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TOWANDA:
Noucuiber 22, Ural.
3 : krfth fritat Rratatinuarg
E:NEDICT ARNOLD'S TREASON.
J LOSSING
T h e d e iletiot), of Arnold and his attempts to be
p,l.l tyest Point, and its depen
lICIeF, into :lie river of the British army, was
e ripened head id laenon which' had been fellter
-1 the Le.gatattute and the Camp for more than.
:ee year. The stern and diratiterested patriotism,
lach marshalled a belqglieting army around Bos
•;. and deviated, in solemn cooncil, the thirteen
a ln-American col. , thes to be Ireetniti I;.depend.
Galen, herame diluted by the Commingling o{
aotbitfluf. bead , t lluectr, Duehe, Galla
at. Zoley and other smaller traitois who, like
, e ,. wer e eo nra 2 enus when danger appealed re
e. tird bna,4ed n;e,r far the patriot
won the hour of its trial (tame, had denied
e: alleL:iar.t:e to 'heir new faith by words or deeds
~lisveCouniettattee to muldtudes of the weak,
an,( IPyrirwirjed, who openly e•tpottsed the
at the King.
'he contest advanced and the night of the
? r, !wine 21ew danker, ambitious men became
tdready, officer, and I:,E"if
-1:Ins had sec', erly phnerl a;:rinst the, good
~..1.5:,:ni0n,.8;1 I !crn , r,l abettors in rung tt.ss
howeter had nethinu to do , with these intru
il,,t!e made himeor,fi confidant. and
he sel
- Ili wi r ers Yet it kca, not until his
n a , vine, ;he' people. anji 'awn I; en
:lern ails! the ;;eetiest scrutiny or the
„,.,.c, r‘t toes officers in the lira thai the tactile' ,
wa: trea.ann it culm ironed
,• a hea , l,: iti l i f“ilif re it waned—it dis
gs f TpUrj'it.4, arm heitlihiPr action ensiled
'7'4 time when A mold's defection was di-cover
;•311'111nil 1 , 1 1780. was the aloorniet.l pert
11:the war. Pablin credit hail stink to the low.
mt n 1 distrust No prestige of a great achieve
, • ihe camp.itgo, 'like that of the capture
%:; ia3 roukl secure.loans from abroad. The
tyie of Aioetica were impoverished and ttiscuur
iF.: The whole business of .the conntry wascoti
e?t,y heartless speculatois. The continental
~.:.Ikl E 0 depreciated that seven huhdreil dollar's
for one dollar in s2ecie. 'The oover
tr:4lma.•l'iciiely of the contedetation worked
irr
•ridr. New York city, the irsrzinta seaboard,
•
r. demands sumo light toadies
pi,. u:e. EuYy, the baize of happi
-","-'• s: accompaniment of honors, wus
b., f e d ew tli•!ers. • The brilliancy of
3Cl.„ee!ipf.e,l theirsachicycniente,
es. the jezilow. excitril the: eby
not very -- remote .Cau*e-' of h[o
At the ont..ei, whi.r.,..in'corolittny with
fay A.:en. tie as.ri.ned in the capon.° of Ticotitt•
I •`- ag•°•ved ihe 'seeming neglect if
a...1v - tune, of Connalieut and Ittissactim
" I. ` the fiep years hiteceeding, 41°41
•a•.ll,ces.ol neglect °marred, and tile-tulles were
• ''•' ll Y PluceLi in the way of advancement and
) 41`, 4 4 1 .ty , by those %till) hoped to shine in "proPor
1° the wan in , . tit his fame , . The very men who
against Washington, _were, prbrni•
to Arnolol and that officer saw
' i ' 3 l l t! far "las - tice, rOal or .phxdowy,-at . thO hands
;:e - = f tv. l / 2 1 . 1 Ira's ae. rifc thcp.Xs-irlth4
4. , e. !vote on-.P Cand;ll:l , :atid
ere fv•••-•s-i,.. if :lie enemy, anj the Frel:el,
70;e id , r RA"rw,beati. whose" adv Pill :zuve s.ich
,A;11,14, 'AN L
3' I ;,. ••
/
.0 ei.;:.oge in a carripa4ri
bp - 4:11 1. , too , ir.w of ilk weilkoess Slid ki {AI
7.1.1 sotp , ol the un ' er ruin Of hit; courili!. • for the
'r,, f P U T 'v2 ratifying ! petty 'spite ; for the
of paltry, perishing gold !
Ai.ala teal malcly ivraked and treacherous.=
'7!! mother whO bore him was an exemplar of pie
r I sweetness of character, and daily cautioned
e- 4 wor,!s of heavenly - wisdom. Yet,
a ;!,e eat lest childhood he was waywar<l.,diso
,itat, reckless am! profane. A-stranger to physi
'nr. a, I a' .sir, het lleF•s of the consequences
"IV:1011, ill, were ever teaiy
to
of a pee7i'll ' , mire; or the impulses ot
1: ilea the i
L icsitf Freedom was
> ord, hos,„impetu
i in: w . a•ot-c:l, atiu hisjeetings assumed
tic*. . He was
C' al. inlo the contest with a
e trick the surges of
anti higher
. •01 h.n country. Ills brave es
; I is wondrous - journey
tre tv.l .t'6, i l prn the Nent:ebeek to the
7t=4.1111• on the caponl of the
ad. L., haut deeds atl.lkeigefteld,
eXz•Veti tIIQ astoriishment and
, •1 con .nymen. Congress a :yarded
d f.ame eI Artiola vt as a
=I
I . t Liar:weed. As a soldier and
!hr t--area of the brave, sk.Lful and
swtal felnuons he w:ts a Mot'.
t*:?, and debased
hr trii!itary gen u* bu:
arid profligacy. He tv4s
~:r• ~ f. p atrio'ism, because he lacked the
f 1 - .4t rhino, ozecipt personal
a.:e H. by the leading men in
rmy. h. 'he rolaT:'elt.,l %Koh hies pet.ro t and W:-13
"wvel t.lwards h:s suhaidMales. 1116 'avarice
- :Marley is ihel man's God, and in
ri ?nf''lret of of d, Iv. would giclifice his comitty,"
C B'rr.v:i in a laud-bill, !almost tour years
.1 '-t ‘!ectirrn.., From hour " hen
!L, Lltri at Nleitheal and Si.
vitetm.la:.ar i of 1.14 command at Philadelphia he
y of pet . t.:..eav l s, Iraudulerit arf`d un north}'
!ir.!146 lustre of his proutlini!ilary
a!, n'or ito
army. With contracted vision he beheld, in the
conduct`of its ['conical representatives, the
.ingrati
etude and injustice of his cannily ; and the hatred
which he fostered for the few was extended to the
cause of which they were accredited supporters.—
This leering and the hope of pecuniary reward by
which he might relieve himself of heavy and in.
creasing embarrassMents, exiingoished his patriot
ism, and beckoned him to the bad pre•em _ inerce of
a mercenary traitor.
In crinsequence of abed wound received in his
leg while gallantly fighting at Saratoga, (and which
was yet tuthealed,) Arnold was not fit for active
service When the British evactuated Philadelphia in
the Spring of 1778, Washineton f desirous of keep,
lug him employed, appointed Win military 'Gov
enter of that city, in command of a small corps of
soldiers. Fond of show and feeling the import.
ante of his station,'Arnold adopted a style of living
incompatibli3 with his resources and the character
of a Republican. He made the fine old Mansion
of William Penn his residerre ; kept recoach and
four; gave splendid soirees and banquets, and
charmed the gayer portion of Philadelphia society
with his princely displays. -Hts' etation, and the
splendor of his equip; age captivated the daughter
of Edward Shipper, a, leading loyalist., and after.
wards Chief Justice of the State: Her beauty and
her aceninplishments won the trait of the widow
er of forty. She had bloorniel but eighteen sum
mers, and admirers of every degree coveted her
smites, yet she gyve her hand to Arnold and they
were married Staunch Whigs sholik their heads
is distrum, and the equally staunch loyalists
.were
gratified. , To the former this union augured of
evil ;to the latter it had promises of hope. Both
weie right iutezpieters.
Ar mild's. extravagance soon . brought importunate
creditors to his door. Rather than retrench-his ex
pieises, he obtained.rneecy by a system of fraud
and prostitution of his official power. The city be
iiie tooter inaoial law, his power was Mlpeerne
Be forbade shopkeepers selling certain articles, and
ib ea through agents he trafficlAd u, thoi, v e ry ar
nets,. mind sole them at enormous prices. The peo
ple were iticen.ed ; and a depntation went before
the President and council of PelniS3lvai i ia;a n d pre•
terred charges egaitist him. These were laid be
fore,Countess and that body refereed the whole
matt:r to Washington, to be a rjuilicated by a mili
tary tribunal
After a delay 8f mote than a year Arnold was
'tried and found fetidly of two of tour charges pre
ferred against him. The court pronounced the
mildest sentence to its power, a reete reprimand
by the Commander-hi-chief. Washington perform
ed :he ..y with the greatest delicacy. " Our pro
lessitlTl," said he, "is the chastest of all. L i :Veil
:he Oa low of a fault tarnishes the lustre of our fi•
rest achievements. "I lie feast inadvertatice may
r public favor. so !laid In he acriun ed. I
rep.iniand you for having forgotten that in liropor•
- lio n as you have rendered yourself lormidable . to
our enemies, you should have been guarded and
temperate in your deportment toward your fellow
citizens. Exhibit anew those noble qualities which
have placed you on the list of our most valuedcom
wanders. .1 will myself furnish you, as far as may
be in my power, with opportunities.ql regaining the
esteem of your country. 3
What punishmentcould have been ;lighter ? Yet
Arnold was greatly irritated. lii had anticipated a
full acqeittill, and a triumphant vindication of his
honor. Even this slight punishment de l eply wound
ed his pride, and instead of receiving in with the
generous feelings of true honor and- dignity he re
sented it as a meditated wrong. The rank weed of
(mast . '" was already groWing haul iantly in his heart,
fur he had been for nine mouths in secret cones
pmidenee with the ,euemy in New Yolk ! now it
tilnortect ; and its fruit expanded under the genial
Beat of Intense hatred, fed by Mortified pride, foiled
aught:tun, the pressuio of etntiVressraents, the wan:
of employment, intereoMse with loyalists, and a
sc(rite of public injustice.
t,lit•
%%let: the great fate„ called the Itlischianaza was
given in Pi p.i la niadel in honor of General Sir Wil•
ham Hoe e, in honor of his departure from Ameri:
ea in.the String of 1778, Captain Joha Andre was,
the most active andtalented officer engaged in its
preparation. He was a wit, a poet and a painter.
Thwarted in an ertgagerricnt of marriage with the
%%tanning Honora Sney-,1, by the unwise scrup!es of
her lather, on account.of the - suitor's youth and ob
scurity, Andre pliced in his t?osOITI the miniature of
his irlol, painted by his ownitands, joined the array,
and came to America to seek. in the excitement of
the camp, an alleviation of stifferings inflicted' by
disappointed love Be landed in Cretaria ; was
captured at St John's oii 'the Sorel where he saved
the picture. of Horiora by concealing it ht his month;
was taken. to Pennsylvania ; was exchanged and
li-rally rejoined the army in Nei . k.
Amon:: the young ladies of Philadelphia Who
graced the Mricleianza, Was-the rzay and -brilliant
/Margaret Shippen, who utterwards became the
wile of Arnold. Andre was a frequent guest ai her
father's tattle; and Itiar;,aret continued heranqtraint
aure lain, by the epistle, even after her mar
riage. Thiough this channel her husband opened
a eorresiirmilerree with Sir Henry Clinton, the
Comniander-in-chief of the 'British forces in Amer'.
ca, and quartered in the city of Nov York. Fur a
time Arnold's. letters were vague. His advances
were slo s and eantiouc. Its assumed •the -name
at Gusta - cua.'finil enriched liters rn carnnlerci: ll
plaaAei noloynd secrecy wits obtained by both
Ai-116111's wife, it is .6t;lievett. was• ig,tiorant .of the
ti'm Intent 01 her husband's. letters, and Clinton
had no oilier confidant than Andre atid Col.Beier
ty Robins in L The latter was— tha ruin
Fredrieli Ptidtili one of the largestlifildhelders
in Am:erica. years ago bUfore,,*isiiing,.
Lao, then a Virgin.n'Colonel, had enjoyed the hos
: pitulitiea of his tiouso;ind thert•became enamored
bt'llaty Philiiprire l ,'fbrAettor held of Rogei MerriS,
• lip oW co;rlllo"ma i liiiirrriri'in She MFlon
' Vi 4 hei a - Of 14.fitr.5:111S4FOil. - vast)rejeetedy mitt the
young soldier gave his heart and hand to arbent-
PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY AT TOWANDA, BRADFORD COUNTY, PA., BY E. O'NEA.RA GOODRICH.
Ill'iMMM1:1
MEI
" ItiOAIR.DLESS OP DESIINCIATIOR PILOY ANY QUAP:aat."
fag' widow of his own province. Robinson had an
extensive acquaintance among the American offi
cers. Its early espoused the patriot eanse, even
as early as the era oldie stamp act; but when the
declaration of Independence was promulgated, he
was unwilling to accede to so bold a measure as
he dismemberment of the Brinish Empire, and he
took up arms for the King.
West Point on the Hudson, fifty miles above
Neri York, made strong by nature, strengthened
by art, was an object of covetous desire to Sir Hen.
ry Clinton. It wee the key to the northern country
and the route to Canada, and the strong link of co
operltion between the patnots of the gastern ardl
Mid' le States. Arnold knew its valno to both par
tiesand ho resolved to make this betrayal eqniva
lent for personal honors, and a large sum of money.
- When his determination was ;Cued, and his plans
arranged, his deportment wax suddenly changed:
Hitherto he had been sullen and indifferent ; now
his patriotism glowed with all the apparan I ardor
of his earlier career. Millen° he bad pleaded the
bad state of his wounds as an excuse >for inaction;
now they healed tartidly.
He was now :intim to join his old companions
in arms, and to General Schuyler, Robert IL Liv
ingston, and other influential nten in Congress, he
expressed his impatience to be in the camp or the
field. Rejoiced at the ohangb,
: arid. believing him
to be 24incere, they wrote letters to Washington
commendatory of Arnold, and; in pursuance of his
intimation, suggested his appointment to the coin
mend of West Point. At the same time Arnold
visited the camp to pay his respects to the Cekr.
mander.in-Chief, and expressed his desire to have
a command, like that at West Point, for his wounds
would not allow him to perform active serviciel on
horseback in the field. Washington was surprised;
btu, unsuspicious of wrong, acceded to his request,
and on the 3d of August, 17fte, gave him written
instructions. His command included. West Point
and its dependencies, from Stony Point to Fish
• k ill,
Upon a fertile plateau, high above the river and
at the foot of a range of lolly hills, nearly opposite
West Point was the confiscated country seat of
Colonel Beverly Robinson, a spacions mansion for
the times, and now a pleasant residence. There
Arnold established his quarters, and elaborated hls
wicked scheme', and there he was joined by his
wife and infant son, when hisplans were ripe, and
his treason almost consummated.
It was a part of Washington's plan for the au.
num' campaign; to make an attack open the city of
New York, with the combined French and Ameri
can forces : the former to approach by the way of
Long Island, and the other by crossing. Kingsbridge,
at the head ol York or Manhattan Islnd. Arnold
communicated the deteds'of this plait to Sir Hen
ry Clinton, and proposed that when the assailants
approached, a large British force should proceed
up tic Iludson to the Highlands in a flotilla under
Admiral Rodney, when the traitor should surrender
West Point and its dependencies, excusing himself
with a plea of a weak garrison. The anticipated
result was a retreat of Washinston toward the High
lands to regain the fortress and save his ample
stores and the probable, capture of the French ar
my. .
Sir Henry Chinon was delighted -with the plan,
and eagerly sought to carry it out. Hitherto he
was not certified of 'the real name and character of
Gustavus, although for some months he had sus
peeled him to be Gen. Arnold.. Utiwilbrig, to pro
ceed further upon uncertainties, ho proposed send
ing an officer to some point near the American
lines to have a personal interview with his corms_
gondent. Arnold consented, and insisted that young
Andre, then the Adjutant General of the Brit's!' ar m
my, and high in the confidence of Sir Henry Clin
ton should be the officer sent. They agreed to
meet at Dubb's Ferry upon the Neutral Ground,
some twenty miles above New York. Thither An
e, accompanied by Colonel Rubinson, proceeded;
but the vigilance of the Blitish water guald prevent
ed the approach of Arnold, and the conference
was deferred.
Sir Henry Clinton, anxious to effect definite ar
rangements with Arnold eini,t the Vulture sloop of
war up the river as far as Teller's Point, nearly
opposite Haverstraw, with Colonel Robinson on
beard. The officer under pretense of making in
quiries respecting his confiscated property commu
nicated with Arnold, who, in an .anibiguous an
swer, informed him that a flag and boat would be
sent to the Vulture, on the night of the twentieth,
to be used as circumstances might reqnire. This
'art was communicated to Clinton, and on the
triornitry, of that day, Major Andre alter sitigiwz
acing and taking wine-with some fellow -officers at
- Kipp's Boy, proceeded to Dobb's ferry, rut! Troth
thence in a barge to the Vulture. Ile was instruct
ell to chant , his dress, not go within the American
lines, receiving papers, or in any way act es espy.
It WAS supposed that Arnold himself would ,come
to the Vulture L atul that there the whole plan would
be a'rranged.: The wily general `was not to be
caught, and lie chose a meeting place which in
olved less personal hazard.
About hall way between Stony Peint and Haver
straw, Jut=htla Mel Sriiith, a brother of the
Tory Chief Justice of New York. To his house
Arnold repaired and employed -him to proceed to
Ike Vulture at nig,hrend bring a gentlemen to the
western shore of the Hudson. Smith was an active
man; of considerable influence in his neighbor
hood, and is supposed-to have been the dope, not
the voJtvitat'y aid of Arnold iii his treasonable prep
araioas, Unable to proare o a rsmen, Smith did
not proceed to the' Vulture until the night of the
twenty-lirsi, A. 4 soon as the moon went down, tie
glided silently out al Haverstraw creek, mtifficd
oast, and at a little past, midnight reached the vesr
Set atichnred is the Middle of the river. It was
a ,eisrene, starry. trig 1.1, and not a ripple was upon
the bo_serw 0, ifis Waters. Cautiously lienpprofteh
ed itt# Vultui e • i 4114 by Prtpiti.:4gtial obtained ad-'
trussioil. on his. oarsman: waited but a few
minutes when Smith „accompanied by- --a,
1, 1
officee'descended i.nto the boat. The latter was
dressed in a
.scarlet, uniform of the royal army,
but all was .covrired with a long blue surtout • but
toned to the &OM, and a plaih cocked hat covered
his head. Not a wbrd was spoken as they moved
noiselessly toward a"tteep shaded estuary at the
loot of Long Clove Mountain, a little below Haver
straw. Smith led the officer in the gloom, to a
thie-tret near, by and there, in a low whisper / intro_
•anced John Anderson ( the name assumed by
Major Andre, in his correspondence) to , Gen. Ar
nold and then retired. The conspirators were left
alone. There in thedOp shadows of night, con
cealed from human cognizance, they discussed
their dark plans and plotted . the utter ruin of the
patriot cause. There the arch traitor, eager for the
coveted gold or a royal purchaser, hi,ggled with the 1
king's broker about the price of his infamy ; there
the perjured recusant, satisfied with the word of
a honest man par he dared not except 4 written i
bond), " sold his birtb-rigle for a.,suese of pot-
tap.
The bout of dawn approached and their confer- .
ence was not ended. ,Sraith cane, and urged the
necessity for baste, for the water guard would soon
be on the alert, and it would be difficult to return
to the Vienne. Much was yet . lobe done, and An
dre reluctantly consented to. accompany Arnold to
Smitn'e house, nearly four miles distant and await
the darkness of another night to return to theves-
I set. Expecting a protraCted interview, Arnold had
brought two. horses with him. While it was yet
dark they mounted, and as they passed in the rear
of Haverstraw, in the dim twilight of earliest dawn
the voice of a sentinel gave Andre the first intima
tion that ho was within the Ametican lines. He
preceived the danger, bet it was too late to recede.
They reached Smith's house before sunrise, and at
that moment the boom of a Cannon came up from
the bosom of the bay. Several charges quickly sue- -
ceedetleach other, and eoon the Vulture, galled by
an iron four pounder upon Teller's Point, weighed'
anchor, and dropped down the river beyond 'the
vi,ion of the conspirators. Deep inquietude stir
red the soul of Andre. He Was within the enemy's
line, without a flag or pass. If detected, he would
be called a spy—a name he hated as much as that
oftraitor.. The ingenious sophistry of Arnold allay.
ed his apprehensions, and in an upper room of
Smith's house, the plan of the operators was deter
mined, and there Andre passed a:day of great soli
tude The plan wassimple. Washington had roe
to Hartford to confer with the Frerichs officers. It
was agreed to crmsumate the scheme during the ab
sence of the Commander-in-chief, instead of wait
mg for the uncertain movements of the armies.—
The garrison at West Point was to be weakened by
1 dii-persion, and Clinton was to sail up the river wi:11
a strong truce and take.possessirrn.
1 ,At noon, the whole plan being arranged, Arnr.ld
placed in Ander's possession several papers, ex plan.
ntory of the condition of West Point and its depen
deuce. Zealous in the service of the kin; and cour t .
try, Andre disobeyed the commando of his General,
and received them. Al Amiable suggeseions,he
placed them in his stockings ender his teet, an , d
re
ceiving, the following pia from the traitor, waited
patiently the approach of night:
4 .l3stn (4trA UTE
all,
Robinson's House, Sept. 22, 1780. I
Perntlit Mr. John Anderson to pass the grounds
to the White Plains or below if he chooses, be be
ing on public business by my direction.
B. ARNOLD. M. Gen." ,
Fully Eiclievinp, that no obstacle now interposed
in the way of MlecesA, Arnold prepared for the re
l'eptinn ut Rodney's flotilla with a strong force en
der Clinton., Pretending that it needed repairing,
a link from the great iron chitin which spurned the
lltal nn at . West Point, was taken out and sent to
the smith, and the garrison at Furt Clinton, on the
twin!, was weakened by scattering the troops in
detachment among the the several redoubts in the
'neinry. Colonel Lamb, who'commanded the gar
wonderad at the movement, but did not ',lis
p •ct his chief. So skillfully had Arnold managed
in his plans. that no suspicion of his defection was
abroad; and Washington held his conference with
n.., hanibcati and Terney, satisfied that West Pnint
wac in safe hands.
When night approached Smith positively refused
to convey Andre back to Vulture, but offered to
accompany him lo the borders of the Neutral
ground on the east side Hudson. Andre rennin•
traced to veil Ile chanted his nnilorm fora eitr
,zen's dress, and accompanied by a negro secant,
Smith and Andre crossed King's Ferry,.(tiow Ver
plarick . b Point.) anl turned their flees toward White
r.l ink Andre was moody, for he felt'. uneasy.—
They mat With no interruption until near the little
village of Cmmpon4, eight miles from 'King's Ferry,
when they were hailed'by a sentinel. Arnoldts pass
was examined, known to'be genuine and the tray.
eller* were ebo'ut to pitman when die officer of the
post magnified thia datigera of the road, and person&
ed them to halt for the night. Sleep was a stran
ger to the eyes of Ander, and at .dawn they were in
tare satiate. When they approached Pine Bridge,
and he was assured that he was on neutral ground,
beyond the American lines, his gloomy tasjturnity
exchanged for cheerful garrulity, and he conversed
in an almost playlul manner upon poetry, the arts,.
titeratdre, and common topics. AlPda above the
bridge. Smith handed him a small sum of Continen•
tad hills, and they. parted, the former to proceed to
Arnold'. quarters and report his success, the latter
to hasten toward New York. Andre, being whither
the Cownnys* were more numerous on the Tarry-
*The Cow-ants were a set of people mostly, if
not wholly refugees, belonging to the British side,
and engaged in plundering cattle near the lines and
driving them to New - York. Their name indicates
their vocation. There was another description of
baudicti called SsiNstas, who lived for the most
part within the American lines, and professed at
tachment to gio American cause; but in reality they
were_haore unprincipled, peindions. and inhuman,
than the Crov-bOys themselves; for these latter ex
hibited "some symptoins of Pllow,feFling for their
friends iheretis the,skinifirs coniroftted their .4p
redai,fOni
• 11y a' law rethi lEttaie'of DreitrYorlt.eiro'ry person
ref ,stns to Wie atioath.of fidelity to thelltate,
MI
town roadoook that . direction, 'contrary to the ad
vice ofSmith and others, who directed him to pro
ceed by the way of White Plains. Andre was anx
ious to be among his friends, and as these marau
ders were such, heconcluded that the Tarrytown
road would be safe fur him; if tie fell into their
hands, he would be taken to New York whither he
was hastening. This - was the fetal mistake.
On the morning when Andre lett Pine's Bridge,
a little band of seven young volunteers, went out
near Tarrytown to watch the movements of the Cow
boys and other depredators. • Four of them (John
York, John Dean, James Roinent and Abraham
Williams) agreed to, tarry upon' shill which com
manded an extensive view of the highway, white
the remaining three, (John Paulding, Isaac Van
Wert,, and David Williams,) were to be voncealed
in the bushes on the banks. eta little stream, near
th road. At ten o'clock in the morning; whit:vete
gaged in playing cards, the young men saw a horse
man, approached from toct direction Sleepy Willow.
They conftonted him, and demanded a knowledge
of his business and destination. " I hope, gentle.
men, that y_eg being of our.party,".said the travel-
ler. • " What party I" inquired W illiams, who pre
sented his firelock to his breast.. "Tree lower par
ty," (meaning the Britiele) quickly replied the
horseman. " I am a British officer out upon urgent
timidness. I hope you will not detain me a minute."
He was ordered to dismount, when he instantly
discovered his fatal mistake. "My Gull he ex
claimed, half laughing, " we must do any thing to
get along; - ' and then showing them: Arnold's pass,
for thitmvellet was Major Andre. The young mil
itia men were not as easily satisfied as- the sentinel
at Crompond. They insisted upon 'eehichitig him
They made him strip; ripped up the housings of
his saddle, and filially ordered him to pull off his
boots. He reluctantly obeyed, and. beneath his feel
were the papers giveti him by Arnold.
Andre offered his captors tentpiutg bribes of
money and murchandize, if they would allow him
to pass on, but their patriotism' was too dear to be
bought with a price. They conducted hint to the
quarters of Colonel Jameson, at North Castle, the
nearest post, and delivered him up. That officer
with obtuseness of percept nit must extraordinary,
resolved to send him immediately tw General s'ir•
nolll.l Maj Tallmatlee, with better judgment, WW-
I ly expressed his belief that Arnold was a traitor,
and finally ihduced Jameson to send the prisoner to
Colonel Sheldon's quarters at North Salem, until
more should , be known respecting hen, for, they
had no suspicion of the rank, and character of the
' young mania their custody. Jameson, however,
would not suspect the fidelity. of his General, and
actually sent a letter to itiform him that a Mr John
Anderson was a prisoner in his bands.
On the morning of the 24th September, day fix
ed upon by the-conspirator_ for the surrender of the
Fort, Washingrou returned hum !fanfold. It war'
two days earlier than Arnold expected him. The
traitor was astounded when a messenger rode up a
Bale after sunrise, and announced the intention of
ore Commander-in chief to breakfast with him.
Oa approaching Arnold's quarters, Washington di
rected La Fayette and Hamilton, who were with
him to go on and breakfast with Mrs. Arnold, while
he turned down a lane to the river to inspect a re
doubt upon the batik.
Arnold and his guest were at breakfast ii-hen a
messenger came in barn* with a letter for the Gen
eral. H W 2 -8 from Jamison, annoutwing the ar
rest of Andre, instead of the'e:ePectecl intelligence
that the enemy was roceli,n4 ert the river. Agee'
ted, but not sufficiently to excite the special notice
of his guests, he arose , from the table, hastened to
the room of his et ire, kissed his sleeping b a be aiid ,
' letting his spouse in hi, !untied it' aids that the)
must pad, perhaps forever, left her in a swouli.
mounted the horse of one of his aids standing a•
the door, dashed across the fields and &twit% de
clivity to a narrow pathway on the borders of a ma
ra , ri to a dock built by C.d. !Lib lIISOII 2.:1:1 lit 0 W
himself in hie barge, nerved the oarsmen with
premises of large tee arils of rem and money fug
sus Hitless ol speed, and was soon sweeping thion4!,
the race at Fort Mane:ornery. Ttie old dock fi ore
whence the traitor escaped, Is still there, bat the
Hudson River Railway has spanned the mouth of
the Swale, and cleft the tricky pint, so that !idle ol
the originsi feareres of the scenery remain. •
Washington went over to West Point b efore
. go
ing to Arrolirs quarters. Ile was eurplised wheii
informed by Lamb that the General hail not been at
the gal rieon fur two daya Ile rectossed the river.
arid when he appMached Robinsoti's lieuse,Harnd
ton, greatly excited, met hint and revealed the
dreadful secret at • Arnold's gnat land eight. his
guilt was male manifest by the nuke' of klie
pens taken from Andre, and his flight corihrnied
the dark tale which they' unfolded. %Vali these
papers came a letter from Amite, frankly. rtxou in,
considered as forfeiting his pfoperty. The large
territory between the American and British
attending litany thirty miles flora north to south,
abd einbracittg Westchester county. was populous
and highly cultivated. This was the famous Neu
tnil Ground. A person living within that space,
who took the oath of fidelity, was sure to be pion
dered by the Cow-boys: and if he did not take it;
the Skinners could come down upon him, call him
a Tory, and
, selie his properly as confiscated by the
State. Thus the execution of the laws was assum
ed by robbers, and the innot.ent and the guilty were
involved in a common ruin.
It is true the civil authority endeavored to crud
against these outrages. as far as it could, by legis
lative enactments, , •anti:exenuttve`pro. lama bias;
tint from the nature of the case, this formidal4e con
spiracy arainSt -the rights and claims isf hionanity
could be crushed by a military arm. The detach
ments of Continental teoups and militia stationed
near the lines, thd something to le,sea the evil;
yet they were not adequate to its suppression, and
frequently this force was so feeble as not to afford
any barrier against the inroads of the banditti.—
The Skinners and Ceiw-boys often leagued together.
The former would sell their plunder to the liner,
taking in exchange contraband art.iclea from New
York. It was, pot uncommon for the farce
,of a
skirmish to be acted, r.car the A nericari lices, is
which the Skinners never failed to come rietatioim,
and then they would.go boldly Itttuthe interior with
11/eli booty, .pretending it.had hero captor if from
the enemy, while
,attentotug to smuggle it acrubs
the Imes. Nporks.
=I
IMRE
his name and character. "Whom can "ye hu,t
now - Vs:Lid the chief with ealitine,- , , while
of the deepest sorrow %%ere evidently al work it
hishoiorn, as he laid befora llarnrJtequ
arid Knox the evidence, of tie•a,on.
The cortdillon of Mrs. Arnohi v7,c,rib
ton's liveliest syrni.an.y. Volt COn year A
and not two a bride, the young ereature tt_r_orr.-
cd a blow of the inor,t al>i>allL ninnif*. ts lA' -
ed furiuu-ly and riroarro.,l tt:vely.
The tenderest care was bestowed u;et sr..l
She was Pow sent in sahrty to New York, yr bother
her !alien Ku-baud Karl e-etr i tcd.
Pursuit of Lie traito; was anartirOlig. Ile lord
four hours the start. The N'ulture was )et 'prig
before Teller's Point, awaiting the return c , 111a 4 „.'
Andre, and tuher bulwarks Arnold escaped.
proceeded to New York that erelong, and
ry Clinton, iufurined of the iariute of the si her 4,
was unwilling to hazard an attack upon thethe
Lard fortresses, now that the palL lute were , L0N0 , e,.1.-
ly awake.
The main body of the American army was ty
qei;iat oil the went or . t 1.0.!
near the Tmet. , ent terin;:tus of the N..ivv 1 rk alit!
Erie Itiilroad. 'Thither Ant:re wtei ccinve)ed aher
being brought to W.'est in a Ptorle house,
near ihe Commituder-iii ‘i as t-ttu...,;:y
guarded. On the 29th of Septiu.itir, x CCU I t
was convened near by, fir hi: , trial ; and, aher
a patient invest - v.:anon, it being prove.t, and
fosse(' by the prisoner himself, ti,at he was in the
American lines (though not volant trily) without
a flag. they gtiveit 2s then' mointon tthlt he of gtif
to suffer treath ae a ,py. All hea'r'S *The alive
with sympathy for the condeo mid. 11'4!.!
would gladly have saved his bit the f.t.ot ,ct
mands of the. cruel an I Ul:c0:11:•ITUT.: , ::,.4 fl
war, denied the yet:l:hos of tne.cy, an.'. the C-in
mandec-in-chief was oldiged to hi, tit-a
rant, He was 6elitellcts.3 ti.) be ha.:g on after
nova CI the in of Ociober
Andre exhibited no tear o' death. I:o the last
the workinzs of his genius oil Oa
the morning of the day appoinic.l hi , exc., c:icri,
he sketched a :tkeressis df hirnsclt wi arm] ;:it
and conversed cheertnlty wile those inuUTI Line
upon the pleasures of pain . ings and ei a fs.
Bet the Manner of his death eks•iiibe'al hte +T it?
He pleaded earnestly to be shut as a soldierrit
hung as a spy. But even this poor boon cn tl.t tot
be :allowed, for the rules of war element led deale
by the co?tl and not by the bullet. His exec:lt:Fli
was delayed one day in consequence of the
intei
cession of Sir Henry Clinton, and a hope that Ai.
nold ri:„ . lht •be obtained and sille•
softer in his stead. -All was unavailiniz.
Andre, in the bloom of manhood, was it i.l
Tappau on the second of October, 178", at t,.c a2es
of twenty nine years.
The yonth, - accomplishments, a. 1,1 go.nitoness
manners Of their.young soldier eneleatcd him to an,
and his fate was deeply reffl'e!'e3 on 11.0!, s id es of
the A .lan'ic. His k6e, caned a mural moni:neii t
of ele2Ant elevi,7e, to be erected to, hi,: IlletT.. , •y
Westminster Abbey; and ih 1831, the Duke of
had his remains removed from Taii,eao 1 take:.
to London, where they now repose beneall fits
marble memmial, aTrarl:4 those of many heroes:end
poets of old Eriglvel. A bah, of me tar :holy
Sweetn s :surroundslhe name and character of the
unfortunate youth; which mit eases in glory wilt
the flight ofti.me
eta 'l4ra (lttalleCP‘l.llll, ,rce yea ' , err
thousand ,guineas from - the Bullish ticastny, and
the Comm isioa of a bri.;adicr (tom the ffe
s' ved his neiv magler f i idt tde sp: ,
of a demon he de.nlit e sxo t!:-.)
bedittoint coutitty near the rio,n.h of the Tl.aittes.
Connecticul, :Cultist to rjg it 61 ide toot v. f ; ;;r1
vired his ; wid w hitu„l,uttrnted he
sptead at run!. to ceN er.: (.1 h.-
uion the 131.4inta shotes of the CThesa3knike. and
aloaz the kr , :!e borders of
ox, Hated and deSpiiP s d 11 l hi, corr , p. o ii' rt
arms, and it at I d an! corder. a d 'ne-4
after the tt ar, Arnold became as otri...ts: Cato,
and tike tic found no place for repenitinvo,
;bough he t:0h,.1..t wi h tr.r.trs f ,lien
in 05,:euti'v ui roe 1.1rou,•11 trietroi , ol.-. in IFO I , inii
who know- t h e place of hid tz-ave!
The tapir Co of Ante wew hi-2.!dy apt by
.he people and behoved mil rewarded by Cair:tivs.v.
Ilia' body awatd .d id. o.tidi si.lur Ii edit!, having
0 1 cue site the word Ftlit.t.trv, and on the oilier
'Tacit Allou "me dove of country con.
timers." They were ai.o altoweti each an tomcat
version r bundred doltatt, cturiou their live'.
'Public esteem her titer ,ery Lan erected monii
ftleniS over tiie - teinams ot two of ;Item. Pauld.
ing's mortality sleeps beneauti u chasne marble cent,
in the Old S: I'nter's .;hare's yard, two miles
k..
east at Pee.kill ; and over the dust cl Van %Vert,
in the Greet btuct church yard near the franks of the
heautitnl Nepal a,'in \V estchester county, stands a
plain Monument of White Marble. The lot mer
i.vau erected by the corporation ot the city of New
Yink the latter the ci.izens of \l'estchetiter
coun•y• No public memorial yet marks tits place
of rest of David iti the chuicii yard at
Livingstonvild., nt Scholiarie con dy.
fta 11..,;(n - an..l ciivors, pt J.es and
ext•cu.tober, Laic I. 1
es air, keen eye 1114.,tian tray
1101 ;;tn.. a
:hr in) na,la uf beat
W eh ur inal4aation, a, lau sa.t a.t
UL ‘ l iil4ed W , L) eve( uur
'Alli s LK SiWt.l it/ L 11; . LL lent ILL,/ UI t!,o
O.d %Valid,. are qtul:e e,:••• raid for;;uttetr. Cliar
wou:ri courtsA ..err ltl.lj i t.t.p tacit.
trhirthl't ac. k bGE n erl.6 %1a..., s ,
4). - draw 11. l :I!it,. x. i it
4 T)ternt - 1,.- ”g.
t, CI h 6 fr. hu. Gird s
Yet it is well Occasionatly, to lift the veil f":: -In
past events, thntr . vh they.may be (!zi k i Wen
in asp •vt, tol the wi-e and they convey
tessons of wisdom, and to the toolish and iaconsid
orate, the ivaywari and the x%ick.ed, trey may
speak a word of warning in seazun to eu:b au: rII
spirit dad untigh
MEM
~9~: V.i ` iQ7 s iLJbJ ~Sfil
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