1 1 21 - ' f - n 2 Witlino
TOWANDA:
chcsban tllorninn, 3n19 28,18'x:
[From the National. Era.]
The American Mechanic.
lIT"ACGL'STINE DUG•NNE..
Lift up thine iron hand,
u of - the stalwart form and fearless ere;
proudly now thine iron hand on hig,hi—
Firm and undaunted stand!
No need hat thou of gems,
ccli the temple of thy glorious thought— '
haq the jewels which-thy,mod has Wrought,
Richer than diadems!
Thou aft our God's high priest,
d l ng before great Nature's mighty shrine;
thr w„hole world the glorious'task is thine,
To spread•the eternal feast.
Even like the Hebrew chief •
est thou the- rock, and from its deep
ertou , heart, the living waters leap,
. To give the earth relief.
Mlehly among thy kind;
Jest thou, man of iron toil, midway
en the earth and heaven, all things to sway
By thy high-working mind!
Thou cant delve in the-earth,
f 1.4 its mighty caves bring forth pure gold;
c'ari.zt unwrap the clouds in heaven rulled,
And give . the lightning birth.
T:ion halt the stormy sea
11,1 m thy chariot wheels, and the wild winds
theo'errulikg intellect that binds
Thvir rusWitig, wings to thee,.
• Thou cans! bid :Thought go forth
the electric furfieqs74if the air,'
through the oppriseless ether thou caust bear
..Thy words from North to South.
Thou cant new „lands create,
' , re the wild rolling wave rib maqtery owns;
I the vast tli , tance of nripostng zones
Canst thou annihilate !
I.ift then •thy hand to ! heaven!
the toil sceptre o'er the sea and land: •
u hart the world entrusted to thy hand !
Earth'to thy charge is given !
send Inforraallon for Children,
WHETHER OF LAGER OR SMALLER GROWTH..
u-mz. au Alumna-, there is one tiubject, upon
. 1 .1 mu ,t readers require some particular iiitor
o!l. I referto'what is denominated •• the Equa-
ME
.lt thiMust of our Almanacs give the ri
-13 I .-2,Cr:lllg - nf the sun and 'planets in what is
.J 4.1 Clock time. - Formerly it was usual to
the-e in- apparent solar time. -Hence it - was
1. , find an occasional nine thrown into the
P.!l- Of the :Calendar "sun juse - -•• sun stow :
-11 have often heard children inquire. " How
11:1•• sit he too first, or 100 slow, as that is the
4 - v4'lll.lkl' of time !" In order to explailptins
ur c - omprehension, you must cite strict atten-
I! I.° , Pail' had only one motion. viz : thai around
aii: i axis , the n you see that the place you live
Oiler fixed meridian on the surface would
a I s .. ruvolye from the sun to the sun again m the
-pare of time, makint one ,day and night
e) and both t o together would be
2 I hours. But the earth has, at the same
,n^ another motion, by which it is carried around
nave a year,. While. therefore, the earth
oboe arfivina its own axis. it is carried for
!wady oar tlrnree, in IN course .around the
1 , 1 (Vo lt know'there are 365 days in a yea-, and
in a :treat circle, ati the 'ecliptio, whieh
ilt• orbit of the eartli. So 'fear then does it come.
ad‘Sitice Of, a de:;ree every !lit) That de
ne if it Nvtre complete; vt mild make a diflerence
time of eviell:v. I mitintes : hot as it "falls a small
u•toti li iW ahollt 3 tunlutes 54
ire. a.. tliif c:uthtifrus over eastward around ffit
;tilt) at the same time advances eastward
nrbit newly one degree every day, it is inani
tiat any uiroti meridian of the earth -will pastt
trCan: , lire l 'tar to the same fixr:i star again,
almost One de tt. re e short of it that
rqit romites 56 seconds sooner. And there is
MEM
, "• , •r , 'lrenni.tance to lie taken into act'ount.—
" °a , ', like all the other planets, moving in an
..!''' d:).1./t. 1- , sonietimes nearer and sometimes
d.f I , mi the -un : and es.niseque.ntly, moves
•'''' in tk orbit, at one time than another. Hence
• lifi - 2•re noe of time is not uniform, but is Some
roue. and at other times, lesS. SO that the
.. ,, ,T.la a d apparent solar days are never exactly
~; , ,. ..x..eptin,...l 4 days in the year ; which is the
: - °‘=6uk ilie lath Of April ; the 15th of June; the
•'';! . F. , -. iv.ember, and he 24th of December. :Be
:'e°.l.4,e dates the difference is constantly in
`-',,sikTli decreasing : so that The variations of
1 :- e4• and, apparent time amount to from 4 to. 16
- :''llei. The greatest variations occur about Feb.
I ''' . —MAy 15 . 11—June 26th—and Nov: Ist :—the
a`-‘1* ,...
ti ' , .a:st qt all,A first and lase mentione es
t the ,
r L . ' you pl,iitily j*eceive, that in order for .1...
.'" k r" wal , ii to; indicate true. time, it must some
,'''.:' I"' 'et •Na•er, and at other timesfaster, than
' e 'lne tada•ated by the sun. In order to do this.
.1 tnust hav e ail aectirate noon-mark, and when
•S •../ 1 arrt\- 'at the meridian, set your clock at
-nur and minuteindicated in the column of the
...o.:dat head e d •• Sun South," on the day of the
2 ''. ll. or if our Almanac gives mean instead of
'?:event time. ',oii will find in the miscellaneous
j,ll . sorneWlicre near tlrat date the numfier of
that the •ii Is stoic or first.
laciinatio n of the axis of the earth to the
of the ecliptic is another circumstance that in
."nces the length of the day : bin it is not neces
-I*Y.to be noticed here; to give you a correct idea
differiqwe bctiveen true and apparent time
tune iliat the sun takes in passing from a gi7
n ThralianTt o that sane meridian again, is cal
a s,lr (fir ! ' *Th e tame in which a fixed star
the samc passage is caned iisideria/ day.--
s. d. k 3 minutes and 56 seconds longer
Ivial (illy and hence- what is called a
''l.lpiiir-, 3 minute- alid. 56 be,-
THE -': BRADY, RD - . :REPORTER;
onds in siderial time. Sun dials, of course show
ialiparenl solar time : and'lcocksand other time•pie-,
mean solar time. The difference between them
us called " the equation of lime :"
It is a question with me, whether it is any. im
provement in our modem Almanacs, that their cal
culations are given in clock time, rather than appa
rent solar time. It is certainly an objection to those
that take no notice whatever of the Equinoxes,
Solstices, and other important epochs, in the course
of the year.
I suppose it will not be amiss to give you some
little information about the tides. The time of high
water is generally given in the Almanac, but there
are some curious facts about this, that the Almanac
cannot be expected to explain ; and yet may offord
you some amusement and instruction. You doubt
, leis know that the rising of the waters of the ocean
is occasioned principally by the attractions of the
Moon. When that secondary-planet is on one side
of the earth, the liquid parts, having nothing to con
fine them in their position, natiarally yield to the
impulse and flow towards the attracting body.
This causes a rise of the waters, from three to five
feet farther from the centre of the earth ou the side
towards the moon, than the water that lies 90 de
grees off, or half-way to the opposite Aide of the
earth. This is called high water.
Bat there are always two tides, or high water at
two different points of the earth, at the same time
and the77e 'are on opposite sides. The reason of
this • }on will readily understand. This moon,
whose attraction draws the water, exerts the same
force on the whole solid portion of the earth, in pro
portion to distance. Hence the solid earth being
4 hawn towards the moon, the fluid parts on the
opposite side. being less attracted will be left be
hind, and a-cumulate there so as to form an oppo
site tide.
Thy, influence of the sun is also to be taken into
the account in considering the tides. • The sun is.
indeed vastly larger than our Moon : but then it is
400 times farther from the earth ; and as the law of
attraction is inversely as the squares of the distance,
the actual attraction of the sun on our earth is only
about one-third as great as that of the .moon., This
however is sufficient to have a preceptible influ
ence on the tide.. Hence when the son and moon
-are in conjunction, as they always are at the change,
and both attract the earth one way ; oe iiien they ,
are in opposition, as they are at the full of the moon,
and both exert their influence on the opposite tides,
the water of each will rise the highest. Hence
these are called Spring Tides. But: when the Sun
and Moon are in quadrature or at right artgleswith
the earth,. they counteract eat other, anil,..the wa
ter no where rises as high as in the fornier case.—
And these are called reap Mies. The rising and
falling of the sea is called the flowi i tig and ebbing
of the tide.
You might suppose that the highest point of the
tide would always be directly under the moon.—
Rut this is not the fact. The watgr being set in mo
tion by the attraction of the moon continues to Clow
on. so that its
. greatest accumulation takes place at
a given point, from 2 to 3 hours after the moon has .
passed that meridian. And on the same principle
the Spring and Neap tides are about a day and a
half after the full and qttarter. You need not won
der that there is no preceptible tide on lakes and
inland seas, because the attraction ?. of the moon Or
sun nil every- part of their surface is at any given
time nearly the same.
The vast difference in the height to which the
tide rises. at different places on the shores of the
ocean and seas, is caused by the form of the coast,
the meeting currents, and other local circumstances.
Thus in a broad open port,- the tide never rises vet
ry high.- At New-York the tides vary from . 3 to 11
feet. But when an arm of the sea. presents a tun
nel
from, growing narrower as it passes up into the
land, the tides are vastly increased. Thus, in the
Bay of Fundy, the'flood tide comes in, in a torrent,'
and sometimes rises to the height of 70 feet,
Upon tide-riversyon sometimes meet with peril
liarities, that at first view, appear very "strange but
are easily accounted for. Thus, on the Hudson, it
is high-water at NeW York and Albany at about the
ransr hour every day. But then, there is low wa.- .
ter, about halfway between them, at Poughkeepsie.
It is nit, therefore, the same tide at both plaCes.--
The rise of water takes about 12 hours to flow from
New York to Albany. It was the tide of last night at
New Yolk, that arrived at Albany to-chiy, about the
time that a new title Caine in front the ocean ; undo
while a part of it will ebb back into the ocean, the
residue will continue leisurely to travel up the riv
er from place to place till it arrives at Albany—the'
head of tide-water.
As the moon occupies nearly .15 hours in one ar
i parent revolution around the earth, there will al
ways be two tides, at the same place, in the course
of that time ; and they . will .of course, be from a
half hour to nearly an hour later every day.
s Ltsv.—Two fellows, while
skating recently on a pond in Massaahusetts, fell
through the ice. Their fall was observed by some
men on shore, who ran to their asstistanee and sav
ed the lads from drown.ng. The eldest was able
to walk, but the other was nearly e*hausted. They
were taken to their mothei's house, and as soon as
the younger brother was restored to. speech, the
first exclamati n he made was ; " I:wonder if Bill
has saved my skates !"
How delicious that conversatiou is which is ac
companied with. a mutual confidence, freedom,
courtesy, and complacency How calm the mind,
how composed the affections, how serene thecoun
tenance, how melodious the voice, how sweet the
sleep, how contentful the whole life,- ch.at neither
devirs, mischief gnat others, rich . sopects any to
be contrived against itself. •
Those who would be hippy lutist have some
»War business to etrq,their
•
Pot im no green vegetable; untitthe water boil',
yott would keep •gall their ~ , weetness •
PUBLISHED EVERY WEDNESDAY, AT , TOIVANDA, BRADFORD COUNTY, PA., BY E. S. GOODRICH &
" REGARDLESS OF DENUNCIATION FROM ANY. QUARTER."
The City of Mexico.
Very few of our.people have an adequate idea
of the extent and magnificence of the
.Mexican
capital. The city of Mexico contains a population
of 250,000. It stands nearly in the centre of an ele
vated fiain or plateau. surrounded by mountains
and having an area of about 1700 square, miles.
one-tenth covered by lakes. •
It is undoubtedly one of the finest cities in'either
hemisphere, and inferior only to Petersburg or Ber
lin, London and Philadelphia, as respects the regu
larity and breadth' of the streets, mil the extent of
its public place. The streets are wide, well pared
and flagged, but not well lighted nor watched at
night. They run almost 'Uniformly at right angles,
many of then; being, nearly 2 miles length, per
fectly level and straight, and offering from every
view the most picturesque scenery. The houses are
nearly all hollow squares, with open courts. sur
rounded by collonades, and ornamented with
plants. Numbers of the homes are coVered with
glass porcelain, in a variety of elegant designs and
'patterns. The balustrades and gates are of Biscay
iron. .ornamented with brass.
The Piaui Al•ayott. or grand square, is one of the
finest seen in any metropolis, having in its centre a
- colossal statue of Charles IV., said to be the finest
work of the kind in the new world. Its east side
is occupied by the cathedral and serrarie, or parish
church, and its north side by the Palace—whilsi on
the other sides, are liandsome rows of private di-el
lings and Shops. In this Square is also the pariah,
a large ungainly Ode. used as a market or bazaar
and a general rendezvous for. the dissolute. The
palace, or gove'inment housi, a fine building. near
ly with a front several hundred feet in ex
tent. comprises four large courts, in which are the
public offices, barracks, prison, the Mint, and a
large botanic garden.
The
: Cathedral is a Iteterogeneous edifier, partly
of gothic and partly of Italian architecture, erected
on the site•of the great temple 'of the god Mexitli,
its two towers ornamented with pilasters and 'stat
ues. The interior is said to Ge lofty and nit,,olifi
cent, being graced with 4 profUsion of massive car
ved ornaments, pictures and golden statues.
Besides the cathedral, there are from fifty to 60
other houses of worship - among which . the Fran
ciscan and Dominican convents arr, o knormously
wealthy. Opposite to the latter is the palate of tite
inquisitirm ;: now applied, however, to different
ends. "
3
The Ain n, or college of engineers -,-lie acad
emy of fin rts—the university and public library
were once rant institutions, hot are now in a
state of wofhl dilapidation, presenting a miniature
picture of ! the republic itself.
The Acordmin. or public, ptison, is a large sub
stantial structure, fitted to contain about 1309 pri
soners.
The Plaza de Toros, for the exhibition of hull
fights, consists of agreat circular enclosure, fined to
accommodate 3000 speetatdrs.
The Alameda, or poi lie walk at the west end of
the city, somewhat reseritles a park, but has the
stiff formal appearance of Dutch and French resort..
hi the centre is a foimtain: supplied with :water
from the great aqueduct leading front Santa Fe to
the city.
The Passeo is an open vary, about two milt-sin
length, planted with double rows of trees, much
frequented on holydays by persoqs ui carriage, .s and
on horseback.
The Pork - 11(s are covered collonades. lined with
shops and stalls,- fonn a favorite evening promen
ade, and present on fine evenings, a lively scene
of bustle and gaity.
On the south-west angle of the city, stands a very
large cigar manufactory, carried On under the ads
picies of government, from winch the whole de
mand of the smoking gentry is supplied.
Such is an outline of the Mexican capital which
is, without donbt, Ott this moment, under the domin
ion of the stars mid striper. how beautiful i s the
prowess of free and liberal imitations ! Who can
doubt, that is the all2wise economy of Providence,
it has been reseried for oar ultimate good .fortune
to carry among that distant and lie:rated and op
-pressed people, the elements of civilization and re
finement ! Blind must that mind be to passing
events, :Ninth is closed to the interesting truth, that
out this war 'wi'l ring an inexhaustible fund of
good, even to )VI 'xico. The sword may be to them
a messenger of ercy, in disguise, as the tempest
and the..whirlivi often arc in the physical, end
ii
disaster anddir ss in the moral wQrld. The:ways
of heaven, whe can fathom ?
Yoram Lsos.--;There are many young lads abott
our streets, who have given up their schools, but
who are in no particular business. Some of them
to be sure, are sons of wealthyparents, who can
afford to keep them in idleness, tint it May prove
the ruin of the boys. There are others, however,
whole parents find it difficult to make both ends
meet, who seem to do nothing from Monday morn
ing to Saturday night_ Why is it ? They are too
proud to lean a.trade, or go into a shop and work ;
so they are waiting for eppottunities to present
themselves, where they can get a good salary, and
do nothing but a little writing. Such opportunities
are rate, and these boys may wait till they arc one
and twenty, and yet do nothing.
_ldleness is the
ruin of boys from the age of fourteen to twenty-one.
While unemployed you will find them at the cor
ners of our streets, in low grog-shops, or where
soda-cakes and pies are sold, living on the gener
osity of their more wealthy companions. We know
several such. We see then' taily getting what
they can from others, while their poor fathers, or
widowed mother are obliged to support them. .
Our advise to ttuch young lads is, go to work at
something. Do pot be afraid of a trade. Some of
our best and most talented men once'sat on a shoe-
Maker's bench, or worked at something. You-had
better dig' clams py the halves, empty vaults, or -sell
candy, than thusitb waste your prittious time-, and
contract habits that will be a source of trouble to
you a long as you live
SuctnisrmoN.—lt is singular, but it is true, that
superstithm precMls in this day of knowledge. It
isatt impossibility to reason people out okthe bullet
that the breaking of a looking glass, the flouting of j
a flog, the lowing of a cow at night, the t...,maaing
of an int-ixt upon the wall, &T., prngnosticates the
near app\-oat-h of death to some member of the:
family. 'After the: death of a i Matt, a brother or a
parent, we have heard pemuns remark, with all
sincerity—"l knew some one would die : I was
forewarned of -it—l heard d 'groan one day under
the window, .add no one was there." We have
also heard the remark aPer the death of a friend—
"l expected it. Our dog- (big sea-erg graves in the
yard, and These were the signs of death. - Foolish
asthis language . ,may apiiear, we have heard it time
and again. especially from those who live in the
country and are less informed. The--e very per
sons, who are thus superstitious, had ilte lived in
the days of Mather, u uuld have been Linn believers
in whitelicraff, ghosts. and hobgoblins. And while
they are thus deluded. they are wretched. The
barking of every dog—the burning, of every candle'
—the breaking of every glass—nakes them turn
pale with fear. They am warned of death by every
breeze. Night brings them but alias repose. The
death tick mtcy be heard, oreey may be m'amed of
the grim destroyer in a terrible dream. .
General WalStein. wbo lived in the seventeenth
century, was—singularly superstitious, though he
was brave and intrepid on the field of battle. In
1625, while iNanning one of his campaigns. he sat
up •all aN.was usual on such occasions to con
sult the stail. t Sitthr by his window. but in eon
temPla;ion, lie felt himself violently strut lc on the
baCk. Feeting that he wa , alone. and his chand4u:
-door locked, he was seized with attright. Ile
doubted not this messa-qt was from God, to want
him of his speedy death. Hit beeaMe melancholy,
but his friends knew not the cou , e. • Ilis confessor
hoWever, discovered the cause,'and one of the
pagas of the general, con t f.-Ised that, being intent
on playing a trick on one of his: comrades, had hid
himself in Walstein's apartment, and ruistaliiiig
him for his friend. had struck him on the back
While hit master was examining the room, he
jumped out of the window. The cont,•,sor pledged
hiniself that no harm should liotall • the page.
and felt happy to be able to quiet the general.—
Great was
,his 'surprise when he heard NValAcin
order the immediate hanging of the young man.
He would hear no words—the gibbet w as prepared
the page delivered up. the executioner provided.—
The whole army, from the.highe , t otlicer to the
lowest in rank. felt indignant towards the General,
while the confessor threw himself at. the feet of
Waltstein, begging for the life of the youth—but in
vain. 'rite page mounted the ladder. and in a mo
ment the unfortunate y euth would have been in
eternity, when suddenly the General cried out—
" Stop and in a loud voice exclaimed;--•Well.
young man. have you now experienced avlrtt the
fears of death are ! I have served you as sou have
served me—now we are quits More dead than
alive, the kNapr youth descended roan the gibbet,
amid shouts of joy In to the whole army. •.
Thousand* of people suffer: from their supersti.
lions notions, iyhen, if the cause= of certain noises
and signs w ere explained, they would see at once
how foolish they had been. There is a natural
cause ler everything. Tile death-tick in the %Nall,
from severe exertion, or over eating. The,faees
and forms we ini.l2ine ae see before us , ate rads
et' hydeleet in our vision.
We Waver wamin_: , enough in the falling leavt-s I
—the decay of and the ,leach of friends—,l
'without waking ourselves eternally ini, , erable I,y
any superstitions.
Tiri:'ninny.% l'au.:s.—The first newspaper
%vas is.s.ued (in niatitt,eripi) at Venire, in 1683. anti
I{'ai fallen the "Gazette::
The first printed newspaper was published in En
gland, in 158 s, called •• The English Alen•urr.
printed by her niaje:ty:s fritter.•' mi.:paper %%A:
not regularly published.
In 1624. the ••Public Intelhgericer and London
Gazette - was established. Soon afterwards various
papers had ••their entrances and their exits." in
London. ant( ite.; which were "The Scots Dore, -
•Tlie Parliment Kite,•• "The secret f7ivl,-
'The Speetator" wa ; the first purely literary
periodical. It adiicare.l iti 1711 Thi, publication.
as i., kuo•.vu, owe•; it, immortality to .I.dilison.
"The Tattler," conducted by Sir Ricthird - :Steele,
though published a short nine precious, was not
eiclusively'literary.
The first Frenelt newspaper was established at
Paris in 1631, by Ranandot, a phyieian.
The first "Literary Journal and Review" ever
published, was aThe Journal des Scavatts, - com
menced in 1565, in France.
There are now published in France 714 Journals,
of which 310 are political.
The first American Paper' was the • 'Poston
News Leuer," which hppeared'on the of April,
1704, by James Campllen. In 1719, "The Riston
Gazette" was started. I
The third Ameican newspaper ,wa.s
can Weekly Mercury," which appeared in /ids
delplaia on the 22d of December, 1719.
The tburth American newspaper was the "New
England Courant," estubtrshed at Boston, Autthst
17, 1721, by James Franklin, cider brother to lum
who rendered the mune illustrious.
A man who Audies human nature and %%rites!:
for the public, is sure to touch a thousand h: rue
in his articles, whom he never saw, anti nho
supposes themselves were only intended to be hit
and ridiculed, or advised end counselled. If a tel
ly of an indis t eretion is glaringly seen through ,the
mirror of the press, it shows a weak mind to be
enraged and to denounce the wtite,r. As well
might the plain female, or one who has bben pit
ted by the small pox., dash the faithful glass to the
floor. It does not make them less deformed,.
though it may shut them from a eight of their own
ugliness. -
• The erneMelon. ,
Sonli4ht upon J r.a . b to ll
Auti on the wave., of
(in Jordan's stream and orrithr ,
Tlat gather to the sleelig sea !
Most freshly fr om the gre y wont] springs
The'lighl breeze on its sretned
A ne gaily gitiver in the .nit •
, The tail green plumes, of Lebanon.
A few more hours—a change bath come.
Dark as a Ltooding• Munder-elond !
The shouts of wrath and joy are dumb—
• And proud knees Onto earth are ly,wed.
A change is on the hifl of death,
The helloed watchers pant for breath,
•
And turn with wild and maniac e.,es,
. Prom the dark scene of saerif.ce.
That sacrifice!—the death of
Him—
The High and ever holy One!
Well may the conscious Heaven grow dim.
And blacken the beholding sun!
The Wonted ligt t had fled away,
Night settles ou the middle day, .
And earthquake from his cayeril'd bed,
Is waleping with a thrill of dread,
The dead are moving underneath !
Their prison dour is rent away,"
And ghaNtiv wilt the seat of death
They wander in the eve of day'
The temple of the cherubim—
The house of God—ts cold and dim.
A curse is on its tretraliling
walls—
Its mystic veil asunder falls.
Well may the mighty holds of earth
Be shaken and her mountains move!
Well may the sheeted dead come forth
• To gaze upon such sullering, Love !
Well may the temple shrine grow dim
And shadows red the Cherubim.
When He, the cho s en One of Heaven
A sacrifice for guilt
And shall this stand heart alone
When
unmove.lth. ntnritig
When nature tremble on. her throne,
And death resign* his iron power !
Oh, %hall the heart whose sinfulnes,
Gave keenne's t., His sore di , tress,
And added to his tears of blood,
Refuse its trembling. gratitude!
FACT anoer CHlNl.—Cltina is one-thad larg. r
than all-Europe, and three times as large as the an
qient Roman Empire in the Llas of A ignstur The
Chinese census gives the population a5'362.000,-
000, which Dr Morrison thought to be nearly cor
rect. This gives about 277 to the square mile, the
average in EnghrodNing 2*o on each square mile.
This vast population is composed of several didlir
ent families. The aboriginal Chinese Still maintain
independent existence in the interior west of Cans
•
ton. The Mongols compose the larger number:
but the Manchoos from the north are a istronger
race, and more energetic, as appears frornthe fart,
that thongh numbering but 4 7 000 7 000, they conquer
ed China in ten years, and still hold pissession dC
it. The Thibetans resemble the llindoos. AbOut
thirty dynasties, or successive races of kings, have
already ruled M China. Their records ar4, perhaps,
the oldest . extant, ewer the Bible. Tlk igrein waft
of China has been standing 2,100 years. It is com
posed of two walls. each four feet thick and twenty
feet high, inclining inward, and tilled up With earth
and rubbish. Totters are raised every three hums
dred yards. These are in sonic parts of considera
ble strength, in others mere piles of earth. Tarot
threeor fOur large gates the as hole commerce of
Central Asia , pours into China. That division of
China called•by us Tartary, 'contains about 790,000
square miles. ht the west part lies the great desert
43-` Central Asia. For centuries, the only .road from
Pnrope to China lay owr this sea of sand. and this
alas one reason of the isolation of this great empire.
Some parts of the desert are at the great elevation
of 15.000 feet abovethe level of the sea. The cold
in these parts of Thibet is intense. At Pekih. (he
capital of Cnina, m lagitude 40 deg. while the heat
of summer frequently rises to 110 deig., the ther,
mon-le:es is sometimes he weeks together below
,zero. The climate of Canton i- remarkably tine;
ranging from 40 to tio deg., mod seldom in summer
above 90 deg.
oit'Essus —The Jul of Peterbosoit:4ll could
dictate letteN to nine airnnitio-nses te'ettlier. as (says
Pope) I was , assured by a gentleman who saw
bitn do it. when atoba,sa,lor at Turin. lie
around the ro , mi ; and tnlrl each in his nun w hat In—
was to w ntn. One wad. perhitz. a letter to 'lin.
Emperor : another, to an 01,1 Iri'end a third, to a
inistress a fourth a statosnian: an :so on : and yet
he carried on en many an , ' difierent connexiona in
hi- howi all at tl.O many limp.•
A voluminous ntfthor was one flay expatiating to
Gold-mith. on the ad' a ilagos of employing au
amanuenses. and thus savite4 the trouble of writing.
.How do yon manage it r snid the doctor. 'Thy,
trplie.l the other, '1 walked bon: the roots and
dictate to a eltner man, nho pads dowry VeTS'
correctly all that I say, so that I hare nothing tnoze
to do, than just look over the manuscript, and then
send it to the press.'' Goldsmith was delighted
with the information, and desired his friend to send " i "" K""L" ) • 1 --" - . 1 f,Y
the amanuensk to him the next mbming. The a title ; it is far likelier to g
scribe accordingly waited uiiun the doctor, placed or c ifl•ac.k, than if you th
himself at the table with the paper before hnit, and the chance of arty bad cosi
his pen ready to catch the oracle. G - oldsniith pact lc'` if yon go out into air,
ed round and round the room with great solemnity equallyfrom every side.
for some time : but after tacking his brain to no ef-
knowledge Ito not thos(
feet, he put his hand into his pocket, took out a dm u; e ually ow still necked ! n alit blowing on ti
us gr
guinea, and giving it to the annumensis, said, At
won't do, my friend : I tied that my head and my I windows of your mind the;
hand must go together."
NtercA I lON or rat: I!.i •v ns.—An rditor, in llli= i'The be s', indeed tile Qu i
nai • -alp . lu pa ink down the p n iJ:r; , , , •r in agaiii:4 the mischief whirl
alt tic s:erii heel heat tlalle 1, the Agatha, •whieli Mg men .t to te - a , lit
craft drew atteut :-ixteen inches - 4 water, we w;ro I 1 the true'hinNU- of Achille
much :unused at the novel ) of the thing, w hen. in heal the wound it niay 114
approaching Beardstown, the erini %cm stoiyed I „ p:n said a
and given aI "lick !melt," for the boat to wait a
son who was in ro-npany
Hoosier team that was forr'i% , the it :earn-to
Men, " I protest you are
ft is no uncommon occurrence, we:are told n(y.tr,
vou before, " Very likely,
for the captain of a beat, ef a dark night to waile lie man, al am „,
ahead with a lantern in . his hand, to point the - per penninck—not really
nel! This 'saves the necessity of throwing the
worth more than the wi o!
lead, the pilot ,inging out knee deep and Le! is
BM
.-A IN
htwite , atithotity
Cape inis: , ettiary .—.l wan 11..
Aphing low toe', near a sni
:init• rest after his hearty drink
the'lteat ttf the rock goon disl
%%hen he beheld a ‘• large: lu
eye, aing in
link niore than a yard ulltr f
'.truck. incr.° Ile 5.s terror'
presence 01 mind. 1n eyed hi
vinz hi.. bandslomly iorrarcls
i•A treinen•
awful wa-,tring being repeated
attent.)led iulncure lci4 han-I.
beeame so heated. that lie coti'd Seareely•beer his
naLed fc,e_t_to ton.4i it. The LILT , p'wksed, the night
also. but :tlie lion never moved from the spot ;
the suit rose again. and it. 3 intense' heat soon ren
-dered his feet past feeling. A noon the lion rose
and Walked to the water, onlyia few yards distant,
looking behind :IS it wentlest .41e men should move,
%then, seeing him stretch out his hand to take his
gun. it turned in a rage, and Was on the point of
e t
springing tyart him.- But anther night passed ai
the I e nter had done 3 and th next day again the
lion i at towards the water; ut while there, "he
ft-tented to some noise apparently from an opposite
qiiartbr, aad disappeared' in the bushes.' The min
now seized his emu hat on flit essaying to rise, hit
il rrzeilqltis an11.. , s being witliont power. At lergth
he reale the best of his w - on his hands and
inees, and soon after fell in 'With another native,
who took him to a plane of infeiy ; and, as he ex
p:e.ted it.'with his •• toes misted." • This man be - -
',- longed to - Mr. Schinelen's'Ongroga'ion .li Betha
! ity •• „ 0 ::11 • lost ins toes and was - a cripple for
Goon Rt ia:;.— Theo ice u '7 . disciimina:e reading
has become :15 . .ev•il ul scrims magnitude in this
age of cheap and ephemeral i puhlications. ToTing
men are:far too prone, at !hi!, most prenitous pe
riod of l i fe, when the mind ought to be fo:ming its
habits of study. and. fiimishituf, i self with valraVe
st noes' of knowledge, to eonsi' eg it important to lip
on'(:1-: the phrase is) with th literature of the day.
1
Standard works are ne%lerte{l.•that.a iiecies of fa
inilia,.i:y ma y• ii i i acquired fivith all the crude pro
ductions of a tlio , s , and tinpiiptltable authors. The
powe r of attention is ;lissipted, the memory loses
its tenacity, and the mind finis is all those solid
qmilities Which distinguish such 1 4 :nen* as Milton;
Iturke and Macaulay. Few literary ciraraogr.
have 111 more substantial o ft more brilliant attain_
meats than Mr. Builer, the atOcir tf that c.reme
ly interesting book, the " R 4l4ser-uc'el... In his
excellent preface to that w / ko -. 7 = 4 ilescribes as fol
lows the mode in which he was enabled to con
duct his studies so succeidly.- The, Words ire:
serve to he cortimitted to memory', and repeated
once a day, by every younglinau who hopes for lit
erary success : .
•• Miry early rbinz—a
tune—abstinence (roil! all e..
ver34l not likely to amuse
dim-, wii irg, or ev - mt ilii•
politic.--and above all, oo
scrap of time to be!tnetnplo)
will' . an ablaut:lance of - lite
acquisitions are principaqy
sgrvatiehof burr rule- to dir
rary object duly at a tioni
as little as possible
ions, read the best book
en of information, and,
I t to talk."
things that n 'et bp-
f the. benevoil nt, the
and a woman' tongue.
e 7 td allay thirst with
to please ull in every
langs_ that are as good
i farbine, well water in
to
thirst, and a grey coat, in- Three
cold . Weather. Th
thiligs.szs goad as their ben r ; dirty water to extin
guish the tire, an ugly wilttto a Wildman, and a
wool sword to a coward.- Three warnings from
the grave ; thou knowest what.' was, thou seest
' hat I am. remenalxq what thou art to be. Threei
I;
a lady's hive, : a eb,:r t .,
hire things that ought
cat. the chimney, arid=
- ntia6 to a falSe story
bold- lave, and fools for
i seen in a peacock ; the
o i l a thief, and the voice
it is unwise to boast of ;
beauty of thy wife and
Three l miseries of a
imncy, a dripping roof,
upon . it. consulting oil ..psi74
%%Nilo. the subject is content
on cavil side , to tint! out n
in
thibir scliety. to listen, 111,
NV cult Sart Nus Tlire
come rusiy-,-the money
slMes of the Wither's horse
Three things not easily (Ica
lire, io dry wet it ith water,
thin' , that is dune. Three
as the best brown bread
things of short continuant
tire, and a brook's flood.
never to be - from home : t
ih r housewife. • Three es,
to lrr ; a g,ocr.l mmiory,
an amiiencc.. Three things
garb of an angel, the walk
of the devil. Three things
the flavour of thy .ale, the t
the cements of thy pulse
mans' house :. a smoke3lCl
atad a seohling wife. I
and iet the semi send forth
Male of ate earth.
A!! a .in-i
mutiosao
&. 1•111 N f IJI •
301 - :‘lolfai 1 tlio
%jug: sat clown on a
1 11 foifulaiti to take a
he fell n.sleep ; but
I nrbed Ms dreams,
n 'crouching . before,
face; and within
.et." Ile was, at first
but recovering his
g,tin, and began mo •
, when the lion pis.
lotts roar; the same
whenever the man
The rock at length
tematie division of his
cni i iany and from
highly—from rea
-1 ing 'on modem • pArtS
fer, permitting. a' bit. or
ed—have supplied him
ry hours. His literary
• wing to ob
'ct his ,attention to one
to read the best bcokl
pUll up your window
Hpc cold or rheutuatisnt,
l ow it wide open ; and,
, equence becomes still'
nd let it' act upon 'you
it• not jusi so with
who are ea - p3sed to, a
thOok a "iteviee,
Whtn open" the
fore; opeil thorn wide.
ntessepFrg to eiploro
melltokl. of _nariling
may rimurfrom teaett•
cfsi nutlet. K.)owtedgo
tte,;.bing but itself Call
II youth tu a little Per
i:l.h a halfldoien hop
so small r did not see
' replied the little gen
peace among , tkix et*-
/
exeived, but in. fag . ,
of. the--n.' 1