II
that *lb tredetriailli in part; carried on by means
of Teasels built in the United States, and_ owned or
nails igated' by Ow of our cititens. Tbe correspon
dence bet Ween the tepartniemt of Suite and the
Minister and Consul Of the United States at Rio de
Janero, whichlsas front, tithe to time beim laid-be
fore Congress, represents that it is a mistoniary, de
vice to evade the penalties ouif 'yew' :'brmeene
of sea-tenets. Vesselteekl in Brazil; when provi
ded with such Offlnis by the Counseliitisteadtifve
tenting to the Untied State"; for a, tear, pro
teed, at mice, to the coast or Africa, for the par
pose of obtahrteg cargoes of slaves. Mach addi
tional information, of the same character, has re
cently beds transmitted to the Department of Stale.
it has not been considered the policy of our laws to
subject an American citizen, who, in a foreign Coini •
try, purchase a vetssel built' in the United States, to
the I nconvenience of sending her home for a new
register, before - permitting her to proceed on a voy
age. Any alteration of the laws, which might have
a tendeney to impede the free transfer of property
-in vessels between our citizens of the free naviga
•eon of those vessels between difterent parts of the
worhl, when employed in lawful commeive,should
be well and eauttouslyconsidered ; but I trust thet
your wisdom will devise a method by which our
general policy, hi this reialeet, may be preierved,
and at the Ferns time the abase of our flag, by
means of sea-letterg, in -the manner indicated, may
be prevented.
Having ascertained that them is no prospect of
the reunion of the five States of Central Anterics,
which formerly composed the republic of that name,
we have separately negociated with some of them
treaties of amity and commerce, which will be laid
before the Senate.
A . contract having been concluded with the State
of Nicaragua. by a company composed of Ameri
can citizens, f w the purpose of conetnicting a ship
canal. thrtagh the territory of that State, to connect
the Atlantic and Par ific oceans, I have directed
mciation of a treaty with "Nicaragua, pledg
ing both uoveremetits to protect those who shall
engage in and perfect the work. All other nations
are invited by il) State of Nicaragua to enter into
the same treaty st ipulations with her ; and 'the ben
efit to be derived by each from such an arrange
ment, will be the protection of this great inter ace
aerie communication against any powe r which
might seek to obstruct it, or to monopolize its ad
vantages. All Slates, entering lido such a treaty,
will enjoy the right of passage through the canal on
payment of the same tolls.
The work, il constructed under these guarantees,
'will become a bond of peace, instead of a subject
of roMention and strife, between the na ions of the
earth. Should Vie great maritime States of Europe
consent to this arrangement, (and we have no ma
sonic, suppose that a proposition so fair and honora
ble will be opposed by any,) the energies of their
people and ours will co operate in promoting the
success of the enterprise. Ida ndt recommend any
Appropriation flora the National treasury foi -this
purpose, nor do I believe that such an appropria
non te riecessary. Private "enterprise, if properly
protected, wilt complete the work, should it prove
feasible. The parties who have procurred the
charter, from Nicaragua, for its construction, de
sire no assistance from this Government beyond its
protection ; and they profess that, having examined
the proposed line of cammtinication, they will be
seedy to commence the endertaktrig whenever that
protection shall be extended to them. Should there
appear to be reason, on examining the :whole evi.
pence, to entertain a melees doubt of !the practica
bility of constructing such a catiel, that doubt could
be speedily solved by en acteal exploration of the
route.
Should such a work be constructed, under the
common protection of all nations, for equal benefits
to all, rt would be neither just nor expedient that
and grr'at maritime State should command',the com
munication. The territory through which the'ra•
nal may be opened ought to be free from the
elemis of arty foreign power. No such poteer
should occupy a pashrott that would enable it here
after to etereise so control/Mg an inftaence oiler
the commerce of the worldor to abstract a high
way whiett otiOi to. be dedicated to the common
Ise of mankind.
The routes acmes the Isthmus, at Tehoontepec
are also worthy of ore serious consideration. They
did net fait to etigage the attention of my prede
cersor. l'he negotiator of the treaty of Guaiialujw
Hidalgo was int meted to offer a Very_ large sum of
money for theright of transit across th e Isthmus of
tio.cte pec. 'the Mexican government did not
- accede to the preposition for the purchase of the
right of wayoprobably, becanse it had already con
fleeted witttyrivale individtrale for fire'eonstriacdon
of a passage front the Guaeerthlecr truer to Tehuan.
tepee. I shall not renew ably proposition to pur
chase, for money, a right *hich ought to be equal
ly named to all Da ions, al, pay ment ot a reasonable
' tuhPto the owners of the improvement, who would,
doabtless, he well contented withthat compensation
said the guarantees of the maritime States of the
world, in separate treaties negotiated with Mexico
binding her and them to protect those who should
construct the work. Such guarantees would do more
toetecure the completion of thecommunicatinn time
the territory of Mexico, than any reasonable consid•
eration that could be offered ; and 'as Mexico .her
self would be the greatest ; gainer by'.-the opening of
this commurnmstion between the Gult and the Pa
cific ocean it is presumed that she would not hesi
tate to yield her aid, iii the manner proposed, to
accomplish an improvement so important to her
own hest-interests:
We have reason td hope drat tire proposed rail
road across the Isthmus at Panama will be success
fatly -cornitreetetf, ender the protection of the late
mealy with New Grenada, ratified and exebareved
by my predecessor ott the 10th day of June, 1(48,
which griatairfeee the perfect neutrality of the Is- -
*mins, and the' rights of sovereignty and property
of New Grenada over Met territorry, with a view
that the free transit from ocean to ocean may not
he interrupted or embarrassed" doting the existence
of the treaty. - It is our policy to encieerage every
practicable route peeress the l'sthmus• ' which - con
nects North and South America, either by railroad .
or canal, which the energy and ,enterprise of our
eitizens may induce them to contplete ; and I con
sider it obligeto-y upon me to adopt that policy,
pecielly in consequence. of the absoldte nedesany
of facilitating iotescouree with our possessions ou
Pacific. _ _
The positions of the Saudwrehislands, wily refer ,
rence to the territory of the United . States on the
Pacific; the success of our persevering and bene
rolent citizens, who have repaired to that remote
gunner in chvietianiiing the natives, and inducing
*tem to - adopt a eystestY el gotennhent and laws
suited to'their" capacity anti' wants ;, and tke use
made by oat numerous whale ships of the harbors
ofthe islands as Plaees of resort for obtaining re
freshmerrs and. repairs, all-combine to render their
iestiny peculiarly interesting to us. It is oar duty
to encourage the authotities edthose islands in their
efforts to improve andolevate the moral and polio
cal condition of the inhabitants; and , we should .fake
reasonable allowance for the difficiifties inseparable
from this task. We desire that the Islands may
maintain theirindependerice, and thatother nations
rhoold concur with us in this sentimerit. We could
in no event be of any other power. The principal
commercial States have in this a common interest;
and it is to be h Ted that no on, of them wit a--
tenipt to interpose obstacles to the entire indePend •
me of the Islands.
The receipts into the treasury foethe fiscal year
ending o. the thirtieth of June lasi,: were, - in cash,
8 50,830,061 50, and in Treasury notes funded,
51 8,833,000, making an aoregis ,of 659,663.•
667 50; and the expenditures,. foe' the=iatb e time
were, in 0af:11;516,768 66182 r tuicritraite of
,
3 57.931,667 82.
The accounts and estimates whicw4ill be sub-'
Waal to Congress in the Report ofithet.Secretaty of
the Treasury, show thef t there will piebably be a
deficit, occasioned by the expenses of the Mexican
vat end treaty, on the first day of July next of SS
-423.141 66 and on the firstrierof.luty, NM. or
hts.sil,oe2 71 ; making in the whole a probable
deficit, to he provided tor,. of 516,376,214 36.--
t 743 extraordinary itip•Mlft of the war with Mexico
led, pit/chase of California, and , New liesiaa, ex
.seta in amount this defiek, together wi th th e awns
htretufara sada for those objects. I *temple Te•
commend thatlealatirity be gbrewto borrow whets_
ever sum may be neceliary to corer that deficit. I
reccommend the obtervenee of strict economy in
the operatiOn and expendittiTo of public iirioney.
I recommend a retisiliwolthe;iiirting
and itsedisietetentoo a trissiberhich mayedgment
the revenue. Ido not doubt the tied' or duty of
Congress to encourage domestic indarr7 4 which is
the great seource of rnitionsl'as welkWv .. individnal -
wealth and prosperity. 1 look to 4. , !itdortt and
patriotism of Congress for • the
. adopfseiteiV e system
which may piece home-labor at lasOntiw ‘ sore and
permanent footingouttrhy-due en=tervint of
manufactures, give a new and inc ' stimulus
to agriculture, and promoterthesktivelopernent of our
vast resources ,
and the extentitdd'opirtreekimetee.
Believing that to the uttainmpprp ilheeWsind a s as
well net the necessary augmentation of thistranue
and the prevention of bawls,. iikeyWernol-Apecihc
duties is best adapted, f term* recommend to
Congress the adopting-oPthet ?ststetti, fixing the
duties at rates high enough to affontsubstential and
sufficient encourageittent olio ty, and
at the same time so adintaedlartliiitia Mi k i ineribibility.
The question of the continuance of the-Subtreas
err eysteritis respectfully submitted to the witelotn.
.of Congress. If cominned, important modifications
of it appear to be indispensable.
For further details and views on the above and
outer matters connected with commerce, and Thum
cep, and revenue, I refer to the report of the Secre
tary of the Treasury,
No direct aid has beer. given by the General Gov
eminent to the improvement of re-ricultore, except
by the expenditure of small sums for collection and
publication of agricultural statistics. and for some
cherniral analysei, which have been, L us far, paid
for out of the patent land. This aid is, in my opin
ion, whollrinadequate. To give to this leading
branch of American industry the encouragement
winch it omit's, I respectfully recommend the es
niblit,hinent 41 agricullitral Bureau, to be connected
with the Gelkruberit of the Interior. To elevate
the social condition of the agrizulturist, to increase
his prosperity, and to extend his means of useful
ness to his country by multiplying his soetces of
information shouhl be the study or every stateentan,
and a primary object with every legislator.
N,u cavil government having been provided by
Congress for California, the people of the . Territory,
impelled by the necessities bf their political condi
tion, recently met in convention, for The purpose
of forminga constitutional government, which the
latest ad vices give see reason to suppose, has been
accomplished ; !Wit is believed they will shortly
'apply for the admission of California into the Un
ion a' , a sovereign State. Should such be the case
and should their constitution be conformable to , the
requisitions of the Cons i Oen of the United' States
I recommend their application bathe favorable con
sideration of Congress.
The people Of New Mexico wilt also, it is believ
ed at no very distant period, present themselves
tor tdme-ion into the Union. Preparatory to She
admission of California -and New Mexico, the peo
ple of each will have instituted for themselves a
repot bean form of government, laying its Imelda
thins in sneh principles, and organizing its power
in euch form, as to them shall seem most likely to
effect their safety and happiness."
By awaiting their aciieni all causes of uneasiness
may be avoided, and confidence and kind feeling
preserved. With a view of maintaining the bar
mony end tranqutlity so dearro all, we Arnold ab
stain from the mtroductioa of those exciting topics
of sectional character which have hitherto produced
painful apprehensions In the public mind; and I
repeat 'the solemn warning of the first and most
illustrious of my peederessors against furnishing
any grim ndfor characterizing parties by geographi
cal diserimipattous."
A Collector has been appointed at San Francisco,
under the act of Congress extending the revenue
laws over California; and measures have been ta
ken to organize the custom-houses 'tit that sad the
other ports mentioned in that act. at the earliest
period practicable. The collector proceeded over
land, and advice' have not "yet been received of his
arrival at San Francisco. Meanwhile, it is under
stood that the customs have continued to be collec
ted there by officers acting , tinder the military author
ity, as they were during the administration of my
predecessor. It Will. - I think. be expedient .to con
firm the collections thui made, and direct the avails,
(after such allowances as Con'etess may think fit to
authorize,) to be espended,witltin die Territory. or
in be paid into the Treasury, for the purpose of
meeting appropriations fur the tasprosretatint of its
rivers and harbors.
A party, engaged eV tte Coast survey. was des
patched to Oregon in January last. According to
' the latest &deices, they had poi left California; and
dincuons have teen given to them as soon as they
shalt have fixed on the sites of the two light-bouses
and the buoys authorized to be constructed and
placed in Oregon. to proceed without delay to make
I reconnoissances of the most imponsot poises costae
coast of Califo rnia, and especially to examine end
n
determine sites for lighthouses on that coast,
the speedy erection of which is orgently deminded
by our rapidly increasing commerce.
I have transferred the radian Agencies _from Up
per Missouri and Cotrnelf Sinfi's M Santa Fe and
Salt Lake; and have caused to be appointed sub
agents in the valleys of the Gila. lite Sacramento.
and Kan- Joaquin rivers. Still &eller legal provis
lots will he necessary for the eflective and success
ful exten..ion of ofir system of Indian intercorirse
over the new Territories.
I recommend the establishment of a branch mint
in California. as it wilt, in my opinion, affind
15Ortaet facilities to those engaged in mining, as
well as to the Government in the disposition of the
mineral lands.
I also recommend that commissvoref. be orgieffized
by Congress, to exact-hie and decide upon the va
lidity of the present subsisting land titles is Cali
fornia and New Metre° ; and that rrovisione be
made for the y establishment of offices of Surveyor
General in New Mexico. California, and Oregon.and
fur the surveying and bringing into roarkei the pub
lic lands in those Territories. Those lands, remote
itr position and difficult of acmes. ought to be
,dis
posed of on terms liberal to alt, but especially fa
vorable to the early ersograez. '
In order that the situation and character of the
principal mineral deposties in California may be
%.scertained: i recomrneud that a geological and mi
neralogical exploration be connected with the linear
. surveys ; and that the mineral lands be divided into
email lots suitable for mining, and be disposed of,
'by sale e.r tease. so me to give our thetas' ad op=
mettle ity of procuring a permanent right of proper
ty is the soil. This would seem to be as important
to the success of mining: as of agricultural pursuits.
The great mineral Stealth of California. and the
advantages which its mama and . harbOrs. and those
of Oregon..tafforil to commerce, especially with the
island& of. the Pacific end Indian -oceans, and-the.
populous regions of Eastern Asia. make it , certain
that there a ill-arise, in a few year., latge'and pros
,perrocks communities on ourwestern coast. It; there
foie, becomes important that 2 tine of commanica
ition. the hest and most expeditions which -the ma-
Lure of the Actuary -will admit, should- be-opened.
within the territory of the United States., from the
navigable waters of the Atlantic or the • Golf. of
Mexico. to -the Pacike. Opinion, as elicited and
expressed by two large andrespectabht Conventions,
lately assembled at at. Louis and Memphis, points
to a rail road as that whiickit if ptadticable„ will best
meet the - wishes and warms of the . moony. But
while this, if in soccelisful • operation, would be a
work of greet national impatience., and of a value
to thecouotry which it -wouldbe ditficaluto estimate.
it ought also to tbe egtrtleft it's an orillerleking of
vast magnitude and expense, and one which Otis!,
if it be, indeed, practicable.feneottater mermdilficur
ties in ifs ~consteuctien and use.. Therefore, to
avoid failoreand Jiipappoicktinent ; to. enable Von-i . ,
gre ss to' judge whether. in the conditionlof the cosh
try throughmktioirirmast pass, the work be feast- 11
b_,/evikull;l6iLhe owlibeiber it should be un•
oerralten Aisisonitimai.intplovirine4sor4elb to ,
;aid,
1ina,444 Abe fatter shenittive. what
;aid, if any; oisght,tn extended to it by the Governt.
_meat, I recommind.as. a preliminary Mama. a I
,canefol reconnoissiuice of the several' proposed
„routes by a acietitifin corps, and a report as; to the
prieticabillry of making such a road, With: OAS&
„mate of theroost &its eonstruellpo and sapt.
, not foribervlesre on these and other matters cosit
:neatest wkb the duties-of die tome Departreeet,
ureter you to the report of the Secretary of thi bite-
Tier.
the river and harbor improvements wha l e - 1W Tries
already begin, sod alio for the construction of thaw
for which tableau.* have made. as well as for
enrabtatioes and - estistltes preperatety to lho
coinMeneetneht of sack 'Kiwis as the "'alai et the
country. and especially the sinew aster *MOP
ilea otter near districts, set -the esteaskia d,cow,
manse, may reader aeeessary. ha estimate Of the
motet -which cat be- advantageoesly expended
within the -seat Aseal • year, guider the On. aim of
the Bureau rirropograpaitil Engineers,' S00 0 mPo:
niesthe report °Me eleerstaq of War. le WO* !
respectfully invite the amebae o(Cortimen‘i
The cession of territory made by the late treaty
with Mexico has greatly extendedver exposed figs
tier, raid rendered its defence more difficult. That
'treaty has also brought es 'under obligalioas to
Mexico, to comply with which ei.toilitary force is
requisite. But our military swablishmeat—is not
materially changed. as to its efficiermidroar the
condition in which it stood- before. 'the couimesice
meat of the Mexican. ar. Borne addition to-it will
therefore become necessary; and l'recommend to
the favorablecooside ration of Congresswn unease:
of the several corps of the army at our distant-wes-,
-tern posts. as proposed in the accompanyiagseport
or the Secretary or War. _ _
Great embarrassment has resulted from the erect
upon rank. in the army. heretofore given to- =brevet
and.stliff commissions. The views of the Ikereta
ry of War, upon this subject, are deemed impor
tant, end, if carried into effect, will, it bettered.
promote the harmony of the service. The Planpro
posed for retiring disabled officers, and providing
an Asylum fur such of the rank and Ikea frontage.
wounds, and otherinfirmitiesoccasirmetThy service.
have become unfit to perfonntheirrespectivedaties
is recommended as a means of increasing the
ei
ciency of the army, and as au actof justice, from
a grateful country to a faithful - 'oldies
The accompanying letter of the beenetery 'the
Navy presents a full and satisfactory account the
condition and operations of the wavai servicedur.
ing the past year. Our, citizens engaged in the le
,gitiilitate pursuits of commit:tee have enjoyed' as be
nefits. Wherever our natiOnaL vessels have gone,
they have been receivetetrith respect, our officers
have been treated with kindless and courtesy, and
they have, on all occasions, pursued a course of
Istrict neutrality. in accordance with the policy of our
I Government. •
The naval force at present in commission is as.
large as is admissable, with the number of men au
thorized by Convene to be employed.
I invite, your attention to the reccommendation of
the Secretary ef,the Navy on the subject of the re
organisation of the Navy. is its various grades of
officers, and the establistieg of a retired list for such
of the officers as are disqualified for active and ef
fectivesery ice. bhould Congress adoptwome sach.
measure as is recommended, it willgreatly increase
the efficiency of the Navy, and reduce its expendi
tures.
I also ask your attention to, the views expressed
by him in reference to the employment of war stea
mers, end in' regard to the contracts for the trans
portation of the United Buttes' mails.ar.d.the opera
tion of the system up-in the prosperity of the Navy.
By an act of Congress passed August 14th, 18411,
provision was made for extending post office and
mall accommodations to Oregon and California.—
gmertiens have been made to execute that law; but
the limited provisions of the act. the inadequacy of
the means it authorizes, the ill adaptatioaof our post
office laws no the situation of that enantry, and the
measure of compensation for services allowed by
those laws, compared with the prices of. labor and
rents in Califor.sta, render those exertions, in a great
degree, ineffectual. More particular and efficient
provision oy law, is -required on this subject.
The act of 1845, reducing postage, has now , by
its operation daring four years, produced' results
fully showing that the income from such reduced
postage is sufficient to sustain the whole expense ef
the service of the Po.t Office Department, not iambi
king the cost of transportation in mail steamers on
the lines from New York to Chagrin, land from Pa
nama to Astoria.which have nut been considered
by Congress as properly belonging to the mail ser
vice.
it is submitted to the wisdom of Congress, wheth
er a further reduction of postage should not now be
made, more particularly on - the letter correspan
dance. This should be relieved front the unjust
burthen of transporting and drli vering the franked
matter of Congress, for which public provision
should be m*de from the Treasury. I confidently
believe that a change Inas be safely made, reducing
all single lever postage to the uniform rate of five
eenti,regardless of distance, without tbereby impo
sing any greater tax on the treasury, than would
constitute, a very moderate compeasation far this
public service; and I therefore respectfully recom
mend su -It a redaction. Shoulder)" agrees prefer to
abolish the franking prtrilegeeatirely, it seems pro.
bible that no demand on the treason would hallow
from the proposed - redectioo of postage.- Whether
any farther dimonition should now be made, or the
result of the reduction to five cents, which I have
recommended, should be first tested, is submitted to
your decision.
Binee the commencement of the last session of
Congress, a postal treaty, with Great liritain has
been received and ratified. and such regulations I
have been formed by the Post Office Bei:tandems of
the two countries, in pursuance of that treeless to
carry its provisions into full operation. The at
temp. to extend this same arrangement, ebto' Eng.
I land, to Fraoce,has nor been abendoned.
For a particular staiement of the condition of the
Post Office Department, and tribet.matters connect
ed with that branch - of the-public 'service. I refer
,you to the report of the Post Master-General.
By the act of the 3d if March; 111411,,a Board was
constituted to make arrifigements for tabiastire se
venth census; composed of :he Rectetary of State,
the Attornej General and the Postmaster General ;
and it was made the duty of this Board '' toprepare
and. cease to be riffled- nigh fermi and schedules
as might he necessary for the' fall enumeration of
the inhabitants of the United States; and also pro.
per forms and schedules for collectiog in statistical
tables, under proper beads, such information as to
Mines, agriculture, commerce, manufactures, educe
tints, 'tried other topics, as would exhibit a full view
edge trursuits, industry, education and resource:, of
the country." The duties enjoined upon the (k n av e
Beard, thui established, having been peif i emined, ti
vests onPongress to enact a law fottlearrsiel into et:
feet the provision of the-Constitutiot lima ereg g ives
an icon' enumeration of the moos of ilie" Cased
States within " t he ensuing yeti-, , • . •
I A mong . the '
sties assimcd i by tbil.CMlnitiiiiint fo
dieGetteralliltitlertantedis o n e a ffiaki iiimiliiiited
aPPllcationfbqtraht; ink thil she lino obit=
g i k u t__ r j ' kOAD l ;ale fodie , frOsteommitted 19 Ooaress,
•
as , 11 " er Galsive legislater.ted , effie guardian of the
jotorCets of tbeDistrict of Colombia. I beg to cow
li.ead tbeselaterests to your ,kiadadeation,Ass,the
, National.idetropolis,thecirpaCWai mull
be.sti,ohyiect,. of,geamol Usenet t Aid. as. it
was under the auspices of him .w , immortal
I. sante it bears, its claims , to the fostering .cave of
Otnigiess te'resellt themselves+ infh additional Strew
Whatever can, sontributerto hi grosperity - stast ea.
list the feelings ails Crumfitationak gasmOitant
command their favontblexossideradtet•
,
Our Giovenstov,t is MaeoffirailetkPoWellt.abd its
successful adthintitrafion amiaittilgidependsoo the
confinement of each of its eo-ordinste brinebei ,
mithitrion oven aticivOririste Witte. The first sec-
iton of the Constitution ordains that " AUlegislistive
powers therein granted' shad be vested irrlrCent
geese of the United State, *ldch shall centrist of a
Somas and House of Representativet." The ate- ,
•
cativerhat authority to reeommend (got to dictate)
measures to Congress.' Having performed thar du
, ty, the Executive Department of the Govermisent
cannot rightfully eontnal the decision of Congress
'on any subject -of legislation; - OMB ausf &tuft:4l
.shall hsve been offiehtliv submitted th the President
'forl&Or approval.. Villtoheelk firdiridedby-the.Gen
stitution, in the clause cogfeningtheljnallifietireto , ,,
will never be exercised by me, except in; the oldies
contemplated by the Whim of the , ger:it:die. - Priem
it Ism emirate measure; to - be resorted to itr extra.
sa
ordinal? casetwras where it msy become ry
tadefend the rafted* against thermicibi . ails
of We legislative povverwor so preempt hasty d in
considerate or oneonsiltallsaaliegeslitioa , .41y-eaa
lioirilr eottaniag this vamedgtmithia t ha spharepre.
' , scribed to bin the usempontattotti e of
ithelhavers of the Cotiatitation, the
liftitimatelyespressalos all
.„ . , •
dos, diVough their edastitistiead'' • • J
tom agtrltePtesentitives ollihr Ui . .11111 tea, mil'
hate its fall effect. - M shethigilasatde tb the •geris.er
PelmieW tithe lathes at did lames sal
the people is igemmteeff.lo the Coadtaties t sad
.1"" r9Orlasibility to any Intant, peter bet
r 41"1014111- 111011kgteitentative
revemalideVidi ID We papa. aiidt6eitWitld Ida
trust all other -iadasaces. we Ammo la Aerates . I
ad* toulOsht, sod quick,* bled*" at kisPoD
tibial to bis easatry. It is adet . these elreemstais- ,
wee wily that tbe easter aint feel that. it dos choice
die lit ,, 4taker, bat iii bid lady, a liffeirdwat
Ithe WeerelPrp(
wa the nafaa °Wilb
.erM t elt•ys shotal defeed 'theedihtklff
• 1824 elltly* ut. ' Oar.
meat" :tialy be preteivediditirptl i by the sup
p. bed eliminadon of every tr,tendett ,
cy iree eti-iirdinete brach tii'lnartiiitbeteat upon
soother. With ibe strict obieniiiiiie *r ale tate and
!the Heber injoactiose of the constittidlkt—with a se-
Mama inculcation of that respect and love :for the
link* of the Buttes, which nurfathers ebelished sod
-ttajoijaed ape their children., said Stith the aifftif
Abettiveturaling firoSidenee Which lull so king kid •
do kindly (needed our libeniel and althations, we
• milliqessonably stpeet to transmit Meat with their
innumerable blessings unlit remotest posterity.'
• ant attachment to the Uslion, of At States shbold
be•babitually fostered it 'evert Absetieadliearte--
For more than half d ceknitz, daring which king
doms and &spites We . fallen; tbli talon has stood
unshaken. The gatiicatiebolixteedit have lout
since descended Wee; let still it remains,
the proudest monumenA. to their: mentorf: thir
object of affection." h admiratioa with every one
worthy to bear the American name. In my pear
ment,its dissolatioit wield be the greatest of calam
ities, and to overt dun Should be the study of 'evety
- American. Upon its presentation meat depend our
owa happiness and that of eoelithes generations to
come. Whatever dampers may threaten. it. Isbell
•staed by it ad 'naiads it to its Mut frityito the fall
meat of the obligation iturtreed, and the power
eon/erred apes me by the Consetatioa
X. TItYLOR.
Washington, Deeembef ea. Wt.
Diaed,
LB this borough. on Mon rri
day. 24th toe- bi Bei. Mr.
Brown. Wis. Cantos& of this &W. ro )Yi*lLTM*
Bsabwill, of Monroe. t
.
In Monroe. Dea. - Isi. after a km* and distressing
illness which hi bore with mesh Wiesen atilt res.
iguanas. fir. Joins P. a=?Shia the alhh 7W Of his
Age.
An affectionate husband, a Mad parent, au( an
upright and virtnous citiben. has thus been taken
from the walks of human life, in the hour of man
hood. Bat death to him was deprived of its ter
rors, for he died as he had lived trusting in the
goodness of that Ciod • who will have all men to be
sawed and come mad the knowledge of the truth
. May God's blessing be upon tbose whose bee s
have been made sad because of the sundering of
earthly ties, and bops point to a ex...onion of kindred
souls where partiiii alkali be no more. [Cow.
Nue gleiftibsapcuta.
VALUABLE ,MILL PROPERTY
FOR SALE-
UTILL ha ezposed,tomila at Auction at the MSc
Rouse now kept by Ezra Bpakhog, at Mercuri;
burg. in Franklin, township, Bradford county, Penn's..
ros the :4th day of JANUARY next, at one o'clock,
14., those valuable
eikeW
situate on the Timis& cork, in Franklin township,
about van sad a half miles from the borough of To
*soda. on the main road leading from said borough to.
witr l sit men* built by the Mama Fowler and
Ridge. with imam! screed' land, and may name&
ry w privilege coaseeted theorists, together with
Itirelliat lark fled,
The are large. specious mad nearly any, built
and finked in the mom modem and improved mm mar.
.and are now is an amellein mate of rap*. Imatedi•
ate paamesion qm les given.
The above property ales. me indacemente for per
rose wishing to ammo in the Lumbering Minims& A
rerionable credit will be given, with good ascority.
For farther hefetsmakee enquire of h W. MUM
et Towands. Pa.. at any time pokes ter the ahem
appointed thae..end an said day at So plane Glade.
Towanda. December U. IBM
Ship Ahoy t Mt. J, 1,
THE PEOPLE'S EARGE. bee wired mow lm the
. hither of D. tI9IID, istlewirkh 11i. one
Pipe, Tin sod fluniwiro bats id psthi of MO verrld.
She carries a& bet Tarp gots, gripe trod bothrthi lt.
for her ernillest Ooithros Ore, 4011 1 .tfroli titles
pleb eatrehl doh the esworkie elt/solhientld'llEo
ponertgers lino left the old ask and lien, thrill at
booed of tie Peoples Drente, where' glOnt tilt- the
wonb of theirsoosy. Capt. O.J. K. aid erne at the
sold etsl we ott e 1 sight of hod, sod the insets hes
oottttheoced ihrovelostbehmalters epos tbs tones deck
of the old ship. D. LORD.
Towered', Dee. 25, 1546.: " People's Doge.
AUDITOR'S NOTICE.-
THE subscriber Wring bon anseinned Ir a A u dit or
by tbe Orphans emoted. the weeny ni• uredowd.
so marshal emus and diatidinikthe Inked by the
Adminisorstoes sale of di* not t oi l moons ! m od s o f
Joseph H. Beeman. tato of l owog hip,
dean sod. will attend to the duties of said enprintsent
at Ida ales in the bortr. s er of Towanda, on eataniey,
the Rd de, of Febrgasy nest, et 3 o'clock in the atter
me. at tad* ease end plans elk Femme intereded
11111 4"." *ifeefainia, or bs debarred hoe Mang
is kr *avast of said find.' mi. scow,
Teemed., Deo. 14, 1149. Auditor.
AliDiTOFt'S NOTICE:
Joao* Room* now to the see qf Geo 11. Little. Jo
/OABower* and .1). Eerie et. .Soltiosa.
Pine,Vewl. Es. oft No, $22, DEI T. 111411.
trait esteltrekeei betherbeili appeiebetee Asher
1 by the OeettarCemesepiese at IlerMbeitholho
iss.aseithetotheffeeisleised Of the .a$ .sonde.
tauotP iliptlsiiaas.tWys{imiegirrtirisp;tiMw
test eltund egoeistaiset, bie elks is
*. i •
et Towed% is May. till lat Aryst
Finrety softest ebb think: ietherehenbeematerhith
ties arlybee•l4lmote biesteetel • will 016•11, pm"
Istheir tiger, orbs debited fres swim he be a ban
et slid listlL • W111.11t101".
iTeestelathe:246 IS4$ s. Auditor.
' ' A • ORM
Hika ISt.
AM9 Mak aftlaultd .
gears daft et Braatarl as
warshall
tha.falat Jai/ad iwie itttater
400.0,0100** *4 eras a I aim at Wira.
16 . 11 - 11 k Alkalise
*my adios in d To.
01l **lD* hit Alasemily ice_4l
-1 0 1 441. p 14140 1 40 1 1. 1111 4*S•lo Pirsli*V ll .loPd
laquivai la lomat ink '
akitithat
esesfist soot
Towanda. rica.-St, kaiser.
91=1:414Fir tif4Mo
BY eiriee in order, of the Orphans i ' Minn
•
or. Pridkordgnitety. will be eipaed to mai kt
public venue, at Walleye', ne the iht
2:d day of Isittitay_ nest, it I o'eloeltrs . M., the feir
lovringrieser,ihed propeny situate in Litchfield . tirik;,
itA,lnqds„ Couny. to with A il dint. *ORION tin& of
land sbettaniii7 g trienty fee acres ! . fates' in' the ten
ore of.Sestuel Itnit deeetteed., LOAe on Or tides
by I ;Lodi of 6111•01. bifida* Wig Ike hoof
. sim ef ifieesetiltiß #o*. Alkult
theredritnjifoild. With. I ft MOO siiiAttatir
and Mt npirte °taint theietigd •• "3
aheey and aerate & bola lip) ,
.•
OAVIXAt -
.1a7112111.10.141111141Va1ai1l
MIMI ,
Iv T sod
ihiegyvall peed. 4 WI
await lisrairir allaeli'7'
. 7 rl i r illt • .AA ;
-Wrieetelliet4 :5, '4ll 101 • 11 1 V1KRIMPIL.
• • • 14-, st-••
Obeli.
PUBLIC BALKH PIIniLDBLPIIIA
• IMAM Thlirmumbi Wank. 31104
COV I MONDAY,, JASUARY, *ft e-
V (Lek, PAC, wilt: is .441 at "bus *At :44 1
"wiliwps Thiseremilip
Wed Dollen TOW.ANDA. SANK NO'S ~ , iiil4 . l
collateral sediritt.
Ptij 1941.
.1; 1 4 PI!!4 0 'Ate.
01137.0.1 W -: VOV.lttlf 4 11101111.'
lott Me.P6( titish WINO — "'m i t}
..a.2 lemony, will' bi . espoi:rd to puhbc saltaesilie
`oloibises Troy ournalpn in said t!scruiy;aii'M.9l.
ditj ih'e'itlileitily'lif''Ainnary 1850 i latilaro:o4k
P. M., alCiliitin'essnace and trail of link !Pile
lb said `tr oy ;ownililp t ,bonn,ded tend tsiiiEwiras
.rollbws wilei 'on the north bylands ok,the ;heirs
of Almeria Herrick. on. The east by the Isigt way.
leading front Granirille to Troy, on the' sotith by
lands of Charles Larne - tali and an the west by lands
of Herkiettaill. abutet seveniy r iteleikof
itiont siOres,iliereof improYect." tiitb' : a
framed Anus!, /01 : bscri cirehaid thereon‘
Altepdanee even; hid ifirts witire•linMen on the
day Zit sale. . CtiAlttti4 DIe. O •KK.
Ail DUE W T._ MO Mak.
Granville. bee.** 1" 9 0:". • ,
Tow n4to) Ao
rllllllll.liiitittitiOn 81411 ,_•lacee etttiette",
of a It Irittet 'M. M. Mfr. • will
commence on Monday tbeith daidf '• r pest.
'll* Abadtmr tea4ll9rdhit'siertif. fUr terms
of eleven weeks each Commeocing des etitroly.
Cfetober Siti; 7 attfl *MB hiid Jone
1 1 7111 1650
/WHO. loft *trim t
Cfrdingraphy. grant, •Writitig,
phi and Mental Arithmetic, 12 00
The sank, trith Wells' "returner. Adams'
AvAttittette. dtitfToWn's Analyslltt
Philosophy, Chenaketrt,lllletbric; Coed; its:
mown," and look Keeping,
Ateelera. GitcrOletrt,'l l rigottouterry, dinrvey..,
Anat l ytieal (hi or.
4 Se
Latin;Ciree* dod Prettcb Leaguers, 0 Q 0
Fd'el,. I st add terith'er. • tni
Scholar, reciti.ved at day perioirot tied: ett
chatted adirt — Mietlie Ilia* of their entrahee;
Board can be obtained in private families on rid
sensible teidi*; J. Di MOSTAM."Presk
C. 7 Witieiget r t.'of Bond d Trustees. • I.
Towanda, Sept: 1, *B4O.
N EIV STORE !
Dmost & ca. have opened a state et HCHN
• BR00:1C, with !splendid tot of
DRY ton maim BOOTS AOD SHOES,
Hardware, Hats and Cape, Ate , &c., to" widelt they
invite the citizen• of Bradford twenty to come end look
for theoiselires: A. we bars no rent to pay, we are de
termined ro goods tight—lnt shall leave it to me
people to, judge.
Handittinifi Dili:ember rt. 1849 !_ ' )
AUDITOR'S Will:Z.
TE undersigned having been appointed an Auditor
by the Orphan's court of the county of Bradklrd.
an Auditor, oa exception filed to the adintinistration
icatut or Byron Kingstrem adarinisteitor of the estate
of Simian Spalding. deed., will attendsollie ditties of
his appriihteseittlet the •Werci Have, in Tovranda, at
1 o'clock in tne afternuon of the 22d day of
nest, dee& b. BULLOCK, A.. •
TORMASIVW geoligls1 3 - 33SIfi.
BY an order of the Orrltank Court of Bradford
co" will be exposed to puha AN at the 'prem
ises, inSheshequin township, Bradfistel co. Be, oo
SATURDAY the fith day of Jana* 1850;01 19
o'clock, A. M., all thampiece or paredof landlying
and being in said towelhip, arid bolinded as followel
on then orth by landilielonging io fhe'estite of *eV
and 14. Horton deed, Benjamin IhnifliitalViis i Smith
and Reuben Young, con the . ease by fans of 'Syl
vester Horton and John Tompkins, on ewe son* by
lands of David Horton and Burgess Barnum, alui•
west by lands of U. E. Horton. Containing about
Any - acres.
Also, on the same day,' at 2 o'clock P. IR., on the
pismires, an equitable interest in the undivided half
of one other piece or parcel of land situate in the
same township, bounded as follows, to wit: begin
ning at the north east corner , of a lot contrided by
Reify dote ind Joseph Ringsbery to Eke W;Trnacii
thenci tide degree act 20 5.10 perches to a
fl fence north W rest 140 perches to a pOl % im the
east /in" of Harry , Smilits • lot, 11120 Se nisch 1°
tiest;3ll and 6.10 perches to the No.th we sp o rnee
of the said Trode'bot; thente "south, hest one
bandied and forty percltta - t o . the kiijOjiii t , C oo .
tabling twenty4itte sit ea and • o ar perches strict
measure. - .
Attendance g: A r ens and toms made known on the
day of sale. Ylifts7yßAlTOß.
Adm.,Awn.
Dee; 1849.
E 2!!
D STOITES, STOVES til
.C.ll ALL. respectfully inforridbie Mae& ind the
. public, that be bas sow for sale Atlas AMORE,
a general and choice amortment of STOVEIN of all '
dieted tetier*rthieft bkisflrepafel to AID It *hot*
eels or retail; or exchange for country produce upon the
mod accommoditieg terms. •
For stares, dielliset; "Olean& tintware, Ma assert.
maid is 066 0 0 4- BF ratikft4 tifirmake 4 0 .0feeld
cistilmera,bi whom, plat lid renildi tie
tattoo to glee, blot • all before piitchatier alsedber — ei
Don't narittatiolece—but teatmeber HALL% mirth
ale of tba Publit Agee* hi NE;onitayee MAW , •
07 These indebted is me, em hereby notified that
tem Or clashon eq teelte. and unless theyrime - ms.
AMIN they *ID be eempelled tar , di• ee;
without further Pada DIV. HAM
Tewands Dee. :12,11149. •
S I EN
gr ; utinalumbpo . v kw.* dt• vow el
- 11 -s iddillevali' CogagY. RA I , is ark imep
aortal } iestuader •dm mayariiimisla ai groi, , J.
XXWEL,A.Mi. Prismiyaloard Mier Maria G. Maw
Primary ramiapiolir ilarmr. • , , Of
Emilia barmaiwollasiamrammorced,l s 69
d e l a.r. de ativarmarl. : 3
•
46 14= 1 ,44 . 27 . 44 - . IsONiersc ".i' ' ''' .,•:l , .;.7.1
Dregril344,Blo•llll.lP.lcate3M -.. .. , . .
hichkallamPag e k Psf Viligler.-.1 ~ ~, ' 24
.d... .. • ft.. .. s . me _
i n earrai==4l64l - : 2 - 61 - litt Ail 8
TM* rigarast momenam rib. 14. 3 11 * .
TotiektiAireetit~n INI01; OW'
1 • gra ' bi t u a t a b. §,,, P A,l 66 4 l .:P= "1
i 'l:2. , But.Locs, crituvey. . ' 2.4/-'
NEW ARRIVAL AT 111 E .
OLD DRUG STORE, ,
ail" aria am&
• - •
1101118Torf •PORTER an soli vottanaw ak Na
.111... L. ihitif Row, a leer soMitib to Oar loitios ,
atadr.- cwwirdwg of
6114.4.'„
atiionmoodfrioto.volostil TharoloS
alforshe aaYi iM*WM at ertleft MillifottboiPC
MIN T.Mg , COM PANY.
whist& liwf Aosta trmitato to vatoottmoot-lef'bobiltita•
pail" to oil eitharialpottea. Ytti* ogia.
• ey of aisk Orsini PorooMikefitidevattoati - '
• Newel* St 1841 t
Coaditel bes or
at , - , 411` evirroluit, -
Miff .77 thiNtaime
• . AtiIiTOII.4IOOIITRWOI
BEM
*Ails thili
Av. I. "ww' •
mtar
....N.
... .
i-. 4,* • 01 € 1 11 7• ..- 1 46: 1 C- . -
DT vitiator it brit it Treat tkikiityptsat of
17 daMotfri if Ccisetii IlleatreTPßlN*l" eoise--
ty. le vielbleifterdlin 7 4000 till 0411613
. ask is
the Ceara Holm is den& oC.Toeitedb.te.llle*.
day. the 14* diyint; IM. at rfiiineic.
t i el= l 7.laleetitpkreek .. dr Vat . _,Aoita
in - DMA: litilftee - sitt ffsifted
;a . s.fo aw ii,,Tr.,:fr cid at MAJOOK.' &r
-,lisk a i dgebial
il4sti lragroilnla
ow nneit nq 1 dlO4-
*woe fir tbe.eetitriff . Abe
the
alit difteCiiii ffibt tilif ieblkait *Ver.
Coetsiebegeb94fpw.beadrsd.; me, *WI *be
t o
the mune =it-or lee. 1041 , one /flibq - M._# „.. f
ry acres Vireill. wittiii,airsic ow= oven
.ing hothlii. Yee:l4o:eitfeag4 4 #E.- . 0. 14 '
1 two fr amed bouts asil:n* :abet, ~fintne4,,iniig
fortieoy cierapiioa,s atkikaill,tifeiapile
and otbii 'Won' tree. Orion":
Seitta aitiftsidthrib tatadtiintiet tlif stiviiit take
F. .Iffairf iiiiif. in4ilit Paine.' , - 4-,
nail-410 lolldWrit teatritio piece I Arco
of land Aiwa. and Dein is BOW efeel to , t' ib
ankbulonded,os tiAlluirs. to' wit: Oa tbi &drip
4644 tooling awmhp Oil ell* Am taelesetby
land of J.Vina4e, (in the soot% hi ladll of iitionzo
Rolm, on d* it&r. tg- WAWA' Salmi . alit' el 'W.
Quiet. Inefattilbribbot4'aem„ *bog' arliaa.
with *boat4o - feres iisprtsimlithlvs-1 'illikst Wass
and barn ifirinftinkttntftirgettietiliil;:-
Seized and taken iemewildre al sin" ft ta.
tber Gam vs. Illenjilftetat.A. . _-0. • ; ":,. :...:.
Wm.A.lXolllllliB;Pet.
Ithenti 011ievi t ; W. .
_ . ~
t%I'M it inieigidgettilltil*
oir or and Merchandise: refeigli
Goodi and MiMerchandise:tn. g1441V:
lifeltatf•
classified and mused' ifiennliag to lair for 11).
year 11147 Y . - •
144=4
414176/146.r.:. *At , AWL
Jaha Horton. 1614 , -14 .$7 OV
Eliner ffilttpri a t
_,,.4 . 14, 7 eir
Bidleman &Jiro a
Wiaingfrk '
Maeda!?.-,
/An Watilithe-
4 1 eV
Wta'x il i airtt . c
Wells & Horns
fi Vpmstaelr
:Ft **Ala 4.4:01
Pheitis it Wancef,
Park.
Cori/ell & Gee.
dr at 0* Worley,'
J' V MuiteN"
Job, Moder ,
E Geertoir;
Nean &
C Matbbao.
U Moody & Co.,
0 Debadibellkt,-
dutthin.
A Alva*
111 Cane
J W Mereoti
Havity,
Ballard & Fresh*,
:Merritt
L B Broirpson.
Lacy
Holcomb & &land, . 4. rt
Parkhurst & Cu.,
iNnfos..
J I Warfqrdilig. 14
J II Phinel•
" r 4
88&J V iN Itimiladi aI/
Rohrer totler, - rio liit I
JII4! GI dratittr. . + t
.4ldea & Coo/Wine/1 : A . 14
John Hans4jr. , 4-. 14
*craft & lor.i4erlii e , 14
1
Brewster; a 14
12=Min
A 8 Smith,
H Little.
D Bailey & sow,. •
Ifidgberg
C kitrpti.
ceettli
t. 8 Nyasa].
8 F Washburn,
P W Marina,
0 Siamls,
- ' N
„WaSagaplak. & ....f.,
Coney Pantile; . -
, graValt -.,
Lyman Derfey,N - r- WI;14 -- t
11 Bullock a eo.; -• . , , . i
Z 6 Tracy, • lA' iii: 13
. §irliipfittlit.
.Itilaul Rpear. - .7 • i,4
Ptne & Bennett; • ' lih: t 4
W T Pity.— 1 : ~,,”. 14
01
~011 Hillard. ' . f '
nn 14.14
Lucius Frinelt, • * 14 '
-sicurtfig Mini: ,
H lir 'rind lici: I*,
Zlv taird.- ~. no iii; 14
Kenos, Storrs & Co.. . m 14
?Wanda iiii;ottirk. „ '
it a* t vortie; . i 6 01 04 0
litoniiiii &Co:: ' - si 0 ,24 or
.I.Bogebtry; * is:
10 or
PI N 80% II 13 1000
;. i 3 -s lO oil
. ft,6 lliki r et ik if i t iorti; I • • lig. 14 ' 10 40
11 T . fon.. lo 14.. 14 - .13 MP
tritgPi:4 do 13 12 50*
ett, - 0 13 10 60*
tl eau 41. - TouhtiAi. - '-. * 12 'l2 Or
I‘lbre Hall.- (Duthiltic) • 12 ssa
8 R High . ~ *. 14, 7Ow
Taranydtaery, ' lig. 54' 14 5,
aim! Hi
Huston* . feet. • " • " ' 24 a Or'
4 , W.T.flay,AssitatleClited,- an lit 14, ,:, 700
rlalo. , „:', ..it. 7.46
ini; ; • - ' 44 .fa ' W . r.ad
,13 - - 14 . .. , . .--, , ..1. 1W • yes
3..
6 t4-0 4.
410 141iintyi
rilitiatireispbessa,
4911rFe
ven. -
0 0 1 2 t
IlitifeKl3 4 yitt & roviNstiff:
SO& L - Silliirk •
1111spari •
*. 01'11044
dot Mow
pp~k_wpm Vfooth
& Matta;
witii& co,
I,paj Bafflactoa,
Robetri'e6bptt a •
.1 1 1 14 1 i ot . overgibrit' 1 1 4 730
14: r 7,
13 10 00'e
•-• • It • 011
tr i lit ol 97e. r 0 0
ri;r:rn est arri - 1 , -*
hail* licitomilV liK. . 10 ' 30 30
*-1/401Se . 6 4N 7- b°
•latiptitLiimbseih
.1)10:(03i. 1043, nint.
= • Tmesiorer.
la • • - I.6oBied sr
:11J .
I • RiesikocilitAtelmw • 41 . 6 6 .1 "." 1
•AM. ingaMllur.
Ata wigoury.,o Wk. Wiiihow*tie
cairt b• - • P . M! re IOW", !WIRY.
14 7 60
a IS TOY
' 14 700'
411 Wit Boning!
ts re tie
a s
a qr isibs
iv is so
4. 13 10 09
- liq. , la IA 90
no 114; 14 7 - 4111°
1$ 'lt Oa
no lit. 13 10 00
• 141y3,60
• " 14 700
" 14 700
11ei. 13
a 18
little!.
nn'lid:•
te'
a
liq. 14
Fran/din
rt
0 . 0 gq;
Gnmtilie.
4 14
. k it
N . I*
14
66°
fy :be
. iia
=I
Try Amok
t .
t -
ft It be
*OW lb 4Yb'
lit) -IP:14 , 711
)24..12' War ,
a-
- 111110°
7;.110
a . Str
it ibk
_ oo
- zi if Mr
a it it OP
mik,L
*4 . a ,yr
• 14 7 UP
13 Or
15 IV
7 NI
7 00•
7 Op
10 be
ID 50
7"
if od
EZ:3
E
ro' St
td- et
JO Se
7 1 00g
I - I*
X ee
I er
7 oil ,
5.6
i de
7 00
7 00
10.00
10.09
7 00
7 00
2 al
lb 00 -
la oo•
011
10 00
T 00•
10 60•
10.60"
7 00'
7 OM
It B6
04*
7 ilo