e1".4
-- ak'aforti ft (I,o'vaiii:
Towanda, Wednesday, April 28, 1847.
DEXIOCILVTIC NOMINATIONS.
EZIIIM=2I
FRANCIS R. SHUNK.
= ion" _c ANAL Coi3a*STo7t4. --
MORRIS -LONGSTRETfI,
Or IIOSTOONIEIII rOCNTT
--„--
Vtinnot Proviso—Precedents.
. . ..
. In our last we endeavored to point out the true of
of the Proviso introdneed Mid advocated by Mr. Wilmot
as a portion of the Ell placing three million," of dollars
Cm
at the ' sal of the President to consummate a peace
with Mexico. It will be oar aim in the present number
to ow that all precedents arising from the action of
Con ' 'on the acquisition of new territory. has been
of a character coincident with the Wilmot Proviso ; and
that a proposition to extend slavery over vast regidus in
which it did not exist or' had been abolished. is contrary
to all the precedents in the history of our country. Fur
the facts and figures we use, we are indebted to the mime
able cotemporary we referred to in our last.
At the close of the revolutionary war, most of the
territory northwest of the Ohio river was ceded to Vin
ginis--a slaveholding State—and Congress • under the
old confederation, ordained as one of the articles of 0002.
pact between the original States and the people in said
territory, " that there shall be neither slavery nor involun
tary servitude in the said territory," which ordinance
was to remain loiterer unalterable onto:l6y common
consent. Such were the principles of our Statesmen at
the North and the South at a time when slavery wu
ioleroted, where it actually existed, only from necessity.
the formation of our Contain/none, government,
one of the chief dangers to the Union arose from the
broad, and in some instances cditilicting claims, of
vidoel States to warem territory. The charters of
Mosechuseits, Connecticut, Virginia and other colonies,
given by English - kings before the continent had been
explored; assigned - to those colonies no western limit this
side of the Pacific ocean, or as it was then called, "the
South Sea." By the treaty between Great Britain and
France in 1763, at the close of the "old French wars,"
the Mississippi was made the western boundary of the
British possessions her!.„.:, Accordingly in the treaty of
1783, by which Great Britain acknowledged the lode
j endence of her former colonies, the United States re•
cognized the Mississippi as the western boundary. Those
States, then, whose western boundary by charter was
" the South Sea," clisimed that their western boundary,
under the treaty. with Great Britain, was the Mississippi
In 1784 Virginia, then the greatest and most powerful
of the States, Ceded to Convene!l her territory north of
the Ohio. Her territory south orithe Ohio continued
armlet her jurisdiction, but was afterwards, by her con
sent, admitted into the Union as the State of Kentucky.
In 1787; the States of Massachusetts and Coimecticut
having followed the example of Virginia in relinquishing
their western lands to Congress to be field for the com
mon benefit of all the United States, the. memorable
" ordinance fur the Government of the Territory north
west of the Obio," was enacted. In 1790, North• Caro
liana haSing made • similar relinquishment of ber
claims, the " Territory south of the Ohio." was organiz
ed by act of Congress. The District of Columbia 11111
ceded the same year, by the two States of Maryland and
Virginia. At a later period, when Georgia bad in like
manner ceded her lands west of the Chattahoochee, the
•• Misiiissippi Territory" was esitabk bed. These were
all the territories which came into the pomeissionof the
Federal government prior to the purchase of Louisiana
in 1803.
What, now, has been the settled course of precedents
hitherto, in relation to the erection of Territorial govern
winos? Has there ever been an instance in which the
institution of slavery has been introduced by the sower
ei;n power of the Federal government into • territory
in which it did not exist at the time of the cession of that
territory to the smeteignty of the Union! Has ala:re.
N iy ever been introduced into any acre of territory ceded
to the Union by a non-slaveholding state or power I
. Note slave States have grown op and have been re.
ceived into the Union, since the declaration of indepeo.
deuce. Of these, two (Kentucky and Tease) never
were Territories under the jarisdictilin of the Federal
government Three others began to he settled ander the
jurisdiction of theists:re States to which thej belonged
by ancient charters, and were ceded to the Union (Tgn-
Degree by North Carolina, and Alabama and Mississippi
by Georgia) with the incumbrance of slavery already .
upon the suiL Three others (Louisiana, Arkansas and
Missouri) were included in the Lambda* patellae;
if i
and upon the soil of those States !every was planted by
-the French . The ninth (F 1 'a) was purchased of
Spain, and bad been a slaveholdi country from before
the time when the first twe e negroes were landed at
Jamestown. The principle hick has prevailed in all
. these rum whether right or wrong, is obvious.
Those portions of the Louisiana pachase which bad
begun to be settled ander the laws of France, and into
which, therefore, slavery had been introduced before the
ceesion, were permitted to be slavehoMing States. Wert.
of Louisiana is Tow, which wu then a part of Mesita.
West of Arkansas is the territory reeervedfor the South
em Indians. West and North of Migeoari stretches the
chartered domain of freedom.
Seven free States, including Wisconsin, have:been
added to the Vnion since the dedaration of independence.
Two of these, Maine and Vermont, were never held
territories under the jurisdiction of (No:4mm'. The oth
er Gve. Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan and Wisconsin,.
that phalanx of free States, have been =sated out of dui
- " territory northwest' of toe Ohio," and have grown up
udder the operation of that wise provision is the ordi." -
name of 1787, which " forever" prohibited ill insole* ,
levy servitude upon that soil, except u • punishment for
crime.
The only slavery which exists under the row:orient,
of the United States at this time, is in the District of
Aumhis' , where the laws on that subject remain as they
were when the District was ceded by the alteeharding
Mimes to whirl it gnmerly belonged.
The . question raised in Congress by the introduction
of the Moue proviso, bat been compared with the
celebrated Missoori question of 1820. It is important
that arc tarp in 'mind the diffirenee between that quo.
tier 1820, and this question of 1847 ; lest we be
drape, insensibly, to regud the decision of the former
as a precedent which ought to control the dastioon aids*
tatter.
What is sow tbo siltate of Missouri, was metaled
the Louisiana whirl was purchased from Treece by Pre.
Jefferson..silent At the dew of the purchase; it wao- o
sterthukling country. When it was separated from
Lnuisisna; and ptseed ender a territorial government
with a view to its becoming a Stitt, it was of 'earners
starehoitrurs territory. When its poptilation had in•
crewed la Ai ielpaisit• noisfor..doilababits••• at Nis.
loud had • righk, by the tufty d imarr4uar, to be ad.
-- "jilts* tormlulitn 8 9 1 /. 4 ". 11 0 114 ",`,
tteteo TteiBut of
it .
bolas Sartain ate h Should finfleteratioiti
saii4ts aderilesau inlet
Ws Ibdion atikieseselfiii of littilteirtOr and It "wit
and protracted debate allme, turning robselpaliy on the
aduiissixi or rejection eislevery. Perreissionerielesek
iiirantefrailtelie4 . l4 Mercifiri to form secuistlifidon
admitting alarm under certain restrictions.
The Missouri question wee the question which arose
respecting thendruirriiori of that elate tamale Union.—
Ft wee the question whether e state, the soil of:which had
been sequireditnd annefe'd With Armies add elwieholders
upon it,atinieritiO had been.seUledand governed zeder
the authority of the Federal government u a slavehold
ing territory, should' be Omitted into the Union without
being first - required to abolish slum.. But the question
now befUe the- American people is it question of eutire
ly'e dement nature... .
We.harre overrun and conquered from the Mexican
nation a sass portion of territsey--ind if a peace is not
Mini effected, the war is which we are engaged will cost
ex many millions of dollars. The. only indemnity we
can ever hope to obtain from Me: ieois territerY iiheicslare•
rydoa Rut exist. In the final cession' of this territory,lt
is expected the United States will be requPeri to petlo
Mexico, a sum of merney,.which, added to the expenses
of the Wow, will be *reeler:it tothe value of the territory
to be acquired. In making an appropriation of money
fur this purpose, it wee eerfainly desirable that an es
wanes shoot& be given that this free territory should
not be converted into a slave Stew, brat be forever left
open fur settlement by the fete laborers from every Bole
in the Union.
MI
SE
II
It was under a-conviction that free , territory bad been
conquered from Merino. and that some of it would never
be relinquished by the United States, that in spproprise
sing a part of the ptucbase money, it was proposed to
extend to each territory the principka and policy of the
old Continental Congress. and prohibit for ever in ir,
slavery or involuntary servitude.
And in looking over our. past history, one wont! bent.
ly suppose this a proposition as reasonable 4rould be ob.
jected to by an American Statesman. Upon the territo
ry srquired,nr tobe acquired by the measures now in
progress, ito has been established by the legislation of
Mexico as a fundamental law forever, that every human
being, of whatever lineage or complexion, is freer that
there shall be no traffic in human flesh.
What, Zrefigati do ice ask 7 That Free Territory
rhpll remaipfree. We demand the neutrality of thu
Gorenymint an the salad of slavery."
liotmg Men's Convention.
It. has been suggested by several of the Democratic
papers, that the Democratic Young Men of Pennsylve.
nit. hold a State Convention at Harrisburg on the 4th
ofJuly next.
Such 'a Convention will probably be held; and it is
important that it should be well and numerously attend
ed from every county.
Bradford county ought to be represented fully, in that
Convention. Her young and patriotic democracy are
awake to the importance of the contest approaching ;
and we feel very confident thry will take measures to
appoint a suitable number of delegates to represent them
in that convention. With this view we suggest that a
meeting be hell on some evening of the first week of
Coon; notice of which can be given by handbills, for
the purpose of appointing such delegates es may be
thought proper.
We presume the proposed State Convention will par
take somewhat of the character'of a mass meeting, each
county sending whatever number of delegates it may
choose. Let there be a full representation of Old Bnol
ford; and in the selection, let auntie taken to appoint
those who will pledge themselves tit attend.
The signs of the times in Pennsylvania, are highly'
encouraging ;Abe prospect of the success of Se can. and
Losairracre, is bright and cheering; and it only re
mains for the Democracy of the State to make onevigor•
out and united effort, to defeat the candidates of Federal
ism and Monopoly--Irvin and Patton—by a majority
that will strike terror and dismay into the hearts of our
political opponents.
F raoragcr—soy asaustn.—h isamusing
to refer to the prophecies made by the Federal press—
of the utter devastation which was to overspread our fair
country, upon the repeal of the late tariff Less •hen
one year ago, the Federal organ of Connecticut, printed
in New Haven, published the following predictions with
• special request to the Democrats to preserve the paper
in.order to test the accuracy and sagacity of the Fedetel
editor and prophet.
Ist. Within six months from Joly 1, 18413. labor will
be reduced from IS to 20 per ant.—this will be a great
depression of labor.
2d. By the Ist of Hatch, 1847, one half of the small
factories, especially'' of iron and woollen, will stop
operating.
Sd The products of agricultunt will be materially re
duced for want of a home market, and on account of
the reduction of competition in the price dilator.
4th. The banks will, in selfdefence, be compelled to
curtail their circulation materially.
6th. Within one year. government credit will not be
shine pit, and more likely. wi th below.
6th. In nine months, ezchanp on England will be
ten per cent. advance.
Just about u lei& from the mark u the writer amid
well pt; but abOtit as near the troth as federal predic
tions commonly approach.
Mona TOMS WANT/D.—The Democratic Union of
Wednesday lan says:—. We learn that Gov. Suosc
received, on yesterday, a requisition from . the War De
partment fel two more companies of volunteers. We
trust the'Department atay allow Pennsylvania to put at
least another battalion in the field. It would be jmt
as nay to race, and we think our troops would prefer
going in kittleioii, deuivasening their distinctive char
seer as Pennsylvania , volunteers. To furnish • reit.
mem, we think, would be still mom acceptable.
VlllOll. l / 1 £ueslox.—.Wo have Dews from onlj
four districts. In the eth, Beale, Deus. is elected over
Newton by a small majority. •
In the 9th district, Pendelton, Whig, is reelected.
In the 10th district, Bedinger, Dem. is elected— •
. It is also stated that John M. Botts, Whig is elected
in the Richmond district. •
The Democrat. have gained a member to the &state
from the Fredericksburg district.
Fooi AA usn.--The editor of the United States Ga.
tette, with Irani candor Than most of the Wend press,
witeizard
'acknowiedgrs the James. of the term Federalist as
spilled to the Universal Whit Pany, and claims that
Principles of tree and genuine federalism
from WasitingtiOnd hare -teen tier minas
by the . iazOit:iod fr&rsl partjansid 7 its 401,ifasions
[onus, and coontir!, 'ehantes of nrune: . •
SAULT ST. Matux.—The MO:weal Mining
Companphive completed the survey of i ship
canal mound the Falls. at the foot of Lake Bu.;
perior, on the Canada side. Thelength of . the
canal iatobeonly hallo mile, the fall but 18 lett.
and the excavation through a sand rock. The
speedy completion of this. and the canal on Ma
St. Liirence, will enable vessels to sail , direct
ly fruits Liverpool and other seaports. to the
head of Lake Superior,
---:`' Cate --- iiiiihe- City' itleilei.
i
r ityivelo.,,,,,mi. of the N. Y 91 1 1-
~,,
i ft
I t''i •
-=''fi - ' 'iittco. Narc`hi 5. tI7-(''..-,
' Iliirilt4 1 01:! , fit y revuluti '' !wiz- obit%
'led: Ahn.litint*Antis has rem' et! Odin th„ . ,it
field rtt i tattleieturdiken the reinit-. or Overtly;
dtent.•.,:vid,iiihnielibinet newly ilintpall, 'tat
unfortunate people are preparing to take their
last down hill path to the end of this repliblic.
Alitiesaihey immediately:deer off thedarkimed
tn-sk. they will, by the hand , al,Providence.
soon find theme' eel:, "with .it: imory , the. most.
precious gem of earth; under the kind protec-
tion 4 a nation who could appreciate its value.
The papers of fateyday lagypublutheit§anta
Antia's 14E4011 eddies' to liis„lttiMps - at 'San ;
huh* en-the leithe,with-hieAriewit-of -the revo.
lotion, He errired, here yestenlay amidst ' , PI ,
sip; demonstration of rejoicing: - having" been
duly_ iningiirated President of the' Republic
last Tuesday in the riidiurks,'st.Gliailaloupe.—
Afraid to trust hiniselfin the illy; Withent some
paispnet for his sart 3 i, ho; wisely received the
stirred offices - of the clergy in the .itubiirlis ;
thee purified,and_ - guarded by five. thousand:
tioopi, his m.lich to the capital was uninter
rupted and magnificent.', it was a :eltise hOli
day. service was held in the , r-. 161119 Ciilli6 ' 4l ,
and pray era offered up ;for the safet yof the na- :
tion. Santa Anna has not joined the' Clergy.'
the
.. 69vertrinel4 reinaiio imihcmgril. the wo
men's revolution has been unabecessful. Con..
Kress is restored and Gomez Furies is still
`Vice President. 'Santa Anna in 'hie' address
again declares' himself thel, ashore of- public
c-pinion." he will obey the' will of, the pedple
and sustain the Coneress. . '
The most dolefteaecounti from Vera Crez,
which must soon fall,
.have spread gloom and
despondency among all i iteresti:d in sustain
ing the military chieftains. But with ihe'own•
era of property, merchants. artismis stuf, clergy.
I assure you the case is very different,. It is
impossible for you to conceive hniir great -is
their desire for the success of the Americani.
I think there will be no opposition made here
at all. If Scott takes Vera Crus within three
weeks - from this time, he will get here before
Gen. Taylor. Preparal'oes were made by
Congress to move the seat of government to
Jal.ips, but that being on Gen. Taylor's road
wilds city, the project must be abandOned, as
the route is now open-to him. We expect to
see Taylor and Scott here. eking a 6, hasty
plate"; (tortillas with Santa Anna, about the
i
lot or . T .
- The clergy who clearly hold the balance of
power, end represent at leastmine-tenth6 of the
people, are disposed to favor peace. and even
make some sacrifice of territory to obtain it, on
two conditions.
Ist. The release of the mass from the op
pression of their military leaders. They wish
the army die/Dived.
21 They desire in some lorm a guarantee
that the laws and constitution shall be sustain
ed,.ind private property. including that held
by corporations and the . Church. should be re
opened. This is prevented by keeping op
a military despotism. .
Pcomc-CaEnrr.—Accounts from Washing
ton show a new feature in the finances of our
government. cite whole loan of 818.000.000
has been taken, at a preminm of 2 and 2/ per
cent., the whole amount offered being 858.-
000.000. and the amount offered above par be
ing 856,000.000. Can any other government
exhibit such ereditas this I Can any European
government offer proposals for a loan., and re
ceive bids for more than three times the amount
required, accompanied with a premium for the
privilege of lending 1 Not a single govern
ment in Europe could now borrow a dollar,
excepting at a discount. In othei worths, to
obtain a million of dollars, it must give its bond
for mote than a million. But our government
borrows 818.000.000 at a premium of 2/ per
cent., and thus gives its bond for only 817.-
550.000 ! And while asking for 818.000.000
only. it can borrow 850.000.000 on the same
terms
But a feature still more extraordinary in this
loan, is its subdivision among the people.—
The great money dealers in the cities are bid
ders. but get nothing because they do not bid
high enough. The successful competitors are
the men _of moderate means, scattered over
the whole interior ; the farmers, mech_ anics.
lawyers, traders and merchants' clerks of the
country. Among the hfilders are merchants'
clerks, butchers. drovers and others, with bids
from 5500 to 5100.000. If the British. French
or other European governments want a loan.
it thinks of nobody as able to furnish it but a
Rothschild, or a some other great banker.—
And the banker, for- what exceeds the power
of hicown pocket. never thinks of any other
person than some bsnker, or retired merchant,
or capitalist with millions to spare.- And ilto.re
of smaller means who afterwards buy of these
holders, rely entirely upon their opinion about.
the value of the stuck. In no European na
tion, not even in England. do the people go
directly to their government, 'and offer their
money as original lenders. But in the
: United
States, the people, with their so.all sums to in
vest. go directly to the Treasury with a direct
offerof their money & their conditions.and actu
ally drive the financers out of the market.—
' And
the
does this prove I Th., intelligence
of the people. and their citinfithiee, in the go
vernment. Strung indeed mut be that reptib.
lican government, which, in time of war. can
borrow 550.000,000 directly from the people.
in small sums from each. Such a government
needs no banks, no "financiers. no Roth
schifils no shaving. Thiok of that, Europe.
and then laugh at f. democracry r —Ledgcr:
SIX THOUSAND MORE VoLusiznEtts.—We
understand that the President of the United
States is about to call immediately about 6.000
more volunteer troops into ihe public service.
They-are principally intended to fill up the
places , of the volunteers whose time is about to
ezpire. It is probable that many of them will
renew their engagements ; but for any possi•
ble contingency, it is deemed beat to make the
present call.i.
These troops are intended to strengthen the
threedivisions of our army, viz.: at Santa Fe,
the army in the direction of the Rio Grande,
and the column of Vera Cruz.
• The alministraiiin isdettrmined on .a vigor
ous prosecution a the war. Mexico may be
blind to her own interests...-she may ohstinate
ly detertpute.sgamst any pacification. In that
case she will find the Executive of the United
States as resolutely best upon carrying on the
-war as she can be, omit ponce can be made be
tween the two countries. is.the tree policy
of the United *nee, to profit by th i s ,victories
they have gained. Penes or per. the olive
branch or the sword. is left to, Os decision cl
Mexico. Whatever May he -Anid. against tt
administration, the last complaint will belts
want of energy.
Highly m rant --trot the grimy
fhst - Iff,9 ct,F Nersr 04liter:we have sc.
e. ts frem the illy of Metico mop to the 24th
H .
Ain* Anne had Afrifitedlit ibtr tapital on the
Merck.... He hasflikeitleherifit of *hi Pre.
Sidetic94 , attitliOne of his first ewers, lei order
asTiehimints of Iron - 05 , 03.000 veteran :troops)
to this relief of -Vera Cruz. This is. of course,
uietesi4-iber are the day after the _fair.
In his inaugural address. he abuses the
.Americans, and promises.•if seconded by the
people, to make headsuccessfully against us.
This too. is in the usual gasconade of the
Mexican character. ,
The:Cabinet of Santa - Anna is composed as
.fullows Mariapo Otero, Minister of For-
sign. Affairs ; D. Joan Bonder°, of the Tree.
sury ; D. D. 'Franeiico k Suarvey Triarte. of
Justice, and D. Jose Ignacio Gutierrez. of
War. .
Before Santa Anna reached the capital, he
sent an order thither for the release of Gotnez
Peraza, whom Ferias hal kept for a, week or
two a close prisont.r. Santa Anna hai avowed
his intention or asking from Congiess an am•
nesty fur all political offences committed since
1891.
The latest accounts from Chihuahua were
to the sth March. The toss of the battles of
the 28ili Pebruary by the Mexicans. is attribu
ted to the cowardice of the Mexican cavalry.
The forces of the Americans are stated to have
bren . l.llo, and 7 pieces of artillery ; whilst
those of the Mexicans were 2.000 men and 10
pietas of artillery. The Americana took pos
session of Chiheatina on the 2d March, and
nearly all the Mexican families were abandon
ing the city.' ",
The city of Mexicir, it is supposed, • will
soon fall into our hands. The' Washington
Union of Friday night ways
" We are assured. upon the firth. of cone
spondence just arrived. that 4,000 or 5,000 of
our troops will take it in spite of Santa Anna
and all his rodothontade."
(From ilaa Reading Democrat.)
:Ovn Peosogers.--Every thing looks bright
and encouraging. -Our Democratic friend.
throughout the State are rallying withspirtt and
unanimity in favor of Snorts and LONOSTRETH.
their regularly chosen candidates, and "measures
are in train every whete to effect a complete
and perfect organization of - the Democratic for
ces. preparatory to the great contest which is to
come off in October next.
The Federalists are reckoning without their
host,if they expect to benefit themselves through
the medium of division in our ranks - . The
candidates they have placed in nomination are,
doubtless. very respectable Federalists. 6EIO is
anticipating entirely too much for them to ex
pect to succeed against the old and unconquera
ble Democratic legion of Pennsylvania. W
eida. whilst ourlparty is united and i harmonious
in action, theirs is torn and distracted by in
ternal dissensions. Some of the most promi
nent feds in the State are opposed to James
Irvin, the Gubernatorial nominee, and do not
hesitate to declare their hostility. Among these
one of the most prominent is Judge Banks, the
State Treasurer. a man who stands high in the
estimation of his party, having been but a few
years ago. their candidate for the office of
Governor. He is understood to be unquali
fiedly hostile to James Irvin's election. and is
sustained in his opposition by a large and in
fluential portion of the political friends :4ffitb
whom he has been acting.
In view of these things. and the certain dis•
affection which must show itself. spreading wi-
der and wider as the day of election draws near,
it is not a little amusing to notice the boasting
of the Mexican Journal of this city, as to the
certainty of their success. But, like a hun
dred other magnificent anticipations they have
indulged in. this will vanish into air. and their
fancied strength will not avail against the on
ward march of the conquering Democracy.
With candidates, worthy as are those who
have been nominated fur our support ; with
principles to sustain, that will bear, ail they ever
have, the test of the strictest serutiny —and
with a party to sustain those principles with
unfaltering vigor, the prospects for the future
are as bright as we need desire. Pennsylvania.
temporarily prostrated as she was, last fall, will
resume, her proud position among the States of
the Union. and the the triumphant election of
Snua and LoNos•rneTu he the crowning evi
dence of the zeal and devotion with which the
good old cause is ever supported Fey the Democ•
racy of the Keystone State. We bespeak a
tremendous majority in good old Berks, for
sp osx anti LONGIStETII.
The Democracy are awake and active, and
a glorious stetury will he the result.
Two ELEPHANTS DROWNED.—The elephants
attached to the Menagerie of Messrs. Raymond
& Waring, were unfortunately drowned in the
Delaware river, on Thursday morning, a short
distance below Philadelphia. Their keeper
was attempting to swim them actors the river
to the Jersy ; shore. In order that the keeper
might manage them the more readily, they
were fastened together with a chain about ten
IVet long. On getting out fairly into the chan
nel, the tide was so strong as to carry them rap
idly down the current. W hen abreast of the Na
vy Yard, one of them began to fail, and draw
the head of the other under water. They could
not be disengaged, and near the Powder wharf,
about three miles below the city, they drowned.
Their earcaaes were reccovered and towed
ashore near Glonester Paint.
It is customary to swim these animals across
streams of water in their travels about the coun
try, they taking great delight in it. and but fur
the force of the current, they would doubtless
have succeeded in gaining the other bank of the
river in safety.
They were supposed to be nearly thirty
years of age, and valued at about $30,000.
APPOINTMENTS BY THE PasstrizraT.--Briga
diet General Gideon J. Pillow. to be major gen
eral in.the army of the United States. in the
place of Thomas H. Benton, who declined to
accept.
Brigadier GeneraltJohn A. Quitman. to be
majorgetteral in the army of the United States.
in the place of William Cumming. who de
clined to accept.
Colonel Caleb Cushing. to be brigadier gen
eral. in the. army of the . United. States. to the
place of John A. Quitman. promoted.
Lairs.. Cot. Ct.sv.—The N. 0. Picayune
says t—.;.His last words were of his father.—
When he" was shot down a second time he
drew a brace of pistols from his belt, handed
them to Capt. Cutter and requested him to de
liver them to hitt father, with this mftsaee
.to him that he gave them to me and that
I have done all that I can with
,them and now
return them to hiin." litre the enemy came
thick around him, and these were the last
'words he was heard to utter.”
Jsmsg_Coeringter. one of the Clay
,10144# fey thelliate of New Hfinipshire , big
genotiOced ,the Federal. Mexican Part 7 with
which he lii!f# heretofore acted in a limp, add
able lelfer, - and lire opine that doei honor': to
his head and hear?. Mr. Cochran'e sentimelim
will he responded to by thousands of 'honest
men in Pennsylvania who have been deceived
into the support of Federalism. We have on
ly room ter the 'follewleg eitiaet froui'ME
Cochran's letter, which. we etonmend to the
careful attention of our readers :
" But. Messrs.. Editors, 1 find I am going
too much intb the,partienlars of the opposition
of the federal party. to their country, and I on
ly ask a little apace now in which I wish to
refer to their apposing theircountry ift the last
war. Our commerce had been attacked by
British subjects. and over twelve hundred
American seamen had been impresied from our
vessels, and taken aboard. British men of-war.
and to fight in their wars ; or if they refused,
they were " tied to the mast and shot like
dogs." The national, honor and interest de
manded reparation and war-was declared.—
Never was war more just and necessary, add
never did war meet with a more factious, dent-
Ding opposition. than did the-last war from the
Federal party. Those who went for their
country were denounced as infidels and Jacob
ins. The members of. Congress who suppor
ted the country were stigmatised es a " host
of ruffians." the war was called "Jim Midi
eon's war." and they even went so far lie to
threaten him-With a " halter"_and " send him
to the Island of Elba." . They declared it to
be - " the moat wicked war ever waged."—
They declared Great Britain to be " the inno
cent party." that " she, was the bulwark of
our hey religion." that she was " struggling
for her salvation," and in that war was " fight
ing the battles of Christendom, against us who
are anti-Christ and his .boat." But all their
opposition to their country availed them
naught, save to disgrace the party and the par
ty name. to escape which they changed the
name of Federal to that of whig ;--and a 'MO•
lar fate awaits that same. The friends of the
Government rallied in proportion' to their op
position. and closed the war at New Orleans
by one of the most splendid victories over the
British and federalism ever recorded on the
page of history. t
" They have taken die rams identical coarse
which the old Federal party took daring the
last war r They have denounced the war as
" Jim Polk's war"—the members of Congress
who support it as " cringing. servile tools of
the south." and " dough faces," and the war,
itself as •' unparalleled in the annals of
;" and. of course all of us who support it,
as infamous without parallel.
" I cannot, I will not support such a party
any. longer ! I shall vote for Jared %V. Wil
liams at --the coming election. and)! will vote
for no man who is engaged in this infamous
opposition to his country. I should as quick
think cf standing still and see the midnight in
cendiary apply the torch to my dwelling or the
midnight assegais plunge the dagger into the
bosom of a friend. as to think of standing still
and see the honor of my country tarnished, or
her flag disgraced, in. ibis her hour of peril or
trouble. 1-
" I take me stand on the side col my country
—patriotism orders-it—duty directs it. The
party that supports my own government re
ceives my support."
Such are no doubt the sentiments of thou
sands of honest men : and though they my not
all he heard through the press. They will be
felt at the ballot box, where their voice wilt be
as potent. and their teachings even more effec
tive, The patriotism of the country is awak
ened, and. as in times past, it will overwhelm its
foreign and domestic foes. •
Still Later, from the Army.
Surrender of Aloarado--Repo i rted Surrender
of Jalapa.
Washington. April 21. 1847.
By the Southern Mail we have an Extra Pica
yune of 14th inst with intelligence from Vera
Cruz to the 6th, brought by the arrival of the
steamship Edith.
The town. of Alvarado was captured On the
4th. by, the naval expedition sent agatnst it,
without an action.
Colonel Harney. with the Second Dragoons,
and a detachment from Gen. Twogg's
had taken possession of Antigua capturing one
Mexican officer and eight lancers.
The army was to move on the 7th in the
direction of Jalapa. by divisions ; that of Gen.
Twiggs leading the Advance, follows I by Gee.
Pattersoh with the volunteers, and Gen. Worth
with the first division of regulars bringing up
the rear.
Fiacotalapan and Cosamonoapan, two fine
ports, above Alvarado, are reported to have
been taken by our forces, without resistance.
Commodore Perry was about starting, with
all his vessels, with the intention of capturing
every city, town.and port on the entire Mexican
coast.
The latest report at Vera Cruz was. that
Santa Anna would dispute the passage of our
troops towards thecity a Mexico. with an ar
my of twenty thbutand men. Mr. Kendall.
however, attached no importance to the rumor.
The United StXtes sloop St. Mary's arrived
at Pensacola on the 13th inst., S i days fromSera
Cruz, with - news of the, taking of Alvarado,
without a,gun being, ; fired, by Lieut. Hunter.
commanding the steXmer Scourge. It oceured
on the 2d inst. The St. Mary's has a number
of her men sick. ,She brings despatches from
Com. Perry. "
The Niw Orleans Delta learned froth' passen
gers by the Louisiana that the town of Jalapa
also had sent its alcalde. with a mil moil,
proffering the sutrender of the town, and pray
mg that a force be sent by the United States to
take possession of the town and to protect the
rights of the citizens.
The St. Mary's, which brings the latest news.
does not confirm this intelligence.
Gen. Twiggs had . taken up the line of march
for Jalapa on the,34 of April, with a column of
2,500 men. Col. Harney had left the day be.
fore with his regiment, 2d dragoons. He had
succeeded in mounting the whole of the regi
ment, and it now numbers 500 strong.
La Vega had been at Puence Nacional, with
2,000 men and nine pieces of cannon, but not'
being supported by the Gorernnfent or the
people. had concluded to abandon the post, and
marched on his force towards the City of Mexi
co. Inutiediately after hie departure. the citi
zens of Jalapa, it is stated, assembted together
and determined to send the Altialde to the Ameri
can camp. to surrender the town. .
Col. Bankhead, with the 2d artillery, is
under marching orders, and would follow
Twiggs' column with a long train and large
military force.
rlllkeiltlTAT Of °vests witivrZicii;
few months since, the Federal Mexicans ins
_wiiiing4lso,my forebodings as to the erect%
I se .o•l7:otOgiment, They would hav e h ad 114
liein* believe that President Polk & theta:tin.
station, tiiss utterly incapable of coodunitt
"ticeeeskilfy. the financial affairs. of the country'
1 0 that tinder their management, the Cot tilt ei,
waifast losing the confidence of eapitacj,
How stands the matter now? Congren,a,
its late sessinti authorized a' Loan
.senrd
Wink: rri sitbbilijv gt
Secretary of Treaeury, adiertisid
Itw the loan. W hat has been the result 1. L, l
the following from the Washington t
•
answer: -
- We have the pleasure of announcin g i s
the whole loaupt, ejghtren_milions,. '
wsiiiejiai, at a premium Taiping firoilii4V
to two per rent. - The whole-amouot bid en
858,7.00.893, of iithiehrthe auto of 854.925,583
was bid above par, and the remainder g 2,8 64
300'at pat. Thus it will be perceived ibudts
bideat a premium largely exceed three 4 , 1
the amount of the lean advertised. Consider.
ble sums are taken for trustees- and executes,
for saving's banks and persons not in burnt,
for actual investment, and who defile to p ly
the money immediately. The Secretary, h os ,
ever, has guarded against calling in the lug
more rapidly than'it is wanted ; (er, were it
to do so. is would make the governmentray+
terest prematurely, and derange the linvinen
the country by too large a call for specie intro
one month. An intelligent correspondent, is
a communication published by us lam acct,
calcualted that the money world nor all i t
wanted until the first of February nest, whoh
would n quire something less than two militan t
dollars of the loan to be paid monthly i'so that
the same epecie which paid an inkalmrat
would be disbursed and in circulation to afford
the means for paying succeeding instalments
from time to time. By calling in the lean
this way—which we are assured will he d ot ,
_whilst a large sum in interest will be nod
to the Government, no heavy rolls will mate
for specie at any one time, and the bulimic(
the country will be undisturbed.
The bids of fifty-eight millions for this
demonstrate the just confidence of the peoplem
their own Government, and the ample trim
ces and wealth of the country. No &drib,
auspicious result was aided by . the recent glare
ous victories at Buena Vista and Vera Cruz
under our heroic leaders, Taylorand Seen;b ll
the successful result of the tariff of 1846 wind
it is demonstrated, will yield an annual tetenne
of thirty millions of dollars, and the new mite
tary contributions under the new Mexican
also contributed to swell the bids.
WRIT rs TRE/130,1.--For the purpose, nn
the Ohio Statesman, of defining the meteingol
this void. we copy the following from the Nt
tional intelligencer of October 13, 181::
"'There are other ways of aiding an mem
than by deserting to his standard. Theses*
wing him quite as effectually who seize erm
opportunity to dishearten. the patriotic ones
of our country. and thus encourage the enemy.
When with this view, (and n can bean other,'
facts are discolored and perverted, to-the injury
a the coUrftry's cause. those whoare wilful
ly concerned in such deteeitable conduct, ire
guilty of a MORAL TREASON. at least, Ihollel
their offence is, perhaps, not cognizable be
law. And really, when we see the Mimes
conduct. in thi s respect, of certain dental anul
editiorial penttillages, we cannot but violently
suspect they want but the power it sure tit
enemy in any way that would not put then lira
in jeopardy."
According to this iefinirion, there are me
microns members of Congress and editors in the
country, who would be properly classed among
this class of offenders—for instance, ninon
publishing such statements as would present
and discourage our citizens from enlenterang
in the service of the country. This has bee
dohe.hy nearly all the Federal papers of the
Union.
[Correspondence of the Pennsylranisr.l
WASHINGTON, Altil 18, 1947.
DOINGS IN W ASIIINGTON.-1 1 is TULSA
that N. P. TRIST. Esq., chief clerk of the Slat
Department, has gone witlviinportant despatches
to Mexico. The precise character of the do
patches is, of course, unknown to the public;
but it may be presumed they contain the
male purposes and demands of our government
The instructions to owl-military cowmandi
doubtless adapted to the various exigenciestbt
may arise in Mexico. and it is said Mr. 'f. vdi
remain with Gen. Stairis division until It
witnesses the denouement. rio more note
tent person for such a mission than Mr. Tio
could have been chosen, He speaks se dvtc!
the Spanish language finendy,
.and nezi!"'
position must be very familiar with the yell
of our Government. The despatches, boom.
will regul to the conduct of our c onn!eden.
Gen ALNONTE, it is said. succeeds SOU
ANNA in command of the Mexican fir!t•l"
You remember, he was the Mexican ambers
dor in' this city, and demanded his passr!.. 3
the passage - of the resolutions annexing fari
which was accordingly granted in him. MI
he, in his new vocation , tread in the fouler
of his illlustrious preieeessor!"
AND STILL ANOTDER Issomerno. -11°
Matamoras Flag of the 3d inst. states optatl*
authority or the captain of the steamboat Cot
vette, from Camargo, that a letter was retold
at Camargo. just before he left, from VIP'
Montgomery, quarter-master at Montereyto
tin g that it was asserted there, on good Mai'
can authority, that Gen. Arista, ineensed d
the disgrace put on him by Santa Anna.-06
'ferent (tom his treatment of Ampudia,
needed in raising 7000- men, and was snic b.
ing from Zacatecas to the city of Mutest° .
termining to pntdown Santa Anna's authort
and reinstate Herrera. It was'understoo dth 7,
Santa Anna had marched with the remsg"
his shattered Wines for the' purpose of WO
ing Arista. r.
WONDERFUL PRESERVATION. — Fr ida Y
isg, as the stage: for Newzifork. containini ra f.
passengers, was crossing the canal bridge IP'
village near the Methodist Episcopal
ett '
the main timber which supported the f1w.174
gave way. precipitating the coach, bores
passengers into the canal, and strange.'
not si single individual was seriously InP 4 l
the coach not greatly damaged, and only °g ig
the horses killed. The coach and hoots out
longed to Maj. A. Morgan. who of counts ; 1 1 5 ,
look to the State for claturges stlstaioe d .as
understand that the hope killed 0211 a riot
one—one of a matched team —Singh
Iris. •
STEAN.—A manufactory for making 7 . ..;„
pegs is in operation at Cincinnati, which Ow"
richt bushels daily.
RED PEPPERS:—The seed of the Infl°
kinds of Pepptrs should now be sown.