Fugitive Slave Law Decided ,UnconstitutionaL
• .
S. M Booth. itizen of Michigan, was in dirody
of the United States Marshal upon a charga,xif ob
structing the execu.ion of the act of September s 1850,
linowntar , the Fugitive Slave law. Upon applica
tion to the Sta:e Supreme Court, a writ or htibeds
c.)rints %Tag granted, directed to life marslral, who ac
cordingly male return thereto by producing the de.
fendamin court. Thereupon his counsel moved for
a discharge.
A. D. Smith, Jr., delivered the opinion of the
court. The following is summary of its points:
1. That the article in the constitution on which the
law of 1850 for. ,he reclamation of fui.ritive slaves
rests, was merely a compact by the contracting
parties to the constitu-ion. by which the free states
were to be bound to provide legislation. under due
course of laW, and after examination of frets, for
the return of such perm - 13,14u that no power was
conferred upon Corgrros to legislate upon the mat
ter, and that it is the duty of the states to provide
such legislation. The fact that Congress has not
power to punish state officers for refusing, to provide
such legislation; is a proof that the matter retrains
in the form of a compact. That it is &ear that Con
gress cannot constitutionally act upon this subject;
while it is also , clear that the states cannot pass laws
tlischarg,in fugitives from service. All such laws
mast be void.
2. That the constitntion contemplates an exami
nation into the claim of the claimant of the fugitive,
to.be made where he is, by presumption, free,
while the act of 1850 makes the decision or war
rant of a judge or commissioner a judgment in tact,
without trial or examination That, in order to as
certain to whom it suchservice or labor is due," ex
amination and inquiry must be made. II service
or labor it clue, the fugitive Must be given up; but
the-fad must be ascertained. There is an issue 01
fact to , be tried.
3 The suit to try this fact is not irsuit in equity
or admiralty, and must be at commbn - law ; hence a
trial by jury is demanded properly.
4 The riot of 1850 is unconstitutional in that it
violates the principle which forbids that persons
shall be deprived of liberty without " due process
of law." The summary proceedings under the act
of 1850 clearly violate this provision.
And thereupon the defendant was discharged.
From the %Vashiligton Star, 4A4mabecration -Hand-Organd
ME
it is understood here that. anticipating some such
lenision on the part of this partieutat abolition,
tVisoonsiri functionary, }he Attorney-General of the
uited States some time ago determined on a course
at proceeding which will insue the duce trial of
Booth, for resistance to the United States officers
engaged in executing the Fugitive Slave law. II
he does not banish himself from the United States
to some country where he cannot be reached un.
der an extradition treaty, he will be compelled in
the end to answer at the bar of justice hie of
fence.
SINGULAR AFFAIR—A SON 11 , , NINO AWAY
Ills FATNER . s Wire.—On Sand' y morning, a man
about thirty years orage, accompanied by a wo
man aged twenty seven, and two children—repre
sentjng themselves as husband and wife—made
application to - Mr. 'Thompson for miter.- They
stated that they were just horn Canad.a, having
come over by the boar, and were destitute of means
—hence the appeal for aid. Mr. Thompson kept
them during the day and the aucceding night, and
then told them that if they persisted in asking aid,
he should be compelled to send them to the county
house. Upon this they left. Nothing further was
heard from ihem till several days after, when an
old Mau arrived from Canada in pursuit of them,
stating that the woman was his own wife, and that
the man was his son by a lormer one !
Whether he succeeded in tracing the fugitives
we have not learned, but should he, we should in
fer that the meeting between father and son mobs
ratherembarrassing. What the Woman must feel,
who is said to have been rather smart and intelli
gent, is more than we can pretend to determine,
though the presumption is that she wonld be lully
equal to the occasion.—Rochester American.
THE CITY OF GI.A.GOW —Thad ill fated screw
steamship, with its 48u souls, on board, is at length
given up by the English papers received by the
Arabia, at New York. As may be remembered,
she sailed from Liverpool on the Ist of March Edith
111 cabin and salloon passengers, and about 292
steerage, her crew numbering 70, including the
Commander, Capt. Ililorrison ; and born the period
of her clearing the Mersey up to the present mo
ment not the least tidings have been heard of her.
The breaking up of the immense fields of ice to
the northward of the bank, which were borne down
the Atlantic in masses, it is said, of some 200 or 300
miles in length, no doubt overwhelmed the vessel
in an attempt to force a passage,• and caused the
almost immediate destruction, not a soul escaping
The City of Glasgow and her cargo were insured
for 1:50,000.
LIFE OF MARTIN VAN BOREN -Mr. Van Buren
employs the leisure hours of his foreign sojourn in
writing the Memorials of his own remarkable ca-
reer. Isle man is more capable of giving a &pas.
sionate and just account of the eN ents of the last
sixty years, or of divesting diem of the false charac
ter which momentary passions and strifes have im-,
* parted to them, or of clothing the narrative of great
events in the eloquent yet measured language of
history. But the hour which foreign travel or resi
dence 'afford for li erary labors are few, and_a work
of the character of which we speak would require a
consultation and comparison of authorities such as
foreign residence will not admit of. Whether a
a work, this commenced, ever reaches the public,
is, probably, a contingency that gives little concern
to the.author, who, having satisfied all the ambiti
on of his life, is not likely. to vex his tranquil and
philosophic age by a hurried strife after
,literary
fame.—From the Albany Atlas, !Tune t-4,'
MR WtBlC, THE Eantrwr, ascended in a balloon
from the Crystal Palace, New York, on Friday.—
The balloon was carried over Long Island; but, in
descending, the courageous aronant made a nar
row escape from death. The grapnel which he
threw out tore oat the sod, and the ballon bounded
several hundred yards ; next the oar was dashed
fordibly into a ravine, and threw him out. He held
on to the outside, hanging fast tb the ear. The
grapnel again made its hold, and as the balloon
was about Hairy , again, Mr.:Wise -tet himself fall
into a salt meadow, knocking out one of hie teeth
and tnjuring his jaw by the lall. The balloon Went
off, but the voyageur oiler's it reward for its return
in season for another ascent from the Palace on
Tuesday next.
iSIIGRANTS FOR THE WEST.—The Chicago cor
respondent of the New York Evening Post, in a
letter dated June sth, states that a few days pre
vious " A company of six hundred Ohio emigrants
started for Nebraska. There is considerable tide
setting that way from this" grtarter. Most of die
parties now going out are preliminary surveying
tug parties, but they will be followed by an unpre
cedented flow of emigration as soon as there can
be any titles secured, to the lands. Last week se
ven hundred Germans passed through Cincinnati
for Oregon and seven hundred and thirty for Ne
braska. ,Minnesota is filling up with unparalleled
mpidity.lThe roads leading to it through lowa and
Wisconsin, it is said are literally crowded with
teams and stock belonging to emigrants."
f,*— John Van Buren is reported to have said
that the Nebraska bill iv the beat bill that ever was
passed by Congress, for that it will kill every man
from the free States who has voted for it, which be
says will be a consummation most devoutly to be
wished ; but what is more than this, it will kill off
all Northern men who have hitherto stood tby dm
rights ol the South, in Congress and out of it.
ozr Mr. John Van Buren. expel:4lsta sail or,En•
rope on the lit of July, to be absent fromthree to
tour months. He intends to visit Scotland, SI. Pe•
etsburg and Constantinople.
Mratforti aqorter.
E, 0. GOODRICH, EDITOR.
Towanda,' Saturday, June 21, 1851.
Terms of The Reporter.
$3130 per annum—if paid within the year 30 cents wid
e deducted—fm en.lt paid actually in advanne 31 00 will be
redacted. No paper sent over two years. uufese paid (or.
ADVIEUTIRRMENT%. per square of ten lines. 50 cents for the
first and cents for each subsequent inserttnu.
I_l, - 7 - Office in the " Union Block." north side at the Public
Square, next door In the Bradford note!. Entradee be.ween
eases. Adams' and Elwell's law offices 4
Democratic State Nominations.
snu.oorzwiron,
WILLIAM BIGLER, OF CLEARFIELD CO
FOR JUDGE OF Trig SUPREME COURT,
JEREMIAH S. BLACK, OF SOMERSET CO
ron C ANAL conIitSSIONER,
HENRY, S. MOTT, OF PIKE CPUNTY
Walehman, Tell us of the Night.
We are not alarmists. The forebodingis of the
nervous and the croakings of the timid, as well as
the ravings of the tanaticr, have hitherto failed to
satisfy us with the instability of cur Union; or to
impress us with the belief that danger , menaced
it. The proud old ship of State, has borne on, re
gardless of the " lightnings and the storm," guided
by discretion and patriotism and carefully avoiding
the hidden dangers, as well as those which loomed
up, with frightful distinctness.
The wise and pittiotic founders of our Govern
ment had no common or easy task to perform. Di
vided in'opinion, according to education or habits,
while a common desire'actuated 'all, a great diver
sity of sentiment existed as to the form of givern
ment which would best embody and perpetua l /6 the
great idea of Liberty and Equal Rights, for which
they had battled against odds for eight years , of
gloom and suffering. At this say, there is no dit•
lerence of opinion as to the wisdom and foresight
of those who sought to make the principle of De
mocascy predominant. Just emerging from the
trials of the Revolution, political questions became
of minor importance, and the patriots of that day,
whether Federalists or Republicans, are now re
garded with feelings of admiration and respect, by
the generations who are enjoying 'he blessings of
free institutions perpetuated through their exertions.
At the formation of the Constitution but one dark
cloud marred the brightness of the horizon of our
country's future. That cloud, then no bigger than
a man's hand, wag the institution of domestic sla
very, existing in almost every one of the origii.al
Thirteen States. It was a cloud which the wisdom
of our forefathers saw was charged with great clan
ger to the future. t'hvy met the question as becam e
those who had just struck ott the chains of oppres
sion, and while they recognized the existence o
the institution, deprecated it as an evil, accutsed - of
God, and looked forward with hope to its gradual
and certain extinguishment. In this hope joined,
not only the men of the North, but the wise and
patriotic statesmen of the South, looking above rner
cenary and selfish policy, arid actuated by a strong
desire to advance the interests of a nation, cement
ed by the blood of patriots. Their remarks in ref
erence to the system of slavery, are familiar to
every intelligent man. The policy considered as
settled was this:—That as slavery already existed
in many of the States, to a considerable extent, it
would be unjust and impolitic to at once abrogate
the rights of the master. That slavery should not
be extended beyond the limits where it then exis
ted—and it was confidently believed that the light
of Freedom would dispel the darkness already set
, tied upon a portion of the Couritiy, and in a few
years, that blot upon our institutions, that libel up
on the Declaration of In lependerce, would exist no
longer. In pursuance of this sentiment, many of
the States took early and effectual measures to
gradually extinguish slavery within their respective
limits, and became in spirit, if not in fact, Free
States.
How stands the case now 'lf The predictions and
hopes of the wise men of the Revolution have not
been realized. The policy they marked out, has
been departed from, the principle of liberty has
been swallowed up by slavery, and pecuniary and
political, inlet ests hive usurped the place nf patriot
ism and unselfishness. The cloud which was but
a speck upon out sky, now casts a gloom over the
whole country—the question once so easy of solu
tion, has become of such magnitude as to appal our
statesmen, who dare not look it in the lace; but
who falter, and trifle, and compromise, and while
they seek to evade it directly, increase its impor
tance..
Who now dares delude himself with the hope,
thavihe day shall ever come when the son will
shine upon not a single slave in this Republicl—
Who at this day, is loolish enough to suppose that
such a result can be b;ought about in any peacea
ble manner, or does not feel that the chains 01 sla
very have been riveted so strongly, that their fall
would bring down the institutions of the country 1
By the light of the past, what hope is there for the
future. Is it not piegnant with gloom rather than
with light 1
• There can be no denial that the sentiment of the
North, is against the institution of domestic servi
_ .
rude. It is loathed P thi abhorred by nine-tenths of
oar freemen. Even those who recognize in the
most binding manner the constitutional Henan( the
South to hold slaves, have no sympathy for the in
stitution, bat regard it with horror. There exists
then, this wide difference—a mighty pecuniary and
political element at the South, opposed by the ns
lure, the insincte, education and interests of the
North. It is clear and certain, that this dangerous
element, requires the constant and watchful care
of our statesmen, to avert the ,danger which it in•
cessantly threatens to our Union. There should be
a jealous guarding against everything calculated to
wound or irritate--a vigilant watch against edareach
meats On the one side or the other, and above all
a constant display and illtisfmtion' of the benefits
which havl•tesulttd, and , will continue. to flow,
from the onion of Sioteerinettkitting a fraternal
- feeling, Ind'an. ellivaled Vatribliorni
frown down Or Onco;_evOrithing
union.
Has this been the care of out statesmen On the
contra s presuming upon the patriotism of the
jClorthiNvherifiir kit attempt has beer! iiiaAftio
pose the ettlensioU'iol slavery, thst::Disqlotiort:'ol
theli!don hits-bein the wolf-cry, "steed t&frighten
Freemen fromibis-policy of their tOrefathitiO. The
'_menace ha.itlem 4 ,used again and againuntililis
'Dreadful notes Fire become too familiu to - the 1%6.
he ear. The Word Disunion," has been so often
soonded.that theitlemitselt has toil halt its terrors.
Vice—though a monster of such hideous mien,
" That to be hated, needs bat to be seen ;
" Yet seen too oft, familiar with its face,
" We first endure—then pity—then embrace."
• And it ii so, tviethih - Cry of a diasolatiopol the
Union. The changes have been rung upon ii so of
fin; that Freerritiribegin lb think" that if they can •
not exercise their constitutiootil 'rightitt: without en
dangering the Union, the sooner they part company
with an irritable and uncongenial neighbors the
better.
-This she of feeling has been the result of the
ambitious personal schemes of Northe• n dough•fa
ces. Hitherto the South have not been obnoxious
to any charge of dishonesty or disregard of compro
mise—except such as might be assumed from a
departure from the line of policy marked out by her
own sons. Unfortunately for her good name, and
for the peace and security of the country, ibis can
now no longer be urged in her behalf. The Repeal
of the Missouri Compromise changes the whOle as
pect of slavery discussion and opens a Pandora's
box of evils, most of which willhe visited upon the
South.
That misguided, ill advised violation of a com
pact, only less binding in its obligations than the
Constitution itself, breaks down that popular senti
ment in the North, which has hitherto been the
most reliable safeguard of slavery. The public
fund is indignant at this outrage/ If this Compro
mise is not to be respected—then away with all
Compromises. If slavery can violate compacts en
tered into under the most solemn and binding cir
otimstances, when they are suppoied to militate
against its interests, the Mall compacts are null and
void. Henceforward there is unceasing war upon
slavery, by the Abolitionists. Hencefortrard, the
sober, calm, conservative States Right ortion of
the North, will look on the battle without interest
They will even " laugh at their calamity, and mock
wl:en their fear commit." The imegrity of the South
is no longer undoubted—their chivalry has become
a by-word. They have no respect for compacts,
end violate compromises !
But it the South, which only seeks to further its
own interests, shall be so regarded, what name is
odious enough to express Northern feeling for the
trai ors in their own midst, who have bound her
hand and loot, and delivered her over to slavery.
The execrations of millions are their portion—the
groans of betrayed Freedom their reward. In com
ing time, if one should emerge from the disgrace
to which he is consigned, sufficiently to come be
fore the people for their soft ages, the ballot box
will testify the detestation in which he is regarded.
PROPOSED MODIFICATION OF THE TARIM—The
Committee of Ways and Means of the House, it in
said, have agreed to report a bill for a modifibation
of the tariff, upon the basis suggested by Secreta
ry Guthrie. The bill coma:net five schedules of
rates.' to the first schedule the old one hundred
',ter cent duty on brandies, liquor, Ste , remains un
hanged. We now receive three millions duties
annually from this Source. The second schedule
rates the duty at twenty per cent. This includes
all the articles which. in the previous tariff, vary
from twenty five to one hundred per cent. It also
includes iron, sugar, manufactured silk and hemp.
The third schedule is fifteen per cent., the fourth
ten per cent , and the fifth five per cent., and em
braces nearly all the articles in the existing lard!,
but reducing to fifteen per cent. articles which now
pay twenty ; to ten per cent articles which now pay
fil.een, &c &c.
The twenty per cent schedule includes raw silk
and some desctiptions of medicines and dyestuffs.
%Vs now receive over seven million dollars duties
upon manufactured and unmanufactured silk. Tho
lists are very full, and fifteen per cent. is placed 'up
on all unenumerated articles.
Salt, which under the present tariff as an enu
merated article, pays twenty per cent., is to admit•
ted free of duty. The free-list takes in all the arti
cles now admitted_free, as well as many articles
now in the lower list of duties. It also includes
certain dyestuffs and medicines.
It is estimated that this tariff will yield a revenue
of about forty-five millions.
Tee Cnoterta.—This disease appears to be ex
tending its influence more widely over the country.
More or less cases have occurred in Nashville,
St. Louis, New Orleans, New Yotk, Broolyn,
Boston, Charlestown and Providence. We now
hear of it in Milledgeville, Ga. The Georgian also
understands that Cholera has appeared in Cherokee
county, and elsewhere in the northern portion of
the State. The Selby News states that the Cholera
has appeared in Tay lorsville, Spencer country, Ken
tuck, and that several deaths have occurred. The
Louisville Courier says the Cholera is prevailing in
Bedford, Tenn. Several deaths have also occurred
in Maysville, Kentucky. The cases have yet been
but few, but considering the material existing in
large cities, and the influence of the hot weather,
which is but just commencing, there is sufficient
reason for urging prudence on the part of indi
viduals, and the adoption of the best sanitary pre•
ventitives on the part of the public authorities, to
keep the city as pure and free from infections as it
now is.
ar Hon. Co*nun Becattew has been ap•
pointed bearei of deepatches to the government of
Paragoay, South America. He is to carry a treaty
lately concluded between the two governments.—
We team that he will proceed by way of London,
as there are no mail steamers running between
any of our ports and Paragnay. He will probably
be absent until the end of the year.
fry- We are requested to state that the Educa
tional Fund Festival, advertised for the 4th of July
hoe been postponed until some future period, o
which due notice will be given.
Daownim—A young man,named Vanginder was
drowned.in the Susquehanna river, near the mouth
of Towanda-Creek, on Wednesday afternoon :last,
while bathing. His body. was recovered in a short
lima, bat not untillifewasinatinoL.;
(t' - The Coternittewof-Wwfrand Means, it is
said ( wilt repetw bittlot the akelitotfat boteities to et" It isolated from•Washiagton that the appoint
fishing vessels. : It is deligadvaly to await the fin, meats (hi Nebraska and Kansas have all been made,
al =tient:ln the reciprocity treaty, &hi will be sent info the Senate I^. a rhy or ;Ito.
=Min
The IN. D. Canal, and the Mon Democrat. I
coleraciorafy of tba gontrosiDemocrpt, has
Men filling hhi•coltamaa for :sere* weeps`; past,
- Niittroitittalts upon the connected With the
North BiancliCanal, and its`Construetion*Md man•
a'Orrieni-generally. What die. motives Snit which
actuate this assault, we care not; and the officials
along the line are probably able to take care of
'their own repattatitin, but we desire to `enter Our ,
protest against disposition which is sometimes in
dulged in, to grumble about the management of
the Canal. We have heard considerable of this
ourselves,..but we never yet heard it charged upon
any-paitienlar tnt►n, or 'set of men. - In fact, the
growler* thruntiel vet are ..ready to .eson'esato any
particular person , who is named, yet still are de
termined that something is wrong. We say then
it comes with a bad_grAce from any body in this
region to find fault with the delay upon the North
Branch.
That the work might have been completed, in
halt the lima consumed, there is no question. It
has been delayed for a long time, and there is
cause for it, not reflecting upon any person connect
ed with it, Gov. BIGLER deserves the gratitude of
the North 'for what he has done—the Canal Com
missioners have promptly put the work under con-
ack—the Engineers and . .. Superintendent upon the
line have been skilfull 'and energetic—and yet the
work has been delayed. The cause is plain, and
well understood, by those connected with the Ca
nal, and will be apparent to every man who takes
the trouble to consider the matter.
It must be considered that the work was resum
ed when the State Treasury was really bankrupt — 1
Every dollar which has been expended has been
needed for other purposes, and has been applied
in the face of a general sentiment against the Com.
-monwealth investing more money in publi im
provements. Hence its friends have been have
been Obliged to put up with alien annual appro
priations. The money voted could not be obtained
be lore June or July, and then one half of the
working season had passed. The contractors then
went to work vigorously, but before they were
fairly started, the money was exhausted, and thiy
received notice that if they did work; they must
run the risk of being paid. Such has been the ex;
perience of every contracto r.
Had the amount necessary to complete the North
Branch been attainable when the work was resum
ed, it would have been rea ly for operation on the
Ist of March 1853, at some hundreds of thousands
of dollars less cost than now. But die progress of
the work has beau constantly interrupted and ham
pered by a want of means, producing great embar•
rassment' to the officers, and serious difficulties to
contractors. Of course the work could not be done
faster than there was money to pay for • it. It there
is any blame it rests with that grudging and nig
garslly policy which prevailed in the ,Legislature
and doled out money in such small amounts.
In regard to the Wyoming Division we do not
know anything—but we do know that no exertion
has been wanting to get the upper division;in to na•
vigable order. That accidenta have happened 13
not the fault of the Supervisor or the Enngineers.
They have been repaired la the shortest possible
time, and as far as we have learned have mostly
occurred in the old banks which have been stand
ing for twelve or fifteen years. The want of the
necessary funds embarrassed the Supervisor this
Spring. and some weeks passed away before he
could commence the necessary repairs.
Messrs. H0P113113 and Fonsrrn paid the Canal
a visit last week—and Gen. CLOVER has been for
some weeks giving his personal attention to the
task of getting it into navigable order, and wid
remain until the work is accomplished. • '
Stale Central Committee
The Democratic State Central Committee, agree•
ably to previous announcement, met at Buehler's
Hotel, in Harrisburg, on Thursday, the 15,h insr ,
and after a full and free interchange of sentiments,
it was resolved that a more efficient organization
of the Democratic party be effected, and that ad
dresses be issued on the following subjects :-
Ist. The new position of the Whig party and
their allies.
2nd. The principles of non-intervention and
popular sovereignty as settled by the Compromise
of 1850, and embodied in the Nebraska and Kan
sas bill.
3rd. Review of the measures of the present and
ate State administrations.
4th. Federalism and Whiggery from the days of
Hamilton down to the present day.
We shall await the appearance of this document
upon the principles announced in the second addrese
with some anxiety, not that we consider it of any
importance as a political paper, but we are desirous
of ascertaining what sort of position the State Cen
tral Committee will attempt to place the Democrat
ic party of Pennsylvania in. We say attempt, be.
cause we do not consider that body, as having any
more right to speak for the party, than we have. If
a desire to promote the interests of the party, and
its success this fall, is predominant, then the State
Central Committee will act wisely and prudently—
but if that organization is to be used for selfish and
ulterior ends—to earn for some member fav3rs from
the General Government—then we have nothing to
hope for, and the disasters of New Hampshire and
Connecticut and the Waterloo roe! in Philadelphia,
will be followed by the overthrow of the party in
Pennsylvania.
New HAMPSHIRE SENATORIAL. ELECITION---The
House of Representatives of New: Hampshire pro
ceeded on Friday to ballot for a IT. S. Senator for
the short term. The first ballot resulted as fol
lows: —Whole number of votes cast, 308:--neces
sary to a choice, 155. John S. Wells, (Dem.) re
ceived 147: E. Eastman, (Whig,) 87 ; Mason W.
Tappan, (Free soil,) 52; George W. Morrison, 18.
Two Democrats were absent. No choice. Second
ballot—Wells, (Dem.) 148; Eastman, (Whig,) 89:
Tappan, (Free Soil,) 43 ; Morrison, 24, Daniel Clark
2 ; Charles L ‘Vciodbary, l ; Ichabod Goodwin, I.—
No choice. An effort was now made to proceed to
election of a Senator for the long term. The
Speaker ruled the motion out of order. An indefi
nite postponement WIN moved, but met with gen
eral objection. Finallay, the matter was postponed
tilt Wednesday last. - •
•
It is believed that Santa Anna has positively re
jected the astbden treaty, and insists upon thodifi.
cations to which this government wilt not consent.
n=litn====!ll!Ml
lIIMIM
The nomestead urn
=Eli
The Oredialioss Contained in the following Le
marke,ircenthe lgoptrose Democrat, inset our ides'
exactly.. Tbek "are sensible, and it not verifietly
:we shall be very agreeably disappriinted!.."lThk
Bill granting one fiend red and sixty acres from i t t e .
public lands to each actual settler thereon, which
has so long been agitated in Congress, and which
passeit the House early Me present session, "
Still
hangs in the Senate. It will be recollected that it
passed the House last session and was then smoth•
ered io the Senate. 'The country is beginning to
look to the fate of the presitrit bid with much anxie
ty, and to us the writirig appears plainly on the
. wadi. „.„.. •-- • •
We have no confidence in the Senate so far as
favorable action on this bill is involved. That body
is too far removed horn the people, too indepen
dent of their sovereign, too conservative in ideas.
Such a proposition shakes their nerves, has too
mach of Young America about it ever to meet with
favorable action there. But there is another rea
son why that bill will not pass the Senate, in our
judgment more powerful than any other, and of it
self sufficient to put an end to its existence. The
South in a body oppose it. , The fiat has gone forth
from that quarter that the bill in someway will
damage the " peculiar institution," and hence must
fall. As soon as the Nebraska bill passed,we gave
op the Homestead as doomed. Remember that
the doctrine of popular sovereignty is claimed for
the Nebraska Bill, - that is, that the people of that
territory shall decide for themselves on the ques
tion of slavery. Why did the South support that
Bill ? Because it gave them a chance to introduce
slavery where it was prohibited by positive law.—
Now does anybody supposelhat the south will per
mit a Bill to pass like the Homestead, which would
open those territories to a flood of free emigration,
such as would pour in there with the inducements
held out of obtaining land free, on which to settle
and make happy homes for tree labor? Certainly
not. If there be such a principle in the Nebraska
Bill as popular sovereignty, with the Homestead
'passed, of what value would if be to the South ?
They could no more obtain a footing (or slavery in
Nebraska ander such a law than they could` reach
and pluck down the siars, and they will never per
mit it to pass. Mark this, that the Homestead Bill
is dead—dead as Julius Ctesar, because it is sup•
posed to conflict with universal " nigger " dornin
,
ion.
Mr. Buchanan and Nebraska.
There is a strong suspicion abroad that; Mr. Bu
chanan; is opposed to the clause in the Nebraska
bill, repealing the Missouri Compromise. The In
telligencer, at Lancaster, not having taken %decid
ed stand for the bill, and some other indications,
lead to this belief. The 'Montrose Democrat, edited
_by the late speaker of the House of Representatives
of this State, has a long editorial going to show the
opposition of our Minister to England, to repealing
the Missouri Compromise. After quoting from
Mr. B's letter in 1848, to the Bella County, Har
vest Home, he says:—
And further than this, we may say, that we have
letters in our possession, private in their details, but
of which we are at liberty to say, that they reiter
ate the same doorines as before quoted, and indeed
refer to the letter from which the quotation is made
as the settled conviction of his mind on than sub
ject. And those letters are of more recent date than
the Compromise of 1850. They were written in
'sl s ande.s2 at the very period when he was again
the candidate of the Democracy of Pennsylvania
fur President. We say we have those letters ur
our possession, not written for the purpose of poli
tical capital, but in ale frank manner of private cor•
respondence, refer, ing to published correspondence,
letter 'o the " Barks county harvest home."—
of the same nature, more at leri4til and 111 detail
111 ere is no mi'takrng Mr. Buchanan's views on
this question. Ile has always advocated the invio
lability of the Missouri Compromise, and deemed,
in 1848," that " the securer of he U 111011" depend
ed on the faithful recognition of that line, in our fu
ture acquisitions of terr wiry. Have not the Democ
racy of the State endorsed that, over arid over, by
I presenting him, with a hill knowledge of those
opinions, to the country for Chief Magistrate. ‘Ve
repeat, the Missouri Compromise has been demo
cratic doctrine in Pennsylvania ever since its pas-
CM
Tire CATAWIMA RAILROAD.—We learn that the
rails have now been laid on the road from Cana
wissa to Rington, in Schuylkill county. Efforts
ars making to have the road finished to Tamaqua
by the 4thot July. ' Cars can run from Philadelphia
to Catawissa, and the grading from Catawissa to
Danville will soon be done. The bridge over
the North Branch at Catawissa will perhaps be
the last job completed between Catawissa and
Danville, but it will not he long until railroad
trains will be arriving daily, at that place. The
extensive and elegant improvements now making
in that borough indicate that a great era of pro
gress is now increasing the usual energy and en
terprise of its citizens. The erection of new
buildings, and improvements of old ones, exceds
all limner example
Tits: ELECTION —The full official vote for mayor,
solicitor, controller and commissioner of the con•
condoled city of Philadelphia, is as follows:
Conrad—%V and N , 8,428
Hazlehurst—V., 11,343
Henderson—W. and N., 8,729
Much—N., 4,621
The vote for Mr. Baker, native candidate for so
licitor, is but 101. Mr. Comly, whig candidate for
commissioner, receives 9,789 votes. The aggre
gate vote for mayor is 50,414.
KT Great excitement exists in Pottsville, Pa,
iu consequence of an atiray which occurred on Sa
turday night. One person was killed, and two oth
ers terribly cut and bruised. The quarrel origina
ted, it is said, between the Know-Nothings and the
Irish.
llDr' CELEBRATION AT LERATBVILLE.
—The 4th of July nest, will!be celebrat
ed at Leßaysville, under the joint supervision of
the Orders of Odd Fellows end Good Templers.—
The citizens generally aro requested to take part in
the exercises of the day. The members of the dif—
ferent Lodges of said Orders are invited to meet
with us. The Hon. David Wilmot has been invit—
ed, and is expected to be present, Also the Hon. E.
8. Sweet of Owego, has excepted an invitation and
will be present. The Montrose Band will be in at
tendance to add to the festivity of the occasion.—
Dinner will be prepared by 8. H. Canfield, of the
Leraysvitle House, and we would say to the friends
of Temperance, that there will be no liquor sold in
Lcraysville on that day.
COMMITTEE OR ARELEHOEMLICTS OF THE I. 0. OF 0. 7
S. B. Pierce, A.S. Smith,
B. Dewitt, E. H. Browning.
, LL M. Benham.
C01111?Mt- 01/ AIIIII3IOIIIIENTS . OIP. TIE 1. 0. 0? 0.
. WIL Black, _Mrs: Betsy Barnes
A. B..Baldttin, _ ' " S. Baldw in
W:Liwks, • ~• D. W. Le wisiv
J. Pierce, • . , 0 A. B. Payton
0. FT. tired!:
Common School Superintendents.
. tin accordance with the provisions of the New
St htiol LaW; the School Directors in the different
aunties throughout the State, have duly assembled,
anti fixed khe saleries of, and appointed their Super
intendents,' We compile from our exchanges the
following list of adpointments in the varipus coun—
ties„ as . fa r„as has been
_ascertained, leaving only
the counties of Elk, Jefferson, McKean, Sullivan
and Warren, to be heard from.
COV NTT ES.
Adams,
Allegheny,
Armstrong,
Beaver,
Bedford;'
Becks,
SOPERINTfiNDENTO. SALARIEIL
David Wills, $ 300
,James M, Pryor, 1,000
ino. A. Campbell, 300
Thos. Nicholson, 350
I% W. 8 . M'Paddeir, • ' 300
Wm. A.. Good, 250
Hugh A. Caldwell,
Emanuel Guyei,
Joseph Fell,
Isaae Black,
R. L. Johnston,
Jos. H. Siewers q
Rev. W. J. Gibson,
R. Agnew Futhey,
Robert Orr,
Dr. A. T. SehriOer,
R. C. Allison,
Joel E. Bradley,
S. 9. Sears,
Daniel Shany,
S. D. Ingram,
Dr. George Smith,
Blair, .
Bradford,
Bucks,
Butler,
Cambria,
Carbon,
Centre,
Cneater,
Clarion,
Clearfield,
Clinton.
Columbia,
Crawford,
Cumberland,
Dauphin,
Delaware, -
Elk,
Erie,
Fayette,
Franklin,
Fulton,
Wro. H. Armstrong,
Josh. V. Gibbons,
James McDowell,
Robert Ross,
John A. Gordon,
James S. Barr,
Greene,
Huntingdon,
Indiana,
Jefferson,
Jumata.
Rev. S. P Raman,
David Laughlin,
J P. Wielcershum,
Wm. M. Francis '
Juhn H. Kluge,
Chas. W. Cooper,
John W. Leacher,
John W. Barrett,
Lancaver,
La wrens e,
Lebanon,
Lehigh,
Luzerne,
Lycoming,
McKean,
Mercer, James C. Brown,
Matlin, Robert C. Roes,
Moroi. e, Charlote Burnett,
Montgomery, H. S. Roudenboagh,
Montour, Paul Leidy,
Northampton, Valentine Hillburn,
Northumberland, J. J. Retinensuyder,
Perry, Adam Height,
Pike, La B. Newman.
Putter, Bloomingdale,
Schuylka J. K. Krewain,
Somerset, J. Joseph Stutzman,
Sullivan,
Susquehanna,
Willard Richardson,
Rev. John F. Gallons,
J. J. Whltman,
M. C. lichee,
Tioga,
Urtion,
Yenango,
Warren,
Washington,
Wayne,
Westmorland,,
Wyoming,
York,
John L. Gow, 1,000
John F. Stoddard, 500
Rev M. AFKinstry, 1,550
Cornelius R. Lane, 150
Jacob Kirk 500
Meeting at Lawrenceville.
PurstrdE to notice, a rnee:ing of ihe citizens of
Lawrenceville and vicinity, wa, held al Lawrence
ville, on tia•urday evening, Janie 10 h• for the pur
po,e of mandesting ;heir disapprobation pf the re.
peal of ttiv.:‘ll. , s , .n.i C,rnpiottlise,
Dr. Lewis Dar u \vas chmut P t enident ; Hon.
emu; Pa. k hurst Vice president, and Geo. W. Strat.
tun Secretary.
John W. Ayer, F.=rl , addressed the meeting in
all able arid eflecnve manner tor about an hour, -
after which the declaration aid iesolu•
110[16 wets aLloiwed.
"By the repeal at the 111,Rstwri C• , rnpro,nise,"
freedom has been ab - dishen. and Slavery ..übsii'u
ted in a territory compir-ing akin , r.OO 11[10 square
miles. This terrrory was iria,.e lire by .i m• town
compact be:ween the Swill ai.,.1.1te No' It tti 1826.
awl now al et 3.1 yew., lii 11,t 4 repeal•
ed. And why? Did the people of to North or
the South ask it? No. net her a-kid tr. It
was an uuriecessaiy and unciiiied for v,o,a Lion of
the compact.
We are told by some lb i, Slavery wt.( and
cannot go there. Doe= not :he rneah it shall
go there 1 Most assuredly toy do—and as Con•
gress has removed lie reiiiirie ion. !,It•V have in
principle abolished heed. m and subs t.uteil., Sla
very.
We have reached a ert-,=. , hroa'ers our
rights a= citizeo= C -tart :our t grin When i ii
ordeno extend Siarery. one ter , uoly made tree by
the solemn con.i.act L.: "ic N, , c n and ;he youth--
Ito 2,,, , .gtatidi,e the-lave:. - s ;lie expense
of liberty—an I !he I,H! red to. 'h t f OUr fathers is
set at noughr—and the expresi•ed will of the peo
ple is overborne in Congress by influences annea
-1 slitutionally brought to bear is ith the connivance of
a weak and unrigh,eous administration—destroying
l the freedom of our legislottion—anelhus striking at
the root of our liherties—and subjecting us to an
intolerable despotism ; we feel that it is not only
our right but our duty to speak out
Lot each town organize to do baHit to save the
tree tostirmione of our country, retched !or the fu
ture to support none but true and tried men.''
I Resolved, That we regard the bill which has
recently passed both houses of Cuti..!ie,s, providing
Governments for the Tertitories of Nebraska and
Kansas as an insult to the Amer:cm people; a
xvantor. violation of plighted faith a cold blooded
conspericy against humanity and republicanism,
and a crime against GA. That we believe it to
be a link in a chain of measures, looking to the ab
solute supremacy of slavery, and the subversion of
freedom throughout this continent, and that we
therefore demand its speedy and unconditional re
peal.
2. Resolved, That submission by the North to
Southern dictation is no forger a virtue, and that
we will resist it by all judicious means in our
power.
3 Resolved, That those laws and those only
made by the people and for ;he rople. deserves
our respect, and that as the Nebraska bill was pass
ed by the South add their Northern tools for their
own iniquitious purpose, and not for the good of
all, therelore we look on those laws with utter de
tection, as unworthy of our respect at,d support.
4. Resolved, That we recommend to the peo
ple in all our townships, to unite themselves in a
league against the extension of, slavery, and sug
gest to the citizens that County, State and National
Conventions be call to nominate tar all offi
ces in the gift of the people, who are decidedly for
freedom •
6. Resolved, That a committee of ten beappoin
led by the Chair at his couvrnience the ,duty of
which committee shall he to inure the lion. David
Wilmot, to address the citizens of Lawrenceville
on the repeal of the Missouri Compromise, at his
earliest convenience.
6. Resolved, That the Secretary be requested to
procure the publication of the doings 01 this meet•
ing, in the papers of this Congressional district.
ACCIDENT ON THE New Yong AND ERIE RAIL-
Roam—A very serious collision between an express
and freight train occurred at Sew Orlean, on the
Erie road, on Wednesday morning. The engineer
and fireman of the express train were badly inured,
at tirst supposed fatally, but, at the last account,
they were in a fair way to recover. The locmo
tives and cars sustained a damage of about $5OOO.
The engineer of the freight train is c onsidered the
individual in fault.
•
DREADFUL —On the 18th ult.. a hale eon of % m.
Taylor, of Randolph counry, Indiana, d lour
yeass, died of delirium tremens. It was :horrible
sight, says the Winchester Emblem to see the little
fellow screaming at, and. Jumping ' from the snakes
that he thought be saw. The father of the boy was
a 'rnterope-5:.3 -”a
400
500
1.000
500
400
400
600
100
262
300
600
200
1,500
500
760
500
500
500
300
100
300
1,000
400
~, 300
200