tporttr.
Free 8011, Free Mpeecb, Free Spent
Prorderw for IlPres retraltersr.
L O. GOODRICH, ED TOR.
Towanda, Saturday, Jane 29. 1850.
Dareerallts Mai Airolloaltiage.
PO
CJIMAI,CIMIMIO‘V.II,
WM. T. MORISON. or llowroomtat Co
Tot sraverna onswa..
3. PORTER BRAW LEY. or t luccmozp Co.
iOY ♦CDIMIOI 6LIRILL,
EPHRAIM BANKS,
Terme of thelteportfir.
$$ SO per annum; if paid within] the rent SO rents tinll
he deducted , for caste paid actually - in advance, 01 00 will be
Sledneted.
ADVEZTTIMINVITIL per *quote of ten lines. 50 scuts for time
rel. and 15 cents for each entetu.nnent insertion.
it r Mike in the Caton Mork." north side of the Public
'Niters. next doer to the Bradford lintel. Entrance between
Messrs. Adams' and Elwell's law offices.
APOLOGT.-A domestic bereavement, has with.
drawn our attention from this week's Reporter, and
delayed its publication until Monday. The delay;
with the recurrence of our National Anniversary,
will prevent us from issuirm a paper, on our astral
publication day. The next Reporter conseqtlently
will be published and dated the 13th of July.
Speech of Thos. 111..13ent00
'We publish this week, entire, the Speech of
Hop. Taos 11, BENTON, upon the Compromise Bill,
to the exclusion of our usual variety. We bespeak
;Jr it a caretul perusal at the lianas of all. Abound•
ing, in wit, in tarcasnr and history, it is altogether
most Ole and powerful speech .of the session.
Those who read it, will fail to see in it, the vul•
glrity and personality whicti have been charged
upon Mr. Benton ; Its wit, it is true, is keen and
cutting, but not tinctured with a gram of personal
animosity.'
Vourtli of July.
The birth day of oar Nation, at this place will
be suffered to pass without any demonstrations of
respect, except that the places of business will be
closed.
An Independence ball will be given in the even
ing.. at the Bradford Hotel, where judging from past
ocea•ions of the kind, every attraction will be fur
hished to make the occasion pleasant and attrac
tive. In the evening., we are informed ; a grand
display of 6re•works will take place.
The Mysterious Knocking?.
A great ado is made now-a4lays, abort the mys
terious visitors at Rochester and other places, now
at New York, who converse with people by means
of rappings, and by other indications more spiritual
than eatthly: Most marvellous stories are told of coh
versations held with the spirits of the' dear departed'
ski have shutlied off this mortal coil, some half a
century or less since, and who now revisinhis earth
anil make their presettce known. 'But all this is
otsing—nothing compared to the diSposition which
t.. funct banks manifest to visit the earth—and iu
their perturbations to disturb the quiet of those who
had laid them decently out, and , given them a
christian burial. They do not wait'the time, when
"church yards yawn, and Faye ' give up their
dead," but in the broad day light,: the crowded
r,
street. in the social circle, even in fie columns of
newspapers, their uneasy spirits ar
, hid, and a word
calls -up the ghost-, ant} they comr*nce to knock,
knock, knock, at the breasts of those who have a
thousand times exorcised them, and fondly deem
ed they had fled at fast.
-.:
The dilterence however is, that no alphabet can
interpret their language ; and we can only judge
by the manifestations of the participator that they re
call unpleasant memories, and are unwelcome
visitants. The renowned free-footer, CapL Kidd,
it was said, had a ghost keeping watch over the
ill•gotten treasures he had hidden away, whose ap
pearance frightened tips adventurers from its recov
er, and these ghosts which keep watch over the
treasures acquired from, broken banks, would cer
tainly prevent any honest man from any desire Of
participation in the spoils.
New leettelf.
Ai!vices from Santa Fe to May 25, have been
received. The Convention previously called for
the formation of a State Constitution met on the
15th May, and the session lasted 8 or 9 days, •in
which a Constitution was formed, which would go
into operation about the first of July.
The boundaries of the State were defined and
Slavery prohibited.
The Containllion was adopted on the
. 25th May.
In fifteen days afterward, an - election was to 'take
place for the election of Members of the state
iblature
Two Senators and Representati%es in Congress
ou!d soon be elected, and efforts would also be
inade to procure them acceptance at Wishington.
This news has tallen like a thunder clap upon the
• 'avery propaganda at Washingicin. An attempt
•—.; be made •In defeat the application of New
Mexico and California, but they must come into
the Union as sister states free from Slavery !
From Washington.
Our latest 'advises from Washington are, that
Governor Dnty had published trali requesting the
members friendly to / the separate and immediate
admission of California to meet in the House of
Represeniatives on Friday evening,.
The ultra Southerners ayes:Lid to bare beide eau
on Wednesday evening and resolved to insist
-.Ton the adoptiori of the Missouri Compromise hue
at ail hazards.
Th• fate of the Compromise bill is sealed ; it is .
a:d it cannot even pass the Senate.
I...TrALD Norco--Look Out !—The Cashier of
t:te, ;fwego Bank cautious the public against ten
tilrenly, dollar notes on that Bank, slimed from
and twos. They may be easily detected, as
ylie gcnxinZ tens and twenties of that Batik are
re;isteteti on the back—the spurious are Seitistered
on the face.
Quite a number of these notes are to circulation
about Binghamton. .Qur business mpt would do
well am be on guard. They can be *ay detected
lof boWiogibiew Qp w we Jlght.
Sunday, the memy-third day of June, one thou
sand eight Modred eatilay;tein no sea en or;
casiOli than the tweett-sialt anuitersuiy - er the
birth of the odor of this *et, wis mitered en:e
malty memorable by the receipt of the folkminel
impunaot document
Mr. ,Z. 0. Gestfrich. Bat—You have, both direalt
ly and todirectly. on several occasions. within the
last six months,rcharged in your paper. that I had
soste improper connection mill the Bank of taus.
tinehanna County ; that f had. in some way. profit•
ed by its failure. and was one of those, who should
receive censure, and be visited with public odium.
on account of such connection, or in consequence of
such tailor&
The committee appointed by the list Legislation
to investigate the coeceme of this iastitstioa s com
munal their sittiag at K mimes oa Monday nest.
to continue tor some days. This committee has
ample powers—end I now levies you to make goad,
if you can. your vile la:imitations. and malignant
slattilerslaimisstme on the subject of this bank—
giving you notice if you neglect the era% or fail to
do so, I shall brand you publicly. as now dc. it(
Ibis form, a false-hearted and dastardly calumnia
tor. I have reason to believe that your first pub
!jibed attack npoi me in relation to this subject.
wsa writtee by your lord and master David Wilmot.
If so—it would be but fair and decent in you, to
transmit him information of this notice.
With all due respect, yours. C. L. WARD.
or I►irrrrax Co
A move impudent and insulting bravado than
this we have never seen, and there could be no
more striking illustration of the ,scriptural adage,
that " the guiby flee tarn no onepersudh." It looks
badly on the face of it; much like an attempt to
brazen out the perpetration of some gross motif
Out judgment of the motives of human action would
lead es to suppose,such a document the last resort
to which a high-minded, honorable and honest man
would think of resorting to vindicate his reputation
from unfounded and malicious aspersions. The
character which need such props as this, is sadly
dilapidated, indeed !
We should not have given a moment's attention
to the braggadocia the letter contains, were it not
that such emissive is totally uncalled for, and u
tissue of falsehoods from beginning to ending.—
There is not a syllable of truth in its first paragraph.
The charge arises from a cowardly and distemper.
ed imagination. ilVe have made no reflections
open Mr. Ward with regard to the Susquehanna
County Bank, and if he has construed anything we
have published as such, the fault is his own, not
ours. We might have - stated, with truth, the pop
ular opinion upon the subject, but we have not even
done that. Rumor, with her thonsuni tongues, has
issigned him no small share an the management
of that Institution; but how fag rumor has done him
injustice, we have no knowledge, except as mr.ch
as was published in regard to the "assignment for
of benefit of indigent persons, widows, :and young
ladies," which though-it might have been an right,
had a very suspicious look, and was so regarded
by nine persons cut ten in this community. We
defy Mr. Wiwi to make good his charge; we call
upon him to point out the first line where we have
charged him with improper or proper connection
with the Susquehanna County Bank, further than
the assignment above referred to, or we shall
brand him "a !else-hearted and dsstardly calum
niator."
It has come to a pretty pass Indeed, if a broken
bank cannot be mentioned, without Mr. WARD'S
flying into a passion, and crying out, " that means
me!" Can we not rebuke, in strong language, the
system of Fraudulent Banking, which has swin
dled the community of hundreds of thousands of
dollars, by means of the Susquehanna County and
Towanda Banks, without thereby asserting that Mr.
WARD had " profited by their lailure," or holding
him up to " receive-censure or be visited by pub
lic odium'!" Ana if he sees fit to make the appli
cation to himself, we repeat, it is no fault of ours,
but one for which he alone is responsible. We
have done only this, in regard to the Susquehanna
County Bank, and if Mr. Wine considers it at
personal, he can make the most of it. The pub
lie can judge why a man should be so mighty yen
sines.. Defunct banks seem to torment him as
the ghost of Banque did the affrighted hist:betb,
and allow him no peace, they rise before him
in such quick succession. Their spectres haunt
him everywhere; in the public prints; in the
quiet conversation of neighbors, and for aught we
kriow in the stillness of the night.
We shall not loccept this urgent invitation to be
present at the Investigation, with ■ fall view of the
awful consequences which are impending. We
know not whether it is to be a white washing or
not—but we have no faith that the truly guilty will
be brought to justice. It would be a strange anent
sly in such affairs if the matter should be probed
to the bottom, mid all the resealities which have
been practiced, laid bare to the lied. We have
no doub., that some soaps-goat will be let hem,
covered with all the iniquities which have been
perpetrated, while those who have,fatiened upon
the labor of our farmers, will enjoy in peace their
illignuen gains, maintaining their -reputation in
community, and remaining honest and honorable
men, and perhapi christians, as tar as the labors of
the Committee shall effect any good. We have
seen too much of such things, to hope for any good
to come out of it. We lave no doubt had the af
fairs of the Towanda Bank been investigated,
much the same result would have been arrived at,
thOugh some connected with that institution, emerg
ed from comparative poverty to sudden affluence,
while others found thousands of dollars at once
vanish into thin air, or become Milealese pieces of
paper prettily engraved. Who was to tell wheel
Safety-Fund money became, changed into Towan
da notes a teat scarcely less magnificent than
transmuting the keg, of coppers into gold coin
Who could ascertain where the assets of the Bank
had flown, as long as every thing was fair on the
surface, and the tracks so covered as to be invisi
ble I Financiers do not eo their business so loose
ly as to fear Investigating Committees. Who ever
beard of a broken bank investigation, revealing the
authors of the calamity, or compelling the swind
lers to disgorge, though scarcely a man in the com
triunity but could place his finger to a certainty up
on the perpetrator, and fen mom firmly into whose
pocket his money had gene! When such a thing
happens, we should like some one to "make a
note" thereof.. No ! the author% of all the sutler
ing and misery every Bank fail:.m binge to the
door Of .. those wha labor for their daily breed, langh
at law while they revel in theieaccented gains.—
Such persons though they may be out of the reach
of the law of the land, ant amenable to moral
law, and M the hands of public opinion receive
the execration and odium they so justly merit
They cannot tirade brany of the tinselled and
dazzling Run - butes of over-grown wealth, that jos
dee which timely, diceigh slowly perhaps, inflicts
A MetNii 11011N15.
Tovisrm, Jose SO, MP.
Cl „.„ t
a tief ri bli pC11111111010 . :
Charles Spiposvo,
..- 0 1kmanneritikertboraNe
b i reV ed yinV g apelea
And ilatlanlbo fikkies
memo 14 baeicitanibige of
fees k) 0:4104, boat the
hikohstobter and mite a
efface. The Bank robber is
repribeneibblof - thkrelase" ,
if Mr. WARD amens th
ever wrinen a line or syllabl l
porter in relation to hininor )
law viz months, written a *.
Beratar
open any
l i a b i l io u ristaken ; and, it Nit
R. • this onoesion to
eri and dastatilly Winn
We shall allow no onsigl
a lord and nrwser,nruseh
lib has been demonetized
d cowering and • -
• in ear nett issue,
• -
• charge comes from mai
ire Ibis a good apporten . it
• say about impremions of a'
been so flippantly used
Join, Vas Bente hes
deliver a Fourth of Jely .
The party from New York,
Prince," Lewis Gaylord Chu
end other notables.
SPEECH OF T,
(colicLavut ?Box
And there the wisdom, n
Virginia balked &Hy }ears
of America balks now. A.
gest objection to the extentit
lug it iu now rivions where
—bestowing it on those who'
curability of the evil is the g I
extension of slavery. It is
for to inflict an evil which •I
more to inflict one that ia in
will of the people who are t
I quarrel with no one for so.:
jug : I deem it an evil : and
nor impose it on others. Y
and among the few mem a .:
hold slaves in this District. I
In refusing to extend slat
thousand square miles" I he
to my own long establi . -
conformity to the long
gress. Five times in four
hue the prayer of Indiana I
sion of the anti-slavery al
'87.. Ou the 2d of March,
Roanoke, as chairman of t
the memorial praying the
made a report against it, w t
by did House. This is the
"That the rapid populat
sufficiently evinces , th
mine*, that the labor .o'
promote the growth and
that region. That this 4
dearest at any, cad only be
in the cultivation of prod
any known to that quarter
the committee deem it big
pedient to impair a provisi
promote the happiness and
western country, and to gi
to that extensive frontier.
of this sagacious and bane
tiered that the inhabitants
very distant day, find am
temporary privation of la.
The report of Mr.' Ran
next year, Marsh, 1804,
same prayer, was made
Mr. Rodney, of Delaware
commended a suspension I
for ten years • it was not c
Two years afterwards, F
report recommending
was made by a COMMItt
Virginia, was chairman :i
concurrence. The next
were tried. In February
of &e Hoare, of which 11
reported in favor of tho i
clause : the report was
November of that year,{
Carolina, as chairman of I
made a report against thr
concurred m by the 'S
it would seem
vision calif'
Thee, five
Houses of '-
nary emits
to Indian. ,
ordinance
slaves 111
saspend the
flotations of
green on the
ger. The
ailment
ramintions
itself, so
ailment of
tine ; for it
the French
and that the
in melon&
Policy of Congress, -
own principles, in sofa
slavery whir:nibs cam
1 return to the point.
territory which the cos
from the poseession of
Mon of Texas—and the
slavery which growers
on slavery on it now,
will be there by law if
leaves Open but one q
mate be relied upon to
There are two clime
frigid, the other tempo
miles are in the tem
vine, stremehing no
heinous in the north—
ley lower down. San
230 feet, El Paso 3,
culled, in the upper
above, cab A rriva ;)
low, (Rio Alsjo ;) alt
this structure of the
Fe, mild at El Paso
them:-
itervie line would involve.
70,000 square mile, of
enamel' line would transfer
ew Mexico to the posses.
question of the extension of
tof that transfer. There is
'ther in law or in feet. it
I the transfer is made This
cation ; and that is, can cll.
keep it away ! I think not.
in New Mexico—one
o; and these 70,000 square
part. his a long pro.
and south, ligh and moon.
et, and with broader val.
Fe has an elevatirm of 7..
. The Rio del None is
ri of its 'course, the river
the lower part, riser be
the climate corresponds with
country --tirmas at Santa
Humboldt thus speaks of
"New Mexico, th ,
latitude with Syria
male eminently
middle of the month
a :little further no
Mores) the Rio Del
seersl years lamer
horses and carriages
what is the elevation
co:bnuf &obi w
latitude. the bed of
'even or eight hand
the level of the sea.
the valley. offhe Del
of whirls is plated ti t
snow alma:ly tovrani,
mantis of Jane."— &I
ogh placed under the same
1 Central Persia, ham a ch
it. It flees,s there in the
f May, near to SantO Fe. and
, (under the parallel of the
one is covered,sametimes
maim with ice so shirk that
on it. We do not know
01 tne country in New ?dext
er, under the 37th degree itl
ricer may have more than
rd metres of ekvarinn above
The maintains which bsnler
Nrine, even Mate in the font
e vitiate of TWIN kw their
. the commencement of the
ol 1, p. 202.
IEI
The environs of
try. which resenibl
Andshwis. The
wheat Toe vineya
which are preramal
and of New Biscay.
Paso are a delirious coon.
the mou beautiful parts of
Ids are calibrated in cent and
s produce escellent wines,
even to the wines of Parris
The gardens imadein in aboo•
IS2TEffr
hie saint fasery
531
Imuulni.e_)tY by any
" way fin
tonalmaile . ,,li
• , which no wee can
the wont wed most
flperieat.'' 4
DAVID Wuxi= has
fix , the inegfini Rio
that be ha% within the
0,411 MM, for dte
istirm, ire toll Mm
onmoh,
• lima& ilm-bomt•-
,
tale to as about a
a taaa whose who's
sbjeet sycophancy,
servility. We shall
ith how mush grace
POMO, and we roo
m have a Ma words
similar import, which
by his ds
^771 an invitation to
at, linghamon.
t
!ill consist of " the
,ex,Governor Young
1 BENTON.
VRTH !kat.]
the philanthropy, of
ro: there the wiAtkon
here I End the lat.
of ele6ry--to plant
does not now exist
; have it not. The in.
i eatew objection to the
P -ronx for the leuivia.
be cured : how flinch
',rabic, and against the
I, endure p lireTer !
i postng slavery a Nero.
octal neither tutor) t it
t I am a slavelrilder,
rs of Congress who
ery into these seventy
in conformity not only
twincipleo, but also in
lobed e metics of Con
ears dad Congress re
;. a temporary suspen
se of the ordinance of
803, Mr. Randolph, of
e commiuse to which
•. • ion was referred,
h was concurred in
port :
oe of the State of Ohio
opinion of your corn.
yes is not nemortary to
:ttientent of cokonies in
bor, demonstrably the
employed to ad sentare.
s more valuable than
f the United &alas ; that
to dangerous and ines
n wisely calculated to
prosperity of the north.
e strength and security
n the salutary operation
olent restraint, it is be
of Indiana will, at no
le remuneration for a
I/ . and of emigration."
olph was in 1803; the
different report on the
a committee of which
was chairman. It te
of the anti-4avery ciente
•• orred in by the Hones.
braary, 1806, a similar
pension for ten years
•
of which Mr. Garnett, of
met the same tate—non.
r 1807, both Houses
of that year, a committee
r. Parke, was chairman,
Infinite • of the
t canenrred in. And in
Mr. Franklin, of North
committee oldie Senate
suspension, which was
; and unanimously, as
being no di-
mapeotive
a tempo.
Javety no
before the
ding litany
rsfusa4a to
manyass.
o 1 Con.
, pram
was a our
. sone:mica
Manes of 'B7
was a our
6mi 'Leh
i in tam in
that time ;
I sot, then,
meablihed•
ley to my
to vote the extension of
dance, all the *Agee,elfamso— peed's%
Pliesinwit lad pawn -[Veil ss p.los. <
Humboldt is MO& ead:rseen:travellers esedirus
aoe.What Ise *mein lust. I t WSW at the bead of
theiellefof tbsi Het NMI% ' r ue :three &Mem
pooh of to Fti, 1110 Col. Fresersex 'Wheal his
;mit disaster—hid oistaiggiethromphestowsiehme.
the heads . Of min and bones, end fond it ,*-Mlisf
i o nel . the tient, gelid with ice be a teed. At
Men. ie, the 20th of February, it was winter;
eight aye afterwanls, on the Rio Alsip, half way
to ElTamo, and funiim descended 2,1101 bet, and
ill 1,100 feet above me level of El Paso, it was
farmers poaching and seeding, the
sly fruit trees in bloom, and the air so mild that.
camped oat of nights, end withostt tents, thoegh
a settled and hospitable country. Hem, then,
two climates in New bfesicovseas a hornier
inst the introduction of African slaw , the
, me; mid it ie that pat Which ie not a •
is proposed to he towhead to Testae. This
applies to the Del Node and its valley; it is still
more true of the Form and its valley. Ring in
the beitede, and at the elevation of Gaeta Fe, it do.
wends below the beitede,tnd below the elevation
of El Paso, and is milder in its climate throughout,
became more open to the mat, and sheltered an
the west by a lee; and lofty range of moentaies .0=
Its more genial climate makes it, as 1 hate said,
the coedits region of New !desk! to which the
inhabitants of the banks of the Vet None rend
their flocks to find their own food, and liee with.
out Mobs', the year round. And it is precisely
the southern half this jiver and valley, reaching a
degree and a halt south of New Orleans, and with
out sufficient altitude to counteract the am of
southern latitude, that the committee's bill would
transfer from the possession of New Mexico to the
possession of 'Texas. Climate there can be no bar
to the introduction of slavery: and thus its actual
extension into the quarter becomes the question
which !he committee's bill forces us to face—and
which I have faced!
The committee's line has the farther ill cerise
queuee of raising the question of the existence of
slavery by law in the Santa Fe part even of New
Mexico. If their line is a compromise ot the Texas
claim, it admits the right and sovereignty, of Texas
both above and below, and will involve members
in an inconvenient vote—the consequences of
whirl. is readily seen.
This is a consequence which the committee's
bill involves, and from which there is no escape
but in the total rejection of their plan, and the estop
win of the line which 1 propose—the loot itnitioal
line of KW—which, corresponding with ancient title
and acted possession, avoids the question ot , els- •
very in either country ; winch, leaving the pcipula
lion of each nutonehed .4istorti; no in ieregi ; & which,
in eplining the high sterile table land ebbe Staked
Plain, conforms to the natural division ot the reen
try, am! leaves to each a natural frontier, and an
ample extent of compact and homogenous territory.
To Texas is lett all the territory drained by all the
riven' which hdve their mouths within her limits,
whether those mouths Die in the Gulf or bemire,
the fitipeepippi. or the Rio Grande; to New Mexi
co is left the whole course of the Rio Peer= and
all its valley of the 1301 None, will make a state of
the first class in point of territory, susceptible of
tares population and wealth, and In a compact
form capable of defence against Indians.
The Staked Plain is the natural frontier of
countries. It is a dividing wall between systems
of waters and system of countries. It is a high
sterile plain, some sixty miles wide upon some Eve
hundred long, running north and south' its western
declivity abrupt, and washed by the Pewee at its
base; its eastern broken into cheau-seanoneeo—
born which issue the myriad of little seems 'shah
flowing towards the rising sun, hers the great
rivers—Red river, Brno*, Colorado,: Neese, which
rfind their outlet in the Mississippi or in the G-If
of Mexico. It is a salient feature 'in Noah Amer/.
can geography from its structure—a table of fend
sixty miles wide,
five hundred , and some
thousands of feet above the level of the sea—and
sterile, level, without a shrub, a plant, or gags, and
presenting to the traveller a horizon of its own like
the ocean. Witten" a landmark to guide the steps
ot the traveller some it, the early hunters and
1 .„
herdsmen of New ice staked their course acme'
it ; and hence its n me El Llano Erniosis—the
Staked Plain. It is natural frontier between New
Mexico and Texas; and for such a Me, quieting all
questions between them, all with the United States,
yielding near ; two hund red thousand square miles
M territory to the United States and putting into
her hands the means of populating and defending
New Mexico, by giving lands to =tilers and deka
derso—l am ready to vote the fifteen millions which
my bill fairly and openly proposes. For the line
in this bill I -would notgtve *copper. • Bet it would
be a greater error to suppose I would give fifteen
millions rot the territory in dispute between Now
Mexico and Texas. That disputed territory is on.
ly a small part of what the Texas casket would
be. It would embrace four degrees of latitude co
the north of Texas, and a front of a thousand miles
on the Arkansas. and would give to' the United
States territory indispensable to her, to the popu
lation and defence both of New Mexico and
Utah. in front of both which this part of Texas lies.
The commune, in their recort, and the Senator
heal Kentucky, (Mr. Clay) in his spemsts, are im
pressive in their representations in favor of giving
governments to New Mexico and the , remaining
part of California. I jell them in all they my
m favor of the neesesity of these governments, and
and the they of Congress to give them. I mean
territorial governments, and woukPnoi vote formate
governments in either of them, even if they seat
asnatitations here. Ido not deem them ripe for
such governments ; they are too young and weak
for that. Th are in • oar hands, andupon MT
hand., and We to us ; and it is oar duty to pro
vide them, and take care of them, until they are
strong enough to take care el themselves as sower
eign stales. Both territories require govemnierit
at oar hands, and protection along with it; New
Maxim especially, now desolated by Indian tare
gee, and suffering more in the three year. that she
has belonged to the United Stateside= in any three
years of here: istance—even during the most help-
We period of Waken rule.
The Spanish Government, under the vice regal
system, appropri ated two thousand dragoons to the
protection of internal provinces hum the Apt
chest, the Navahos', the Comanchea, and other grW
Indiana. We have a low companies of dragoons
And some mationguy infantry, in sight of whom
barracks them Indians slay men and women, car
ry ell children, and drive away flocks and horns,
sometimes thousands in a drove. The Navaho's
actually have more New Mexican sheep now than
the New Mexicans have left. A single individual
inhabitant of RI Paso owned fmore cattle and sheep
when Pike was there in 1806 than the wholig town
and settlement now own. Single inigaskaiste of the
Valley del Norte owned flacks and herds than mer
le equal to those of the whole province now. The
Valley of Pewee, then the sheep.walk of millions.
is now reduced to some two htnalrei thousand, and
becoming less every day. Al this is a reproach
to te. It is a reproach to republican Government
in our persons. It is an appeal to us for motor and
p-season. to which we rennet bo deaf without
drawing down upon our heads the censure of all
good men.
But this bill ta nnt the way to pie et -4 it. Thelma*.
vemment• ens balked by being put into this bill,
They not only impede California. bat themselves,
The conjunction is an injury to both. They mein.
ally delay and endanger each other. And it is PO
swamp' in favor of the conismrsion to elm *tattles
establiahment of a amusement feu New ble ' xieo teN•
quire' the previous settlement of her elegem bound.
art with Texas. That is no argon:ern for lark inn
Texas. wit: all her multifarious miestions even
to New Mexico. meth Ina to California: his in.
deed very desirable to settle that bintmlary, and to
settle it at etre. arid forever; hot it is not an irdia
nensability in the mead= of a government tow New
Mexican. We harem right to a grerernment seem.
sling in her einsemenn : soil that we can Ore her, i
to continue till the question of titles is derided. The,
ehpostiskiie-em you mess.-.is the principle to
govern net legislatirm—the principle which gives
the momegeor a right to the possession until the
question of title is derided.
This principle istbetame both to national and
- . .
min • law aliens or vim-
monities of the same ipmeremseac and between
distations. TWIN& of decision eery M
dillrosaLyiketween difiliiminesot iseditetit k
b r Nitacma. of by eras: between chitlins lor •
miareekdies if the same government, it is does
by ' 2 lsers-.11 nations nrny Meade and
boondaq isitskonsie com
wmisitniSes M MIN government Mom And
the pastykat shall attempt itcommiff,ll toktion
of law and order; sad the government which per
mho each violation is derelict of its dMy.
1 hive now examined, so fur us promise to do
It on a motion for indefinite postponement, the
three bilk which the committee have tacked to
nether—the California, Utah, New Mexico ! and
Texas bills. There are two other bills which I
have not minimum); bemuse they are not tacked,
but only biotin,' bet which belong to the system
as it is mut without some mention of whisk:
intake itinkfti dope to the doinetineebr.die
poormuntiow ofiheir seisms The fugitive skve
moray bill mid dm District of Colombia dave.
lade suppression bill ere palms of the system or
moment which the oomminee propose, and which,
taken togiwher, sae toesnwitate secompramke and
to iefalltlate for ever aid moat frathrmlly ale the
dareniskins of the sianny agitation in the United
Suites. They apply to two out of the Ste gaping
wound, which the Senator from Kentucky eon:
aerated on the five fingers of his left hand, and
for healing ep all widah at once, he had provided.
one large Amer, big enough to COVIIf ad, and effi
cacious enough to corn all; while the Prerident
only proposes to core one, and that with a lin*
plaster, and it of no efficacy.
Ido not propose to examine throe two °attend
ant, or sequiciotas bill, which dangle at the tail of
the other three. i will not go into them, nor MM.
tion.them farther than to my, that the alternative in
the report to pay the owner out of the federal treas
ury for the km of irrecoverable sines ; might ad
mit in practice, of abolitiod in the states by the leg
islation of Cot:gross and the' pone of the natiool
and to suppressibe slave trade in this District as a
concession lor-abstaihing from the abolition of sla
very in this District, as expressed in the report,
page 17, is to make a concession of soveadting
valuable for an abstinence, which we have hart for
sixty years without concession, sad are **to have
on the same semis!
This is the end - of the committee's labor - tire
old bills gathered up from oar table, tacked tor,eth
er, and christened a compromise ! Now comprom
ise is a pretty phrase at all times, and,is a good
thing in itself, when there happens to be any par
ties In make iz, any authority to enforce it, any
penalties for breaking it, or any thing to be cum
promised. The compromises of the constitution
are of that kilid ; and they stand. Compromises
sayy
made in con • and entered of record, are ol that
kind , : and the tend. Compromises made by in
dividuals Oft C i sto property are likewise of that
character; and - stand. * I tespeet all such com
penniless. here there happens to be nothing
to be citeeprounieed, no parties to make a cam
=itze, we pourer to enforce it, nn penalty for its
no obligation an any one—not even its ma
kere—te obeerve it, and when no *lwo human be
ings GM agree about its meaning, then a corn
pnnvise becomes ridiculous and pestiferous. I
have no rmpipet for it, and * eschew it. it cannot
stand, end will hill : and in its fall will raise op
iss ills than was intended to more. And of this
eh immer P deem this farrago of incongruous Mat
ter which has been gathered ep and stuck together,
end offered to us "all or none," Him " 6fty-four
fony," to be. It has none of the requisites of a
compromise, and the name cannot , iite it so.
In the lint place, there are no pieties to make a
foinprennise. , Ne are not in "Convention, bet in
Congress ; and I do not admit a geographical di
vision of innitis in this. climber, aldniugh the
Committee of Thirteen was formed'apon that prin
ciple...six from toe South, half w deem from the
Nook, and one from the borders of both. I recow
nice fro sedh parties. Ilenow tie North, and ' , know
no South; and I remise and repethate, as • thing
to be forever condemned; this first attempt for ai
-1
tablisk geographical panier in this chamber, by
mewing a committee, termed upon that principle.
In the next place, there is no sanction tor any- such
ecreepromise—no authority , to entrees it—cone to
mesh its violation. In due third place, there ii
nothing to be compromised. ,k compromise is a
comeessioo, a mutual concession of contested rights
between two parties. I know of nothing to be coo
-1 ceded on the pan of the alaveholding States in
5 t re
to their flare property. ?heir rights are in
ndent of the Federal. Government, and'admit
in the Constitution—a right to bold their slaves
as property, a right to pursue and recover them as
ropertg, a right as a pineal dawn in the weight'
of these States, by making five count three in the
national representation. These are our rights by
an instrument which we are bound to respect, and
I will concede none of them, nor posthaste an of
them. 1 never purchased as a concession w hat P
hold to be a right, 119 r A ccept an inferior title whew
I already bold the highest. Evenif this congener
of bills was a compromise, in fact, I should be op
posed to it, for the retinas stated. But the fact it
self is to be apocryphal What is the cue of five
old bills introduced by different members as com
mon legislative niesiores; these five are caught
up by the Senator from Kentucky, and his commit.
tee, Walled together. sad then called a comprom
ise ! Now this snistifies me. The lame bills were
ordinary legislation in the hands of their authors ;
they beemene,a sewed compromise in the hands of
diewinew possessors. They seemed to be of no
account as laws . : they becomes national panacea
as a oonipromise. The diffemmie seems to be in
the change of name. The poet tells us that a rose
wilt smell as sweet by any other name. That may
be tees of roses, but not of compromises. In the
case of the compromise, the wletite smell is in the
name, and here is the proof. The Senator from ll
linois (Mr. Dooot.ss) biough t in'three of 'hashing;
they emoted nn smell. The Senator (rem Virginia
(Mr. Matson) brought in another of there—no smell
in that. The Senator from Missouri, wt o now
speaks to the Senate,
brought in the Sher--.ditto, po
smell about it. The olfactory nerve of the nation
never scented there existence. Bono sooner are
they jumbled together, and called ii compromise,
than the nation is filled with their Yierfume. Pea
ple smell it all over the land, and, like the inhalers
Of cesitin deep, Weenie frantic for the thing. This
mistifies me, and the nearest that I can count to a
solution of thewystery is in the case of die two
Dr. Townsend's and their sarsepluilla root. They
bath attract from the same root, but the enact re
totally a different article in the hands of the two.
Doctor; produced by one, a unirensal panacea •
the other, little lees than poison. Here is what the
Old Doctor says of this strange difference :
aWe wish it understood, because it is the deo.
lies troth, that S. P. Townsend's article and Old
- Dr. Jacob Townsend', ffereaparilla are keinens-urfde
!pat, end isAsibiy disiiinifar ; that they are unlike
in every rimeidar, having not one single thing in
common. '
And accounts far the difference thus:
" The Sarsaparilla root, iris well known to medi
cal men, contains many medical properties, and
some propenies which are inert or useless and others
which if tetairied In preparing it for use,pmdtmersfer
wentmion and mid whwh is injurious to the system
Some el the properties of iausaporilla me so toted*
that they onttmly evaporate and are lost in the pre
paration, if they are nor preserved by a aritarlic
proems, known only to o , e experienced in 4 man-
Martine. Moreover, those tolahkpriscipla. whirl
fly tfl in yawn. or es an exhale ion. under heat,
are the very manna! malicalrywietirs of the root,-
which give M it all its value.
Now, all this is perfectly intelligible to me. I
andante:ad it suartly, It shows ma precisely how
tlw mime root is either to is a poi.oet at a meat
rine, as it happens m be in the limn& of the old iq
the young doctor. This may be the Case with these
bill.. To me it looks like a rine to the mystery ;
but I dirt& tiodinc, and wak patiently for theses
lotion which the Senator from SentwiT o7irty Sir"
when' he comosito answer this put of my speech
The Oki Doctor winds op in nrgniting pattienlar
anention to his name labelled on the benne, in wit.
' 4 Old Doctor Jacob Townsend," and not• Young
Doctor Iltautsal Townsend. This shows that then
is Thai hie name when DOW in the lane ` et
~amparign Met, and there may be Neal - vines in
i i whin te at to a ocmipromkte bill. If so, It
ma, tie* W dine 'airmail bills are of now *
of T i m m. i •• &oils of the yowl Senator ho e , if.
Simla cliC ihmatra,} aid. mom* cenipeleafis
elSeactouri
V ha the lima of the old Swims koi
tenteelty. 1 '
This is the end of therand committee's na r k_
five old bills tacked together, and presented a a
rentudy fat evils which have no existence, mud sk,
quire to be accepted under a penalty.4be . m ak .
of being wetted as enemies of committees; him,"
played at by the awns! The old ow, le hi m ,"
is dreadfully out of tune—tbi strings all *oh,'
and the screws' all loom, and discoursing ma t ito :
fel musks, and will requ iting ato dance to it! And
sea thawing it weak, be !.—storbing but tam to nal,
cross over, seMO, and beck au! Sir. them ft ,
ounsii sannigistri.—we have all , read ,of hint—,6
had power frith his lyte—lbut his instrume nt
was spelt lyrel—mot only over Men, bet over wad
beam also, and even over atones,-whim he co u ld
make dance, into thet places when the Avails of It.
lip zem
ion were to be ill. But our chi «mist wa s
none of that sort,. in his best day ; and aft.
the injury to his in mot in playing the itr iN i
national air of the four Ye—the: fiSy-four fon t 0 ,
fight"-it wee so out of *MO that its lassie wih bit
much more apt to acasep off tame men am kt
charm wild beaus or timed.
No sirl no more artery comproniise. Stir*
to those we have in the eimmitutioniii.d they "a
I l e mask to ! Lodi at the volve—those toz
on the Parpositions whieb 1 imbatined. No ator,
lion of slavery in the States; none in the ions. r ,
sends, navy yards: none in the District of (W m
bfa ;no infialeremee with Oto slave trade betwe en
the States. these are the Soles given o z , 1 4. 3
floor, and which, are above-all Congress comp,v).
i.e., because they abide the compromiser of the
constittnion.
The committee, fresildea the ordies7 purpose ,f
legislation, thatef Making laws for the premrnent
of people, teepees another °Ned of a damn
hind, tbat of giving pewe and happiness to a tars.
emble and distracted people—intends, the peep,
of the United /hates. They propose this object s s
the grand * resell and crowning mercy of their me.
tif i irioas hemp. The gravity *A which the d ram
man of the ecommutee has brottght forward this cei.
pet in his ieport, and the pathetic manner in which
be has enforced it in his speech. and the exact eon.
Memnon he has Made of the public calamities up.
on hi s give,el!:l4.Fpienleife the idea, as 1 hale
heretoforeietlM , -o f an y intentional joke to be
practised upon us by that distinguished Senator •
otherwise I might have beeer tempted to . believe'
that the eminent Smiator unbending from his ie.
rims occupations, had •elkulesceniled to amuse
himself at our expense. Certain it is that them e
ception of this restoration of peace and hawinen
is most jocose. In the first place, there is no co s .
tent on to be reconciled, ecedistraction to be rork.
posed, no misery to be rest/aged, no Wet hymns
to be restored, no .lost happiness to be recovered :
And, if there was, the committee is not the par,
to give us these blessings. They preach exer t ,
.and "practice discord. They recomniend harm,
to others, and disagree among themselves, Ti , l
propose the triternal hiss to us, and give themselves
rude rebuffs. Scamely is the healing report read,
and the anodyne bill', or pills, laid on our take,
than tierce - contention breaks oat be the ranks or lie
committee itself. They atheriteaely other. They
give and take fieterf , lieks. The wean peac e maker
himself fates badly—snick all over with arose,
like the man on the fiat leaded the almanac. Here,
in our presence, in the very act of cousummarm;
the marriage of Califinuia with Utah, New Meal.
co, Texas, the fugacioas slaves of the & a r ea , an d
the marketable slaves of this District—in this very
act of coosammation. as in a certain wedding 16e:
of old, the feast becOthes a fighi--the festival
combat—and the a:MOM pests pommel ear:,
other.
. .
When his committee wax formed, and hinise
safely installed at the head of it, conqueror anti
pacificator, the armor finis Kentucky appeared I
be the happiest of mankind. We all 'emeriti* ,
that atthl.
.ife seemed to ache with pleaane. k
wail tee•great for cootinenee. lc barn fonb. .1:
the banes' of his joy, and the overflowing a ins
heart', he entered upon that series of etingratula,mi
whieh seemed to me to be rather prematore..a%
in disregard of the rage masirri, winch adrponnn
ea the traveller never to had-100 lill•he is out of t e
woods. I thooftlit so them I was forcibly remin
ded of it on Sintuniay last, when I saw Mat Swot,
l i g"
alter vane aorta to embpose is friends„and even
reminding them of what the were it Ormatenol"
with this day--inuersie, this r speed of mme
gather up has beaver and gni . the chamber, in a
way that seemed toasty, the Lord have at upon
you all, for lam done with you 1 . Iktuthe S.uator
Was happy that-nigth—mpremely a MI bisplzo
bid entmedesi—rnommittee of Thirteen mixiano.
—he himself its etairsamp-adi power par into her
han.is--theirown hands untied, and the hands n
the Senate tried-aand the parties jest ready to b
bound tardier forever. Ii was an ecstatic donne
for the Settatere, aornelibig like that of die hens
Piridoeue when be surveyed die preparations ter
the nuptial feast--saw the oompsny all.piesent.7
lapithenontumbee, the centaur-}m their bundle
heard the I. *sew !Inking to sound, and raw re
beauteous Mippothuoia, about as beamtems I Itt.
pme ae California, come "glittering like a Cir.
and take her stundlorthis Jib band: It insthip
py moment lot Piritibens I- and ie derfulnen do
leulings he might hatetleaft vein tobir - inyinrs.
gratulation. to all the campieft waken, to al 3
'epithet, and toall the eirenterir,arall.nrankind m
V all homekiad, ark themmpiekersoteni Bol.x ,
the deceitfulness of houtert•felleitt!•in an Inez
the mos. was changed I- the a fklbt-ibe re
ding festifil a mortal combat-the mike itself re
plying theimplemenai of ware-
" "At ants asadley Melt
Of bawls and lees sappty Air fight:
Once napleasnri of nania, but nand fee'
You know'how it ended. The fight broto 3 ?
the feast The wedding was postponed.. Ad 0
may it be with•this attempted conjunction of ei
Ramie with the many Um:kited spares which
Committee °libitum base provided for her.
Mr. President; it is dins is be dose with
comedy of errors. California is Wieling for 1
of admission. New Mexico is alfefing for 7
of protection, The -_pubtio business ill *Om
want of attention. The ohalactw of Corr'
malisting for