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TOWANDA,:
illdnicsban Illorninn, Dumber 0, 1818.
THE OLD FARM HOME.
BY X•IIT A. LAWSI3N
I love these gray and mos‘grown walls,
This ivied porch, this trelliced vine,
The lattice with its narrow pane,
A relic of the olden tithe;
The willow with 'its waving leaves,
Through which the low winds murmuring glide,
The gurgling ripple of the stream,
I.That whispers softly at its side. .
The spring-hou'le in its shady nook,
Like lady's bower shadowed o'er
With clustering trees and creeping plants,
That cling around the rustic door—
The rough hewn steps, that lend their aid
To reach the shady, cool recess,
Where humble-duty spreads a scene
That hourly comfort learns to bless.
l'pland and meadows lie around,
. Fair smiling in the sun's last beam ;
Beneath
. turi solitary tree
The lazy cattle idly dream.
After the reaper's stroke desends,
While faintly on the-Iktenin.= ' ear
The teamster's careless whistle Boats,
Or distant sung or call 1 hear.
And learning on a broken stile.
With woods behind and fields before,
I watch the.bee who homeward wends
Withdadan wing—his labors o'er ;
The happy are warbling round
Or nestle in the rustling trees,
'Mid which the blue sky glimm4rs down,
When parted by the passing breeze.
And slowly winding op the road,
The wain has reached the old barn floor
Where plenty's bend hail firmly heaped
The golden grain in richest store.
This,'mid the dream-laneof my thoughts,
With smihing lip, I own is real,
Yet fancy's fairest visions blend
With all I see and all feel.
Then tell me not of worldly pride
And wild ambition's hopes of fame,
Or brilliant halls of wealth and pride,
Where genius sighs to win a name;
Give me fhis , farm-house quaint and old,
These fields of grain, - the birds and flowers,
With calm contentment peace and health,
And memories of my earlier hours.
(Fmrn the l'llll e i plias l:ngrrr re r.
• 'TIE IN I)I N LOVERS :
A. Legend of Niagara.
To the country—to the country with me, dear
r • Orr.-- • Fitit into the grey old woods, where twi
light sleeps forever on beds of golden moss, shad
(4l tlio
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tall trees, whose limbs, are love-laced
with i •!. Out under the wild green arches where
the sin ght•creeps through the tangled vines,
mournfully subdued as if afraid of its own bright
ness; where all around and above, nothing meets
the eye but an ocean of clustering leaves ; rising
billow upon billow, up to the very skies. Here let
us wander and people the forest with creatures that
mu.t have livel-beneath its sheltering arms before
the white man broke in upon its solitude, and des
ecrated a beautiful place reared by the Almighty !
Away up amongst the cliffs that form a'..boundary
between the States and Canada, in the centre of a
wilderness, whose tall trees fling their 'shadows
over the wild, huge rocks, like a death pall over
the tomb of the past, the silver bosom of the lake
beams out in all its Purity, as if some bewildered
fairy hail been •lured mt° the forest, and lulled to
eternal slumber by the voluptuous breath of the wild
thyme and honeysuckle! All around her bed, a
chain of weeping willows bend their long branches
Is kiss her bosom, and ever as some stray zephyr
hits them from their sweet resting place, tears Os-
Acti within their folding leaves—a tribute perhaps
to the young, impassioned hearts who lived and
loved, and withered, beneath their shadows.
Let us follow this worn path leading down the
slope, round the velvet border of the lake and otg
through yondet vista that opens. like an arching
door leading'trom the portals of the forest. Hark !
Do you not already hear the awful voice of Niaga
ra come crashing dawn the huge rocks, like some
teSrful monster of the antediluvian world, Strug
piing in-his agony for freedom ? See how he writh
• es and foams in his giant strength, and tosses the
white spray, till it hangs like wreaths of snowy
flowers up in the very skies! There is a legend
about-this wild, magnificent srt, that come back
upon my memory, linked wiii4.all the dreaminess
01 childhood. A legend of love—not the less strong
and deep and holy, that it beaMe'd the first star u . -
on the midnight of an uncultivated heart—not the
less wild, intense, and fearful in its despair, that
that heart' hail learned its capability of happiness
and endurance in the great free school of nature.—
Down upon the very verge of the lake, where the
wild flowers Wereithe thickest, once rose the prince•
• ly lodge of Palarnato, thrfreat warrior of the Warn
pilings. Long lines of lesser tents were ranged
arolnd, some lost in the,dense foilage,•and otily.re•
cognizable by smoke stro._.tgling through the bran•
cies, others looking out upon the waters of the ca
taract that came tumbling down the rocks in lull
view of the encampmeng
It was an hour of strange, wild beauty, (so ran
the legend) The setting sun poured out its part
lag gifts most lavishly, and the tall trees waved to
-and fro in the rich light, like 'emerald islands drift
login • L e, sea of gold. Wild, fantastic creatures
grouperi together around the rude tents, while the
dark eyed maidens flinging aside their basket stuffs
„sought the lake side to make toilet by its mirror,
and with woman's pardonable vanity, admire for
a moment, the laughing faces that shone.iapcin its
surface.
It was the bridal night of their beautiful princess
Natameeta, who had been proffered by her fa:her
to •the Narrag,anset King as a peace offering, to
lay apt) the tomb of the tomahawk, which was
to he buried forever in the ground. The fair.
est and wisest of •his own and neighboring tribes•,
were assembled around the heartnstone of the war
rior to witness the consummation of his pledge ;
the rdd forest had yielded its brightest treasures o
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wild roses and other flowers, azd busy hands were
waving them over the bridal bed of his beautiful
child, while she, the envied bride, was pining al-
mom to death with bitter heart-aickuesa. It was la
strange blending of determination end fear, of strong
intellect uprooted by passion, and made more fear
ful from its wasting energies, that glared from the
eyes, and seemed burning their way to the brain of
the princess ! • Prostrate upon a mat of costly furs,
in the full splendor of her bridal diem, she looked
the very image of despair. For a Moment a state
ly figure darkened the entrance of her lodge, a hea
vy footstep, which even the rich matting could not
:subdue, sounded in the wigwam, and Polainato
stood gazing upon the head-broken girl: but every
trace of anguish bad vanished, and her face had °s
tunned the rigidity of expression which is`raid to
be characteristic of the Indian race.
" The bowers are hung with wild thyme and
sweet fern," said the warrior, " the torche4 are
blazing upon the hills , and yet the daughter of,Pol-
amato tarries from the side of her betrothed. Arouse
thee, girl, so much weeping has stolen the lustre
from thine eyes, the roses frOm uy cheeks, and
smiles, not tears, should be the greeting of a King."
" Smiles," eaclarmed the young creature ; sudden
ly forgetting the part she had assumed and spring-
mg to her . leer, " smiles when the heart is break
ing. Smiles like the false light which plays and
dances on the black cloud when all within is de:so-
'anon ! I tell you, father, I must weep, for my
heart is, wolleu like the waters-Qf the great fountain
when the 11.mito i 3 angry with them
said she, drawing up 41er queenly form to its full
height, " bartered far new huntiag gr ounds very
far away over the blue hills; and when another
moon comes creeping up the sky, its beams will
play with the flowers upon my mother's grave, but
I shall not be there to welcome them."
A smile full of scornful meaning stole over the
seem features of Polonium as he bent closely to her
and whispered one word, which gathered the
blood like a sunset cloud over her fare, neck,
and bosom.
ear,
rich
" I hate the Narraptiset," he muttered, " out I
cannot shut my eyes. We are weak• and feeble,
and the scalps vif our brave warriors are already in
the wigwams ; while the trees of the foreSt are not
more numerous than the chieftains of that accursed
tr,be," and he unwound the beautiful moulded arms
that had stolen his neck with a look of moody firtn
ness, that told hoW great a victory self interest /lad
achieved over his letter nature.
It is not because this land is more fair, or these
flowers more bright, that the Natameeta would
have the war fires lit again on the hills, for Polo
inato's eye is keen, and searches deeply, and it
saw thy weak heart leaving its old home to follow
the Lenape Hunter, to his scanty lodge over the
eastern piairies. To-night," said he, as he lifted
the heavy skins from the door, " to-night, when
the moon comes out in her council, and the torches
of the braves are lit upon the hills of the spirit land,
then Natameeta must be wedded to the Narragan
set !" He his gone ! Chillingly the echo of his
footsteps threading the dim forest aisles, fell upon
the heart of the princes. "To night," she mnr
mured, "to-night:" What a world of waisery,was
crowded into those to syl:ables! 'lt is a'biUer les
son to the young heart when it first learns that sor
row lives in the bright anti beautiful world, and
lurks forever in the shadow of happiness. " To
night, Natameeta will be wedded, but not to the
Narraganset King, for then her soul would wither
like the spring flowers, and not die. Methinks
there is a strange charm in the enclitrited -fountain
to-night," said she, as she looped up the heavy furs ;
and stood half poised in the embrazure, gazing up
on the cataract, which, in the warm rich light seem
ed an immense sheet of burnished silver.
It was a beautiful picture, that tall, dark girl stan
ding in the door of her rude dwelling. One small
foot encased in au exquisitly embroideret' mocca
sin, rested upoa the sill of the lodge, and the other
stole timidly forth upon the rough stone steps, as if
half tempted to go cut among the flowers that nod
ded upon the verge of the cataract, yet fearing tg
t est herself alone in a spot whose wildness so har
monized with the half formed purpose of her heart.
A robe of feathers, tastefully platted together with
beads and silver loops, composed her dress, gath
ered up around her right shoulder, and confined at
the waist with a girdle of shells, leaving her arm
bare to the wrist, around which circled a bracelet
of small silver bells, whose low sweet chime gave
out an echo to every movement of her graceful
form. Her dark hair fell like a rich waif around a
bust of faultless symmetry, and her eyes . looked
our from their king lashes, like stars through acloud
at midnight. "To-night," fell almost mechanically
from her lips, like some deep wait of woe from the
sepulchre of buried hopes. "To-night, and the
ninon is even now smiling in the eastern sky."
A slight crackling in the-bushes, arrested her at
tention and with a startled look, she stepped forth
and bent down in a listening attitude, till her face
nearly touched the ground.
" They are coming," she exclaimed after abrief
pause. "I hear their footsteps issuing from theen
campment—their voices echo from the hills—their
torches glimmer through the trees—nearer—near
er, they come—and now." " Natameeta," whis
pered a voice at her side, and a dark, toil worn fig
are crept from the shadows of the lodge. A dress
of coarse bark rudely woven together, and ragged
and torn with long journeying through the forest,
hying loosely upon a frame that seemed to have
shrunken by some sadden blow, front its usual pro
portions. A broken bow and a hunting knife were
slung to his waist by a coil of twisted bark, and a
few useless arrows released themselves from the
quiver and fell to the ground, as he emerged from
hie concealment. He wore no ornaments except a
bracelet of rare shells woven together with long
black hair, and linked with 'bells of similar work
manshin? with those of the young princess: His
haw, wild, and disordered, was matted with burrs,
and drawn back from the forehead, where the
chords and viens were swollen with hideousness,
PUBLISHED EVERY WEDNESDAY, AT TOWANDA, BRADFORD COUNTY, PA., BY E. O'HARA GOODRICH.
I am solii,'•
•
ei ovum:ass* or owiuscUrion *NON ANT QUARTZ/2?
giving to the large eyes, almost protruding from ,
their sockets, a glimmering of fearful insanity. A
shudder thrilled through the veins of the princess as
she gazed upon his seeming specter, till her eye
fell upon the embroidered bracelet, and then with
her face radiant with joy, She sprang forward and
lay upon his bosom, motionless, as if excess of hap
piness had deprived her of existence.
" They told me you would wed the Narraganset
King," said the Lenape, winding his brawny arms
still more closely around the yielding form of the
beautiful girl. " Tilly told me you would wed the
Narraganset King, and fourteen suns have seen me
toiling through the forest and' over the prairies to
restore the pledge you gave me here, by the lake
side ; under the shadow of the willows ► " and he
raised her head from its throbbing pillow ► and gaz.
ed into her eyes with an expression of earnest soli
ci•ude, as if he would there search out the -trilth
which he longed yet so dreaded tO learn. t' They
told me truly, Nataineeta," said he, as her eyes
quailed beneath his. anguished look. " You love
the Narraganset, and who should find it out so
soon as 11 I give you back your heart—mine I
cannot, I would recall, for the blood is freezing in
every pore, and I will die when another calls you
wife. I will die praying the Manito for blessings
on your head—for light over your pathway—for
happirfess around the hearthstone of your wigwam.
I will die beneath its weight of love, while you in
your happiness, will forget that it ever lived." And
his voice grew tremulous with emotion, and he
strove to unclasp his hands from the grasp of the
princess, before she could see how womanly his
heart w•as becoming
" Forp,-et you 1" said she, " never, never Oneeta,
-Sim yours, heart and soul, in life or death! I have
sworn it in the hush of twilight, when the wind had
locked the old woods to sleep. I have sworn it in
:he deep silence of the night, and the oath went up
:with the mist of the enchanted fountain, and was
written among the stars. I have sworn by my mo
ther's grave— ay, last night, when they told me I
shout] . wed another. I crept down there by her
side, heart-wom and weary, and prayed that she
would come back to me only for one minute, that
I might lay - my head upon her bosom and weep 4_
She heard me, Oneeta, for even whiles( knelt, a
bright star came slowly trailing from the spirit land
and rested in the flowers upon het grave. Then
my heart was like a bird, for I knebr that star was
the smile of my mother!'
" Die—dog of the Lenape," shouted a fierce
voice by the side of the lovers, and a tomahawk
came whizzing by, cutting the moon-beams in its
progress, and burying itself up to the handle in the
tree against which they leaned.
The Narraganset, wily as he was, bad missed his
aim, and exasperated at his failure, with the feroci
ty of hungry tiger, he sprang at the throat of his vic
tim. The contest was short bat terrible. The toil
worn Lenape was no equal fir the savage. It was
but the work of a moment to crush to the ground
and plant his knee upon the hnnter'e breast. Stron
ger and Stronger grew the death grasp around his
victim's throat, while his own became livid with
the contending passions of 'malice and revenge,
presenting an awful contrast to the purple visage of
the strangling mail.
Another minute and the victory would have been
complete, but the quiet eye of Natameeta had de
tected the hunting knife ih her lover's girdle and
with the boldness of determination which never
deserts a woman in peril, she sprang torward,
seized the knife, and was open the point of strik
ing ; but the Narrag,anset, becoming aware of his
danger, gave one loud, shrill cry that arrested her
arm, and sent the blood rushing like fire upon her
brain. Fearfully the war whoop mingled with the
scornful laugh of the Indian, and rolled through
the ,dim aisles of the forest, and fearfully • was it
echoed by a thousand savages, who required but
the thought of blood to arouse all the revolting
passions of their nature. Onward and onward
pressed the flood of human beings, like the waves
of the sea, agitated by some dreadful storm. Half
naked forms hideous in their gloating madness;
were seen through the cracking bushes. Torches
woke up the, sleeping shadows, and illuminated
the woods with an awful brilliancy, What was to
be done-? The next moment would usher in a
death-song for the hunter—a marriage channt for
the maiden ! The thought was too horrible for
endurance. Die she might, and that too, without
a fear, as befitting her daring race, but to wed the
murderer of her lover, even with the body of that
lover lying ghastly and pale before her—never.—
It was a desperate resolve—an awful resolve for a
woman's hand, that rushed upon her brain with its
maddening influence. She had calculated upon
the chances of an injury sufficient to prevent his
pursuit, but not on the death of the Narraganset.—
Now ths was her only hope of escape, so grather
ing up her strength for one desperate trial, she
managed by a wily movement to throw the Indian
off his guard and before he could recover himself,
the knife was buried in his heart, and with?ut a
groan he fell dead at her feet. " Up, up, Oneeta,"
said she as the Indaia's hand loosened in his death
struggle from around the hunter's throat. "Up to
the great fountain. We will die as we have lived
with our hearts braided together 1 rtgoto the charmed
waters—see how they glide-over the rocks like a
shower of stars from the, spirit land. Those stars
shall be our marriage , bed of floviers. The Glori
ous etches that circle in the mist above them, shall
bend over our pathway as we sail on the home of
the braves. Remember—Natameets must be marri
ed tonight, and so she will, and herh6ad pdlowed on
the bosom of her bethrothed, beneath the waters
of the such:Wed fountain."
"Hark, Onsets, they have scented the blood of
the Narraganset— see where they bend over bun—
and now they are on our path—one effort more
and we are free, Oneett,free P and a light silvery
laugh, which told anything br=.ehimed in
with the deep bass of the , while the
hoares voices of the pursuers grew every moment
Lean r and nearer ; but the lovers heeded them not
for they were far up the rocks, by the bed of the
waters, launching a fairy ttanoe of birch bark, w hich
the princess had seized and borne along with them
in their flight.
It was a glorious night. A night that death would
choose for the eternal spirit-union of young hearts.
A night to fill the soul of intellect v ith vague lon
gings to plant the flower of immortal. Nu won
der then, that those vague Urgings should so till the
hearts of these simple forest children. BeaUty and
sublimity combined to fling a halo of glory i around
the wildemessof the scene. Even the fierce war
riors, bent on blood, became silent and subdued,
as they rested on the rocks and looked out upon
the swift waters of the cataract as far as the eye
could reach, a hike of flowing silver, testing dreflm
ingly in the warm light, or gliding onward and On
ward, almost impreceptibly nearing the fatal abyss,
till upon the very verge of the fall, becoming sud
denly aware of its danger, it seemed for a moment
to rftist the tide, then dashing madly over the preci
pice to be lost in the gulf below. The moon flung
her beams among the mist that circled above the
waters, and wove into a thousand gorgeous rain
bows. Living diamonds
,sparkled through the
brilliant coloring, and, in the mist of rainbows and
diamonds, as if the angels had built for nom an
arch of glory, the fairy bark of the lovers came gli
ding down the lake, like some beautiful spirit float
ing in the moonlight.
Firm and erect they stood amidst the gathering
boom—no semblance of fear upon their faces—no
terror in their hearts ! Onward and onward glided
this little bark, with its freight of loving spirits amid
the deafening yell of the terrified savages. Once
and once only, a shade of sadness deepened upon
the brow of the princess, for her ear had caught
amid the chaos, the wild cry of her father, but bit
ter memories crop into her heart; and gathering
the fainting form of her lover more closely to her
bosom, as the boat trembled upon the verge of the
fall, her last words came floating back :—" To
night Natameeta must be wedded !'' Louder and
more melodious swelled the chorus of the waters,
as they closed over this strange scene of love and
death ; and brighter and more glorious grew the
tinted arches, as the foam wreaths burst their clasps
from the brow of the Niagara, and scattered their
white flowers over the marriage bel of the Indian
Lovers.
THE LEARNED Fianna.—A faecal who was in
Hingham yesterday, took occasion to visit the little
girl, who, it is said had succeeded in taming the
fishes in a pond at that place, so they would eat
out of her , hand. He found that the stories which
had been related in relation to these.fishes, e had not
been exaggerated. The little girl who has thus
acquired a control over the otherwise usually shy
inmates of the water, is about seven years old.—
She is small of her age, and a very interesting and
intelligent girl. She goes to the edge of the pond
with a piece of bread in her hands, and calls her
pets, in her childish, though musical voice, g• peaty,
pouty." The fish in the pond, principally
horn-pouts with some pickerel, and other
fish, immediately flock to the rock on which she
stands, and receive from her hand the food
which she has.proiided. They seem not to be in
the least afraid of the little girl but suffer bet to
handle them without moving. One large pout,
in particular seemed considerably pleased at being
patted and stroked on the back. With a view of
testing the tameness of the fish, the mother of the
little girl took a piece of bread, and . went to the
water's edge. The fish came towards the bread,
but probably discovering that it was offered by a
stranger, immediately darted away —Boston
Journal.
Splarr or Rcumos.—Christ re-established unity
of human nature. He taught us the principles* of
human justice, and the grand secret of all happi
ness and harmony on earth and in heaven—love.
Till we arrive at this point of his system, we are
unacquairtted with Christianity, and ignorant of our
nature and destinies.
The dogmas and mysteries that even the very
highest disciples have wrapped around this glorious
sun of the Christian system—this all-embracing
sentiment of universal love—have only obscured
its light from,pe, and screened from us its vital
warmth. The gospel does not consist in doctrines
and ceremonies but love.
But to love'we must ktiow who are worthy of
love ; and here again the revelation. of Christ em •
braced The infinite " Thou shah love thy neighbor
as thiself."
And then came the question—" Who is my
neighbor ?"
And the answer, expressed in an immortal story
was" Every one who needs thy help."
Soctxx Love.—How sweet as social aflection !
When the world is dark Without we have light
within. When cares disturb the breast, when sor•
row broods about the heart, what joy gathers in the
circle we love We forget the world witn all its
animosities, while blessed with social. kindness.
That man cannot be unhappy, who has hearts that
vibrate in sympathy with his own, who is cheered
by the smiles of aflection and the voice of tender
ness. Let the world be dark and cold, let the bate
and animosity of bad men gather about him in the
place of business—but when he enters the ark of
love, his own cherished circle, he forgets these
and the cloud passes from his brow and the sorrow
from his heart. ,The warm sympathies of his wife.
and children dispel every shadow and be feels a
thrill of joy in his bosom which: words are not
adequate to express. He who is a stranger to the
joys of social kindness has not began to live.
Wrreotrr 'religion the highest endowments of in
tellect can only render tho possessor more danger
ous if he be ; if well-disposed only
more unbappy.—/kuthey.
Cow Hasitts.—The man who will abandon a
friend for an error, knows but little of the human
character, and shows that his_heart is as cold as
his judgment is weak.,
Butter-Making In Wand.
Eorrcrts Ccurrvrroa.—:As I bad some dairy-Gut:
ming experience in Holland, and wail for aittantar
of years manager. of an extensive Lim where but
ter was made, in the Northern part of that coun
try, where the best article for market is produced,
I thought it not unfit to give yoor readers a deserip,
Lion of the way the Hollandent" make Lauer,
which often keeps one year or more.
We milk from 40 to 60 cows, of a breed called
" Lakeveldsche," after their originator. This breed
of cattle was obtained like the BakeweU sheep,. by
scrupulously breeding the best animals, till the
highest point or perfection far the dairy was obtain
ed. They are invariably white, with a black,
cloth-like spot lon the• back, and down the sides;
their size is equal to the Durham cows I have
seen in America. The milk . of these cows is gen
erally rich, altho u gh one animal will differ some
times lamely from another in this respect. They
-sell commonly for 80 guilders, {832) each. I have
often paid as high as 150 guilders for an extra
milker. •
Although these animals are always liighly fed
and well kept in all seasons, they are cons•autly
poor while they are milked; this is one of their
best qualities, us they turn every • thing into milk.
We took from 18 to 8 quarts of , milk a day
throughout tr.e year, according to seasons; the
highest point, and the best milk is obtained in
Ap.il and the to..ining of May, whorl the elide get
the new clover and grass.. At that period, the but
ter is of the finest possible flavor and sells,' made
up in fancy figures and adorned with the first flow
ers of spring,
Whose eo'ors quaint
Hine d s pei d the meadows
for 50 and 40 cents (American ,currency,) the
pound. The average price North Holland butter
cl i\
commands, from wholesal dealers, throughout
the year, is 15 cents, per pond, American curren
Our cows were always fed in the stable, and
turned out in open yard twice a day, for exercise,
and to cleanse their places by a liberal application
of water and broom rubbing, of which last two ar
ticles, the Dutch dairyman is most lavish, no filth
nor litter being ever allowed to remain in the sta
ble at the time of milking.
Thb whole secret of making such superior, and
long keeping high-flavored butter, is according to
my observation, only to be found in the most min
ute cleanliness in the manipulation generally, and
in the utmost nicety in the keeping of the milk,
cream vessels and apartments, joined to 'plenty of
white (Dutch) clover, and the use of salt, obtain
.
ed by evaporation of sea s
water.
Every morcing before sunrise, the cows were
fed and turned out, the dung and all filth removed,
and the doom and windows opened. Atter airing
the stable, they were placed back again, and milk
ed, the milk, taken to the dairy-maid, was placed
in shallow earthen pans (glazed inside) which
stood in a reservoir of cool water, purposely let in
before every milking. In the course of the day
she dipped off the cream, by the aid of a. flat hol
low wooden dish, as often as it rose to the surface
of the milk, which in no case is suffered to get
sour before the cream is taken off. The cream
was poured into large tube, in - the form of a Dutch
chum, and stirred several times in the day. I
should have stated that the night's milk was put in
the pans in the same way, and ski - mined Off before
the morning's milk was brought in; the cream of
the last being added to that of the first, the whole
was suffered to get sour together. If the cream did
not turn sour by itself, it was caused to do so by
adding some acid cream to the eoptents of the tubs.
Churning was performed by horse-power; some
times once a day and sometimes every other day,
according to the fitness of the cream ; the churn
apparatus was so arranged that a regular motion of
the dasher could be adapted to the. seasons of the
year. After the butter was separated it was taken
out by a strainer made of silver wire, and put in a
brass tray, in which it was left to harden for a few
hours, in the reservoir alluded to above. When
hard enough to knead well, the buttermilk,Was all
pressed out, not a particle visibWo the eye being
left, after which the dry butter was salted - and the
salt worked in. The hand, often dipped in ice
cold water, him hitherto performed the expulsicn
of the buttermilk. After the salt was added, only
a wooden ladle, perfectly sweet, touched the but
ter, and the milk-like brine which is expressed un
der the operation of saltier, is dried off by press.
ing clean linen towels on the butter.
The next operation is putting the butter, down in
the firkin ; this i 4 made of white oak '(slightly dif
ferent' from the American white'oak, it being los
er-grained,) and-when destined for a sea voyage
or long keeping, only old firkins, which we col
lect for the purpose, were used, after the same
re
madewe sweet by scalding brine. • The bottom
ofthe vessel was sprinkled and the sides rubbed
with pulverised salt, and the Wier peeked - in such
a manner that no cavities nor brine ever remained
in or between the successive layers; the firkin be
ing fined, a layer of salt was rubbed on the surface,
and a clean sheet of white piper placed over the
salt, while the nailing on of a hollow wooderrifialr,
completed the article for market and for tramper.
tation to any part of the world,-
It is incredible to any body who has not made
close observations on the subject, how easily milk
lis changed by thetemperafravv, rind'above alt how'
easffyit is affected by the vessels wherein it is
kept, as also, how much, almost magical influence,
the personal cleanliness of the dairi4maid has, on
the article of .batter produced. Dairymen who
have the same herbage, will not produce the same
quality of butter, nor get the same price in market,
because the prolecrion of the one itl.diatioahished
by a pleasant, yellow, inviting coloe and admirable
flavori.whilei that of the other is depreciated by, a
whitish, cheesy-like appearance, indifferent taste,
and esomeflnir flabby texture, Some people, ow
ing to a peculiarity atxnit ~ p erson, never tun
make butter that will keep for a loos time.
.s y'. . _.st—..
SEM
. . •
it,tiz , a rule with the hairy - w omen of my ',canary,
'sever to pat. milk. Cream Of bnuer, twice in the
same vessel, without scalding, airing, and if pos
sible, summing.
I have eaten better of oar Own tir.ke, that had
been sent among ship stores, passel the equator to
the island of- Java, and was brought back again
perfectly sweet and fresh.
The cows, by the construction of the stable, were
di:ided on be t t sides ofa floor, 26 feet wide, with
large doors tor a Wagon loaded with green herbage
or hay to drive through ; before and antler the head
of The cattle, were troughs built of brick, for their
drink aid food, with a pump so placel that the wa
ter, letin the troughs, could be drained cod et the
o?posite end Gutters were pro Sided behind the
cows, tcl„reeeive the solid and liquid excrements,
which by theirown gravity, and finally by sweep
mg and cleaning, - were conveyed to a cistern,
where compost was formed by admixture of wad
out of the bottom of ditches, which in Holland di
vided the meadows and take the place of formes.
-This compost was carried out and scattered over
the meadows in the spring, as soon as the water
of which I shall have occa in to speak directly is
drawn oft.
Meadows and pastures iu Holland, are situated
on what is called " Polders;'' a polder is a ssufwe
of level lan I, measuring from 20 to 4 miles square,
and not unfrequently 20 dr 30 feet below the ad
joining river, which glides in rapid matron along
the embankments that protect the land forcibly
against the intrusi ni of its boisterous Waters. These
embankments called "dykes," are kept in good re
prir by the joint contributions of the different own
ers of the polder. Rain-water is worked out by
stationary windmills, also the joint pmperty of -tbe
owners, (called " Ingelanders ;") in fall and win
ter the rain-water is antlered to accumulate and in
undate the lands, which then frequently present
the appearance of a.large (Aux This is done in
order to kill noxious weeds, and give the soil the
i benefit of irrigation. In Mareb or Febuary the wa
tear is pumped off. and the manure put on as. be
fore described. In this manner land is made to
produce an abundance of fresh herbage, consisting
principally of white clover e from April till Septem
ber, or the same is cut twice, and made into excel
lent hay for winter forage, without even tweaking
the sod or using a plow.
The Dutch dairymln never produces grain, not
even fot his own consumption ; his whole atten
tion is undividedly applied to making, in the best
possible style, the ankle for which he is SP justly
celebrated.
If my countryman could be made' to - believe
that America ba4 such an extensive command of
cheap land, adaptedifor the dairy business, joined
o an unlimited home market for the article, they
certainly would escape from the feudal vexations.
under which they now suffer, and' like me, seek
refuge in the land where Liberty holds the sceptre,
and where every one can enjoy the reward of
honest labor, without being compelled, as they are
to give-up one half of their hard earnings to a reek
profligate and Squandering government
I would add, that the-land on. which I am loca
ted is well adapted for dairy-fanning, the closer
and grass stringing up spontaneously, after clear
ing; the climate is, by the elevation, (1,000 feet
above the Tennessee river,) temperate; my ther
mometer last summer never rose abover.94° in the
sun, while that inedruinent generally ranged be- .
tween 60° and 70 ° in the shade. The facilities by
which butter can be sent to the
.southern markets,
Charleston, Savannah, Augusta, &c., secures ready
sale to any body who wants to undertake the ma
kitig of it in this region. •
Land can be bought here for 51,25 an acre. I
bought mine from Nicholas Haight of New-York,/..
who I suppose would give all necessary informa
tion about the same. ALIA C. RICHARD:
Walden's Ridge, Hamilton Co , Tenn., June 26.
EurrtNu A NEWSPAPER—We never could see the
virtue of the boast which is so often made by pa
pers and magazines, that so large a portion of their
pages is original. Such originality is often Maintain
ed at the expense of the worth. The beet exchanges
of our acquaintances are by no means those which
have the greatest amount of original matter.—
There is more of editorial tact and talent required
to make proper and practical 'selectior.s, than is put
in requisition by the production of the vaunting or
iginal papers Who seem to regard originality as the
only requisite for a good periodical. A good news,
paper is always dependant upon other resources
than its own. And the boast of a periodical that is
entirely original is too often like the boast of a li
brary-if it should claim - to *re the production• of
only one author.—Lynn 'News:
MAKING WOVNIX9 Wortss.—. man strikes me
w:th a sword and inflicts a wound. - Suppose in
toad of binding up the wound, I am showing it to
every body; and after it has been bound up, I . am
taking ofi the bandage continually and-exaininink
the depth of the wound, and mating. it to fes
teilill my limb becomes nreatly tnflamad, aa my
general health is materially °fleeted ; is therea•per
son in the world who would not call me a fool?
Now such a fool is he, who, by dwelling upon lit
tle injuries or insults or provocations, causes them
o agate and inflame the mind. How much Miter
were it to put a bandage over the wound 'and nev
er look -.at it again.
Pocrar.—How many oaght•to feel, ondurstaral,
and enjoy poetry, that are quite insensibleto
How many ought not to 4 atterrigt to create / it , .who
waste themselves in the fruitless enterprise! It is
a sickly fly that has no plate for honey! it must be
aeonceited one that tries to it: •
hissrmtk—We look with wonder at the specta
cle which uttooomy ,pteseats to -as .of thousands
,of worlds, and systems of world!, weaving together
theirlarmonions movements in one great whole;
but the view of the he6rfs of men furnished by his
tory conidered ass combination of bogtaphiea, is
immeasurably mote awful and astonishing,
" •
/3E
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