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TOW A'NDAI
Saturbag Clecembit 25:1862
belittrt Vstitu,'
THE HOMES , QF TH,E pO,QR.
■r 31111 TIN
The balls of the rich ' haie.beinltintoils Iti
Ever since Battery fawnid opotit
Feigning, to palaces only belong -
Honor and virtue, contentment and heatitt.i
B at t he glad tidings from heaven'tn'eirth
Tell of true wealth in Humility's atone;
Jewels of purity, patience and'areWth;' • -
Blest above gold in the hontbs'Of thepocir.—
Te , , the well favor'd in fortune and rank
Wisely will covet such riches untold. _
While the good giver they heartily,thank '
For the talenrb of honor and gold ;'
'iely such jewels of price wilrthey seek,
'Cherishing good as the real Koh-i-noor„
And from the diligent, modest and meek, -
Learn to be rich in the home of the:poor.
}pare those homes overclouded with night,
• Poverty's sisters are Care had Disease;
a And the hard wrestler in life's uphill fight
Faints in the battle, and dies by degrees':
Then let his neighbor stand. forth in his strength,
Like the Samaritan, swift .to procure
Comfort and balm for his struggles at length..
Pouring in peace on the homes of the poor.
Cleanliness, healthiness, eater and light,
, Rent wihtin reason, and temperate rules,
I Work and fair wages, (Humanity's right.)
Libraries, hospitals, churches and schools—
, Thus let us help the good brother in need,
Dropping a treasure at Industry's door,
Glad by God's favor LO lighten indeed
The burdens of life in the homes of the pOor
Oh there is much to be done, and that soon ;
Classes are standing asunder, aloof;
}fasten, Benevolence, with the free boon,
Filling as sunshine on Misery's roof !
Hasten good stewards of a bountiful Lord,
Greatly to Imitate him ever more,
Biltdoig together, in blessed accord,
The halls of the rich with the homes of the poor
N. YORK GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY
Acres to an Open Polar Sea Along a North
American Meridian.
A PAPER. BY DR. E. K. KANE, LIEUT. U. S. N
From the New York Daily Times
The usual Monthly Meeting of the New York
Geographical and Statistical Society, on Tuesday
Erering, 14th lust., was held in the Chapel of the
. pillet,q, for the purpose of accommodating a
numeroa§ and most respectable attendance of our
' citizen!, who were attracted to hear Dr. KANg read
*parer nn he above interesting subject. Al
'clock, the Doctor, accompanied by Hon.deottoe
liascaurz and Rev. Dr. HAWKS entered.
Hoe. Mr fisscrtnrr presided, by request of the
Society, and with a few remarks on the objects of
this secondexpedition fitted out by the liberality of
their philanthropic, V ice-Preiitlect Licata
GatN
srt.r.,introduced Dr. BANE. Alter the applause
irhtrh greeted him ceased, the learned Doctor in
t troduced the subject of his discourse, by observing
, Oat the North Polo was regarded, even by Geog
raphers, with that mysterious awe which enveloped
the Inaccessible and unknown. He then proceed
s: to explain the position of the North Pole, aashut
on nom us by a zone of ice, which formed a per
anneal barrier. He traced the efforts of eariy.,and
went navigators to make a passage through, illus.
Voting their course horn accipate maps and charts.
He called attention to a remarkable feature in the
ice coast line—a marked indentation as hiji as
80°, and 70° East Jong., known as the old
Fishing Bight." After following the immense
investing body throughout its entire circuit, the
Doctor proceedearto show the strong presumption in
favor of the existence of a North Polar Sea, or Pol.
voys, (a Rassian term, implying an open space.)
tie then said, with the sources of supply ; 'it was
evident that this surcharged basin must have an
ounet, and pointed out three-Behring's Straits, the
Estuaries of Hudsertand Baffin's Bays, •and the
Greenland Sea. He showed the Sonthwaid
.fIOW
nfircand water, which, in the Spitzbergen
loved very strong, and carried the vessels attempt
mg to stem it, back. All the- bets went to prove
that the Polar Basin was not only the seat pfariac;
tire supply and discharge, but of an intestine circa ,
futon, independent of either; while the intemone
meateatton of whales between the ;Atlantic and
Pacific, shown by MAURY, proved directly that the
Iwo oceans were united.
The Doctor proceeded to adduce experiments of
the temperature of water, and other facts in Op
pan of the theory of a Polar Open sea.
Bat, if any point•between 75° aid 80°—a range
sufficiently wide to exclude all - the . theeiriei.-i-bn
puled as the seat of the greatest intensity of cad;
we may perhaps infer the itate • oi tins polar sea
from the known temperatures. of , other., regions
equally distant with it from' Ibis supposed centre;
thcu;h, as the lines of latitude do not correspond
anti those of temperatA dart - inn - it be done with
tattoo. • 7 '
I
have been engaged for some , time in ;treeing .
ere this class of deductionlr, antri.flitd Aley.
Paint to some interesting conclusions-as to the flui.
dity et the region about the Pole, and ite attendant
mildness of the weather.
Thus, for invtance, at Cherie krauts, surrounded
by moving waters, but situated in as high.alftlituje
'$ Melville Island, the sea of the greatest observed .
alma annual cold, the tempeintUre tvas:
mi ld throughout the entire Arctic Wittier, ,Ptsi rain,
fell there upon Christmas day.
Butewrz, a most honest and reliable•antheri•
ty, "Peaks of the increasing warmth es
lend to the North of 77!.
S Pitrhergen confirm the saying oldie Early Dateh t ,
1141 the " Fisherman's Bightn'is'as pleaSant as the'
sea of Amsterdam.
3. Egelesminde anti Mitenbick, two little Dan..
3b Ind Esquimau: sentiments, on the West coast
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W
IlMili=l
MEI
ME
REM
of GreenlanctOn 4ikliM4o 70°, with a climate lam
adiaccitt kand.massen,tanc,navetthelean;,
not -.. completely I. ice-bouncli have a rnean'uinnual.
teropetattire 01- and are in the tar' thernat carve
(Sanner nitiva) 0t,50; us a vegetation ot,
coarse grasses.rtad a few crucifers:.
- 4. dn. West Lapland; es high.to4 70°; barloy . has .
been,initl I believer ia•still grown;though` heie is its
highest Niirthern 11,00 0 :brii : Our centre: of
iniaimorn cold, thesPole at 00° is•at ihe sante' ail
tanoe Irom it. as this West Lapland' limit , of the
grectoth , orbarley:
So ? Jew
they might
little 'more son, a, weeks : , longe r,
they might grow,grain against the Naith.Pale
. Stu , t heti are. other arguments based Upon
.kneitjrn
fakts, , lacts' poiltilapy reeognized,"'arid direct in Their
inductive besrhie; tipun
The Migrations of; animal. life i At the , utmost
limits of Northern travel attained by` titan,' horde,
of animals ofvaridue . Yinds have been obiefved to
be iriVellindetill farther. , •
,r;
. . ,
Tbe.Arctic. Zane, though., nut' rich in-species,' is.
teeming. with • individual life: • Among Wide, :the
swimmers, 'drawing their' subsistentei"ftorn*ititteri
water, are pied cim in an t ; the great tarp Hies of Junk •
(AnatinEe auks,,(Alccnin,) and.,procelfarinebirds
(Preellarirse,) , ihronkihe seas, and passages of the
far North, and even incubate in regions of unknown
Northernuess.
The eider duck-has been .traced to breeding.
grounds as high as 78° in Baffins Bay ;. andinvon.
junction with the Brent gbossyseen by' as tir Well
ington Channel, the loon and little auk Rises in
great flights to the Northern waters beyond. The
Mammals of the sea, the huge cetacea in the Ahree
great families, Belenethe, Delphinedre, Phooidre,
represented by the whales ; the Narwhal and Be
luga ; the Risky walrus, all pass in schools, towards
the Northern water's. I have seen the white Whale
(Delphiaepterus Belngs,) passing , . op Wellington
Channel to the north, for neatly four successive
days, and that too while all around us was a sea o
broken ice.
So with the quadrupeds of this region—The equa
torial range of the Polar Bear (V. Mariiimas) is
misconceived by our. Geographical Zoologists. It
is further to the North than we have yet reached ;
and the powerful beasts informs us of the character
of the accompanying life upon which he preys.
The Ruminating animals, whose food must be a
vegtation, obey the same impulse or instinct of far
Northern travel. The Reindeer, (cerous Taran
dus,) although proved by my friend, Lieut. Mc
CLINTOCK, to winter sometimes in the Parry group,
outside of the zone of wood", comes down from the
North in herds as startling as those described by the
Siberian travelers, " a moving forest of antfers."
The whalers of North Baffin's Bay, as high as
75°, shoot them in numbers. and the E.quimaux of
Whale Sound, 77°, are clothed with their furs.
The lecturer then mentioned that the polar drift
ice came first from the North. The breaking up,
the thaw of the ice plain did not-commence in our
so called warmer South, but in regions to the North
of those yet attained. In addition to this we had
the observations of actual travel.
=
tkry;). 11.01"
.‘..;.::':
KRIM
MEER
TY 1 :1,14., DT E. O'DIEMIA.G,OODRIe,II.
.To penetrate the icy annulus and make the
" North-West passage" had been lavored dreams
since the early Line of ocean navigation ; yet np to
this moment, complete failure had at ended every
attempt. But the question of access to the Arctic
Pole, the .penetration to this open sea, is now
brought against us, not as in the days of Hunscs,
and Sconxsav, and PARRY, a curious problem for
scientific inquiry, bat as an object claiming philan
thropic ellort and appealing thus to the sympathies
of the whole civilized world,— r the rescue of Sir
Joins FRANKLIN and ! '
The recent discoveries by the united squadrons
Of DEHAVEN and PENNY, of FRANKLIN'S first winter
quarters at the mouth of Wellington Channel, aided
by the complete proofs since obtained that he did
riot proceed to the East or West, render it beyond
conjecture Pertain, that he passed up iVellington
Channel to the North.
Here we have lost him, and save the lonely le
cords upon-the tomb Stones of his dead, for seven
gestate has been, lost to the world. 'TO asSign his
exact position is impossible ;,we only know that
he has traveled up this land-locked channel, seek
ing the objects of his enterprise to the North and
West. Thathe Orsome.of his Party'ars yet in ex
istence, this is not the place to argue. Let dui
question rest upon the opinions of those, who have
visited this region, are at least better qualified to
judge of its resources, than those who have 'formed
their opinions by the fireside. • '
Alter speaking of the unsuccessful joirneys of
PENNY, GOODIER, MASON RIRI SUTHERLAND, and giv
ing some reason for entertaining but faint hopes of
success from theliresent expedition under Sir
Ber.cnia, Dr . Kerie said : It is to announce another
plan ofiearcb 1, am now before you, and as the ais.
cent° the open sea-'forma the characteristic fea
tures; 1 - hive given 'you 'the preceding physical,
characteristic of the region, in order le enable you
to weigh properly.ita merits and , demerits... It is•in
recognition of the important office which American
Geographers can perform tctwarde'prptiplinkitsi.
uiiliiy rind Success, that' r
1116:finst recipient of the detail' ind• A stotlines of my
Hr sav-Grutovet.t.;'tfte Mit Prestienyarta t
ViO•Piesijpitt of, this Bociaey,, has onit me o : lite;
honorotiablng. at My. dis[iositioa his t vesselisjito
4tioance, and.the Sectetarjr;oftheoNavy•lias .assipt
ad, me to 4 ; special duty" - fol.' die ecniti tkt er .' the Fa
Pe!dilic l n; . c!` r . '
-4Y,'Plaret oarci) , vs, 04 , 44 i bpilp ,diet
extension of the land masses of Greenland' to the
far notth—s view yertoTbri VW - final — by travel, bu t
suet Manzi by tine' 'elyali,gies ,Plipfteakqtrlktrwhr.
' Ay;
no.agniziespr isizzadsinenzeiael,..by , interior: Macias
. is Minn a' palatalize, and •tollonri dot .gatieraflattiv
vriiiC'ifititiebesotfico diVis'nrF.fillf
TEN lUt
- , ..llalorapt truncated aartalaidions , at-Smatinz.
Hook is as ansiziaed'as r ilikt
s whichis 113iitizi at ;Viii
MMI
qi•• i'i:l
MMUM
t t
;Q 4 p4ll+ll. -
,
MEI
Catitis G64lbpli and lioni oiitieitvOiOaConti
"ronibiOlir India Cape;
ionitpeciitt:pt 4,...l`tat,Falith,p,rthuGiimiliar, of Southern
• • •
Spain
.
- -',Analogieworgenetel CI:WOO, which 050 liken ii
to Southe rn
. eiwei,ekttote iKriking.—
thejikiti!grOug(Oiloetencooteen to the East o!
bean tonihem point; answering to the Falkland
falande; Madagascair;'Ctrylcin; NO* Zeatandi , the Eta-
Ot Ffciridit aoa if Bele Ocsiitfilhii,Coast of
iheTcoast of
Prewttond....3l,bael:ieeßobservedihet all greAt Pen
insulas, too, have j an exorratientortiiidlnirards on,
their Weit4rit -elite4 4 :Cdniveleflee:tiiMii tow
ards thelAterica i helween.
Iditolearid
ckiii4i#tFise 4 wstialia in of .
Greenland f by ihe great ex
eaiation of Disco: 'Analogies - of thosame . sort of.'
ler when we Consider, thifse tripe ravbillittleitioree
of teliefio treated by
OfoiesKl.T . .:„. )-, : • •
Believing thin in such an extension ofGreenlan ,
arid_ elint - that 'Melte:ltchierSir ions, ' Faiiss !air
is best prontoleil' bir it Midrib which:Will lead direct
131",itiThe'npen too,,that the . approxi. ,
matron of gm orerh4arte,would make access to the
west as easy from Northern Greenland as from
Wellington Channel, and aiicess to the east farmore
easy. Feeling too dint 411 4iihear protruding head
land. will be most likely to aff9rd.some trace of the
lost party, lam led to propoee.and attempt this line
of search. • ' " - •
Greenland wax lined by a couple of lateral ran
'es of mountains, iviemblinglfie of India
the culmination ot Mese s:rongly `indicate their ex
tension Ita alegion' far- us the north. 'The law of the
gradual dectine'of n eritlianial chains is universal,
and giveprescniiiftive - evide'nea - of tits
•
/9milting suchusion of the land masses of
ert exte_
Greenland 'to the mirth, we have:die. following in
decements•for exploration and research :
.1. Terra firgia'as , thetasis'of ontoperations, ob
viating the , acciAnts characteristic of ice travel.
.Adue,l%fortilern throwing aside
influences of terrestrial. -radiation , would lead
soonest to the open sea, should such exist. -
3. The benefit of the fan like abutment of land,
on the north face of Greenl a nd, to chests: the ice in
'he course of its southern or equatorial drift;
. thos
obviating*the drawback of Natty in his attempts to
reach the Pole by the'Spitzbergen sea.
4. Animal life tosustain travelling parties. •
5 The co.operation of the Evquimaux settle
mesas of Greenlanders, having been mend as high
as Whale Sound, and probably extending still fur.
ther along the coast.' The point I would endeavor
to attain, would : be the highest attainable point of
Baffin'a.Flay, from, if possible, the sound known u
Smith's Sound, advocated. by Baron Wrangell, as
the most eligible site for reaching •the North Pole.
,As a point of &Torture, this is two hundred and
twenty miles to the north, of Peeclty Island—the
starting point ot Sir Edward Belceltr—and seventy
north 01 the. utmost limilkseen or recorded in Wel
ington Channel.'
The pgrty should consist of smite thirty pen, with
a conple r of launches, sledies, dogs, and guile-per
cha boots. The provisions, iv ill be Pemmican—a
preparation of dried meat, packed in cavesiimpreg
made to the appetite• of the Polar bear.
WS 'shall leave the Milted States in lime, to
reach the Bay at the earliest season of navigation
The brig furnished by Mr. Grir.noll for, this pur
pose, is admirably strengthened and filly eqiiipped
to meet the peztiliar trials 'of the service. After
reaching the rtattlement or Uppernavik, we take in
a supply of pplimaux dogs, and a tevr picked men
to take charge of the-sledges.
We then enter :tae' ice of Melville Illy, and if
successful" in its peneiratior, hasten to, Smith's
Sound, forcing our vessel to -the utmost navigable
point, and there securing herfor the veinier. The
operotions of search, however, are not to, be sus
petaled. Active exercise is the test safeguard
against the scurvy; and, although the darkness of
Winter will not be in our favor, T am dotivincel
that,, with the exceplien,, perhaps, solsticial period
ma.vium ; obscurity, we.can push.forward ouvpro
vision depots by sledge and launch, and thus pre
prig for the f i tnel eflorts chi'V'eetitch. ,
An this ,Uarn Strengtheited by the.valuablet opinion
of friend', Mr, Muidaugh, late The Sailing Mas.
ter of the Advance He has advocated this very
Senn& as a basis of land - cliertifibes. And . the , re
cent journey of , Kerte WY, commanding Lady
Frenklaitt's last gspedition, shows that the Fall
and Winter should nalortgertie 'regarded as . lost
The sledges`Whichcoristituteso important a lea
titre our Exlietlition , ; and upon which not Only .
our success. but, out safety. will depend, are to , be
constructed with extreme.care... tack sledge ,will
carry 3he blanket, bAget and tors:of six men, togeth
en. with s'measered - alliistynce' of Perim leen. 'A
light tent of:lndian llubbei
,cloth of a new pattern,
'will beaddetl,ibutfier our nightlyltelt the main de
pendence will be snow houses of Esquitilaux. It
is alinostliicredible,V3he'fide rif"Witat obeitaeles,.
to What extizeitis;,elt- I pt,i!k,itjie4 . ,t)c.t)q Plrl teaP l
atlinirde:the'relaiive importance,oleeery; ounce
of weight caa be calculated, and .the system of ad
vanced f_depots of-provi4ionck orgallized-admirablY.
Alcoholics-tallow is the'only fueloind tb# entlie
. eodsing'epparntpi 'llitieltlitot:siti, li t ti l i btiwingillli
io,
tin.' Ii
... ,.- .. erettir:iliatvicii,iejsting,i(cind!-:reati,be carried,
id:a Ind* bag. .!Lieut4sicClintock, •tuf:Commiutder
Austen expedition,lratielcillhus , !Boo latitei4 die
' e,olOti ; eoiir,lit,! O ro 6 .ii 4 i4ll l t ) ( l '4 alfe4 :'O 'r2`
1 eialih j etistititi; and I?tioniiirangellmide, triiihigs,
I 1-533 miles in 74 slays, audible over a fast frozen ,
(veins. ,••,..... ! 10 ,,, ; , : 7 ,4 r. x 4 , , T— :1,-7 t , -.-‘ .ri . 6.4 ',.1 .
I *lt' itlig*atet44l4go; jpatney-, , upon; record...4a
that of in r.frie ndilel r. -Kenn etly, , whti Iseetmtptiehl
cd4letirlYlT.,4oWiftiiee . ;''ltict4.,'br - iCi#::inid . !-9,liiii;"
Yii,io4l„ ft 1 0'40 i 4 1 1. 1 01 i 1010 ffiilitrlith 1 : 0 144.
40,0. 111 0PiOfiiikti#Nt..14. 1 0 0.f.fi ) 9 1 11 -I m 4 we may
here-leant I practicalities= ortke tmvikirto avoid:
imnicestart baggrig,c-:=Wart'Perisrhietirr,'aild hlie:e'it,*
ly sheltir the Snow ilo'iisii:''' ' '''' ' "' ' -1 , ."' - '":
Z. 7;
l'er • • .141 . ....01 •
f. , • . 1711-,11/94:JaHlitf
It is inq,intention'to coxereacry elpge w th- a
gutls peicha 'heit l 4.potitritnuice ;whic h.the , exper.
ience of the English has shown to be perfectly prcr.
fitahle. l'huttequiPped, we.followibe-trtial of the
coast, seeking the open mater.:
; Gage there, if. nub a reward awaits us, we launch
ourlitilk boats, and bidding God speed us, embark
upon,itsywaters: [Applause.]. • • •
conildsion; Dr. Kure remarked that the msonr.
cm of thou'irhose philanthropy had' , Sued out the
r.elpedition, &Mudd be scrupulously -appropriated to
tthe . single object rilsearch., Bat it was not merely
a voyage of !tune. It appealed to the highest niter.
stoat scientific inquiry—but to Physical Geography,
especially... He iheretore liked them kir each co
irperationtas war due to the diameter of their learned
body, and the importance of the interests' which it
Rearmed to take under' ts chari,e.
KANE sat down amid continued applause:.
Ctinancritanrrics or GREAT bian . :—Tasso's coo.
vennnicin wan 'neither gay nar brilliant.
Dante. ,was either tactiinto or satirical.
Botler was silent or biting.
'Hogarth and,Swilt were very Absent minded in
eoinpany.
Milton was unsociable, and even irritable when
pmssed iota conversation.
Kirwan, though copious and eloquent in public
addresses, was meagre and dull in colloquial dis-
Course,
Virgil was heavy in conversation.
Chaucer'ssilence was more agreeable than his
conversation.
Dryden's conversation was slow and dull, his
humor saturnine and reserved..
Deacartet was silent in mixed company
Corneille in conve'ksation was so insipid that he
never filled in Wearying. He did not speak cor
rectly that language of which he was such a
master. '
Ben Johnion used to sit silent in company and
suck his wines and his humors.
. .
Southey was stiff, sedate, and wrapped up!in ap.
eestism.
Addison was good company with his intimate
friends, but in mixed company he preserved his
dignity by a stiff and reserved silence.
Junius was so modest mat he could scarcely
speak upon the most common subject wiihot a isuf
lusion of blushes.
Fox in conversation never flagged i` his anima
tion and variety were inexhaustible.
Dr. Bently was loquacious.
Grotius was talkative.
Goldsmith wrote lake an angel, and talked *like
poor Poll.
Burke was eminently entertaining, enthusiastic
"autleritertaining in conversation.
Curran was a convivial deity : he soared into ev
ery region and was at home in all.
Dr. Birch dreaded a pen as he did a torpedo;
but be could talk like running water.
Dr. Johnson wrote monotonoosty and pornier
mily, but in conversation his words were "lose and
sinewy ; and if his pistol missed fire, he knocked
down his antagonist with the butt of it.
Coleridge, in conversation, was full of actde.
neks and originality.
Leigh.flunt has been well termed the philoso
pher of Hope, and likened to a pleasant stream in
con versaiion.
Mr. Carlyle doubts, objects, and constantly de
mon!,
Fisher Ames was a powerful and effective ora
tor, and not the less distinguished in the social cir
cle. He possessed a fluent language, a vivid fancy
and a well stored memory.
La Fontain appeared heavy, crrarse and stupid ;
he could not speak and describe what be had just
seen, but then be was certainly the model of po.
etry.
AN AFTECTIONATS SPIRIT —We sometimes meet
with men who teem to think that any indulgence
in anaffoctionate feeling is.weakness. They will
retina from a journey and greet their families with
a distant r!ignity, and more among their children
with the.cold and lofty iplendor of an Iceberg sur
rounded by'its broken fragments. - There ib hardly
a irjoc? . .otinatoral sight on earth, than any one of
those families without a heart.. A twherhad better
extinguish' the boy'R e 3 es ihan to take away his
hean.„' " Who that has experienced the joys at
friendship, and knows, the worth of sympathy and
affection, would not rather lose all that is beautiful
in nature's scenery than to be lobbed of the' hidden
treasures of his heart I Who would not rather bury
his wife than bury his love for haul Who would
not rather follow his wife to the grave than to en •
tomb his • parinial Oflectinn I Chmish thea your
heart", bestallections.. Indulge in the warm and
gushing emotions - of filial, parental and fraternal
love. Think if nof ' weakness. God is love ;
love everybOdy, anireverytiling Mat is lovely.—
Teach your children to love . ; to love, the rose, the
robin ;to love their parents and their God. Let
be the studied object ,al :their _domestic culture to
give,them warm , hearts, ardent diet:none.. Bind
yUar,whole lamily.Mgether by these strong cords
you cannot-make them 'too •numerous. You van
nbt Make theM too strong. ,Religion ti , tove—tove
tddba—rove . to eft
Roar v KULP Pooa.-i-Bay- two glawtes •of ate
ntititdrryort five 'erinte" , 'elfh;'arn,,onriting - lo One
sear 6'536,64, oigani, one a flOrpiicii
meal, counting . apirt the; coarse of the -leaf• to 854
X l3; -keep a big drigwbiuk t morns at least
$l5 *nth' ofprrivitlionai end a iat - $5 AltOL
little ! 1 9*:c'f ' 44 1 '
Oix-blOrolo of flourOW banal
of sugar, one sack of cotlee;agood oncia-reopeer•
able dress, besides a-froolt4lor--,dasbaby, and a hall
rlottn.tildr shbee.knorapt ihinkofir.
Star the tlonk -
•,te •
ly in semi Jaques. •
mum
UM
Women and herret Lutur7.
The Sttimtlii:the Pet ankle. of 'dress. From 'a
time remote'cbeyrind iomputation: the sheep, ol
cashment have been .ctierished r ott- the bills, and
the goaiS of Thibitlintheii j laios,'end'ihe camels'
ot, Tanury on their steppes, to (witty msterials for
thee:6)o4 Attie's. From" time Immemorial ; the
patterns', which' We 'kilo* ao;well heye,been ,han&
ed down half secreiltreditionthriigh a /fin.
doo ances try, *MA even e s t -
, 1
Flume; For theesands of years have ~the
_bright
dies, WhiCh' are the despair of our sciences a nd
been glittering in India Inonis, leinase primitive
Pile ondeethe palni tree where the kaltittisieti!*
terns' grow, like', the 'wild dower springing from the
soil: For thousands of'yeensliive,iaitem Tinton
fates made -prersents of sfiatvlS r to distingOsheti.
strangers, together with dia'nien'asand Oath!:
'At this day When an Earitern knee sonde .gifts :
to European sovereign's; there are shawlsl6T'the„
value of thimsandi of pounds, logethei with feW i els;
perfumes, wild beasts and"Viduable' - heraes, pines .
Was done in the days the Pharaohs, as the paint.,
Inger:lli - Egyptian tombs shown. this day. Anil the
subjects of sovereigns have as much liking tot
shatils as any queen. At the 'lltissian court, lte . la,
dies judge one another by their as by their
diamonds. In France the tiridgroOm wins fain's'. by
a judicious gift of this kind. In Cairoind
cus, the gift of a shawl tvilleause almotit as 'Muck
heartibuming in harem as The introduction of a new
wile. In England, the daughter of - the lionse
spends the whole of het-Arid quatter'eallowance in,
the purchase of rr shavvt. The Paris grisette
London dressmaker 'go to their work with a little
shawl pinned neatly et' the waist. The old ',gin,
drinker covinell -her tags with the remnant of 'the
shawl of better days. The fariner'si 'daughter bays
n White cotton-Shawl, with a gay border, for her.
wedding ; and it washes 'end clyes,,thitil, having
wrapped all her babies in turn, it is finally dyed
, . ,
black to signalize her widowhood.
- The maiden.aind, growing elderly, takes to wear
ing a shawl in the home in mid-winter; and old
granny wool I no more think of going without it at
any season than without her cap. When son or
grandson comes home from travel, far or near, het
present is a new shawl, which she puts on with
deep consideration; parting with the old one with
a sigh. Tne Manchester or Birmingham factory
girls buys a gay shawl on credit, wears it on Sun.
days, puts in pawn on Monday morning, and takes
it on' again on Sanirday night, for another Sunday's
wear, and so on, until the has wasted money that
wonlit have bought her a good wardrobe. Thus,
from China round the world to Oregon, and from
the queen .loan to the pauper, is the She* - the
symbolof the woman's taste and condition. Whence
come all these shawlsi For it is clear that the !V'
ply Which arrives from Asia, over bleak continents
and wide oceans, can be only fur the tich andgreat
Some of the shawls from•Bokhara sell, in the mar.
ket of the Rutsian frontier, for two thousand four
hundred pounds. Whence come the limdred
thousand shawls that the women of Great Britain
purchase every year
Some of the richest that oar ladies wear are from
Lyons : and the French„fasie is so highly esteemed
that our principalirnannfacturers go to Lyons once
or twice a year for specimens and patterns. Some
of oro greatest ladies of all,, even the queen and
certain duchesseei' and coontesres offer to our chief
manufactorere a eight of their treasnres from India,
the Cashmere and other shawls, from a patriotic de
sire for the improvement of our English patterns
From these the maLufacturens of Norwich and
Paisley devise such beautiful things that, :but for
the unaccountable and unrivalled superiority ofthe
oriental. in the productimi of this particular article,
we should be all satisfaction and admiration. The
common cotton shawls continually lessening in
number, worn by women of the working classed,
are made at
,Manchester, and wherever the cotton
manufacture is instituted. In order to study the
production rot British shawls in perfection, 'one
should visit the No;wich and Paisley maniac
tories
If any article of dress zooid be immutable,
would be the shawl, deSigned fdr eternity in the
unchanging East; copied from patterns that are the
heirloom of a casde, and woven .by fatalists,, to be
worn by adorers of the ancient garments who re.
sent 'the idea, of the smallest change.. Yet has the
day airiired whiCh exhibila the manufacture of three
distinct kinds of shawls in Paisley. There is 'the
genuine woven shawl Avytt its Asiatic pattetns,.and
here is that whicit is called a shawl for ccnven
ience, but which has iibthing Asiatic 'about. it ; the
tartan...which name is given not only loth° cbecks
of divers colors, Which magnify so - eitiCk, to the
Scottish eye, ' , but , to aniiind of mixed, or mottled
co l ors a nd fabric—woven in squares or lengths to
cover the 'shoulders. The 'third kind is gutty mod.
ern ;'the showy, slight and elega nt ly printed shawl,
derived from Lyons, Andi now daily rising in favor.
,The•woven kind is theoblest in Paisley. The tar.
tan . kind was introduced from Stertingshire—will.
out injury to Sterlirtgqiire 7 rwhich tnake4 as many
'as ever, but ..to-the great benefit ot •Paisley. The
printed kind hai'lieen made abottt *ix Years, arid if
id by fat ihe.gteateit end 'itiost expanding main.:
.Tire most devoted, worshipers .tiff the gen.:
nine shawl can'herdly wondeittl: thls,"considerihe
the love:'nf Changti that inherent lit Whit :
dreas Widclind the iliffer'enee'hicost:, goikpißei .
shawl lattts•-e,quarter ...9 .
. :SustiPA r it..-4 Indiana vapor itapt that dttr.. -
ing a trial in , I;s1W iendepert; r i f Yotinglia ~lib Kee
caqe4.* a ..oo 6 ".
w"iisilie ,o ogvinii:4: 4 4 10244a iu stir herebe woWd
gait histoldi liet .Ho 41 , 4 e fappise/1 44 ivOutd
go all the li4eiti : '*oo6 • I " :
; I
:PYRPPF-rtgiltPcNll.t, • Is.) Op, edge, end paha. : a
•
iharticlerl it iszdur su:pi! , plinnoflte! , letlet 'ol
talent.' Chtlite:er
0n 16,4 000"i : . b 1 4 11 9P; 1 1 ) ) '6 44,44
late&
=EI
=
12=iM=1
MMPu =, . , . . , . . ,
6121
MI
ENE
K.. - ..1itc.0.1.c.4.1 .0 .3
11*111211halliteriatisti4 ,!'" _
'T he B° l 4, c?tPSP;it•Mketi,lo-5.1111.113 about
the 01t400004,P.0r10t'111x34r,b3"04104,3'in
tlt,s tats ii is 61iik;*dii: rhrce,
410 -6;iiipliks
tint , 4'1,4167'46U-,
Ithoit pieceepointtphYd'tiltidar efAtictiftligihtteut
oil at the.other.ohis bi done.' litA dirt 'ilhe
• .
stab. are then reit !tl i rtigh a, glacial - , and. each
point is intended' ieeeption, of the real pen
,pointsi,.. The nextlperaticul
the,lubstaricessed;fdrliointefe";,thOdleellltilktrd,
hritilemetal frktiteel,,enosidizabtlEhl ,
ineueloire wish tadirempanictiliria tiedP f
There - are various qualities etitotbrint4olllll2,
20, 'pan() ft dollen/sir ounce,' Ind Sir. Morton
told us he hadltifialeiren'ilit,lOr a superior quali
ry!,4l is kyuid ;41.,!0e 4pm •of flawkinuarforkleisted
efill...irri4umt.olo4l7kiltdzalisriirnll..,aiiidigin is
°IPA . 1 1 'Pm!. 4. 1 :1 RiP . LePti9l4l,olusil bet 1t0th.4,4PR11,101..b04,-Atliefratimisaspit
th.4,4PRII,101..b04,-Atliefratimisaspit es.
Uitgrif.§44Mc9nisiANlElkeirefirpaiatior
Russian BsSiaradt; ga that
Wete.PIFPAY Pf collikettier
seen,' some which : 4(k heen brought Arcen that usold
1 1 3,nd. is also 'found there,. pare, estwiatedmith
sinds, and requiring no ohetnic.slielOpultition. for
for:: its separation,. as in the platiuk,ores, OtAbe
Prat. Out gold seekers in Califormiebohldidireet
Moir
,tutemjeo, to this metalositit tir *taus
:43 than,. gold-,; •it ,is.of a white ..glaisp •eteeVieolor,
minute mtuniteb particles like sand; 'the
rpond globular pat iclesare ..the..bestifor;:paritt in
fact, out;o1 onelounceiot this metalipatbaprootone
soyentrettk:ottliegtadolfscan berisoi4Ahhareat , are
rejected., Ana paiticle rhodium ileoldegrat'ort
the iudented p9iut, oleach:atob.orgolilo-ihiraollier
is melody composeil,of gold, for urine it is igood,
ink soon corrodolifi,,and:therhodiorn , ipoint• drape
oil; this: is the ,catatlith poor puts-4141de( indif-
ierent makers.
Afier , the pen is pointed, , it - is rolled atiVklottoden
rollers withindenis in ih'eorto sato therlitsiossilln
til the stotwarer drawn mole itd ramie: leottlZ•iind
correct, thinness; the rolling Blew - Makes = the- gold
Morale.. Many, suppose that gold, peni elm! by &tett.
pointed, and we actually" had one rmpointed • ottr•
selves seven yeats ego, by getting itexchisnged for
a new one ; we paid Melon price, feeling. consci
ous, at that time, that our old pen had really a maw
point ptt upon it.. Bat old pelt& cannot be re-point
ed, for the heat employed to solder on the point,
renders the gold a? plastic as a piece of, tin
heat changes the relitive position 9f llio d ,OrPtati-Pi
the metalL'-ihnists thein eat, as ii vrere p and. rite
gold requires rollitig or hammerif;giaferwrards
givn.its elastiity 7 that springs? retridito,fm pens;
this is the ire'afot whipld.pens eanora be to point
ed. Some milk - ere do not hairline!
' dmii,petteaftp
being' rolled"Ohifr are never , so-good. Vier being
rolled they aie s 'i: . tit to the properformioa 4nitdtiog
die, then stamp ed with the name date Malierband
afterwards turned, op to the rounding quill. furs
This is done in the establishment above named en
a new and ingenious maChineOnietite4.by v'lr.
Morton, which makes a superior pen. Alter thit,
the point is slit with a thin soft copper then. revoly
jou with great vetocity ; the great speed iiiikes.ll:49
soft disc': cut the hard metal rhodium the go(d,, is
slit with another tritichine; therefore to ibUke slit
in each 'pen, it has to:undergo 'ties sperrittra, Tits
point is next igen:mil on a copper wheel re volving
at a high velocity ; this . is a very delicate operation',
and a goodurtig gets, hig,ti„wages„ , Meg, itkik t the . _
pens are stoned out;' Abat is, they are ground
doWn on the inside, and out by fine. Witer'Of Ayr
atones, by hand, err ri - benblt alon''gs' n Olriititi of
.water ; , the stones are long, thin, robritlith slips;
the pens have to be Operated co as To' mike Sae
part more thin than another, to give them the prop.
er spring ; they are them polished on Swift' resultw=
ing copper rollers, end eTterwards finlithet with
fine powder aid soft chamois skin. Thus to Mitki
a gold pen •ir undergoes twelve' . crptirratiotii - ',9ittet
or pens can be mitl___it-s k ith. less labor .l th'q soon
develops thelfiriie charaOteristiCsicientykifnier , '
lean.
• J..•
CLOBIC Joie —The foLowing•vene rableaellel
die joke paases'a ff armless tounil,l its Abe :years.
papers:
A physician took ik young student' to fliesa .
tient who was confined to his bed; 0 Sir,onita'4l
'ha physician to:the sick inah,• 44 you klini.,;hehn
imprudent, you_have ratan oysters."
The ,patient admitted Am- ,holhaiL :Ititorning
hprne, the, student,nsked the looter ho* be aliscova
erect that the man had eaten. oysters •
" Why," replied the 41.kgorpi.) saw. *it AMIN
grader the hod.",
.A fe'.1.43 - 0 1 aor ate.student.svaracnt di*
acme patient.,, , He !soon returned
!hat he had been, jr icked out et she iticsuatrefettellitig
the patient Ise had been inspcutlentot-beAUld
tirnsefle* ' : f.. , ' cr.r!
'• Horseflesh, you young J*: yulto 41q YQ9 , o ll err t i
cried the,4oesor,,_. . • ... ~„:„
Because, !sir, l !aw , a 1440 e *n0:4184 01; Kilo
raps under llt e ,
A recent writer alerts titOafteiB&s l
the .7i, , Cer „ titscorri:es fife, trrout, open ..- He itale f hit
is as impessitile for an ignorinoo: 'k P"'
• L i •.t I • J- • !i I. 1;k , .1 ;
CIOS&I ashl is foy rick oistet to kf"eo — abelk
•••,: - •. ,
ehal
Never Ingo e .anii bin itfen of &bite and feint"
per. - zNever offer ndvioftribaCiihditillSiiie Irani*/
:probability Grim being followed. . L ::=4l
• - • s
; • ,] t:.
tjii:tin"
is
~,°•,!"-P4111?q•luv
3
"llii*trong rtistring yet 'kribtrifi is old to tmcp,
• , .:;:i
string of oniOrit - ' • - •
MEE
c-Dinetent . sonada %Elva Vllf ifilrionli4tleitZ.
137:—.1caltto . dinner will nit'', ow* ilefirtife
moment, while a samara to retureinWA
from five to ten minuten.
' '` ' '4 ' -'- i,4 1=1 ....j . ,.
4.t44,,.-.,,,,,44.
‘,.._:,:,.,-;;:et..--;:,.-v.._
fig.
EU
MIMIII
V
_...:.~
cm=
M77!1
SE
j • . 11 ' I,
•
maim
I=