U
QretOW aeportev.
Free Soll, : •Free Speeth, Free Men!
Pres'loso for /tree Territory.
E. 0. GOODRICH, EDITOR.
Towanda, Wednesday, Od. /4, ISI9
Torras of the Iteportor.
In I 0 per•ennum: pe.d st.ttunt'llte tear et e. nn w.ll
I.- deducted, am cash paid security in advance, et ou ,s• or I.e
&agent&
Anrsurrrscarteva. per square of fPI3 lines. 50 rents for she
first, and 45 cons tor each subsequent insertion.
K r Advertisements, Ire. '
intended for publvation in
the Reporter, should be handed in by Monday night
to ensure their inserTion.
The Steetion la lsaaq'lvauls•
The result of the late State election in Penneylva.
nia will be hailed with applause throughout the Un
ion. It shows that the Keystone has spurnbd the
simulation which sought to make her believe her
interests were only cared for by the National and
State Administrations—that her people, tho'. for the
moment deceived by the promises made by Gen.
Taylor, have rebuked their betrayers and spoken
in Buena Vista tones to the hero of Broken Pledges'
and his inefficient and blundering Cabinet. The
'special visit of the hid General, to this State, though
the laurels of his 'achievements are yet unfaded,
could not save them from the Democratic thunder
from Pennsylvania in which they can read the hand
writing on the wall which tells of the total overthrow
of wbiggery. •
The credit of the Democracy of the State is re
deemed froth the stigma cast upon it last fall, which
under better auspices it , would never have incurred
A majority on joint ballot in the Legislature, and a
majority of fifteen thousand for our Canal Corn mitt.
ioner, have wiped out all stains from her escutcla
. con. and she stands regenerated.
Much of this, is doe to the manly an) open stand
taken by lour candidate for Canal Comm isAioner,
on the subject_ of preserving our Free lu tort'
from the contamination of Slavery. We le - e pe
culiar pride in again quoting his language and sen
timents, from the letter to the Tioga County Com-
mince :
To the first question : namely, "What are your
"views in relation to the Constitutional powers
" of Congress to prohibit Slavery in the territories
" belonging to the United States," 1 answer that
, in my humble judgment, Congress possesses such
.Constitutional power.
To the second question, namely, "II you be
lieve Congress possesses the requisite. authority
" for that purpose, are you . in, favor of the passage
of an act extending to all such Territories the
" principles of the Ordinance of 1847," I answer
that I am in favor of the passage of such an act, or
,the adoption of any other constitutional measure,
deemed necessary. in order to prohibit the further
extension of human Slavery.
Ala. GAMBLE was the first candidate of the Dem.
ocratic party of Pennsylvania, who ever stood pub
licly pledged to his doclrine, and they hay" sus
taidedhim by an overwhelming majority. Our
candidate lor Governor, last fall—and a worthier
man the Democracy never supported—was defeat.
cd, when in the estimation of the best judges, a
public avowal, like the above, would have secured
his election. The result shows that this principle
has ta)ten thiep root in Pennsylvania. The stale
. which,once unanimously placed herself by the side
of her sister Free States in declaring that Slavery
shoed not usurp the fair regions of the south west,
has not rerogaded, shame be to those who would
breathe'such a slander! The unprincipled and
° sectional minded press, who dare utter the foul
mouthed calumny that the election of the lanent
ed Sitesz, was a vidtory over the Proviso, are no%
rebuked and silent. But fur the distinct and *hie
sentiments which we hare quoted, we have no ,
doubt they are debased enough to utter the same
libel upon the Democracy now.
The Democracy are sound upon this question—
the masses every where in the North are—and
though ambitious leaders may for rrsonal agg,ran•
dizement sneered for a time in stilling its free ut
terance, or in debasing public opinion, yet the day
of their reckoning will come, and an indignant and
free people " frown" upon their machinations.
Foreign New•
The steamer Niagara which arrived at New
York on the 19th, brings news from France.of the
reception of the news of Mr. Poussin's 'dismissal
by our government. Some little excitement was
created, which speedily subsided when it was as
certained that England had offered herself as a
mediator between the parties. A rumor was cur
rent that-either Mr. Marrast nr Mr. Theirs is to
come out as lAr. Poussin's successor.
The chances for a breach between Russia and
Turkey are every day growing stronger. Diplo
. matic intercourse has been broken of between the
two countries, and matters certainly wear a very
belligerent aspect. England and France are united
in their determination to support Turkey in the po
sition she has taken, so that the war which seems
inevitable, will become European.
AN ENORMOUP ARRIVAL Or TREASURr....-We have
been permiued to copy from- a London paper, the
following paragraph:—
On F,iaturday last seventy tons weight of gold
dust from Calsfornia. and dollars from Valparaiso.
were placed in tbe.rauhs of the Bank of England,
brought by her Majesty's ship Calypso. The spe
cie arrived by special train from Portsmouth, and
was removed from the London bridge terminus in
twenty vans, drawn by eighty horses, and escorted
by the police. It was contained in fourteen hundred
boxes, valued at six millions pounds sterling.—Lon.
don Spectator, Sept. '22d.
This is the largest arrival of Treasure at one load
we have ever seen mentioned. It shows that but
a small proportion of the,produee of the Californian
mines ever reaches ,this country. This amount of
nearly $30,000,000, which is quite half the specie
in circulation in this country, had probably been
mostly secured by merchants ou The Pacific coast,
and shipped•thence to London.
Sts Jous Faeact.ta.—An article which we pub
lish in another column, bringet the welcome intelli
gence that the whereabouts of this ilistingdishe4
adventurer has hee' ascertained. The news will
undoubtedly set our Yankees in motion, :and the
£20,000 reward offered for his discovery be secur
ed by some of them
sue JOUR FILAX9L/11 NOT LosT.
Isterestisig asidpreftliblirlll.l4y laspera,
Nr" aril. Saiiiist day.
Aeon mew l
Eris 116 Nevi Lasiiii
41 !51c1e,3811..
Capt. Chapel, of tberbark :McLellan, elthis port;,
from Davis's-Straka, ribose *rival' we nonormeed
yesterday aligning, filltirksta information Which.
will at least be read With Wettest in .the
States, and indeed. in every pan of the world. •
About the ter.o(Ardest, while doe blieLellan laid
in Pond's Hay, lat.-74 Inn. 72, the waives of the
coast cat& on board the Chieftain, an .English
whaleman, and gave information by signs thit two
large ships were then lying in Prince Regent's In
let,
and had been there fast in the ice for four sea
sons
and being asked with regard to those on board,
whether the) were dead or alive, they replied in
the same way that the crews were not " asleep."
(that is tot dead.) Nit were all - well. This intim•
nation was considered by the Englishman and by
C ipt. Chapel: as indicating that the ships of Sir John
Franklin sere cleaily meant.
The Engl.s - hrnan landed at Cape Hay, some die.
'wide how Pond's Bay a 4hantity of coal and pro.
visions with which his ship was furnished by the
British Gorentinent for the use of the long missing
ships if they should chance to come there, as they
scold be obliged to do on their return to England.
This is certainly the latest news from that quarter,
and there is a possibility, perhaps a probability,
that the commander of the unfortunate expedition
and his crews are still alive. Heaven Send that it
may be so!
The McLellan and her gallant officers and crew
have reached home almost by miracle—at ;mesal.
have done so under circumstances that entitle them
to the highest credit. -
On the 12th of June the bark got niflped", in the
lee, arid only escaped destruction by the almost so
perhuinatt exertions and good conduct of those who
were in charge of her.
She was so severely injured that she leaked so
as to be kept afloat only by the incessant work of
nearly all hands at the pumps and be means of
two large metallic pumps obtained by Capt. C. from
the wreck of the English ships crushed and totally
lost just ahead of him. The leak was, however,
partially remedied by thombslstells under the bow,
though she continued to leak badly until her arri
val home, and was only kept above water by con
tinual and unceasing labor at the pumps, till she
reached the dock. which indeed, is stiU obliged to
be continued as she lies at the whet/
The two English ships Supe rior and Lady Jane,
Mentioned yesterday, wer edi lost very near the
McLellan. Two of the crew of the lost ships ar
rived in her. They are natives of the Shetland Is
lands.
On the 30th of An,.-mst, the McLellan last a man
named Joseph Schneider of New York, who fell
from the mizzen topmast-head and lived but 20
minutes ; being shockingly mangled in the head
and limbs. He was 21 years of age.
It is due to Capt. Chapel, his gallant officers and
ship's company,-again to say that their conduct in
bringing home their vessel, is deserving of mote
than common praise, and even with their exertions
it could not haiii been done but for the staunch
and enduring qualities of the ship. The skill and
perseverance of officers and men were objects
of admiration to the Englishmen who witnessed
them.
A 114:at - no Wax Ati.—A woman named Mrs. Caro
line Mitchell, living in New York, while in bed on
Sunday night, woke np and heard
,a noise There
being no light, she thought it was her husband, he
having left the room a short time previous with the
tight. On hearing the rattling of keys. Mrs. Mitch•
ell turned her head towards the sound, when she
saw some one trying to get a light with some match.
and as soon as one was lighted, she discovered
a big black fellow in the act of stealing her proper
ty. Mrs. Mitchell immediately sprang out of bed,
asked him what he wanted, and seized the robber
by his clothing and held on, calling out for help.—
The vtllian dropped the match, and endeavored,
with a knife he had in his hand, to stab her in the
neck. Mts. Mitchell, not at all daunted, held on
and cot tinned to scream and call for her husband.
The rogue; in trying to escape, dragged Mrs. Mitch
ell down stairs, ltd on his way down threw the
knife and keys Me- his person. The alarm made
brought to her assistance John %Valliant who heard
her scream, but when he came Mrs. - Mitchell had
just fainted at the bottom of the stairs. and the ne.
gro was endeavoring to escape. Mr. %Valliant suc
ceeded in taking him into custody. The robber
had removed a number of articles of clothing, to.
gether with several dollars in money, valued in all
at 542 91, Which the rogue had !ore(' up, and plac.
6(1 on the stairs ready to carry off, and would have
succeeded beyond a doubt, had it not been fur the
courage of M. s.
Eta - rim: tx c ix MISSACIIe3 Errs.— A severe shock
of an earthquake was felt in several of the towns
in the middle of . Middlesex Comity, on Monday
afternoon, between 3 and 4 o'clock. Two very
loud and heavy explosions were heard, and the.
and buildings continued to tremble }luring the
moments which elapsed. At Acton. Concord, and
other towns, the people ran out of the houses and
stores, supposing some terrible explosion of the
powder-niill in Simberry had occurred. At Con
cord. Acton, Carlisle, Bedford. Lexington, Lincoln
t Stow, and probably many other towns, the shock;
were' distinctly realized. and it was generally sup
posed to have been the bluwing up of some pow
der-mill. • By some persons the shak.ing was said
In resemble that produced by the rol:ing of some
thing heavy ins room overhead. A similar shatk•
ing of the earth was felt in the same locality about
a year ago, early iu the morning.—Banker Hill
Aurora.
We learn from the Binghamton Republican that
a party of gentleman, officers ct and otherwise in
terested in the Panama Railroad visited that place
on Wednesday of last week. The party. says the
RcptiMicuri. consisted of Gen. Scott, T. W. Ludlow
President; John L. Stephens the distinguished trifv
eller and author, Samuel B Ruggles, well known
for his report on Internal improvements in the State
of New York, Vice President, and W. IL Slidell,
Chiel Engineer of the Panama Railroad,Seuor Rices
Charge d'Affaires of New Granada and suite, and
several other gentlemen. Senor Rivas and suite
were anxious to examine the celebrated works of
the New-York and Erie Railroad, with a view to
railroad improvements in their own country, and
distinenishml party were the invited guests of the
New-York and Erie Railroad Company.
Tim Loss Boy.—lt will be remembered that sev
eral papers commented pretty serious/yen thecon
duct of a Mrs Goulding of Oswego, who had in
her possession the little son of Mr. Suit of Albany.
The Oswego Palladium say. that the charges are
entirely groundless against Mts. (.i. that .be was
imposed upon by the pefson really guilty. Her
husband, Mr. Goulding, hiatus of the most respec
table citizens of Oswego—a man whose character
is entirely above suspicion. The Palladium says:
c , When the facts shall all be published we are con
fident the public and the press will commend him
and his lady as kind-hearted and benevolent friend
I of the fatherless and homeless, rather than assail
them with epithets and denunciation ; as some at a
distance have ione."
MAINE LystaEa.—The Belfast Journal learns that
the great rush to procure lumber for California ship
ments has drained the market at Bangor, and the
river is too low to get more down at present, which
must raise the price of that great article of Maine
trade
FIRZ AT Mossoc.—A telegraph dispatch dated
at Monroe Michigan; Oct. 9, at 7 o'clock, says a
are broke out in Noble & Starling's steam grist
mill, which destroyed that and a new dwelling
house, and a small barn. Loss of mill $5,500, un
derailing and barn $l.OOO. No insanumeo. .
GOLD on rue Porcutsc.—A small specimen of
pure gold has been e x hibited to us by a gentleman
of tins city, which is said to have been found on
one of the tributaries of the Potomac, distant from
the Capitol about fifteen miles.—Nal. Intel.
A firaiplic Lair lima Wind&
• (compas+aav ,, •" 1 "
First larisit)eq - *San Fkulaira-11160
tins rkihd-,T.-Ilia Tribeauto a IWar Ailisce=;-
ii-il#KestP7=lfrab--Gerblipe—Priek elk=
bor-4arallin CliadiPt_Aseir do
.torro—Asornlistlit r ess— mien.
Oder 1 4 1-116 (heriarlem—Desertion
Vessele—Prices.
SAN Fiummeco, Aug. 13
For the find time since landing, I be-in this
mom ing sornewlurt to recoverfrom the ecunpkie be
wilderment which overtakes every new corner in
Francisco. The first sensation, on witnessing the
astonishing condition of affairs hem, is almost one
of stupefaction. One knows not whether be is
awake or irr some wonderful dream. Never have
had so much diflikulty in establishing, satisfactor•
ily to my own senses, the reality of what see and
hear. •
left the Panama in the best oft the U.S. ship
Ohio which brought Lretrt Ellis on board. We
first boarded the noble ship, Which,- even in San
Francisco harbor, shows the-same admirable order
sus on our own coast. She returned, • few days
ago, in twen - pihree days from Honolulu, after an
absence of three month from this port. The
.boat put us ashore at the upper landing, at the toot
of a steep bank from which a high pier has lately
been built into the bay. A large vessel lay at the
end, discharging her cargo. We scrambled up
through piles of luggage, and among the crowd col
lected to witness our arrival, picked out two Span
' lards to carry it to a hotel. The barren, side of the
hill belore us was covered with tents and canvass
houses and nearly in front a large two story build.
inv displayed the sign, " Fremont Family Hotel."
"We were only in the suburbs of the town, cros
sing the shoulder of the hill, the view extended all
around that curve of the bay, and hundreds of tents
and houses appeared, scattered all.over the hights,
along the shore for more than a mile. .A torioos
'wind was blowing down throughlt gap in the hills
filling the streets with clouds of dust. On every
side stood buildings of all kinds, begun or half
finished, and the greater pan of them mere canvass
sheds open in front, and covered with all languages
Great quantities were piled up in 'he open air for
want of a place to store them. The Streets were
full of people, hurrying to and fm, and of as di
verse and bizarre a character as the houses : Yan-
kees of every possible variety,nativeCalifornians in
sarapes and sombremi, Chi!bans, SODOFIDAS,
Kan
akas from Hawaii, Chinese with long tails, Dr 'slept
armed with their everlasting enterers : and others in
whose embrowned and bearded visages it was im-
possible to recognize any nationality. We came at
last into the plaza, and made for the Parker House,
a two story frame building on the lower side. At
the corner above, the American flag was flying
from a pole in front of the Custom House.
No place was to' be had, through 'a friend we
succeeded in obtaining lodgings at tbp City Hotel,
at 812 a week each, board $2O a week additional
A room containing two cdts, two chairs and a table
was 'r iven , to two of us ; some of the pass.mgers—
less fortunate, paid $3 in another place for the priv t
ilege of sleeping on the floor. Tpe fare was ample
and of excellent quality—fine fresh bread, cream,
ca Jital butter, and Californian beef, which is the
best in the world Speculation commenced with the
moment of landing. The most ingenious and suc
cessful operation - vras made by Mr. Fitz. of New-
York, who brought 1,000 Weekly and 500 Daily .
Tribunes. He sold the whole lot in less than two
hours, at one dollar lipiece! Hearing of this, I took
about a dozen papers, which I had used to fill up
crevices in packing my valise and sold them for
$lO to a mail who wanted to retail them. I was
satisfied with the wholesale price. Papers of late
date, I am told, bring $5 at the mines,
I set out for a walk helots dark, and climbed a
hill back of the town, passing a number of teies
pitched in the hollows. The scattered nooses spread
out below me and the crowded shipping in the har
bor, backed by a lofty line of mountains, made an
imposing picture. The restless, feverish tide of
life in that little spot and the thought that what I
then saw . and would see will hereafter fill one of
the most marvelous pages of all history rendered
it singularly impressive. The feeling was not de-
creased on - talking with some of the oldresidents
(that is, of six month's standing.) acid hearing their
several experiences. I beard and - saw, and was
forced to believe, yet I air almost afraid to writ 3,
hoping that it will be generally believed. Let me
give a few instances of the enormous and unnatur•
al value put upon property here at present. •
The Parker House, a building 40 feet front by
about 90 deep, rents for $llO,OOO yearly. At least
$60.000 of this is paid by•ga 4 mblers, who hold near
ly all the second story. Adjoining it on the right
is a canvass-tent, 15 by 25 feet, called " El Dorado,"
and occupied by gamblers, which brings 540.000
On the opposite corner, a building called the " Mi
ners' Bank,'', used by Wriuht fr. Co brokers. brings
575.000 It is about halt the site of our fire en
gine houseeat home. On the left of the Parker
House, a small two story frame building, which is
just finished, has been taken at 580,000. The se
cond-story contains eight gaming tables. each of
which pays $2OO a night. Bleecker Van Dyke &
Belden pay $40.000 rent ; the United States Hotel
$39,000: the Post-Office $8 000, and so on the end
oldie chapter. A fiend of mine, who wished to
find a place fora law-Office-was shown a cellar in
the earth, about 12 feet square and 9 deep, which
he could have at $250 a month. The owner
came here about three months ago, without enough
money to pay his passage ; he is now worth 520,-
000. One of the common 'soldiers at the battle of
San Pasquale, is now among the millionaires of
the place with an income of 550.000 montiy. A.
noted firm has $llO 000 loaned out at ten per tent.
a mon th! (think of that Wall-st.!) and could easily
dispose of double the amount in the same way
A citizen.of San Francisco died insolvent last Fall
to the amount of 841,000. His administrators were
delayed in setting his affairs and his real estate ad
vanced so rapidly in value meantime that atter his
debts were paid his heirs have a yearly income of
540 000. These facts are indu,bitahly attested
Every one believes them, yet hearing them talked
of daily as matters of course one at first cannot help
feeling as if he had been eating of the insane root .
What 1 saw that right and yesterday satisfies
me that the half is not yet told Business was over
abr.ut the usual hour, and then the harvesttime of
the gamblers commenced. Every " hell" in the
place, anti I did not pretend to number them, was
'Crowded, and immense snms were waked at the
monte and faro tables. A boy of fifteen, in one
place won about $5OO, which he cooly pocketed
and carried ofi. One of the gang we brought in tne
Panama won 111.500 in the course of the evening,
and another lost 82,400. A fortunate miner made
himself conspicuous by betting large piles of oun
ces on a single throw. His last stake of 100 oz.
was lost, and I saw him yeatcrday dashing through
the streets ) try ing to break his own neck. or that of
the magnificent garanoa he bestrode. lam glad
to see -that thealcalde, in his last ayerstamento has
recommended that some means be taken to check
this infamous business.
• The prices paid for labor are in proportion to
everything else. A carman of Melina, Howard &
Co. has a salary of 56,000 a year, and many others
make from 515 daily. Servants get from $lOO to
$2OO a month, but true wages paid for the rougher
kinds of labor has fallen to about BS. Yet, not
withstanding the number of goldseekers who re
turn enfeebled and disheartened from the mines it
is difficult to hire workmen. The cote of building
is even greater than ever and ready made houses
command almost any price. A friend of nine
bought from the owner at Panama, a small frame
house which had been shipped on board the bark
Hensailia, at New-York. He paid -MOO, which
was probably treble its first" cost. On reaching
here he found the vessel at anchor in the harbor.
and sold his house at (inns fort4,ooo. A gentleman
who came hem in April told me he friend bat 30
or 40 bowies; the population was then so ersmt that
not more than 25 persons would be seen in the
streets at any one time. At preakt, there are pro.
hub!) , 5001onsei, tents and sheds with a population
fixed and floating, of 9,000. People who have
been absent six weeks come back end do not rema
in dm place. Streets are tegnlarly laid out, and
already there are three piers at 'which meets can
discharge. Oiriattailistsunobet. of wields bow- ,
evernasmiso slaps astimisaktly
g u t s
ashore. ft is salcehlhallbal the
edififilyliY froisi 15 to ae eiliess.:llup gift are
abiesidy . *seal" tkiardilis isetiatai*ef the
dart Wilkes Wiluch *ifslioeasid. -
1 I* Pattie of ibis dwelling**' anditbh
knee tithe daily winds which here Senn greater
past than the miltnral, or sirocco, at Marseiles, ex
pose_ San Stamina to temlie danger. A Eno
breaking oat in the upper part of the city would in
an boar's time, sweep everythirg clear down on
the water's edge. • There have already been two
slight litres which fonuoately occurred in the early
part of the day, and were easily checked, but a
wrist/ore of mach greater extent is almost certain.
This w t not be the only check to which the busi
ness dale pace is exposed. The unnatural value
property has so soddenly attained must abate in a
short time, and hundreds who by the fictitioos.com
potation are in ion of immense wealth, will
be totally ruin his impossible that such a midi
lion of things can tuntinue for a much longer per
iod. Its existence depends alone on the first intox
ication of sodden enrichment and the temporary
abasement of all former standards of wealth.
crash when it comes, as come i► w ill, cannot but
be tremendous. But it will not be ruinous; the
vast amount of energy, intelligence and activity
which pours ieto the country in one unceasing tide
would easily motmt above a much more threaten
ing barrier. Those who lose will still hate a thous
and channels of labor open to them, which the vast
resources of California will render lucrative for a
long time to come. Cities are springing np in all
quarters with a more regular growth, and the trade
which was litely concentrated at this point, is now
divided between several others of scarcely leas im
portance. I have already heard enough to know
that the bursting of the bubble universally expec
ted • but, as usual, every one goes on in- the same
heedless' career of speculation, I rust i ng, lo some spirit
of good luck for his chance of timely escape.
A curious result of this extraordinary abundance
of the precious metal. and the facility 4iih which
fortunes may be made, struck me at the first glance.
All business is transacted on so extensive a scale
that the ordinary habits of solicitation and compli
ance on the one hand, and stubborn cheapening on
the other, are entirely forgotten You enter a shop
to buy something ; the owner yes you with per
fect indifference, waiting for you to state your want;
if you object to the price you ate at liberty to leave,
(or you need not expect to get it cheaper. He evi
dently cares little whether you buy it or not. Some
one who has been longer in the country will do so,
without wasting words. The only exception I have
found to this rule was that of a sharp•faced Down.
Easter, just opening his stock. drho was much dis
tressed when his clerk charged me 75 cents for a
a coil of rope, instead of St. This disregard 101 all
the petty arts of money-making is really a pleasant
feature of society here. Another equally agreea
ble trait is the punctuality with which debts are
paid, and the general confidence which'all (Ameri
cans at least) seem to have in each other's hones
ty. Pet haps this latter fact is owing in part, to the
impossibility of protecting wealth; and the conse-
Tient forced dependence on an honorable regard
for the rights of others.
Walking through the town yesterday, I was quite
amazed to find a dozen persons busily employed
in the street before the United States Rote!, dig-
ging up the earth with:knives, and crumbling it in
their hands. They we.e actual gold-hmiters, who
obtained in this way about 55 a day. After blow
ing the fine tint carefully in their hands, a few
specks of gold were left, which they placed in a
piece of white paper A number of children are
employed in thus way, who pick out theline grains
by aisplying to them the head of a pin, moistened
in their mouths A small boy yesterday took
home 511 as the result of his day's labor. On cli
roing the hill to the Post Office I observed in pla
ces, where the wind had swept away the sand,
several glittering dots of the real metal, but like
the Irishman who kicked the dollar out of his way,
concluded to wait till I should reach the heap.—
The presence of gold in the streets is probably oc
casioned by the leaking* from the miners' bags and
sweepings of stores; though some are inclined to
qiink it native in the earth. At any rate, it is a
most remarkable sight.
The anxiety of persons here to get news from the
Atlantic side is very great. The crowd at the Post
Office this morning is greater than I ever saw in
New York. The whole mail. consisting of 20,000
letters and I know not how many bushels of news
papers, is ready for delivery, Mr. Moore and his
sons having worked day and night, from the very
hour of landing, in order that there should be no
delay. This promptness is something usual in
San Francisco. letters by the former steamers hav
ing frequently been kept back several days by de
lays in escorting. The Post-office is very small
and Inconvenient place, and Ms. Moore intends re•
moving it to some better location.
1i0n.7. Butler King is here at presert, having
ately returned from an expedition through the
mines, with Gen. Smith. Ile speaks with the ut
most confidence( of the extent and richness of the
gold deposits. Their tour occupied about AIX weeks,
and embraced the region between the Staiiislaust
and the head-waters of the Feather River, contain
ed all the richest placers. Gen. Smith is now at
Sonoma, whither Major Lee and Smith have gone
to join him. He will leave for Otegon in four or
hve days, making the journey thither by sea, anti
retumirig by land. Col Fremont has been here,
but left nn Saturday for San Jose, at the head of the
Bay, where he is erecting a steam saw mill. I
met, yesterday, with Mr. kAlwin Bryant, author of
" What I saw in California." He has just arrived
by the overland route, via the South Pass and Great
Salt Like, and is scorched to the complexion of an
Indian. he stories told by the few emigrants who I
have as yet arrived by this route are most distress
ing. The proportion of deaths by sickness and
starvation has been very great, and worse than all,
many cases have occurred in which persons have
been left on the road, to perish by lingering topures.
A man belonging to one of the parties, with a re
finementel malice which it would be impossible
to surpass, set the grass on fire several times, sub
jecting the thousands who followed to infinite per
il anti rojleritig. He was pursued by the others.
and finally overtaken and shot from the saddle as
he rods—a fate which was scarcely equal to his
deserts. Mr. Durivage of New Orleans; who with
five others reached here via Chihuahua and the
Gila, was so redta ed by thirst wh le crossing the
Grealt Defer, that be became delirous. He is now
here as well as Mr. Freaner, the correspondent' o f
the PicarTe. I was glad to meet with Mr. °sped,
the artist, yesterday. Re has been here two or
three weeks, having dug one season with good
luck that he intends returning to the mines shortly.
Mr. Caleb Lyon, who is also residing here, informs
the that his best two days digging amounted to SI,-
012.
The desertion of reseals still goes on, and a large
number of craft are now lying tenantless in'the•an.
chorage. The day we arrived eighteen men be
longing to the U. S. ship 'trio Mole a boat and left
in a body. They were fired upon from the Ohio
and the Warren, but escaped without injury, though
their boat was somewhat shattered. As the former
vessel is now ordered home, she will have great
difficulty in keeping her crew on board. All the
sailors belonging to.the Panama, and all the stew
erds except one, left yesterday. The firemen re
main, and the places of sailors can easily be filled
from the number of persons returning home.
I have just returned from a tcrurlniong the shops,
and write hurredly. To give some isles of prices,
I may state that good blankets can be had for $6 a
pair ; boots about the lame ; coarse flannel shirts.
'Mexican spurs. $5, arid serapes, $lO This is
the extent of my purchase. forming the outfit for a
journey to Pueblo San Jose, Stockton and the Son
orian aiwings. on which I start in another hon
in company with Col Lyons ofLnoisana, and Lieut
Beale. The moles have already been driven in
from their pasturage by ! the vaquero. and I must
now don the costume of a mountaineer. a. v.
it 01 PATRIC* dangerous travel . ing now for a
Northern man in the south. He must talk loudly
in favor of slavery syll the time, or he may chance
to get feathered, slid feel like a tarred chicken.
Its Nib of lemeti,
The oemlNe teeldmg us the velar, of the Griiik
Salt Wtixhar.Rfew* a conatitotiest fot a Cline go ;
ittrupwii,,vr6iteh IC. lo be 'submitted toccagrescia
its astzt — seadlitS itadighieh it towtem theta DWI
ooegret eshill aadeinet — t someNW' itinw:- 0 go!!
ereatem.. The sioniteet die Make( the labia
of a coarvesiticin held is their city is March last, of
inhabitants residing in that poctioti of talikorzths ly
ing test of the them Nevada. • They lase cheese
as the title of their stale the "State of Deseret,"
the Mormon epithet for the " Honer Bee," signifi
cant of industry and its kindred virtues.
The constitution is in the usual form of such
documents among cur new states. The three de
partments of government, legislative,judicial and
ezecotive, are established. The legislative is to
consist of two houses, the members of which are
to be " free white male citizens of the !United
States," and bound by oath to support a - constitution
of the same. A governor and lieutenant governor
with the customary officers, compose the executive,
and the judiciary consists of a supreme coon ' with
such other tribunals as the legislature shall nub-.
Usti.
The declaration of rights guarantees a perfect
freedom to worship God wording to the dictates
Of conscience, and the legislature- cannot establish
any one religion to interfere with any man's mode
of worship, provided " he does not disturb the pub
lic peace, nor disturb others in their religious wor
ship.' Not a word is said *boat slayery, and as
the hlortj►ons are all, or nearly all, from free states,
the probability is that the idea of introducing slaves
into their territory has not been entertained at all
These are the main features of this iuteresting
document, and their liberal enlightened charecter
must please all American vitizene. l'be gen
eral assembly adopted the instrument in July, and
elected Almon W. Abbitt as theit-•delegate and rep.
reaentative to congress, to urge upon that body the
admission of the nett state into the Union.
EE:I
A correspondent of the Boston - Chronotype, writ
ing from the city of the Great Salt Lake, on the 13th
July, gives the following particulars of the capitol
of the future state of Deseret :
" Five miles from the foot of the mountains 4ies
the " City of the Great Salt Lake," of nine months!growth. The the 25th of the present month will
be the second !anniversary of the arri‘al of the
Mormon pioneers in this valley, and will probably
be celebrated with appropriate ceremonies, ati the
day of their deliverance from persecution ii the
states. A few months later another band arrived,
who built a fort, where they all remained till last
October, when the main body arriving, they com
menced the city. It is laid out in blocks, containing
10 acres each, and each block is subdivided into
8 lots. There are already 224 blocks, being 16 in
one direction and 14 in the other. 'The streets are
8 rods wide. Nearly 1,000 adobe houses harepeen
built, and the whole city, nearly two miles sottitre,
has the appearance of a garden. ) A public build-
ing of stone, 50 feet square, is gog , up to serve as
a Council House, Church, and o t her purposes
Any person wishing to live here. can take an un
occupied lot, without price, but only sell the
improvements. The city is gore ed by a Presi•
dent and Council, permanent, an , a City Marshall
elected annually. Taxes are laid according to
property. Tithes are voluntary. Schools are kept
all the year, and are free to all.
" A mile north of the city is a warm sulphur
spring, which is much resorted to for its enraiiie
properties. An abundance of the purest writer is
supplied from the streams coming down from the
mountains. During the warmest part of the sea
son no rain falls, and the land requires irrigating,
which is easily done. During the present year the
farms have suffered from the drought, which will
be obviated next year. Where the land • has been
well wsuerett, the crops are very fine, especially
the wheat, which is now nearly ready for the sick
le. The soil is well adapted to grazing, and cattle
and horses look fat, and can graze the year round.
The weather is delightful, a fresh breeze always
blowing from the lake or mountains ,andthe health
of the population is remarkable. From present ap
pearances, the valley within five years count a pop
ulation of 20,000."
Nis FROM Tilt ENIGRANTS.—Mrs I%'cath Nor
ton of Adrian, Michigan, wti!e a from the top of
the Roci:y Mountains, at the Pacific Springs bead
of Sweet Water, July 27, 1849.
* * There has been a terrible destruction of
life, animals and carriages on the way. There are.
now more than a thousand dead horses, oxen and
mules that we have passed between this South
Pass and Fort Laramie; and about as - many wag
ons that have been, some broken up, some burned,
and some left in good order by the way. The de
atruction of animals has been mostly in conse
quence of drinking at the salaratus or alkalisprings,
over driving and want of proper care. For the last
300 miles the great part of the water is
.stroir al
kali. and if our animals•drink it to excess when
dry, they die immediately. Wit there is a sore
remedy if applied seasonably. That n', to give
them tat meat, grease or lard. This we have done
and it has raved our nob team. • I
We hare had no trouble with the Indians—they
do not come near us. They are afraid of the Cho
lera and our guns. We 61 each other alone, and
are mutually glad when w e
. have passed. We get
all the fresh meat we want—buffalo, wild sheep,
goats anti antelopes. We are this day, ikagoft 3.
in Oregon, twenty miles west of the Rocky Moun
tains. - •
Loss or GILDP.RSLEIF:TE'S PARTY OT CALITOR?iI
ANS.—In accounts frorp the Plains, the disappear
lance of a portion of al New York party, under Gil
dersleeve, the celebrated pedestrian, has been Bele
m' times Inferred to. i A letter received in this
city, dated Aug. 17, from Santa Fe, says:
4. Copt Marcy who accompanied this large com
pany from Fort Smith, Ark to this place, started.°
the States to-day by a new route. There was a
company (16 wagons with oxen and' , l9 or 59 men.)
from New York, under Capts Gildersleeve and
Reeves, who left the States with us but could not
keep up. They had bail luck, their oxen having
died and some of their wagons left on the road
They then got out of provisions and got scattered.
Some were 250 and others 150 miles behind us.—
Two of their company went on ahead of the rest
to overtake us, and have got lost, and never have
been heard of since, as two of the party informed
us who went ahead to get pros isions for the rest."
—Balt. Sun.
THE ROUND 1 8LANDERS.---The men lately assem
bled at Round Island have begun to disperse.—
About fifty of their' came over on the Oregon yea
terrlay ; the two hundred and' upward who were
left on the Island may be expected in town to-day .
or at-morrow. The - expedition, then, no matter
what its destination, appears to have failed ; but
the tailure has not been owing to the condudt of
those entrusted with its management at New Or
leans. The men who encamped at f ound Island
must Name the Northern . agents, rather than the
leaders here, for the sufferings they have expert.,
enced, and the privations 4 they have endured. Had
it not been for the tardiness of the Northern expe.
ditioners, the Nets' Orleans band would have sail
ed before the public attention was directed to them
and long ere the President's proclamation was is
sued-.--N. 0. Crescent.
MIM Bar..matt, the Swedish Novelist, who is now
here. must be ttsensible woman. %Vile?' stip ar
rived, carriages rolled up to her door, liveried see
vants were at 'her heels, and all the town was
amisr to toady her to death ata DiLkens. She sent
word 'hat she was not to he seen that day ! The
near, when the farce began. it was discovered that
she had qnielly retired to the country!
w e like this It is SlOnd -once snit modesty.,
New York male a silly foil of itself a hen it plays
cd the sycophant to Ditletts. and he prettily mails
them feel it. Miss B. despises 'his system of /inns
iting :oaten up by the "codfish aristocracy " She
neither wants to bore enr be bored. She wants
permission to set.like $ quiet lady, and takes the
proper mode to show, her Contempt for all who de;
sire her to do aught else.
irk•
Oar ittColtrillitientitow roared es wid,
anithow lot* Motive to the Ingrid* troubles; Nw
opiikolosimillaboiot dot nosh of the polotowi or taik,
oriolt tht Esau are dowonriog of emoidenitioo:
, Thies Bas e (Fla.) Sept. 21, few
The veil" talk" which we have been anzio w ,
ty winking kw some time, hem Itt 'mob gems og
mind masked is little or Delhi* solar as I am abl e
to judge. !the Genetatirtnt-down to Charlotte's
Harbor, met Jones " he sick and can't come," b et
Sam Jones sends his principal man.)
They had a talk and the Indians say diet we
disposed to give up the mnrilerers, -hot !pm cu.
cornstances beyond their control they 110 e not
been able to do so; that sr la desired by them th e
Geteral should meet them , again in about fotty.f tee
days, and thett•oweuything !rid be right. TheGe s ,
end thought that too long a time, and they fu n n y
compromised by accepting his 19 th to gals
them thirty days or until th e 19 t on la r k
day they will have - another talk, when the m et ,
whom he demands the chiefs dm:l:residual be de.
livered over. •
Different opinion prevails on - this subject.
have not die !emit confiddt in the good faith of
the Indiank in this made'. They wish to procras,
tinate, in hope of altigeately effecting the escape e (
. ,
the malefactor&
Should the chiefs however give them up, 111
will consider all old scores should be wiped off,
and every one should resume his former station
But upon the concha non of that must come a 14
for emigration, for I presume that is the •main `di.
cision to which the lidtoinistration has come, and
it is the object for which troops were pent hither:..
In the end I think you wits see every man of there
_jerk op his Ode and take to the swamps ; It my
judgement be correct, neither sounding braes n or
tinkling silver can induce these Indians to emigre*
—it has been tried ever since 1836.
The Government has got, to hunt 41 cannel
oily It by the name of War) these Indians down,
for Which purpose. it will require from three to fir e
years ; unless the Government offer rewarz, fOr
every Indian made prisoner, or throw in a foe s
Suffieint to occupy their country. The Indians har t
plenty of rifles, with an abundance also of ?ced e
and lead.
,1 The 7th Regiment of Infantry`, commanded is
Col. Plympton, arrived here a tew days since. mit
an officer has kindly furnished me with the Idhis.
ing memorandum of posts. to be occupied by
also thei eommandits.—N: 0. Picayune 281 i
Russ -roe CAuroasta:---irVednesdare being ti l e
day for the sale of tickets for passage in the te e
new steamers to be started from Panama ftir Sp
-.Francisco, by the Pacific Mail Steam-ship Com p ,
ny, the place of safe i at Howland's Sr. Aspinwall,,
New York, was the scene of a strife for precedence
unequaled even in the wondmos history of Me
Gorden Crusade. As early as four -o'clock in the
morning, the Tribune sar, some twenty pea c ,
were sitting on the steps inmost neighborly pro s .
jitney to the door ready, like hounds ro the lean.
for the race up stairs. Before the do ors open e d
hundreds had collected, and in a urinate after the
turn of the key every place where a mtecookihold
on, even by the eyelids, was occupied. Se free
was the pressure that the balustrades and Windows
wens broken, and each individual, on *Bonbon
the-office, eve woeful evidence of the density of
the crowd in the shape of cave& in hats and ten
and disordered clotbing. One of the earliest of
those on the steps in the morning, and almost ii,
first man 'inside, did not get out until noon ! Some
500 tickets for the two December steaniers wee
run ofi as fast as the money could be paid ore
but the crowds still clamored for more, and about
100 tickets for the steamer of the first of Jarman
were sold by way of desert to the feast. The pn
ces were $3OO for the cabin, and $l5O for thesstee
age.
THE FASHIONABLES OF NEN Yoaz have gotta
out a new style of `brocade for ladies dresses, at 01
ly st* dollars a yard! About twenty yards mallt
pattern ! Then they have lace bet - Wu at teenn
dollars—head-dresses, at teu--ostrich feather "r
three dollars--diamonds, &c. Really the finelatin
of the present tidy are striving hard to make them
selves more costly than useful.
GEN. Sintuas.—The Belvidere . Reirtbhco rap
that Gen Shields, in his speech at that plan a
Monday last, declared that if elected tot. s..fent
he would obey the instruction of the I,islaturts
the Wilmot Proviso, both beanie they art a
struclions, and bawnse they accorded with Its an
sentiments.
ESICAPED SLAVIN —Constable Moody and edri
were watching at the Bridge on blonder and Tear
day night last, for fourteen slaves who had z
away. Eleven of them belonged to Wm. Mott
and two to George Casey - ,''both of Kent Co. BI-
The slaves made good their escape.—Bitte
Chicken, 12th.
PAiTICAL COMPLEXION OF THE OHIO 6041.
TENN.—Returns from nearly the vsSok Slaw tot
been received ; and omitting the Halmlteiretutt
members, the next Legislature will ttaate to•
lows :—House--Whigs 30; Dems. 34; FM Sa
Democrats 6.: Senate---Atibigs 37 ; Dent er& !
Free &Mess 1. •
ON FRIDAY 'LA FT TH E RICHMOND mail, Via Frr.
.
vile, to Lynchburg, was robbed. The bap 11 1
found in the roads ripped. opeh. There we FP
passenger in the stage, and he a Meal via, ft'.
has been committed to jail on sir...pries..
TILE FELLOW ROkIIiSON, who swim:Heil sem
pesstmasters by representing himself as the nept
of Major Robbie has been tried at Evansville se
victed and sentenced to the Indiana pennental:
two years.
FIRE AT BINGLIARITOH.—The Drug Store of '&11
Eldridge, at -Binghamton, was consumed ! i ll'
on Sunday morning last. Loss S5OOO.
Tucaareu-ncs —lt has been asserted b!0
not very wise persons ) that however samosa'
remedy have proved to the treatment of one °"
ady, it cannot bp applied with equal semea° l
cure of another which is not at all analwes r t
Character. Experience however teaches Sr
It is stated by very respectable authority from
ga Co, N 1., that . /Merchant's celebrated Guy
Oil, which has been unparalleled by its moi l
cure of the disease of the horse has also web
success cured that obstinate:disease which !"?
baffles the' skill of Physicians, called Asthma
accidentally discovered it, and you will 6ndt1 5
in. it, that it is superior to any article yo°
tried. Commence with five' or sty drops
times per day, and increaser the dose if nova
There can be -no reason why it may sot be
ly successful in similar .disease in horses, a '
for instance.
See advertisement in another odium' an d cal:
the agent for apamphlet.
BLANKS I BLANKS !
Constable's Sales, Attaellet. Esses
44 Receipts, Kzeitsettens,
Attachments, Deeds.
Summons, . Mortgages.
Illubpresiss, ' Notes, &v.,
Printed on supinor paper, tor sale at this office. at
every description, printed to eider.
O]`ERATIONS ON THE TEE
RR. J. N. 'SUMNER. • ill be in Town(
iJ 6th of November nest,and can be co
the, Ward Olivine. Those persons wiahm
fessional Services. had better can npoo /In
the Grit week, as his engairements in joitnr
will prevent his rrmainion longer than t v
wreke at this visit.
Towanda. Oct
NEW ARRIVAL OF JEWELRY !
rM. A. CHAMBERLIN has just rew
New York with a choice, selection
ry and Fancy &Jodi. to which he inrite!
as it will be told cheap for cash.
Towanda; Oct. 2t,
. 1940.