\ whin in-the following el - plicit and on
ec
mistakable lani,uag r t
'• Four comminee trot feel thein.elvcs called
upon to enter into a disc salon of those controverted
questions. They involvelhe same grave issues
which produced' the agi'ation, the see Tonal strife
and the fearful struee et 1850 As Congress
deemed it wise and prudent to refrain from :he-mat.
leis in controversy , then, either by affirming or re•
pealing the Mexican laws, or by an act declaratory
of the true intent of the constiteiHn, and the extent
of the protection forded by it to slave property ih
the territories, so your committee are tint prepared
now to recommend a departure Gem the course
pursued upon quit memorable occasion either by of
firming or repealing the . ei6tith section of the Mis
souri act, or by any act declaratory ul the meaning
of the constitution in respect to . the legal points' iii
dispute." •
The abrogatioh has been effected in parsuince of
the demand of the administration itself, end by
means of its influence on Congress*. In the House
of Representatives, that body which is more mime
diatefy responsible to the people, the contest was
more equal than in the Senate; ;hough it is due to
Jamie() and candor than it should be stated, that c ,it
could not have been earned in either house with
oat the l votes of the representatives from the free
elates. The minority resisted the attempt to arrert
discdssion upon this grave question, 11-rough a
struggle of longer deratton than any other known to
Congressional history. Some attempt wart made to
stigmatize that minority as"' factionists," yet
fearlessly declare that throughout the, contest the
resorted solely to the powers .secured- to them by
the law and the roles of the Muse, and the'passage
of the measure through the Wage - was effected
through esubversion of its rules by the niejettly,
andlhe exerclie of a'powor 'Unprecedented in the
annals of Coniressional thi . deed iV
done. It is dor4 witit a clear reclamation by the . '
_. ~. ~
inrManta
administration and by Congress, that the principle
Which it contains extends not only to Kansas and
Nehrairrta,'but to all other territories now belonging
to the United States, and to all which may hereaf
ter be acquired. It has been done unnecessarily
and wantorily, because there was no pressure for
the organization of governments in Kandla and tie
!Kaska, neither of which territories contains one
lawful inhabitant who was a citizen of the United
States, and because there was not only_ no danger
of disunion apprehended, bt.t b) this reckless thee
sure the free states have lost all the guarantee for
freedom in the territories contained in former com
promises, while all the states, both alat,e and free,
have Orrin the guarantees of harmony and union
whichi hese comptom iscs afforded. It seems plain
to us that, fatal as the measure is'in these respects,
it is only a cover for broadei propagandism of slive
ry in the future. The object of the administration,,
and of many who represent the slave states, ijr-as „ ~
we believe, to prepare the way foriureking Cuba
at whatever cost, and a like annexation•of hilt a '
dozen of the states of Mexico, to be admitted sled
as slave:states. These aUeprisitiona are tO be made
peaceably, if they can he purchaseitat fter.,..nott of
hundreds ed million*. If they canottlt:-be made .
peacefully, then at the cost of a war WlthiMexico,
and a war vrn Spain, and a war with Franee
at the cost of an allianc'e wish Russia scarce less ril
pugnant. Uirmistakable indications also appear of
a purpose to annex the eastern part of San Eton:tinge'.
and dd to subjUgate the Whole istend, restoring it to
thedOminion of slavery—and this is to be followed
up by, an alliance with Brazil, and the extension of ,
slavery in the Valley of the Amazon. It is tot you
to judge whether, when slavery shall have made
these additions to the United States, it will demand
unconditional stibmissitch on the part of the free
states, and failing in that demand, attempt a with : ./
drawal of the slave states and the organization of if
separate empire in the central region of the emir
neut.- From an act so unjust arid wrongful in itself
and fraught with consequences so fearful we sppeal
to the people. We appeal in no sectional spirit =e -
We appeal equally In me North and to the South,
to the bee sta.es and to the slaveholding stated
themselves. It is no time for exaggeration or for
passions, and we therefore speak calmly of the past
and weal you in sober serinu-ness of the future. It
would nut become us, nor is it necessary, to Sagest
the Measures which ought to be adopted in this greet
emergency. For ourselves, we are ready to do alt
that shall be in our power to 'wore the Missouri
.Compromise, and to execute such further measures
as you in your wisdom shrill command, and as may
hii;necessary for the recofery of the ground fog Id
•frealorn ' and to prevent the further aggressions of
alavery. SOLOMON FOOT, Chairman.
DANIEL MACE,
Secretaries.
Iterate E FE::TON,
Thb meeting was fully atternfed and all the - anti.
Nebraska members concurred in the address.
ftEtIPEC'T THE AGED -Bow low the head, boy ,
do reverence to the old man. Once lite you, vi.
cissioriles ul life have silvered the hair, and chang.
ed the round merry fate to the Wan visage now
before yon. Once that heart beat with, incidents
co equal to any that you have fell; aspirations
crushed to disappointment, as your'. are perhaps
destined to be. Once that form stalked proudly
through theigiy-scenes of pleasure, the beau ideal
Of grace; now the hand of Time that withers the
flowers ul'yeaterday, has warped that figure and
destroyed the noble carriage. Once, at your age,
he possessed the lkousand thoughts that pass thte-t,
your brain, now wiahinglo accomplish deeds wor
thy of a nook in fame, anon imagining tile tite>4dreain,/
that the sooner heawokefrom, the tenter: EhreleS,..
has lived the-dream very near-through. The time
to awake is very near at hand; yeekliia eye evr
kindles at noble deeds of dal nig,.and a hadd takes
a firmer grasp Mille stall Bow low the head boy,.
as you . ' would in your old age be revemcfo. •
Od our return to the ship we
visitedtjt nutmeg plantation. The trees, which are
from twenty to-thirty feet in heighth are 'planted in
rows, at intelvali4 at abotit twenty feet. The Leal is
dark, green and glossy, resembling that of the law
tel end the fruit, at a little distance, might betaken.
for a small russet colored apple. Whew ripe the
!hick husk splits in the centre showing a scarlet tieV
wrok of mace, enveloping an inner nut black as N....
ebony, the kernel at which is the nutmeg of com
merce. The' clove tree, not now in its bearing sea
son, has some tetembtance tithe nutmeg but the
leaf is smaller and the foliage more loose anti
apreading. As we drove through the orchard the'
warm air of noon was Iteaiiy with spice. The rich
oltre exhaled from the tree penetrated the frame
with a sensation of languid and ,voluptuous repose.
Perfume became an appetite, and the senses
were drugged with an overpowering feeling of lux
itr I continued to indulge in it, I should ere
long have realized Sybil tte's complaint of his morn- •
pled (Übe Ieaf."—BAZARD TAYLOR.
Ilfmntst.E —We were deliberately and seriously
asked, the co:her day, why a soap boiler was like
an amatory poet And for !ea/ we would under.
take to solve the contemptible query, the uMer
wretch proceeded to inform•us that " both• dealt in
melting strains "' The perpetrator• is, of course, by
this time, in durance vile. •
Yousc Arnstst.s.—Young antmahrshoutil be lept
growing until they reach maturity. IttheySir Suf•
fered to get poos.anci stop growing, they anti irtvo
grade and neva: attain a fyll sirs; and ‘afthoufgrain
or someihnig"benter than hay, it la next to impoW,
sible to keep them in that conga:on, eapeoially , tte
first winter.
Bear rirrt. StrtrTIKENT —When the Rinilooprinsf
is about to bap'ize an infant, be, utters the following
beautiful aeorfinent • "-Liule bitbe,,thowegteraltrle
world weeping, while all around thee smile: con
•TiYo 60 to nye thaty of : may cleiqft in entpee,vrhilft
atounl :e ..verp.'i
II