Vrittsfoo tpatlgt.
Tewuda, Wednesday, March 151,1848.
Direct 'Pa:altos.
The Pultliciedger,.of Philadelphia, one of the
setfridesd cortinietteial and financial Olsen in the
United Sates holds the following views in relation
to Mr. Wilinces proporition'to levy a Direct tax on
personal property, stocks and money at interest, to,
defray the extraordinary expenditures of the present
war:
c s .
1 its AtotsET Mantes.—" The que4irin of direct
taxation as a means of raising revenues' for the go
vernment, is gradually gaining upotf the prejudices
of the community. So lately as three yearn ago,
we doubt whether a member of Congreja, could
have been found of autficient nerve to rise in his
place and impose even the consideration of the sub.
jet-4. A member from Pennsylvania, the Hon. Da
vid Wilmot, a few days since, not only asked the
consideration of thiiiquestion, but had 93 votes with
him, to 29 against his proposition. Mr. •'W.'s
lion was to instruct thb Committee of Ways and
Means to inquire into the _expediency of reporting
a bill raising annually, during the coiitinuanCe of
the War with Mexico. and until the payMent of the
public •debt, the gam ?if five millions of dollars, to
he- amefsotl on personal property, stocks, and mo
ney at interest, and apportioned among , the several
States, as provided by the constitution. And al
though the sense of the House was subsequently
ascertained to be against the expediency of well a
measure at this time, the fact thatit was deliber
ately considered by so large a vote, shows a great
change in public sentiment on this important que.s
tioa Mach may be urged in favor of Mr. Wilmot's
proposition. No just administration of the govern
ment will postpone to the future a burden which
can be brime now. The future may have its own
exigencies and wants, far more urgent than the
present ones, and it is wise, as well as honest, to
leave the resources of the next enemtiewae little
involved and exhausted as possible.• The Oublic
faith is pledged and must be redeemed; heavy
debts, legitimately contracted, the amount of which
grows while we are looking at them, and must be
paid,..lt is, therefore, but right and proper that
vrhoir rises in Congress to propose any addition
to thee Public debt, any use of public credit to ob
tain money for pie ppblic wants, will accompany it
with a plan for immediate or early payment. The
honest, straight-forward policy of accompanying
a proposal to mike a debt with the proposal of a
tax to pay it, is what the public have a right to
expect." • •
' Vines Convention.
The Convention which met at Utica, was nutner'-
onsly attended, every county in the State, bet four'
being represented. It is spoken of as comprising
an 'able body of men, and its proceedings were tran
awns% in a calm, dignified, and temperate but most
firm d decided mariner.
e Convention expressed no preference for a
candidate for the Presidency, but appointed De
legates to the National Convention, uninstructed.—
The Address, written by John Van Buren, is an
able and interesting paper. The resolutions are
spirited and dear. They both put forth dearly and
'distinctly the great principles of the democratic par
ty, and showthat upon the subject of slavery, we
stand where we have always stood--that we have
adopted no new creed, lint simply speak the lon
g:tap, and hold the opinions of Wriishington, er
son, and all the fathers of the republic,
and that we are not to be driven from chose opin
ions, or the privilege of expressing them.
-The delegates who were sent to Baltimore are
men who know their duty and their rights, and
have the courage to perform the one and main
tain the other. .
The following resolutions, in regard to Free Soil,
are amongst those passed by the Convention:
Rrwilved, That while the democracy of New
York, represented in this convention, will faithfully
adhere to all the compromises of the constitution,
and maintain all the reserved rights of the States,
they declare—since the crisis has arrived when that
question must be met—their utteornpmrnising hos
tility to the extension of slavery into territory now
tree, which may be hereafter acquired by any ac
tion of the government of the United Staten.
Whereas, The President of the United States, in
his last: annual message, has recommended the es
tablishment by Congress, of territorial government,
ever the conquered Mexican provinces of New
Mexico, and the, Californias; and the retention
thereof as an indemnity, in which said, territories,
the institution of slavery does not now exist.—
Therefore—
Resolved, That our Senators and Representatives
in Congress be ;requested to use their best efforts to
iesert into any act or ordinance, establishing any
and all such provisional or territorial government
or govemmenta, a fundamental article, or provision
which shall provide, declare, and guarantee that
slavery or involuntary servitude, except as a pun
ishment for crimes; whereof the party shall have
peon first dilly convicted, shall be prohibited there
ilk so long as the same shall remain a territory.
Beresigh Tau
A Law has been passed by botlf lwanChes of the
Legislature authorizing the commissioners of this
county to add to the messes outs upon the Borough
of Towanda, the sum of Five Hundred dollars an
nually for theterm of ten years, making in this ag
gregate the sum 0f . 113,000-; to aid in defraying-the
cvmenses of erecting a new Colin &arse. The
Bill is in the hands of the Governor awaiting his
signature, and news bas been received here that
his Excellency entertains doubts um its Coned*.
timidity, and will probably return it to the Honie
in Which it originated, with his objections. We
hope this is not so. We hope the provisions of the
Rut will nabs hazed to conflict with the comfit*.
rim was passed in accordance iirith the wishes
of the pitcyle of - this Borough, and in punitance of
a pledge in writing from 19arga portion o f t h e tax
payers that that amount should be raised by the d.
rizens.of the Borough towards the new badding.,—
lf.,howevei, a law cannot conatitutionally be pas.
redimposing the amount by levying a tax, we sin
cerely hope ont Borough sothetifies will, at once,
adapt sects t cares as will secure the payment o
the money. ' h is eight and jaw in sty seam, and
**
none coesult'Ore trtie interests the Borough
will.object tut a fectuetit;.
Several Deinc . cratra papere in Veer:lia aril L aaVO
wily th e rellevtion of A. Pun.
Dist& et Jolla %sissy Againa.
• Thje voel" , lirsagFi l om sad Pitttia war
endattnly In* with littralysii whte in *Malik
The *um of tispinseritat#loll #oa*4l`72tst_
tilt, Winch tetrOunedjkli EalMe*Wft - tirievanini
et (1 1 443 d. The psi* scene Aid' awned id
the Howe It the mount of r A.'S attack in well
described by the Editor of the National Meager
ter wbo witnessed it;
ME
Jost after the year and nays were taken on a
question,'aud the Speaker had risen to put another
question to the House. a sudden cry was beard on
the left of the chair, "Mr. Arians isilying I" Turn
ing our eyes to the spot, we beheld the
. venerable
man in the act of falhag user the,left arm Of his .
chair. while his right arm was eilended. gra/nag
his desk for support. He would lave dropped upon
the floor had he not been caught in the arms of the
member sluing nextliza. A great sensation was
created in the House--timbers front all quarters
rushing from their seats and gathering round the
fallen statesman, who was immediately lifted into
the area in front of the Clerk's table.. The Speaker
instantly suggested that some gentleman move an
adjournment, which being promptly done, the House
adjourned. A sofa was brought, and Mr. A...in a
slate of perfect helplessness, though not of entire
insensibility, Vas gently laid uplin it. The sofa wag
then taken up and borne one of the Hall into the
Rotondo, where it was set down, and the members
of both Houses and strangers who were fast crowd
ing around were with some difficulty repressed and
an open space cleared in its immediate vicinity; but
a medical gentleman, a member of the House,(who
was prompt, active, and self-possessed throughout
the whole painful scene,) advised that he be remov
ed to the door of -the Rotunda opening on the east
portico. where a fresh wind was blowing. This
was..done ; but the air being chilly and loaded with
vapor the sofa was, at the suggestion of Mr. Win
throp,-once more taken up and removed to the
Speaker's apartment the doors ofwhich wereforth
with closed to all but professional gentlemen sever
al of whom arrived in succession as the news spread
into the city. 'While lying in this apartment Mr.
A. partially recovered the use of his speech, and ob
served. in faltering accents, "This is the end of
earth:" but quickly added, "I am composed." Mem
bers bad by this time reached Mr. A.'s abode with
the melancholy intelligence. and. soon after, Mrs.
Adams and his nephew and niece arrived and made
their way to the appalling scene. Mrs. A. was deep
ly affected. and for some moments quite prostrate
by - the sight of her hnsband,nbw insensible, the pal
lor of death upon his countenance, and those sad
premonitories fast making their appearance which
fall with-such a chill upon the heart.
In the Hall, meanwhile, a gloomy pause occured
in the usual hum of voices that fills it. Some mem-.
ben sat in mote suspense; others stood in groups
and made or answered inquiries as to the cause
and probable issue of the attack ; others hastened
towards the Speaker's room to get the latest igkelli
Bence of the' sufierers condition ; while many were
busily engaged in writing to their friends at home
the alayming news. A remark yery frequently
heard was. "Well this is just what Mr. A. could
hare wished; it is an appropriate ending of his
public career;-he falls like a-second Chatham, in
Senate House."
Mr. Adinis, though for sometime very feeble,
was, when he entered the hall in the morning, in his
usual health. and had but a few minutes before
delivered his vote on a motion before the House.—
in an annually distinct and emphatic manner. The
attack •as believed, at first to have been a fit ; but
this idea soon gave place to the appaling conviction
that it was a recurrence of paralysis, which has
twice before affected Mr. A. though in a milder de
gree. Very alight hopes are entertained of his reco
vering. Mr. A. attained his eightieth year in July
last.
The Washington. Union, of the. 23d in remark
ing upon the death Mr. A., says:
He breathed his last, in the Speaker's room of the
House of Representatives, at twenty minutes past
seven o'clock this evening. The manner and cir
cumstances of the death of this illustrious and ven
erable patriot and statesman, form the close of a life
devoted even from early boyhood to the service of
his country. His public career commenced in
1781, when he was but fifteen years of age. At that
time he acted ps secretary to one of the American
legations. Since then—during a period of sixty.
seven years—he has been constantly, almost with
out a single interval, in public official stations.
Mr. Adams was born nn July 11th, 1767. Thus
he died in the 81st year of h to: age after fillings large
space in the eyes of his countrymen. He has died
amid the universal sympathy of commutfity.
Mr. Wilmot's Mtptimattoca.
We refer the especial attention of our readers to
the " Personal Explanation" given by Mr. Wilmot,
commencing on our first pare. As this explana
tion has been made the !subject of much animad
version, and different versions given by his ene
mies, altered and tortured, for the purpose of creat
ing prejudices against him, we hope none will
fail to peruse this authentic copy with candor and
'care. Read, then judge.
At a meeting of the Democratic Conferees of
Bradford and Tioga, held at the house of Col. James
Kimball, in WeUsborough, Ulysses Mercur, Esq.,
of' Bradford County, was unanimously elected Sen
atorial Delegate to the . 4th of March Convention,
with power to appoint a substtiute in case ofhia ina
bility to attend. • .
Mr. Mercur being unable to attend the Conven
tion, by reason of the severe illness of his brother,
has appointed the Editor of this paper his sub.
stitute.
Tut FAS.3IIOZET TRIALThiIS great farce is, at
length brought to a close. Cot. FREMONT has been
found guilty of the charges lipreferreci before the
Coon Marti4, - bf mutiny, disipedience of orders,
and conduct unbecoming an officer. The Court
decreed dismitisai from services, the lesser penalty
of the law, bufrecoramended him to the lenity of
the President by a vibe orseven to six. The Pre
sident dissented from the Court on the charge of
mutiny, but tiOroved the finding on the other two.
He then remitttil the sentence, and ordered him
to dutk_ It is said Col. Fremont has resigned his
commission..
o The New York Globe has received a tele.
graphic despatch from Washington which says it is
rumored that the principle of the Wilmot Proviso
is insetted in the treaty now in Washington. If it
is, it will not receive twathirds of the Senate to
support it. The fretsterritoty principle can get a
majority vote in the Senate, but not two-thirds, we
fur. Get the territory without the Proviso, as we
cannot get it with it, and then we will take care
6t freedom is preserved.
The No-Party patty in . Pennsylvania - recently
held their Sate Convention, and formed an Electo
ral Ticket. The . Senatorial Delegates are Hon.
C. Bucher, of Dolphin, Hon. William Shaler, of
Allegheny. The Representative Delegates are oleo
agreed upon, among wham are Thoeme D. Grover,
of the Fula District, John K. Mitchell, of the Sec
ond, James Peters of the Third, Henry W. Smith
of the Berke District; Judge Kidder, of *elan=
Districyudge Bunoside,of the Centre Dtstiim, Tho.
C. Miller, of the; CumberlandDiscrjat i 11
. 1 •C •
Mai Itoucay., , -7101 auk ketweeu '
this Plate
and rataa,in W,Y,0P411 couPth ilia robed, by,
the clairiPF) oPediYlblat Week of 6200 1 , 11 4muillit=
niediktelitlibteted and As money cujoreil r . He
now in the Wyomittg county jail.
Senatorial Delegate.
Datoca.wric Vicroay.--Ssinms. A. Barron, De
motrat,4 Lelikh runty, has detested J ms
Tau* the ` ed candidate for C I ..
the diatthit..ceikirseatif Bucks and
_Diedglai i
fies.lll4 a majority of over 0110 in
Bitt igt'd of in Obigh county. Vim siictlosi
watt olden edueSday, to fdl the viitatkcfpunts,
ed by. the death of Joao W. Holassat. • The war
issue was distinctly the question presented to the
people of the ilistriti, and their Tot/Shows that they
approve of it and the course of the National admin
istration. The poll was light—but the 'victory is a
glorious one.
Kr Our readeriv are undoulaklly expecting to
find the proceedings of the late Buchanan meeting,
in this weeks Reporter. We evpected so too. But,
it seems we are all doomed to airappomtmetit
We cannot give them kir the reason, that they have
not been furnished us.
A Direct Tai.
We are greatly surprised at the tone of reproba
tion in • which a portion of the Democratic press
speak of the proposition to levy a direct tax to meet
the extraordinary expenditures of the Government,
in carrying on the present war. Nothing is more
true than that the ordinary revenues of the govern
ment have hitherto fallen far short of defraying the
expenses of the war, and that a national debt of no
trivial amount has reen fastened upon us. And we
Arita we may rely with equal certainty upon the
fact, that this extraordinary expenditure will be ne
cessary for some years to come; and that as a con
sequence it will be some years before the income
ot the government from present sources of revenue
will be sufficient to supply the wants of the Trea
sury. For even if we shoold succeed in making a
permanent peace with Mexico—which is extreme
ly problematical—we cannot immediately retrench
our expenditures within the limits recognized pre
vious to the commencement of this war, and with
in the estimated amount for which provision bad
4:peen made from established sources of revenue.—
In the event of peace we shall still be under the
necessity of supporting a large military establish
ment upon our south-western frontier, and in the
provinces we may acquire • nor can we hope to
obtain from Mexico either through the medium of
forced contribctions,
-or treaty stipulations for re
muneration, or by thesale of her unoccupied lands,
—for some years at least.—a revenue sufficient to
pay off the debt already incurred and meet the un
usual drain upon the Treasury.
Shall we then continue the present system of
loaning money and issuing Treasury Notes, from
time to time, as the wants of the Treasury require,
and thus stave off for the present the payment of
the continually augmenting debt, that it may fall
'with crushing *eight upon posterity t Surely eve
ry true democrat will oppose so unjust a policy as
this. A national debt is as obnoxious now as it ev
er was to the instincts of Democracy and the best
interests of the people.
There is yet another course we may take which,
to our mind, is till more objectionable. We allude
to an increase of duties upon importations. This is
the very last resource to which a democratic ad
ministration should resort. The mass of the party
will never consent to undo the great and good work
they have done in softening down the rigor and in
justice of former Tariff laws. The mass of the peo
ple will never relinquish the high hope of soon see
ing commercial intercourse between the nations of
the earth freed from all unjust restrictions, and they
beneficent principles of Free Trade' recognized by
all civilized nations. " Revolutions," like that of-• '
fected by the Tariff Act ot '46, "never go back-'
wards," add even a professed friend may not l,
at
temptto arrest their progress with impunity.
There is but one other measure to which the go
vernment can resort, namely, direct taxation; and
in favor of that measure we boldly and uncom
promisingly take our stand. This measure recom
mends itself to us as truly democratic, truly politic,
and truly inst. It is the only correct and uniform
mode of raising revenue for the supped of govern:
ment; and it should be the policy of dm democrat.
is party to introduce a system so equitable and just,
at the earliest moment -that the necessities of the
Treasury require it. We shall thus demonstrate
that we have an abiding condence in the justice of
the war, and in the patriotism and intelligence of
the people. We shall thus relieve ourselves and
posterity from the odium and presure of a national
debt, and from the merciless avarice of stock-job
bers and monepehangers. We shall thus throw
the burden of taxation necessary to the prosecution
of the war, upon every citizen in proportion to his
wealth and ability to par, and pave the way for
the adoption, at the earliest practicable - moment, of
a revenue system stnetly based upon the immuta
ble and beneficentprinciples of Free Trade.—
Wayne County Hera4d.
Wyoming Co. Democratic Meeneg.
At a Democratic Meeting held at the Court
House, in Tunkhannock, on the evening of the 19th
inst., in pursuanse of notice given in the Wyoming
Patrol.
On motion, POWERS W. Rcar•rEwi was chosen
President; and Perry Marry, J. Baldavio, Joseph
Stephens and James Kelly, Vice Presidents; and
Charles Koon and H. W. Evans, Secretaries. ,
The'meting being organized the following Pre
amble one Resolutions were offered, and on mo.
tion. unanimously adopted :
Whereas, it has heretofore been the usage of the
Democratic Party of this County to send its Dele
gates to the 4th of March Convention without in
structions ; which trage was established by the re
fusal of the Hon. Wm. S. Jayne to receive instruc
tions from the County Bouvention, and by the re.
fusel of S. S.. Winchester. Esq., to receive instruc
tions from a . l3remocratic County 'Meeting, and by
the concurrence of the Convention and Meeting
in such.refusals, and whereas. our present Delegate
asks that the same courtesy be extended to.him.r--
Therefore, • ;
Resolved) That we deem it inexpedient to give
oar. Delegate to the 4th of March Convention any
instructions irelative to the course eo be pursued by
him. ' I
Resolved, That MARTIN VAN BUREN is our
first choice thr President of the United States, and
that as between the ether prominent Democratic
candidates (tithe North, (Buchanan excepted,) we
make 'no distinctions, preferring any of them to
Buchanan, to whom we are utterly opposed.
Resolved, That we are in favor of the system of
direct taxation proposed by the Hon. David Wilmot,
and that in the opinion alibis meeting, the oplaxsi
lion to that stemleman among northern men, - -has
arisen from jealousy and an over tveenitig inclina
tion
k
to cater t the South for porpseteof self promo
tion
and
.. dizentent, and not km anything
really o.
. .
able the principles he to ably ad
vocate.
Resolved, That the proceedings of this meetinS
be published in the Wilkesbarre Farmer," and
not in the 4 / Wyoming Patrol," for the reason that
the Editor of the last named paper always au&
Imes, misrepresents and. akers the proceedings of
ere ti meeting handed to him for publication, if
there is anything therein that does not coincide with
his peculiar notions. •+=
[Signed byte Officers.)
SE
Cinema Coustrullses NOTtS Di
rectors of chester County Bank last week burn
ed, we understand, 15520,000 of their old issue of
bank-notes, a large portion of which had been re
deemed since the late robbery. The honest por
tion of the old issue now out, hue beau reduced so
low, that the 'beak robbers will not profit react
front
' their - ill gotten booty. The public should
keep a strict Irma 'Mt the persons offering these
6 •
letter fmm St. Petersbutg, of the 3d
of ]in.; represents the *Onto being much Ines
ni i udZitthisitiiiiiinlB3l, - ad . beeoming
w
in.itssuseks es it advenceit sotthimods
) 41,1 11 ).15APOriek geten.burgi and.,:.€ l llq.M .
pafation war made to ineetits
Tre 41k isfiltErek Couvestkm.
Aigg!..ol , ranzaturars, PI '
~ re•
3. 4
irnils N.4*/* . . 21,1 1
oi• i ..i. -1 lisp
'be ---' stinsatisitfillitem giamPV ll3 o l d
je, Wet they rolicliii* ftfittel=r a ri . ko
the 14 • o ft men . -utiles ' ,
~.; dsp.
N 4 6 ,01 Clrintion, esditthelanSitof &lei-.
gates of that oral congressional .district, whose
right it is , rding to the usages ofthe patty, to
nanwthell4 and'givs4 to &wiled eagarailtelt;' ' 1
That a majority of our State Convention, or any 1
0 portion, ofthe friends of any candidate,
wil attempt or countenance such a daring and on-
Authorized outrage upon the past usages of this Re
publican party of this State, ire, do not believe until
We seethiffacti." , Weintire yet 'to mitt with the
first Deniociat in this county who would sanction
a step : of,thia...cliatecter, and feel Amofidentrilint
every del eg ate from this county will go splint it
if attempted. '
The course heretofore pursued and recognized as
the settled rule - of the party, is—that the delegates
in the State Convention,•for each congressional dis
trim neein the man Who shall represent that district in
die National Convention ; the delegatestlirui selected
together with the two Senatorial delegates who are
electOd by a vote of the convention to give written
pledges to conform to the instructions adopted by
the Senate Convention. More thin this, the friends
of any Presidential candidate, have no 'right to re.
quire ; and this, the opponent of any Presidential
candidate have no right to withhold.
• Will the majority of the approaching State Con
vention venture to attempt to agross violation of the
settled custom of the party, on this subject? Cer
tainly not. There may be a few—we should hope
and think but few. very few—who would be suffi
ciently reckless of good faith, and the integrity of
the party; to favor the project ; but Democrats those
who honestly and sincerely desire to maintain un
ion and harmony in the Democratic family of
Pennsylvania—will not sanction it, or lend them
selves to its perpetration.
Let us suppose it attempted; that the attempt
be successful ; that men are selected and appointed
delmates for the several Congressional districts who
do not meet the approbation of the delegates, in
State Convention, from those districts. What would
be thp consequences, Why, the delegates of the
districts whose rights were thus outraged, wanld at
once protest against the unauthorized proceeding.
Withdraw from the Convention, select delegates to
the - National Convention, according to the past usa
ge of the party, and thus we shopld have a double
set of delegates to the National Convention,. from
many of the districts, and the entire party, ni the
State thrown into estate of dliarnan,, utation, which
would be the precusor of certain defeat at the Oils.
It may be said that a step of this kintiz—or rather
an outrage of this character—could not be effected
but by the consent and approbation of a majority of
he State Convention ; and that it is the right el that
majority to rule. True; but it must be hornein mind
that the power of the majority of this convention,
like that of proceeding conventidas, is limited by
the usages and rules of the party. That majority
will have a right to adopt an Address and resolu
tions oft all the important questions of the day,--to
declare who is the first choice of the Democracy of
' Pennsylvania for the Presidency, and to instruct
the delegates to the National Convention in favor
of such choice.—to elect Senatorial Electors. et.c.,
&c.; but they will have no right to do anything
which violates the known and established tanes
of the party.
It will be seen by those who properly consider
this subjett, that usage as established and practised
by the party, successfully carries into effect the
wishes of the majority of the party in the State, as
to the Presidency, by means of the instructions
which a majority of the State Conventions shall
adopt, mid which all the delegates are required to
pledge themselves to obey,—and at the same time
consults and conciliate the majority of the party in
the several Congressional districts, as to the men
they prefer fo represent them in the National Con
vention. So admirably'does this long tried usage
or rule work, and so conciliatin "
~ and harmonizing
is it in its operations, that, we shbuld be strongly
inclined to suspect the purity or motive of any man
professing to be a democrat, who would advocate
or recommend its sudden violation or abandoment
without the previous action of a State Convention
called for the expressed purpose of considefing the
policy laud propriety of such a step.
So well established is this right of each Congress
ional district, to name its own man for delegate to
the National Covention, subject to the instrucions
imposed by the State Convention, that the Dem
ents in some districts have, at their regnl'ar coun
gales, selected the man and instructed their dele
gates to report him to the State Convention. The
democrats of Chester county did so in 1844 ; they
had a right to Jo eo ; they might have done so tit
their recent Convention, but did not.
What we have said in relation to Congressional or
representative dele gates to the National Convention
is entirely applicable 'to the selection of repre
sentative electors. IS is the right of the delegates
from each congressiobal district, to name the elect
or that district,—subject to a pledge to be giverr
by him to vote in the electoral college for the nom
inees of the democratic national convention, for
President and Vice President.
In conclusion, on this subject, our views of the
right of the delegates of Congressional districts, in
the selection of representative electors and repte
sentative delegates to a National Convention, place
upon an equality with the right of the executive under
the State Constitution, to select Judges. The right
of the delegates of each Congressional district, to
nominate their electdr and delegate td the national
convention, is as clearly secured to them by the
usages of the democratic rainy of this State, as is
the right of the executive to nominate Judges, se
cured to him by our State constitution.
We have made these remarks because we consid
er them due to the democratic usage, and to the
integrity and harmony of the democratic party of
Penesylvania.—ilmeruun jeep.
The Treity.
[Erma t Public Ledger—by Telegraph
NV asnmarox, Feb. 25.
The Treaty will be confirmed beyond a doubt.
There are some stickler's to forms who are still op.
posed to it. but it is now ascertained that fitment.
Calhoun, Yulee and Hunter will vote for it. The
President, though approving of the treaty has re
commended that certain obnoxious features of it be
amended, and this will be done. The objectiona.
be legates consist in the securing of eertaid British
interests in Texas and California, in the shape of
Emprewario grants of land. The amended treaty
will be sent back by one or more commissioners,
but whether the Mexicans will accept such an
amended treaty is quite another question.
The capitol has been thronged by thousands to
day, to view the body of Mr. A., which has been
laid out in state A splentlid coffin has been pre.
pared to enclose the remains of this venerable pat.
not sad sage., the assets ations of all kinds are
holding meetings foe the purpose of joining the fu.
neral. The preparations making are the absorbing
topics of conversation.
The Kentucky Whig Convention have nominated
Mr. Crittenden ea the candidate for Goren).
or. and Mr. John S. Hera for Lieutenant Governor
The Convention appointed delegatesto the Whig
Natio,' Convention with directions to euppott the
claims - of General Taylor for the Presidency. The
Taylor Convention has made the same nomination.
Mr. Anat't Dart - R.—When this venerable man
was stricken down oa Tnerdarlast and it was
known that he could not recover, there seemed a
general melantholy wished that .he might die on
Washington's birth, day as his rrruza and /mu
tton bad died on the 4th July. He lingered bow
ever until the 23d; bat as tins date is new style, he
expired oil the anniversary of Washington's birth
which- Was the 11th Febnary old style which brings
the anniversary correctly on the 23 adding the
twelve days For new style.
,
E5t40 . 14114.w intends, it is now said to visit'
Rutile tefere iireeeetlirtg of America.
TS* Iloa. , d Wilmot sulditimi kite
,
omp#
r i
1 ):,!1 - i' — i:-LI ---
1 4 . q 1 4
40 . naiwoifadi:la read the .
David IfilmoOotifiol in this 3 0 'KA
,oriptpakmm* *9 ortional matterin tp to
pillitiontOf bo th lc wawa and . • - -
kuil of aianieiana octane in a- 'rept
er,- es it does the lee ' and , . ":-
‘eilMe Indicant
of tho South in reference- to their system of aia
tion. i
'' That bfr. rdchie — tißonthetti iitilllbstkeirlifie
Southern Administration, and supported by patron
age almost princely; should use the influence of
his station, and the power of his press to put down
Northern men, and Northern opinions as in this in
stance, is not, strange ., He hes labored in this vo
dationetver since,helelk Richitiond. He fled from
that Slavery Capitol a bankrupt, and took up his
ehode where hiremdeneetkrelftde - neareethe
people's tree:sum., In one short year be became
fat and insolent. A .
(It is said be cleared 15449,009 in
a single job.) A democratic Con g er tea from
him= e Government priming by it 7.Norrberweeta.
This Anti-doagii-face-ism exarqlerated him, and he
has ec.,Schenied" # ever since against the . North.
While Texas Arrneiation (with two or three gm
Stales) was pending in Congr ess , be declared au
40r/hotly for the it , whole o Oregon t" as woonti.
ter balance. Teus was annexed hy Northern votes,
and then where, was this Champion of the “ whole
of Oregon!" His thermometric zeal which had
stood at 54 40 until Texas was secured, now fell to
49, and would have fallen to zero if Southern poli
cy had demanded it. He was soon after blown
out of the United States Senate where he occupied
a seat only as a Reporter, in consequence of his
gross and personal abuse of members. We repeat,.
is it not strange, that such a man—Goliath like—
should attempt with withering acorn and maledic
tion dire to sanihilate so unpretending a youth as,
the Hon. David Wilmot, when the latter by a man
ly independence crosses the "Old Nestor's track
by efforts to extent the area of freedom and to set
bounds to the domineving influence of the South.
But with bulk a simpler weapon than Shepherd's
use,- this young g , David" has slain the old AIM&
tine Chief, and has lain him neck and heels in the
dust.
But by far the mod material point in this contro.
versy, is the one sided view taken by the South
through their organ the Union, in reference to the
Mode of raising revenue to carry on .the War.—
They go for a tax on Tea and Coffee, articles which
enter largely into the daily consumption of the free
northern laborers. Slaves, the Southern laborers
are not allowed to use these articles. Here then
is a tax almost exclusively on free labor, and the
South can sett no injustice is it.
Mr. Wilmot, pro pos es to tax personal property
every where, and because it will necessarily in
clude Slave property, be is denounced as a disor
ganizer and told to stand aside. "The Adminis.
ration has laid' down its platform," and none are
allowed to belong to the party who do not stand
plum upon it.
Now what is the objection to taxing personal
property in the South, as well as in the Northi—
There is a reason for taxing personal property there
which does not exist in the North. Three : NW of
all their Slaves, i. e. their personal property are re
presented in Congress. Personal property in • the
North has no such representation. It is an old Re
publican principle that taxation and representation
should go together.—Cleavland Plain. Dealer.'
If I am rightly informed, the administration has
considered the treaty in its length and breadth, and
has come to the conclus on to send it into the Sen
ate for the advice and consent of that body. I told
you, from the commencement, that this would be
the end of the whole transaction long before the
treaty was seriously thought of, and in spite of the
contradictory remarks, which have from• time to
time appeared in other leading papers, especially
the Union.
The news, as. stated in t e N. O. Delta, rems to
be grossly incorrect It • . here stated that the sum
to be paid for Upper Cali mia and Neiv Mexico
is a mere trifle ; but I ' inclined to the belief
that the trifle amounts to 15.000,000, which, add
ed to the S100 : 000,000a oily expended, and the
o
number of precious live l ost , would indeed be a
high price for all Mexic Further, it is stated in
the Delta, that a corps of 12.000 men of our army
is to be maintained in lMexico at the expense of
the Mexicans; but this, teo, seems to be a mistake,
inasmuch as the withravral of our troops to our own
territory, immediately on the ratification of the trea
ty„ seems to be one of its leading features. .
That such a peace cannot last long is self-evident.
If the Mexicans do ,not at this moment conspiat
against the safety of our army in Mexico, it is through
the influence of the British authorities in Mexico,
who find it their in'erest to promote the ratification
of a treaty which does such signal justice to • and
expresses such a parental care of British interests,
not only in New Mexico, and California, but in
Texas proper, with which Mexico has no more to
do than with • lands situated in Massachusetts.—
The agent of the Mexican bond-holders, Mr. Mack
intosh, was the chief instrument in banging about
this treaty, and this alone ought 'to be a sufficient
reason for us to examine carefully into its various
bearings, not only in regard to our relations with
. Ertgland. If we are to pay a round nun of fi ft een
or twenty miilious for California, why should we
allow a grant of 3000 leagues, (9000 square miles ? )
to be deducted from it in favor of a Ili itish subject,
(the priest Macnamara) when it is known that this
alienation of the national domain took plate/after
our troops had arrived there and taken' possession
of the country 1 Nine thousand square miles form
an imperiton in imperio, and - Heareb knows what
' other British claims may not be covered by the
treaty. he
T British Charge, ad interim, has a copy of the
treaty, and I have very strong reason to believe
that the treaty was received by him—that is sent
on to him by Mr. Boyle, British Charge to Mexico,
or by the agent of the Mexican bondholders in Eng
land—a week before our government received it,
and that the news has gone out to England by the
last British steamer. That the British legation here
should be thus early apprised of the doings of the
Mexican government seems • to he strange, when
it is known that the British agent in Mexico exer
cises an almost comroling influence on the Mexican
s eovernment. If he bad -t he confidence of the Mexi ;
can government to obtain a copy before it was rati
fied by either government, may it not well create
a suspicion that he has had considerable influence
in dictating its termsl
The objections- to the treaty, which I have jest
stated, rjemand and occupy now the serious attention
of Senators who will probably deliberate on them
for some time before they come to .a conclusion.—
The country, no dopbt, sincerely wishes for peace,
but then it ought bot to be purchased at the men
flee of our honor. We may, on the basis of the
treaty now bkifore usi patch upa small peace, allow
a foreign country to have a foothold in Mexico, and
eventually have to fight it out, at the expense of
millions and the lirestof oar best people.
What the fate of the treaty wilt be nr the Senate
is as yet doubtful. 4 I,ear of some twenty-five de.
mastic Senators who ate now ;resolved to vote.
agaMst its ratification t; and in addition to that Mr.
Calhoun and his twit - friends, Yulee and Hurter,
arelsaid to be against it also : but froth the time
that the treaty becomes a government measure, the
prom* of assimilation begins and the measure
wows stronger the tore it is debined,, whether the
argument is pro or contra.- - Oaskavea.
Poem= AllitAintliglia MTH GIISJIT BitrnalL.m.
We learn from aso MI which admits of no queS
flop, that at the time' of the llibemia's sailing, the
basis of a treaty between Great Britian and the Uni
ted States had been agreed upon, which , would
.plece •the post office arrangement between the
two countries on terms of pedectireciprocity,—Cou
rilr•
LOITIIIVIUN, Feb. 23.
From Washington.
ICorrerpoudence of the Public Ledger.;
Wasaaaros, Feb. 21
•Tria-Dotut CASE, it is said, by the • Weelingual ,
correspodent a( the Tribune, *dpchloi. in favor
of Law, tant prdar by the ttprtrine Court of the
ridtett'StitEn. - -
IMPORTANT FROM MEXICO.
rp--z a
-.- svo of Pe =s o!
- - - F.. , -
New Picayune of the 18th last i bring ;
i• ' igerickof the arrival of the Steamship New
4that city, with late and highly unpin
. I. li mn y era c am and the city of Mex.
Mr. Framer arrived at Vera Cruz on Sandiy the
6th inst., bearing desipatches from Gen. Seat for
4.4 ll o o o o mmearkt* --- WagbilAilkul. ,
dayalioni the city of Mexico, and sailed immedi
ately on board the steamer Ifity for Mobile,: ascii
lug on the 12th. The Picapmeadds - - -
" The despatches brought by Mr. Framer are of
the utmost importance. The nature of them was
not generally known at Vera Cruz, but from a source
in which we have abiding confidence we leam That
dus,ldexicart.Pegoachrinenkiiklerrns of peace,
ishichGen. Scott his taken the responsibility of ac..
cepting. One of the attic* oiti# atfangement is,
that twelve thoosand United States' troops shall re
main in Mexico until certain obligations are ful
filled—the remainder of the troops are to be w i t h.
driwn.
We learn- hirther that the preliminaries of the .
treaty of ;MSC, were sigxted.on thefnat day of Feb.
'rear) , by the Mexican. Government; and that no
doubt was entertained that the Mexican Corg re . s .
which was to meet in a few dap : , would ratify the
seine' by.l* Fire! Ontiodty. By the terms of thi s
treaty we -understan d that the Ulited stitea obtain
the boundary of the Rio Grande, New Mexico and
Upper California. The pecuniary consideratio n
for these concessions is a mete trifle compared with ,
that proposed in the conferences a Taenbaya.
Our dale* by this snivel are to the.evening of
the. 2d. insty from the city of Mexico, and the infor
mation given aboye comes to us through so many
channels and is in such authentic Corm that we see
no reuson a to question the fact.
Mom the the N. Y. eibbel
The exact terms of the treaty are unknown,
though they are supposed to be verysimilar to those
in the treaty offered by Mr. Trist during the armis-
tice preceding the taking of the Capital. The trea- .
ty proposes. substantially, a cessation of hostilities
and a permanent settlement of the boundaries be
tween the two Republica. The line of division
commences at the mouth of the Rio Grande, and
runs up to the province of New Mexico as far as
the river Gila, includes that and Upper California
and strikes the Pacific at Sac Diego. The fifteen
millions allowed Mexico, are, we believe, to be
used, or at least a part of this amount s for the put.-
pose of settling the-claims of American ,citizens
against Mexico. The military force of 12,000 men
retained in Mexico for two years. is a tumor that
wants confirmation. It is supposed that the treaty
stipulates the withdrawal of our frirc'es in three
month's after it is ratified. All these doubts and
uncertainties will, however, very soon be cleared
UP*
•The fifteen millions we are to pay Mexico is
considered by some too great a'sum. But when
we consider that Upper California contains between
four and five millions of square miles, and New
Mexico near one huadred millions square miles,
the whole expense of the war and the fifteen mil
lions besides, make aninsignificant sum when con
trasted with the great value of the acquisition. The
beautiful Bay of San Franciso will be ours. This
Bay is said to be, large enough to conta in the united
navies 'of the whole world. In' our future coin-.
merce between China and the East Indies and our
Western possessions, this Bay will be of immense
value to this Government. The sum paid Mexico
is a mere tritle considering the magnitude of the
acquisition. In ten years time the Bay of San
Francisco, and thirty miles around'ii, could be sold
to a commercial company for three times the sum
I allowed Mexico.
The following understanding of the boundary,
proposed in the treaty, is taken from the Eipseo-
If it is correct, we get more than we at first sup
posed-
New Merieo;,,
Upper Conferrals,
Lower California,
Part of Senors, say
Total 653,000
Or about 600,000, square miles, without Lower
Calitontia, about which there are some doubts.
From.the most authentic accounts,• the popula.
tion of the acquired territory may beset &all ab
follows:
The Cahforniess
?feu' Alex Ice,
Total
---- - .
Alabama and the Presidetici.
(From the Artgusta (Me.) Age.]
The democratic state convention of Alabama re
cently passed the following resolution:
Resnferdfurther, That we will support the nomi
nees of the Democratic National Convention, for
President and Vice President, provided they are op
pitied to the principle of the Wilmot Proviso, and we
consider it inexpedient that our delegates to the:
convention shonld be otherwise trammeled by am
special instruction.
It issingular Id& the democracy of a state here
tofore so uniformly true to the democratic party as
that of Alabama, shbuld put forth a declaration so
treasonable to the repel:Akan cause as that contain
ed in the resolution above given. The declaration
proposes a new condition of national democratic
fellowship, by which to exclude from public favor
every man whose opinions upon the subject of
slave extension may be at variance with their own
—a subject which, though regarded, perhaps, by
one section of the Union with favor. is looked upon
by the other with profound aversion. It involves
a subject, therefore, which can never be one of
agreement, much less a bond of union, between
the people of the slaveholdmg and noxi-slaveholii
ing states. •
The Alabama convention virtually proposes the
dissolution of our political party ,organization and
the formation of another embracing new features'
of governmental !Nola-T. The proposition absrilres
the proposed national convention from all obliga
tion to admit to its proceedings the delegate's' from
that state. This convent"on will assemble for the
purpose of nominating such men for election as
will administer the government upon -principles in
accordance with the well established and time
honored demoe-atic creed. The sates should
meet upon ential terms and proceed to business
with the honorable understanding !that each mar
present its candidates, and that the nominees of the
convention shall be entitled to the, cordial support
of each and every state. But the democrats of
Alabama assn e to say to their brethren of other
sections, we will go into their general converrioo
and taken pa in its proceedings. It the nomina
tiens satisfy we will sustain them—if not, we
will repudiat them.
t Dell ~t assumptions will wholly fail to re.
ni ve from minds of. northern men the strong
aviersion no entertained towards the institution of
slavery, and mot fail to re-act upon those Who
indulge the with fatal effect.
.
The democracy of the north will go into that con
, vention u' co terms of inequality. Nor will they
I consent to h ve their representatives, or tither men'
of the p rty proscribed and eicluded from [gels
pc] ,
of honor. or influence, in consequence, of h: rig
given free temnes to the sentiments and princi
ples of the north upon this subject. ..
Democrats at the' north
,desire to maintain their
ancient principles. They will do so without con
dition. Fotheir preservation they! hare always
been foundwilling to do, to yield,, and to suffer
their •full sh are. It has not been their practice!"
dictate legislative action twin any -subject nor to
thronep introit. They have aright- to expect rot:
respending atment: They will insist upon ego/
t rd
terms. Th party has enough to do to adminiter_
the govern ent, and to nithstand the assauhs of,
the eommo enemy, without intreduciry new ele - 1
.meats of II into its ranks. -
R MRETINt I / 2 irrespeaire of paily i 3 Pro
ttin►ac~.
El
Square Miles
200,000
378,000
57,000
.22,000
33,439
57,028
90,463