iF ~ ;,
La
taurEms:t=-
TOWANb.A.:
Mektrobag Morning, Mag 24, )848.
Rumba fro. FwbUk's itidnuakt
We have before mentioned this work,as one con
taining cast stores of amusing as Well as useful in
formation, and embracing a 4rariqy of subjects re
ally, astonishing. That the readeF may see how
numb 'euriou s information is to be gleaned from it,
'we make some extracts. • We cannot extract from
be seieptifie portion, is it is all illustrated by
plates, but the, following extracts Will - be tound of
interest:
, .
in Speaking of the Ancient Fgyptrans, whose
language .dempherel at last on the old monuments
of the country, has brougnt to rkillt much of the
history of the arts among them, the lithor says:
" Salting fish seems to have beerva regular pro
- Tess on in-ancient Egypt, and by processes similar
to those now in use ; although it Was not till the
15th century that the art was knoidtvi-in modem Eu-
-rope, when William Brkkutn, a Dutchman, wbb
died In 1447, " found out the art ofssalting, smok
ing, and preserving herrings??
It is also not a,little singular that trio Egyptians
had a religious rite, in which, as in modern Lcnl,
every person ale fish. They used the spear, hook
and line ; dry, seine and other nets. Part of a
net; with leads to sink it, has been found at Thebes.
Wealthy individuals had — Private fish-ponds, in
which they angled. They hunted with dogs; and
also with the lion, which was tamed for that . pur
pose. The noose or lasso, and various traps, were
common. Cattle were branded with the names of
their owners. In taking birds, they had decoys
add -nets, like modem fowlers. Beer was an Egyp-
tian lieterag,e, and onions a favorable esculent— '
ibeie were as superior in taste to ours, as in the el
(A:Mee of the bunches in - which they were tied. At
feasts.they had music and dancing, castanets, and
even the pirouette of Italian and French artistes.—
They had . "gr'ace" at deals; and wore wreaths of
flowers and nosegays. Eiss — enees in bottles and I
ointments, the odor of some of which remains.—
The ladies wore neck-laces formed of beads of
gold, glass, and of precious stones, and even of im
ration stones. In dress they had cotton _and linen
cloths: some of thelattei were so fine as to be com- I
pared to woven air, through which the persons was
distinctly seen ; and the formei of patterns similar
M. those of modern calicoes. Ezekiel ,speaks of •
fine linen with broidered work from Egypt ;" and
in Exodus it is often mentioned. The had tissues I
Of silVer and gold, and cloth formed wholly of the
latter was, found at Thebes, having figures of a boy
and a goes wrbught on IL Toilet boxes
: inlaid
_.with various colored woods, and ornamented with
lvary and golden studs. Sofas, chairs, stools and
ottomans, all imitated in modem articles. Bed
steads enclosed in muumeto nets; and pillows, the
latter of wood, the material of Which they were for
merly made in Europe. Inlaid works of gold, sil
• ter and bronze. Vases of elegant forms and ela
borate workmanship ; great numbers of these are
*presented among the varieties of tribute carried
1;13.r foreigners to Thothmes 111. in whose reign the
. Israelites left Egypt. :Door-hinges and bolts of
bronze, similar to the modern ; scale-beams, enam
eling. Gild-beating and gilding. Gold an d silver
wire; some specimens are flattened with, the ham-
Mer, others are believed to have been drawn.—
Vessels-with spouts like those' of our tea-kettles;
one of the very best proofs of skill in working sheet
; metal.
Glass blowers are represented at work, and ves
sels identical with 'our demijohns and Florence
flasks have been, and both protected with reed or
''wicker work—besides, pocket botOs covered with
leather, and other vestrels of glass, Cut, cast blown.
Goldsmiths in their shops are shown, with bellows;
•
blow-pipes, crucibles and furnaces: golden baskets
of open wcrk ; solder, hard and soft, the latter an
alloy of tin and lead. Stone cutting; the form of
the mallet the same as ours. Chisels of bronze;
9 , ne found, is nine and a quartet inches long, and
weighs ohe pound twelve ounces—its form resem
bles 'those now in fuse. IVlreel-wrights and car
riage rlMkers at work; from whichit is ascertain
ed that the bent or improved carriage pole of mo
dern days was in use upwitrds.pf three Ihr-instant
rears ago. Carpentenotard ;cabinet makers' shops,
are represented; from wills* and:from specimens
of work extant, we learn that 'dovetailing and dow
eling, glue and veneering Were common.
• saws, hatchets, drills and bows, were all of bronze.
Models of boats. The leather cutter's knife had a
semicircular blade, and was identical with the mo
dern one.
Shoe and Saddle makers had straight and bent
awls the latter was supposed to have beerea mo
dem invention—the bristle atthy end of the thread
does not seem to have been tWed, as ace person is
seen drawing the thread through with his teeth.—. ,
Lastly, Egyptian ladies wore their flair plaited and
and curled : they had valuers, needles, pins, and
Jewelry In great abundance; they had fans and
combs; one of the latter has teeth larger on one side
than on the other. and the centre is Carved and
was probably inlaid. • Their children had dolls and
other toys; and the gentlemen generally used wal
king canes and wore wigs, which were very cora
min."
---- Again; of the Ancients :
Nletaliemirrors furnish one of the best proofs of
skill in working the metals in the remotest times,
Jor their antiquity extends beyond all records. In
the first pages of history they are Mentioned as in
common use. The brazen laver' of the Tabema
. ete, was made of the mirrors of the Israelitish wo
men, which theY r carried with them out of Egypt.
From some found at Thebes, as- well as represen
hitions of otherti, in the sculptures arid painting, we
see at once 'that these " (Pfhey
are callcil
.in Expdirs,) were similar to those of
( ..ti'eek.and komanladies ; viz : round or oval plates
of metal, from - three to six inches in diameter,
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and having handles of wood, stone and mew bigtk,
ly ornamented and of various forms, according to
the taste of the wearer. Some have been found in
Egypt with the Inotre pattially preserved of an al-
loy of copper, and antimony of tin, and lead ;:,and
appear to have been carried about the person, set.
cured'to or suspended from the girdle, as pincush
ions and scissors were formerly worn and are so
still by some antiquated ladies. The creeks; 'and
Romans bail them also of slyer and Mes. Some
of the latter were found in Herculaneum. Pln.
tarch mentions mirrors enclosed in very rich frames.
Among the articles of the toilet found in Pompeii,
are ear-ringt, golden and common phut, and sever!,
al metalie miners: One is round and eiglainebes
in diarnetert, the other and oblong square.
had them with plane surfaces, and also convex and
concave. Seneca says his esuntrywornen had
them also, equal in length and breadth to a full
grown person, superbly decbrated with gold and
silver, and precious stones. Their luxury in this
article, seems to have been excessive, for the cost
of one often exceeded a moderate fortune. The
dowry which the Senate gave the daughter of
avoiding to Seneca, would not purchase in his
time, a mirror, for the datighter‘of a freedman,—
The Anglo-Saxon dames had portable metallic mir
rors, aud wore them suspended from the waist. It
is not a little siggular that the ancient Peruvians had
them alsa, formed of silver, copper and its alloys,
and alecrotobeidian steep. They had them plane,
convex, and concave. clad not the art awaking
these mirrors been revived.in the speculums of-re
flecting telescopes, their lustre could hardly have
been considered as indifferent substitutes for the
modern looking-glass. These last are supposed to
have been manufactured in ancient Tyre, and of a,
black colored glass. Fluid lead or tin was after
used. It was poured on, the plates while they were
hot from the fire, and being suffered to cool, form
ed a back which reflected the image. Looking
glasses of this description were made in Venice, in
the 13th century. It was not till about the lath,
that the present mode pf coating the back with
quicksilver and tin-foil was introduced. The in
ventor, is not known. Venus was sometimes re
presented with a speculudi in one hand, and the
astronomical symbol of the planet Venus is the fig- .
ure sof one.. There is a, chemical examination of
an ancient speculum in the,l7th volume of Tilloch's
Philadelphia Magazine. _
Barbers flourished in the mythologic ages, for
Apollo having prolonged the ear? of Midas to a
length resembling those of a certain ammal,the rat'
ter it said, endeavored to hide his disgrace by bit
hair ; but found it utterly impossible to conceal it
from his 'barber. Bronze razors were anciently i
common."
The following description of a magnificent ship l ,
of the olden time may teach us that there were
shipwrights before our day.
" There are several interesting particulars men
tioned Ivy Athenens, respecting the magnificent ship
named-the a Symensan," which was built under
the direction of Archimedes, and to which we have
alluded. From: the following brief description it
will be perceived, that Tor richness of decoration,
real conveniences and luxuries, (for even that of at
library was not overlooked,) she rivaled, if she did
not excel, our justly admired packets and steam
ships.
Three hundred carpenters were employed in
building di's vessel, which was completed in one
year. The timber for planks and ribs were obtain
ed partly from 'Mount Etna, and "partly from Italy ;
other materials' from Spain, and, hemp for cordage
from the vicin4 of Rhone. She was every where
secured with large copper nails, (bolts] each of
which weighed ten pounds and upwards. At equal
distances all round the exterior were statutes of
Atlas, nilie feet in height, supporting the upper
decks and triglyphs; besides which the whole out
side was adorned with paintings; and environed
with ramparts or guards of iron, to prevent an ene
my from boarding her. She had three masts; for
two of these ; trees sufficiently large were 'obtained
without much diffipulty, but a suitable one of the
znninmast, was not procured for some time. A
swine-herd accidentally discovered hue growing
on the mountains of Bruttin. She was launched by
a few hands, by means of 'a helix, or screw ma
chine inveetedi; by Archimedes, for the purppse,
find it appears That she was sheathed with sheet
lead.—(European ships were sheathed with sheet
lead in the 11111 century, at which .time also wood
en sheathing was in vogue. See 'Colliers ) Diet.
Vol. 1. Arn England.)—Twelve anchoni were on
board, four of which were' of wood, and eight of
iron. Grappling irons were disposed all round,
which by means of suitable engines eould be thrown
into enemies' ships. Upon each side of the vessel
were six hundred yoUng men fully armed, arid an
equal number on the 'masts and attending the en
gines for throwing stones. Soldiers', [modem
marinas] were also employed on. board, and they
were supplied with ammunition, L e. stones mid
arrows, "by little boys that were helctiv," [the
powder monkies of a modern meant' war,] who
sent them up in baskets by means of pulleys She.
had twenty ranges of oars. Upon a rampart was
an engine invented by Archimedes, which could
throw arrows and stones of three hundred pounds,
to the distance of stadium, [a furlong] besides
some others for defence, and suspended in chains
of braes
M3=MM!!MM
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She seems to have been what is now balled "a
threegpcker," for there were "three galleries or
corridgrs," from the lowest of which, the sailors
went down by, ladders to the hold. 'ln the Middle
one, wera thirty' rooms, in each of which were pa-,
ved with small stones of different colors, (mo
saics) representing scenes from Homer's flied.—
The doors, windows and ceilings were imishmi
with " wonderful art," and embellished with every
kind of ornament. The kitchen is mentioned as
on this deck and neat to the stern, also three Urge
•
rooms for eating. .
* In the 34$ gallery were lodgings for the
"Miens,
and a gymnasium or place a exercise:: There
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were elan gardens in this vessel ; in Which !Mit*
plants were arranged with taste; and among them
walks, proportioned to the magnitude of the ship,.
and shaded by arbors of ivy and trines, whore roots
were in; huge vessels filled with ear& Adjacent
to these was a room, named the tqactatentnf
Venus," the floor of• which was pawed with- gate
and other pntionsiftnes; the
were4pyPreen wood, TtitiAri_igd*idi
se s at a “ltee PaintilKal and irdszilliikivary. AD-
other room, the sides and windows of .which were,
of box - wood, contained a library; 'the - ceiling re
presented the heavens and on the trip or outside
was a-sao dial. Another apartment was hued up
for bathing. The water was heated ittAintas,large
copper cauldrons, and theft:whin vessel was made
of a single'stone of variegated tolora. contain
ed 60 gall's. There were also ten stables placed
on both sides of the vessel, together with straw and
corn for the horses, and conveniences for the horse
men and their servants. At certain aisianies, pie
ces of timber projected, upon which were piles of
wood, ovens, mills, and other contrivances for the
services of life.
At the ship's head was a large reservoir of fresh
water, formed of plank and pitched. Near it waa
a conservatory for fish, lined with &beet lead, and
containing salt water; although the well or hold
was extremely deep, one man, Atherton& says,
could pump oat all the water that leaked • We her,
•by a 6Cll3Vir which Archimedes adaptedsto
,em were • • • • • '
chines on board, for the planes, bathing apparatus,
and kitchen, &c. The ripper decks were supplied
with water by pipes of earthem-ware and of lead;
the latter, moss likely, eitending from pumps or
other engines that raised the liquiii; for there is
reason to believe that machines analogous to forc
ing pumps wife at that time known.
The "Syracuse's" was laden with corn and sent
as a present to the Ling of Egypt, upon which her
name was changed to that of the " Alexandria."—
Mapificent as this vessel was, she arpears to have
been surpassed by one subsequently built by Pto
lemy Philopater ; a description of which is given
by Montinicon, in the fourth volume of his• anti
(pities."
Here is a little scientific extract. We give it that
our readers may understand the philosophy of eat
ing oysters.. There is no cut accompanying this
explanation, but those who wish to see the action
Illustrated, have only to visit an Oyster stand, and
down with a quarter
" In every age people have been fond of °rears,
and •embers of our citizens often luxuriate on a
liner and larger species than those which Roman
epicures, formerly imported from Britain. Now,
when a gentleman indulges in this fool in the or
dinary way, he affords a striking illustration Of the
pressure of the atmosphere. A large one is open,
ed by the restaurateur, which also loosens the ani
mal from its shell, and presents it on one half of
the latter. The imitator of the boa then approaches
his lips to the newly slain victim, and when they
come in contact with but a portion of it, he imme
diately (Mates his chest as in the eel of inspiration,
when the air, endeavoring to rush into his month
to inflate the thorax, di ives the oyster before it, and
with the velocity that is somewhat
_alarming to an
inexperienced spectator. If any one should doubt
this to be effected by atmospheric pressure, let him
fully inflate his lungs previous to, attempting thus to
draw an oyster into his mouth, and he will find us
much dificulty to accomplish it as to smoke a pipe
os vies. with his ' , mesh-open. -
This philosophical mode of transmitting oysters
to the stomach is identical in principle with that
proposed by Guerricke and Papip, for shootingbul
lets, "by the rarefaction of air." A leaden .ball
was fitted into the breech of a gun-barrel, and - the
end being chwed, a vacuum was produced in front of
it; after which the atmosphere was allowed toad
suddenly on the ball, when it was driven through
the tube with the velocity of a thousand feet in a
second. Jest so with the copier it lays inertly at
the orifice of the devourer's mouth—a partial vacu
um
is made in front of it by the act of respiration,
and on dilating the elitist, the atmosphere drives it
in a twinkling down the natural tube in the thieat
—though, to be sure, with a velocity somewhat less
than that of bullets through Pepin's min."
The following brief account of the original ream
son 'for ringing bells at &ea, with their cOnsecia
tion, &c. •
Tbe„mhemdie delusions -which ecclesiastics
established in Europe during the middle ages were'
quite as preposterous, and equally effective in pa
ralizing the energies of the people._ kii_ofifftcult
to reflect of them without feeling emotions-of wond
er as well as pity, at the wrefebedeonditionzof our
race when void Of kepsyledgm; ,and of gratitude,
that in our times , the shackles of ignerauce and en
perstition are rapidly rusting away. It„was acorn
mon belief that fires (and variowsether calamities)
were induced by wicked epirits„ and - that the beet
mode ofteinosing the evil was by driving the 11ub
thonsofthein away ! These inbuigdfie warkemsof
mischief, according to the demolonogista of the
times, consisted of numerous classes, -- and *till.
bons of each Were confined to:initials" ,elements: It
area , those who reamed in the air that were the
greatest incendiaries. "Aerial, spirits, :or -devils,
are such 'as keep quarter mite part in thesis [they]
cause many tempests, thunderand Willi
oaks, fire sfrePia, houses," ike- (Seckgkl . AoastP
my of IffelancluAy.) • When a house therefore, orals
•on fire the priests ' instead - olTstiroulating - by-their
examples the bystanders to exert themselves in ob
tpiniug water, Ste., bad resource letheimages and
portended relics of saints, which they brought out
of thesehurchee, in order to exert their influence,
and esielling the invisible authors of thrn. The
pall, or sacred .aovering of the altar, wail iffsis fre.
quently tarried in procession, to cot:eagle lathe
overthrow of the fiends. But when a church itself
• took fire Ouch was the ignorance of the time,) the
peoplethen, heartily-hlaosPhemedtheeaint,hielioi"
it was dedicated, lot not preventing the Mitichiet;
(EncytriUmiq.) like Bylbt- shindig- the ilages of
Apollo) when he was defeated in battle.
=MEM
, Other cnricins but popular substitutes for water
and fire-engines, were church 'Bells thCite were
consecrated - 11:itlk hurting egleuroniett. They
wereW4fied.insitle ant) out with holy w4er-7Per
famed with censers—anointed with sacred oil—
named mid itigned•wilh-the cross, that deilts,(silys
-the ritual) "hearing this betilny tremblC and fici
from the binite.vef the cross 'designed upon
Besides. striking .demons with horror and driving
them from the vicinity, these bells had the wonder
fat power `rifUllaying filatlitS, tempests, tl#mder and
lightning, and ovtinguishing fires; and) iamb of
theta *the rare gift of ringing on important occa
sions of their own .occord. M. Arno, in a, paper
on thunder and lightning, inquires (among other al
leged meartwof dissipating thunder climes) into
1 this old superstitions of i• Ringing of .Botts;" and
he ekes specifies of prayers, still offered up, on
their consecratiou,acconlingto the Paris Ritual, ‘4 0
eternal God ! grant that the sound of this bell may
put to flight the fire strokes of the enemy of maa,
the thunder bolt, the rapid fall of stortes,;as well as
all disasters and tempeSs." In the "Golden Le
gend" of Wynken de Wonle, the old English prin
ter, it is said ig the evil spirytes that ten in the re
gion of !hi ay re, double mocha wlien'thy here the
Bells rin„,.•en; and this is the cause why the Belles
ringen when it thondetib, and when vete tempeste
and rages of whether happen, to the end that the
feinds end wycked spirres should bp abashed and
flee, and.couute of the tnovynge of tempests." The
Googe, an old British poet:
If that the tbaoder chance to roar,
The stormie tempests shake.
. • a. • • • •
The elarke doth all theibells forthwith
. At once in steeple ring:
With wondrous sound and deeper farre
Than he was wont before:
. Till in the loftie heavens darke,
The thunder bray no more. I
rim in these christenedbells they thioke
Doth lie such power and might,
As able is the tempests great.
And storme to vanquish quight..
The application of bells to the purposes of fire
engines is also mentioned by Peter N t lartyr, in his
'Common Places," a work dedicated In Queen Eli
zabeth. Black letter, 1583. Speaking of things
eonseerated by papists in cowmen with the ancient
heathen;he says of bells--ei t they bo wathed, they be
anointed, they be conjured, they are I named and
handled with far greater pomp and ambition, than
men are when they are batised, and mom is at
tributed to them than lathe prayers of initief men.
For they say, that by the ringing 41 them—the
wicked, spirits, the host -of adversaries the laying
await of enemies, tempo. ts, hayle std Mies, whit'.
winds, violent blastes and hurtful' i.liiinderelaps,
are driven away, eLANES 'and rums ale:extinguish
ed, and finally whatever else soevetlP There is
no small ringing of bells in this city New York)
during fires; but their unaided effecisi," on the de
vouring element, ere others means arrived,
has, we believe, been conserated ; but .os from one
to two hundred Spanish bells have recently been
sold here, (having been taken from , the convents
in consequence of the civil war which laastso long
raged in that oountry,) this virtue .1 sacred bells
may soon be tested. Certainly,' if they can do a
moiety of the good things mentioned above, they are
worth mech. - more than forty cents per lb, the ay
..
wage price at which they teem sold."
And the following relative to the fire engines of
the Turks with en amusing anecdote from Com
medineiVrier, we cannot 'pass over.;
"The fire engine of the Turk is an improvment
on the syringe, but not much monseffeetive. The
author of " Sketches of Tnrkey" el*erves, when
speatiwtof fires in Crinstaiutittottle,N'lndeed, when
we afterwards saw the machines used by the Turks
to extinguish fires, we were not surprised at the
feeble resistance which they could' oppose to the
progress of the devouring element.. The engines,
hi fact, am not larger than those employed by us
water gardens ;. they have bat a single chamber,
which is about eight inches long by-three or four in
diameter ; they are readily earriedabout by hand."
Commodore Porter, in his intermti l ng account of
i , Constantinople and its Environs,", says their fire
engines'a are like those we used 'in our gardens,
for watering the beds and walks, and deliver sbotit
as teach:water as A goottlargwitychtge. When an
alarm of fire is given, a man-seireslierone of these
and rune to the spot indicated,'with the engine on
t
his shoulder, another brings a 'littiof water, pours
it into The reservoir, and th pump away." A
characteristic anecdote is thus facetioady related
by ComModore Porter. giTh' * head of the
firkenginis end fird corepani 4 efthe tailed Steles
—...how.belfa shingle conhl ibts burnt, and the en
gines saro-the other half from the flames. They
could not understand it. Mr. EekfoO fortattately it
rived -with.his beautiful ship, havl one of our:en
gines ow hoard, requiring some wenty mew to
woik it. The Capudan Pasha beard it--" Mash
,
Allah !, let_las e see , it," eXibimed the old minii—
'Ai engine was brdaght oUsitore anti Plagealikthe
navy and ; a abort suction iwas fixed to it and ?et in. 1
tirthe lititythtinis; men Web? ]let to Work it, the navy
.
PO Intl; otoem,th.cledelcdrfted the gel', PhD= hoe
as run-dry !.. , ,,." Mash Allah" said he, " very good
;.=.batit-torill reqtaire - a Neatest,* it with water.
Ifiloitit do far as; . for, there is id' attain the - middle
of the city." They therefore have thought best to
stickle, their !quirts, and let dm..fire spread until
the wind changes, or it is fired of burning." ~
To show that it is not the firmerief - Philadelphia
&GO that' entlfivett le .reirdYStp Ire give the
following.
'!Allhough the police and otheyunualments for
r
the:arttual seppression ottimbie • t . Rotate' are
'"tit; well ascertained, Some int ' particulars
areknown. ' A body.etftremen,n ed matrietdarii,
was established whose duty it extinguish the
flames. , Similar companies we also organ zed
Ili Prckite*-Ottee- .. T* app s ~ fatia Trojan's'
reply - to-Pliny resp ective the ,fanuatioa ..of,. one in
•Nicothedia, and from which intik= that 'these
ancient firemen frequently created distuthaikeihy
MffM
NE
;;;•-: 2'
=Ea
their disisention suit turaufta
was governor of Bithynie ; after givinothp itrivieror
ah account of afire fit blieoutedii; a toinflri his
proiluce, he continues, tiVisir will consider, sir,
whether it wily net be sravliable to form'a company
of firemen, Corisliting of Oak oneltundiedliturfif;.
ty • tnerirbeis: Uoilrtithed Care none but, those of
that be4i4aess shall be admitted into it; and that the
privileges granted them -shalt- -rant be , extended to
any other, zpriogse. As M i r corporate body will, be
rersicied trr so srall a number of members, it tirill
106. 45 Y to 1 0eP: 111111.1 0e! . 1 1 4,?!
In !marvel the
. cmperor senkthe folloicing lets r.
TWA.% Puxv.—Yeaage it vinuldbe
proper trieishr*lr a company : Of firemen in Niea
media, agreeable to whatt been in-jerked, in
several other el ink, But Astro be remembered thit
societies; of this sort have greatly distinbed the Peafe
of the province in a general, and of Oiler are in
particular. Nriatever name we giiethen,"ind• for
whatever purpose they may te instituted,iliey Will
not fail to form theerseivesintoloctiou. assemblies
however short their meetiegamay be. It willthere.
fore be safer to provide auch machine! as arc of
service in extinguishing fires, enjoyning the owners
of kouses to,tuarist in preventing fir fnitteblef
,from
spreading, ;nail it ahould be permary to call in the
aid or the populace.
EXCAVATION 3 IN PODIPCIL--•
The pplit'reislides of Ili}} bas hdelytaken
attention; i - hailittio tfineluti'hee; found fbr new
isd — ctsin the-buried 'cities of-Pompeii and-Her
culaneum. Needy -eighteen-hruiricerisyears hare
elapsed since these citie4 were overwhelmed with
the burning lava from Mount Vesuvius.
, Sinceine
UV
recent discovery in Pompeii of the seven gold
coins, and more than two hundred and fifty silver
coins, together with gemmed eat-rings, necklaces
and collars, pearls, jewels, and costly rings, a
dwelling house been excavated near Jolla For-,
ulna, which stiq4csei iq richnesi and elegance all
that has been hitherto discovered. -Tfie Openyes
tibule is paved with mosaics, the walls decorated
with tasteful paintings. 'The atrium opens into the I
tablinurn - arid the recePtion-roorn, and the litter
leads into the dining-room, which is"painted With
mithclogical subjects, the size of life. 'Here were
several triclinic conches, not unlike our modern
sofas, richly ornamented with silver. The reception
room looks into a garden with a beautiful fountain,
adorned with numerous ' tuosaiesanJ a small statue.
of Silenus, the basin is, surrounded with the most
exquisite sculptures in matiile• ;?,
Adjoining thedvrellingis anotber„ptrinqh whcire
the servants lived. , There was >z foor T weeled car
riage, with iron wheels and many bronze ornaments
and utensils of bronze, and the tracks of smoke aro
visitle in many place, after the lapse of eighteen
centuries. The apartmeni of the dwelling house am
mined numerous elegant utensils of gold and silver,
vases, candelabra, bronze coins, several cases of
surgical instrument•, tk.C. What is very rare in, that
there is a second aad third' story which am ascen
ded by a wide flight of stairs. On a small painting
near the staircase is the name and rank of the ow.
her, hisearcely legible characters ; and from which
it appeans that he was one of the Decurli or Senators
from Pompeii. All the walls and the kerns are
ornamented frith condc and tra;gio palotinp, in - te
of which represents a flageolet. Hence the Iroise
has received the name of ►"cassa. dell &vole üb.
briaco," This is the most recent excavation in
porcii*ii.
A Statue CuLtioc..—Thri villages of Servta
stretch far up iato the gorges of the mountains, in
the valleys formed brthe rivers and and streams,
or into the depths of the forest. Sometimes, *hen
consisting of toffy or fief hem*, they spread ov er
s
(L
a space as extensive S Mat occupied by VieortaAnd
absurbs. The dwellings are isolated, at arlistance
one from another, and each contains within oaf a
separate community. a The real howei is a room
enclosed by loam walls, and covered WWI the4 s dry
bark of the lime, having the earth in the centre.—
Around this room chambers areconsuneted—Clijet
or Wajat-.often fitted up with polished boat,
bat witheat any fireplaces. The ostensibly belcmga•
to the hither and molter of the fainily, to whose
use a separate tdeepiWkrooto is sometimes *pm.
plated. The Chambers' are for the rim, g
*pie. /011ie itietoOnt etirliti ti Ois'
hut one household ; they work and eat trgether,
and in the winter evening assemble armada, fire.
Even when the , beet- 561 his sons,appointingon - e
of their brothers, the peg qualified sitioic t retheikes
master of the house i (Srargeshina,) retst*ed „to
gether until to great an increase ofthe bunny tenders
a separation desirable. It Is not usual for one brie ;
teform - in 894*. ' The hertiehold - reqekres
bptlittle assisumce.from strangers. -The Pee wairm
their eiee buildings ;1 constoxt r in their. rude man
ner, their plows and wagons ; prepaye the yokeraf
their . ' l ° l °o l o sen4noillteir . e4r . i k .fro l `o, l slo..vr
their shoes from Much „leather. ,Thou flollthrr,is
prepared bythe-4meti i who apin -wool and lax,•
weave linen and 'Woolen cloth, and• nadentand the.
art of dyeing L with madder. Their bui l ds yitild d lha
food they require; stltatsalt is, Pertfam.the .9 1 4.
article they fi nd it neeamt— ry;to pa ter The' use-'
&tokamak by thervillages are snide,'
to make their took knglmolorigs toirtirnalhou
arm conjointly, and riach house has its rlaysSentin
it. These family liOnselrokk suPPIYINI A. Olt
own wants, and shut. up each within itself , a state
of things which wor continned-Imder the -Turks,
bill:nose the taxes Wen) chiefly levied nia?n" the
households, formed the bails of Sersian nationality.
—Runie's History tyr Savii . • -
A Sinn of tug Batmirrosa.—A Idr.
who wah a minis* 011ie Barony Church in 014.,
gow, during the vri., twhich - thiatuld.ethal:
maintained ilgaintst the insatiable Mobilicatoftouis
XIV., in the part of his prayer which related to pub-,
• -
.used to heseech thtit..t qq haw tty
of France might beithekes over thamouthatfithei
inframillegions ; " kborlooril tetee *. edatfi 4 tho
worthy man, " dtruta /rt him fa' id."'
Eli
MEI
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--
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~e,114- • ''c' ?''',4::',A
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-z• * -
St 't
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~~ i ~~FK r~~~~~~
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;
". 1 1 3 A0 l a A tn — O ere reiln.Y.-giro Et
beforoell as W.e-4131 1 1k .111" rought 14 '4 1 e_ of es"ule ncu
of morweelessintrimie-value, parsond by.es
with morn ytestref Orinsestness and, enerollieet
ding:nlelMmiennOrnmAeharAcT; < NO!, ofihese
when obrainerlorehreousiderablybekettlawrOiers
and semi itifralistippointed us wholly; either be-
F ame th Fit e VY- OthOg worth •
and r fa withont attention 4 tittt, moral
chemisiry necessny for the perfection and pres
ervation of theriatin:; they'hirrito`ddst and ashes, _
jest Allnarreiihi .to ad the: tigajnds44...kir all
the sorrows riflife; Of alLsoch , blessings sought ;
anavvibrit„l73onTa.,l79o, "IVY
vameres,-wneylts lust cuaraihaurasseg over and
fadcd from the atetWietan l igiii'rnere personal
beitsal3r4 where.thnre.ts no intellect, no
.. heart,:no
11 " 140 " li nttelnflrs-no cheering gaiety of. spirit,
no Outline lalent,not-precious.moral, worth, tis en
ekimarad,preserveit,from wearying the scene, and
palling theelleetion. The bletdmessof disappehtt
mentwhieb-followslhe extinction of 'its polYet , in
little learthanirennendous This is exp,eriencod
oftattOadlroten, when- ..-burst of olgenuinepseste
'ion tas been legottrnagenoagh lacresde by.iliftx•
aggennian oUhrvit alkbatis scanting,to -brake: thp
bententas itleallerfeet ; but still more steel; doss
distal** folkterthaevineseentpleasure of gazing on
edratisladr heangfirlochen adniinniottime4saft
airoplrndarinniorrottithludeor stermattne D@ pas
sionsi VD:
. _
A Q04,4t,J,r.. 7 —1i isalwaysagoal rule to follow,
to stoppo , pth,..to speak no word, to commit no act s ,
when consaience,appears to 'whisper-Beware.—.
I',oll,l44:lAetigiyait...a twelvemonth, and learn ; your
duty, thanlakte . f,l hasty Sep- and bring tears of,re r
patience to a Aiini dey, How • many_a lost .man
mighthece perp saved, had he lisenettio en in
‘l.4 FIPTAIX9rI resisted tbe. drat inclination to
deviate, from the holy path of 'rectitude,. See far
before yeti , and op either side, th e ;monad whitened
.
With the . ,hones_And . sinews of millions who harp
perished 4oltly,itt the 'march . Ate. :They
resiet
tal the truth and feir. They trusted -to thernselies
and sunk at the onset, , Take warning by them.—
eood hones lice, earl breathe, and
,rpeak,
hoW,earnestly Would dry appeal toloo, as it Wen,
to puVie a vift,upsts.cpurse, that yotlr , entl rui,*he
.19.Pus-1ika,P4.4141*
Eastern
14trid'ifays;-! , bWtwo angels, one upon his'f*ht
shihildefitiebit'n ripenhis Taft. Whenthe &pis
atiptfimi gbrid angetorithe , right shoulderWillett
it down 'and . sad' ; beearuie what iS'orien"doife
is drinft`fcit ever, When he does evil, the drtgel lact.
on titi - left ..stialder - writes it down, but does not
Attie it, He - waits until midniett. if befOre~that
limo thewurn biiws 'down his head, and'exeloinis.
't Gracious Alluti !—T have sinned !--forgitii MO'
the'angul nib; it oat ; but if not, at inidnialit he
seals it; :and the angel upon the right shoulder
weeps. ».
-- Logan ma Billingten the Queen of
English singers, came one night to Drury Lane
Theatre to perform Mandane in Artaxerxes, so
hoarse Ili to render it a question - as to whether it
would tie possible for he, r . to appear- - befiak4e au
dience: To odd to her perplexity, her maid bad
mrsitaid heritey of her jewel bus, but perm. s: tell that
hei mitireia must hive' got it - will Cher - ' 4 What
can r4vii done Whh it," said Me syreni twap
pose I - inn:4'l4,s swallowed it with'ent 'knowing
it." a Andist Incl 4 trxi,'' Said "lrearitstri,
"it may pe r haps serve to open your chest."
istkaltione.-T-Thettt, ilk iteal " kn r 1141413.
ttPresperity-galas friends,lst adversity nralhom."
The friandsarho have been. attracted..hy pro perity
almost invariably fall away on:thesppolach otud
"nit/ tot-whOte friendship is PgrerdisitgefitstP4
and irouded,ohgerrame esSeelar. l *lker o ,
bring hoot /11010 prominently than weer., Lilt!, the,
rainbow, true ftieutiship3s btightm4 iskAo
-
'rue Helotiog finaav,--The velvet moss wiltgOve ,
, npaa tlxe Ater* , rock, thk,ntialetoe.flonTisi ern
thorlng.: lerealrntiichi,the hY Cling Ore m o ulders
log ruin .Ibo Pirreiertteodro: remolo*r 44ke
kereem414. :the etetati**thq 4 , Ti n gotr 4 ql
LienYeP -Wgraised in, ,, ,,,Reen,somethl 4,
Agnin tlfokroAr and grateful to rhsl9 o l, -- . 4 4 ' F!*
Azoldekend darkest hour of fore, * ,t l l l twine ho tort
'Anlanennastheerangormg.eitara and, irkett'areh
ea gf iho,glesobOxipples of the heman heart!,
44. " iity head ) " exclaimed - aontesk
Trek', " If every wool of this storytint4 velaled
i(1 , 7r4k., I !LccPPt ll !e°ife!*-37 *ail" )
Rf-s - 44,,Put,;. "AePPII4Af _
111,11 r,
ihe.lxl+
- _
• Cemearnsotrailgrhe winerefStatgardateicunotts
far thitifballetkatiti ;panties: Theta ia s' pm.
vitibildlayingif bee of the !wrest of telatit
that the heels dire s cat. Ong-taint 'your Snail
aiid`thvidher; therm:no est being dawn backaglia
by the tail
-,,,Tar..,ehain of lore is glade of fading ffifeTetymn
40 of ifielkwk of 80141-41 U. w 9 10 , • 1)+0, 0-
-I"
MI
OM
Wii reltuttots.-Alie Altoi0T11.) TOlogeTh
ittithllthot the *host eittir in Madison and .the ad.
joining' cooties, look , ethentell well, and-holds
oit lickintilaitti r io the farmer; - Similarlntel&
igettaiiis horn all pads of Missouri and H.
laoL ,
„Ito:iota” the CO= mai; has Prehase4Aves
sel4nowhiob :a malts f a nip around the legt l—
Pe/Coloero MI& •thinY hOtro, on
bctiqij , T- ThevoiniftnY,Will limit the Ptic.o24.5 4111 "
inen44:citios of.hoVote.,_ •
rdirtetilia j distinrtiud' ted teaeher, veld President
Witi;ellige; Mend geniitsto be the rewerof malt
ing efforts.
OM
1. , ....? ,r 1 11.
MIME
ENO
ME